1
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2
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>> SPIKA 1: zote haki.

3
00:00:13,650 --> 00:00:14,390
Karibu tena.

4
00:00:14,390 --> 00:00:19,260
Hii ni Wiki Mbili ya CS50, na tuna
hivi sasa wamekuwa kutumia kazi lakini

5
00:00:19,260 --> 00:00:20,830
kiasi kikubwa kuchukuliwa yao kwa nafasi.

6
00:00:20,830 --> 00:00:23,430
Tumekuwa kutumika printf ambayo ina
upande wa athari za uchapishaji

7
00:00:23,430 --> 00:00:24,110
mambo kwenye screen.

8
00:00:24,110 --> 00:00:25,790
Tumekuwa kutumika kupata-int, kupata kuelea.

9
00:00:25,790 --> 00:00:29,230
>> Lakini nini kama kweli wanataka kujenga
kazi yako mwenyewe, kama baadhi ya

10
00:00:29,230 --> 00:00:31,740
unaweza kuwa tayari imeanza
kufanya kwa ajili Tatizo Set Moja, ingawa

11
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si madhubuti inahitajika?

12
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Naam, hebu kwenda mbele na kupitia upya kwamba
tatizo la kuuliza tu kwa mtumiaji

13
00:00:37,150 --> 00:00:40,660
majina yao na uchapishaji kitu juu ya
screen, lakini jaribu nje ya sababu baadhi ya

14
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ya ufanano kwamba tumekuwa
kuonekana katika kanuni yetu hivi sasa.

15
00:00:44,000 --> 00:00:45,120
Hivyo kwa kuwa mimi maana zifuatazo.

16
00:00:45,120 --> 00:00:47,315
>> Mimi nina kwenda mbele na kujenga
mpango mpya, kuwaita tu

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ni hello.c kama kawaida.

18
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Mimi nina kwenda mbele na kutoa mwenyewe
ni pamoja na kiwango io.h kwa juu.

19
00:00:53,730 --> 00:00:57,040
Mimi naenda pia kutoa mwenyewe
preemptively maktaba CS50 ili

20
00:00:57,040 --> 00:00:59,080
Mimi si kupata yelled saa na mkusanyaji.

21
00:00:59,080 --> 00:01:02,400
Na sasa mimi nina kwenda mbele
na kutangaza int, kuu, utupu.

22
00:01:02,400 --> 00:01:09,020
>> Na kisha katika hapa, hii ni wapi nataka
kuanza outsource utendaji kwa

23
00:01:09,020 --> 00:01:12,090
baadhi ya kazi nyingine kwamba Mimi mwenyewe ni
kwenda kuandika lakini hiyo haina

24
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sasa zipo.

25
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Kwa mfano, tuseme kwamba nilitaka
kuandika kazi kwamba inaruhusu mimi

26
00:01:19,210 --> 00:01:23,830
magazeti nje hello, comma, na
kisha jina baadhi ya mtumiaji.

27
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Kuliko kuendelea kufanya printf
hello,% s, si ingekuwa nzuri kama

28
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kulikuwa tu kazi kuitwa
si printf lakini jina magazeti?

29
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>> Hivyo kwa maneno mengine, nataka kuwa na uwezo wa
kuandika mpango kwamba haina kidogo

30
00:01:36,600 --> 00:01:37,710
kitu kama hiki.

31
00:01:37,710 --> 00:01:42,070
Kwanza, mimi nina kwenda kusema printf yako
jina, na hivyo kusababisha mtumiaji

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nipe jina lake, na kisha mimi nina
kwenda kutumia kamba ya ukoo kwa

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kutangaza kamba.

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Nipe kutofautiana wa kamba aina,
simu yake, na kwamba kuhifadhi katika

35
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kusababisha ya wito wa kupata kamba.

36
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Lakini sasa katika kipindi cha wiki, mimi ingekuwa
kiasi fulani tediously kufanyika hello,% s / n.

37
00:01:56,060 --> 00:01:58,630

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00:01:58,630 --> 00:02:02,570
>> Na kwa maneno mengine, tumeona hii
mfano rundo la nyakati, na ni

39
00:02:02,570 --> 00:02:05,280
yasiyo na maana kwa sababu kuna mfano moja tu
mstari wa kanuni hivyo ni kweli si

40
00:02:05,280 --> 00:02:06,860
kubwa mpango wa kuweka kuandika tena.

41
00:02:06,860 --> 00:02:09,990
Lakini tuseme kwamba hii mstari wa kanuni
kweli walikuwa kuwa mzigo, na

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00:02:09,990 --> 00:02:12,900
siyo moja mstari wa kanuni lakini ni 10
mstari wa kanuni wiki kadhaa kuanzia sasa,

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na wewe ni kupata tu amechoka
ya kuiga na pasting au

44
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retyping kwamba kanuni hiyo.

45
00:02:17,180 --> 00:02:22,100
Je, si ni kuwa nzuri badala ya kufanya
printf hello,% s na kadhalika,

46
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si ingekuwa nzuri kama kulikuwa tu
kazi kuitwa magazeti jina kwamba

47
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inachukua hoja -

48
00:02:27,560 --> 00:02:29,120
kwa maneno mengine, inachukua pembejeo -

49
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na kisha semicolon.

50
00:02:30,620 --> 00:02:33,240
Hivyo kazi kwamba, sivyo
kuwa nzuri kama kwamba kuwepo?

51
00:02:33,240 --> 00:02:36,690
Basi mimi bila kuwa na wasiwasi kuhusu
nini printf ni, nini% s na wote wa

52
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haya matatizo makubwa ambayo ni
si yote ya kuvutia.

53
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Wao ni muhimu.

54
00:02:40,570 --> 00:02:44,700
>> Hivyo magazeti jina, kwa bahati mbaya, hakuwa
zuliwa baadhi ya 40 pamoja na miaka iliyopita.

55
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Hakuna mtu walidhani kuandika.

