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>> [Semina] [Kohana: Lightweight PHP Mfumo]

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[Brandon Liu] [Chuo Kikuu cha Harvard]

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[Hii ni CS50.] [CS50.TV]

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>> Hi kila mtu. Jina langu ni Brandon.

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Mimi nina junior hapa katika chuo kufanya sayansi ya kompyuta, na leo tuko kwenda kuzungumza kuhusu

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Kohana, ambayo ni PHP mfumo wa maendeleo ya mtandao.

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Leo ni kwenda kuwa kuishi coding semina,

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hivyo mimi nina kimsingi kwenda kutumia dakika 5-10 kueleza kile Kohana ni,

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na kisha mimi nina literally kwenda kujenga blog super rahisi

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kwa haki yenu hapa halisi kutoka mwanzo.

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Tunakwenda kushusha code kutoka kwenye tovuti Kohana,

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na sisi ni kwenda kuanza kujenga blog, na hopefully utakuwa mafunzo sana,

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kwa sababu utaona labda labda mimi itabidi kufanya baadhi ya makosa,

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na utaona nipate kutoka kwao,

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au utaona mchakato wa mawazo yangu kama mimi kujenga nyumba kutoka kwa blog hii,

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na wakati huo huo, utapata pia kupata ukoo na mfumo yenyewe.

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Hopefully utakuwa zoezi mafunzo sana.

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>> Kwanza, ni nini hasa mfumo?

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Kama tumekuwa kuchukua CS50 hivyo mbali, wewe si kweli kazi na yeyote

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mifumo bado, na kitu ni hii.

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Ve pengine kufanyika 1 maendeleo ya mtandao pset tayari,

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na hebu sema wewe kuendelea kujenga Nje na kuweka tovuti ya jengo.

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Itabidi kuanza taarifa mambo kadhaa.

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Jambo la kwanza utasikia taarifa ni kwamba pengine wewe kufanya mambo sawa

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tena na tena wakati wote,

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mambo kama kusafisha data pembejeo user,

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mambo kama maandalizi ya mafaili yako katika njia fulani.

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Kitu kingine utasikia pia pengine taarifa ni kwamba kanuni yako

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inaweza kuanza kuwa sana, messy sana,

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na unaweza kuondoka messy na tu kuwa na wakati mgumu sana kudumisha yake,

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au unaweza kuanza muundo code yako na kuifanya wa msimu

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katika baadhi ya njia ya kufanya hivyo maintainable zaidi.

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>> Hii ni pale ambapo mfumo wa mtandao kimsingi, aliingia

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Watu hawa ambao walikuwa kujengwa mengi ya Nje, wakasema,

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"Hatuna haja ya Rudia hii kila wakati sisi kujenga tovuti."

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"Kwa nini sisi tu kufanya mfuko kwamba hana mambo haya yote kwa ajili yenu

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kila wakati unataka kujenga tovuti? "

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Na hivyo kwamba wakati wewe kufanya tovuti mpya,

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wewe tu kuzingatia nini hasa tovuti hii hasa ni juu.

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Huna haja ya kurudia wote Configuration mbalimbali

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na mgawanyo wa codes na kuandika code

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kwamba mara nyingi na kufanya wakati wewe ni kufanya tovuti.

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Wazo ni kwamba mfumo wa utapata kuandika ngazi ya juu code

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bila ya kuwa na wasiwasi juu ya maelezo chini ya ngazi ya.

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undani chini ya ngazi ya ili kuwa kitu kama

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kushughulika na kusafisha data pembejeo user.

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Hiyo ni kitu ambacho ni lazima si kweli wanahitaji na wasiwasi juu.

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Unapaswa kuzingatia kile mtandao mgao yako ni kweli juu.

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Ni hupunguza mengi ya boilerplate code.

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Ni usanifu kwa ajili ya mradi wako.

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>> Moja maarufu itakuwa Model-View-Mdhibiti,

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ambayo mimi nina kwenda kuzungumza kuhusu katika pili.

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Na mara nyingi mifumo hii uliopo seti ya taratibu,

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sheria, na njia bora kwa wewe kutumia

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hivyo kwamba wakati wewe kupitisha mfumo wa mtandao

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una kuandika code yako kwa njia fulani,

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na ni kwa ujumla walikubaliana juu ya seti ya kanuni

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na jamii ambayo kwa ujumla ni kukubaliwa kuwa

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njia nzuri ya kuandika code.

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Inafanya code yako maintainable zaidi, zaidi usable,

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kadhalika na kadhalika.

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Na hatimaye, jambo ambalo Mimi nataka kusisitiza juu ya mfumo

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dhidi ya maktaba ni wazo hili kuhusu inversion ya kudhibiti, na kitu ni hii.

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tofauti kati ya maktaba na mfumo ni kwamba pamoja na maktaba

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wewe bado ni kuandika mpango kuu,

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na wewe ni aina ya kutaja maktaba

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na wito juu ya maktaba kufanya kitu kwa ajili yenu.

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tofauti kati ya maktaba na mfumo

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ni kuwa mfumo wa anaanza na kudhibiti,

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na waomba code yako,

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hivyo unaweza kufikiria kama - hii ni kwa nini ni kuitwa mfumo wa -

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mfumo inatoa sura hii na muundo kwa code yako,

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na kujaza mashimo,

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na hii itakuwa wazi zaidi katika pili

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wakati unaweza kuona mimi kuanza kuandika kanuni katika mazingira ya mfumo.

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Utaona kwamba mimi nina kujaza mapengo,

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na mfumo wa ni aina ya kudhibiti vipande vyote kusonga,

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na mimi na kuweka vipande katika maeneo ya kulia.

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>> Leo tuko kwenda kuzungumza kuhusu Kohana,

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ambayo ni moja ya mifumo ya PHP wengi.

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Kuna mifumo ya mtandao, na kuna wale katika karibu kila lugha moja,

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na mimi nina kuokota Kohana kwa sababu Kohana ni arguably

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na kwa ujumla kutambuliwa kama rahisi PHP mfumo wa pick up.

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Ni lightweight zaidi.

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Kuna wale wengine huko nje kwamba kuja na wengi, wengi makala zaidi,

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lakini wao huwa na kuwa vigumu zaidi kwa pick up.

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Na hatimaye, Kohana anatumia MVC usanifu.

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Ni lightweight wa kutosha kwamba tunaweza literally kujenga mradi

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haki hapa haki mbele ya macho yako, na unaweza pretty much

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kufuata pamoja pretty kwa urahisi.

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>> Nini ni MVC usanifu?

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Anasimama kwa Model-View-Mdhibiti,

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na labda kama unadhani kuhusu code tumekuwa kuandika hivyo mbali

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kwa baadhi ya yako psets maendeleo ya mtandao

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unaweza kuwa na uwezo wa kuona baadhi ya hii, lakini kwa kawaida wakati wa kuanza kuandika

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mtandao ngumu zaidi ya maombi,

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mgawanyiko kati ya makundi haya 3 inakuwa zaidi na dhahiri zaidi.

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Mimi kuweka nje MVC hapa aina ya kama stack,

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na mara nyingi utasikia watu majadiliano juu ya mwingi katika maendeleo ya mtandao,

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na hii ni kuonyesha wazo kwamba

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kila safu, kila sehemu kwa kweli anajaribu kuwasiliana tu

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kati ya 2 sehemu nyingine.

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Mtu wanapata tovuti yako kama mteja au browser.

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Kiutendaji na mpango wako kupitia kwa mtazamo code.

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maoni code inaingiliana na mtawala.

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mtawala inaingiliana na mfano,

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na mfano inaingiliana na SQL database.

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Na hakuna hopping katika kati ya kama wewe kuandika code yako vizuri.

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>> Nini mambo haya nini?

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mfano kimsingi ni kipande ya kificho kwamba inahusika na data yako.

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Kitu chochote ambayo inahusika na database yako, pamoja na vitu kwamba kuhifadhi,

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au kurejesha vitu wale katika database,

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Hayo ni yote kubebwa na mfano wa kuigwa.

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Labda una vitu katika orodha yako.

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Tunakwenda kujenga mfano wa kuigwa kuwa na kufanya na posts,

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hivyo baada ya kuwa na baadhi ya sifa yake.

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Unaweza kuwa na kazi karibu kuhifadhi nafasi hizo au kurejesha posts

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au kuchuja posts na kadhalika na kadhalika,

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na kwamba code yote yale kubebwa na mfano wa kuigwa.

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mtawala ni aina ya maombi mantiki,

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na mambo mengi tofauti unaweza kwenda katika maombi mantiki.

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Kama wewe ni kuzungumza na API mbalimbali,

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ambayo inaweza kuwa ambapo wewe ni kushughulika na maombi mantiki.

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Kama wewe ni kujaribu kuwa na kuleta data kutoka mifano nyingi mbalimbali

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na kuwa na kuchanganya yao katika baadhi ya njia, kwamba mara nyingi inaweza kuwa kubebwa na mtawala.

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Kwa mfano, Facebook, kama wewe rafiki ya mtu,

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kisha labda kwamba kitendo cha kuanzisha uhusiano kwamba

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inaweza kufanyika kwa mtawala.

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>> Na hatimaye, maoni ni kificho kwamba ni kuzalisha nini hasa kuona.

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mara nyingi nadhani katika psets CS50

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wao si kweli moyo guys kwa tofauti ya mambo haya 3.

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Pengine utasikia na hii kubwa, kwa muda mrefu file ambapo juu

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kufanya baadhi ya swala SQL na labda kufanya baadhi ya usindikaji

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juu ya data ninyi Rudishwa kutoka database,

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na kisha una HTML yako yote chini.

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Na unaweza kupata kwamba kama kujenga kurasa zaidi na zaidi

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kwamba wewe ni kwenda na baadhi ya kanuni marudio, na pia,

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kitu ni faili yako kweli anapata kubwa na ya muda mrefu

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na inakuwa unwieldy kusimamia.

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sababu MVC ni vizuri kuonekana

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ni kwa sababu kadhaa.

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Jambo la kwanza ni kitu kinachoitwa mgawanyo wa wasiwasi

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ambayo ni wazo kwamba wakati una -

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walau 1 kipande ya maadili ya lazima kufanya 1 kitu na kufanya hivyo vizuri,

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na unapaswa kuchanganya vipande vya kificho kwamba kufanya mambo mbalimbali.

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Kwa mfano, mtazamo kanuni na mfano code,

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wao si kweli kuwa kuhusiana.

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Hawana kuwa katika files huo, hivyo wakati unaweza, tofauti yao nje

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hivyo ni rahisi kutunza.

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>> Kitu kingine ni kanuni ya taka.

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Unaweza kupata mwenyewe kuandika moja SQL swala au kufanya

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maswali sawa ambayo inaweza kuwa yanayotumika katika 1 kazi,

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na kwamba ni wazo nyuma ya mifano na controllers,

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kuwa ni katika kazi tofauti kwamba unaweza kutumia tena katika maeneo mbalimbali katika mradi wako.

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Na hatimaye, kwamba amefungwa kwa kukausha code yako,

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au si kurudia mwenyewe, wala kurudia mwenyewe.

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Hii ni kueleweka sana katika maendeleo.

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Wakati wowote unaweza, hawataki kurudia mwenyewe, kwa sababu kama wewe kurudia mwenyewe,

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 ni zaidi ya gharama kubwa ya kudumisha.

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Kama unataka kubadilisha 1 kitu, na mabadiliko hayo kila mahali,

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na ambayo inaongoza kwa mende, na ni ya kutisha.

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>> Sawa.

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Maswali yoyote hadi sasa kuhusu Kohana wakati wote?

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Kubwa.

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Sasa tunakwenda kwa kupiga mbizi katika kuishi coding kikao,

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na hopefully kila kitu unaendelea vizuri.

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Mimi naenda kimsingi kujenga tovuti hii

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juu ya moja ya kijijini watumishi wangu, na kwa njia hiyo guys unaweza pia

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angalia tovuti na kupata tovuti,

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na pia mazingira ni bora kimeundwa kuliko kijijini mashine yangu,

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kwa sababu ni mbio Linux badala ya OS X.

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Sisi ni literally kwenda kuanza.

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KohanaFramework.org.

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Mimi nina kwenda kushusha code kutoka kwenye tovuti.

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Mimi nina kwenda nakala ya kiungo mitaani,

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kwenda server yangu, kushusha ni,

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na mimi nina kwenda kutafuta yake.

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>> [Mwanafunzi] Nini kubwa unaweza kufanya maandishi?

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[Brandon Liu] Je, kuwa bora?

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[Mwanafunzi] Je, kwamba doable? >> [Brandon Liu] Yeah, hiyo ni nzuri.

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Mimi kupakuliwa ZIP file na unzipped kwamba katika saraka aitwaye Kohana,

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na tunakwenda kubadili jina kuwa CS50-Kohana,

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na hebu kwenda in

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Kutisha.

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Hapa unaweza kuona rundo la files tofauti.

