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>> [MUSIC]

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>> DAVID J. Malan: zote haki.

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Hivyo hii ni CS50 na hii
ni mwisho wa wiki 10.

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Hivyo baadhi yenu wanaweza kuona hii
tayari, lakini unasambazwa ya marehemu

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ni makala kwamba mimi walidhani Ningependa kusoma
Excerpt kutoka na kisha kuonyesha

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dakika tatu video ambayo inatengeneza
picha hiyo.

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Ni kweli hadithi kugusa, mimi
mawazo, ya hii makutano ya

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ulimwengu halisi na ya dhati ya kulazimisha
matumizi ya teknolojia.

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>> Hivyo makala alikuwa na haki, "mvulana
oversleeps kwenye treni, inatumia Google Maps

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kupata familia miaka 25 baadaye. "Na
kwanza ya wanandoa wa aya walikuwa,

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"Wakati Saroo umri wa miaka mitano alikwenda
pamoja na kaka yake kwa scrounge kwa

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mabadiliko ya treni ya abiria
katika mji juu ya masaa mawili

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kutoka nchi yake ndogo.

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Saroo alichoka na hopped juu ya
jirani treni ambapo yeye mawazo yake

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ndugu alikuwa, kisha usingizi.

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Wakati yeye woke up alikuwa katika Calcutta,
karibu 900 maili.

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Saroo walijaribu kutafuta njia yake
nyuma, lakini hakujua

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jina la mji wake.

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Na kama hawajui kusoma na kuandika katika vidogo kijana kubwa
mji kamili ya watoto wamesahau alikuwa

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karibu hakuna nafasi ya kupata nyumbani.

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>> Alikuwa mtoto wa mitaani kwa muda mpaka
mitaa kupitishwa shirika yatakuwapo

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yake juu na michache ya Australia
ambao akampeleka kwa

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kuishi katika Hobart, Tasmania.

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Saroo kuhamia huko, kujifunza
Kiingereza, na kukulia.

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Lakini yeye kamwe kusimamishwa kuangalia kwa
familia yake na kijiji chake.

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>> Miongo kadhaa baadaye, aligundua Google
Dunia na nyimbo ikifuatiwa reli.

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Na kutoa mwenyewe radius eda
msingi ya muda gani alidhani alikuwa

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amelala na jinsi ya kufunga alidhani treni
kinachoendelea, alijua yeye d mzima

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katika hali ya hewa ya joto, alijua aliongea
Hindi kama mtoto, na yeye d wameambiwa

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kwamba yeye alikuwa anaonekana kama
mara kutoka Mashariki ya India.

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>> Hatimaye, baada ya miaka ya scouring
photos satellite, yeye

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alizitambua wachache.

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Na baada ya kuzungumza na msimamizi
ya mji wa jirani ya

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Ukurasa wa Facebook, akagundua
yeye d kupatikana nyumbani. "

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>> Hivyo hapa basi ni video kuwaambia
kwamba hadithi kutoka katika mtazamo wake.

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>> [Video avspelning]

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>> -Ni miaka 26 iliyopita na mimi alikuwa na
tu kuhusu kurejea tano.

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Tulipata kituo cha mafunzo na
sisi walipanda treni pamoja.

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Ndugu yangu tu alisema mimi itabidi kukaa
hapa na mimi itabidi kuja nyuma.

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Na mimi tu mawazo, pia, unajua, mimi
ili kama vile tu kwenda kulala na

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basi itabidi wake me up.

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Na wakati mimi kuamka siku iliyofuata,
inasimamia nzima ilikuwa tupu juu ya hali ya juu

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treni, treni mzimu kuchukua
mimi sijui wapi.

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>> Mimi ilipitishwa nje ya Australia
kwa familia ya Australia.

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Na Mama alikuwa decorated chumba yangu na
ramani ya India, ambayo yeye

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kuweka karibu na kitanda changu.

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Nilipoamka kila asubuhi kuona kwamba ramani,
na hivyo, ni aina ya agizo

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kumbukumbu hai.

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>> Watu kusema, wewe ni kujaribu
kupata sindano katika haystack.

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Saroo, hutaweza kupata hiyo.

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Ningependa kuwa uangazavyo ya maeneo ambayo
Nilikuwa kwenda, uangazavyo

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wa nyuso ya familia yangu.

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Kulikuwa na picha ya mama yangu amekaa
chini na miguu yake walivuka

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tu kuangalia kilio yake.

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Maisha ni ngumu hivyo tu.

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Hiyo ilikuwa ni hazina yangu.

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>> Na nilikuwa kutafuta katika Google Map na
barabara kuna Google Earth pia.

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Katika dunia ambapo unaweza kuvuta ndani ya mimi
kuanza kuwa na mawazo haya yote na

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nini uwezekano kwamba
hii inaweza kufanya kwa ajili yangu.

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Mimi nikajisemea, vizuri, unajua,
nimepata picha kila

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kumbukumbu na alama ambapo wewe ni
kutoka na unajua nini

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mji inaonekana kama.

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Hii inaweza kuwa maombi kwamba wewe
unaweza kutumia ili kupata njia yako ya nyuma.

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>> Nilidhani, vizuri, mimi itabidi kuweka nukta kwenye
Calcutta Train Station katika radius

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Mpya kwamba unapaswa kutafuta
kuzunguka eneo hili.

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Nimekuja katika nyimbo hizi treni.

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Na mimi kuanza kufuatia yake na mimi alikuja
kituo cha treni ambayo yalijitokeza

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hiyo picha kwamba alikuwa katika kumbukumbu zangu.

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>> Kila kitu kuendana.

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I just walidhani, yep.

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Najua ambapo mimi naenda.

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Mimi tu kwenda basi ramani kwamba mimi
kuwa katika kichwa changu kwa risasi mimi na kuchukua yangu

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nyuma na mji wangu.

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>> Nimekuja doorstep ya nyumba
kwamba mimi alizaliwa na kutembea

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kumi na tano mita
kuzunguka kona.

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Kulikuwa na wanawake watatu wamesimama nje
karibu na kila mmoja.

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Na moja katikati kupitiwa mbele.

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Na mimi tu mawazo, hii
ni mama yako.

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Yeye alikuja mbele, yeye hugged yangu, na sisi
walikuwa huko kwa dakika tano.

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>> Yeye grabbed mkono wangu na yeye alichukua mimi
nyumba na got kwenye simu na yeye

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rang dada yangu na ndugu yangu kusema
kwamba ndugu yako ana haki zote za

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ghafla alionekana kama roho.

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>> Na kisha familia ilikuwa
reunited tena.

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Kila kitu ni wema wote.

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Mimi kusaidia mama yangu nje.

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Yeye hana kuwa slaving mbali.

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Yeye inaweza kusababisha wengine wa
maisha yake kwa amani.

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>> Ilikuwa sindano katika haystack,
lakini sindano alikuwa huko.

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Kila kitu ni huko.

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Kila kitu sisi kuwa katika dunia ya
ni bomba ya kifungo.

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Lakini nimepata kuwa na mapenzi na
dhamira ya kutaka yake.

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>> [MWISHO video avspelning]

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>> Hivyo hadithi kweli tamu.

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Na ni kweli inanikumbusha kabisa
mada hiyo imekuwa kupata kidogo kabisa

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ya tahadhari ya marehemu katika Crimson,
zaidi ya kitaifa kwa ujumla.

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Hasa kama MOOCs ni kuchukua
hatua ya marehemu.

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MOOCs kuwa hizi kubwa na ya wazi
online kozi ambayo CS50 ni mmoja.

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>> Na watu kuzungumza kuhusu jinsi gani, kwa
mfano, sanaa si kweli

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kuambukizwa juu au si karibu kama
katika Vogue kama wao mara moja walikuwa.

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Na napenda kuwahimiza nyie, kiasi
kama Jonathan alifanya juu ya Jumatatu, kufikiri

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kuhusu kama wewe exit 50, na tunajua
tayari juu ya 50% ya wewe si

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kuendelea kuchukua kompyuta mwingine
sayansi ya shaka, na kwamba ni kabisa

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faini na ilivyotarajiwa.

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Sababu moja ya malengo makuu ya
ya darasa kama hii ni kweli kwa

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kuwawezesha nyie na tu
uelewa wa jinsi ya mambo haya

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kazi na jinsi dunia hii
ya teknolojia ya kazi.

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>> Hivyo kwamba wakati wewe ni nyuma katika yako mwenyewe
walimwengu, kama ni kabla ya Med au

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kama ni ya kibinadamu au
sayansi ya jamii au baadhi ya shamba nyingine

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kabisa, kwamba nyie ni kuleta
baadhi savvy kiufundi kwa meza na

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kusaidia kufanya maamuzi smart wakati
anakuja na matumizi ya na

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kuanzishwa kwa teknolojia ya
katika dunia yako.

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>> Kwa mfano nilikuwa aliwakumbusha ya marehemu
mno ya wawili wa shahada ya kwanza

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madarasa mimi alichukua miaka miwili iliyopita, ambayo walikuwa
vile rahisi matumizi ya teknolojia

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lakini milele hivyo kulazimisha.

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Kwanza usiku na Profesa Tom Kelly
kama wameweza kuchukuliwa darasa.

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Ni darasa juu ya muziki wa classic juu ya
hatua hii hapa ambapo kujifunza

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kitu kidogo kuhusu muziki.

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Ni kweli kwamba Kwanza Nights CS50
alikopa wazo la nyimbo kwa ajili ya wale

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chini ya starehe katika kati ya
na vizuri zaidi.

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>> Katika muda wangu walikuwa na nyimbo tofauti
kwa ajili ya watoto na kabisa hakuna muziki

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uzoefu kama mimi, na kisha watoto ambao
amekuwa akifanya tangu walikuwa

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umri wa miaka mitano.

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Na darasa kwamba, kwa mfano, tu alikuwa
tovuti kama wengi nyingine yoyote, lakini

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alikuwa tovuti ya kwamba kuruhusiwa wewe
kuchunguza muziki juu yake na kucheza nyuma

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muziki clips kutoka darasani, kutoka kwenye mtandao,
na tu kutumia teknolojia katika sana

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imefumwa njia.

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>> Miaka darasa lingine baadaye kwamba mimi
zilizokaguliwa, kimsingi, katika grad shule,

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Anthro 1010, Utangulizi
kwa Akiolojia hapa.

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Ilikuwa ni ajabu.

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Na moja ya kulazimisha bado super
dhahiri, katika retrospect, matumizi ya

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programu ilikuwa kwamba maprofesa katika
kwamba darasa kutumika Google Earth.

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Sisi walikuwa wamekaa katika mitaani
katika baadhi ya ukumbi wa mihadhara.

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Na wewe hakuweza kusafiri, kwa mfano,
Mashariki ya Kati kwa kuchimba kwamba mmoja

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ya maprofesa alikuwa tu kuja nyuma,
lakini tunaweza kufanya kuwa karibu na

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kuruka karibu katika Google Earth na
kuangalia mtazamo wa jicho la ndege katika

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00:07:07,870 --> 00:07:10,360
kuchimba tovuti alikuwa tu akarudi
kutoka wiki iliyopita.

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>> Hivyo napenda kuhimiza nyie,
hasa katika masomo ya kibinadamu, kwenda

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nyuma na idara hizo baada ya hii
darasani kuleta miradi yako ya mwisho

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na wewe au mawazo yako mwenyewe, na kuona
kile tu unaweza kufanya ili kupenyeza yako

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mwenyewe katika mashamba ya kibinadamu au zaidi ya
kwa kidogo ya aina hii ya

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Jambo kwamba tumekuwa Kugundua
hapa katika CS50.

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>> Hivyo, pamoja na picha kwamba walijenga, walidhani
tunatarajia kujaribu kukabiliana na mambo mawili ya leo.

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Moja, kujaribu kukupa hisia ya
ambapo unaweza kwenda baada ya 50.

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Na hasa, kama wewe kuchagua
kukabiliana na mtandao msingi mradi kama ni

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incredibly ya kawaida, jinsi gani unaweza kwenda
juu ya kuchukua mbali yote ya ya CS50

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mafunzo ya magurudumu na kwenda huko nje ya
yako mwenyewe na si kuwa na kutegemea

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PDF au vipimo ya pset?

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Kutokuwa na kutegemea CS50
appliance tena.

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Lakini unaweza kweli kuvuta mwenyewe
juu kwa bootstraps yako.

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>> Kwa kuwa alisema, C-msingi wa mwisho
miradi ni welcome.

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Mambo ya kwamba matumizi ya kusimama kwa
maktaba portable katika

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graphics ni welcome.

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00:07:59,510 --> 00:08:03,240
Sisi tu kujua kwamba mengi ya kitakwimu
watu bite mbali miradi katika PHP na

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00:08:03,240 --> 00:08:07,860
Chatu na Ruby na MySQL na nyingine
mazingira, hivyo tutaweza upendeleo baadhi ya

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00:08:07,860 --> 00:08:09,570
hotuba yetu kuelekea hiyo.

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00:08:09,570 --> 00:08:10,650
>> Lakini haraka kuangalia nyuma.

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Hivyo sisi alichukua kwa nafasi katika pset7
ukweli kwamba $ _SESSION kuwepo.

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Hii ilikuwa kimataifa super, kimataifa,
associative safu.

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00:08:19,400 --> 00:08:23,040
Gani na hii basi wewe kufanya?

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00:08:23,040 --> 00:08:27,130
Functionally, nini
kipengele hii inatupa?

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00:08:27,130 --> 00:08:28,590
Yeah?

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00:08:28,590 --> 00:08:30,270
Kufuatilia ID mtumiaji.

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Na kwa nini hii ni muhimu?

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Kuwa na uwezo wa kuhifadhi ndani ya hii super
kimataifa JHarvard au [? Scroobs?]

