1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:02,000 [Powered by Google Translate] [Semina] [Maandalizi ya tovuti yako kwa ajili ya Mtandao] 2 00:00:02,000 --> 00:00:05,000 [Yuechen Zhao] [Chuo Kikuu cha Harvard] 3 00:00:05,000 --> 00:00:07,000 [Hii ni CS50.] [CS50.TV] 4 00:00:07,000 --> 00:00:11,660 >> Sawa. Hapa mwingine saa ya maendeleo ya mtandao kama wewe guys ni kwa ajili yake. 5 00:00:11,660 --> 00:00:16,290 Leo mimi nina kwenda kuwa kuzungumza juu ya maandalizi ya tovuti yako kwa mtandao. 6 00:00:16,290 --> 00:00:20,260 Kila siku - na pengine kwa kipindi cha wiki 2 - 7 00:00:20,260 --> 00:00:22,240 tumekuwa kuzungumza kuhusu jinsi ya kujenga tovuti, 8 00:00:22,240 --> 00:00:24,880 jinsi ya kutumia HTML, jinsi ya kutumia PHP, jinsi ya kutumia mifumo, 9 00:00:24,880 --> 00:00:29,420 jinsi ya kuhakikisha kwamba unaweza kuingiliana na database - mambo kama hayo. 10 00:00:29,420 --> 00:00:34,830 Lakini leo, tunakwenda kuwa na kuzungumza kuhusu tovuti yako ambapo kinaendelea kuishi baada ya CS50. 11 00:00:34,830 --> 00:00:40,010 Kwa sababu baada ya yote, CS50 haina kutokea nyuma Desemba. 12 00:00:40,010 --> 00:00:42,090 Tunakwenda kuwa na kuzungumza juu ya majina ya uwanja, mwenyeji. 13 00:00:42,090 --> 00:00:44,790 Tunakwenda kuwa na kuzungumza juu ya utangamano nini msalaba-browser 14 00:00:44,790 --> 00:00:49,540 na msalaba-jukwaa utangamano, na jinsi unaweza kuhakikisha kwamba tovuti yako 15 00:00:49,540 --> 00:00:51,610 ni kwenda kufanya kazi chini ya masharti yote. 16 00:00:51,610 --> 00:00:54,330 Tutaweza kuzungumzia kosa utunzaji na uchawi nyingine server. 17 00:00:54,330 --> 00:00:57,890 Tunazungumzia juu ya utendaji optimization, search engine optimization, 18 00:00:57,890 --> 00:01:00,310 na jinsi ya kupata watu kwa kweli kutembelea tovuti yako. 19 00:01:00,310 --> 00:01:05,960 Na hatimaye, baadhi tu ya rasilimali nzuri ya kuhakikisha kwamba wewe guys kuwa kutosha ya wale 20 00:01:05,960 --> 00:01:09,680 kwenda mbali na mradi wako wa mwisho, na pengine baada ya. 21 00:01:09,680 --> 00:01:13,120 >> Jambo la kwanza kwamba sisi ni kwenda kwa majadiliano juu ni uwanja majina. 22 00:01:13,120 --> 00:01:18,020 Hivi sasa wewe ni programu katika appliance yako, wewe kwenda kwa jeshi mitaa 23 00:01:18,020 --> 00:01:20,360 ambayo si ya kweli jina la uwanja. 24 00:01:20,360 --> 00:01:26,370 Hiyo ni aina ya jina la utani tu au pak kwa ajili ya ufungaji yako halisi Linux 25 00:01:26,370 --> 00:01:31,150 ndani ya ama VMware juu ya Player Mac au VMware kwenye PC. 26 00:01:31,150 --> 00:01:36,510 Domain majina kuruhusu kuweka tovuti kwenye mtandao na kisha kwenda kitu kama 27 00:01:36,510 --> 00:01:39,400 www.google.com na kupata tovuti. 28 00:01:39,400 --> 00:01:41,500 Je, wao kazi? 29 00:01:41,500 --> 00:01:43,390 Hebu kusema kwamba wewe ni wastani tu mtandao wa kompyuta - 30 00:01:43,390 --> 00:01:50,080 wastani Mtandao surfer na una mbali, na kwenda www.howstuffworks.com. 31 00:01:50,080 --> 00:01:52,570 Pengine unaweza kuona ambapo mimi aliiba hii kutoka. 32 00:01:52,570 --> 00:01:57,300 Jinsi mambo kazi - kompyuta yako kisha kuuliza mitaa DNS server, 33 00:01:57,300 --> 00:01:59,300 "Je, unajua ambapo tovuti hii ni?" 34 00:01:59,300 --> 00:02:02,200 "Je, unajua anwani ya IP ya www.howstuffworks.com?" 35 00:02:02,200 --> 00:02:05,580 Yako DNS server anaweza kusema, "Ndiyo, mimi kufanya." 36 00:02:05,580 --> 00:02:09,139 Katika kesi hiyo, unaweza kupata anwani ya IP, na kompyuta yako wanapata kwamba anwani ya IP. 37 00:02:09,139 --> 00:02:15,050 Kama hana, inauliza mwingine DNS server, "Hey! Unajua nini www.howstuffworks.com ni nani?" 38 00:02:15,050 --> 00:02:17,670 Kuwa server anaweza kusema, "Ndiyo, mimi kufanya." 39 00:02:17,670 --> 00:02:22,500 Hivyo, anasema moja nyingine ni nini, na hatimaye, habari kwamba anapata kupita kwa kompyuta yako, 40 00:02:22,500 --> 00:02:24,680 na unaweza kupata howstuffworks.com. 41 00:02:24,680 --> 00:02:27,540 >> Jinsi gani unaweza kupata moja ya mambo haya kichawi? 42 00:02:27,540 --> 00:02:32,940 Jinsi gani unaweza kupata labda www.yourname.com au www.ilovecats.com? 43 00:02:32,940 --> 00:02:35,350 Unaweza kujiandikisha kwa moja, 44 00:02:35,350 --> 00:02:38,280 na kuna mengi ya tovuti huko nje kwamba kuruhusu kufanya hivyo. 45 00:02:38,280 --> 00:02:41,420 Lazima - katika mazingira mengi lazima kulipa kwa ajili yao. 46 00:02:41,420 --> 00:02:43,890 Kuna baadhi ya domain majina ambayo ni ya bure. 47 00:02:43,890 --> 00:02:50,900 Kama wewe kwenda tkdomainnames www.co.cc au., Wale ni bure. 48 00:02:50,900 --> 00:02:56,500 Lakini, hawana kuja na baadhi ya vikwazo, na kwa kweli baadhi yao wanaweza hata kuwa 49 00:02:56,500 --> 00:03:00,540 halisi, ngazi za juu domain majina kama. com au. wavu. 50 00:03:00,540 --> 00:03:03,300 Kawaida napenda kupendekeza kwenda kwa ajili ya mmoja wao 51 00:03:03,300 --> 00:03:07,060 sababu watumiaji ni zaidi tu starehe na wale. 52 00:03:07,060 --> 00:03:10,070 Wameweza kuona mengi ya coms.. Wameweza kuona mengi ya nyavu.. 53 00:03:10,070 --> 00:03:13,790 Pengine hawajaona mengi ya. Co.cc 's, hivyo ni vigumu kukumbuka. 54 00:03:13,790 --> 00:03:18,900 Tofauti tovuti kama GoDaddy au au NameCheap - Nilikuwa moja ambayo 55 00:03:18,900 --> 00:03:21,550 aina ya sketchy - inayoitwa activedomain.com. 56 00:03:21,550 --> 00:03:24,160 Inaonekana ni kweli sketchy, lakini ni kweli kazi vizuri kwa ajili yangu. 57 00:03:24,160 --> 00:03:27,810 >> Na hatimaye, una wengine kwamba labda kufanya zaidi matangazo kama Solutions Network. 58 00:03:27,810 --> 00:03:31,140 Lakini kama wewe kwenda kwenye NetworkSolutions.com na kuangalia bei yao 59 00:03:31,140 --> 00:03:34,070 ni kweli ni ghali. Mimi nilikuwa kuangalia yao jana usiku. 60 00:03:34,070 --> 00:03:37,400 Kwa mwaka mmoja wa jina la uwanja, pengine ni si thamani ya fedha nyingi. 61 00:03:37,400 --> 00:03:40,210 Kwa kweli, kama wewe ni kupata com au. Org. Au wavu. 62 00:03:40,210 --> 00:03:43,430 bei ya kawaida ni juu ya $ 10 kwa mwaka. 63 00:03:43,430 --> 00:03:48,710 Hivyo kama wewe ni kulipa mengi zaidi kuliko kwamba, pengine si kwamba thamani yake 64 00:03:48,710 --> 00:03:52,440 kwa sababu, baada ya yote, tovuti hizi si kufanya kitu chochote kwa jina hilo uwanja. 65 00:03:52,440 --> 00:03:58,270 Wao tu kukupa wewe, na hivyo kama unaweza kupata kwa bei nafuu, kwa nini? 66 00:03:58,270 --> 00:04:02,540 >> Jambo jingine ni mara moja una jina domain yako, basi pengine unataka 67 00:04:02,540 --> 00:04:08,610 kwenda kwenye ama Godaddy.com au popote kununuliwa jina domain yako 68 00:04:08,610 --> 00:04:11,220 na kuweka seva jina kwa ajili ya jina kuwa uwanja. 69 00:04:11,220 --> 00:04:15,560 Nini maana ni mara moja mtumiaji inakwenda www.howstuffworks.com, 70 00:04:15,560 --> 00:04:20,839 wale server jina IP ni anwani ya IP kwamba wangeweza kuwa na uwezo wa kuangalia juu. 71 00:04:20,839 --> 00:04:24,680 Wangeweza kuwa na uwezo wa upatikanaji wa tovuti yako kwa njia ya seva wale jina. 72 00:04:24,680 --> 00:04:26,830 Kama wewe kuomba kwa mwenyeji mahali fulani 73 00:04:26,830 --> 00:04:31,210 kisha mwenyeji wako uwezekano wengi kukupa seva jina kutumia. 74 00:04:31,210 --> 00:04:34,210 >> Na hatimaye, kuna hii kitu inaitwa Whois. 75 00:04:34,210 --> 00:04:38,890 Mbegu Whois ni database na ambayo unaweza pembejeo jina la uwanja 76 00:04:38,890 --> 00:04:44,170 na itakuwa mate nje ya baadhi ya taarifa kuhusu mmiliki wa kwamba tovuti na taarifa nyingine ya kuwasiliana. 77 00:04:44,170 --> 00:04:49,080 Sasa, unaweza kusema, "Mimi si kweli unataka nyumba yangu anwani au mimi si kweli wanataka anuani yangu ya barua pepe 78 00:04:49,080 --> 00:04:54,010 kwenye tovuti kwa mtu yeyote kuona au kwenye mtandao kwa kila mtu kuona. " 79 00:04:54,010 --> 00:04:57,740 Basi kutaka kutumia kitu kwamba mengi ya huduma mwenyeji kutoa - 80 00:04:57,740 --> 00:04:59,740 kama meneja Whois. 