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Wengi wa unaweza kupuuza - we're si kwenda kwa njia ya kila faili moja kwamba katika hapa

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kwa sababu ya yetu wakati,

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lakini kwa ujumla wakati wa kufunga Kohana, jambo la kwanza kufanya

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ni wewe kwenda directory,

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na wewe utakuwa kimsingi kufanya baadhi ya vipimo mazingira na mengineyo

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kuhakikisha mazingira yako ni vizuri kuweka kukimbia Kohana

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na kuhakikisha kwamba kila kitu ni sawa.

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Unaweza kuona mambo mengi kupita, lakini kwa ujumla daima kukimbia katika tatizo hili 1

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ambapo analalamika kuwa baadhi directory haliandikiki,

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na kwamba kwa sababu ya baadhi ya ruhusa.

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Sijui ni kiasi gani guys wamejifunza kuhusu ruhusa file katika CS50,

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lakini kama wewe kufanya maendeleo ya mtandao, wewe ni kwenda kukimbia katika suala hili sana.

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Mimi naenda kufanya hivyo writable

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na nadhani pia kuwa na - kuna sisi kwenda.

200
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>> Sawa, hivyo sasa unaweza kuona kila kitu kupita,

201
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na sasa itakuambia rename install.php file.

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Mimi nina kwenda kwa hoja install.php faili installed.php,

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na sasa kama mimi mahitaji,

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inanipa makosa fulani, na hii ni mahali ambapo debugging anakuja in

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Hii ni ambapo unaweza kuona nini hasa kinachoendelea kutokea.

206
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kitu ni, by default, Kohana akubali kwamba

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mradi wako ni mizizi orodha ya milki yako,

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hivyo ni wanatarajia wewe kuwa katika demo.brandonkliu.com.

209
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Tuna kuwaambia ni kwamba ni kweli katika subfolder.

210
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Ni katika subfolder aitwaye CS50 Kohana.

211
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kitu ni, ni misinterpreting CS50-Kohana

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kama kitu kingine, ambayo mimi itabidi kuelezea kwa katika pili.

213
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Lakini mimi lazima kuwaambia kwamba kitu ambacho ni kuwa na inatarajiwa.

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Nini tunakwenda kufanya ni sisi ni kwenda katika folder hii inayoitwa bootstrap.php,

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ambayo ni folder Configuration ambapo mambo mengi tofauti ni kuanzisha.

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Mimi wazi kwamba up.

217
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Basi labda moja ya mambo ya kwanza mimi itabidi kufanya ni kubadilisha eneo wakati.

218
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>> Na kisha hebu angalia.

219
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Aha! Hapa hapa.

220
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Kuna kundi la maneno mbalimbali Configuration katika hapa,

221
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lakini moja mimi nina kuangalia kwa ni hii kitu inayoitwa msingi URL,

222
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na kwa default mimi kupata kuweka Kohana,

223
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lakini nina kwenda na mabadiliko kwamba CS50-Kohana,

224
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na nadhani kwamba lazima kurekebisha.

225
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Ndiyo, kubwa.

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By default, kuona kwamba ni kazi, inasema, "Hello World."

227
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Wapi kwamba kuja kutoka? Jinsi gani sisi kupata Habari Dunia?

228
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Wapi hasa ni kificho kwamba kweli aliandika kwamba?

229
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Kuelewa kwamba, mimi itabidi kuanzisha dhana hii inayoitwa routing.

230
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Pretty sana mifumo mtandao wote na dhana iitwayo routing,

231
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ambayo ni kipande cha programu ambayo ramani URL baadhi ya

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kwa kipande fulani ya maadili ya ndani ya mfumo wako.

233
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Kwa mfano, kama una baadhi ya URL na kwenda baadhi URL kama foo.com / blog / all

234
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basi, kile mfumo ni kwenda kufanya - au angalau kile Kohana ni kwenda kufanya -

235
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ni ni kwenda kupata darasa aitwaye mtawala blog,

236
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na ni kwenda kukimbia kazi jina lake hatua zote.

237
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Najua mimi kuzungumza juu ya darasa na kazi,

238
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na Mimi najua wewe guys si kufunikwa madarasa na kazi

239
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katika CS50 bado, lakini kwa sasa,

240
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unaweza kufikiria madarasa kama tu kundi la kazi,

241
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njia ya kambi kazi pamoja.

242
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Hiyo ni kweli wote unahitaji kujua.

243
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>> Sasa kama sisi kuangalia folder mfumo wetu wa,

244
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ndani ya folder maombi kuna folder mwingine aitwaye madarasa,

245
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na folders nyingine wameitwa Mdhibiti na Model.

246
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Kama ukiangalia ndani ya Mdhibiti folder,

247
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tunaona kwamba kuna ni faili inayoitwa Karibu,

248
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na unaweza kuona hapa ni darasa aitwaye Mdhibiti Karibu,

249
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na kuna kazi kuitwa Action Index,

250
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na kile yake ni seti ya mwili wa majibu yako kwa Habari ya Dunia.

251
00:13:06,360 --> 00:13:08,730
Hiyo ambapo code ni kuwa imeandikwa.

252
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swali nyingine ni, vizuri, mimi hakwenda

253
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blah, blah, blah, / kuwakaribisha / index.

254
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Jinsi gani mimi kuishia hapa?

255
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Naam, hiyo ni kwa sababu tu

256
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hapa chini ya faili wetu bootstrap

257
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ambapo sisi kuweka njia yetu

258
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unaweza kuona kwamba wao kuweka baadhi ya defaults kwa ajili yenu.

259
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mtawala default ni Welcome. hatua default ni Index.

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Hiyo ni kwa nini wakati sisi kuweka kitu katika huko ni moja kwa moja akaenda Karibu mtawala

261
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na index Action.

262
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>> Kila kitu mantiki hadi sasa?

263
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Sasa, unaweza kufanya zaidi ya kwenda kwa Mdhibiti

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na hatua maalum.

265
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Unaweza pia kupita katika vigezo na mtawala.

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Tu kama mfano,

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Mimi nina kwenda kuongeza hatua nyingine ya mtawala hii kuonyesha.

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Hebu piga hatua hii Echo, kwa sababu itakuja kuwaambia chochote kufanya hivyo,

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na hivyo mimi nina kimsingi kwenda kunyakua

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parameter kwamba kwenda kutumwa kwa njia ya mimi routing mpango,

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na kama unaweza kuona hapa,

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line haki hii hapa, unaweza kuona kwamba

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hii kimsingi ina maana kuwa mtawala, na una /,

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na una hatua, na una / mwingine,

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na kwamba kinaendelea kuwa vigezo, na kwa sababu tuna hii ID jina

276
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ndani ya mabano pembeni, hiyo ina maana kwamba sisi ni kutaja ID hii parameter.

277
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Baadaye katika mtawala yangu code kama nataka kunyakua kushikilia ya kwamba parameter,

278
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Naweza kutumia code niliandika, kupata parameter jina lake ID.

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Hiyo ni nini mimi hapa, na mimi nina kwenda na kurudi na kusema,

280
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"Wewe alisema" hiyo.

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Na hivyo sasa kama mimi kwenda kwenye tovuti yetu,

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Mimi kwenda cs50-kohana/welcome/echo/Helloooo--

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oh, hiyo ni haki.

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Kuna hatua 1 I kushoto nje.

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Hii ni sehemu ya kuishi coding wazo.

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>> Hapa ni 1 kitu. Hebu angalia.

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00:15:36,100 --> 00:15:38,870
Hivyo kwa kawaida na default na mengi ya maombi hayo ya mtandao

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una ni pamoja na jambo hili index.php katika URL yako,

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kwa sababu wazo ni index.php ni aina ya kuingia hatua

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ya maombi yako, lakini bila shaka,

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hiyo ni aina ya annoying kuwa.

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Hutaki kuwa na index.php kuonekana katika URL yako,

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na pretty much kila mfumo wa mtandao nje ya boksi

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ina tatizo hili index.php,

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na hivyo kuwa na kuchukua baadhi ya hatua kuwa na uwezo wa kuondoa hiyo.

296
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Na hivyo katika kesi hii,

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nini tunakwenda kufanya ni tunakwenda kutumia faili kuitwa. htaccess,

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00:16:11,450 --> 00:16:13,900
na hii ni kitu ambacho ni maalum kwa Apache mtandao wa kompyuta,

299
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na inaweza kufanya vitu kama rewrite URLs

300
00:16:16,290 --> 00:16:19,350
na kuelekeza URLs na kadhalika na kadhalika,

301
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na Kohana ni nzuri ya kutosha kutoa template. htaccess faili kwamba tunaweza kutumia.

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>> Kama unaweza kuona, kuna file huko aitwaye example.htaccess,

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na tunakwenda nakala ya kwamba kwa. htaccess.

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Mimi nina kwenda kufungua hili na hariri,

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00:16:36,950 --> 00:16:40,840
na kimsingi haina rundo la vitu mbalimbali.

306
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line muhimu unaweza kuangalia ni haki hapa.

307
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Wazo ni kwamba hii seti up utawala kwamba anasema,

308
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"Sawa, chochote aina katika, prepend index.php hiyo."

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Unaweza kuona kwamba.

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. * Anasimama kwa kitu chochote, mechi kitu chochote,

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na kisha sehemu ya pili ni index.php / $ 0,

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na $ 0 inahusu chochote ilikuwa kuendana hapo awali.

313
00:17:07,410 --> 00:17:09,500
Je, hiyo mantiki?

314
00:17:09,500 --> 00:17:12,190
Lakini jambo muhimu kweli nataka mabadiliko ni kubadilika hii ya msingi rewrite,

315
00:17:12,190 --> 00:17:14,300
ambayo ni URL msingi.

316
00:17:14,300 --> 00:17:17,780
Ni aina ya akubali ambapo wewe ni kazi kutoka.

317
00:17:17,780 --> 00:17:22,560
Mimi nina kwenda kuongeza CS50 Kohana na kwamba,

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na kwa njia hiyo sasa kama mimi kuondoa index.php,

319
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ni lazima kazi, na mimi nina kwenda kuongeza idadi ya baadhi ya

320
00:17:32,110 --> 00:17:36,380
kuonyesha kwamba ni kweli alifanya kazi.

321
00:17:36,380 --> 00:17:38,130
Sauti nzuri.

322
00:17:38,130 --> 00:17:40,260
>> Maswali yoyote hadi sasa?

323
00:17:40,260 --> 00:17:42,300
[Mwanafunzi] Jinsi gani kujua kufanya 123?

324
00:17:42,300 --> 00:17:44,120
Ni kwamba hoja?

325
00:17:44,120 --> 00:17:46,560
Hasa. Unaweza kufikiria tu kama hoja.

326
00:17:46,560 --> 00:17:52,410
Lakini jambo weird, ingawa, ni kwamba njia Kohana gani

327
00:17:52,410 --> 00:17:54,910
ni wao si kufanya hivyo hasa kama hoja.

328
00:17:54,910 --> 00:17:56,930
Una kunyakua hiyo kama hii.

329
00:17:56,930 --> 00:18:01,030
Una kunyakua ombi kitu na kuomba kwa ajili ya parameter hiyo jina lake ID,

330
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na kwamba jina ID linatokana na kwamba bootstrap file

331
00:18:03,240 --> 00:18:06,990
kwamba mimi ilionyesha awali, na jina ID mara katika mabano wale angle,

332
00:18:06,990 --> 00:18:11,580
na kwamba ni jinsi gani kunyakua vigezo hizo.

333
00:18:11,580 --> 00:18:14,010
Kutisha.

334
00:18:14,010 --> 00:18:17,550
Maswali yoyote mengine?

335
00:18:17,550 --> 00:18:20,500
Kama nilivyosema, controllers, wao kushughulikia maombi mantiki,

336
00:18:20,500 --> 00:18:22,980
hivyo kwamba ni 1 mfano ambapo unaweza kuona that's -

337
00:18:22,980 --> 00:18:24,830
ni ya msingi sana, lakini bado ni maombi mantiki,

338
00:18:24,830 --> 00:18:27,980
wazo la grabbing parameter na kujenga kamba mpya

339
00:18:27,980 --> 00:18:31,920
kwamba anasema, "Wewe umesema blah," na kisha mate kwamba nyuma yenu.

340
00:18:31,920 --> 00:18:34,030
Na kwa ujumla nini kufanya ni kujenga controllers tofauti.

341
00:18:34,030 --> 00:18:36,450
Kujenga controllers tofauti kwa ajili ya sehemu mbalimbali ya tovuti yako.

342
00:18:36,450 --> 00:18:38,160
>> Leo tunakwenda kufanya tovuti rahisi sana,

343
00:18:38,160 --> 00:18:40,420
na ni kwenda kuwa blog msingi sana.

344
00:18:40,420 --> 00:18:43,780
Sisi ni kwenda kufanya mtawala mpya tu kwa ajili ya posts katika blog.

345
00:18:43,780 --> 00:18:47,060
Lakini basi kama ningekuwa pia kuongeza maoni kwa blog post,

346
00:18:47,060 --> 00:18:50,140
basi napenda pengine wanataka kufanya mtawala mpya kwa maoni hayo.