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au mtumiaji Malan ya ID wakati yeye
au yeye kutembelea tovuti.

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>> Hasa.

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Hivyo huna kuingia
tena na tena.

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Ingekuwa kweli vilema duniani kote mtandao
kama kila wakati clicked kiungo

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kwenye tovuti kama Facebook au kila wakati
clicked kwenye email katika Gmail wewe

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alikuwa tena kuthibitisha kuthibitisha kwamba
bado ni wewe na si roommate yako

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ambao wanaweza kuwa na kutembea hadi yako
kompyuta katika kutokuwepo kwako.

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>> Hivyo sisi kutumia KIPINDI tu
kumbuka wewe ni nani.

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00:08:59,640 --> 00:09:01,830
Na ni jinsi gani hii kutekelezwa
chini ya Hood?

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00:09:01,830 --> 00:09:07,720
Jinsi gani tovuti ya kwamba anatumia,
itifaki ya kwamba mtandao browsers na seva

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00:09:07,720 --> 00:09:12,060
kusema, jinsi gani HTTP, ambayo ni
itifaki ya utaifa, hebu sema.

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>> Na kwa wasiokuwa na utaifa I mean, mara moja
kuunganisha kwa tovuti, kushusha baadhi ya

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00:09:15,510 --> 00:09:19,650
HTMLs, baadhi JavaScript, baadhi CSS, yako
icon browser ataacha inazunguka.

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Huna uhusiano wa mara kwa mara
server kawaida.

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Hiyo ni.

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00:09:24,170 --> 00:09:26,290
Hakuna hali iimarishwe
daima.

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00:09:26,290 --> 00:09:30,510
Hivyo ni jinsi gani KIPINDI kutekelezwa katika vile
njia kwamba kila wakati wewe kufanya ziara

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ukurasa mpya, tovuti anakumbuka
wewe ni nani?

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00:09:32,860 --> 00:09:36,150

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00:09:36,150 --> 00:09:38,195
Nini msingi wa utekelezaji
undani?

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Kelele nje.

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Ni neno moja.

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>> Cookies.

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Wote haki.

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00:09:44,190 --> 00:09:44,800
Hivyo cookies.

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00:09:44,800 --> 00:09:45,900
Naam, ni jinsi cookies kutumika?

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00:09:45,900 --> 00:09:48,870
Tutaweza kukumbuka kuwa kuki kwa ujumla ni
tu kipande cha habari.

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00:09:48,870 --> 00:09:51,590
Na ni mara nyingi random kubwa
idadi, lakini si mara zote.

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Na kuki ni kupanda juu ya bidii yako
gari au katika RAM ya kompyuta yako ili

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kwamba kila wakati kupitia upya huo
tovuti, browser yako kuwakumbusha

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server, mimi ni mtumiaji 1,234,567.

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00:10:01,650 --> 00:10:03,570
Mimi ni mtumiaji 1,234,567.

201
00:10:03,570 --> 00:10:07,590
>> Na hivyo muda mrefu kama server amekumbuka
kwamba mtumiaji 1234567 ni

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JHarvard, tovuti ya mapenzi tu kudhani
kwamba wewe ni nani sema wewe ni.

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00:10:11,300 --> 00:10:14,230
Na kukumbuka kwamba sisi sasa cookies haya
aina ya katika mfumo wa

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00:10:14,230 --> 00:10:15,510
virtual mkono kusimama.

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00:10:15,510 --> 00:10:20,530
Ni walitumwa headers HTTP tu
kuwakumbusha server kwamba wewe ni nani

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00:10:20,530 --> 00:10:21,620
anadhani wewe ni.

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00:10:21,620 --> 00:10:23,320
>> Bila shaka, kuna tishio.

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00:10:23,320 --> 00:10:27,530
Nini tishio gani hii kufungua sisi juu kama
sisi ni kimsingi kwa kutumia aina ya klabu

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00:10:27,530 --> 00:10:30,110
Hifadhi ya pumbao au utaratibu
kwa kukumbuka sisi ni nani?

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00:10:30,110 --> 00:10:32,630

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00:10:32,630 --> 00:10:36,170
>> Kama wewe nakala kuki mtu na utekaji nyara
kikao yao, hivyo kusema, wewe

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unaweza kujifanya kuwa mtu mwingine na
tovuti uwezekano mkubwa ni kwenda tu

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kuamini wewe.

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00:10:40,150 --> 00:10:41,030
Hivyo tutaweza kuja nyuma kwamba.

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00:10:41,030 --> 00:10:44,240
Kwa sababu mandhari nyingine kwa ajili ya leo zaidi ya
uwezeshaji pia kuzungumza

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00:10:44,240 --> 00:10:48,170
kuhusu dunia inatisha sana tunaishi katika
na ni kiasi gani ya nini kufanya juu ya

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00:10:48,170 --> 00:10:51,480
mtandao, ni kiasi gani ya nini kufanya hata
kwenye simu yako ya mkononi leo unaweza kuwa

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00:10:51,480 --> 00:10:55,170
msisimko kweli na mtu yeyote kati ya
wewe na uhakika B.

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>> Na Ajax, kukumbuka.

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Sisi inaonekana kwa ufupi tu katika hili,
ingawa tumekuwa kutumia

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moja kwa moja katika pset8 kwa sababu unatumia
Google Maps na kwa sababu wewe ni

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kutumia Google Earth.

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00:11:03,830 --> 00:11:07,780
Google Maps na Google Earth hawana
kushusha dunia nzima kwa yako

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00:11:07,780 --> 00:11:10,490
desktop, ni wazi,
sasa wewe mzigo pset8.

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00:11:10,490 --> 00:11:15,020
Ni tu downloads ya mraba ya dunia
au mraba kubwa ya dunia.

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00:11:15,020 --> 00:11:18,910
Na kisha kila wakati aina ya Bad
nje ya mbalimbali unaweza taarifa -

227
00:11:18,910 --> 00:11:21,790
hasa kama juu ya uhusiano polepole - wewe
ili kuona baadhi ya kijivu kwa sasa

228
00:11:21,790 --> 00:11:26,440
au kidogo ya imagery fuzzy kama
kompyuta downloads zaidi vile matofali,

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00:11:26,440 --> 00:11:29,190
zaidi vile picha kutoka
dunia au nchi.

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00:11:29,190 --> 00:11:34,620
>> Na Ajax ujumla ni mbinu
na ambayo Nje ni kufanya hivyo.

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Mara unahitaji zaidi ya ramani, yako
browser ni kwenda kutumia Ajax, ambayo ni

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si yenyewe lugha au teknolojia,
ni tu mbinu.

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00:11:42,240 --> 00:11:47,390
Ni matumizi ya JavaScript kwenda kupata
habari zaidi kutoka server kwamba

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inaruhusu browser yako kwenda kupata nini kwa
mashariki au nini magharibi ya

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00:11:52,320 --> 00:11:55,110
nini vinginevyo sasa
kuwa inavyoonekana katika ramani hiyo.

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00:11:55,110 --> 00:11:58,520
Hivyo hii ni mada ambayo wengi wenu
kukutana ama moja kwa moja au

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00:11:58,520 --> 00:12:01,180
moja kwa moja kupitia miradi ya mwisho kama wewe
kuchagua kufanya kitu ambacho

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00:12:01,180 --> 00:12:05,020
vile vile nguvu ambayo inaweza kuunganisha data
kutoka kwa baadhi ya tovuti ya tatu.

239
00:12:05,020 --> 00:12:07,390
>> Hivyo sisi tumepewa kusisimua kweli
Jumatano ijayo mbele.

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Jaribio moja, taarifa ambayo
ni juu ya CS50.net tayari.

241
00:12:12,280 --> 00:12:17,530
Kujua kwamba kutakuwa na kikao cha mapitio
Jumatatu hii kuja saa 05:30.

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00:12:17,530 --> 00:12:21,010
tarehe na wakati tayari posted
juu ya CS50.net katika kwamba Kuhusu karatasi.

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00:12:21,010 --> 00:12:22,940
Na tujulishe wewe
una maswali yoyote.

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00:12:22,940 --> 00:12:25,230
Pset8 wakati huo huo ni tayari
katika mikono yako.

245
00:12:25,230 --> 00:12:29,210
>> Na napenda tu kushughulikia moja Maswali
kuokoa folks baadhi ya dhiki.

246
00:12:29,210 --> 00:12:32,530
Kwa sehemu kubwa mengi ya chatter
sisi kuona katika masaa ya ofisi na mengi ya

247
00:12:32,530 --> 00:12:36,950
mende tunaona taarifa juu ya Diskutera ni
kweli mende katika kanuni ya mwanafunzi.

248
00:12:36,950 --> 00:12:41,360
Lakini wakati ve wamekutana kitu
kama Google Earth kuziba-katika crashing

249
00:12:41,360 --> 00:12:44,310
au hata kufanya kazi na wewe ni
ujasiri si wewe, siyo

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00:12:44,310 --> 00:12:48,530
[? chamad]? suala hilo, siyo
mdudu wewe kuletwa katika

251
00:12:48,530 --> 00:12:49,820
usambazaji kanuni.

252
00:12:49,820 --> 00:12:51,250
>> Kutambua tu FYI -

253
00:12:51,250 --> 00:12:53,130
hii ni aina ya mpango Z -

254
00:12:53,130 --> 00:12:57,100
kwamba mara ya mwisho tulikuwa na tatizo hili
kuweka na sisi mbio katika sawa

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00:12:57,100 --> 00:13:01,520
masuala, kuna mstari wa kanuni katika
service.js kwamba kimsingi ni hii,

256
00:13:01,520 --> 00:13:03,580
kwamba anasema, kurejea kwenye majengo.

257
00:13:03,580 --> 00:13:07,100
Nao kazi kwa karibu mara ya mwisho sisi
alifanya hivyo katika, tena kesi kona, ambapo

258
00:13:07,100 --> 00:13:11,660
wanafunzi tu hawakuweza kupata darn
kitu ya kufanya kazi ni mabadiliko ya kweli na uongo

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kwa kuwa mstari mmoja wa kanuni.

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Na utapata ni kama kutafuta
kupitia service.js.

261
00:13:15,520 --> 00:13:19,990
>> Mimi si kupendekeza hii kwa sababu wewe
kujenga mazingira ya wengi tasa

262
00:13:19,990 --> 00:13:21,720
cha Cambridge, Massachusetts.

263
00:13:21,720 --> 00:13:24,930
Hii mapenzi halisi flatten dunia yako
ili kwamba wote kuona ni mafundisho

264
00:13:24,930 --> 00:13:28,610
wenzake na wasaidizi shaka juu ya
upeo wa macho na majengo hakuna.

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00:13:28,610 --> 00:13:31,980
Lakini kutambua kwa sababu yoyote
Google Earth kuziba-katika inaonekana bado kuwa

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00:13:31,980 --> 00:13:35,290
Buggy mwaka mmoja baadaye, hivyo hii
wapate kuwa kushindwa yako kuokoa.

267
00:13:35,290 --> 00:13:38,915
Hivyo badala ya mapumziko kwa machozi, mapumziko
kwa kugeuza majengo mbali kama unajua

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00:13:38,915 --> 00:13:41,980
ni kuziba-katika si kwamba kushirikiana
juu ya Mac au PC.

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00:13:41,980 --> 00:13:46,060
Lakini, hii ni tena mapumziko ya mwisho kama
wewe na uhakika siyo mdudu.

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>> Hivyo hackathon.

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00:13:46,890 --> 00:13:48,950
michache ya Teasers tu
kupata wewe msisimko.

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00:13:48,950 --> 00:13:50,640
Tulikuwa RSVPs chache kabisa.

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00:13:50,640 --> 00:13:54,230
Na tu ya rangi picha ya nini
watapata, nilifikiri ningependa kukupa chache

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sekunde kukumbuka ya picha hii
kutoka mwaka jana.

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00:13:56,858 --> 00:14:00,850
>> [MUSIC]

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00:14:00,850 --> 00:14:02,240
>> DAVID J. Malan: Subiri, oh.

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00:14:02,240 --> 00:14:05,410
Sisi hata kuwa na shuttles yetu halisi CS50.

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00:14:05,410 --> 00:14:17,920
>> [MUSIC]

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00:14:17,920 --> 00:14:20,620
>> DAVID J. Malan: Basi hiyo ni nini watapata
wewe katika suala la hackathon.

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Na hii itakuwa fursa, kwa
kuwa wazi, si kuanza fainali yako

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miradi lakini kuendelea kufanya kazi kwenye
miradi yako ya mwisho pamoja na

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00:14:27,730 --> 00:14:30,210
wanafunzi wenzangu na wafanyakazi na kura ya chakula.

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00:14:30,210 --> 00:14:34,340
Na tena, kama wewe ni macho wakati wa 05:00
tutaweza kuchukua wewe chini ya barabara ya IHOP.

284
00:14:34,340 --> 00:14:37,075
>> Haki CS50, wakati huo huo, ni kilele
kwa ajili ya darasa zima ambapo

285
00:14:37,075 --> 00:14:41,160
utasikia kuleta Laptops yako na marafiki,
labda hata familia ya chumba juu ya chuo

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00:14:41,160 --> 00:14:44,530
chini ya mitaani kuonyesha miradi yako
juu ya Laptops, juu ya meza mrefu

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00:14:44,530 --> 00:14:47,570
kama hii kwa kura ya chakula na marafiki
na muziki kwa nyuma,

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00:14:47,570 --> 00:14:49,250
kama vile marafiki wetu kutoka sekta.