81 00:04:59,740 --> 00:05:03,550 Meneja Whois ni tu huduma nyingine kwamba mengi yao kutoa kwamba 82 00:05:03,550 --> 00:05:07,700 ngozi mbali kwamba habari na tu unaweka katika ambaye ni meneja kwa jina - 83 00:05:07,700 --> 00:05:13,070 kwa anuani ni kawaida tu kwamba jina la kampuni hiyo ni hii aliyopewa jina la uwanja - 84 00:05:13,070 --> 00:05:17,350 na hivyo basi taarifa yako binafsi si kuwa kuvuja kwenye mtandao, 85 00:05:17,350 --> 00:05:19,350 ambayo ni kawaida pretty nzuri. 86 00:05:19,350 --> 00:05:21,350 Mimi mwenyewe kutumia moja ya huduma hizi. 87 00:05:21,350 --> 00:05:25,630 Kama wewe hawajali kuhusu siri yako mwenyewe basi ni kweli haina jambo. 88 00:05:25,630 --> 00:05:32,490 >> DNS server anasimama kwa Domain System Jina, na ni nini - 89 00:05:32,490 --> 00:05:36,560 ni aina ya kama mahali fulani hash meza kwamba anasema, 90 00:05:36,560 --> 00:05:42,320  "Hii anwani ya tovuti ni kwenda ramani kwa anwani hii IP." Na kwamba wote ni. 91 00:05:42,320 --> 00:05:48,180 Hivyo mara moja swala hii DNS server, basi unaweza kupata anwani ya IP 92 00:05:48,180 --> 00:05:51,930 kwa jina kuwa uwanja sambamba na kisha kutembelea tovuti. 93 00:05:51,930 --> 00:05:59,820 (Watazamaji mwanachama kuuliza swali - inaudible) 94 00:05:59,820 --> 00:06:07,910 kwanza? ngazi ya kwanza kwa kweli ni kawaida tu kompyuta yako cache yenyewe. 95 00:06:07,910 --> 00:06:12,570 Kompyuta yako aina ya anakumbuka mara ya mwisho kwamba wewe akaenda www.google.com 96 00:06:12,570 --> 00:06:18,090 ilikuwa ni saa anwani hii IP, na kisha baada ya muda, cache kwamba utakamilika, 97 00:06:18,090 --> 00:06:23,560 na itakuwa kuuliza kama DNS Comcast, 98 00:06:23,560 --> 00:06:26,400 "Hey, nini www.google.com?" 99 00:06:26,400 --> 00:06:31,040 Kawaida, wakati kununua jina la kikoa na kujiandikisha moja, na kuanzisha tovuti, 100 00:06:31,040 --> 00:06:35,670 huwezi kwenda na tovuti ya kwamba mara moja na jina kwamba uwanja kwa sababu jina la seva 101 00:06:35,670 --> 00:06:40,180 duniani kote sijui kuhusu jina la uwanja wako bado. Ina na idadi. 102 00:06:40,180 --> 00:06:43,220 Ni kawaida huchukua masaa 24-48. 103 00:06:43,220 --> 00:06:48,460 Wote haki. Hivyo, hiyo ni kidogo kuhusu majina ya uwanja. Wao ni baridi sana. 104 00:06:48,460 --> 00:06:51,540 Nadhani unapaswa kupata moja kama wewe ni mbaya kuhusu mradi 105 00:06:51,540 --> 00:06:55,300 na kama kweli wanataka kufanya mradi wako inayojulikana katika chuo, 106 00:06:55,300 --> 00:06:58,050 baada ya jina la uwanja inafanya kuangalia kweli kitaalamu. 107 00:06:58,050 --> 00:07:01,510 >> Basi hatua inayofuata, bila shaka, ni kuwa na baadhi ya aina ya hosting. 108 00:07:01,510 --> 00:07:05,540 Kama wewe tu jeshi hilo kwenye kompyuta yako, hakuna mtu wa milele itakuwa na uwezo wa kwenda kwa hilo. 109 00:07:05,540 --> 00:07:09,110 Unaweza uwezekano wa kuanzisha server kwenye kompyuta yako na kuweka kompyuta yako juu ya milele, 110 00:07:09,110 --> 00:07:11,160 lakini hiyo haifai. 111 00:07:11,160 --> 00:07:14,000 Kuna aina tofauti ya mwenyeji inapatikana online. 112 00:07:14,000 --> 00:07:21,870 Kuna pamoja mwenyeji. Kuna VPN (unintelligible) ambayo ni virtual majeshi. 113 00:07:21,870 --> 00:07:23,870 Kuna nusu-ari na kujitolea. 114 00:07:23,870 --> 00:07:29,030 3 ya mwisho, VPN, nusu-ari, na ari ya kawaida ni ghali zaidi. 115 00:07:29,030 --> 00:07:32,660 Wao ni kawaida kutumika kwa ajili ya tovuti ambazo zinahitaji rasilimali zaidi. 116 00:07:32,660 --> 00:07:34,680 Kama wewe ni tu mapya nje na tovuti, 117 00:07:34,680 --> 00:07:40,670 inaweza tu kuwa zaidi ya kiuchumi kwenda na mwenyeji pamoja. 118 00:07:40,670 --> 00:07:43,430 Na nini maana ya pamoja ni tu rundo ya Nje wote ni pamoja 119 00:07:43,430 --> 00:07:51,560 aina ya juu ya kompyuta moja kwenye tovuti hii katika seva hii jeshi, na unaweza kupata tovuti yako 120 00:07:51,560 --> 00:07:53,660 kupitia jina la uwanja. 121 00:07:53,660 --> 00:07:55,980 >> Kuna mengi ya majeshi maarufu huko nje. 122 00:07:55,980 --> 00:08:01,160 HostGator na Dreamhost - wale ni mkubwa, mkubwa sana na sana, maarufu sana 123 00:08:01,160 --> 00:08:03,160 na sana sana na mafanikio. 124 00:08:03,160 --> 00:08:05,160 Mimi binafsi kutumia moja inayoitwa MDDHosting. 125 00:08:05,160 --> 00:08:08,240 Kama wewe kwenda www.mddhosting.com, hiyo ni mwenyeji wangu wa uchaguzi. 126 00:08:08,240 --> 00:08:10,240 Nadhani wao ni mzuri sana. 127 00:08:10,240 --> 00:08:14,550 Wameweza daima imekuwa kuaminika sana, na sijawahi alikuwa na matatizo yoyote na wao. 128 00:08:14,550 --> 00:08:18,610 Wao pia wana ushindani sana bei. 129 00:08:18,610 --> 00:08:24,400 Mbili kwamba mimi si kweli kama ni GoDaddy - hiyo pia jeshi maarufu sana, 130 00:08:24,400 --> 00:08:26,400 lakini nimepata uzoefu wa kutisha pamoja nao, 131 00:08:26,400 --> 00:08:29,430 na mengi ya watu kwamba mimi kujua kuwa alikuwa na uzoefu kweli kutisha pamoja nao. 132 00:08:29,430 --> 00:08:32,150 Wao aina ya kwenda baada ya watu ambao hawajui nini wao ni kufanya - 133 00:08:32,150 --> 00:08:34,150 labda wewe ni kufanya tovuti kwa mara ya kwanza, 134 00:08:34,150 --> 00:08:37,150 na hivyo aina ya con yao katika kununua mfuko wao mwenyeji. 135 00:08:37,150 --> 00:08:42,570 Je, kufanya hivyo. Si kuanguka kwa ajili yake. Kwenda kuangalia kwa fedha nyingine hosting kwamba kweli inafaa mahitaji yako. 136 00:08:42,570 --> 00:08:44,880 Na mtu mwingine ni - kuna majeshi bure huko nje. 137 00:08:44,880 --> 00:08:47,350 Kuna tovuti ambazo itakuwa mwenyeji wa tovuti yako kwa bure - 138 00:08:47,350 --> 00:08:49,350 wakati mwingine kwa kuweka tangazo kwenye tovuti yako, 139 00:08:49,350 --> 00:08:52,290 wakati mwingine kwa kufanya wewe kushiriki katika vikao vyao, 140 00:08:52,290 --> 00:08:54,340 lakini wakati mwingine tu pia kwa ajili ya bure. 141 00:08:54,340 --> 00:09:00,000 Lakini, kuwa makini na majeshi ya bure kwa sababu wengi wao kweli tu kwenda nje ya biashara 142 00:09:00,000 --> 00:09:03,480 baada ya miezi michache. Wewe tu hawezi kuweka juu na gharama. 143 00:09:03,480 --> 00:09:07,460 Wengine ni tu uhakika sana, na tovuti yako daima kuwa chini, 144 00:09:07,460 --> 00:09:09,700 na hutaki kuwa kutokea. 145 00:09:09,700 --> 00:09:12,330 >> Jeshi Kila kutoa kudhibiti yao wenyewe jopo. 146 00:09:12,330 --> 00:09:16,520 Taarifa kwamba kwa appliance yako, kuna kweli si jopo kudhibiti per se. 147 00:09:16,520 --> 00:09:19,230 Una kutumia terminal kwenda na hariri files. 148 00:09:19,230 --> 00:09:21,230 Una mambo chmod na wewe mwenyewe. 149 00:09:21,230 --> 00:09:24,770 Kama alitaka kwenda PHPMyAdmin, 150 00:09:24,770 --> 00:09:29,560 una kwenda kwenye localhost @ / phpmyadmin na mambo kama hayo. 151 00:09:29,560 --> 00:09:36,660 Lakini pamoja na jopo kudhibiti unaweza kwenda katika na kuhariri faili kwenye kompyuta yako 152 00:09:36,660 --> 00:09:40,350 na Windows Explorer au maombi finder-aina. 153 00:09:40,350 --> 00:09:44,810 Au unaweza kwenda kupitia na kuangalia hifadhidata yako na chombo yao wenyewe 154 00:09:44,810 --> 00:09:47,280 badala ya PHPmyadmin. 155 00:09:47,280 --> 00:09:52,240 Hivyo, kuna mengi ya uchaguzi hapa, na baadhi ya paneli maarufu zaidi udhibiti ni hadi pale. 156 00:09:52,240 --> 00:09:54,240 Lakini kama wewe ni kuangalia kwa jeshi, 157 00:09:54,240 --> 00:09:57,090 basi kutaka kuangalia aina gani ya customizations na chaguzi 158 00:09:57,090 --> 00:10:02,810 wao kutoa yangu Customize server yangu na kufanya tovuti yangu kukimbia bora. 159 00:10:02,810 --> 00:10:07,110 Hivyo, basi unaweza kuuliza, "Naam, ni jinsi gani mimi kuchagua mwenyeji?" 160 00:10:07,110 --> 00:10:11,460 Kama wewe kwenda kwenye tovuti yoyote ya jeshi kuna mengi ya jargon, na kuna mengi ya chaguzi. 