347
00:18:50,140 --> 00:18:53,380
Kama nilitaka kuongeza watumiaji, napenda pengine kuongeza mtawala mpya kwa watumiaji wale,

348
00:18:53,380 --> 00:18:57,000
na kwa ujumla, wazo ni kwamba wakati wowote na mtindo mpya,

349
00:18:57,000 --> 00:18:59,630
data mpya kitu kwamba wewe ni kushughulika na,

350
00:18:59,630 --> 00:19:02,970
una mtawala moja kwa ajili ya data kwamba kitu.

351
00:19:02,970 --> 00:19:04,370
Leo tuko tu kwenda kufanya kazi na 1 data kitu,

352
00:19:04,370 --> 00:19:06,250
na kwamba kinaendelea kuwa posts,

353
00:19:06,250 --> 00:19:08,710
na pia unaweza kufikiria data vitu kama sambamba na meza.

354
00:19:08,710 --> 00:19:12,160
Kwa ujumla kila meza sambamba na 1 aina ya data kitu,

355
00:19:12,160 --> 00:19:15,160
hivyo meza baada ya itakuwa na 1 baada ya mfano,

356
00:19:15,160 --> 00:19:18,230
ambayo itakuwa na baada ya 1 mtawala sambamba na kwamba,

357
00:19:18,230 --> 00:19:22,190
na moja kwa ajili ya maoni, sawa kwa watumiaji, na kadhalika na kadhalika.

358
00:19:22,190 --> 00:19:24,070
Na kwamba utawala mkuu wa thumb.

359
00:19:24,070 --> 00:19:27,460
Kuna ni kwenda kuwa kesi maalum ambapo yanatofautiana na kwamba,

360
00:19:27,460 --> 00:19:29,300
lakini 90% ya muda kwamba ni nini wanaenda kufanya,

361
00:19:29,300 --> 00:19:32,810
na mimi nitakuonyesha kwamba ni nini tunakwenda kufanya leo.

362
00:19:32,810 --> 00:19:35,490
1 zaidi dhana kabla ya sisi kupiga mbizi nyuma katika kanuni,

363
00:19:35,490 --> 00:19:37,710
wazo hili la kitu mahusiano ramani.

364
00:19:37,710 --> 00:19:41,200
>> You guys tayari amefanya maendeleo ya mtandao pset,

365
00:19:41,200 --> 00:19:43,820
na wameweza kuona kwamba kufanya SQL swala,

366
00:19:43,820 --> 00:19:46,510
na chochote anarudi wewe ni safu.

367
00:19:46,510 --> 00:19:50,040
Unaweza kupata safu hizi, na index yao kwa baadhi jina,

368
00:19:50,040 --> 00:19:55,480
jina la safu na meza,

369
00:19:55,480 --> 00:19:57,630
na kwamba ni jinsi gani kazi pamoja na hayo,

370
00:19:57,630 --> 00:19:59,290
na inaweza kuwa kidogo mbaya.

371
00:19:59,290 --> 00:20:01,810
Lakini zaidi ya hapo, kama una mahusiano ndani ya orodha yako,

372
00:20:01,810 --> 00:20:05,280
kama kwa mfano kama mimi na maoni na posts,

373
00:20:05,280 --> 00:20:11,240
basi labda mimi wanataka kunyakua baada ya mzazi wa maoni.

374
00:20:11,240 --> 00:20:14,350
Kama mimi kutumia safu tu katika SQL, basi wote naweza kupata ni ID

375
00:20:14,350 --> 00:20:19,310
za baada ya mzazi na si baada halisi yenyewe.

376
00:20:19,310 --> 00:20:21,680
Lakini wakati sisi ni coding, je, sisi kweli wanataka ni kweli kunyakua

377
00:20:21,680 --> 00:20:23,550
 mzazi baada ya yenyewe wakati mwingine.

378
00:20:23,550 --> 00:20:25,730
Nini kitu ramani ya uhusiano gani ni

379
00:20:25,730 --> 00:20:29,480
inachukua matokeo ya database swala

380
00:20:29,480 --> 00:20:32,420
na kuiweka katika vitu kwa ajili yenu, ambayo ni nicer kufanya kazi na

381
00:20:32,420 --> 00:20:34,770
kuliko arrays wazi na mistari.

382
00:20:34,770 --> 00:20:37,550
>> Kwa mfano, sasa wakati mimi kuwa na maoni labda,

383
00:20:37,550 --> 00:20:40,900
na mimi wanataka kunyakua mzazi baada ya yake,

384
00:20:40,900 --> 00:20:43,440
na mimi labda maoni arrow post,

385
00:20:43,440 --> 00:20:45,230
kisha itakuwa kweli nipe baada ya kitu

386
00:20:45,230 --> 00:20:47,940
sambamba na halisi mzazi post, baadhi si tu ID,

387
00:20:47,940 --> 00:20:52,210
ambayo napenda vinginevyo na kutumia na kufanya mwingine swala SQL kunyakua post,

388
00:20:52,210 --> 00:20:57,430
ambayo ni mbaya na ya lazima.

389
00:20:57,430 --> 00:21:01,840
Na zaidi, na ramani ya haya yote safu data katika vitu,

390
00:21:01,840 --> 00:21:03,760
unaweza pia ambatisha kazi zaidi kwa vitu,

391
00:21:03,760 --> 00:21:09,700
hivyo kwa mfano, mimi kuongea kuhusu jinsi madarasa ni kimsingi makundi ya kazi.

392
00:21:09,700 --> 00:21:11,620
Unaweza kufikiria ni kama hiyo.

393
00:21:11,620 --> 00:21:15,290
Kwa mfano, labda nina hii kitu post,

394
00:21:15,290 --> 00:21:17,830
na labda Ningependa kuwa na aina fulani ya kazi masharti hayo

395
00:21:17,830 --> 00:21:20,300
kwamba kimsingi anasema mimi ilikuwa ni hivi karibuni posted?

396
00:21:20,300 --> 00:21:23,570
Ilikuwa posted ndani ya wiki iliyopita, kweli au uongo?

397
00:21:23,570 --> 00:21:27,320
Na kwamba ni kazi mimi watachomeka kwenye kwamba kitu,

398
00:21:27,320 --> 00:21:31,300
na ni kweli rahisi kwa kuwa ni katika sehemu moja,

399
00:21:31,300 --> 00:21:33,820
na kuna mwenyeji wa kazi mbalimbali unaweza kuunda

400
00:21:33,820 --> 00:21:37,990
kwa vitu hivi, na ni nzuri kwa kweli kuwa na uwezo wa ambatisha darasani,

401
00:21:37,990 --> 00:21:41,700
kwa kitu, lakini kama wewe tu alikuwa safu kuja kutoka orodha yako,

402
00:21:41,700 --> 00:21:43,790
basi huwezi kweli ambatisha utendaji yoyote ile.

403
00:21:43,790 --> 00:21:47,850
Ni literally data tu.

404
00:21:47,850 --> 00:21:50,550
Maswali yoyote kuhusu kwamba wakati wote?

405
00:21:50,550 --> 00:21:52,710
ORMs ni maendeleo ya mtandao ya kawaida sana,

406
00:21:52,710 --> 00:21:56,330
na kuna mengi ya aina mbalimbali za ORMs,

407
00:21:56,330 --> 00:21:58,450
na Kohana ina ORM yake mwenyewe.

408
00:21:58,450 --> 00:22:05,050
Ni ya msingi sana, lakini utasikia kupata ladha ya nini inaonekana kama.

409
00:22:05,050 --> 00:22:08,780
>> Hebu kujenga mfano wa kuigwa kwa blog posts yetu,

410
00:22:08,780 --> 00:22:12,350
na jambo la kwanza sisi ni wazi haja ya kufanya ni kujenga meza halisi

411
00:22:12,350 --> 00:22:16,680
ndani ya database yetu kwa kweli kuhifadhi data yetu kwa ajili ya nafasi hizo.

412
00:22:16,680 --> 00:22:19,260
Jambo la kwanza mimi nina kwenda kufanya ni kwenda kwenye phpMyAdmin.

413
00:22:19,260 --> 00:22:21,410
Je, guys kutumika phpMyAdmin kabla?

414
00:22:21,410 --> 00:22:23,400
Sawa, kushangaza, hivyo nyie tayari kujua kwamba ni,

415
00:22:23,400 --> 00:22:32,200
na mimi nina kwenda kujenga meza mpya iitwayo Kohana Posts,

416
00:22:32,200 --> 00:22:37,820
na itakuja kuwa kweli rahisi.

417
00:22:37,820 --> 00:22:40,190
Mimi itabidi kuingia tena ndani

418
00:23:02,620 --> 00:23:04,640
Wote sisi ni kwenda kufanya leo ni kuwa na mwandishi na mwili,

419
00:23:04,640 --> 00:23:11,930
tu kuitunza rahisi.

420
00:23:11,930 --> 00:23:15,620
Mimi nina kwenda kujenga meza kwamba,

421
00:23:15,620 --> 00:23:19,620
na sasa sisi tu meza anayewakilisha nafasi yetu

422
00:23:19,620 --> 00:23:23,370
pamoja na mashamba 2 kwa ajili ya mwandishi wetu na mwili yetu.

423
00:23:23,370 --> 00:23:26,290
Kitu kingine Mimi kwenda kufanya sasa ni

424
00:23:26,290 --> 00:23:29,820
configure mtandao maombi yangu hivyo anajua jinsi ya kuungana na database,

425
00:23:29,820 --> 00:23:31,950
na hii, tena, ni kitu ambacho itabidi kufanya maombi yote mtandao.

426
00:23:31,950 --> 00:23:34,790
Mniambie ni user name na password

427
00:23:34,790 --> 00:23:36,990
na jina la database na kadhalika na kadhalika

428
00:23:36,990 --> 00:23:40,000
kufikiri jinsi ya kweli kuungana na database yako.

429
00:23:40,000 --> 00:23:58,710
>> Katika Kohana, tuna kitu kinachoitwa moduli database,

430
00:23:58,710 --> 00:24:02,690
na katika folder Configuration tuna folder hii inayoitwa Database,

431
00:24:02,690 --> 00:24:07,330
na kama unaweza kuona, kuna rundo la mazingira kuwa na kuweka hapa

432
00:24:07,330 --> 00:24:09,860
kuwaambia ni nini jina la mtumiaji na password

433
00:24:09,860 --> 00:24:13,110
kwa database ili niweze kweli kuungana na yake.

434
00:24:13,110 --> 00:24:15,010
Na kwa kuwa mimi sitaki wewe guys kwa kweli kujua

435
00:24:15,010 --> 00:24:17,190
user name na password ya database yangu,

436
00:24:17,190 --> 00:24:23,840
Nina file ambapo mimi tayari kuweka yote juu, na mimi nina kwenda nakala na kuweka juu.

437
00:24:33,080 --> 00:24:36,870
Kutisha.

438
00:24:36,870 --> 00:24:39,880
Sawa. Nadhani Configuration wote mimi haja ya kufanya,

439
00:24:39,880 --> 00:24:41,070
lakini hebu angalia.

440
00:24:41,070 --> 00:24:43,720
Tutaweza kuendelea kufanya kazi ndani yake, na kama kitu shambulio,

441
00:24:43,720 --> 00:24:47,490
basi tutaweza kurekebisha.

442
00:24:47,490 --> 00:24:51,830
Sasa nini mimi kwenda kufanya ni mimi nina kwenda kujenga mtawala mpya.

443
00:24:51,830 --> 00:24:53,190
Au kweli, sorry.

444
00:24:53,190 --> 00:24:55,080
Kwanza mimi na kujenga mtindo mpya.

445
00:24:55,080 --> 00:25:01,620
Mimi itabidi kujenga mfano wa kuigwa mpya iitwayo Post.php,

446
00:25:01,620 --> 00:25:12,440
na nini tunakwenda kufanya ni tunakwenda kuiita Model_Post darasa.

447
00:25:12,440 --> 00:25:15,390
Kupata baadhi syntax mwangaza juu,

448
00:25:15,390 --> 00:25:19,750
na hivyo wakati mimi kusema, "hadi ORM," kwamba kimsingi

449
00:25:19,750 --> 00:25:21,210
baadhi kitu-oriented zaidi programu,

450
00:25:21,210 --> 00:25:23,340
ambayo kwa bahati mbaya nyie si kujifunza katika CS50 bado,

451
00:25:23,340 --> 00:25:25,290
lakini ni rahisi sana pick up.

452
00:25:25,290 --> 00:25:27,950
Inanipa utendaji hii yote ya ziada kwamba anakuja katika mfuko huu ORM,

453
00:25:27,950 --> 00:25:31,120
na hivyo mimi kupata rundo la kazi ya ziada na mengineyo kwa ajili ya bure,

454
00:25:31,120 --> 00:25:34,810
ambayo utaona kidogo ya pili katika.

455
00:25:34,810 --> 00:25:37,670
>> Hivi sasa kweli wote mimi haja ya kufanya ni kujenga darasa hili.