289
00:14:49,250 --> 00:14:52,760
Makampuni kama Facebook na Microsoft
na Google na Amazon na mashada ya

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00:14:52,760 --> 00:14:55,750
wengine ili kwamba kama nia tu
kusikia juu ya ulimwengu wa kweli au

291
00:14:55,750 --> 00:14:59,570
kuzungumza na folks kuhusu ulimwengu halisi
tarajali au muda kamili fursa,

292
00:14:59,570 --> 00:15:01,950
kujua kwamba baadhi ya marafiki zetu
sekta ya kutoka itakuwa pale.

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00:15:01,950 --> 00:15:04,970
Na wanandoa wa picha tunaweza
rangi hapa ni kama ifuatavyo.

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>> [MUSIC]

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00:15:24,400 --> 00:15:24,920
>> DAVID J. Malan: zote haki.

296
00:15:24,920 --> 00:15:27,060
Hivyo kwamba basi ni haki CS50.

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00:15:27,060 --> 00:15:31,780
Basi hebu sasa kuendelea na hadithi
kwamba kwa kweli itakuwa kuwawezesha wewe hopefully

298
00:15:31,780 --> 00:15:33,230
kwa mambo kama miradi ya mwisho.

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00:15:33,230 --> 00:15:36,940
Hivyo moja ya mambo machache kidogo na mbegu yako
akili, ama kwa ajili ya fainali ya miradi

300
00:15:36,940 --> 00:15:40,470
au tu kwa ujumla zaidi kwa miradi ambayo
unaweza kuamua kukabiliana na baada ya

301
00:15:40,470 --> 00:15:45,720
Bila shaka, haya yote ni kumbukumbu
juu ya manual.cs50.net ambapo CS50

302
00:15:45,720 --> 00:15:48,010
mwongozo ambapo tuna kura ya
mbinu za kumbukumbu.

303
00:15:48,010 --> 00:15:51,080
>> Na hii ni nukuu kwa shorthand
akisema kwamba upo katika

304
00:15:51,080 --> 00:15:55,190
ulimwengu mambo kuitwa SMS kwa email
gateways, ambayo ni njia ya dhana ya

305
00:15:55,190 --> 00:15:58,180
akisema, kuna seva katika dunia
ili kujua jinsi ya kubadili barua pepe kwa

306
00:15:58,180 --> 00:15:59,230
ujumbe wa maandishi.

307
00:15:59,230 --> 00:16:02,450
Hivyo kama kwa ajili ya mradi wako wa mwisho unataka
kujenga aina fulani ya muziki themed

308
00:16:02,450 --> 00:16:06,650
huduma ya kwamba utapata tahadhari ya marafiki
au watumiaji na matukio ya juu ya chuo

309
00:16:06,650 --> 00:16:10,290
au nini kuwa aliwahi katika Hall D
kwamba usiku au yoyote kama tahadhari kipengele,

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00:16:10,290 --> 00:16:15,150
kujua kwamba ni rahisi kama kutuma
email kama na PHPMailer ambayo wewe

311
00:16:15,150 --> 00:16:18,735
anaweza kuwa kutumika kwa ajili ya pset7 au tuliona
kwa ufupi ya wiki moja au zaidi iliyopita, kwa

312
00:16:18,735 --> 00:16:20,440
anwani kama hii.

313
00:16:20,440 --> 00:16:26,040
>> Na kwa kweli unaweza Nakala hii kuchukua
rafiki yako ina texting ukomo

314
00:16:26,040 --> 00:16:28,310
mpango na hutaki
kwa malipo yao $ 0.10.

315
00:16:28,310 --> 00:16:31,920
Lakini kama wewe kutuma barua pepe kwa rafiki yako
ambao unajua kuwa Verizon au

316
00:16:31,920 --> 00:16:35,870
AT & T kutumia Gmail na tu kupeleka kwa
simu zao simu katika kila

317
00:16:35,870 --> 00:16:38,980
ndogo ya uwanja kuna, utambue
kutuma ujumbe wa maandishi.

318
00:16:38,980 --> 00:16:41,570
>> Lakini hii ni moja ya mambo
kuwa makini ya.

319
00:16:41,570 --> 00:16:47,430
Kama wewe Troll kupitia CS50 mwaka jana
video Nadhani ilikuwa, kutisha,

320
00:16:47,430 --> 00:16:51,660
kutisha, kutisha mdudu niliandika katika kanuni
kuishia kutuma kuhusu 20,000 Nakala

321
00:16:51,660 --> 00:16:55,410
Ujumbe wa kuishi kwa wetu
wanafunzi katika darasa.

322
00:16:55,410 --> 00:16:57,970
Na tu kwa sababu mtu niliona kwamba
walikuwa wanapata Nakala nyingi

323
00:16:57,970 --> 00:17:01,860
ujumbe kutoka kwangu alifanya nina
pata kuikumba Udhibiti C haraka

324
00:17:01,860 --> 00:17:03,210
na kuacha kwamba mchakato.

325
00:17:03,210 --> 00:17:06,200
Kudhibiti C, unakumbuka, ni rafiki yako
katika matukio ya kitanzi usio.

326
00:17:06,200 --> 00:17:10,900
Kwa hiyo mjihadhari nguvu tuna tu kupewa
kwa wewe badala ya kuwajibika, wengi

327
00:17:10,900 --> 00:17:12,950
uwezekano, kutokana na uzoefu wangu mwenyewe.

328
00:17:12,950 --> 00:17:15,400
Lakini hiyo ni kwenye mtandao na ina
huko kwa muda fulani.

329
00:17:15,400 --> 00:17:15,810
>> Wote haki.

330
00:17:15,810 --> 00:17:17,064
Hivyo textmarks.com.

331
00:17:17,064 --> 00:17:18,040
Hivyo hii ni tovuti.

332
00:17:18,040 --> 00:17:20,829
Na kuna mashada ya wengine huko nje
pamoja na kwamba tumekuwa kweli kutumika

333
00:17:20,829 --> 00:17:24,050
kama darasa kwa miaka kwa kuwa na uwezo
kupokea ujumbe wa maandishi.

334
00:17:24,050 --> 00:17:27,869
Kwa bahati mbaya, kutuma ujumbe wa maandishi ni
rahisi kama kutuma barua pepe kama hiyo.

335
00:17:27,869 --> 00:17:30,730
Kupokea ni vigumu kidogo, hasa
kama unataka kuwa moja ya

336
00:17:30,730 --> 00:17:34,610
wale sexy short codes kwamba tu
tano au sita maadili ya muda mrefu.

337
00:17:34,610 --> 00:17:37,720
>> Hivyo kwa mfano, kwa miaka tumekuwa
uwezo wa kutuma ujumbe wa maandishi - na wewe

338
00:17:37,720 --> 00:17:39,200
unaweza kujaribu hii pia -

339
00:17:39,200 --> 00:17:41,900
41,411 kwa.

340
00:17:41,900 --> 00:17:44,300
Na kwamba ni namba ya simu kwa
hii startup fulani.

341
00:17:44,300 --> 00:17:48,130
Na kama wewe kutuma ujumbe kwa 41,411 -

342
00:17:48,130 --> 00:17:51,190
Mimi itabidi kuandika ni hapa juu, hivyo 41,411 -

343
00:17:51,190 --> 00:17:54,290
na kisha kuwatuma ujumbe
kama SBOY kwa Boy Shuttle.

344
00:17:54,290 --> 00:17:56,370
Na kisha aina katika kitu
kama MATHER Quad.

345
00:17:56,370 --> 00:17:59,360
Hivyo, unaweza kutuma ujumbe wa maandishi kwamba
na kwamba idadi ya simu.

346
00:17:59,360 --> 00:18:02,630
Ndani ya sekunde chache unapaswa kupata nyuma
majibu kutoka Shuttle CS50

347
00:18:02,630 --> 00:18:06,210
Mvulana huduma, ambayo ni kuhamisha
ratiba ya programu ya kwamba tulikuwa na nje

348
00:18:06,210 --> 00:18:07,290
huko kwenye mtandao kwa muda fulani.

349
00:18:07,290 --> 00:18:09,450
Na itakuwa kujibu
wewe kupitia ujumbe wa maandishi.

350
00:18:09,450 --> 00:18:13,410
>> Kwa sababu tumefanya nini kama darasa, kama
programu, ni kuandika programu,

351
00:18:13,410 --> 00:18:18,760
kimeundwa akaunti yetu ya bure na maandishi
alama ya kusikiliza kwa ujumbe wa maandishi alimtuma

352
00:18:18,760 --> 00:18:20,770
kwa SBOY katika idadi hiyo.

353
00:18:20,770 --> 00:18:25,210
Na wanachokifanya ni mbele wale Nakala
ujumbe kwenye tovuti yetu PHP makao kama

354
00:18:25,210 --> 00:18:27,420
HTTP vigezo akisema, hapa.

355
00:18:27,420 --> 00:18:30,380
Hii mtumiaji na idadi hii ya simu
alimtuma kwenu hii ujumbe wa maandishi.

356
00:18:30,380 --> 00:18:31,850
Kufanya na ni nini unataka.

357
00:18:31,850 --> 00:18:35,180
>> Hivyo sisi aliandika baadhi ya programu kwamba juu ya
kupokea kamba kama SBOY MATHER

358
00:18:35,180 --> 00:18:38,420
Quad, sisi Hazrat yake.

359
00:18:38,420 --> 00:18:41,210
Sisi kufikiri ambapo nafasi
ni kati ya maneno.

360
00:18:41,210 --> 00:18:44,220
Na sisi kama darasa kuamua
jinsi ya kukabiliana na kwamba.

361
00:18:44,220 --> 00:18:47,335
Na kama wewe kujaribu kwamba sasa, kwa mfano,
unapaswa kuona, kupitia majibu ndani ya

362
00:18:47,335 --> 00:18:51,470
sekunde chache, karibu shuttles wachache kwenda
kutoka kwa MATHER Quad kama wapo.

363
00:18:51,470 --> 00:18:52,260
Na kuna vituo vingine.

364
00:18:52,260 --> 00:18:56,060
Unaweza aina katika Boylston au nyingine kama
ataacha juu ya chuo, na ni lazima

365
00:18:56,060 --> 00:18:57,760
kutambua maneno hayo.

366
00:18:57,760 --> 00:18:58,590
>> Hivyo parse.com.

367
00:18:58,590 --> 00:19:01,630
Hii ni huduma nyingine ambazo tumekuwa
akizungumzia baadhi ya wanafunzi katika kwa

368
00:19:01,630 --> 00:19:04,390
mwisho miradi hiyo ni ya ajabu
kwa kuwa ni bure kwa

369
00:19:04,390 --> 00:19:05,660
busara ya kiasi cha matumizi.

370
00:19:05,660 --> 00:19:08,820
Na kama mimi kwenda parse.com utaona
kwamba hii ni njia mbadala ya

371
00:19:08,820 --> 00:19:13,230
kweli kuwa kitu kama
MySQL yako mwenyewe database.

372
00:19:13,230 --> 00:19:14,490
Na kusema ukweli, ni tu
aina ya mesmerizing.

373
00:19:14,490 --> 00:19:17,450
Hii ni nini ndani ya
wingu hata siku ya mawingu.

374
00:19:17,450 --> 00:19:21,580
>> Hivyo parse.com inaruhusu kufanya
rundo la mambo ya kuvutia.

375
00:19:21,580 --> 00:19:23,610
Na kuna njia nyingine
na hii huko nje.

376
00:19:23,610 --> 00:19:26,870
Kwa mfano, unaweza kutumia yao
kama database yako nyuma mwisho.

377
00:19:26,870 --> 00:19:28,980
Hivyo huna haja ya kuwa na
web hosting kampuni.

378
00:19:28,980 --> 00:19:31,180
Huna haja ya kuwa na
MySQL database.

379
00:19:31,180 --> 00:19:32,850
Unaweza badala yake kutumia nyuma yao ya mwisho.

380
00:19:32,850 --> 00:19:36,350
>> Kama wewe ni kufanya mradi wa simu kwa ajili ya
Admin au iOS au kama, kujua kwamba

381
00:19:36,350 --> 00:19:39,776
kuna mambo kama huduma kushinikiza
hivyo unaweza kushinikiza tahadhari kwa rafiki yako

382
00:19:39,776 --> 00:19:41,390
au watumiaji yako 'nyumbani skrini.

383
00:19:41,390 --> 00:19:43,600
Na kisha rundo la nyingine
makala kama vile.

384
00:19:43,600 --> 00:19:47,200
>> Hivyo kama una riba, angalia hizi
Nje na tovuti kama wao

385
00:19:47,200 --> 00:19:50,720
tu kuona jinsi wengi watu wengine '
mabega unaweza kusimama juu ya kufanya

386
00:19:50,720 --> 00:19:53,350
kweli baridi programu yako mwenyewe.

387
00:19:53,350 --> 00:19:56,690
>> Sasa katika suala la uthibitishaji, Maswali,
ni jinsi gani unaweza kweli kuhakikisha

388
00:19:56,690 --> 00:20:01,220
kwamba watumiaji yako ni watu juu ya chuo,
Harvard wanafunzi au kitivo au wafanyakazi?

389
00:20:01,220 --> 00:20:05,350
Hivyo CS50 ana uthibitisho wake mwenyewe
huduma iitwayo CS50 ID.

390
00:20:05,350 --> 00:20:09,940
Nenda URL kwamba na unaweza kuzuia yako
tovuti na mtu yeyote kwa Harvard

391
00:20:09,940 --> 00:20:11,340
ID, kwa mfano.

392
00:20:11,340 --> 00:20:12,550
Basi jua ya kwamba tunaweza kushughulikia hilo.

393
00:20:12,550 --> 00:20:15,280
Nyie lazima kuwa katika biashara
ya kusema, nini yako Harvard ID?

394
00:20:15,280 --> 00:20:16,160
Nini yako Harvard PIN?