161 00:10:11,460 --> 00:10:14,470 Kuna mengi ya bei tofauti pia. 162 00:10:14,470 --> 00:10:19,690 Kawaida mimi kwenda kwa wale nafuu kwa sababu tu ya Nje kwamba labda mimi na wewe kufanya - 163 00:10:19,690 --> 00:10:23,520 na hasa sasa hivi, hasa kama starters - wanaweza haja ya rasilimali kama wengi 164 00:10:23,520 --> 00:10:26,770 kama nguvu tovuti kama Microsoft.com. 165 00:10:26,770 --> 00:10:32,090 >> Kwanza wewe unataka kuangalia mfumo wa uendeshaji kama kweli wewe ni curious kama 166 00:10:32,090 --> 00:10:35,090 tovuti yako inaenda kuwa mwenyeji kwenye Linux, Windows, au juu ya Mac. 167 00:10:35,090 --> 00:10:39,790 Kawaida sisi tu kwenda na Linux kwa sababu hiyo ni kawaida ya gharama nafuu, 168 00:10:39,790 --> 00:10:43,730 na pia ni mmoja kwamba labda nyie ni zaidi ya ukoo na kwa sababu ya appliance. 169 00:10:43,730 --> 00:10:48,040 Na kisha, labda wao itabidi kuweka vikwazo baadhi juu ya kiasi cha Bandwidth kwamba kupata - 170 00:10:48,040 --> 00:10:53,030 kama jinsi wengi megabaiti au gigabytes ya data unaweza kushusha watumiaji 171 00:10:53,030 --> 00:10:55,470 kutoka tovuti yako kwa mwezi? Au disk nafasi. 172 00:10:55,470 --> 00:11:00,640 Jinsi gani nafasi gani unaweza kupata? Je, ni 500 MB? Je, ni 2 GB? Je, ni ukomo? 173 00:11:00,640 --> 00:11:05,920 Siku hizi, mengi ya Sava kukupa ukomo disk nafasi kama njia ya wao 174 00:11:05,920 --> 00:11:08,560 kushawishi kupata mfuko wao mwenyeji. 175 00:11:08,560 --> 00:11:11,850 Lakini kama kweli kufikiri juu yake, wakati ni wewe milele kwenda haja ya ukomo disk nafasi? 176 00:11:11,850 --> 00:11:18,060 Kama una michache ya mafaili ya HTML, PHP michache, wanandoa ya picha - 177 00:11:18,060 --> 00:11:20,060 kwamba ni michache tu ya megabaiti, na hivyo 178 00:11:20,060 --> 00:11:23,110 kawaida mimi tu kwenda kwa thamani chache labda gigabytes 'wa nafasi, 179 00:11:23,110 --> 00:11:27,990 na ambayo inaweza kuwa kutosha kuanza mimi mbali mpaka mimi haja zaidi. 180 00:11:27,990 --> 00:11:31,480 >> Hatimaye, wanaweza kuweka vikwazo juu ya aina gani - wangapi database unaweza kuwa. 181 00:11:31,480 --> 00:11:34,760 Labda unaweza tu kuwa 1 database. Labda unaweza kuwa na 2. Labda unaweza kuwa 10. 182 00:11:34,760 --> 00:11:38,330 Je, ni kweli muhimu kwako ngapi kupata? 183 00:11:38,330 --> 00:11:40,330 Mambo ya kujiuliza. 184 00:11:40,330 --> 00:11:42,330 Na kisha hatimaye, tu mambo kama lugha. 185 00:11:42,330 --> 00:11:44,330 Je, wao kusaidia PHP? Je, wao kusaidia MySQL? 186 00:11:44,330 --> 00:11:49,010 Wengi mwenyeji tovuti hawana msaada hizi kwa sababu ni bure. Wao uko wazi chanzo. 187 00:11:49,010 --> 00:11:51,190 Haina gharama yao kitu kutoa haya kwa ajili yenu. 188 00:11:51,190 --> 00:11:55,680 Lakini kama unataka kutumia, kusema, Ruby au chatu au baadhi ya hizo lugha nyingine - 189 00:11:55,680 --> 00:11:59,490 wanaweza kusaidia kwenye server zao, hivyo ni muhimu kwa kuangalia aina wale wa mambo. 190 00:11:59,490 --> 00:12:05,620 >> Na hatimaye, je, wao kuruhusu kufanya baadhi ya mambo ya juu zaidi kama ajira SSL au cron? 191 00:12:05,620 --> 00:12:12,060 SSL ni chaguo ambapo unaweza kufanya tovuti yako salama zaidi kwa kufanya hivyo HTTPS 192 00:12:12,060 --> 00:12:14,060 na kusimba uhusiano wako. 193 00:12:14,060 --> 00:12:17,230 Na cron ajira ni labda tu scripts kwamba unataka kukimbia 194 00:12:17,230 --> 00:12:19,510 kila dakika 5, kila dakika 10, kila 15. 195 00:12:19,510 --> 00:12:22,030 mengi ya Nje pamoja mwenyeji wala kuweka vikwazo 196 00:12:22,030 --> 00:12:26,310 juu ya idadi ya ajira cron kwamba unaweza kuendesha kwa sababu kwamba inachukua hadi rasilimali zaidi. 197 00:12:26,310 --> 00:12:31,800 >> Na hatimaye, tu kila kitu kingine kwamba unataka kuangalia - kuhakikisha hasa nini kinaendelea 198 00:12:31,800 --> 00:12:35,180 kabla ya kununua mfuko wako mwenyeji. 199 00:12:35,180 --> 00:12:37,720 Na hatimaye, utendaji. Utendaji ni kubwa. 200 00:12:37,720 --> 00:12:39,740 Jinsi ya kufunga tovuti yangu ni kwenda kukimbia? 201 00:12:39,740 --> 00:12:42,950 Watumiaji wengi si kwenda kusubiri kwa sekunde hata kwa ajili ya tovuti yako ya kukimbia 202 00:12:42,950 --> 00:12:47,640 kabla ya kupata tu kuchoka, na wao kwenda kwenye MeanBase na kuanza kuangalia picha 203 00:12:47,640 --> 00:12:52,240 ya paka - unajua kwamba hutokea, na unataka kuhakikisha kwamba kupata kwamba mtumiaji kwenye bodi 204 00:12:52,240 --> 00:12:54,300 na kwamba una uptime nzuri ambayo ina maana kwamba 205 00:12:54,300 --> 00:12:56,300 tovuti yako kwenda kuwa kupatikana wakati wote. 206 00:12:56,300 --> 00:13:01,880 mengi ya majeshi kuwa mbaya kweli kweli uptime na kwamba njia tu tovuti yako si kwenda kuwa 207 00:13:01,880 --> 00:13:06,500 kupatikana, na hutaki kuwa kutokea kwa sababu unaweza kuwa na huzuni. 208 00:13:06,500 --> 00:13:10,360 Na pia unaweza kufuatilia utendaji mwenyeji wako na tovuti kama 209 00:13:10,360 --> 00:13:16,440 Pingdom.com au Jeshi-tracker.com, na wao tu kukuambia jinsi mara nyingi ni tovuti yako chini. 210 00:13:16,440 --> 00:13:18,490 >> Na hatimaye, unataka kuona juu ya msaada wao. 211 00:13:18,490 --> 00:13:21,890 Kama una tatizo ni wao kwenda kukabiliana na wewe ndani ya masaa 24? 212 00:13:21,890 --> 00:13:23,890 Ni wao kwenda kukabiliana na wewe ndani ya masaa 48? 213 00:13:23,890 --> 00:13:26,500 huduma hosting kwamba mimi kutumia kawaida anajibu kwangu ndani ya dakika 214 00:13:26,500 --> 00:13:29,760 ambayo kwa kweli ni nzuri. 215 00:13:29,760 --> 00:13:33,990 Whew! Yote ya haki! Ni wakati wa mapumziko. Lakini mimi si kwenda kutoa ni wewe. 216 00:13:33,990 --> 00:13:38,200 Tutaweza tu kuangalia picha ya paka cute kila sasa na hapo. 217 00:13:38,200 --> 00:13:42,740 >> Jambo jingine kweli, kweli kubwa ni msalaba-browser utangamano. 218 00:13:42,740 --> 00:13:45,890 Je, ina maana na utangamano msalaba-browser? 219 00:13:45,890 --> 00:13:50,970 Unajua, siku hizi si tu Microsoft Internet Explorer. 220 00:13:50,970 --> 00:13:53,970 Siyo tu Mozilla Firefox au Safari. 221 00:13:53,970 --> 00:13:58,190 Sasa tuna Chrome. Tuna Opera. Tuna Dolphin. Tuna Camino. 222 00:13:58,190 --> 00:14:00,540 Tuna Mshindi. Sisi wote wa browsers hizi tofauti. 223 00:14:00,540 --> 00:14:05,950 Mambo ambayo ni kuja nje sasa - RockMelt - ingawa wale wote ni ya msingi ya Chromium. 224 00:14:05,950 --> 00:14:10,990 Lakini ukweli wa mambo ni kwamba, kuna moja tu browser tena. 225 00:14:10,990 --> 00:14:13,860 Wewe si tu viewing webpages haya na moja ya maombi. 226 00:14:13,860 --> 00:14:17,660 Na hivyo, browsers tofauti kujibu HTML tofauti, tofauti CSS, na 227 00:14:17,660 --> 00:14:21,210 JavaScript tofauti tofauti, na jinsi gani unaweza kukabiliana na kwamba? 228 00:14:21,210 --> 00:14:24,370 Naam, katika baadhi ya kesi, wewe kweli hawawezi. 229 00:14:24,370 --> 00:14:29,160 Tovuti yako - kama ni kazi katika browser moja, kanuni kwamba aliandika si kazi 230 00:14:29,290 --> 00:14:32,910 katika browser mwingine, na ni kazi yako ili kuhakikisha kuwa kanuni kwamba kuandika 231 00:14:32,910 --> 00:14:36,000 ni kwa wote, kwamba ni kazi kila mahali. 232 00:14:36,000 --> 00:14:38,000 Hivyo, hii ni kweli ya hatari. 233 00:14:38,000 --> 00:14:42,450 Kama umesema, "Naam, ni kazi kwenye kompyuta yangu Mkuu! Hebu hoja juu.". 234 00:14:42,450 --> 00:14:46,040 Naam, ni pengine si kwenda kufanya kazi juu ya mgodi, na wakati mimi kwenda kwenye tovuti yako 235 00:14:46,040 --> 00:14:49,210 Mimi nina kwenda kuwa ya kusikitisha sana, na mimi nina kwenda kuondoka mara moja. 236 00:14:49,210 --> 00:14:51,570 Hivyo, hebu angalia jinsi gani unaweza kuzuia hili. 237 00:14:51,570 --> 00:14:55,520 >> Jambo la kwanza, bila shaka, ni tu kutumia kiwango HTML, CSS, na JavaScript. 238 00:14:55,520 --> 00:14:57,520 Je, ina maana na kwamba? 239 00:14:57,520 --> 00:15:00,180 Naam, kuna mambo mengi si ya kiwango huko nje. 240 00:15:00,180 --> 00:15:03,490 Kwa mfano, katika CSS kuna matoleo mengi. 