456
00:25:37,670 --> 00:25:39,160
Mimi wala hata haja ya kufanya kazi yoyote au kitu chochote,

457
00:25:39,160 --> 00:25:41,770
lakini nimepata kuundwa darasa kwamba inawakilisha meza,

458
00:25:41,770 --> 00:25:44,140
na kwa sababu nimekuwa kupanuliwa darasa hili ORM,

459
00:25:44,140 --> 00:25:51,080
Mimi kupata rundo la vitu kwa ajili ya bure, hivyo kwa sasa huna kuweka kitu chochote zaidi up.

460
00:25:51,080 --> 00:25:53,530
Na sasa nini mimi kwenda kufanya ni mimi nina kwenda kujenga mtawala mpya,

461
00:25:53,530 --> 00:25:58,480
ambayo mimi nina kwenda kwa jina blog.php,

462
00:25:58,480 --> 00:26:04,350
na mimi nina kwenda nakala juu ya Karibu mtawala

463
00:26:04,350 --> 00:26:11,950
hivyo mimi si kuwa na rudia kuandika baadhi ya mambo,

464
00:26:11,950 --> 00:26:20,720
na sasa mimi na kubadili jina hili.

465
00:26:20,720 --> 00:26:24,710
Sasa nini mimi kwenda kufanya mtihani ili kuhakikisha kila kitu ni kufanya kazi nje,

466
00:26:24,710 --> 00:26:27,820
Mimi nina kwenda kunyakua kwanza baada ya kutoka orodha ya yangu

467
00:26:27,820 --> 00:26:32,680
na magazeti mwili wa baada ya juu screen.

468
00:26:32,680 --> 00:26:37,920
Kufanya hivyo nini mimi kwenda kufanya kwanza ni mimi nina kwenda kuokoa posts

469
00:26:37,920 --> 00:26:48,770
kwa kutofautiana hivyo nini tunakwenda kufanya ni -

470
00:26:48,770 --> 00:26:52,090
katika Kohana nini kufanya ni kunyakua baada ya kitu

471
00:26:52,090 --> 00:26:55,380
ni aina ya mbaya, lakini una kufanya hii kitu inayoitwa ORM :: kiwanda,

472
00:26:55,380 --> 00:26:57,750
na kisha kupita katika jina la mfano unataka,

473
00:26:57,750 --> 00:27:00,490
na kuirudisha ORM kitu kwamba inawakilisha mfano kwamba.

474
00:27:00,490 --> 00:27:04,860
Na kisha, kama nilivyosema, wakati sisi kupanua ORM kitu,

475
00:27:04,860 --> 00:27:07,320
sisi kupata njia haya yote kwa ajili ya bure, hivyo kwa mfano,

476
00:27:07,320 --> 00:27:09,200
sisi kupata kazi hii mpya iitwayo "kupata kila,"

477
00:27:09,200 --> 00:27:12,160
ambayo moja kwa moja anarudi kila baada ya moja katika database,

478
00:27:12,160 --> 00:27:14,850
ambayo ni pretty rahisi.

479
00:27:14,850 --> 00:27:17,480
>> Na sasa katika mwili mimi nina kwenda na kurudi

480
00:27:17,480 --> 00:27:24,860
baada ya kwanza na kurudi mwili wake.

481
00:27:24,860 --> 00:27:27,930
Na bila shaka, mimi haja ya kuunda post,

482
00:27:27,930 --> 00:27:31,880
hivyo hebu kuingiza baada ya mwezi.

483
00:27:31,880 --> 00:27:37,870
Mimi itabidi kusema, "Brandon, baada ya yangu ya kwanza kabisa."

484
00:27:37,870 --> 00:27:40,010
Kutisha.

485
00:27:40,010 --> 00:27:45,910
Na sasa sisi ni kwenda kwa blogs

486
00:27:45,910 --> 00:27:50,960
na kama wote kazi vizuri - oh, hii ni baadhi ya wengine kitu bubu file ruhusa tena.

487
00:27:50,960 --> 00:27:56,090
Kushikilia 1 pili. Ni aina ya ujinga.

488
00:28:06,700 --> 00:28:08,490
Kuna sisi kwenda. Sawa.

489
00:28:08,490 --> 00:28:10,040
Mimi fasta kuwa tatizo ruhusa.

490
00:28:10,040 --> 00:28:12,040
Ni kujaribu kujenga baadhi ya files na baadhi ya kumbukumbu,

491
00:28:12,040 --> 00:28:15,400
na ruhusa, tena, walikuwa si vizuri kuweka, hivyo mimi alifanya hivyo

492
00:28:15,400 --> 00:28:18,320
hivyo files hao walikuwa writable na kutekelezwa

493
00:28:18,320 --> 00:28:21,090
hivyo inaweza kweli kuingia kwa mambo.

494
00:28:21,090 --> 00:28:24,220
Sasa ni kunipa mwingine isipokuwa kusema, "darasa ORM si kupatikana,"

495
00:28:24,220 --> 00:28:26,960
na kwamba kwa sababu I forgot hatua nyingine.

496
00:28:26,960 --> 00:28:37,010
Hiyo ni mbaya sana.

497
00:28:37,010 --> 00:28:40,270
Katika bootstrap folder faili, kuna modules hizi hapa,

498
00:28:40,270 --> 00:28:42,480
ambayo unaweza kuchagua kuwawezesha au afya.

499
00:28:42,480 --> 00:28:44,340
Hizi ni rundo la makala mbalimbali ambazo unaweza kuchagua kutumia

500
00:28:44,340 --> 00:28:46,180
ndani ya Kohana, ambayo ni aina ya nice.

501
00:28:46,180 --> 00:28:49,090
>> Kwa mfano, wana moduli uthibitisho

502
00:28:49,090 --> 00:28:51,170
ambayo unaweza kutumia kwa authenticating watumiaji.

503
00:28:51,170 --> 00:28:53,390
Wao na Caching moduli kama unataka kutekeleza

504
00:28:53,390 --> 00:28:57,870
aina fulani ya Caching nyuma mwisho kufanya maombi kazi kwa kasi na mengineyo.

505
00:28:57,870 --> 00:29:02,140
Tunahitaji kuwawezesha database na ORM moduli,

506
00:29:02,140 --> 00:29:04,280
kwa sababu kama nilivyosema, sisi ni kutumia database, ni wazi,

507
00:29:04,280 --> 00:29:08,200
na sisi pia unahitaji kuwezesha ORM moduli,

508
00:29:08,200 --> 00:29:12,220
kwa sababu tunatarajia kuwa na utendaji ziada, ambayo ni nzuri na kuwa na.

509
00:29:12,220 --> 00:29:14,240
All I kufanya ni uncomment wale mistari 2,

510
00:29:14,240 --> 00:29:18,760
na sasa kama mimi mahitaji, alinipa kosa jingine.

511
00:29:18,760 --> 00:29:22,100
Inasema, "Hatari Model_Post si kupatikana."

512
00:29:22,100 --> 00:29:30,210
Sasa hili ni tatizo vizuri kuwa na.

513
00:29:30,210 --> 00:29:37,660
Hebu angalia.

514
00:29:37,660 --> 00:29:42,200
Kuifanya iwe ya umma.

515
00:29:42,200 --> 00:29:46,450
Hapana kushikilia.

516
00:30:11,610 --> 00:30:13,160
Oh, dear.

517
00:30:13,160 --> 00:30:18,590
Mimi sijui ni kwa nini siyo uwezo wa kupata hiyo.

518
00:30:18,590 --> 00:30:21,030
Hiyo ni kweli ya ajabu.

519
00:30:21,030 --> 00:30:23,820
Nina darasa haki hii hapa.

520
00:30:23,820 --> 00:30:28,650
Nadhani nipate kuwa na - oh.

521
00:30:28,650 --> 00:30:32,010
Mimi ni bubu. I forgot kuongeza PHP tag.

522
00:30:32,010 --> 00:30:34,670
Hiyo ni kwa nini.

523
00:30:34,670 --> 00:30:41,260
Sasa nina kuondoa kwamba 1 mabadiliko mimi tu alifanya.

524
00:30:41,260 --> 00:30:44,270
>> Sawa. Kuna sisi kwenda.

525
00:30:44,270 --> 00:30:47,500
Hiyo ilikuwa ni kweli silly. Sikuwa na ufunguzi PHP tag.

526
00:30:47,500 --> 00:30:49,900
Lakini kama unaweza kuona, sasa ni kazi vizuri, sawa?

527
00:30:49,900 --> 00:30:51,240
Tuna 1 post.

528
00:30:51,240 --> 00:30:54,730
Sisi grabbed baada ya kwanza, na sasa sisi kuchapishwa mwili wake.

529
00:30:54,730 --> 00:30:58,010
Kubwa. Ajabu.

530
00:30:58,010 --> 00:31:01,470
Maswali yoyote hadi sasa?

531
00:31:01,470 --> 00:31:04,100
Nope? Maswali yoyote?

532
00:31:04,100 --> 00:31:08,340
Sawa, hivyo sisi tu kuundwa baada ya mfano, ya msingi sana,

533
00:31:08,340 --> 00:31:10,930
na sisi ni kwenda kuongeza baadhi ya kazi baadaye.

534
00:31:10,930 --> 00:31:13,600
Tunaweza kuongeza validations na kuchuja.

535
00:31:13,600 --> 00:31:15,650
Validations ni moja ya mambo

536
00:31:15,650 --> 00:31:18,150
kuwa mifumo ya kutatua kwa kweli, kwa kweli vizuri,

537
00:31:18,150 --> 00:31:21,310
na sidhani nyie na kufanya hivyo kwa ajili CS50 yako pset,

538
00:31:21,310 --> 00:31:24,000
lakini kama wewe kufanya maendeleo ya mtandao kwa ajili ya mradi yako ya mwisho,

539
00:31:24,000 --> 00:31:26,280
wewe ni uwezekano wa kwenda unataka kufanya aina fulani ya uthibitisho,

540
00:31:26,280 --> 00:31:28,290
kama si kuwa na majina tupu user,

541
00:31:28,290 --> 00:31:31,950
labda kuwa na password kwa angalau baadhi ya urefu, mambo kama hayo.

542
00:31:31,950 --> 00:31:34,750
Na kwa kweli ni mbaya kutekeleza mambo haya na sisi wenyewe,

543
00:31:34,750 --> 00:31:37,390
na pretty much kila moja mfumo wa mtandao gani kwa ajili yenu

544
00:31:37,390 --> 00:31:41,140
na utapata kufanya hivyo kwa njia safi sana.

545
00:31:41,140 --> 00:31:44,340
Na mfano ni wapi huonyesha uthibitisho sheria hizo,

546
00:31:44,340 --> 00:31:48,790
kwa sababu ni kuhalalisha kama mfano ni halali au la.

547
00:31:48,790 --> 00:31:51,350
>> Lakini kwa sasa, sisi ni kwenda kuweka kwamba mpaka baadaye,

548
00:31:51,350 --> 00:31:53,520
na kwa sasa sisi ni kwenda kufanya kazi sehemu nyingine,

549
00:31:53,520 --> 00:31:55,400
na sisi ni kwenda kujaribu na kufanya mtazamo mpya

550
00:31:55,400 --> 00:31:59,580
kwamba orodha posts wote.

551
00:31:59,580 --> 00:32:02,490
hatua zinazohusika katika kufanya hatua mpya kwa orodha nafasi zote

552
00:32:02,490 --> 00:32:04,810
ni kwa kunyakua orodha ya nafasi zote

553
00:32:04,810 --> 00:32:11,990
na kisha kutoa orodha ya posts wote kwa njia ya maoni.

554
00:32:11,990 --> 00:32:16,420
Haki hapa, kwa bahati nzuri kutosha, sisi tayari grabbed nafasi zote

555
00:32:16,420 --> 00:32:20,310
kutumia line hii ya kwanza, kupata kazi wote,

556
00:32:20,310 --> 00:32:22,520
na sasa nini tunakwenda kufanya ni mbali

557
00:32:22,520 --> 00:32:25,350
Nimekuwa moja kwa moja kuweka mwili wa majibu

558
00:32:25,350 --> 00:32:29,090
kwa kupita kamba, lakini sasa nataka kutumia maoni,

559
00:32:29,090 --> 00:32:31,870
na tofauti kati ya mtazamo na kufanya tu hii

560
00:32:31,870 --> 00:32:35,330
ni kwa lengo la naweza kuwa na nzuri, kubwa HTML template,

561
00:32:35,330 --> 00:32:37,710
na nini siwezi kufanya ni kupita vigezo fulani

562
00:32:37,710 --> 00:32:42,200
na kisha kuwa na mtazamo moja kwa moja na idadi ya template yake

563
00:32:42,200 --> 00:32:44,690
kwa kutumia vigezo hizo.

564
00:32:44,690 --> 00:32:50,780
Nini la kufanya ni mimi itabidi kujenga mtazamo mpya,

565
00:32:50,780 --> 00:32:55,940
na mimi itabidi jina maoni kitu kama "blog / index,"

566
00:32:55,940 --> 00:33:08,480
na mimi nina kwenda kimsingi kumfunga hii - oh, je, Mimi kuandika?

567
00:33:08,480 --> 00:33:12,910
Ubongo wangu ni mahali pengine.

568
00:33:12,910 --> 00:33:16,600
Mimi naenda kumfunga posts kutofautiana kwa maoni,

569
00:33:16,600 --> 00:33:19,950
hivyo njia kwamba maoni wanapata hii variable post.