395
00:20:16,160 --> 00:20:17,550
Hebu sasa kufanya kitu kwa hayo.

396
00:20:17,550 --> 00:20:18,740
Tutaweza kufanya yote hayo.

397
00:20:18,740 --> 00:20:21,710
Na nini tutaweza kutoa nyuma ni
jina la mtu na anuani ya barua pepe, lakini

398
00:20:21,710 --> 00:20:23,010
si kitu nyeti.

399
00:20:23,010 --> 00:20:26,240

400
00:20:26,240 --> 00:20:30,380
>> programu kwenye simu, inaweza kuwa
alifanya kazi kwenye simu, lakini

401
00:20:30,380 --> 00:20:32,630
siyo kabisa iliyoundwa kwa ajili hiyo.

402
00:20:32,630 --> 00:20:35,640
Hivyo itabidi kuishia matumizi yasiyo na maana si
kiasi cha muda wa kufanya hivyo.

403
00:20:35,640 --> 00:20:38,040
Hivyo napenda tamaa
kwamba njia kwa sasa.

404
00:20:38,040 --> 00:20:41,570
Hii ni kweli lengo kwa ajili ya
mtandao msingi maombi.

405
00:20:41,570 --> 00:20:42,650
>> Hivyo mtandao hosting.

406
00:20:42,650 --> 00:20:44,450
Hivyo kama wewe hawajaona juu ya
Mzee kozi ya -

407
00:20:44,450 --> 00:20:46,610
na hapa ambapo tutaweza kuanza hadithi -

408
00:20:46,610 --> 00:20:50,900
web hosting ni wote kuhusu kulipa kwa ajili ya
kawaida huduma, mwenyeji wa server inayomilikiwa

409
00:20:50,900 --> 00:20:54,800
na mtu mwingine kwenye mtandao kwamba ana
IP, na wewe kisha kuweka yako

410
00:20:54,800 --> 00:20:55,880
tovuti ya juu yake.

411
00:20:55,880 --> 00:20:58,620
Na kwa kawaida kukupa email
akaunti na database

412
00:20:58,620 --> 00:21:00,160
na wengine vile makala.

413
00:21:00,160 --> 00:21:02,930
>> Kujua kwamba kama wewe hawataki kweli
kulipa kwa vile, kwenda URL kwamba

414
00:21:02,930 --> 00:21:06,280
huko na CS50 kweli ina mashirika yasiyo ya faida
akaunti ya kwamba unaweza kutumia ili

415
00:21:06,280 --> 00:21:11,490
kweli kuwa si http://project
ndani ya appliance

416
00:21:11,490 --> 00:21:12,470
kwa ajili ya mradi wako wa mwisho.

417
00:21:12,470 --> 00:21:16,465
Kama kweli unataka kuwa ni kitu
kama, isawyouharvard.com,

418
00:21:16,465 --> 00:21:19,730
unaweza kununua kwamba jina la uwanja - ingawa
si kwamba mtu fulani - na

419
00:21:19,730 --> 00:21:24,070
basi unaweza kwenda kuhusu mwenyeji kwenye
umma mtandao kompyuta kama tunaweza kutoa

420
00:21:24,070 --> 00:21:25,170
nyie kupitia hapa.

421
00:21:25,170 --> 00:21:27,240
>> Na kwa kweli kama usio wa kawaida,
kama wewe sijawahi kwa

422
00:21:27,240 --> 00:21:30,590
isawyouharvard.com, moja, kwenda huko.

423
00:21:30,590 --> 00:21:37,310
Lakini mbili, kujua kwamba alikuwa kijana
jina la mwanamke na Tej Ili Toor Too mbili

424
00:21:37,310 --> 00:21:41,550
miaka iliyopita, miaka mitatu iliyopita, ambaye alikuwa
CS50 Mbegu ambao kilichotokea siku moja au mbili

425
00:21:41,550 --> 00:21:46,280
kabla ya haki CS50 kupelekwa nje email
nyumbani kwake orodha anwani na voilà.

426
00:21:46,280 --> 00:21:49,770
Siku mbili baadaye na haki CS50, yeye alikuwa
mamia ya watumiaji wote kitambaacho juu ya

427
00:21:49,770 --> 00:21:53,240
kila mmoja kwenye tovuti yake na
kusema jinsi waliyoyaona

428
00:21:53,240 --> 00:21:55,250
yake au yeye juu ya chuo.

429
00:21:55,250 --> 00:21:57,600
Hivyo kwamba ni moja ya favorite CS50
mafanikio hadithi kutoka

430
00:21:57,600 --> 00:21:59,650
CS50 ya mwisho wa mradi.

431
00:21:59,650 --> 00:22:04,090
>> Hivyo ni jinsi gani unaweza kwenda juu ya kuweka tovuti
kama kwamba kwenye mtandao?

432
00:22:04,090 --> 00:22:07,140
Naam, kuna vile chache
viungo hapa.

433
00:22:07,140 --> 00:22:09,310
Hivyo moja, una kununua jina la uwanja.

434
00:22:09,310 --> 00:22:12,440
Kuna mashada ya maeneo katika
dunia ambayo unaweza

435
00:22:12,440 --> 00:22:13,940
kununua jina la uwanja.

436
00:22:13,940 --> 00:22:16,660
Na kwa mfano, moja kwamba sisi kupendekeza
tu kwa sababu ni maarufu

437
00:22:16,660 --> 00:22:18,855
na ni nafuu inaitwa
namecheap.com.

438
00:22:18,855 --> 00:22:22,860
Lakini unaweza kwenda godaddy.com na
kadhaa wa wengine huko nje.

439
00:22:22,860 --> 00:22:24,420
Unaweza kusoma juu ya kitaalam.

440
00:22:24,420 --> 00:22:26,250
>> Lakini kwa sehemu kubwa haina
jambo kutoka ambaye wewe

441
00:22:26,250 --> 00:22:27,720
kununua jina la uwanja.

442
00:22:27,720 --> 00:22:30,780
Na wao kutofautiana katika bei na
wao kutofautiana katika suffix.

443
00:22:30,780 --> 00:22:37,140
Viambishi kama. com, wavu.,
. Org, io.,. Tv, wale

444
00:22:37,140 --> 00:22:38,650
kweli kutofautiana kwa bei.

445
00:22:38,650 --> 00:22:43,630
Lakini kama tulitaka kufanya kitu kama
cats.com tunaweza kwenda kwa tovuti hii,

446
00:22:43,630 --> 00:22:44,280
bonyeza Search.

447
00:22:44,280 --> 00:22:46,370
Takribani moja hii ni kuchukuliwa.

448
00:22:46,370 --> 00:22:50,170
Lakini inaonekana, catsagainst.com
inapatikana.

449
00:22:50,170 --> 00:22:52,100
pluscats.com inapatikana.

450
00:22:52,100 --> 00:22:53,780
Lovecats, catscorner, dampcats.net.

451
00:22:53,780 --> 00:22:56,320

452
00:22:56,320 --> 00:22:59,135
Yote hii hopefully Pseudo
nasibu yanayotokana.

453
00:22:59,135 --> 00:23:04,670
Kama unataka cats.pw, $ 1,500 tu,
ambayo ni kidogo mwendawazimu.

454
00:23:04,670 --> 00:23:08,100
Hivyo mtu ana kweli tutanyakuliwa up wote
paka kuhusiana domain majina hapa kwa ajili ya

455
00:23:08,100 --> 00:23:09,840
tofauti bei.

456
00:23:09,840 --> 00:23:12,360
>> Kama kando, hebu angalia.

457
00:23:12,360 --> 00:23:13,710
Ambaye ana cats.com?

458
00:23:13,710 --> 00:23:16,290
Tunajua kwamba wewe guys kuwa katika
yako ovyo haki

459
00:23:16,290 --> 00:23:17,540
kisasa amri sasa.

460
00:23:17,540 --> 00:23:20,592
Kama siwezi aina halisi
ambaye ni cats.com?

461
00:23:20,592 --> 00:23:23,730
Na kwa sababu ya njia ya mtandao ni
muundo unaweza kweli kuona ambao

462
00:23:23,730 --> 00:23:25,440
imesajili hii.

463
00:23:25,440 --> 00:23:30,240
Inavyoonekana mtu hii ni [inaudible]
kutumia huduma ya wakala.

464
00:23:30,240 --> 00:23:33,900
Hivyo mtu anamiliki cats.com hataki
dunia kujua wao ni nani.

465
00:23:33,900 --> 00:23:36,610
Hivyo wameweza kusajiliwa kama njia ya
baadhi random faragha huduma.

466
00:23:36,610 --> 00:23:39,100
Lakini wakati mwingine wewe kweli
kupata wamiliki halisi.

467
00:23:39,100 --> 00:23:41,420
>> Na hii ni kusema, hasa kama wewe ni
kutafuta baadhi ya startup na wewe

468
00:23:41,420 --> 00:23:44,640
kweli unataka baadhi ya jina la uwanja na uko
tayari kulipa mtu mwingine kwa

469
00:23:44,640 --> 00:23:48,050
hiyo, unaweza kufikiri mawasiliano
habari katika njia hiyo.

470
00:23:48,050 --> 00:23:49,940
>> Lakini pia kuvutia ni hii.

471
00:23:49,940 --> 00:23:53,380
Hebu kitabu juu ya sehemu hii.

472
00:23:53,380 --> 00:23:55,330
Hivyo hii ni kwamba pato sawa.

473
00:23:55,330 --> 00:23:56,990
Na hii ni tacky.

474
00:23:56,990 --> 00:24:00,740
Hivyo inaonekana cats.com unaweza kuwa
yako kwa bei ya haki.

475
00:24:00,740 --> 00:24:03,170
Lakini nini kuvutia hapa
ni kwamba seva jina -

476
00:24:03,170 --> 00:24:06,040
hii ni jumla ya matumizi mabaya ya jina nini
server walidhani kuwa - yako jina

477
00:24:06,040 --> 00:24:08,876
server si walidhani kuwa
thisdomainforsale.com.

478
00:24:08,876 --> 00:24:11,050
Kama sisi kweli kuchagua kitu kama -

479
00:24:11,050 --> 00:24:15,181
hebu kuchagua kitu kidogo zaidi
kama halali, ambaye ni google.com,

480
00:24:15,181 --> 00:24:17,030
na kitabu hapa juu.

481
00:24:17,030 --> 00:24:18,280
Hivyo hapa -

482
00:24:18,280 --> 00:24:20,600

483
00:24:20,600 --> 00:24:21,740
kilichotokea huko?

484
00:24:21,740 --> 00:24:22,480
Kuvutia.

485
00:24:22,480 --> 00:24:25,290
Zaidi ambao ni -

486
00:24:25,290 --> 00:24:26,610
hebu kushika ni zaidi ya chini muhimu.

487
00:24:26,610 --> 00:24:28,370
>> Ambaye ni mit.edu?

488
00:24:28,370 --> 00:24:28,810
OK.

489
00:24:28,810 --> 00:24:29,900
Hii ni muhimu.

490
00:24:29,900 --> 00:24:31,400
Hivyo hii ni kile Mimi nilikuwa na matumaini kwa.

491
00:24:31,400 --> 00:24:33,930
Halali ya matumizi ya huduma DNS.

492
00:24:33,930 --> 00:24:36,750
Jina seva hapa zinaonyesha
zifuatazo.

493
00:24:36,750 --> 00:24:40,880
Hii ni njia ya MIT ya kusema, wakati wowote
mtu katika dunia, popote pale walipo

494
00:24:40,880 --> 00:24:46,950
ni, aina katika mit.edu na hits Enter,
Laptop yako, kama Mac au PC, mapenzi

495
00:24:46,950 --> 00:24:51,830
namna fulani hatimaye kufikiri kwamba
watu katika ulimwengu kwamba kujua nini

496
00:24:51,830 --> 00:24:58,130
IP ni kwa mit.edu au yoyote ya
ndogo katika nyanja mit.edu au yoyote ya

497
00:24:58,130 --> 00:25:01,660
seva hizi hapa - na ni kweli
inaonekana kama MITS miundombinu ni

498
00:25:01,660 --> 00:25:03,370
pretty imara kama ungependa kutarajia.

499
00:25:03,370 --> 00:25:07,050
Wana majina mbalimbali seva
ambayo ni nzuri kwa redundancy.

500
00:25:07,050 --> 00:25:09,840
Na kwa kweli, wanaonekana kuwa na kimataifa
kusambazwa duniani kote.

501
00:25:09,840 --> 00:25:13,250
rundo la wale wanaonekana kuwa katika Marekani,
wanandoa katika Asia, moja katika Ulaya, mbili

502
00:25:13,250 --> 00:25:14,540
katika mahali pengine.

503
00:25:14,540 --> 00:25:18,000
>> Lakini hoja hapa ni kwamba DNS kwamba
tumekuwa kuchukua kwa nafasi na

504
00:25:18,000 --> 00:25:21,990
ujumla kama ilivyoelezwa meza kubwa Excel
ambayo ina anwani za IP na uwanja

505
00:25:21,990 --> 00:25:25,890
majina ni kweli haki ya kisasa
kihierarkia huduma ili katika

506
00:25:25,890 --> 00:25:29,170
dunia kuna kweli idadi mahususi
ya seva kwamba kimsingi kujua ambapo

507
00:25:29,170 --> 00:25:32,880
wote wa coms. ni au yote ya
Nyavu. Ni, wote wa

508
00:25:32,880 --> 00:25:34,650
. Orgs ni, na kadhalika.