241 00:15:03,490 --> 00:15:10,830 Kama unaweza kuona sheria yoyote CSS na-Moz-au-webkit-, wale sheria ni maalum 242 00:15:10,830 --> 00:15:15,720 kwa wote browsers Mozilla na browsers Webkit, 243 00:15:15,720 --> 00:15:20,590 na hivyo unataka kuhakikisha kwamba labda unataka kuepuka mambo hayo 244 00:15:20,590 --> 00:15:25,150 kwa sababu kama wewe kutumia-Moz-kwamba utawala ni kwenda tu kazi ya Firefox. 245 00:15:25,150 --> 00:15:29,640 Na kama kweli unataka kwa kuangalia vizuri kwenye Internet Explorer pia, 246 00:15:29,640 --> 00:15:31,640 wewe ni kwenda kuwa nje ya bahati. 247 00:15:31,640 --> 00:15:37,910 Kwa HTML pia, unaweza kufanya mambo katika HTML kazi katika browser moja 248 00:15:37,910 --> 00:15:41,830 lakini kwamba mapumziko katika mwingine, na unataka kuepuka kuwa kama iwezekanavyo. 249 00:15:41,830 --> 00:15:44,830 Na hatimaye kwa JavaScript hata - kuna matoleo mengi ya JavaScript, 250 00:15:44,830 --> 00:15:50,570 na huu majira sisi mbio katika tatizo ambapo Document.getElementsByClassName-- 251 00:15:50,570 --> 00:15:54,500 ambayo ni kawaida kazi hiyo hufafanuliwa kama sehemu ya kiwango JavaScript - 252 00:15:54,500 --> 00:15:58,120 ilikuwa si kupata katika Internet Explorer 8. 253 00:15:58,120 --> 00:16:01,900 Hivyo, juu ya jua nilikuwa kazi katika maabara na sisi na kujenga majaribio online. 254 00:16:01,900 --> 00:16:06,210 Na sisi walidhani alikuwa akifanya kazi vizuri mpaka sisi barabara watumiaji kwamba walikuwa kutumia 255 00:16:06,210 --> 00:16:09,780 Internet Explorer 8 hakuweza kuwasilisha matokeo yao. 256 00:16:09,780 --> 00:16:13,200 Tulikuwa kukosa mengi ya data. Kwamba alifanya yetu kweli kusikitisha. 257 00:16:13,200 --> 00:16:17,790 Hivyo, daima unataka kuhakikisha kwamba maandiko yako ni kwenda kufanya kazi kila mahali. 258 00:16:17,790 --> 00:16:20,500 >> Na hatimaye, kutumia validator.w3.org 259 00:16:20,500 --> 00:16:22,770 ambayo ni tunavyokushauri kufanya katika pset 7. 260 00:16:22,770 --> 00:16:24,530 Kuhakikisha kwamba kurasa yako ni Ilisahihishwa. 261 00:16:24,530 --> 00:16:28,310 Hiyo ni muhimu kwa sababu kwamba angalau ni hatua ya kwanza sanity hundi. 262 00:16:28,310 --> 00:16:31,870 Ni kanuni yangu kweli viwango inavyotakikana? 263 00:16:34,930 --> 00:16:39,320 Njia nyingine ya aina ya kukusaidia kuhakikisha kwamba tovuti yako ni kwenda kufanya kazi 264 00:16:39,320 --> 00:16:42,610 chini ya mazingira zaidi ni labda kutumia maktaba na baadhi ya mifumo ya 265 00:16:42,610 --> 00:16:46,210 kwa sababu hawa watengenezaji kweli smart kuwa na mawazo kuhusu masuala haya kwa ajili yenu. 266 00:16:46,210 --> 00:16:49,850 Wameweza wamekwenda kupitia na wameweza imeandikwa kazi tofauti kwamba kazi katika browsers. 267 00:16:49,850 --> 00:16:53,560 Kwa mfano, sisi kutumia jQuery katika pset 7. 268 00:16:53,560 --> 00:16:58,030 Hata ingawa unaweza si tumeona, jQuery hutoa mengi ya kazi 269 00:16:58,030 --> 00:17:00,280 kwamba vinginevyo ingekuwa kuandika mwenyewe. 270 00:17:00,280 --> 00:17:05,310 Lakini hawa watengenezaji aliandika, na wao alifanya uhakika kwamba kazi katika browsers wote. 271 00:17:05,310 --> 00:17:10,280 Na Bootstrap - ambayo ni mwingine mfumo CSS kwamba sisi kuonyesha katika pset 7 - 272 00:17:10,280 --> 00:17:17,000 ni kweli inachukua mbali mengi ya maumivu ya kichwa na kubuni Nje kwamba kuangalia vizuri. 273 00:17:17,000 --> 00:17:19,000 katika yote browsers. 274 00:17:19,000 --> 00:17:23,660 >> Na hatimaye, kama unaweza kuepuka hayo, mimi kawaida kuepuka coding kutoka mwanzo. 275 00:17:23,660 --> 00:17:28,079 Kama wewe tu kujenga tovuti kwa ajili ya shule klabu yako, kwa mfano, 276 00:17:28,079 --> 00:17:33,920 na wote unahitaji kufanya ni kuonyesha kurasa chache na labda kuwa na rais yako kwenda katika 277 00:17:33,920 --> 00:17:38,910 na kubadili mambo machache hapa na pale - kuna kweli hakuna haja ya kificho kwamba up mwenyewe. 278 00:17:38,910 --> 00:17:40,910 Kwamba inachukua muda mwingi wako. 279 00:17:40,910 --> 00:17:42,660 Inachukua mengi ya nguvu yako, na una kwenda kwa njia na una kupata nje, 280 00:17:42,660 --> 00:17:45,930 vizuri, ni hii kwenda kuangalia vizuri katika browser hii, ni kwenda kuangalia vizuri katika kivinjari hiki. 281 00:17:45,930 --> 00:17:50,610 Labda kutumia baadhi ya patches hizi kwamba wengine tayari imeandikwa kwa ajili yenu, kama 282 00:17:50,610 --> 00:17:52,610 WordPress au Joomla au Drupal. 283 00:17:52,610 --> 00:17:59,400 Hizi huitwa maudhui - hizi huitwa CMSs ambayo kimsingi ni haki kwamba fedha 284 00:17:59,400 --> 00:18:03,020 tayari kuja kufanyika kwa ajili yenu, na unaweza kushusha yao, kuweka yao kwenye server yako, 285 00:18:03,020 --> 00:18:07,510 na Customize yao hata hivyo unataka, na tayari una tovuti mbio. 286 00:18:07,510 --> 00:18:11,680 Fedha za kanuni hizo ni kitu cha kuangalia katika. 287 00:18:11,680 --> 00:18:15,400 Mambo haya ni wazi chanzo isipokuwa wewe kwenda kwa kitu kama - 288 00:18:15,400 --> 00:18:19,390 kama wewe ni kuangalia kwa ajili ya mfuko fomu, kuna mambo ambayo si bure kama 289 00:18:19,390 --> 00:18:21,570 VBulletin au IP.Board. 290 00:18:21,570 --> 00:18:23,790 Kama huna haja ya baadhi ya sifa hizo juu, 291 00:18:23,790 --> 00:18:27,530 unaweza daima opt kwa chaguo bure. 292 00:18:27,530 --> 00:18:31,300 >> Na hatimaye, kuna hakuna kuepuka hilo. 293 00:18:31,300 --> 00:18:33,300 Lazima mtihani, mtihani, mtihani. 294 00:18:33,300 --> 00:18:37,690 Lazima mtihani code yako juu ya yote ya browsers hizi na juu ya yote ya majukwaa hayo. 295 00:18:37,690 --> 00:18:44,110 Na unajua, IE6 - kuwashukuru wema watu wameanza kusonga mbali IE6 296 00:18:44,110 --> 00:18:49,190 kwa sababu nyuma katika siku, labda miaka michache iliyopita, mtandao watengenezaji alikuwa daima, daima, 297 00:18:49,190 --> 00:18:55,280 daima kawadia udhaifu IE6 katika kufuata viwango. 298 00:18:55,280 --> 00:19:00,860 Nje tu inaonekana aina ya miaka ya 1990 kwa ajili ya ukosefu wa njia bora ya kukabiliana nayo. 299 00:19:00,860 --> 00:19:04,380 Unaweza pia kutumia viwambo browser kuangalia CSS yako. 300 00:19:04,380 --> 00:19:08,100 Moja kweli baridi tovuti ni browserlab.adobe.com. 301 00:19:08,100 --> 00:19:11,070 Hii ni huduma ya complimentary kuweka nje na Adobe. 302 00:19:11,070 --> 00:19:15,160 Na wanachokifanya ni wanaweza kuchukua viwambo ya tovuti yako 303 00:19:15,160 --> 00:19:18,890 mbio chini ya hali tofauti - kama mbio chini ya browsers tofauti, 304 00:19:18,890 --> 00:19:22,660 mbio chini ya majukwaa tofauti - na kuonyesha nini wao kuangalia kama. 305 00:19:22,660 --> 00:19:33,260 Tu kuonyesha nini maana mimi hapa, mimi umba tovuti mwaka jana kuitwa Maisha Katika Harvard, 306 00:19:33,260 --> 00:19:39,150 na kile Mimi walijaribu kufanya - I walijaribu kufanya my.harvard bora. 307 00:19:39,150 --> 00:19:43,840 Kwa sababu kama wewe walikuwa hapa mwaka jana, my.harvard hakuwa na kuangalia kama inaonekana sasa. 308 00:19:43,840 --> 00:19:46,640 Inaonekana ni aina ya machukizo. 309 00:19:46,640 --> 00:19:50,470 Lakini sasa inaonekana mengi zaidi. 310 00:19:50,470 --> 00:19:57,070 Utekelezaji yangu haikuwa kwamba manufaa tena, lakini wote huo, 311 00:19:57,070 --> 00:20:01,310 unajua, mimi alijaribu kuongeza - (unintelligible) wengi chochote - 312 00:20:01,310 --> 00:20:04,680 na inaonekana - inaonekana ni nzuri sana kwenye kompyuta yangu. 313 00:20:04,680 --> 00:20:08,560 Na kisha, labda kama ningependa na muda zaidi napenda wamekwenda juu ya maabara browser, 314 00:20:08,560 --> 00:20:13,020 na mimi ingekuwa inaonekana katika, vizuri, jinsi gani kuangalia katika Chrome 18 juu ya Windows. 315 00:20:13,020 --> 00:20:17,060 Napenda kitabu chini na napenda kuona - oh hakuna! Angalia katika sanduku matangazo. 316 00:20:17,060 --> 00:20:20,200 Nakala yangu ilikuwa wingi. Hivyo, hiyo ni mbaya, haki? 317 00:20:20,200 --> 00:20:23,700 Kama mtumiaji ni kutumia Chrome juu ya Windows na anakuja na tovuti yangu, 318 00:20:23,700 --> 00:20:26,730 kwamba mara inaonekana sana unprofessional. 