56
00:02:45,980 --> 00:02:48,300
Lakini hiyo ni uzuri wa kuwa na
programu lugha, kama katika

57
00:02:48,300 --> 00:02:52,930
Mwanzo unaweza kufafanua vitalu desturi, hivyo
katika C na lugha yoyote zaidi, unaweza

58
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kufafanua utendaji yako mwenyewe, unaweza
unaweza kufafanua majukumu yako mwenyewe.

59
00:02:57,260 --> 00:03:01,710
Hivyo hata kama sisi kupata kuu na
moja kwa moja kwa ajili ya bure, tunaweza kutangaza

60
00:03:01,710 --> 00:03:02,730
kazi yetu wenyewe.

61
00:03:02,730 --> 00:03:05,670
>> Hivyo nina kwenda kufanya baadhi ya chumba hadi hapa
juu juu, na mimi nina kwenda kutangaza yangu

62
00:03:05,670 --> 00:03:08,210
mwenyewe kazi hiyo ni kwenda kuangalia
ajabu kidogo mwanzoni lakini tutaweza kuja

63
00:03:08,210 --> 00:03:09,400
nyuma ya hii kabla ya muda mrefu.

64
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Mimi nina kwenda kusema batili, na hivyo
kuonyesha kazi hii haina

65
00:03:12,310 --> 00:03:16,040
kitu, ina athari upande, lakini ni
haina kurudi kitu kwangu katika

66
00:03:16,040 --> 00:03:18,810
njia ile kupata int au
kupata kamba yenyewe gani.

67
00:03:18,810 --> 00:03:22,450
Na mimi naenda kuwapa kazi huu
jina ya jina magazeti, na mimi nina kwenda

68
00:03:22,450 --> 00:03:26,470
bayana kwamba guy hii ni kwenda kuchukua
kamba, na mimi nina kwenda kuwaita kwamba

69
00:03:26,470 --> 00:03:27,600
kamba jina.

70
00:03:27,600 --> 00:03:32,100
Mimi naweza kuiita kitu nataka, lakini mimi
unataka kanuni yangu kuwa binafsi kumbukumbu.

71
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Kwa maneno mengine, kama moja ya ungekuwa na
kufungua faili hii na kusoma, unaweza

72
00:03:34,770 --> 00:03:39,020
aina ya tuambia ya kwamba jina
pembejeo nini jukumu ni walidhani kucheza.

73
00:03:39,020 --> 00:03:42,270
>> Na sasa chini ya kwamba, mimi naenda kufungua
curly brace na kufungwa curly brace,

74
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na hivyo taarifa nimekuwa ikifuatiwa huo
mfano juu ya mistari minne kupitia saba kama

75
00:03:47,140 --> 00:03:51,622
Nimekuwa zifuatazo kwa ajili ya wiki nzuri pamoja na
sasa kati, wanasema, mistari tisa na

76
00:03:51,622 --> 00:03:53,400
14 ambayo kutunga kuu.

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00:03:53,400 --> 00:03:56,160
Kwa maneno mengine, magazeti jina
ni kazi nyingine.

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00:03:56,160 --> 00:03:58,990
Sasa, mkusanyaji si kwenda kujua
kuwaita jambo hili moja kwa moja

79
00:03:58,990 --> 00:04:02,670
kwa sababu mimi literally tu zuliwa yake,
lakini itakuwa kujua bado kuwaita kuu

80
00:04:02,670 --> 00:04:08,710
moja kwa moja, na kisha bila shaka katika
mstari 13, Mimi wito kazi yangu mwenyewe.

81
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Na kwa sababu nimekuwa alitangaza kwamba kazi
hadi kwenye mstari nne kabla kuu,

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hii ni kwenda kufundisha mkusanyaji
nini quote, unquote, "magazeti ya jina"

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00:04:16,579 --> 00:04:18,140
ina maana na nini anatakiwa kufanya.

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00:04:18,140 --> 00:04:22,700
Hivyo mimi nina aina ya kutoa ni desturi mpya
kuzuia katika mazingira ya, kusema, Scratch.

85
00:04:22,700 --> 00:04:27,240
>> Hivyo katika hapa, siwezi kuweka kwamba kawaida sana
au mara kwa mara mfano wa kanuni ya mimi kuendelea

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00:04:27,240 --> 00:04:32,300
kuandika katika darasa, printf
% S hello,% s / n ", -

87
00:04:32,300 --> 00:04:36,720

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je, nataka kuweka hapa?

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S?

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00:04:39,200 --> 00:04:41,420
Hivyo nataka kuweka jina katika muktadha huu.

91
00:04:41,420 --> 00:04:43,440
Hivyo taarifa kidogo ya dichotomy hapa.

92
00:04:43,440 --> 00:04:47,680
Kwa sababu mimi kutangaza kazi yangu mwenyewe
na mimi kuwa kiasi fulani kiholela kuitwa

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ni magazeti jina, na kwa sababu nimekuwa
maalum katika mabano kuwa hii

94
00:04:50,880 --> 00:04:55,035
kazi inachukua moja hoja, aina ya
ambayo ni kamba - hivyo ni neno

95
00:04:55,035 --> 00:05:00,010
au maneno au kitu kama hicho - na
Mimi nina wito kwamba jina hoja, kwamba

96
00:05:00,010 --> 00:05:04,770
maana kutofautiana tu kwamba katika
upeo, ili kuzungumza, ni jina.

97
00:05:04,770 --> 00:05:07,780
>> S tu lipo kati ya yale mawili
curly braces, bila shaka?

98
00:05:07,780 --> 00:05:12,990
Vizuri kweli, kama tu mstari wa 10 kupitia
14, hivyo kama tu Jumatatu hawawezi kutumia

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S, lakini ninachoweza kufanya ni kupita
S katika jina magazeti.

100
00:05:17,650 --> 00:05:21,030
Magazeti jina tu hivyo hutokea kuwapa
pak, kisawe, jina la utani,

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00:05:21,030 --> 00:05:24,400
kuiita jina, na sasa
kutumia katika mstari huu.

102
00:05:24,400 --> 00:05:26,840
Hivyo sasa napenda kuokoa hii, zoom nje.