509
00:25:34,650 --> 00:25:37,820
>> Hivyo wakati wewe kwenda mbele na kununua domain
jina kutoka mahali kama Jina Cheap au

510
00:25:37,820 --> 00:25:41,450
Go Daddy au tovuti nyingine yoyote, mmoja wa
hatua muhimu kwamba wewe itabidi kufanya

511
00:25:41,450 --> 00:25:45,180
wewe, kama kufanya hivyo hata kwa ajili ya fainali yako
mradi, ni kuwaambia msajili

512
00:25:45,180 --> 00:25:49,020
ambaye wewe ni kununua domain
jina, ambaye katika dunia anajua yako

513
00:25:49,020 --> 00:25:52,310
Tovuti ya IP, ambaye
jina lako ni seva.

514
00:25:52,310 --> 00:25:55,750
>> Hivyo kama wewe kutumia, kwa mfano CS50
mwenyeji akaunti - sisi kutokea kwa kuwa

515
00:25:55,750 --> 00:25:57,760
akaunti hii kupitia dreamhost.com
ambayo ni

516
00:25:57,760 --> 00:25:59,560
maarufu web hosting kampuni -

517
00:25:59,560 --> 00:26:03,530
wao atakuambia kwamba unapaswa kununua
domain yako na kuuambia ulimwengu kwamba

518
00:26:03,530 --> 00:26:09,410
jina la uwanja wako server ni
ns1.dreamhost.com, ns2.dreamhost.com,

519
00:26:09,410 --> 00:26:11,470
na ns3.dreamhost.com.

520
00:26:11,470 --> 00:26:12,600
>> Lakini hiyo ni yake.

521
00:26:12,600 --> 00:26:15,480
Kununua jina la uwanja ina maana ya kuwapa
umiliki wa fedha na kupata ya

522
00:26:15,480 --> 00:26:17,190
uwanja, lakini ni zaidi kama
kodi ingawa.

523
00:26:17,190 --> 00:26:20,060
Kupata ni kwa mwaka na kisha wao muswada
wewe recurringly ajili ya mapumziko ya

524
00:26:20,060 --> 00:26:22,130
maisha yako mpaka kufuta
jina la uwanja.

525
00:26:22,130 --> 00:26:24,510
Na kisha kuwaambia ambao
seva jina ni.

526
00:26:24,510 --> 00:26:26,190
Lakini basi wewe ni kosa kwa
msajili yako.

527
00:26:26,190 --> 00:26:30,130
Na kutoka huko utasikia kiutendaji tu na
mtandao mwenyeji wako kampuni, ambayo

528
00:26:30,130 --> 00:26:32,030
katika kesi CS50 itakuwa Dreamhost.

529
00:26:32,030 --> 00:26:36,080
Lakini tena, zaidi ya nyaraka itakuwa
zinazotolewa na wewe kama wewe kuamua kwenda

530
00:26:36,080 --> 00:26:37,170
kwamba njia.

531
00:26:37,170 --> 00:26:40,750
>> Hivyo kama wewe kufanya hivyo baada ya kozi
mwisho, tu googling mtandao mwenyeji

532
00:26:40,750 --> 00:26:42,830
kampuni ya kurejea hadi maelfu
ya chaguzi.

533
00:26:42,830 --> 00:26:45,720
Na napenda ujumla moyo
kuuliza marafiki ambao wanaweza kuwa na kutumika

534
00:26:45,720 --> 00:26:49,350
kampuni kabla kama wao kupendekeza
yao na alikuwa na uzoefu mzuri.

535
00:26:49,350 --> 00:26:52,680
>> Kwa sababu kuna mengi ya kuruka usiku
web hosting makampuni, kama guy katika

536
00:26:52,680 --> 00:26:55,220
basement yake na seva
ambayo ina anwani ya IP.

537
00:26:55,220 --> 00:26:58,980
Yeye ana baadhi ya RAM ya ziada na hard disk
nafasi na tu anauza web hosting

538
00:26:58,980 --> 00:27:02,380
akaunti hata ingawa hakuna njia kwamba
server inaweza kushughulikia mamia ya

539
00:27:02,380 --> 00:27:04,050
watumiaji au maelfu ya watumiaji.

540
00:27:04,050 --> 00:27:06,260
Hivyo kutambua utapata
nini kulipia.

541
00:27:06,260 --> 00:27:09,510
>> Kwa muda kabisa kwa ajili ya nyumba yangu binafsi
ukurasa - na hii ilikuwa kukubalika kabisa

542
00:27:09,510 --> 00:27:11,830
kwa sababu nilikuwa, kama, mbili
Wageni mwezi -

543
00:27:11,830 --> 00:27:14,990
Nilikuwa kulipa, kama, $ 2.95 kwa mwezi.

544
00:27:14,990 --> 00:27:17,230
Na mimi nina uhakika pretty ilikuwa ni
katika basement ya mtu.

545
00:27:17,230 --> 00:27:20,800
Lakini tena, huwezi kupata lazima
yoyote dhamana ya uptime au

546
00:27:20,800 --> 00:27:21,840
scalability.

547
00:27:21,840 --> 00:27:24,560
Hivyo tena, wewe ni kawaida ya kuangalia
katika kitu zaidi kuliko hiyo.

548
00:27:24,560 --> 00:27:26,220
>> Vizuri, nini kuhusu SSL?

549
00:27:26,220 --> 00:27:27,690
Basi nini SSL kutumika kwa ajili ya?

550
00:27:27,690 --> 00:27:30,320
Hebu sasa kuanza kwa Bad katika
maelekezo ya usalama na mambo ambayo

551
00:27:30,320 --> 00:27:32,330
unaweza madhara kwetu.

552
00:27:32,330 --> 00:27:36,890
Hasa kama wewe mradi
nje juu yako mwenyewe.

553
00:27:36,890 --> 00:27:41,650
>> Nini SSL, au nini SSL kutumika kwa ajili ya?

554
00:27:41,650 --> 00:27:42,660
Usalama, OK.

555
00:27:42,660 --> 00:27:44,000
Hivyo ni kutumika kwa ajili ya usalama.

556
00:27:44,000 --> 00:27:44,640
Hiyo ina maana gani?

557
00:27:44,640 --> 00:27:47,170
Hivyo anasimama kwa Tabaka salama matako.

558
00:27:47,170 --> 00:27:52,330
Na ni unahitajika kwa URL
kwamba huanza na https://.

559
00:27:52,330 --> 00:27:58,410
Wengi wetu pengine kamwe typed
https://, lakini utasikia mara nyingi kujua kwamba

560
00:27:58,410 --> 00:28:03,000
browser yako ni itaelekezwa kutoka HTTP
HTTPS hivyo kila kitu kuwa kuna

561
00:28:03,000 --> 00:28:04,260
baada ya kufungiwa.

562
00:28:04,260 --> 00:28:10,810
>> FYI, kutumia SSL inahitaji kawaida kwamba
una kipekee IP.

563
00:28:10,810 --> 00:28:13,940
Na kawaida kupata kipekee IP
unahitaji kulipa mtandao mwenyeji

564
00:28:13,940 --> 00:28:15,850
kampuni ya dola chache zaidi kwa mwezi.

565
00:28:15,850 --> 00:28:19,850
Hivyo kutambua hili ni urahisi sana
kutekelezwa siku hizi kwa kununua IP

566
00:28:19,850 --> 00:28:22,930
anwani na kununua na nini
kuitwa cheti cha SSL.

567
00:28:22,930 --> 00:28:26,520
Lakini kutambua kwamba haina kuja
katika baadhi ya gharama za ziada.

568
00:28:26,520 --> 00:28:30,880
Na, kama tutaweza kujaribu scare katika tu
kidogo, hata si ya lazima 100%

569
00:28:30,880 --> 00:28:34,040
kinga ya chochote ni
wewe ni kujaribu kulinda.

570
00:28:34,040 --> 00:28:38,620
>> Hivyo kwa ajili ya usalama, ningependa nilifikiri d
kufanya aina ya segue random hapa.

571
00:28:38,620 --> 00:28:42,820
Kama unaweza kujua kutoka hotuba CS50
video, uzalishaji wa timu yetu imekuwa

572
00:28:42,820 --> 00:28:46,770
shabiki kama mimi na wa kuchukua ni nzuri
kupiga picha ya chuo, na angani

573
00:28:46,770 --> 00:28:48,370
kupiga picha ya hivi karibuni.

574
00:28:48,370 --> 00:28:51,450
Kama umewahi kuangalia juu na kuona
kitu flying na kamera kidogo,

575
00:28:51,450 --> 00:28:53,410
inaweza kweli kuwa CS50.

576
00:28:53,410 --> 00:28:55,830
Na mimi tu mawazo ningependa kushiriki dakika ya
baadhi ya Footage timu ina

577
00:28:55,830 --> 00:28:59,450
wamekusanyika, hasa kama sisi kuangalia
muhula spring na kuanguka ijayo.

578
00:28:59,450 --> 00:29:03,320
Kama yoyote ya una knack kwa
kupiga picha, videography, tunataka

579
00:29:03,320 --> 00:29:05,570
love kupata wewe kushiriki
nyuma ya pazia.

580
00:29:05,570 --> 00:29:07,595
Lakini zaidi juu ya maelezo hayo katika wiki.

581
00:29:07,595 --> 00:29:18,560
>> [MUSIC]

582
00:29:18,560 --> 00:29:20,750
>> DAVID J. Malan: Zinageuka kuna
miniature golf juu ya

583
00:29:20,750 --> 00:29:22,754
uwanja kwamba sisi kamwe alijua kuhusu.

584
00:29:22,754 --> 00:30:06,150
>> [MUSIC]

585
00:30:06,150 --> 00:30:08,440
>> DAVID J. Malan: Unaweza kuona
muhtasari wa drone huko.

586
00:30:08,440 --> 00:30:24,160
>> [MUSIC]

587
00:30:24,160 --> 00:30:26,280
>> DAVID J. Malan: sehemu bora hapa
ni, kuangalia jogger upande wa kushoto.

588
00:30:26,280 --> 00:30:52,900
>> [MUSIC]

589
00:30:52,900 --> 00:30:56,920
>> DAVID J. Malan: Mfano mwingine wa nini
unaweza kufanya na teknolojia ya kwamba ni

590
00:30:56,920 --> 00:30:58,900
tu tangentially, kusema ukweli,
kuhusiana na usalama.

591
00:30:58,900 --> 00:31:01,710
Lakini nilifikiri kwamba itakuwa zaidi
furaha njia ya kusema tu, usalama.

592
00:31:01,710 --> 00:31:07,780
Basi hebu angalia kama hatuwezi scare you guys
sasa na si tu kidogo ya wachache

593
00:31:07,780 --> 00:31:10,590
vitisho, bali pia msingi
kuelewa nini hizi vitisho

594
00:31:10,590 --> 00:31:13,830
ni ili kusonga mbele unaweza
kuamua jinsi na kama kutetea

595
00:31:13,830 --> 00:31:17,290
mwenyewe dhidi ya mambo haya na wakati
angalau kukumbuka yao kama wewe

596
00:31:17,290 --> 00:31:20,530
kufanya maamuzi kama au si kwa
kutuma email kwamba, kama au kuingia

597
00:31:20,530 --> 00:31:24,920
katika tovuti ya kwamba, kama au
kutumia kwamba it cafe ya Wi-Fi upatikanaji

598
00:31:24,920 --> 00:31:28,210
hatua ili kujua nini
vitisho ni kweli karibu na wewe.

599
00:31:28,210 --> 00:31:30,990
>> Basi Yonathani inajulikana kitu
kama hii siku ya Jumatatu.

600
00:31:30,990 --> 00:31:32,220
Alikuwa na screen dirisha risasi.

601
00:31:32,220 --> 00:31:33,630
Hii ni moja ya Mac.

602
00:31:33,630 --> 00:31:36,850
Ni wangapi wenu wamewahi imewekwa
programu kwenye Mac au PC yako?

603
00:31:36,850 --> 00:31:38,420
Ni wazi kila mtu.

604
00:31:38,420 --> 00:31:41,590
Jinsi wengi wa umetoa mawazo mengi
kwa kuandika katika password yako

605
00:31:41,590 --> 00:31:43,030
wakati wakiongozwa?

606
00:31:43,030 --> 00:31:44,740
I mean, hata sijui, kusema ukweli.

607
00:31:44,740 --> 00:31:48,730
Hivyo michache ya sisi ni nzuri
katika kuwa Paranoid.

608
00:31:48,730 --> 00:31:50,490
Lakini fikiria nini wewe
kweli kufanya hapa.

609
00:31:50,490 --> 00:31:53,280
>> Juu ya Mac au PC kawaida una
akaunti ya msimamizi.

610
00:31:53,280 --> 00:31:56,450
Na kawaida wewe ni mmoja tu kwa kutumia
mbali angalau siku hizi.

611
00:31:56,450 --> 00:31:59,780
Hivyo akaunti yako, Malan au JHarvard
au chochote ni, ni

612
00:31:59,780 --> 00:32:00,830
msimamizi wa akaunti.

613
00:32:00,830 --> 00:32:03,530
Na nini maana ya kwamba ni wewe
mizizi upatikanaji wa kompyuta yako.

614
00:32:03,530 --> 00:32:06,180
Unaweza kufunga kitu unataka,
kufuta kitu chochote unataka.

615
00:32:06,180 --> 00:32:10,800
>> Na kawaida siku hizi, kwa sababu ya
tarehe kubuni maamuzi kutoka miaka iliyopita,

616
00:32:10,800 --> 00:32:14,560
njia programu nyingi anapata imewekwa
ni kama msimamizi.

617
00:32:14,560 --> 00:32:18,180
Na hata kama Mac au PC yako ana angalau
wamezipata smart kutosha juu ya

618
00:32:18,180 --> 00:32:22,010
miaka na incarnations karibuni ya
Mac OS na Windows na si kukimbia yako

619
00:32:22,010 --> 00:32:26,130
jina la mtumiaji na default kama
msimamizi, wakati wewe kushusha baadhi ya

620
00:32:26,130 --> 00:32:29,160
mpango mpya mbali mtandao na kujaribu
kufunga hiyo, pengine wewe kwenda

621
00:32:29,160 --> 00:32:30,880
kwa kuwa ilisababisha kwa password yako.