319 00:20:26,730 --> 00:20:30,760 Hivyo, mimi lazima kwenda katika CSS yangu na kujua nini sehemu ya CSS yangu ni kuvunja hapa. 320 00:20:30,760 --> 00:20:35,090 Kwa nini si kuonyesha usahihi na kurekebisha ili wote watumiaji unaweza kuona tovuti hiyo 321 00:20:35,090 --> 00:20:37,770 na kuwa kama furaha. 322 00:20:37,770 --> 00:20:44,280 >> Na hatimaye, vizuri, browser viwambo ni nzuri kwa ajili ya kupima CSS yako, 323 00:20:44,280 --> 00:20:46,020 lakini nini kuhusu JavaScript yako? 324 00:20:46,020 --> 00:20:48,660 Nini kuhusu kama una baadhi ya script ngumu kwamba mbio? 325 00:20:48,660 --> 00:20:50,460 Vizuri, unaweza daima kufanya virtualization. 326 00:20:50,460 --> 00:20:56,360 Kama una Mac unaweza kutumia Bootcamp au VMWare kwa virtualize labda nakala ya 327 00:20:56,360 --> 00:20:59,540 Madirisha na matumizi ya Internet Explorer huko. 328 00:20:59,540 --> 00:21:03,400 Au, unaweza kwenda kwenye kitu kama Spoon.net, ambayo kwa bahati mbaya tu kazi ya PC. 329 00:21:03,400 --> 00:21:05,290 Lakini wanachokifanya ni baridi sana. 330 00:21:05,290 --> 00:21:10,080 Wao virtualize programu kwa ajili yenu ili uweze kukimbia matoleo tofauti ya IE, kwa mfano. 331 00:21:10,080 --> 00:21:12,080 Unaweza kukimbia matoleo tofauti ya Firefox. 332 00:21:12,080 --> 00:21:15,720 Unaweza kukimbia matoleo tofauti ya Safari na mtihani nje yote ya tovuti yako huko. 333 00:21:15,720 --> 00:21:18,360 Kwa bahati mbaya, wao si bure. 334 00:21:18,360 --> 00:21:20,860 Hiyo ni huduma ya kulipwa, hivyo daima kuna aina ya hii - 335 00:21:20,860 --> 00:21:26,070 daima kuna aina ya biashara hii ya mbali kati, vizuri, mimi kwenda kufanya tovuti yangu kuangalia vizuri. 336 00:21:26,070 --> 00:21:31,970 Kama ni hivyo, mimi ili kuwa na kulipa kwa baadhi ya huduma kusaidia mimi kufanya hivyo. 337 00:21:31,970 --> 00:21:35,890 Maswali yoyote katika hatua hii ya juu ya kitu chochote kwamba kuongelea? 338 00:21:38,500 --> 00:21:41,210 Kutisha. Sawa. 339 00:21:41,210 --> 00:21:43,870 >> Sasa tuna mambo zaidi ya kuzungumzia. 340 00:21:43,870 --> 00:21:45,820 Vipi kuhusu makosa? 341 00:21:45,820 --> 00:21:48,670 Jinsi gani unaweza kuhakikisha kwamba tovuti yako ni kwenda kazi hata wakati 342 00:21:48,670 --> 00:21:50,150 kitu mbaya hutokea? 343 00:21:50,150 --> 00:21:53,940 Labda huna ukurasa aitwaye food.php. 344 00:21:53,940 --> 00:21:57,000 Lakini mimi, nenda kwa tovuti yako na mimi kujaribu kupata food.php. 345 00:21:57,000 --> 00:22:00,770 Ni wewe tu kwenda kuonyesha yangu kwamba ukurasa nyeupe kwamba anasema 404 - Picha si kupatikana? 346 00:22:00,770 --> 00:22:04,400 Au ni wewe kwenda kusema, "Naam, mimi nina sorry kwamba sikuweza kupata hii kwa ajili yenu, 347 00:22:04,400 --> 00:22:08,520 lakini labda hapa ni baadhi ya rasilimali nyingine ya kukusaidia kutafuta unahitaji nini. " 348 00:22:08,520 --> 00:22:13,180 Makosa mengine - hivyo, hii inaitwa HTTP makosa ambayo ni haki ya namba makosa baadhi 349 00:22:13,180 --> 00:22:17,130 kuwa server yako anaweza kuwa kurejea kwa browser katika kesi ya kinachotokea kitu mbaya. 350 00:22:17,130 --> 00:22:20,160 400 - Bad Ombi. 401 - ruhusa. 351 00:22:20,160 --> 00:22:25,560 403 ni aina ya kawaida wakati una saraka si kwamba zinatakiwa kupatikana 352 00:22:25,560 --> 00:22:27,310 kwa mtumiaji, lakini mtumiaji anajaribu anyway. 353 00:22:27,310 --> 00:22:30,840 Na 500 - Ndani Server Error - ambayo kwa kawaida hutokea wakati una kitu 354 00:22:30,840 --> 00:22:33,070 mbaya kweli kweli kinachoendelea na kanuni yako PHP. 355 00:22:33,070 --> 00:22:36,140 Lakini katika hali yoyote, hayo aina ya browsers - hawa aina ya makosa kutokea. 356 00:22:36,140 --> 00:22:40,550 >> Hivyo, jinsi ya kufanya kuhakikisha kwamba gracefully kushughulikia makosa hayo 357 00:22:40,550 --> 00:22:43,230 na kuhakikisha kwamba mtumiaji si tu aina ya kunyongwa huko? 358 00:22:46,850 --> 00:22:48,850 Hiyo inakuja htaccess.. 359 00:22:48,850 --> 00:22:51,300 Sasa, htaccess. Ni kitu ambacho kazi na Apache watumishi, 360 00:22:51,300 --> 00:22:55,550 kitu ambacho kazi na kazi kwenye seva nyingine chache kama vile. 361 00:22:55,550 --> 00:23:01,350 Hii ni njia tu kwa configure server yako kama kwamba 362 00:23:01,350 --> 00:23:04,470 unaweza kufanya hivyo kufanya chochote unataka kufanya. 363 00:23:04,470 --> 00:23:06,790 Baadhi ya mambo unaweza kufanya. Unaweza kudhibiti cache mazingira yako. 364 00:23:06,790 --> 00:23:11,290 Labda kuna ukurasa mmoja kwenye tovuti yako kwamba kuhakikisha kwamba mtumiaji 365 00:23:11,290 --> 00:23:14,740 re-download kila wakati mtumiaji huja na kutembelea tovuti yako. 366 00:23:14,740 --> 00:23:26,980 Au labda wewe na baadhi ya URL hiyo ni kama yoursite.com / mtihani / html kurasa / / hello.html 367 00:23:26,980 --> 00:23:31,270 na wewe tu unataka kwamba kuwa yourname.com / hujambo - vizuri, unaweza kutumia htaccess. 368 00:23:31,270 --> 00:23:34,760 kuelekeza moja webpage na mwingine. 369 00:23:34,760 --> 00:23:36,600 Unaweza pia kutumia kufanya uthibitisho. 370 00:23:36,600 --> 00:23:39,890 Labda kuna baadhi ya sehemu ya tovuti yako kwamba unahitaji kutumia mwingine password. 371 00:23:39,890 --> 00:23:42,620 Unaweza kuzuia anwani ya IP fulani, kuzuia nyanja fulani. 372 00:23:42,620 --> 00:23:46,770 Labda wewe tu kweli si kama wanafunzi Harvard kutumia tovuti yako. 373 00:23:46,770 --> 00:23:49,910 Naam, una fursa ya kuzuia kila anwani ya IP Harvard. 374 00:23:49,910 --> 00:23:56,370 >> Hatimaye, unaweza kutibu mambo - unaweza kuandika kanuni fulani kufanya server yako 375 00:23:56,370 --> 00:24:03,100 kutibu kama kurasa. Zhao au jina lako. au. hujambo kama kanuni PHP. 376 00:24:03,100 --> 00:24:05,170 Labda kwamba itabidi kuwa na manufaa. Labda hiyo hautakuwa. 377 00:24:05,170 --> 00:24:07,980 Na hatimaye, unaweza kuitumia kushughulikia majibu makosa. 378 00:24:07,980 --> 00:24:10,300 Je, ina maana na kwamba? 379 00:24:10,300 --> 00:24:16,030 Kama wewe tu kuongeza kanuni kama hii - ErrorDocument 404 na kisha kuwaelekeza baadhi 380 00:24:16,030 --> 00:24:20,440 kosa ukurasa, unaweza kuhakikisha kwamba mtumiaji haina tu kuona kweli, kweli mbaya 381 00:24:20,440 --> 00:24:23,550 404 na kuwaonyesha kitu kizuri. 382 00:24:23,550 --> 00:24:29,000 >> Hebu kweli kuangalia jinsi gani tunaweza kufanya hivyo na pset yako 7. 383 00:24:29,000 --> 00:24:34,190 Hapa, mimi nina katika appliance yangu. 384 00:24:34,190 --> 00:24:38,440 Mimi naenda kufungua Chrome, na basi mimi nina kwenda kujaribu kupata ukurasa 385 00:24:38,440 --> 00:24:43,350 kwamba haipo ya Fedha CS50. 386 00:24:43,350 --> 00:24:52,710 Hivyo, mwenyeji wa ndani - cats.php-hivyo, taarifa kwamba mimi umba hati kosa 387 00:24:52,710 --> 00:24:54,770 kwamba anasema, "Canz si kupata z ukurasa!" 388 00:24:54,770 --> 00:24:56,990 Ina paka kusikitisha sana juu yake. 389 00:24:56,990 --> 00:24:59,910 Kama kwenda juu ya Twitter, kama kwenda yoyote ya maeneo haya mengine, 390 00:24:59,910 --> 00:25:02,700 huwezi kupata ukurasa, wao kawaida kujaribu kuonyesha picha cute 391 00:25:02,700 --> 00:25:04,850 hivyo kwamba wewe si pia wamepotea. 392 00:25:04,850 --> 00:25:07,830 Unaweza pia kuwa na kitu ambacho ni zaidi ya kitaaluma kwamba anasema, 393 00:25:07,830 --> 00:25:11,760 vizuri, samahani sikuweza kupata ukurasa, lakini labda hapa sanduku tafuta. 394 00:25:11,760 --> 00:25:16,750 Au labda hapa ni baadhi ya viungo ambayo itasaidia kupata kiungo kwamba unataka. 395 00:25:16,750 --> 00:25:21,410 Hivyo, jinsi gani mimi kufanya hili? Jinsi hii ni hata inawezekana? 396 00:25:21,410 --> 00:25:23,500 Kama sisi kwenda katika terminal wetu hapa - 397 00:25:23,500 --> 00:25:26,300 Mimi tu kwenda kwa kuvuta kidogo - 398 00:25:26,300 --> 00:25:30,110 taarifa kwamba mimi kuwa na ukurasa mpya. 399 00:25:30,110 --> 00:25:34,440 Ndani ya saraka yangu HTML ni kuitwa - huwezi kuona - 400 00:25:34,440 --> 00:25:37,280 ni kuitwa error.php. 401 00:25:37,280 --> 00:25:41,010 Na error.php ni faili kwamba mimi alifanya 402 00:25:41,010 --> 00:25:43,030 kwamba inaonyesha kwamba ukurasa yenyewe. 