103
00:05:26,840 --> 00:05:31,250
>> Hebu kwenda mbele na kufanya hello.

104
00:05:31,250 --> 00:05:32,400
Inaonekana nzuri.

105
00:05:32,400 --> 00:05:36,110
Hakuwa mate nje ya makosa yoyote.
. / Hodi kuingia.

106
00:05:36,110 --> 00:05:37,020
Nini jina langu?

107
00:05:37,020 --> 00:05:38,060
Daudi.

108
00:05:38,060 --> 00:05:39,270
Hujambo na Daudi.

109
00:05:39,270 --> 00:05:41,820
Hivyo si kusisimua kwamba wote,
lakini nadhani tu sasa.

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00:05:41,820 --> 00:05:44,310
Sasa una kwamba kiungo hicho
kama tulivyofanya katika Scratch

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00:05:44,310 --> 00:05:45,420
kufanya kazi zetu wenyewe.

112
00:05:45,420 --> 00:05:46,770
>> Lakini kuna ni kidogo ya gotcha.

113
00:05:46,770 --> 00:05:50,620
Tuseme kwamba sikuwa kweli mawazo
hii kwa njia na mimi kwa kweli bila

114
00:05:50,620 --> 00:05:54,250
kweli kufikiri juu yake aliandika
kwamba kazi ya chini hapa.

115
00:05:54,250 --> 00:05:55,420
Anahisi kikamilifu busara.

116
00:05:55,420 --> 00:05:58,440
Katika Scratch kuna dhana hakuna
ya eneo katika maandiko yako.

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Unaweza kuweka moja hadi hapa, mmoja hapa juu,
moja hadi hapa, na ili kuanza

118
00:06:00,670 --> 00:06:03,310
kuangalia messy kidogo kama huna
kuweka nje vizuri, lakini haina

119
00:06:03,310 --> 00:06:05,910
jambo ambapo kimwili scripts
walikuwa kwenye screen.

120
00:06:05,910 --> 00:06:09,660
Kwa bahati mbaya katika C - na hii ni tofauti na
lugha kama Java na chatu

121
00:06:09,660 --> 00:06:13,600
na wengine kwamba unaweza kuwa na mazoea
na - kwa bahati mbaya katika C, ili gani

122
00:06:13,600 --> 00:06:15,830
jambo kwa sababu ya kuangalia nini
kutokea sasa.

123
00:06:15,830 --> 00:06:19,010
>> kazi default kwamba kinaendelea
kutekeleza, ni wa kweli, kuu.

124
00:06:19,010 --> 00:06:22,290
Kuu ni kwenda kuwaita jina kwenye magazeti
line nane, lakini kwa bahati mbaya,

125
00:06:22,290 --> 00:06:26,660
mkusanyaji si hata kujua kwamba jina magazeti
ipo mpaka anapata kwa mstari 11,

126
00:06:26,660 --> 00:06:28,520
ambayo kwa bahati mbaya ni
kwenda kuwa kuchelewa mno.

127
00:06:28,520 --> 00:06:30,660
Basi hebu kufanya kufanya hello.

128
00:06:30,660 --> 00:06:32,950
Na sasa damn, makosa mawili yanayotokana.

129
00:06:32,950 --> 00:06:36,050
Hivyo sasa napenda kitabu juu kwa sana
kwanza, kama sisi lazima daima kufanya, na

130
00:06:36,050 --> 00:06:39,560
taarifa kwamba ni kunguruma saa yangu,
"Thabiti tamko la kazi

131
00:06:39,560 --> 00:06:40,540
magazeti jina. "

132
00:06:40,540 --> 00:06:43,860
>> Hivyo tumeona ujumbe huu kabla,
thabiti ya tangazo la kazi.

133
00:06:43,860 --> 00:06:48,080
Lini sisi kuonekana kuwa aina ya kosa?

134
00:06:48,080 --> 00:06:49,180
Wakati mimi hawakuwa ni pamoja na maktaba.

135
00:06:49,180 --> 00:06:53,470
Kama Nimesahau cs50.h na napenda kupata
yelled saa kwa ajili ya kupata kamba au kupata int.

136
00:06:53,470 --> 00:06:56,880
Lakini katika kesi hii, magazeti kazi
jina si katika maktaba, haki?

137
00:06:56,880 --> 00:07:00,230
Ni halisi katika faili hii, hivyo
nini kweli tatizo?

138
00:07:00,230 --> 00:07:04,660
>> Vizuri kwa bahati mbaya katika C, inachukua wewe
hivyo incredibly halisi kwamba kama wewe

139
00:07:04,660 --> 00:07:08,640
wanataka kazi kuitwa magazeti jina kwa
zipo, aidha una kutekeleza

140
00:07:08,640 --> 00:07:11,940
kwamba kazi saa ya juu sana ya yako
kanuni ili ni kupatikana kwa kupunguza

141
00:07:11,940 --> 00:07:15,070
kazi, lakini kusema ukweli, kwamba inakuwa
sloppy haraka sana.

142
00:07:15,070 --> 00:07:18,160
Binafsi, mimi kama kuweka kuu ya kwanza
kwa sababu basi ni wazi sana jambo hili

143
00:07:18,160 --> 00:07:19,890
mpango gani katika mtazamo wa kwanza.

144
00:07:19,890 --> 00:07:23,290
Na pamoja, unaweza kupata ndani ya kona weird
kesi ambapo kama x anataka kuwaita

145
00:07:23,290 --> 00:07:27,530
y lakini y kukiita x, wewe tu
kimwili hawawezi kweli kuweka moja

146
00:07:27,530 --> 00:07:28,540
juu ya wengine.

147
00:07:28,540 --> 00:07:31,230
>> Lakini zinageuka katika C, tunaweza
kutatua sana tu.