570
00:33:19,950 --> 00:33:26,140
>> Na hivyo sasa mimi haja ya kuunda mtazamo huu,

571
00:33:26,140 --> 00:33:28,500
hivyo hapa tuna folder hii inayoitwa "Views,"

572
00:33:28,500 --> 00:33:32,150
na kwanza, mimi nina kwenda kujenga folder mpya chini ya kwamba inayoitwa "Blog."

573
00:33:32,150 --> 00:33:35,810
Hii ni nzuri. Kwa njia hiyo tunaweza kuwa na nzuri uongozi wa kwa maoni yetu.

574
00:33:35,810 --> 00:33:43,910
Na kisha mimi nina kwenda kuunda faili mwingine huko inayoitwa "index.php."

575
00:33:43,910 --> 00:33:45,780
Kutisha.

576
00:33:45,780 --> 00:33:52,930
Kwa kweli, hebu kuwa wote wawili hapa.

577
00:33:52,930 --> 00:33:56,760
Kufanya mtazamo file pengine ni sehemu rahisi ya yote haya,

578
00:33:56,760 --> 00:33:59,090
na haya ni pengine mambo uko tayari familiar with.

579
00:33:59,090 --> 00:34:01,240
Sisi ni kwenda kufanya kitu kweli rahisi,

580
00:34:01,240 --> 00:34:05,360
kuanza kusema, "orodha yangu ya posts blog."

581
00:34:05,360 --> 00:34:14,860
Kisha tunaweza kwenda kwa,

582
00:34:14,860 --> 00:34:17,920
na tunaweza iterate kupitia posts safu,

583
00:34:17,920 --> 00:34:21,760
kunyakua kila baada ya moja na kusema kitu kama -

584
00:34:21,760 --> 00:34:25,290
labda kuongeza line

585
00:34:25,290 --> 00:34:42,460
na kisha magazeti nje mwandishi na mwili.

586
00:34:42,460 --> 00:34:44,480
Kwamba mantiki hadi sasa?

587
00:34:44,480 --> 00:34:50,870
Na hebu angalia kama ni kazi.

588
00:34:50,870 --> 00:34:53,489
Hakuna kilichotokea.

589
00:34:53,489 --> 00:34:55,090
Nashangaa kwa nini.

590
00:34:55,090 --> 00:34:58,760
Oh, mimi amekosa hatua 1. Sana silly yangu.

591
00:34:58,760 --> 00:35:01,640
Mimi umba maoni, lakini sikuweza kuweka maoni kama majibu,

592
00:35:01,640 --> 00:35:03,190
hivyo kuwa na kufanya kitu 1 zaidi.

593
00:35:03,190 --> 00:35:12,610
Una kufanya "hii mwili kukabiliana" na kuweka kuwa ni maoni.

594
00:35:12,610 --> 00:35:14,760
Kuna sisi kwenda.

595
00:35:14,760 --> 00:35:17,200
Tuna viongozi wetu, na kisha tuna post,

596
00:35:17,200 --> 00:35:20,500
na tu kwa ajili ya mateke, hebu kuingiza baada ya mwingine

597
00:35:20,500 --> 00:35:23,390
ili tuweze kuona orodha.

598
00:35:31,800 --> 00:35:36,650
Na kuingiza posts hizi 2,

599
00:35:36,650 --> 00:35:39,500
na sasa kama mimi mahitaji ukurasa,

600
00:35:39,500 --> 00:35:42,060
tunaona nyadhifa zote hizi hapa.

601
00:35:42,060 --> 00:35:44,250
>> Je, hiyo mantiki hadi sasa?

602
00:35:44,250 --> 00:35:46,400
Yeah, swali? Oh, okay.

603
00:35:46,400 --> 00:35:51,440
Kama unaweza kuona, tumekuwa na uwezo wa kutenganisha codes haya yote nje

604
00:35:51,440 --> 00:35:53,920
katika sehemu mbalimbali, na kisha unaweza kuona ni nyingi za wazi kwa lengo la code.

605
00:35:53,920 --> 00:35:57,810
Faili hili hapa kwamba inawakilisha maoni,

606
00:35:57,810 --> 00:36:01,220
ni tu wasiwasi kuhusu anayewakilisha data, kwa kuonyesha data.

607
00:36:01,220 --> 00:36:04,310
Ni anapata kupita baadhi ya aina ya data, na yote ni gani ni kuonyesha tu ni wewe.

608
00:36:04,310 --> 00:36:07,660
Katika maeneo mengine yote ya kanuni yako, huwezi kuwa na wasiwasi kuhusu yoyote ya kwamba,

609
00:36:07,660 --> 00:36:10,480
na vile vile, mtazamo code yako haina kuwa na wasiwasi chochote kuhusu

610
00:36:10,480 --> 00:36:13,390
jinsi ya kupata database na kadhalika na kadhalika,

611
00:36:13,390 --> 00:36:19,950
ambayo ni mzuri na hufanya code yako mengi maintainable zaidi.

612
00:36:19,950 --> 00:36:23,390
Kama nilivyosema, maoni, wao ni nguvu katika

613
00:36:23,390 --> 00:36:27,080
ni 1 file, lakini itakuwa kuzalisha maoni tofauti

614
00:36:27,080 --> 00:36:29,940
msingi vigezo kweli kupita katika,

615
00:36:29,940 --> 00:36:32,370
na zaidi ya hapo, kuna mengi ya kazi mbalimbali msaidizi

616
00:36:32,370 --> 00:36:34,230
kwamba unaweza kutumia kukusaidia kuandika code yako kwa kasi,

617
00:36:34,230 --> 00:36:36,320
ambayo mimi nitakuonyesha katika haki ya pili.

618
00:36:36,320 --> 00:36:38,050
Yeah.

619
00:36:38,050 --> 00:36:42,490
>> [Mwanafunzi] Hivyo $ 0 ni mtawala, sawa?

620
00:36:42,490 --> 00:36:44,000
Jambo la pili.

621
00:36:44,000 --> 00:36:46,090
swali ni ni $ 0 mtawala?

622
00:36:46,090 --> 00:36:48,610
$ 0 ni variable mimi kuundwa haki hapa.

623
00:36:48,610 --> 00:36:51,320
Mimi umba maoni ya kwanza. Mimi kwa ajili kwa baadhi ya kutofautiana.

624
00:36:51,320 --> 00:36:54,960
Kisha mimi kupita katika kazi hii, kuweka kama mwili ya majibu.

625
00:36:54,960 --> 00:36:57,260
Je, hiyo mantiki?

626
00:36:57,260 --> 00:37:02,200
[Mwanafunzi] Basi ni mtazamo :: kiwanda, ni maoni kama darasa

627
00:37:02,200 --> 00:37:06,610
au maktaba [inaudible] kiwanda kazi?

628
00:37:06,610 --> 00:37:10,640
swali ni kuhusu kazi maoni :: kiwanda,

629
00:37:10,640 --> 00:37:14,020
na kimsingi hii ni baadhi ya kitu-oriented zaidi programu kimsingi.

630
00:37:14,020 --> 00:37:18,000
View ni mtazamo darasa, na ina njia inayoitwa "Kiwanda,"

631
00:37:18,000 --> 00:37:24,170
na hiyo ndiyo njia kunyakua kitu ambacho jina lake "blog / index."

632
00:37:24,170 --> 00:37:27,140
Na kwamba baadhi ya zaidi kitu-oriented programu mambo

633
00:37:27,140 --> 00:37:33,010
kwamba mimi si kwenda ndani ya hapa sana.

634
00:37:33,010 --> 00:37:36,400
Sasa ni wazi, tunataka kujenga posts mpya,

635
00:37:36,400 --> 00:37:38,790
lakini hatutaki kuwa na kufanya hivyo kwa njia database,

636
00:37:38,790 --> 00:37:41,280
hivyo sisi ni kwenda kujenga hatua mpya kwa ajili ya kujenga baada ya mwezi,

637
00:37:41,280 --> 00:37:43,050
na kuna mengi ya mambo sisi kufanya.

638
00:37:43,050 --> 00:37:45,910
>> Jambo la kwanza tunakwenda kufanya - hebu kukabiliana na mambo haya moja kwa moja.

639
00:37:45,910 --> 00:37:48,320
Jambo la kwanza tutaweza kufanya ni sisi tumepewa kujenga aina

640
00:37:48,320 --> 00:37:54,460
kwa ajili ya kuingiza post mpya,

641
00:37:54,460 --> 00:37:57,360
lakini nina pia kwenda kuongeza hatua mpya ya kwanza,

642
00:37:57,360 --> 00:38:01,050
hivyo kuongeza hatua mpya ni rahisi tu kama kama

643
00:38:01,050 --> 00:38:03,490
kuongeza kazi mpya na mtawala yako,

644
00:38:03,490 --> 00:38:13,710
na kwa sasa mimi nina kwenda kufanya kitu ya msingi sana,

645
00:38:13,710 --> 00:38:20,850
kunyakua tu mtazamo huu na baada yake, tu kuonyesha ni kwa ajili yenu.

646
00:38:20,850 --> 00:38:26,220
Na kisha sasa mimi naenda kujenga mpya maoni file,

647
00:38:26,220 --> 00:38:33,690
na mimi nina kwenda kuanza kuandika baadhi ya mambo.

648
00:38:33,690 --> 00:38:36,540
Nini ni nzuri juu ya Kohana ni kwamba wao kutoa mengi ya kazi mbalimbali msaidizi

649
00:38:36,540 --> 00:38:38,790
kwa wewe kuandika maoni code kwa urahisi zaidi,

650
00:38:38,790 --> 00:38:41,970
na 1 ya kazi hizo msaidizi au modules msaidizi

651
00:38:41,970 --> 00:38:45,860
ni karibu kuandika fomu.

652
00:38:45,860 --> 00:38:49,460
Kwa ajili ya kuandika fomu, mimi si kweli kuwa moja kwa moja kuandika HTML yoyote mwenyewe.

653
00:38:49,460 --> 00:38:51,100
You guys wameandika aina HTML.

654
00:38:51,100 --> 00:38:54,850
Unajua jinsi gani inaweza kuwa kweli, kweli chungu na mbaya kuandika fomu.

655
00:38:54,850 --> 00:38:59,970
Siyo furaha, hivyo bahati nzuri,

656
00:38:59,970 --> 00:39:04,860
tunaweza kimsingi kuandika fomu kwa kutumia Kohana ya

657
00:39:04,860 --> 00:39:11,190
kuunda kazi msaidizi wa kufanya hivyo kwa ajili yetu.

658
00:39:11,190 --> 00:39:17,340
Tunakwenda kimsingi wana mashamba kwa kila jambo moja sisi,

659
00:39:17,340 --> 00:39:23,160
hivyo moja kwa waandishi na moja kwa ajili ya miili.

660
00:39:23,160 --> 00:39:27,090
Tunakwenda na studio, na tunakwenda na pembejeo.

661
00:39:37,450 --> 00:39:41,360
>> Na kisha hatimaye, tunakwenda na kuwasilisha.

662
00:39:49,350 --> 00:39:52,230
Na kama unaweza kuona, hii ni safi sana kuandika

663
00:39:52,230 --> 00:39:58,150
kuliko ile HTML messy wote, ambayo ni aina ya nice.

664
00:39:58,150 --> 00:40:00,930
Kwa kweli, kuna mifumo nyingine mtandao kuwa na hata safi zaidi ya kwamba,

665
00:40:00,930 --> 00:40:04,440
lakini angalau hii ni bora kuliko kuandika HTML mwenyewe.

666
00:40:09,400 --> 00:40:11,130
Ajabu, hivyo hii ni nini kuona.

667
00:40:11,130 --> 00:40:13,530
Hiyo ni aina ya messy,

668
00:40:13,530 --> 00:40:19,720
hivyo mimi nina kwenda kuongeza line mapumziko huko

669
00:40:19,720 --> 00:40:21,180
kufanya ili kuangalia kidogo nzuri.

670
00:40:21,180 --> 00:40:23,330
Naam, bila shaka, bado inaonekana kweli, kweli mbaya, lakini sisi ni tu kulenga

671
00:40:23,330 --> 00:40:26,050
juu ya utendaji kwa sasa na si juu ya aesthetics.

672
00:40:26,050 --> 00:40:28,010
Hakuna muda wa kufanya kila kitu.

673
00:40:28,010 --> 00:40:30,600
Na kama unaweza kuona, kwa sasa tuna aina super msingi,

674
00:40:30,600 --> 00:40:32,080
ambayo ni aina ya nice.

675
00:40:32,080 --> 00:40:36,730
Kanuni hii napenda kusema ni safi kuliko kujaribu kuandika HTML kuunda mwenyewe,

676
00:40:36,730 --> 00:40:40,290
hivyo kwamba ni nzuri.

677
00:40:40,290 --> 00:40:42,030
Nini hapo?

678
00:40:42,030 --> 00:40:49,260
Sasa tunahitaji kufanya mambo kwa vitendo.