622
00:32:30,880 --> 00:32:34,790
Lakini samaki ni katika hatua hiyo, wewe ni
literally kukabidhi funguo za yako

623
00:32:34,790 --> 00:32:38,620
kompyuta juu ya chochote random
mpango wewe tu kupakuliwa na

624
00:32:38,620 --> 00:32:41,590
kuruhusu ni kufunga
chochote anataka.

625
00:32:41,590 --> 00:32:45,050
>> Na kama Jonathan alluded, kutambua
kwamba anaweza kusema kwamba anataka

626
00:32:45,050 --> 00:32:49,350
kufunga programu yako kwamba huduma
kuhusu, Spotify au iTunes au chochote

627
00:32:49,350 --> 00:32:50,900
ni wewe ni kujaribu kufunga.

628
00:32:50,900 --> 00:32:54,710
Lakini wewe ni halisi kuamini mwandishi
au waandishi wa programu ya

629
00:32:54,710 --> 00:32:57,570
tu kufanya nini mpango
zinatakiwa kufanya.

630
00:32:57,570 --> 00:33:02,320
>> Lakini kuna kitu kabisa
kuacha mipango zaidi juu ya wengi

631
00:33:02,320 --> 00:33:06,910
mifumo ya uendeshaji kutoka files kufuta,
kupakia kwao na baadhi ya kampuni

632
00:33:06,910 --> 00:33:10,040
tovuti, trolling kutoka kote,
kwa encrypting mambo.

633
00:33:10,040 --> 00:33:12,970
Na tena, tumekuwa aina ya kujengwa
miundombinu nzima juu ya

634
00:33:12,970 --> 00:33:14,930
miaka juu ya uaminifu.

635
00:33:14,930 --> 00:33:18,690
Na hivyo kutambua kwamba wewe been tu
kuamini watu random na random

636
00:33:18,690 --> 00:33:20,050
makampuni kwa sehemu kubwa.

637
00:33:20,050 --> 00:33:24,860
>> Na Jonathan alluded pia, wakati mwingine
wale makampuni wenyewe ni aina ya

638
00:33:24,860 --> 00:33:26,410
wanajua malicious, wote haki?

639
00:33:26,410 --> 00:33:30,200
Sony hawakupata mengi ya Flack miaka michache
iliyopita kwa ajili ya kufunga nini aliitwa

640
00:33:30,200 --> 00:33:33,220
rootkit kit kwenye kompyuta ya watu
bila ya wao kujua.

641
00:33:33,220 --> 00:33:36,570
Na kiini cha hii ilikuwa kwamba wakati wewe
kununuliwa CD kwa mfano kwamba wao

642
00:33:36,570 --> 00:33:40,050
hawakupenda wewe kuwa na uwezo wa kunakili au
mpasuko mbali ya muziki, CD ingekuwa

643
00:33:40,050 --> 00:33:42,600
kufunga, bila kujua wako,
rootkit kwenye kompyuta yako.

644
00:33:42,600 --> 00:33:46,020
Rootkit tu kwa maana ya programu kwamba anaendesha
kama msimamizi kwamba uwezekano

645
00:33:46,020 --> 00:33:47,260
anafanya mambo mabaya.

646
00:33:47,260 --> 00:33:50,780
>> Lakini miongoni mwa mambo jambo hili
gani ilikuwa ni kujificha yenyewe.

647
00:33:50,780 --> 00:33:53,660
Hivyo baadhi yenu wanaweza kuwa pretty savvy
na kompyuta yako na kujua, vizuri, mimi

648
00:33:53,660 --> 00:33:57,310
Unaweza tu kufungua Meneja Task au
Shughuli Monitor na mimi unaweza kuangalia kila

649
00:33:57,310 --> 00:33:59,150
ya mipango arcanely aitwaye
kwamba ni mbio.

650
00:33:59,150 --> 00:34:01,760
Na kama kitu inaonekana tuhuma
Mimi itabidi kuua au kufuta.

651
00:34:01,760 --> 00:34:02,980
Lakini kwamba ni nini rootkit alivyofanya.

652
00:34:02,980 --> 00:34:07,070
Kimsingi alisema, kama mbio Task
Meneja, hawaonyeshi mwenyewe.

653
00:34:07,070 --> 00:34:08,500
>> Hivyo programu alikuwa huko.

654
00:34:08,500 --> 00:34:12,710
Na tu kama wewe kweli, kweli inaonekana
ngumu unaweza hata kupata hiyo.

655
00:34:12,710 --> 00:34:15,670
Na hii ilifanyika katika jina
ya ulinzi nakala.

656
00:34:15,670 --> 00:34:18,230
Lakini tu kufikiria nini hakuweza
zimefanyika vinginevyo.

657
00:34:18,230 --> 00:34:19,699
>> Sasa katika suala la kulinda mwenyewe.

658
00:34:19,699 --> 00:34:22,190
mengi ya Nje ni ajabu
katika neema kwamba wao kuweka hizi

659
00:34:22,190 --> 00:34:26,480
kufuli icons juu ya tovuti yao ambayo
ina maana kwamba tovuti ni salama.

660
00:34:26,480 --> 00:34:28,870
Hii ni kutoka bankofamerica.com
asubuhi hii.

661
00:34:28,870 --> 00:34:32,239
Basi ni nini kwamba kidogo kufuli icon
kuna maana karibu na Ingia kifungo?

662
00:34:32,239 --> 00:34:35,699

663
00:34:35,699 --> 00:34:36,790
>> Kitu kabisa.

664
00:34:36,790 --> 00:34:39,560
Ina maana mtu anajua jinsi ya kutumia
Photoshop kufanya picha ya

665
00:34:39,560 --> 00:34:40,590
kufuli icon.

666
00:34:40,590 --> 00:34:44,449
Kama halisi kabisa, ukweli kwamba ni
huko ni maana ya kuwa chanya

667
00:34:44,449 --> 00:34:46,880
ishara kwa mtumiaji kama,
ooh, tovuti salama.

668
00:34:46,880 --> 00:34:50,449
Mimi lazima matumaini tovuti hii na sasa
aina katika jina la mtumiaji yangu na password.

669
00:34:50,449 --> 00:34:53,870
Na hii imekuwa ya kawaida kwa
miaka, kama hivi karibuni kama asubuhi hii.

670
00:34:53,870 --> 00:34:56,949
>> Lakini fikiria tabia ambayo
hii ni kupata sisi ndani.

671
00:34:56,949 --> 00:35:00,600
Fikiria ujumbe thabiti kwamba kila
ya benki hizi katika kesi hii wamekuwa

672
00:35:00,600 --> 00:35:01,830
kutuma yetu kwa miaka.

673
00:35:01,830 --> 00:35:05,160
Kama unaweza kuona kufuli, basi salama.

674
00:35:05,160 --> 00:35:05,340
Wote haki?

675
00:35:05,340 --> 00:35:10,520
>> Hivyo jinsi gani unaweza vibaya kwamba mfumo
wa uaminifu kama wewe ni mtu mbaya?

676
00:35:10,520 --> 00:35:14,100
Kuweka kufuli kwenye tovuti yako, na
kifikra, watumiaji wamekuwa

677
00:35:14,100 --> 00:35:17,260
conditioned kwa miaka kwa kudhani
kufuli maana salama.

678
00:35:17,260 --> 00:35:19,310
Na ili kweli kuwa salama.

679
00:35:19,310 --> 00:35:24,810
Unaweza kuwa na ajabu salama
SSL HTTPS uhusiano na

680
00:35:24,810 --> 00:35:26,452
bandia tovuti com..

681
00:35:26,452 --> 00:35:30,150
Na hakuna mtu mwingine katika dunia wanaweza kuona
kwamba wewe ni kuhusu mkono kwake

682
00:35:30,150 --> 00:35:32,790
jina na password yako
kwa akaunti yako.

683
00:35:32,790 --> 00:35:35,110
>> Hii ingawa, pengine, ni
zaidi kidogo ya kumtuliza.

684
00:35:35,110 --> 00:35:38,600
Hivyo hii ni risasi screen ya juu
ya browser yangu asubuhi hii katika

685
00:35:38,600 --> 00:35:39,910
bankofamerica.com.

686
00:35:39,910 --> 00:35:43,270
Na taarifa hapa pia sisi
na icon kufuli.

687
00:35:43,270 --> 00:35:48,040
Ina maana gani katika muktadha huu
katika Chrome angalau?

688
00:35:48,040 --> 00:35:49,520
>> Hivyo hii ni sasa kwa kutumia SSL.

689
00:35:49,520 --> 00:35:51,220
Hivyo hii ni kweli ni jambo bora.

690
00:35:51,220 --> 00:35:54,250
Na ukweli kwamba Chrome kuifanya
kijani ni maana ya kuteka mawazo yetu

691
00:35:54,250 --> 00:35:56,750
na ukweli kwamba hii ni
si tu juu ya SSL.

692
00:35:56,750 --> 00:36:01,400
Hii ni kampuni ya kwamba mtu nje
kumekuwa kuthibitishwa ni kweli

693
00:36:01,400 --> 00:36:02,520
bankofamerica.com.

694
00:36:02,520 --> 00:36:05,970
Na hiyo ina maana kwamba Benki Kuu ya Marekani,
wakati wa kununua yao kinachojulikana SSL

695
00:36:05,970 --> 00:36:09,680
cheti, kimsingi kubwa random,
kiasi fulani random idadi kwamba kutekeleza

696
00:36:09,680 --> 00:36:14,710
usalama kwa ajili yao, wamekuwa
kuthibitishwa na baadhi ya tatu huru

697
00:36:14,710 --> 00:36:15,570
chama kwamba anasema, yep.

698
00:36:15,570 --> 00:36:19,240
Hii ni kweli ni Mkurugenzi Mtendaji wa Benki ya
Amerika ya kujaribu kununua cheti.

699
00:36:19,240 --> 00:36:23,290
Chrome hiyo imani kwamba
vyeti mamlaka na kusema katika

700
00:36:23,290 --> 00:36:25,265
kijani, hii ni bankofamerica.com.

701
00:36:25,265 --> 00:36:27,997
Na Benki Kuu ya Marekani tu inalipa chache
dola mia kwa kuwa au wachache

702
00:36:27,997 --> 00:36:30,800
elfu kinyume na
wachache mamia ya dola.

703
00:36:30,800 --> 00:36:34,940
>> Lakini hapa pia, jinsi wengi una milele
tulipokuwa yoyote tofauti kwa sababu

704
00:36:34,940 --> 00:36:38,576
URL katika browser yako ni
kijani badala ya nyeusi?

705
00:36:38,576 --> 00:36:39,900
Haki?

706
00:36:39,900 --> 00:36:40,600
Hivyo michache ya kwetu.

707
00:36:40,600 --> 00:36:42,115
Na kwamba ni vizuri kuwa Paranoid.

708
00:36:42,115 --> 00:36:45,910
Lakini hata hivyo, wale ambao hata
taarifa ya hayo, je, kweli

709
00:36:45,910 --> 00:36:50,720
kuacha kukata magogo katika salama vinginevyo
tovuti kama URL si ya kijani?

710
00:36:50,720 --> 00:36:53,380
Haki ya wote, hivyo pengine si, haki?

711
00:36:53,380 --> 00:36:56,740
Angalau wengi wetu, kama si ya kijani,
uwezekano mkubwa wewe ni kwenda tu

712
00:36:56,740 --> 00:36:57,440
kuwa kama, chochote.

713
00:36:57,440 --> 00:36:58,950
Kama, mimi nataka kuingia katika tovuti hii.

714
00:36:58,950 --> 00:37:00,200
Hiyo ndiyo maana Mimi niko hapa.

715
00:37:00,200 --> 00:37:02,390
Mimi nina kwenda kuingia kwenye hata hivyo.

716
00:37:02,390 --> 00:37:04,500
>> Kama kando, Chrome ni kidogo
bora kuhusu hili.

717
00:37:04,500 --> 00:37:07,990
Lakini kuna mengi ya browsers kama
Firefox kwa mfano, angalau kwa

718
00:37:07,990 --> 00:37:12,190
baadhi ya wakati, ambapo kwamba icon kufuli
ni, unaweza kweli kuweka yoyote

719
00:37:12,190 --> 00:37:13,250
icon yako mwenyewe.

720
00:37:13,250 --> 00:37:17,480
Hebu kuona nini toleo la karibuni
wa Firefox inaonekana kama.

721
00:37:17,480 --> 00:37:20,040
Hivyo kama sisi kwenda CS50.net.

722
00:37:20,040 --> 00:37:21,580
>> OK, hivyo wameweza kujipatia bora pia.

723
00:37:21,580 --> 00:37:24,970
Nini browsers kutumika kufanya ni kama,
hapa ni kwa mfano [? Mustafa ni?]

724
00:37:24,970 --> 00:37:25,790
Muungano hapa juu.

725
00:37:25,790 --> 00:37:29,240
Hiyo ni favorite kinachojulikana
icon kwa tovuti.

726
00:37:29,240 --> 00:37:30,190
Miaka iliyopita -

727
00:37:30,190 --> 00:37:34,720
kweli si mrefu uliopita - kwamba kidogo
ngao ingekuwa haki

728
00:37:34,720 --> 00:37:36,560
hapa karibu na URL.

729
00:37:36,560 --> 00:37:40,300
Kwa sababu fikra baadhi aliamua kwamba
ingekuwa tu kuangalia pretty classy kuwa

730
00:37:40,300 --> 00:37:43,150
alama yako graphical haki
karibu na URL yako.