148
00:07:31,230 --> 00:07:34,010
Mimi naenda kuweka kidogo kidogo ya nafasi
hapa juu, na mimi nina kwenda tu

149
00:07:34,010 --> 00:07:38,170
preemptively, angalau kwa kiasi fulani
redundantly, kwenda kufundisha

150
00:07:38,170 --> 00:07:42,320
mkusanyaji kuwa kuna kazi
kuitwa magazeti jina, inachukua kamba,

151
00:07:42,320 --> 00:07:46,330
na mimi naenda kuwaita
ni jina semicolon.

152
00:07:46,330 --> 00:07:50,220
>> Hivyo hii sasa katika mstari nne, ambayo sisi
hawajaona kabla, ni tamko

153
00:07:50,220 --> 00:07:53,940
ya jina magazeti kazi, lakini ni tu
ahadi kwamba kazi hii itakuwa

154
00:07:53,940 --> 00:07:56,620
hatimaye kuelezwa, hatimaye
kutekelezwa.

155
00:07:56,620 --> 00:08:00,180
Hii sasa siwezi kuondoka peke yake kwa sababu
sasa hii ni ufafanuzi,

156
00:08:00,180 --> 00:08:04,090
utekelezaji, aina ya maili ya mwisho
ya utekelezaji wa hii

157
00:08:04,090 --> 00:08:05,130
hasa kazi.

158
00:08:05,130 --> 00:08:08,450
Hivyo kusema ukweli ni wajinga, ni annoying,
lakini hii ni njia C ni, na ni

159
00:08:08,450 --> 00:08:12,050
kwa sababu inachukua wewe sana halisi
na, kama kompyuta kusema ukweli lazima,

160
00:08:12,050 --> 00:08:16,020
tu haina nini hasa kuwaambia ni
kufanya, na ili kuagiza ni muhimu.

161
00:08:16,020 --> 00:08:18,940
>> Hivyo kuendelea kuwa katika akili na tena, kuanza
taarifa kujirudia kwa chati.

162
00:08:18,940 --> 00:08:21,850
Ni tabia mbaya wewe, kama wewe si
tayari, kuanza kukutana na ujumbe

163
00:08:21,850 --> 00:08:24,700
kama hii katika mtazamo wa kwanza wanaonekana
kabisa fumbo, lakini kama wewe kuanza

164
00:08:24,700 --> 00:08:29,000
kuangalia kwa maneno haya muhimu kama
"Thabiti tamko," kutaja ya

165
00:08:29,000 --> 00:08:32,380
kazi katika kesi hii - na kusema ukweli, wewe
wakati mwingine hata kupata kijani kidogo

166
00:08:32,380 --> 00:08:35,010
karoti ishara kwamba anakwambia ambapo
suala pengine ni -

167
00:08:35,010 --> 00:08:40,980
unaweza kuanza kufanya kazi kwa njia yako kwa njia ya
bado ghaibu kosa ujumbe.

168
00:08:40,980 --> 00:08:45,860
Maswali yoyote juu ya kuandika yako
mwenyewe kazi kwa njia hii?

169
00:08:45,860 --> 00:08:47,540
>> Hebu kufanya kitu ambacho
zaidi kidogo ya kulazimisha.

170
00:08:47,540 --> 00:08:51,760
Badala tu ya kufanya kitu ambayo ina
athari upande wa uchapishaji, napenda kwenda

171
00:08:51,760 --> 00:08:55,340
mbele na kuokoa faili mpya, na tutaweza
wito huu positive.c, hata kama ni

172
00:08:55,340 --> 00:08:57,600
kwenda kuwa tofauti kidogo
dhidi ya wakati wa mwisho.

173
00:08:57,600 --> 00:09:01,910
Na wakati huu, nataka tena kutekeleza
mara ya mwisho ya positive.C mfano, ambayo

174
00:09:01,910 --> 00:09:04,430
ni nguvu ya mtumiaji kutoa
mimi sifuri.

175
00:09:04,430 --> 00:09:07,280
Lakini nilikuwa kutumia kupata int mara ya mwisho.

176
00:09:07,280 --> 00:09:10,780
Je, si ni kuwa nzuri kama kuna
kazi kuitwa kupata int chanya

177
00:09:10,780 --> 00:09:13,610
kwamba mimi naweza tu outsource hii
kipande ya utendaji na?

178
00:09:13,610 --> 00:09:16,480
Hivyo tofauti hapa ni tutaweza
kutekeleza kupata int chanya, lakini tofauti na

179
00:09:16,480 --> 00:09:20,330
magazeti jina ambalo alikuwa na athari upande - ni
hakurudi kitu kwangu kama

180
00:09:20,330 --> 00:09:21,710
idadi au kamba -

181
00:09:21,710 --> 00:09:25,510
kupata int chanya, bila shaka, kwenda
kurudi, hopefully, int chanya.

182
00:09:25,510 --> 00:09:26,170
>> Basi hebu kufanya hili.

183
00:09:26,170 --> 00:09:30,840
Pamoja cs50.h, pamoja na kiwango io.h.

184
00:09:30,840 --> 00:09:33,520
Int utupu kuu.

185
00:09:33,520 --> 00:09:42,160
Na sasa katika hapa, mimi nina kwenda mbele
na hebu sema int, simu yake n, sawa na

186
00:09:42,160 --> 00:09:44,270
kupata int chanya.

187
00:09:44,270 --> 00:09:49,080
Na kama tu kupata int tayari ipo
sababu wafanyakazi aliandika, mimi naenda

188
00:09:49,080 --> 00:09:53,950
kwa kudhani kwa muda kwamba kupata
int chanya lipo, na sasa mimi naenda

189
00:09:53,950 --> 00:09:57,730
kwenda mbele na kusema printf,
shukrani kwa ajili ya% i / n ", n.

190
00:09:57,730 --> 00:10:02,940

191
00:10:02,940 --> 00:10:07,770
>> Hivyo sasa kama mimi kukusanya mpango huu, nini
kinaenda kutokea katika terminal yangu

192
00:10:07,770 --> 00:10:09,075
dirisha chini ya screen?

193
00:10:09,075 --> 00:10:11,580

194
00:10:11,580 --> 00:10:13,900
Mimi nina kwenda pengine kupata kwamba
huo kosa kama kabla.