679
00:40:49,260 --> 00:40:51,240
Kwa kawaida wakati wa kuandika aina HTML,

680
00:40:51,240 --> 00:40:54,070
mniambie ambako kwenda kuwasilisha fomu kwa.

681
00:40:54,070 --> 00:40:56,050
By default katika mfumo wa mtandao zaidi,

682
00:40:56,050 --> 00:40:58,200
ni elekeza kwa halisi URL huo, hivyo kitu ni,

683
00:40:58,200 --> 00:41:01,310
kama kutuma kupata ombi / blog / mpya,

684
00:41:01,310 --> 00:41:03,240
ni lazima kuonyesha wewe fomu,

685
00:41:03,240 --> 00:41:06,810
lakini kama wewe kutuma maombi ya posta / blog / mpya na data,

686
00:41:06,810 --> 00:41:10,000
ni lazima kweli kujaribu kuokoa baada ya kuwa

687
00:41:10,000 --> 00:41:13,300
na kufanya kitu kwa hayo.

688
00:41:20,630 --> 00:41:22,180
>> Nini sisi ni kwenda kufanya ni

689
00:41:22,180 --> 00:41:25,320
kimsingi wote tuna kufanya kuangalia kama ni ombi posta au kupata ombi

690
00:41:25,320 --> 00:41:29,350
ni kuangalia nini ni vigezo baada unaweza kuweka.

691
00:41:29,350 --> 00:41:34,560
Na kama baada ya kutofautiana ni kuweka, basi sisi ni kwenda kujaribu na kujenga baada ya mwezi.

692
00:41:34,560 --> 00:41:38,440
Tena, sisi tu kufanya hivyo,

693
00:41:38,440 --> 00:41:41,090
na kwamba inajenga baada ya mwezi, na sisi ni literally kwenda

694
00:41:41,090 --> 00:41:51,150
kuweka mashamba yake kama hii,

695
00:41:51,150 --> 00:41:55,640
na kisha tunakwenda kuokoa yake.

696
00:41:55,640 --> 00:41:59,200
Na kisha mimi nina kwenda kuelekeza

697
00:41:59,200 --> 00:42:07,660
kwa ukurasa index ili waweze kuona orodha ya posts tena.

698
00:42:07,660 --> 00:42:09,620
Hebu jaribu hilo.

699
00:42:09,620 --> 00:42:15,160
Mimi itabidi kusema, "Brandon,"

700
00:42:15,160 --> 00:42:18,140
na kisha kuwasilisha post, na kama yote inakwenda vizuri,

701
00:42:18,140 --> 00:42:21,390
kama unaweza kuona, itaelekezwa mimi ukurasa index,

702
00:42:21,390 --> 00:42:24,140
na kama mimi kitabu chini, tuna baada wapya kuingizwa.

703
00:42:24,140 --> 00:42:26,430
Yay!

704
00:42:26,430 --> 00:42:28,430
Yeah, swali.

705
00:42:28,430 --> 00:42:31,760
>> [Mwanafunzi] Je, kama wewe iliingia halisi kitu kimoja

706
00:42:31,760 --> 00:42:33,380
aliingia kabla?

707
00:42:33,380 --> 00:42:36,950
Je, ni kuangalia kuhakikisha kuwa si kurudiwa kwa

708
00:42:36,950 --> 00:42:38,810
kuwasilisha sawa?

709
00:42:38,810 --> 00:42:41,660
Kuwa default, hapana, kwa sababu kwa makosa -

710
00:42:41,660 --> 00:42:46,470
sorry, swali ni kama wewe kuingia katika exact data katika fomu

711
00:42:46,470 --> 00:42:50,180
na kuwasilisha kwamba, itakuwa ni kuruhusu kuingiza kitu duplicate,

712
00:42:50,180 --> 00:42:52,550
a kurudia kuingia, kimsingi?

713
00:42:52,550 --> 00:42:54,070
Hivi sasa, ndiyo, ni itawawezesha kufanya hivyo,

714
00:42:54,070 --> 00:42:58,860
kwa sababu katika database ni kikamilifu halali na safu duplicate kabisa,

715
00:42:58,860 --> 00:43:02,260
lakini kama ni wasiwasi, basi unaweza kuongeza validations, kwa mfano,

716
00:43:02,260 --> 00:43:06,430
kuhakikisha kwamba kama hii ni sawa kama kitu ambacho tayari ipo,

717
00:43:06,430 --> 00:43:08,720
kisha kusema kwamba ni kitu batili,

718
00:43:08,720 --> 00:43:11,200
na kisha unaweza hata kutaja ujumbe wako makosa

719
00:43:11,200 --> 00:43:14,390
na kusema, "batili kwa sababu hili tayari lipo" au kitu kama hicho.

720
00:43:14,390 --> 00:43:22,420
Lakini katika kesi hii, mimi nilikuwa tu kujenga kitu duplicate.

721
00:43:22,420 --> 00:43:26,010
Sasa hebu jaribu na kuongeza baadhi ya validations.

722
00:43:26,010 --> 00:43:30,400
tatizo na hii sasa hivi ni kwamba

723
00:43:30,400 --> 00:43:34,220
Mimi naweza literally kuwasilisha baada tupu kabisa.

724
00:43:34,220 --> 00:43:37,500
Siwezi bonyeza kifungo haki hii sasa, na kuna sisi kwenda.

725
00:43:37,500 --> 00:43:40,290
Unaweza si kweli kuona hivyo, lakini line hii ya ziada hapa

726
00:43:40,290 --> 00:43:43,830
inaonyesha kwamba mimi literally na baada ya mwezi.

727
00:43:43,830 --> 00:43:46,050
Ni tu ana mwandishi tupu na mwili tupu,

728
00:43:46,050 --> 00:43:48,630
na hatutaki kuruhusu watu kufanya hivyo.

729
00:43:48,630 --> 00:43:52,550
Hii ni pale ambapo uthibitisho anakuja in

730
00:43:52,550 --> 00:43:57,540
>> Naweza kwenda mfano wangu kitu,

731
00:43:57,540 --> 00:43:59,530
na sasa naweza kuongeza kazi mpya kwamba unasema

732
00:43:59,530 --> 00:44:02,000
nini uthibitisho sheria ni lazima kuongeza kwa mtindo huu

733
00:44:02,000 --> 00:44:06,840
kuhakikisha kwamba ni halali au kutaja ni nini maana ya kuwa baada ya halali?

734
00:44:06,840 --> 00:44:10,210
Na mimi nataka kusema ni tu baada ya halali kama wote wawili mwandishi na mwili

735
00:44:10,210 --> 00:44:15,150
si tupu, na hii ni jinsi ya kufanya hivyo katika Kohana.

736
00:44:15,150 --> 00:44:18,750
Kujenga kazi mpya iitwayo "Kanuni,"

737
00:44:18,750 --> 00:44:20,210
na kisha wewe kimsingi kurudi safu associative

738
00:44:20,210 --> 00:44:24,230
amefafanua kuwa uthibitisho sheria kwa ajili ya hii kitu.

739
00:44:24,230 --> 00:44:27,530
Sisi ni kwenda na kurudi safu, na kisha nini tunakwenda kufanya ni

740
00:44:27,530 --> 00:44:32,820
kusema "mwandishi," unaendelea na safu,

741
00:44:32,820 --> 00:44:37,720
ambayo inakwenda safu mwingine aitwaye "si tupu."

742
00:44:37,720 --> 00:44:41,480
Na kisha mimi nina kwenda kusema "mwili."

743
00:44:50,980 --> 00:44:54,120
Okay, na syntax kwa hii na muundo kwa hii

744
00:44:54,120 --> 00:44:56,530
inaweza kuangalia mbaya kidogo na ngumu kidogo.

745
00:44:56,530 --> 00:44:59,330
Kama unaweza kusoma nyaraka, ni pretty moja kwa moja kwa kufikiri,

746
00:44:59,330 --> 00:45:02,500
Lakini kimsingi hii ni nini unahitaji kufanya kutaja

747
00:45:02,500 --> 00:45:04,130
baadhi ya sheria uthibitisho, na kuna mengi ya sheria mbalimbali

748
00:45:04,130 --> 00:45:06,810
kwamba Kohana nitakupa kwa ajili ya bure, kama unaweza kuongeza sheria kwa kusema

749
00:45:06,810 --> 00:45:08,410
ni lazima angalau urefu huu.

750
00:45:08,410 --> 00:45:11,800
Labda ina kuwa nambari. Labda ina kuwa alpha nambari.

751
00:45:11,800 --> 00:45:14,410
Labda ina kuwa saa zaidi urefu huu, kadhalika na kadhalika.

752
00:45:14,410 --> 00:45:17,730
Kuna mengi ya sheria mbalimbali ambayo Kohana hutoa kwa ajili yenu,

753
00:45:17,730 --> 00:45:19,610
na unaweza kwenda kwenye tovuti yao, kuangalia nyaraka,

754
00:45:19,610 --> 00:45:23,150
na unaweza kuona vitu vyote mbalimbali ambazo unaweza kufanya.

755
00:45:23,150 --> 00:45:25,650
>> Lakini hii yote ni mimi kufanya,

756
00:45:25,650 --> 00:45:30,490
na sasa hebu angalia nini kinatokea

757
00:45:30,490 --> 00:45:34,060
kama mimi kuwasilisha baada tupu.

758
00:45:34,060 --> 00:45:36,960
Nini kinaendelea kutokea? Oh, no, mimi kupata kosa.

759
00:45:36,960 --> 00:45:39,440
Mimi kupata uthibitisho ubaguzi.

760
00:45:39,440 --> 00:45:41,070
Naam, ni nzuri.

761
00:45:41,070 --> 00:45:43,200
Ni aliniambia kuwa mfano wangu ni batili,

762
00:45:43,200 --> 00:45:45,780
lakini mimi sitaki kuonyesha ubaguzi

763
00:45:45,780 --> 00:45:48,720
kwa watumiaji yangu wakati wao kujaribu kuwasilisha kitu batili, sawa?

764
00:45:48,720 --> 00:45:51,560
Mimi nataka kuwapa aina fulani ya ujumbe friendlier makosa

765
00:45:51,560 --> 00:45:53,610
wakati kitu fulani kitaenda vibaya.

766
00:45:53,610 --> 00:46:01,830
Nini tunakwenda kufanya ni tunakwenda

767
00:46:01,830 --> 00:46:04,490
kufuta kila kitu katika kujaribu kupata kitanzi.

768
00:46:04,490 --> 00:46:06,750
Kweli, nadhani hii pia ni kitu una si kujifunza lakini

769
00:46:06,750 --> 00:46:10,820
katika CS50, kwa sababu C, lugha ya programu C,

770
00:46:10,820 --> 00:46:14,000
hana tofauti, lakini karibu kila moja lugha nyingine

771
00:46:14,000 --> 00:46:16,700
ina tofauti, hivyo kweli, kwa kweli kwa ufupi,

772
00:46:16,700 --> 00:46:19,430
isipokuwa ni kitu ambacho kipande ya maadili ya unaweza

773
00:46:19,430 --> 00:46:21,430
kutupa ubaguzi wakati kitu fulani kitaenda vibaya,

774
00:46:21,430 --> 00:46:23,410
lakini kisha labda baadhi sehemu nyingine ya maadili ya juu juu

775
00:46:23,410 --> 00:46:25,810
unaweza kupata kwamba ubaguzi na kufanya kitu kwa hayo.

776
00:46:25,810 --> 00:46:27,710
>> Kwa mfano, katika kesi hii,

777
00:46:27,710 --> 00:46:29,940
kipande ya kificho kwamba ni kujaribu kuokoa mfano,

778
00:46:29,940 --> 00:46:33,170
ni linatambulisha mfano, na kama anasema, "Sawa, mtindo huu ni batili,"

779
00:46:33,170 --> 00:46:36,150
ni kwenda kutupa ubaguzi, na hii ni aina ya sawa na

780
00:46:36,150 --> 00:46:39,870
katika C unaweza kurudi -1 au kitu kama hicho.

781
00:46:39,870 --> 00:46:42,320
Na kisha kwa ajili yangu, kazi hii, kanuni yangu

782
00:46:42,320 --> 00:46:46,310
katika ngazi ya juu, naweza kujaribu na kukamata kwamba ubaguzi

783
00:46:46,310 --> 00:46:49,330
na kimsingi kusema, "Sawa, kama mimi kupata ubaguzi, je, Mimi naenda kufanya nini?"

784
00:46:49,330 --> 00:46:51,570
Au mimi naweza kuchagua kukamata kwamba ubaguzi na basi mtu juu juu

785
00:46:51,570 --> 00:46:54,400
kupata ubaguzi, au kama hakuna upatikanaji wa samaki,

786
00:46:54,400 --> 00:46:56,820
kisha mpango mzima shambulio na anasema,

787
00:46:56,820 --> 00:46:59,170
"Kitu potoka, na sikuweza kushughulikia hilo."

788
00:46:59,170 --> 00:47:04,490
>> Lakini nini cha kufanya ni wewe wrap kipande wa kanuni katika kuzuia kujaribu,

789
00:47:04,490 --> 00:47:09,030
na kisha pia kuongeza kitu kinachoitwa kuzuia samaki,

790
00:47:09,030 --> 00:47:17,300
ambayo ni aina ya kificho kwamba kujaribu na kukamata isipokuwa ambayo yanaweza kutokea.