731
00:37:43,150 --> 00:37:45,310
Na kubuni busara, kwamba kweli
ni pretty kulazimisha.

732
00:37:45,310 --> 00:37:47,240
>> Hivyo nini mbaya guy kuanza kufanya?

733
00:37:47,240 --> 00:37:50,500
Walianza kubadilisha favorite yao
icons, au default yao icon kwa

734
00:37:50,500 --> 00:37:55,250
homepage kuwa si ya Muungano
lakini kufuli, ambayo ilikuwa na

735
00:37:55,250 --> 00:37:56,600
hakuna kabisa maana.

736
00:37:56,600 --> 00:37:59,760
Nyingine zaidi ya icon yao favorite
ilikuwa kufuli hakuwa

737
00:37:59,760 --> 00:38:01,250
dalili ya usalama.

738
00:38:01,250 --> 00:38:04,040
>> Hivyo masomo hapa ni
wanandoa nadhani.

739
00:38:04,040 --> 00:38:07,820
Moja ni kwamba ni kweli kuna baadhi ya
vizuri nia taratibu za

740
00:38:07,820 --> 00:38:12,850
anatufundisha watumiaji kuhusu usalama hata
kama ungekuwa hata kujua nini kijani

741
00:38:12,850 --> 00:38:15,110
maana au nini hata HTTPS maana.

742
00:38:15,110 --> 00:38:19,130
Lakini kama wale taratibu kupata yetu katika
tabia mbaya ya Nje kuamini

743
00:38:19,130 --> 00:38:23,390
wakati sisi kuona ishara wale chanya,
wao ni urahisi sana vibaya kama tuliona

744
00:38:23,390 --> 00:38:26,480
muda tu iliyopita na kitu
silly kama hii.

745
00:38:26,480 --> 00:38:29,100
>> Hivyo kikao cha utekaji nyara anakuja katika
kucheza, kama sisi alisema kabla,

746
00:38:29,100 --> 00:38:30,510
na cookies kwa mfano.

747
00:38:30,510 --> 00:38:32,130
Na je kweli hii ina maana gani?

748
00:38:32,130 --> 00:38:35,930
Vizuri na kikao cha utekaji nyara hii yote ni
kuhusu kuiba biskuti ya mtu.

749
00:38:35,930 --> 00:38:39,860
Hivyo kama mimi kufungua Chrome hapa, kwa
mfano, na mimi kufungua Inspekta

750
00:38:39,860 --> 00:38:41,550
chini hapa na mimi kwenda
Tab Network -

751
00:38:41,550 --> 00:38:42,830
na tumefanya hii kabla -

752
00:38:42,830 --> 00:38:48,900
na mimi kwenda kwa kitu kama
http://facebook.com Enter, nzima

753
00:38:48,900 --> 00:38:52,280
rundo la mambo huenda katika screen
sababu ya kila picha na na CSS

754
00:38:52,280 --> 00:38:53,490
JavaScript files.

755
00:38:53,490 --> 00:38:59,420
>> Lakini kama mimi kuangalia moja hii hapa taarifa
kwamba Facebook ni kweli kupanda moja

756
00:38:59,420 --> 00:39:02,310
au zaidi cookies juu yangu
browser hapa hapa.

757
00:39:02,310 --> 00:39:05,610
Basi hizi ni kimsingi mkono
mihuri kwamba kuwakilisha yangu.

758
00:39:05,610 --> 00:39:08,580
Na sasa hopefully browser yangu mapenzi
sasa hii tena na tena wakati

759
00:39:08,580 --> 00:39:10,560
upya kwamba tovuti.

760
00:39:10,560 --> 00:39:15,810
Lakini kwamba tu ni salama, sisi alisema
Wiki kadhaa zilizopita, kama wewe ni kutumia SSL.

761
00:39:15,810 --> 00:39:18,860
>> Lakini hata SSL yenyewe unaweza
kuathirika.

762
00:39:18,860 --> 00:39:21,800
Fikiria baada ya matendo njia yote ya SSL.

763
00:39:21,800 --> 00:39:28,860
Wakati browser yako unajumuisha na kijijini
server kupitia https://, mrefu hadithi fupi,

764
00:39:28,860 --> 00:39:30,110
cryptography ni kushiriki.

765
00:39:30,110 --> 00:39:34,750
Ni si rahisi kama Kaisari, au
Visionaire au hata DES, DES kutoka

766
00:39:34,750 --> 00:39:36,110
wakati nyuma katika pset2.

767
00:39:36,110 --> 00:39:37,410
Ni ya kisasa zaidi kuliko hiyo.

768
00:39:37,410 --> 00:39:39,110
Ni wito umma muhimu cryptography.

769
00:39:39,110 --> 00:39:42,845
Lakini kwa kweli kubwa na kwa kweli random
idadi ni kutumika katika kinyang'anyiro

770
00:39:42,845 --> 00:39:47,125
habari kati ya uhakika, wewe,
na uhakika B, kama facebook.com.

771
00:39:47,125 --> 00:39:52,570
>> Lakini tatizo ni jinsi wengi wetu tena
milele aina katika https:// kuanza

772
00:39:52,570 --> 00:39:55,790
tovuti yetu ya uhusiano
kwa kuwa hali ya salama?

773
00:39:55,790 --> 00:40:00,900
I mean, jinsi wengi wenu hata
aina http://facebook.com?

774
00:40:00,900 --> 00:40:02,290
Wote haki, kama huna, kama, hello.

775
00:40:02,290 --> 00:40:03,510
Huna haja ya kufanya hivyo
tena, haki?

776
00:40:03,510 --> 00:40:05,190
browser takwimu ni nje.

777
00:40:05,190 --> 00:40:08,070
>> Lakini wengi wetu kufanya kweli
aina tu facebook.com.

778
00:40:08,070 --> 00:40:10,960
Kwa sababu kama sisi ni kutumia browser,
browsers waliopata kutosha smart na

779
00:40:10,960 --> 00:40:14,920
2013 kwa kudhani kama wewe ni kutumia
browser, aina katika anwani, wewe

780
00:40:14,920 --> 00:40:18,550
pengine wanataka kupata huduma hiyo si
kupitia barua pepe au ujumbe wa papo hapo.

781
00:40:18,550 --> 00:40:21,250
Una maana HTTP na Port 80.

782
00:40:21,250 --> 00:40:22,970
Makubaliano hayo yameidhinishwa.

783
00:40:22,970 --> 00:40:24,830
>> Lakini jinsi gani redirection kazi?

784
00:40:24,830 --> 00:40:26,170
Naam, taarifa ya nini kinatokea hapa.

785
00:40:26,170 --> 00:40:27,590
Kama mimi kurejea Chrome -

786
00:40:27,590 --> 00:40:31,920
na hebu kufanya hivyo katika fiche
mode ili wote yangu

787
00:40:31,920 --> 00:40:33,620
cookies kutupwa mbali.

788
00:40:33,620 --> 00:40:38,130
Na napenda kwenda hapa,
tena, facebook.com.

789
00:40:38,130 --> 00:40:39,490
Na hebu angalia nini kinatokea.

790
00:40:39,490 --> 00:40:43,372
>> Kumbuka kwamba ombi la kwanza ilikuwa ni
kweli tu kwa ajili ya facebook.com.

791
00:40:43,372 --> 00:40:46,580
Lakini nini jibu kwamba mimi got?

792
00:40:46,580 --> 00:40:48,520
Haikuwa OK 200.

793
00:40:48,520 --> 00:40:53,550
Ilikuwa ni 300, au 301, ambayo ni
kuelekeza akiniambia kwenda

794
00:40:53,550 --> 00:40:59,050
http://www.facebook.com, ambayo ni
ambapo Facebook anataka mimi niende.

795
00:40:59,050 --> 00:41:01,900
Lakini basi kama sisi kuangalia ombi ijayo,
na tumeona hii kabla,

796
00:41:01,900 --> 00:41:04,370
taarifa ya nini majibu yao ya pili ni.

797
00:41:04,370 --> 00:41:10,280
Hasa kwamba wanataka mimi sasa kwa
kwenda toleo SSL wa Facebook.

798
00:41:10,280 --> 00:41:11,800
>> Hivyo hapa ni fursa.

799
00:41:11,800 --> 00:41:15,440
Hii ni hulka ya ajabu muhimu
ya mtandao tu na HTTP.

800
00:41:15,440 --> 00:41:19,570
Kama mtumiaji wa mwisho kama Facebook anataka mimi
kukaa juu ya toleo salama wa zao

801
00:41:19,570 --> 00:41:20,850
tovuti, kubwa.

802
00:41:20,850 --> 00:41:23,130
Wao kuelekeza yangu kwa mwenyewe.

803
00:41:23,130 --> 00:41:25,250
Na hivyo mimi hawana hata
kufikiri juu ya kwamba.

804
00:41:25,250 --> 00:41:29,200
>> Lakini nini kama kati ya uhakika A na B,
kati ya wewe na Facebook, kuna baadhi ya

805
00:41:29,200 --> 00:41:32,220
mtu mbaya, kuna baadhi ya mfumo
msimamizi katika Harvard ambaye ni curious

806
00:41:32,220 --> 00:41:34,240
kuona ambaye ni rafiki yako.

807
00:41:34,240 --> 00:41:36,760
Au kuna baadhi ya -

808
00:41:36,760 --> 00:41:38,340
miaka iliyopita, hii kutumika kwa sauti mambo -

809
00:41:38,340 --> 00:41:41,950
lakini kuna baadhi ya taasisi za serikali kama
NSA ambaye ni kweli nia

810
00:41:41,950 --> 00:41:44,390
katika nani wewe poking katika Picha.

811
00:41:44,390 --> 00:41:45,910
Ambapo ni fursa huko?

812
00:41:45,910 --> 00:41:49,305
Naam, hivyo muda mrefu kama mtu ana kutosha
kiufundi savvy na kuwa wanapata

813
00:41:49,305 --> 00:41:53,350
mtandao wako halisi juu ya Wi-Fi
au baadhi ya waya za kimwili,

814
00:41:53,350 --> 00:41:54,570
nini inaweza kufanya nini?

815
00:41:54,570 --> 00:41:57,520
>> Naam, kama uko kwenye mtandao huo kama
wewe na wao kujua kitu kuhusu

816
00:41:57,520 --> 00:42:02,050
TCP / IP na IP na DNS na jinsi
wote wa kazi kwamba, nini kama kwamba

817
00:42:02,050 --> 00:42:05,970
mtu katikati, nini kama kwamba Taifa
Shirika la Usalama, chochote

818
00:42:05,970 --> 00:42:11,480
inaweza kuwa, lakini kile kama chombo tu kwamba
anajibu kwa haraka zaidi kuliko Facebook

819
00:42:11,480 --> 00:42:15,820
yako HTTP ombi na anasema,
oh, mimi ni kuungana.

820
00:42:15,820 --> 00:42:19,300
Kwenda mbele, na hapa ni
HTML kwa facebook.com.

821
00:42:19,300 --> 00:42:20,720
>> Kompyuta ni pretty darn haraka.

822
00:42:20,720 --> 00:42:25,990
Hivyo unaweza kuandika mpango mbio juu ya
server kama nsa.gov kwamba wakati

823
00:42:25,990 --> 00:42:29,790
kusikia ombi kutoka kwenu kwa
facebook.com, kwa haraka sana nyuma ya

824
00:42:29,790 --> 00:42:34,000
scenes anapata halisi facebook.com maamuzi
kikamilifu [? esque] salama?

825
00:42:34,000 --> 00:42:38,290
SSL uhusiano kati ya NSA na kati ya
Facebook, kupata kwamba HTML sana

826
00:42:38,290 --> 00:42:42,670
salama kwa ukurasa wa kuingilia, na kisha
Server NSA tu anajibu na wewe

827
00:42:42,670 --> 00:42:44,942
pamoja na ukurasa wa kuingia facebook.com.

828
00:42:44,942 --> 00:42:49,120
>> Sasa jinsi wengi wenu bila hata taarifa
kwamba wewe ni kutumia Facebook juu HTTP

829
00:42:49,120 --> 00:42:53,375
bado katika hatua hiyo kwa sababu wewe wameweza
ajali kushikamana na nsa.gov na

830
00:42:53,375 --> 00:42:53,870
si kuungana?

831
00:42:53,870 --> 00:42:54,980
URL si kubadilisha.

832
00:42:54,980 --> 00:42:57,040
Yote hii ni kuwa kufanyika
nyuma ya pazia.

833
00:42:57,040 --> 00:42:59,470
Lakini wengi wetu, mimi mwenyewe pamoja,
pengine bila taarifa

834
00:42:59,470 --> 00:43:00,800
undani vile madogo.

835
00:43:00,800 --> 00:43:05,510
>> Hivyo unaweza kuwa na kikamilifu workable
uhusiano kati ya wewe na nini

836
00:43:05,510 --> 00:43:08,660
nadhani ni kuungana, lakini kuna
kinachojulikana mtu katikati.

837
00:43:08,660 --> 00:43:12,480
Na hii ni neno la jumla kwa ajili ya mtu katika
mashambulizi ya katikati ambapo una baadhi ya

838
00:43:12,480 --> 00:43:17,670
chombo kati ya wewe na B hatua hiyo ni
namna fulani kufanyia, kuiba, au

839
00:43:17,670 --> 00:43:18,960
kuangalia data zako.

840
00:43:18,960 --> 00:43:22,750
Hivyo hata SSL si surefire, hasa
kama tumekuwa mkadanganywa katika

841
00:43:22,750 --> 00:43:26,790
si kugeuka juu kwa sababu ya jinsi gani hawa
taratibu za msingi kweli kazi.