195
00:10:13,900 --> 00:10:14,570
Basi hebu jaribu hii.

196
00:10:14,570 --> 00:10:16,450
Kufanya chanya.

197
00:10:16,450 --> 00:10:19,900
Na tena, thabiti tamko
ya kazi, kupata int chanya.

198
00:10:19,900 --> 00:10:21,970
Ili tuweze kutatua hili katika
michache ya njia.

199
00:10:21,970 --> 00:10:27,310
Mimi nina kwenda kushika ni rahisi na wa haki
kuweka tamko wangu hapa juu na kupata

200
00:10:27,310 --> 00:10:28,120
chanya int.

201
00:10:28,120 --> 00:10:29,720
Mimi haja saini kinachojulikana.

202
00:10:29,720 --> 00:10:32,410
saini tu inahusu
kwa aesthetics ya

203
00:10:32,410 --> 00:10:34,090
mstari wa kwanza wa mpango.

204
00:10:34,090 --> 00:10:37,420
Hivyo kile lazima kupata chanya
int kurudi?

205
00:10:37,420 --> 00:10:37,970
>> Hivyo int.

206
00:10:37,970 --> 00:10:41,540
I mean walau, ingekuwa kurudi
kitu kama int chanya, lakini kwamba

207
00:10:41,540 --> 00:10:42,160
haipo.

208
00:10:42,160 --> 00:10:45,280
Tumekuwa si kuonekana kwamba kati ya data zetu
aina, hivyo tuna kukabiliana na

209
00:10:45,280 --> 00:10:47,170
ukweli kwamba tuna wachache sana
data aina ya kazi.

210
00:10:47,170 --> 00:10:50,360
Lakini tunaweza kurudi int na tu
kuamini kwamba itakuwa chanya.

211
00:10:50,360 --> 00:10:52,690
Ni kwenda kuitwa
kupata int chanya.

212
00:10:52,690 --> 00:10:55,122
>> Na sasa vipi kuhusu hoja yake?

213
00:10:55,122 --> 00:10:56,440
Gani kuchukua mchango wowote?

214
00:10:56,440 --> 00:10:58,280
Je, ni haja yoyote ya pembejeo?

215
00:10:58,280 --> 00:11:00,900
Hivyo haina haja ya kujua
katika kitu chochote mapema.

216
00:11:00,900 --> 00:11:03,220
Kupata kamba hana, kupata int hana.

217
00:11:03,220 --> 00:11:06,430
Printf gani - ni mahitaji ya kuwa na baadhi ya
pembejeo kupita ndani yake - na jina magazeti

218
00:11:06,430 --> 00:11:09,020
zinahitajika baadhi ya pembejeo, lakini kupata
int chanya hana.

219
00:11:09,020 --> 00:11:11,530
Hivyo nina kwenda kupanga
kuwaambia utupu mkusanyaji.

220
00:11:11,530 --> 00:11:13,470
Utupu ni kukosekana kwa kitu kingine chochote.

221
00:11:13,470 --> 00:11:17,990
Hivyo utupu njia kitu kinaenda ndani ya
ya wale mabano, semicolon.

222
00:11:17,990 --> 00:11:20,840
>> Na sasa chini ya faili yangu - na
tena, Mimi tu kuwa aina ya anal

223
00:11:20,840 --> 00:11:23,640
hapa kuweka kuu saa ya juu, ambayo
ni mazoezi mazuri kwa sababu njia hii,

224
00:11:23,640 --> 00:11:26,220
wakati wowote wewe au mtu mwingine
kufungua faili yako,

225
00:11:26,220 --> 00:11:27,400
utendaji ni haki pale.

226
00:11:27,400 --> 00:11:29,660
Unaweza kupiga mbizi katika kutoka moja ya mraba.

227
00:11:29,660 --> 00:11:34,190
Hivyo sasa mimi naenda duplicate hii,
kupata chanya int batili, lakini nina

228
00:11:34,190 --> 00:11:35,430
kwenda hit semicolon sasa.

229
00:11:35,430 --> 00:11:38,280
Mimi naenda kufungua braces curly,
na sasa mimi haja ya kukopa

230
00:11:38,280 --> 00:11:39,700
baadhi ya mawazo kutoka Jumatatu.

231
00:11:39,700 --> 00:11:44,450
>> Hivyo kama unakumbuka, sisi alifanya kitu
kama kufanya yafuatayo wakati

232
00:11:44,450 --> 00:11:45,830
kitu ilikuwa kweli.

233
00:11:45,830 --> 00:11:46,630
Na nini mimi?

234
00:11:46,630 --> 00:11:51,540
Mimi alifanya kitu kama kutoa
mimi integer chanya,

235
00:11:51,540 --> 00:11:52,430
kidogo kidogo ya haraka.

236
00:11:52,430 --> 00:11:53,540
Mimi naweza kutumia maneno yoyote nataka.

237
00:11:53,540 --> 00:11:54,960
Na kisha mimi kutumika nini?

238
00:11:54,960 --> 00:11:59,530
Int n sawa na kupata int,
hakuna hoja yake.

239
00:11:59,530 --> 00:12:00,550
>> Na taarifa tofauti.

240
00:12:00,550 --> 00:12:04,680
Wakati wewe piga kazi, wakati matumizi ya
kazi, huna kuweka katika utupu.

241
00:12:04,680 --> 00:12:08,570
Wewe tu kufanya hivyo wakati akitangaza
kazi, akifundisha mkusanyaji nini

242
00:12:08,570 --> 00:12:09,780
ni lazima kutarajia.

243
00:12:09,780 --> 00:12:11,650
Hivyo huna haja ya kuweka
utupu mwenyewe hapo.

244
00:12:11,650 --> 00:12:12,940
>> Na sasa nini ilikuwa hali yangu?

245
00:12:12,940 --> 00:12:19,670
Naam, n si sawa na chanya,
lakini hiyo ni Pseudo-code.

246
00:12:19,670 --> 00:12:22,530
Hivyo ni jinsi gani mimi kueleza hii zaidi cleanly?