403 00:25:43,030 --> 00:25:46,710 Naweza kuonyesha nini error.php ni. 404 00:25:46,710 --> 00:25:48,710 Ni hasa ukurasa huu. 405 00:25:48,710 --> 00:25:50,710 Inasema, "Oh no Canz! Si kupata z ukurasa!" 406 00:25:50,710 --> 00:25:58,630 Na, kama unataka kuona - hivyo, taarifa kwamba htaccess aina ya ni jina weird.. 407 00:25:58,630 --> 00:26:01,040 Ni kuanza kwa nukta ambayo ina maana kwamba ni faili mfumo. 408 00:26:01,040 --> 00:26:03,360 Ni faili ya siri ambayo si kawaida umeonyesha. 409 00:26:03,360 --> 00:26:09,060 Kama wewe kufanya ls-, unaweza kuona yote ya mafaili ya siri katika saraka fulani, 410 00:26:09,060 --> 00:26:12,030 na kwa kweli, unaweza kuona htaccess ni mmoja wao.. 411 00:26:12,030 --> 00:26:15,490 Hebu kwenda mbele na kufungua htaccess. - 412 00:26:15,490 --> 00:26:19,830 na gedit - 413 00:26:19,830 --> 00:26:26,870 Boom! Mimi wote ni line moja katika hapo - Hitilafu hati kwa ajili ya makosa 404 414 00:26:26,870 --> 00:26:28,760 ambayo pia hujulikana kama makosa faili-si-kupatikana. 415 00:26:28,760 --> 00:26:32,720 Hebu kuelekeza yao kwa kitu kinachoitwa error.php. 416 00:26:36,100 --> 00:26:42,030 Unaweza kuwa na mambo ya kujifurahisha kama canz si kupata z ukurasa! 417 00:26:42,030 --> 00:26:46,770 Na pia kuna baridi sana mambo ambayo unaweza kufanya na. Htaccess. 418 00:26:46,770 --> 00:26:49,520 Kama unataka kuona zaidi. Htaccess uchawi, 419 00:26:49,520 --> 00:26:56,470 hii ni tovuti baridi sana kwenda - ni kuitwa javascriptkit.com/howto/htaccess.shtml-- 420 00:26:56,470 --> 00:27:01,880 kama unataka kufanya zaidi server uchawi. Na inaweza kuwa furaha sana. 421 00:27:01,880 --> 00:27:05,490 >> Whew! Yote ya haki! Zaidi cute picha. 422 00:27:05,490 --> 00:27:10,060 Hii ni guy kufanya kushinikiza-ups, na paka wake ni kujaribu kusaidia. Nadhani ni cute sana. 423 00:27:10,060 --> 00:27:14,830 Kwa bahati mbaya, sina paka kama hiyo. 424 00:27:14,830 --> 00:27:17,640 Wote haki. Hivyo, tumekuwa kuongelea htaccess.. 425 00:27:17,640 --> 00:27:19,640 Tumekuwa kuongelea utunzaji makosa. 426 00:27:19,640 --> 00:27:20,940 Tumekuwa kuongelea hosting, domain majina. 427 00:27:20,940 --> 00:27:23,230 Tumekuwa kuongelea utangamano msalaba-browser. 428 00:27:23,230 --> 00:27:25,210 Sasa ni jinsi gani sisi kuhakikisha kwamba tovuti yako kweli hufanya? 429 00:27:25,210 --> 00:27:26,950 Jinsi gani sisi kuhakikisha kwamba kama mimi kwenda kwa tovuti yako 430 00:27:26,950 --> 00:27:29,830 Naweza kuona ukurasa wako ndani ya sekunde chache? 431 00:27:29,830 --> 00:27:33,520 Moja ya mambo ambayo nadhani watu tu aina ya kusahau kuhusu 432 00:27:33,520 --> 00:27:36,160 ni mfano optimization. 433 00:27:36,160 --> 00:27:37,560 Hebu kusema kwamba alitaka kuweka picha kwenye tovuti yako 434 00:27:37,560 --> 00:27:40,330 na ni 2 MG kubwa. 435 00:27:40,330 --> 00:27:42,670 Ambayo inaweza kuwa faini kwa ajili yetu kwa sababu tuko katika Harvard, 436 00:27:42,670 --> 00:27:45,000 na tuna haraka sana internet connection. 437 00:27:45,000 --> 00:27:47,470 Lakini kufikiria mtu nchini China. Kufikiria mtu nchini India. 438 00:27:47,470 --> 00:27:52,440 kufikiria mtu labda katika maeneo ya vijijini Kansas ambaye labda hana aina hiyo ya 439 00:27:52,440 --> 00:27:54,690 broadband Internet kwamba tuna. 440 00:27:54,690 --> 00:27:57,710 Kama una 2 MB picha kwenye tovuti yako na user ni kujaribu kupata hiyo, 441 00:27:57,710 --> 00:28:00,890 ni kwenda kuchukua muda kweli kwa muda mrefu na download. 442 00:28:00,890 --> 00:28:04,160 Hivyo, kama huna haja ya kuwa aina ya azimio, 443 00:28:04,160 --> 00:28:09,220 basi unaweza resize picha yako na kitu kama Adobe duka Picha. 444 00:28:09,220 --> 00:28:13,400 Kuna kawaida ya chaguo aitwaye salama kwa ajili ya mtandao na vifaa, 445 00:28:13,400 --> 00:28:15,850 na kile yake ni hutawala nje wote wa habari lazima 446 00:28:15,850 --> 00:28:20,160 na aina ya compacts faili yako katika kawaida kidogo picha ili uweze 447 00:28:20,160 --> 00:28:22,960 kuweka kwenye tovuti yako, na user yoyote ambaye anajaribu kushusha kwamba ukurasa 448 00:28:22,960 --> 00:28:26,950 ni kwenda kushusha toleo ndogo ya picha yako. 449 00:28:26,950 --> 00:28:28,230 Kama huna Adobe Picha Shop 450 00:28:28,230 --> 00:28:32,650 webresizer.com pia ni mwingine wa rasilimali ambapo unaweza pembejeo picha yako 451 00:28:32,650 --> 00:28:36,470 na itakuwa mate nje exact picha, 452 00:28:36,470 --> 00:28:39,970 lakini itakuwa kitu kama mara 3 vidogo vidogo. 453 00:28:39,970 --> 00:28:41,970 Hivyo kwamba ni muhimu sana kwa watumiaji. 454 00:28:41,970 --> 00:28:45,930 >> Kitu kingine kwamba unaweza kufanya ni minify kanuni. 455 00:28:45,930 --> 00:28:48,460 Kama sisi kuangalia Google.com, 456 00:28:48,460 --> 00:28:56,400 utaona kwamba siyo aina ya HTML na CSS huo kwamba sisi ni kutumika. 457 00:28:56,400 --> 00:29:02,250 Tu kwenda kuangalia kanuni chanzo hapa. 458 00:29:02,250 --> 00:29:07,600 Kama mimi tu kitabu chini - wow, kwamba inaonekana pretty disgusting. 459 00:29:07,600 --> 00:29:09,650 Hii itakuwa kupata sifuri juu ya mtindo. 460 00:29:09,650 --> 00:29:13,470 Kama wewe coded hii kwa pset yako, utapata sifuri juu style yako. 461 00:29:13,470 --> 00:29:16,990 Hii haina nafasi. majina ya kuangalia kweli fumbo. 462 00:29:16,990 --> 00:29:19,800 Ni wote kweli disgusting. 463 00:29:19,800 --> 00:29:24,060 Na script karibu katika mwili - HTML kufunga - 464 00:29:24,060 --> 00:29:26,280 wao ni wote pamoja - wote smushed pamoja. 465 00:29:26,280 --> 00:29:28,280 Kwa nini wanafanya jambo hili? 466 00:29:28,280 --> 00:29:30,650 Wao minified kanuni zao. 467 00:29:30,650 --> 00:29:33,310 Taarifa kwamba hati hii ni kwenda kuwa mengi madogo 468 00:29:33,310 --> 00:29:36,660 kwa mimi kushusha kuliko kitu na nafasi nyeupe, 469 00:29:36,660 --> 00:29:39,410 kuliko kitu na majina ya kweli kwa muda mrefu kutofautiana. 470 00:29:39,410 --> 00:29:41,710 Kama wewe minify kanuni yako wewe strip nje nafasi zote nyeupe. 471 00:29:41,710 --> 00:29:45,960 Bila shaka, browser yako haina huduma kama una nafasi nyeupe katika kanuni yako. 472 00:29:45,960 --> 00:29:49,630 Strip nje, sasa mimi kushusha faili ndogo - 473 00:29:49,630 --> 00:29:52,770 sasa faili - hati kwamba sisi ni kwenda kushusha ina ndogo faili, 474 00:29:52,770 --> 00:29:56,180 itakuwa ni kwa kasi zaidi kwa ajili yangu na kushusha, na kwamba ni muhimu. 475 00:29:56,180 --> 00:30:01,550 Kama wewe ni kufanya kazi pamoja na tovuti na wewe ni uzinduzi wa tovuti, 476 00:30:01,550 --> 00:30:04,630 karibu ni jambo jema daima minify code yako. 477 00:30:04,630 --> 00:30:08,150 Sababu nyingine inaweza kuwa nzuri ni labda hawataki wengine kutumia code yako. 478 00:30:08,150 --> 00:30:11,050 Labda hutaki wengine kutumia CSS yako. 479 00:30:11,050 --> 00:30:13,460 Unajua kama kweli alitaka kuwa bahili na kwamba, 480 00:30:13,460 --> 00:30:16,670 basi unaweza pia minify code yako, na itakuwa ni vigumu kwa mimi kuiba ni 481 00:30:16,670 --> 00:30:19,170 kwa sababu mimi sijui nini kinaendelea. 482 00:30:19,170 --> 00:30:22,990 Unaweza pia kwenda kwenye tovuti kama minify.avivo.si. 483 00:30:22,990 --> 00:30:27,900 Huduma kama hii online kukusaidia minify kanuni yako ili huna kufanya hivyo kwa mkono. 484 00:30:27,900 --> 00:30:30,080 Dhahiri si kufanya hivyo kwa mkono. 485 00:30:30,080 --> 00:30:32,210 >> Sawa. Sasa kusema juu ya hati. 486 00:30:32,210 --> 00:30:35,040 Labda katika kanuni yako PHP kuna kitu ambacho huna haja ya kufanya. 487 00:30:35,040 --> 00:30:37,910 Labda kuna ziada mizunguko huko. 488 00:30:37,910 --> 00:30:40,850 Kuongelea kubuni kanuni katika CS50. 