842
00:43:26,790 --> 00:43:30,670
>> Hivyo somo leo basi pia ni kama wewe
kweli unataka kuwa Paranoid -

843
00:43:30,670 --> 00:43:32,110
na hata hapa kuna vitisho -

844
00:43:32,110 --> 00:43:37,112
lazima kweli kuanza kupata katika
tabia ya kuandika katika https://www

845
00:43:37,112 --> 00:43:39,850
chochote jina la uwanja wewe
kweli huduma ya juu.

846
00:43:39,850 --> 00:43:41,820
>> Na kama kando pia kuna
jingine tishio na

847
00:43:41,820 --> 00:43:43,410
kuhusu kikao cha utekaji nyara.

848
00:43:43,410 --> 00:43:47,440
Mara nyingi sana wakati wa kwanza kutembelea
tovuti kama facebook.com, isipokuwa

849
00:43:47,440 --> 00:43:51,050
server imekuwa kimeundwa kusema kwamba
kwamba muhuri mkono ni kuweka juu yenu

850
00:43:51,050 --> 00:43:56,140
jana lazima kupata yenyewe, yako
browser ili vizuri sana, juu ya

851
00:43:56,140 --> 00:44:00,620
kutembelea mambo kama facebook.com
google.com, twitter.com, browser yako

852
00:44:00,620 --> 00:44:04,280
yanaweza kuwasilisha kwamba muhuri mkono tu
kwa chombo chini na alisema, hakuna.

853
00:44:04,280 --> 00:44:05,660
Kutumia SSL.

854
00:44:05,660 --> 00:44:07,030
>> Lakini ni kuchelewa mno katika hatua hiyo.

855
00:44:07,030 --> 00:44:10,940
Kama tayari kutumwa mkono wako
muhuri, cookie yako, katika wazi na

856
00:44:10,940 --> 00:44:15,180
hakuna SSL, una kupasuliwa pili
mazingira magumu ambapo mtu sniffing

857
00:44:15,180 --> 00:44:19,530
trafiki yako, kama roommate au NSA,
wanaweza kutumia kuki huo, na

858
00:44:19,530 --> 00:44:23,860
na kidogo ya savvy ya kiufundi,
sasa ni kama yake au yeye mwenyewe.

859
00:44:23,860 --> 00:44:25,930
>> Mashambulizi mwingine waweza
kuwa na mawazo kuhusu.

860
00:44:25,930 --> 00:44:30,120
Moja hii ni kweli juu ya wewe kama parafujo
hii hadi katika kuandika baadhi tovuti ya kwamba

861
00:44:30,120 --> 00:44:31,580
namna fulani anatumia SQL.

862
00:44:31,580 --> 00:44:34,610
Hivyo hapa, kwa mfano, ni screen
risasi ya kuingia Harvard.

863
00:44:34,610 --> 00:44:36,380
Na huu ni mfano ujumla
ya kitu fulani na

864
00:44:36,380 --> 00:44:37,480
username na password.

865
00:44:37,480 --> 00:44:38,440
Super kawaida.

866
00:44:38,440 --> 00:44:41,310
Hivyo hebu kudhani kwamba SSL ipo na
hakuna mtu katikati au

867
00:44:41,310 --> 00:44:41,920
kitu kama hicho.

868
00:44:41,920 --> 00:44:45,660
Sasa sisi ni kulenga ya server
kificho kwamba unaweza kuandika.

869
00:44:45,660 --> 00:44:49,830
>> Naam, wakati mimi aina katika jina la mtumiaji na
password, tuseme kwamba huduma ya PIN

870
00:44:49,830 --> 00:44:51,740
ni kutekelezwa katika PHP.

871
00:44:51,740 --> 00:44:53,990
Na unaweza kuwa na baadhi ya kanuni
juu ya kuwa server kama hii.

872
00:44:53,990 --> 00:44:57,740
Kupata jina la mtumiaji kutoka super baada
kimataifa na kupata password, na kisha

873
00:44:57,740 --> 00:45:01,130
ikiwa wao ni kutumia baadhi pset7 kama
kanuni kuna kazi ya swala

874
00:45:01,130 --> 00:45:01,820
kwamba wanaweza kufanya kazi hii.

875
00:45:01,820 --> 00:45:06,320
Kuchagua nyota kutoka kwa watumiaji ambapo jina la mtumiaji
sawa na kwamba ni sawa na password kwamba.

876
00:45:06,320 --> 00:45:08,120
>> Kwamba inaonekana, katika mtazamo wa kwanza,
kabisa nafuu.

877
00:45:08,120 --> 00:45:11,090
Hii ni halali syntactically PHP code.

878
00:45:11,090 --> 00:45:13,160
Kimantiki kuna kitu
vibaya na hii.

879
00:45:13,160 --> 00:45:15,710
Takribani kuna baadhi ya zaidi ya mistari ambayo
kweli kufanya kitu na

880
00:45:15,710 --> 00:45:18,150
matokeo kwamba anakuja nyuma
kutoka database.

881
00:45:18,150 --> 00:45:20,580
Lakini hii ni hatari kwa
sababu zifuatazo.

882
00:45:20,580 --> 00:45:23,760
>> Taarifa kwamba, kama raia mwema,
Nimetia katika quotes, moja

883
00:45:23,760 --> 00:45:25,380
quotes, jina la mtumiaji.

884
00:45:25,380 --> 00:45:26,980
Na mimi kuweka katika quotes moja
password.

885
00:45:26,980 --> 00:45:28,830
Na kwamba ni jambo zuri kwa sababu wao ni
si walidhani kuwa namba.

886
00:45:28,830 --> 00:45:30,660
Kwa kawaida wao wanaenda kuwa maandishi.

887
00:45:30,660 --> 00:45:32,290
Hivyo mimi nina kunukuu wao kama masharti.

888
00:45:32,290 --> 00:45:37,470
>> Na kama mimi sasa mapema zaidi nini kama -
na nimekuwa kuondolewa risasi kutoka

889
00:45:37,470 --> 00:45:38,870
PIN huduma muda -

890
00:45:38,870 --> 00:45:41,650
nini kama mimi kujaribu kuingia kama
Rais [? Scroob?]

891
00:45:41,650 --> 00:45:52,540
lakini mimi kudai kwamba password yangu ni
12,345 'AU '1' = '1, na ilani

892
00:45:52,540 --> 00:45:53,830
nini mimi si kufanyika.

893
00:45:53,830 --> 00:45:56,140
Sikuwa karibu nyingine
moja kunukuu.

894
00:45:56,140 --> 00:45:58,500
Kwa sababu mimi nina pretty mkali
hapa kama mtu mbaya.

895
00:45:58,500 --> 00:46:01,870
Na mimi nina kuchukua wao ni uko
si nzuri sana na yako

896
00:46:01,870 --> 00:46:03,450
PHP na MySQL kanuni.

897
00:46:03,450 --> 00:46:06,740
Mimi guessing kwamba wewe si kuangalia
kwa uwepo wa quotes.

898
00:46:06,740 --> 00:46:11,190
>> Hivyo kile tu kilichotokea ni kwamba wakati yako
mtumiaji typed katika kamba kwamba,

899
00:46:11,190 --> 00:46:15,060
swala wewe kuhusu
kujenga inaonekana kama hii.

900
00:46:15,060 --> 00:46:18,180
Na kwa muda mrefu hadithi fupi, ikiwa wewe na
kitu pamoja au wewe au kitu

901
00:46:18,180 --> 00:46:21,740
pamoja hii ni kwenda na kurudi
mstari kutoka database.

902
00:46:21,740 --> 00:46:26,570
Sababu ni daima
kesi hiyo ni sawa na 1 1.

903
00:46:26,570 --> 00:46:30,400
>> Na kwa sababu tu wewe Hawakutarajia
kwamba watumiaji yako, nzuri au mbaya, ili

904
00:46:30,400 --> 00:46:35,340
kuwa na apostrophe katika jina yao wewe
tumemuumba swala SQL kwamba bado

905
00:46:35,340 --> 00:46:39,040
halali, na kurudi, matokeo sasa zaidi
kuliko unaweza kuwa na lengo.

906
00:46:39,040 --> 00:46:42,340
Na hivyo hii guy mbaya sasa ina uwezekano
watumiaji katika server yako

907
00:46:42,340 --> 00:46:47,060
kwa sababu database yako ni kurudi mstari
hata kama yeye au yeye hana wazo nini

908
00:46:47,060 --> 00:46:49,410
[? Scroob ya]? Password halisi ni.

909
00:46:49,410 --> 00:46:50,640
>> Oh, mimi barabara typo hapa.

910
00:46:50,640 --> 00:46:53,260
Mimi lazima wamesema password sawa
12,345 kama uliopita

911
00:46:53,260 --> 00:46:54,990
mfano au 1 sawa na 1.

912
00:46:54,990 --> 00:46:56,400
Mimi itabidi kurekebisha kwamba online.

913
00:46:56,400 --> 00:46:59,960
>> Hivyo kwa nini sisi kuwa wewe kutumia hoja
kazi pamoja na alama swali?

914
00:46:59,960 --> 00:47:04,000
Moja ya mambo ya kazi ya swala
haina kwa ajili yenu ni inafanya kuhakikisha kwamba

915
00:47:04,000 --> 00:47:07,660
wakati kupita katika hoja baada ya
koma hapa kama hii ya swala

916
00:47:07,660 --> 00:47:10,330
kwamba ni kweli alimtuma
Mbegu inaonekana kama hii.

917
00:47:10,330 --> 00:47:13,830
uglier mengi ya kuangalia, lakini nyuma
mikwaju wamekuwa moja kwa moja

918
00:47:13,830 --> 00:47:19,030
kuingizwa kuepuka just kwamba
sindano shambulio kwamba mimi ilionyesha

919
00:47:19,030 --> 00:47:20,270
wakati iliyopita.

920
00:47:20,270 --> 00:47:24,930
>> Sasa fun XKCD kwamba mimi walidhani Ningependa kuvuta
hapa kwamba hopefully lazima sasa kuwa

921
00:47:24,930 --> 00:47:28,546
zaidi kidogo ya kueleweka
hii ni moja hapa.

922
00:47:28,546 --> 00:47:39,460

923
00:47:39,460 --> 00:47:40,265
>> kidogo kidogo?

924
00:47:40,265 --> 00:47:42,370
Labda tunahitaji zaidi kidogo
mjadala juu ya hilo.

925
00:47:42,370 --> 00:47:47,810
Hivyo hii ni akidokeza mtoto mdogo
aitwaye Bobby ambaye kwa namna fulani kuchukuliwa

926
00:47:47,810 --> 00:47:52,250
faida ya tovuti ambayo ni ya haki
kuamini kwamba yale mtumiaji typed

927
00:47:52,250 --> 00:47:55,100
katika si, katika ukweli, SQL kificho,
lakini kwa kweli ni kamba.

928
00:47:55,100 --> 00:47:56,830
>> Sasa unaweza kukumbuka kwamba tone -

929
00:47:56,830 --> 00:48:00,190
unaweza kuwa na kuonekana hii - tone njia
kufuta meza, kufuta database.

930
00:48:00,190 --> 00:48:02,235
Hivyo kama wewe kimsingi kudai kuwa
jina lako ni Robert "; droptabl

931
00:48:02,235 --> 00:48:03,485
estudentsomething,]

932
00:48:03,485 --> 00:48:06,340

933
00:48:06,340 --> 00:48:09,370
unaweza vizuri sana hila database
si tu katika kuangalia kwamba wewe ni

934
00:48:09,370 --> 00:48:13,530
kweli Robert, lakini pia semicolon
kuendelea na kuacha meza.

935
00:48:13,530 --> 00:48:17,560
>> Na hivyo SQL sindano mashambulizi unaweza
kweli kuwa tishio kama hii

936
00:48:17,560 --> 00:48:20,740
ambapo unaweza kufuta data ya mtu,
unaweza kuchagua datas zaidi ya

937
00:48:20,740 --> 00:48:23,440
lengo, unaweza kuingiza
au update data.

938
00:48:23,440 --> 00:48:26,520
Na unaweza kweli kuona hii juu ya saa
nyumbani zoezi, si kwa makusudi

939
00:48:26,520 --> 00:48:29,730
madhumuni lakini tu kwa ajili ya kufundishia,
ni wakati wowote wewe ni ilisababisha kuingia

940
00:48:29,730 --> 00:48:35,180
katika tovuti, hasa aina fulani ya
si sana ya umma, maarufu sana tovuti,

941
00:48:35,180 --> 00:48:38,630
jaribu kuingia katika kama Yohana O'Reilly
au mtu aliye na

942
00:48:38,630 --> 00:48:39,740
apostrophe katika jina lao.

943
00:48:39,740 --> 00:48:42,990
Au kimaandishi tu aina apostrophe,
hit Enter, na kuona nini kinatokea.

944
00:48:42,990 --> 00:48:47,990
>> Na mara nyingi, huzuni, watu
si sanitized pembejeo zao na

945
00:48:47,990 --> 00:48:51,690
alihakikisha kwamba mambo kama quotes
au semicolons ni alitoroka.

946
00:48:51,690 --> 00:48:54,430
Ambayo ni kwa nini katika pset7 sisi kutoa
wewe hii kazi swala.

947
00:48:54,430 --> 00:48:59,510
Lakini si chini ya kufahamu hasa
nini anafanya kwa ajili yenu.

948
00:48:59,510 --> 00:49:01,800
>> Hivyo kwa kuwa alisema, kufurahia kutumia
mtandao wiki hii.

949
00:49:01,800 --> 00:49:04,660
Na sisi kuona juu ya Jumatatu.

950
00:49:04,660 --> 00:49:06,180
>> Saa CD50 ijayo.

951
00:49:06,180 --> 00:49:18,614
>> [MUSIC]