247
00:12:22,530 --> 00:12:24,090
Hivyo chini ya au sawa na sifuri.

248
00:12:24,090 --> 00:12:26,250
Hivyo tena, taarifa unaweza kufanya
kidogo kuliko au sawa na.

249
00:12:26,250 --> 00:12:28,100
Hata kama ni mbili tofauti
alama, unaweza kufanya hivyo kwa

250
00:12:28,100 --> 00:12:29,350
keyboard yako kama vile.

251
00:12:29,350 --> 00:12:33,950
>> Lakini bado kuna mdudu kwamba
Mimi Star juu wakati wa mwisho pia.

252
00:12:33,950 --> 00:12:36,950
Mimi kutangaza -

253
00:12:36,950 --> 00:12:37,460
hasa.

254
00:12:37,460 --> 00:12:39,640
Mimi na kutangaza n nje
ya kitanzi.

255
00:12:39,640 --> 00:12:44,180
Hivyo mimi haja ya kuweka n hapa juu, na mimi si
wanataka tena kutangaza hapa

256
00:12:44,180 --> 00:12:46,480
nisije kupata kutofautiana mpya.

257
00:12:46,480 --> 00:12:48,860
Mimi nataka tu hawawajui thamani katika hapa.

258
00:12:48,860 --> 00:12:54,320
>> Na sasa mimi nina si kabisa kufanyika hapa.

259
00:12:54,320 --> 00:12:57,290
Hebu kupata mbele ya mwenyewe
na kujifanya mimi nina kufanyika.

260
00:12:57,290 --> 00:13:01,220
Kufanya chanya, na sasa
kuna makosa mpya.

261
00:13:01,220 --> 00:13:04,550
Kudhibiti unafikia mwisho wa
mashirika yasiyo ya utupu kazi.

262
00:13:04,550 --> 00:13:07,760
Hivyo ujumbe mpya kosa, lakini kama aina
ya tease mbali kila aina ya maneno, ni

263
00:13:07,760 --> 00:13:09,620
pengine anadokeza nini kibaya.

264
00:13:09,620 --> 00:13:11,240
>> Kudhibiti.

265
00:13:11,240 --> 00:13:14,250
Kudhibiti tu ina maana kwa utaratibu
wa shughuli katika mpango.

266
00:13:14,250 --> 00:13:16,510
kompyuta ni katika kudhibiti na
kitu potoka.

267
00:13:16,510 --> 00:13:18,510
Hivyo kufikia mwisho wa
kazi si batili.

268
00:13:18,510 --> 00:13:21,760
Nini kazi ni inaonekana
akimaanisha?

269
00:13:21,760 --> 00:13:24,790
Nini kazi ni mashirika yasiyo ya utupu?

270
00:13:24,790 --> 00:13:27,400
Hivyo kupata int chanya, na kidogo
utata katika vizuri kwamba,

271
00:13:27,400 --> 00:13:29,010
ni aina ya utupu.

272
00:13:29,010 --> 00:13:33,070
Ina vipimo ya batili kwa wake
hoja, lakini matokeo yake ni kwenda

273
00:13:33,070 --> 00:13:34,540
kuwa ya n aina.

274
00:13:34,540 --> 00:13:37,260
Hivyo neno upande wa kushoto ni
kinachojulikana kurudi aina.

275
00:13:37,260 --> 00:13:40,320
neno juu ya ndani hapa ni
hoja sifuri au zaidi

276
00:13:40,320 --> 00:13:41,970
kwamba kazi inachukua.

277
00:13:41,970 --> 00:13:44,060
>> Hivyo nini mimi haja ya kufanya nini?

278
00:13:44,060 --> 00:13:47,650
Katika hatua hii kanuni yangu, line 21 ambapo
haraka blinking sasa ni, mimi

279
00:13:47,650 --> 00:13:51,430
kuwa int chanya ndani ya
ya kutofautiana kuitwa n.

280
00:13:51,430 --> 00:13:55,200
Jinsi gani mimi kuwapa nyuma kuu?

281
00:13:55,200 --> 00:13:55,960
Literally.

282
00:13:55,960 --> 00:13:59,320
Kurudi n semicolon.

283
00:13:59,320 --> 00:14:04,090
>> Hivyo tu kama Colton akarudi kipande cha
karatasi na jibu kwangu na kuacha

284
00:14:04,090 --> 00:14:07,020
kwamba kipande cha karatasi katika nyeusi kidogo
sanduku juu ya meza, kwa kufanya hivyo katika

285
00:14:07,020 --> 00:14:10,100
kanuni, wewe literally kuandika tu, kurudi
n, na ni kama kwamba walikuwa Colton

286
00:14:10,100 --> 00:14:12,140
kuwapatia mimi kitu kimwili nyuma.

287
00:14:12,140 --> 00:14:15,870
Katika kesi hiyo, kinachotokea ni kupata
int chanya ni kwenda mkono nyuma

288
00:14:15,870 --> 00:14:19,220
nini labda chanya
integer kwa nani?

289
00:14:19,220 --> 00:14:21,380
Ambapo haina thamani kwamba kuishia?

290
00:14:21,380 --> 00:14:29,080
Kwamba mwisho juu katika variable hii, n, na
kisha sisi kuendelea na line tisa.

291
00:14:29,080 --> 00:14:31,920
>> Hivyo kwa maneno mengine, katika utaratibu wa
shughuli, mpango huu kuanza

292
00:14:31,920 --> 00:14:34,430
utekelezaji, na mkusanyaji anatambua,
oh, unataka maktaba?

293
00:14:34,430 --> 00:14:36,310
Hebu kwenda kunyakua chochote ni ndani ya kwamba.

294
00:14:36,310 --> 00:14:37,750
Oh, unataka kiwango IO maktaba?

295
00:14:37,750 --> 00:14:39,660
Hebu kwenda kunyakua chochote ni ndani ya kwamba.

296
00:14:39,660 --> 00:14:44,510
Je mkusanyaji kusema yenyewe
wakati hits nne mstari?