489 00:30:40,850 --> 00:30:44,550 Hata kama wewe ni coding katika C kama una - kama wewe ni kufanya kazi ya ziada 490 00:30:44,550 --> 00:30:49,440 kwamba huna haja ya kufanya vizuri, hiyo ni kwenda polepole chini ya maandiko yako kwenye tovuti yako, 491 00:30:49,440 --> 00:30:53,280 na hii ni muhimu hasa kwa ajili ya Nje kwa sababu watumiaji siku hizi ni papara. 492 00:30:53,280 --> 00:30:56,110 Kama wewe ni kufanya kazi ya lazima, ni kwenda kuchukua tena 493 00:30:56,110 --> 00:31:00,080 kupata habari kwamba wanataka, na wao wanaenda kuwa na furaha sana. 494 00:31:00,080 --> 00:31:02,200 Hatimaye, unaweza kutaka kuongeza database meza yako. 495 00:31:02,200 --> 00:31:05,020 Kumbuka kuongelea bahati. 496 00:31:05,020 --> 00:31:09,420 Wao siyo nzuri tu kwa ajili ya kufanya kuhakikisha kwamba una mstari kwamba ni ya kipekee. 497 00:31:09,420 --> 00:31:12,440 Wao ni vizuri pia kwa ajili ya kuhakikisha kuwa orodha yako ya kazi kwa haraka. 498 00:31:12,440 --> 00:31:16,240 Kama unataka kusoma juu ya go kwamba nyaraka MySQL, 499 00:31:16,240 --> 00:31:18,710 au unaweza kuangalia - vizuri, jinsi gani mimi kuongeza database yangu meza? 500 00:31:18,710 --> 00:31:23,350 Je, mimi kuhakikisha kwamba nina fahirisi kwamba kunisaidia kupata habari kasi? 501 00:31:23,350 --> 00:31:27,300 >> Pia kuna kidogo tricks kwamba unaweza kutumia kama Caching. 502 00:31:27,300 --> 00:31:28,980 Kama una PHP - kama una blog, kwa mfano, 503 00:31:28,980 --> 00:31:31,980 na una - na ni powered by PHP au kwa lugha nyingine yoyote - 504 00:31:31,980 --> 00:31:37,690 unaweza cache blog yako katika wa wacha kusema vipindi 50-dakika ili uweze kumtumikia kurasa tuli 505 00:31:37,690 --> 00:31:40,610 au tuli HTML wageni wa tovuti yako. 506 00:31:40,610 --> 00:31:43,380 Kwamba njia ya watumiaji hawana kuendesha script yako PHP kila wakati, 507 00:31:43,380 --> 00:31:47,410 na labda kwamba itakuwa kwa kasi kwa wao kupata habari. 508 00:31:47,410 --> 00:31:49,410 >> Na hatimaye, unaweza kutumia kitu kama CDN. 509 00:31:49,410 --> 00:31:51,900 Taarifa kwamba wakati wowote kushusha pset, 510 00:31:51,900 --> 00:31:54,890 wewe daima kwenda CDN.CS50.net. Nini ni hivyo? 511 00:31:54,890 --> 00:32:01,540 CS50 pia hutumia aina ya kama CDN - usambazaji maudhui mtandao - 512 00:32:01,540 --> 00:32:06,120 ambayo ina maana kwamba ni rundo la seva labda mahali fulani duniani kote 513 00:32:06,120 --> 00:32:08,120 kwamba msaada kumtumikia kurasa yako kwa wageni wako. 514 00:32:08,120 --> 00:32:13,770 Kama mgeni wako ni kupata ukurasa kutoka server kwamba ni karibu nao kijiografia, 515 00:32:13,770 --> 00:32:16,770 kisha zaidi uwezekano mgeni wako ni kwenda kupata kwamba faili mengi kwa kasi. 516 00:32:16,770 --> 00:32:20,490 Pia kuna vyanzo online kwamba kukusaidia kufanya hivyo. 517 00:32:20,490 --> 00:32:24,070 Mmoja wao ni CloudFlare. Wao kutoa bure CDN huduma. 518 00:32:24,070 --> 00:32:26,020 Kama una faili kubwa kwamba kumtumikia yako kwa watumiaji wako, 519 00:32:26,020 --> 00:32:32,260 basi pengine ni bora kuweka yao CDN ili waweze kupata kwao kwa kasi zaidi. 520 00:32:32,260 --> 00:32:39,070 >> mada ya mwisho kwa siku ni search engine optimization. 521 00:32:39,070 --> 00:32:41,070 Je, ni search engine optimization? 522 00:32:41,070 --> 00:32:44,070 Hiyo ni kuhakikisha kwamba search injini kama Google au Bing au Yahoo 523 00:32:44,070 --> 00:32:50,740 unaweza kwenda kwenye tovuti yako na kutambaa tovuti yako na index tovuti yako na wakati 524 00:32:50,740 --> 00:32:53,040 Mimi, kwa mfano, kwenda kwenye Google.com na mimi kujaribu kutafuta kitu, 525 00:32:53,040 --> 00:32:55,040 kisha tovuti yako pop up. 526 00:32:55,040 --> 00:32:57,000 Jinsi gani unaweza kuhakikisha kwamba tovuti yako ni moja ya 10 ya juu? 527 00:32:57,000 --> 00:33:00,000 Kwa sababu kama sisi wote kujua, kama wewe tafuta kwa ajili ya kitu juu ya Google 528 00:33:00,000 --> 00:33:02,880 na si juu ya 10 ya juu wewe ni zaidi uwezekano si kwenda kuangalia katika 10 ijayo. 529 00:33:02,880 --> 00:33:07,160 Hii ni aina ya mada hiyo yamefunikwa na siri. 530 00:33:07,160 --> 00:33:09,850 Kuna mengi ya Hype huko nje ya mtandao. 531 00:33:09,850 --> 00:33:14,680 Kuna mengi ya ushirikina juu kama huna x basi Google kama wewe bora. 532 00:33:14,680 --> 00:33:16,680 Kama huna y basi Google kama wewe bora. 533 00:33:16,680 --> 00:33:19,680 Ni pengine bora kuangalia katika nyaraka kubwa search yenyewe. 534 00:33:19,680 --> 00:33:27,470 >> Hii ni moja ya hati juu ya Google kwamba kukuambia jinsi gani ya kuongeza tovuti yako 535 00:33:27,470 --> 00:33:30,860 hivyo kwamba Google wanaweza kupata na index ni vizuri mno. 536 00:33:30,860 --> 00:33:33,680 Huwezi kuwa na nakala chini URL hii kwa sababu mada hii ni kwenda 537 00:33:33,680 --> 00:33:36,680 kuwa online anyway. 538 00:33:36,680 --> 00:33:38,770 Kama ukiangalia katika hili na kusoma hii kuna baadhi ya manufaa sana katika mwanga huko. 539 00:33:38,770 --> 00:33:42,240 Google atakwambia - kama kweli unataka tovuti yako kuwa indexed vizuri 540 00:33:42,240 --> 00:33:44,610 basi unapaswa kufanya mambo yote haya. 541 00:33:44,610 --> 00:33:47,570 >> Kitu kingine kwamba search injini kweli kama ni safi maudhui. 542 00:33:47,570 --> 00:33:49,500 Kama una maudhui hiyo updated sana mara kwa mara 543 00:33:49,500 --> 00:33:51,950 kisha search injini kusema, ooh, mimi kama tovuti yako. 544 00:33:51,950 --> 00:33:53,950 Mimi nina kwenda kwa tovuti yako mara nyingi sana. 545 00:33:53,950 --> 00:33:56,840 Mimi nina kwenda index mengi ya kurasa yako. 546 00:33:56,840 --> 00:33:59,560 Kama una maudhui safi basi wewe ni zaidi ya uwezekano wa show up - 547 00:33:59,560 --> 00:34:02,540 wewe ni zaidi uwezekano wa kuwa zaidi husika. 548 00:34:02,540 --> 00:34:04,630 Wewe ni zaidi uwezekano wa kuwa zaidi updated, 549 00:34:04,630 --> 00:34:08,860 na search injini ni zaidi ya uwezekano wa kuweka tovuti yako juu ya wengine. 550 00:34:08,860 --> 00:34:10,860 >> Viungo kina ni muhimu pia. 551 00:34:10,860 --> 00:34:13,530 Kama kweli alitaka tovuti yako ya kuangalia vizuri katika macho ya injini ya utafutaji 552 00:34:13,530 --> 00:34:18,090 kuwa mengi ya tovuti nyingine wanaohusishwa na hilo na wanaohusishwa undani katika tovuti yako. 553 00:34:18,090 --> 00:34:20,090 Je, si tu zilizounganishwa na ukurasa wako. 554 00:34:20,090 --> 00:34:26,719 Link labda yourname.com / kitu / jambo / something.php. 555 00:34:26,719 --> 00:34:29,840 Kwamba - kwa injini ya utafutaji - njia, wow, wana kweli kuvutia maudhui 556 00:34:29,840 --> 00:34:35,350 kwamba mtu mwingine ni kuunganisha ili undani katika tovuti yao kwamba mimi lazima kweli, kweli 557 00:34:35,350 --> 00:34:38,260 kuweka umuhimu zaidi kwenye kurasa tovuti. 558 00:34:38,260 --> 00:34:41,940 >> Kama una vyeo ukurasa sahihi, kama una makosa hakuna hiyo ni nzuri kwa sababu 559 00:34:41,940 --> 00:34:44,670 kama injini ya kutafuta ni kujaribu kutembelea tovuti yako, na ni kupata kosa, 560 00:34:44,670 --> 00:34:46,780 pengine ni kwenda kutoa juu sana, sana hivi karibuni. 561 00:34:46,780 --> 00:34:49,510 Na hatimaye, unataka kuwa na kufunga mzigo huo kwa sababu search injini - 562 00:34:49,510 --> 00:34:53,820 tu kama binadamu - usiangamize 'kuwa na mengi ya uvumilivu kwa ajili ya Nje polepole. 563 00:34:53,820 --> 00:34:57,070 Hii ni njia kwa ajili yenu ili kuhakikisha kwamba wewe show up juu katika 564 00:34:57,070 --> 00:35:01,390 kutafuta maswali injini na hopefully na hivyo kupata zaidi trafiki. 565 00:35:01,390 --> 00:35:04,730 Kwa sababu baada ya yote, ve alitumia muda wote huu zinazoendelea tovuti yako. 566 00:35:04,730 --> 00:35:06,280 Wewe alitumia muda wote huu uzinduzi huu online tovuti. 567 00:35:06,280 --> 00:35:11,780 Unataka kuhakikisha kwamba una mengi ya watumiaji ambao kwa kweli kuona maudhui yako. 568 00:35:13,330 --> 00:35:15,660 >> Rasilimali nyingine nzuri ya kutumia. 569 00:35:15,660 --> 00:35:19,210 Google Webmaster Tools ni kitu cha kuangalia katika. 570 00:35:19,210 --> 00:35:21,780 Hii tu husaidia kuona Google - si Indexing tovuti yangu. 