791
00:47:17,300 --> 00:47:20,430
Na hivyo kama mimi kupata hii isipokuwa hasa

792
00:47:20,430 --> 00:47:23,110
au invalidation ubaguzi, kisha nini mimi kwenda kufanya ni

793
00:47:23,110 --> 00:47:31,210
Mimi nina kwenda kuweka makosa - nadhani hiyo ni jinsi mimi kufanya hivyo -

794
00:47:31,210 --> 00:47:35,370
na mimi nina kwenda kuweka makosa kwa baadhi kitu.

795
00:47:35,370 --> 00:47:40,920
Na kisha nini mimi kwenda kufanya ni kama ni hits ubaguzi hii,

796
00:47:40,920 --> 00:47:43,090
si kwenda kwa kuelekeza, na kama haina kuelekeza,

797
00:47:43,090 --> 00:47:46,160
itakuja kuja nje ya kama blog

798
00:47:46,160 --> 00:47:49,920
na kugonga blog hii / mpya, ambayo ni unataka nataka kufanya.

799
00:47:49,920 --> 00:47:53,190
Kama kuna upotofu, kisha Mimi nataka kwenda nyuma fomu

800
00:47:53,190 --> 00:47:55,100
na kuonyesha makosa hayo.

801
00:47:55,100 --> 00:48:00,780
Sasa nini nataka kufanya ni nataka kupita katika makosa hayo

802
00:48:00,780 --> 00:48:07,010
kwa mtazamo.

803
00:48:07,010 --> 00:48:10,360
Okay, nadhani kuwa na mtazamo sahihi hapa,

804
00:48:10,360 --> 00:48:14,660
na kimsingi mimi wanataka kuonyesha makosa hayo kama zipo.

805
00:48:14,660 --> 00:48:19,740
Kabla ya kuandika HTML kwa hiyo, mimi nina kwenda kweli haraka

806
00:48:19,740 --> 00:48:21,720
kuonyesha nini muundo wa makosa hii inaonekana kutofautiana kama,

807
00:48:21,720 --> 00:48:23,080
na hii ni mazoezi mazuri kwa ujumla.

808
00:48:23,080 --> 00:48:25,070
mara nyingi kupata kitu nyuma kutoka kwenye njia fulani,

809
00:48:25,070 --> 00:48:27,250
baadhi ya kazi katika mfumo wa mtandao,

810
00:48:27,250 --> 00:48:29,410
na hawajui nini variable inaonekana kama,

811
00:48:29,410 --> 00:48:31,210
hivyo hawajui jinsi ya kufanya kazi nayo.

812
00:48:31,210 --> 00:48:37,790
Mimi naenda kutumia njia magazeti r kimsingi magazeti nje.

813
00:48:37,790 --> 00:48:41,100
>> Na kama unaweza kuona, anasema mimi ni safu msaidizi,

814
00:48:41,100 --> 00:48:44,880
na una muhimu, mwandishi, pointi kwa kamba hii,

815
00:48:44,880 --> 00:48:47,050
mwandishi lazima kuwa tupu, na mwingine muhimu, mwili,

816
00:48:47,050 --> 00:48:49,680
pointi kwa kamba mwingine, mwili lazima kuwa tupu.

817
00:48:49,680 --> 00:48:52,130
Mimi kama, okay, cool.

818
00:48:52,130 --> 00:48:56,230
Basi naweza iterate kupitia safu na magazeti nje ya kila ujumbe mmoja.

819
00:48:56,230 --> 00:49:02,150
Ni kimsingi kama safu associative pamoja na kundi la ujumbe.

820
00:49:02,150 --> 00:49:13,500
Nini mimi kwenda kufanya ni "ikiwa makosa,"

821
00:49:13,500 --> 00:49:17,140
na mimi nina kwenda kuunda orodha unordered,

822
00:49:17,140 --> 00:49:20,860
na mimi nina kwenda iterate kupitia makosa yote.

823
00:49:33,730 --> 00:49:38,710
Na hii, na sasa mimi nina kwenda kujaribu kuwasilisha hii tena,

824
00:49:38,710 --> 00:49:41,200
na hebu angalia nini sisi kupata.

825
00:49:41,200 --> 00:49:45,370
Sasa sisi kupata hii orodha nzuri ya makosa,

826
00:49:45,370 --> 00:49:48,630
na hii ni bado pretty mbaya, lakini hii ni wazi inaweza mpangilio kuangalia nzuri,

827
00:49:48,630 --> 00:49:51,620
lakini wazo la msingi ni katika mistari michache ya kificho,

828
00:49:51,620 --> 00:49:53,720
tulikuwa na uwezo wa kuhalalisha mtindo wetu,

829
00:49:53,720 --> 00:49:56,510
kuhakikisha kwamba baadhi ya mashamba walikuwa si tupu,

830
00:49:56,510 --> 00:49:59,740
na kama kitu potoka, kisha kurudi aina fulani ya ujumbe wa makosa

831
00:49:59,740 --> 00:50:01,760
Mimi naweza kisha kuwasilisha nyuma kwa mtumiaji.

832
00:50:01,760 --> 00:50:03,910
Unaweza pia Customize uthibitisho yako

833
00:50:03,910 --> 00:50:07,590
ili uweze kweli kuwa ujumbe wa makosa

834
00:50:07,590 --> 00:50:09,620
kwamba ni maalum zaidi kwa maombi yako au kitu kama hicho.

835
00:50:09,620 --> 00:50:14,600
Yote ni kwa ujumla customizable.

836
00:50:14,600 --> 00:50:17,150
>> Kwa bahati mbaya, sisi ni mbio nje ya muda,

837
00:50:17,150 --> 00:50:20,040
hivyo mimi nina kwenda kuwa na kukatwa kuishi coding kikao hapa.

838
00:50:20,040 --> 00:50:22,980
Kuna kundi la makala nyingine kwamba mimi nataka kuonyesha kwa ajili yenu

839
00:50:22,980 --> 00:50:25,650
katika mfano huu.

840
00:50:25,650 --> 00:50:27,620
Kwa mfano, unaweza kuongeza templates kwenye tovuti yako,

841
00:50:27,620 --> 00:50:31,110
hivyo labda kuna aina fulani ya HTML kificho kwamba unataka kuomba

842
00:50:31,110 --> 00:50:35,190
kwa kila ukurasa moja katika tovuti yako, na badala ya pasting kwamba

843
00:50:35,190 --> 00:50:40,630
katika kila moja mtazamo file una, ambayo ni wazi itakuwa mila mbaya,

844
00:50:40,630 --> 00:50:43,020
unaweza kimsingi kufafanua templates haya,

845
00:50:43,020 --> 00:50:46,660
na kisha katika mtawala wako kusema, "Sawa, mimi nina kutumia template hii."

846
00:50:46,660 --> 00:50:50,130
"Je, maoni yangu wote kutumia template hii."

847
00:50:50,130 --> 00:50:52,470
Na jambo moja la mwisho nataka kuonyesha na wewe pia

848
00:50:52,470 --> 00:50:57,800
kwamba hatuna wakati kwa ni msalaba-site scripting,

849
00:50:57,800 --> 00:51:01,430
na kimsingi nadhani guys pengine kuonekana katika CS50 -

850
00:51:01,430 --> 00:51:03,770
Nadhani David Malan pengine walizungumzia jinsi unaweza kawaida kuingiza

851
00:51:03,770 --> 00:51:08,040
JavaScript kificho katika - na wewe aliyesema kuhusu hili?

852
00:51:08,040 --> 00:51:10,220
Labda? Labda si?

853
00:51:10,220 --> 00:51:12,670
>> Lakini mara nyingi unaweza kuingiza malicious JavaScript code

854
00:51:12,670 --> 00:51:15,630
katika orodha ya mtu, na kama hawana kuepuka hayo vizuri,

855
00:51:15,630 --> 00:51:18,280
kisha wakati wao sasa data kwamba nyuma ya user,

856
00:51:18,280 --> 00:51:21,310
basi inaweza kuendesha aina fulani ya random JavaScript code hawataki kutokea,

857
00:51:21,310 --> 00:51:23,050
na mimi alikuwa anaenda kuonyesha jinsi wewe d kufanya hivyo ndani ya Kohana.

858
00:51:23,050 --> 00:51:25,380
Ni kweli kweli, kweli ni rahisi.

859
00:51:25,380 --> 00:51:31,920
Mimi naweza kufanya hivyo hivi sasa katika sekunde 2 literally.

860
00:51:31,920 --> 00:51:34,560
Wote una kufanya ni kimsingi kufuta mambo haya

861
00:51:34,560 --> 00:51:46,920
katika hii kitu inayoitwa vyombo HTML.

862
00:51:46,920 --> 00:51:51,180
Na ambayo moja kwa moja kutoroka wahusika wote vizuri

863
00:51:51,180 --> 00:51:54,730
na kuhakikisha hawapati tatizo hili.

864
00:51:54,730 --> 00:51:57,220
[Mwanafunzi] Wewe yameandikwa mtihani wa kwanza kimakosa.

865
00:51:57,220 --> 00:52:01,030
[Brandon Liu] Oh, oops.

866
00:52:01,030 --> 00:52:06,420
>> Okay, kwamba ni yote Mimi nilikuwa na kushiriki na wewe kwa leo.

867
00:52:06,420 --> 00:52:09,930
Slides hizi ni kwenda kuwa posted, lakini haya ni kwa ujumla

868
00:52:09,930 --> 00:52:13,900
rasilimali tu unapaswa kweli wanahitaji kupata ilianza na Kohana.

869
00:52:13,900 --> 00:52:16,770
Unaweza kwenda kwenye tovuti. Wao na user mwongozo, na wao pia na API Explorer.

870
00:52:16,770 --> 00:52:20,630
Tunaweza kuchunguza yote kazi mbalimbali na kazi msaidizi wao na kwa ajili yenu.

871
00:52:20,630 --> 00:52:22,070
Wao kwa ujumla na taarifa za kutosha juu ya tovuti

872
00:52:22,070 --> 00:52:25,310
kwamba unaweza kutumia kuanza na kupata kwenda kwa Kohana.

873
00:52:25,310 --> 00:52:30,840
Kuna tutorials kwamba wengi, nadhani, kwa Kohana, nje ya

874
00:52:30,840 --> 00:52:33,880
waliyo kuwa kwenye tovuti hapa, hivyo hii ni pengine bet wako bora.

875
00:52:33,880 --> 00:52:35,600
Lakini kama unataka kwenda na mfumo wa mtandao

876
00:52:35,600 --> 00:52:37,120
na hawataki kuwa na kuchukua lugha mpya,

877
00:52:37,120 --> 00:52:39,780
na unataka kitu ambacho ni kiasi lightweight na ina rahisi kujifunza Curve,

878
00:52:39,780 --> 00:52:41,570
Napenda dhahiri kupendekeza Kohana.

879
00:52:41,570 --> 00:52:44,040
Kwamba pengine sadaka bora kwa ajili hiyo.

880
00:52:44,040 --> 00:52:46,830
kitu funny, ingawa, ni kama tungetumia Ruby juu ya reli,

881
00:52:46,830 --> 00:52:48,550
tunaweza kuwa na kuigwa nini sisi tu alifanya

882
00:52:48,550 --> 00:52:51,430
na pengine zaidi katika chini ya dakika 3.

883
00:52:51,430 --> 00:52:54,710
No utani, lakini kujifunza Ruby juu ya reli inachukua muda mrefu sana

884
00:52:54,710 --> 00:52:56,780
kuliko itachukua kujifunza Kohana.

885
00:52:56,780 --> 00:52:58,840
Ni kimsingi uchaguzi wako juu ya nini unataka kuchagua kujifunza,

886
00:52:58,840 --> 00:53:01,260
lakini kama unataka kuamka na kukimbia haraka,

887
00:53:01,260 --> 00:53:03,870
Kohana ni dhahiri uchaguzi nzuri sana.

888
00:53:03,870 --> 00:53:06,730
>> Maswali yoyote mwisho kabla ya sisi mwisho? Ndiyo.

889
00:53:06,730 --> 00:53:08,020
[Mwanafunzi] jinsi gani sisi kuunganisha kwamba

890
00:53:08,020 --> 00:53:13,120
katika mfumo wa CSS kama ungekuwa kutumia wakati walikuwa kuwafundisha?

891
00:53:13,120 --> 00:53:16,700
swali ni jinsi gani sisi kuunganisha kwamba pamoja na mfumo wa CSS?

892
00:53:16,700 --> 00:53:18,740
Nini tunataka pengine kufanya ni sisi pengine ni pamoja na

893
00:53:18,740 --> 00:53:21,090
folder mpya ambapo tunataka dampo yetu mafaili yote CSS,

894
00:53:21,090 --> 00:53:23,010
na kisha tunatarajia pia kuongeza template mpya.