297
00:14:44,510 --> 00:14:47,980
Oh, wewe aliahidi kutekeleza
kazi kuitwa kupata chanya, lakini

298
00:14:47,980 --> 00:14:50,820
tutaweza kupata nyuma na kwamba baadaye,
kitu pamoja na wale mistari.

299
00:14:50,820 --> 00:14:53,450
>> Int utupu kuu tu ina maana hapa ni
guts ya mpango wangu.

300
00:14:53,450 --> 00:14:54,990
Line saba ni brace curly.

301
00:14:54,990 --> 00:14:59,540
Line nane ni kusema juu ya kushoto, kutoa
mimi bits 32 kwa integer, simu yake n.

302
00:14:59,540 --> 00:15:02,160
Upande wa kulia, ni
akisema kupata int chanya.

303
00:15:02,160 --> 00:15:07,120
Sasa pause hebu kwamba hadithi kwa sababu sasa
Mimi si kusonga mshale yangu chini.

304
00:15:07,120 --> 00:15:11,720
Mshale yangu sasa inakwenda chini hapa kwa sababu
sasa kupata int chanya executes.

305
00:15:11,720 --> 00:15:13,100
N int ya kutangazwa.

306
00:15:13,100 --> 00:15:14,040
Kufanya yafuatayo.

307
00:15:14,040 --> 00:15:16,090
Printf anitiaye sifuri.

308
00:15:16,090 --> 00:15:19,740
>> Kupata int kutoka kwa mtumiaji, kuhifadhi katika n,
na labda kufanya hivyo tena na tena.

309
00:15:19,740 --> 00:15:23,010
Kitanzi Hii ina maana kwamba kanuni hii ili
nitafanya juu na chini kama hii tena

310
00:15:23,010 --> 00:15:25,810
na tena, lakini wakati mtumiaji hatimaye
inashirikiana na anitiaye chanya

311
00:15:25,810 --> 00:15:31,750
int, mimi hit line 21, ambapo kiwango
simu ni mitupu nyuma, na ambayo moja

312
00:15:31,750 --> 00:15:34,280
lazima mimi kuonyesha sasa?

313
00:15:34,280 --> 00:15:35,070
Tisa.

314
00:15:35,070 --> 00:15:39,010
Udhibiti, hivyo kusema, anarudi
kwa line tisa.

315
00:15:39,010 --> 00:15:40,650
Hiyo line kwamba sasa katika malipo.

316
00:15:40,650 --> 00:15:43,250
>> Hivyo kwamba ni ya kinachotokea kila
wakati huu chini ya Hood, lakini

317
00:15:43,250 --> 00:15:46,480
wakati tumekuwa kutumika kazi kama printf
au hata kupata kamba kwamba mtu mwingine

318
00:15:46,480 --> 00:15:50,600
aliandika kwa ajili yenu, kudhibiti mara kuwa mitupu
kanuni mbali na mtu mwingine mstari

319
00:15:50,600 --> 00:15:51,290
na mstari kwa mstari.

320
00:15:51,290 --> 00:15:53,770
Ni tu hatukuweza kuona na sisi
hakuweza kweli depict katika hii

321
00:15:53,770 --> 00:15:57,620
mpango kwa sababu ni katika baadhi ya wengine
faili kwenye gari ngumu

322
00:15:57,620 --> 00:16:00,000
unbeknownst kwetu.

323
00:16:00,000 --> 00:16:02,100
Basi hebu kweli kukusanya
na kukimbia hii sasa.

324
00:16:02,100 --> 00:16:03,890
>> Kufanya chanya.

325
00:16:03,890 --> 00:16:05,260
Kukusanya, hiyo ni maendeleo.

326
00:16:05,260 --> 00:16:06,650
. / Chanya.

327
00:16:06,650 --> 00:16:08,020
Nipe sifuri.

328
00:16:08,020 --> 00:16:08,800
Hebu kuwa vigumu.

329
00:16:08,800 --> 00:16:10,430
Hasi 1.

330
00:16:10,430 --> 00:16:11,360
Sifuri.

331
00:16:11,360 --> 00:16:13,370
Hebu kuwapa 50.

332
00:16:13,370 --> 00:16:18,100
Shukrani kwa ajili ya 50, na hivyo kudhibiti
sasa akarudi.

333
00:16:18,100 --> 00:16:21,750
Maswali yoyote, basi, juu ya hilo?

334
00:16:21,750 --> 00:16:23,180
Yeah?

335
00:16:23,180 --> 00:16:25,630
>> [Inaudible].

336
00:16:25,630 --> 00:16:26,130
>> Kusema tena.

337
00:16:26,130 --> 00:16:27,860
Oh, nzuri swali.

338
00:16:27,860 --> 00:16:31,100
Hivyo unaweza taarifa sambamba hapa kwamba
Mimi nina aina ya kukata kona juu.

339
00:16:31,100 --> 00:16:35,420
Katika mstari wa 12, mimi kusema, kupata int chanya
anarudi int, lakini kwa huo

340
00:16:35,420 --> 00:16:39,660
mantiki, sasa anasimama kwa kufikiri kwamba katika
line sita, mimi kusema kwamba kuu anarudi

341
00:16:39,660 --> 00:16:44,040
int, lakini tuna nini sisi kamwe
alikuwa katika mojawapo ya mipango yetu?

342
00:16:44,040 --> 00:16:46,470
Tumekuwa kamwe alikuwa kutaja ya
hii muhimu neno kurudi.

343
00:16:46,470 --> 00:16:49,970
>> Hivyo zinageuka kuwa katika C, angalau
version ya hiyo kwamba sisi ni kutumia

344
00:16:49,970 --> 00:16:55,750
kufanywa katika 1999, kitaalam, hii ni
yanatokea kwa wewe moja kwa moja.

345
00:16:55,750 --> 00:16:59,300
Wowote kutekeleza mpango na wewe
kutekeleza kazi kuitwa kuu,

346
00:16:59,300 --> 00:17:04,230
kwamba kazi ya kurudi sifuri na
default kama huna kusema vinginevyo,

347
00:17:04,230 --> 00:17:05,849
na sifuri ni mkataba.