571 00:35:21,780 --> 00:35:24,490 Aina gani ya makosa ni yake kukutana? 572 00:35:24,490 --> 00:35:27,490 Jinsi kurasa nyingi imekuwa ni indexed? 573 00:35:27,490 --> 00:35:29,490 Ni nini unafikiri ni maudhui muhimu katika ukurasa wangu? 574 00:35:29,490 --> 00:35:31,490 Labda si kwamba nini nataka iwe. 575 00:35:31,490 --> 00:35:36,880 Labda mimi haja ya kubadili tovuti yangu kidogo vile kwamba ni bora yalijitokeza 576 00:35:36,880 --> 00:35:38,880 kile tovuti yangu ni kweli kuhusu. 577 00:35:38,880 --> 00:35:41,000 Google Analytics ni chombo mwingine kweli cool. 578 00:35:41,000 --> 00:35:44,120 Unaweza kuongeza kidogo ya JavaScript kurasa yako. 579 00:35:44,120 --> 00:35:47,020 Na kisha baadaye unaweza kwenda Google Analytics, na itakuwa kufuatilia 580 00:35:47,020 --> 00:35:49,020 mgeni wako idadi ya watu na tovuti yako ukuaji wa uchumi. 581 00:35:49,020 --> 00:35:51,810 Ni nitakuambia hasa jinsi wageni wengi kutembelea tovuti yako 582 00:35:51,810 --> 00:35:55,310 ndani ya siku fulani, ndani ya saa fulani, ndani ya wiki fulani. 583 00:35:55,310 --> 00:35:57,310 Jinsi wageni wengi kutoka China? Jinsi wageni wengi kutoka Antaktika - 584 00:35:57,310 --> 00:35:59,310 wewe ni kupata na tovuti yako. 585 00:35:59,310 --> 00:36:03,470 ambayo inaweza kuwa kitu baridi kuona au inaweza hata kuwa na manufaa 586 00:36:03,470 --> 00:36:05,470 kwa sababu wewe ni kujaribu kulenga kundi fulani. 587 00:36:05,470 --> 00:36:08,410 Labda wewe ni kujaribu kwa lengo vijana na tovuti yako, na unaweza kuona kwamba 588 00:36:08,410 --> 00:36:11,410 wengi ya wageni na tovuti yako ni labda 30 - kwa watoto wa miaka 40, 589 00:36:11,410 --> 00:36:15,130 basi labda ama una tatizo au unaweza kusema tu, 590 00:36:15,130 --> 00:36:19,590 vizuri, basi labda mimi lazima tu mabadiliko ya mtazamo tovuti yangu ili kwamba 591 00:36:19,590 --> 00:36:22,240 Mimi kuzingatia zaidi juu ya kundi hilo. 592 00:36:22,240 --> 00:36:28,500 >> Programu za Google - kama alitaka kuwa na aina ya barua pepe na jina la uwanja wako - 593 00:36:28,500 --> 00:36:31,230 labda kitu kama yourname@yourname.com-- 594 00:36:31,230 --> 00:36:35,270 unaweza kutumia anwani gmail - unaweza kutumia huduma ya gmail 595 00:36:35,270 --> 00:36:38,500 na Google Apps ni njia mojawapo ya kufanya hivyo. 596 00:36:38,500 --> 00:36:44,050 Unaweza kuanzisha anwani za barua pepe maalum kwamba ni maalum kwa jina la uwanja wako 597 00:36:44,050 --> 00:36:46,800 badala of@gmail.com. 598 00:36:46,800 --> 00:36:51,840 >> Na hatimaye, kuna mtandao developer upanuzi na kuongeza nyongeza - kwa ajili ya Chrome, 599 00:36:51,840 --> 00:36:56,380 kwa Firefox, kwa browsers nyingine - kwamba kuruhusu kuingia na kukagua 600 00:36:56,380 --> 00:37:02,290 CSS, kukagua JavaScript, kuona hasa nini mbaya na script yako JavaScript, 601 00:37:02,290 --> 00:37:05,290 na labda kwamba utakuwa muhimu kwa madhumuni yako de-bugging, kwa wewe kutafuta nje - 602 00:37:05,290 --> 00:37:08,630 vizuri, kwa nini si tovuti yangu kuonyesha usahihi katika browser hii? 603 00:37:08,630 --> 00:37:11,800 >> Na hatimaye, kama alitaka kujifunza zaidi kuhusu mada hizi wote - 604 00:37:11,800 --> 00:37:14,410 kama alitaka kujifunza zaidi juu ya HTML na CSS na JavaScript - 605 00:37:14,410 --> 00:37:16,790 kwa sababu baada ya yote, sisi tu kufunzeni kidogo kidogo - 606 00:37:16,790 --> 00:37:21,240 unaweza kwenda tovuti kama W3Schools.com kuangalia kwa rasilimali zaidi. 607 00:37:21,240 --> 00:37:26,340 Wana nzuri sana tutorials juu ya jinsi gani mimi kufanya x, au nini y maana? 608 00:37:26,340 --> 00:37:30,400 Kama alitaka kujifunza zaidi kuhusu lugha hizi unaweza tu kwenda hapa. 609 00:37:30,400 --> 00:37:37,690 >> Wote haki. Nadhani alitaka kuondoka mwisho dakika chache za hii kwa maswali, 610 00:37:37,690 --> 00:37:39,810 hivyo kuna maswali yoyote kuhusu kitu chochote kuongelea? 611 00:37:39,810 --> 00:37:43,500 [Watazamaji mwanachama] Ni aina gani ya vitu ni juu ya W3Schools na ni jinsi gani kufunikwa? 612 00:37:43,500 --> 00:37:45,500 [Yuechen Zhao] Ni aina gani ya mambo? 613 00:37:45,500 --> 00:37:50,180 Hivyo, moja ya mambo makubwa sana kwamba mimi matumizi mengi ni marejeo yao. 614 00:37:50,180 --> 00:37:54,430 Yao marejeo undani, kwa mfano kwa CSS - 615 00:37:54,430 --> 00:37:59,480 hii ina maana gani au kama wewe alitaka mabadiliko ya background ya ukurasa - 616 00:37:59,480 --> 00:38:01,480 jinsi gani unaweza kufanya hivyo? 617 00:38:01,480 --> 00:38:04,550 Ambayo browsers mkono kwamba amri? Mambo kama hayo. 618 00:38:04,550 --> 00:38:10,870 Na kisha wao pia tu na tutorials nzuri sana juu ya HTML, PHP juu, juu ya JavaScript, 619 00:38:10,870 --> 00:38:14,290 juu ya MySQL, juu ya kila aina ya mada mbalimbali. 620 00:38:14,290 --> 00:38:18,800 Wana tutorials nzuri. Wao kufundisha jinsi ya kufanya mambo. 621 00:38:18,800 --> 00:38:22,590 Ni nzuri na kuwa na uwezo wa kwenda na kujifunza zaidi kuhusu mada hizi. 622 00:38:22,590 --> 00:38:27,180 >> [Watazamaji mwanachama] HTML 5 bado ni sambamba na browsers wote huko nje. 623 00:38:27,180 --> 00:38:30,700 Je, wewe kupendekeza tu kukaa mbali kutoka humo kwa sababu ya masuala ya utangamano? 624 00:38:30,700 --> 00:38:32,700 Jinsi gani unaweza kukabiliana na kwamba? 625 00:38:32,700 --> 00:38:38,640 [Yuechen Zhao] Ndiyo, hivyo, swali ni HTML5 bado ni kiwango mtoto. 626 00:38:38,640 --> 00:38:42,030 Ni kweli si mkono na mengi ya browsers, hivyo tunapaswa kuepuka hayo? 627 00:38:42,030 --> 00:38:48,040 Nadhani mwaka jana mimi ingekuwa mtetezi kubwa sana ya, hebu kuepuka HTML5 628 00:38:48,040 --> 00:38:52,430 kwa sababu bado ni - ni bado sana mpya na kwa kweli, HTML5 kiwango 629 00:38:52,430 --> 00:38:55,610 bado haujakamilika bado. 630 00:38:55,610 --> 00:38:58,790 Na hivyo, pale kweli hakuna kiwango HTML5. 631 00:38:58,790 --> 00:39:03,840 Lakini nadhani hasa kama wewe ni kubuni tovuti ya sasa, 632 00:39:03,840 --> 00:39:07,450 inaweza kuwa bora kama wewe tu kwenda na HTML5 kwa sababu hiyo ni aina ya kwenda kuwa baadaye, 633 00:39:07,450 --> 00:39:11,250 na kama unataka tovuti yako ya kuwa baadaye-uthibitisho na unataka tovuti yako ya kufanya kazi 634 00:39:11,250 --> 00:39:14,320 katika browsers baadaye, inaweza kuwa ni bora kuanza kujenga kitu kwa ajili ya baadaye 635 00:39:14,320 --> 00:39:19,830 kuliko kwa ajili ya siku za nyuma, na pia kwa sababu tu ya ukweli kwamba HTML5 ni kweli kwamba tofauti 636 00:39:19,830 --> 00:39:23,080 kutoka HTML4 au XHTML. 637 00:39:23,080 --> 00:39:29,780 Kama ni kutumia HTML5, ni kawaida kazi katika browsers wengi. 638 00:39:29,780 --> 00:39:34,660 Wewe tu na aina ya kwenda katika na kuhakikisha na viwambo hizi 639 00:39:34,660 --> 00:39:38,630 na kuhakikisha na kwenda kwenye tovuti hizi mwenyewe. 640 00:39:38,630 --> 00:39:44,280 Lakini zaidi uwezekano itakuwa kazi kama wewe ni kutumia makala maalum sana kwa HTML5. 641 00:39:44,280 --> 00:39:50,240 Taarifa pia kwamba kwa CS50 - kwa mfano, kwa mchezaji video kwamba sisi kutumia - 642 00:39:50,240 --> 00:39:56,230 inatumia HTML5 na HTML5 video kuonyesha mihadhara. 643 00:39:56,230 --> 00:39:59,420 Lakini kama una browser kweli ya zamani, basi utakuwa kuanguka nyuma Kiwango cha. 644 00:39:59,420 --> 00:40:01,420 Hivyo, hilo pia ni kitu kingine - 645 00:40:01,420 --> 00:40:05,190 kuwa na mfumo kuanguka-nyuma kwa wakati wewe tu kujua kwamba browser si kwenda kushughulikia 646 00:40:05,190 --> 00:40:08,140 nini unataka kushughulikia. 647 00:40:08,140 --> 00:40:10,140 >> Maswali mengine? 648 00:40:10,140 --> 00:40:13,270 Kitu kwamba kuongelea. 649 00:40:16,910 --> 00:40:20,750 Wote haki. Basi nadhani hiyo ni juu yake kwa ajili yangu. 650 00:40:20,750 --> 00:40:23,090 Nadhani hiyo ni yake. 651 00:40:23,090 --> 00:40:28,430 (Makofi) 652 00:40:28,430 --> 00:40:30,000 Baridi. 653 00:40:30,500 --> 00:40:32,700 [CS50.TV]