895
00:53:23,010 --> 00:53:26,090
Katika template tunatarajia ni pamoja na files wale CSS

896
00:53:26,090 --> 00:53:28,410
ili kuhakikisha kuwa ni inatazamwa juu ya kila ukurasa moja,

897
00:53:28,410 --> 00:53:32,220
na kisha wakati wewe kweli ni kuandika HTML,

898
00:53:32,220 --> 00:53:34,010
wewe tu kuongeza madarasa sahihi na whatnot,

899
00:53:34,010 --> 00:53:36,100
na kwa mfano, wakati unatumia kitu kama aina

900
00:53:36,100 --> 00:53:40,710
msaidizi kazi, unaweza kuongeza vigezo zaidi baadaye

901
00:53:40,710 --> 00:53:42,830
kwa bayana nini madarasa unataka kuwa zinatokana na mambo mbalimbali

902
00:53:42,830 --> 00:53:47,820
ili waweze style vizuri, na kwamba kimsingi jinsi gani kwenda.

903
00:53:47,820 --> 00:53:50,100
>> Maswali mengine yoyote?

904
00:53:50,100 --> 00:53:52,090
Kutisha.

905
00:53:52,090 --> 00:53:58,540
Asante kwa muda wako, na kuwashukuru kwa kuja.

906
00:53:58,540 --> 00:54:05,170
Mimi si kwenda kuongeza sana kiasi kingine,

907
00:54:05,170 --> 00:54:08,560
lakini 1 kweli haraka kitu ni hatuna kiungo

908
00:54:08,560 --> 00:54:12,590
kwa aina.

909
00:54:12,590 --> 00:54:14,310
Kweli bubu.

910
00:54:14,310 --> 00:54:20,110
Hebu kuongeza - kwa kweli katika mtazamo, blog, index,

911
00:54:20,110 --> 00:54:23,890
hebu kweli haraka kuongeza kiungo kwamba huenda ukurasa mpya,

912
00:54:23,890 --> 00:54:26,770
ukurasa ambapo tunaweza kuingiza baada ya mwezi.

913
00:54:26,770 --> 00:54:29,950
Tunakwenda kufanya hivyo.

914
00:54:29,950 --> 00:54:34,020
Nini ni nzuri ni kuna kundi zima la HTML msaidizi kazi

915
00:54:34,020 --> 00:54:37,090
ambayo kufanya mambo mbalimbali kwa ajili yenu, hivyo tayari aliona vyombo

916
00:54:37,090 --> 00:54:41,980
kazi hapa, lakini pia kuwa kazi kuitwa "nanga,"

917
00:54:41,980 --> 00:54:45,400
ambayo unaweza aina katika blog / mpya

918
00:54:45,400 --> 00:54:49,550
na kusema, "Post blog mpya."

919
00:54:49,550 --> 00:54:51,850
Na itakuwa kujenga kwamba kiungo kwa ajili yenu,

920
00:54:51,850 --> 00:54:54,120
na hii inaonekana kweli yasiyo na maana ya kufanya, lakini hii ni nzuri,

921
00:54:54,120 --> 00:54:58,720
kwa sababu kudhani kwamba wewe ni kusonga mbele tovuti yako kutoka 1 uwanja mwingine.

922
00:54:58,720 --> 00:55:01,390
Na kama wewe tu aliandika URL mwenyewe,

923
00:55:01,390 --> 00:55:04,350
basi ingekuwa kuwa na mabadiliko ya URL zote.

924
00:55:04,350 --> 00:55:06,850
Au labda wewe wakiongozwa kutoka 1 subfolder kwa subfolder mwingine.

925
00:55:06,850 --> 00:55:08,790
Ungependa kuwa na mabadiliko ya wale URLs yote wewe mwenyewe,

926
00:55:08,790 --> 00:55:12,180
na kwamba hakuna furaha.

927
00:55:12,180 --> 00:55:14,510
Unaweza kutumia nanga haki hii hapa,

928
00:55:14,510 --> 00:55:18,950
na unaweza kubadilisha uwanja au subfolder kiambishi awali

929
00:55:18,950 --> 00:55:20,640
katika faili Configuration mara moja,

930
00:55:20,640 --> 00:55:22,980
na kisha itakuwa kuomba kwamba kila mahali, na hii ni mara ya pili,

931
00:55:22,980 --> 00:55:26,930
mfano mkubwa wa wala kurudia mwenyewe, kukausha code wako nje.

932
00:55:26,930 --> 00:55:30,370
Popote wewe ni kurudia mwenyewe, jaribu na kutafuta katika baadhi ya aina ya faili Configuration

933
00:55:30,370 --> 00:55:34,160
au kazi mbalimbali na kuwa ni kushughulikia kwa ajili yenu.

934
00:55:34,160 --> 00:55:42,930
>> Na jambo la mwisho sana kwamba nilitaka kuonyesha mara

935
00:55:42,930 --> 00:55:50,250
tuseme tuko nyuma katika post hii, na mimi alikuwa linajumuisha baadhi insha kweli kwa muda mrefu,

936
00:55:50,250 --> 00:55:52,670
lakini I forgot ni pamoja na mwandishi yangu.

937
00:55:52,670 --> 00:55:55,210
Sasa wakati mimi bonyeza "Kuwasilisha Post,"

938
00:55:55,210 --> 00:55:57,270
I just kupoteza kila kitu.

939
00:55:57,270 --> 00:56:00,000
Hapana! Kweli kusikitisha.

940
00:56:00,000 --> 00:56:03,870
Hivyo ni jinsi gani ya kukabiliana na kwamba?

941
00:56:03,870 --> 00:56:06,070
Hii ni nini cha kufanya.

942
00:56:06,070 --> 00:56:09,340
Tunachofanya ni hapa kwa ajili ya haya pembejeo na eneo Nakala kazi,

943
00:56:09,340 --> 00:56:12,700
kama sisi ni pamoja na parameter ya pili, basi thamani ya kwamba parameter pili

944
00:56:12,700 --> 00:56:16,620
ni kwenda kuwa kile shamba ni kwenda kuwa awali wakazi na.

945
00:56:16,620 --> 00:56:23,570
Nini tunaweza kufanya ni katika blog yetu mtawala,

946
00:56:23,570 --> 00:56:25,360
tunaweza kumfunga mwingine kutofautiana.

947
00:56:25,360 --> 00:56:27,050
Kuiita "maadili" labda.

948
00:56:27,050 --> 00:56:30,620
Na kupita katika post safu, literally.

949
00:56:30,620 --> 00:56:32,620
Hiyo ina maana kwamba kama uthibitisho wameshindwa,

950
00:56:32,620 --> 00:56:36,570
kupita kwangu baada ya safu kwamba mimi in kutoka ombi mwisho,

951
00:56:36,570 --> 00:56:38,420
na kwa njia hiyo naweza kutumia maadili ya kutoka kuwasilisha yangu ya mwisho

952
00:56:38,420 --> 00:56:44,540
kuongeza idadi ya watu mashamba.

953
00:56:44,540 --> 00:56:49,600
Sasa naweza kufanya kitu kama maadili mwandishi

954
00:56:49,600 --> 00:56:55,180
na maadili ya mwili, na kwa njia hiyo sasa kama mimi kufanya baadhi ya mambo random

955
00:56:55,180 --> 00:57:01,490
na bonyeza "Kuwasilisha Post," basi anakaa huko.

956
00:57:01,490 --> 00:57:03,830
Lakini sisi ni kwenda kukimbia katika tatizo jingine.

957
00:57:03,830 --> 00:57:07,670
Kwamba kazi, lakini kama mimi kwenda kwenye ukurasa wa mara ya kwanza,

958
00:57:07,670 --> 00:57:09,720
itakuja ajali, na kwamba kwa sababu mara ya kwanza

959
00:57:09,720 --> 00:57:13,730
sisi kwenda kwenye ukurasa wa, hii variable baada haijawahi inavyoelezwa bado.

960
00:57:13,730 --> 00:57:18,170
Ni null. Ni haipo.

961
00:57:18,170 --> 00:57:21,630
>> Na nini tunataka kusema ni kama ufunguo hili lipo,

962
00:57:21,630 --> 00:57:27,750
kisha kurudi thamani ya safu hii,

963
00:57:27,750 --> 00:57:30,450
lakini kama ufunguo haipo, kisha kurudi kamba tupu.

964
00:57:30,450 --> 00:57:32,150
Hiyo ni utendaji tunataka hapa.

965
00:57:32,150 --> 00:57:34,690
Tunataka kuangalia kama ufunguo ipo kabla ya kujaribu kupata safu,

966
00:57:34,690 --> 00:57:36,580
na bahati nzuri ya kutosha,

967
00:57:36,580 --> 00:57:38,570
Kohana pia inatupa msaidizi kazi kwa ajili hiyo.

968
00:57:38,570 --> 00:57:41,040
Wana Suite hii yote ya kazi

969
00:57:41,040 --> 00:57:43,660
chini ya jina ARR, short kwa safu,

970
00:57:43,660 --> 00:57:45,800
na wana 1 kazi kuitwa "kupata,"

971
00:57:45,800 --> 00:57:48,690
na unaweza kupita katika safu,

972
00:57:48,690 --> 00:57:50,740
na unaweza kupita katika jina la muhimu.

973
00:57:50,740 --> 00:57:54,330
Basi kimsingi nini kufanya ni kujaribu kupata ufunguo

974
00:57:54,330 --> 00:57:56,470
lakini kama muhimu haipo katika safu,

975
00:57:56,470 --> 00:58:00,900
basi itakuwa kurudi tupu, au sisi pia Unaweza kutaja default, naamini

976
00:58:00,900 --> 00:58:03,500
ambayo ni nzuri.

977
00:58:09,740 --> 00:58:13,150
Sasa kama sisi kufanya kitu kimoja tena,

978
00:58:13,150 --> 00:58:15,970
kisha unaweza kuona sasa ni kazi mara ya kwanza duniani,

979
00:58:15,970 --> 00:58:18,080
na tena, kama sisi aina katika baadhi ya mambo random

980
00:58:18,080 --> 00:58:23,210
na kujaribu na kuwasilisha, basi anakaa huko.

981
00:58:23,210 --> 00:58:31,640
>> Na mimi nadhani unaweza pia kuonyesha jinsi ya kuongeza template kweli haraka.

982
00:58:31,640 --> 00:58:36,140
Nini tunaweza kufanya kwanza ni tunaweza kuongeza mtazamo mpya iitwayo "template.php"

983
00:58:36,140 --> 00:58:38,890
ndani ya Maoni folder,

984
00:58:38,890 --> 00:58:44,730
na nini mimi kwenda kufanya ni mimi nina kwenda magazeti nje kitu kinachoitwa "maudhui,"

985
00:58:44,730 --> 00:58:49,130
ambayo ni kwenda kuwa maudhui yangu kuu.

986
00:58:49,130 --> 00:58:51,380
Na labda chini sana mimi nina kwenda kuongeza, kusema,

987
00:58:51,380 --> 00:58:53,340
hati miliki.

988
00:58:53,340 --> 00:58:56,150
[Inaudible mwanafunzi swali]

989
00:58:56,150 --> 00:58:58,050
[Brandon Liu] Labda hii ni template super msingi nataka kutumia.

990
00:58:58,050 --> 00:59:02,840
Mimi nataka kuwa na folder na hati miliki yangu juu ya kila ukurasa moja,

991
00:59:02,840 --> 00:59:05,560
na sasa nini mimi kwenda kufanya ndani ya mtawala wangu

992
00:59:05,560 --> 00:59:07,740
ni sasa badala ya kusema, "hadi Mdhibiti"

993
00:59:07,740 --> 00:59:11,870
Mimi nina kwenda kusema, "hadi Controller_Template,"

994
00:59:11,870 --> 00:59:15,890
na sasa badala ya kusema, "Hatua ya mwili ni sawa na mtazamo huu,"

995
00:59:15,890 --> 00:59:24,110
Mimi nina kwenda kusema, "hii maudhui ya template ni -"

996
00:59:24,110 --> 00:59:27,690
na nadhani - mimi kuweka ishara sawa?

997
00:59:27,690 --> 00:59:32,710
Mimi kusahau. Yeah, Nilidhani hivyo.

998
00:59:32,710 --> 00:59:37,710
Na sasa mimi kuweka kwamba maudhui kutofautiana kwa sawa maoni.

999
00:59:37,710 --> 00:59:40,960
Mimi siwezi kufanya sawa hapa.

1000
00:59:49,620 --> 00:59:57,170
Na sasa kama mimi mahitaji, unaweza kuona sasa hati miliki hii ni aliongeza huko,

1001
00:59:57,170 --> 01:00:00,350
na tu kufanya baadhi baada ya random,

1002
01:00:00,350 --> 01:00:06,760
na kisha, tena, unapaswa kuona kwamba hati miliki ni chini kabisa ya ukurasa.

1003
01:00:06,760 --> 01:00:10,730
>> Mkuu. Hayo ni yote nilitaka kuonyesha nyie.

1004
01:00:10,730 --> 01:00:14,970
[Applause]

1005
01:00:14,970 --> 01:00:18,950
Maswali yoyote?

1006
01:00:18,950 --> 01:00:21,000
[CS50.TV]