348
00:17:05,849 --> 00:17:09,430
ulimwengu anarudi sifuri hivyo
kuonyesha kwamba wote ni vizuri,

349
00:17:09,430 --> 00:17:13,040
ufanisi na kuacha yetu na bilioni nne
inawezekana mambo ambayo inaweza kwenda

350
00:17:13,040 --> 00:17:17,530
hivyo vibaya kwamba kama sisi kurudi moja, kwamba
wapate yanamaanisha kificho kwamba maana hii

351
00:17:17,530 --> 00:17:18,310
Jambo potoka.

352
00:17:18,310 --> 00:17:20,589
Tungeweza kurudi mbili, ambayo ina maana ya
jambo hili nyingine potoka.

353
00:17:20,589 --> 00:17:23,440
Tungeweza kurudi bilioni nne, ambayo
maana jambo hili nyingine potoka.

354
00:17:23,440 --> 00:17:27,170
>> Na kama wewe sasa kufikiri juu yako mwenyewe
PC au Mac, unaweza kukumbuka kuwa

355
00:17:27,170 --> 00:17:29,610
wakati mwingine wewe kupata ujumbe wa makosa cryptic
kutoka programu ya kwamba wewe ni

356
00:17:29,610 --> 00:17:32,650
kutumia, na wakati mwingine ina binadamu
kirafiki maelezo, lakini kuna

357
00:17:32,650 --> 00:17:35,265
mara nyingi kanuni au idadi
kwenye screen?

358
00:17:35,265 --> 00:17:37,800
Kama hii haina kuja akili,
tu kuweka jicho nje kwa ajili yake.

359
00:17:37,800 --> 00:17:40,790
Hiyo ni kawaida nini hawa
namba ni akimaanisha.

360
00:17:40,790 --> 00:17:44,200
Wao ni pamoja na katika Microsoft Word na
programu nyingine ili kwamba kama wewe faili

361
00:17:44,200 --> 00:17:48,850
mdudu ripoti na kampuni, unaweza
kuwaambia, oh, I got makosa ya simu 45.

362
00:17:48,850 --> 00:17:51,750
Na baadhi ya nyuma programu katika kampuni
wanaweza kuangalia kuwa hadi katika yake

363
00:17:51,750 --> 00:17:54,940
kanuni na kusema, oh, hiyo ni kwa sababu mimi alifanya
hii mdudu na kwamba sababu ya mtumiaji

364
00:17:54,940 --> 00:17:56,240
got ujumbe huu.

365
00:17:56,240 --> 00:17:59,490
>> Lakini kusema ukweli, ni kidogo tu
bughudha na tedious kidogo

366
00:17:59,490 --> 00:18:02,130
kuhitimisha kwamba, angalau juu yetu
michache ya kwanza ya mipango, hivyo tumekuwa

367
00:18:02,130 --> 00:18:02,970
wamekuwa omitting yake.

368
00:18:02,970 --> 00:18:07,450
Lakini wakati huu wote kila mmoja wenu
kazi kuu ina siri alikuwa na haya ya

369
00:18:07,450 --> 00:18:11,600
line moja kwa moja aliongeza kwa ajili yenu na
mkusanyaji, tu na mkataba wa

370
00:18:11,600 --> 00:18:13,172
kuokoa baadhi ya wakati.

371
00:18:13,172 --> 00:18:14,620
>> [Inaudible].

372
00:18:14,620 --> 00:18:16,250
>> Huna haja kwa pamoja katika kuu.

373
00:18:16,250 --> 00:18:16,700
Hiyo ni sawa.

374
00:18:16,700 --> 00:18:20,260
Huna haja ya pamoja ni kama walikuwa
utekelezaji wa kazi kama hii.

375
00:18:20,260 --> 00:18:22,850
Vinginevyo gorofa kazi
nje bila kazi.

376
00:18:22,850 --> 00:18:24,480
Lakini katika kuu, siyo lazima.

377
00:18:24,480 --> 00:18:28,450
Katika wiki moja au mbili, tutaweza kuanza kupata
katika tabia kwamba mara tunataka kuanza

378
00:18:28,450 --> 00:18:29,690
akionyesha makosa.

379
00:18:29,690 --> 00:18:32,550
Nzuri kwa kweli swali.

380
00:18:32,550 --> 00:18:36,880
>> Hivyo haraka matusi mapumziko kutaja kwamba
Ijumaa hii, sisi si kuwa baada ya chakula cha mchana

381
00:18:36,880 --> 00:18:39,980
per se, lakini tutaweza kuwa baada ya chakula cha jioni na
baadhi ya wanafunzi na wafanyakazi.

382
00:18:39,980 --> 00:18:42,940
Kama Ningependa kujiunga na sisi, kujisikia
bure kwenda cs50.net/rsvp.

383
00:18:42,940 --> 00:18:45,030
6:00 Ijumaa hii.

384
00:18:45,030 --> 00:18:47,990
Nafasi ni, kama siku zote, mdogo, lakini tutaweza
kuendelea kufanya haya juu ya karibu

385
00:18:47,990 --> 00:18:51,420
kila wiki msingi kama nafasi
anaendesha nje wiki hii.

386
00:18:51,420 --> 00:18:56,160
>> Hivyo cliffhanger kwamba sisi kushoto mbali juu ya
Jumatatu ilikuwa kwamba masharti unaweza kweli

387
00:18:56,160 --> 00:19:00,520
kuwa indexed ndani, ambayo ina maana wewe
unaweza kupata katika tabia ya kwanza,

388
00:19:00,520 --> 00:19:03,770
pili tabia, tabia ya tatu
na kadhalika, kwa sababu unaweza

389
00:19:03,770 --> 00:19:07,860
ufanisi kufikiri wa kamba, kama
hello, kama kuwa katika kesi hii tano

390
00:19:07,860 --> 00:19:09,670
barua ndani ya masanduku.

391
00:19:09,670 --> 00:19:13,370
Na unaweza kupata katika kila moja ya hizo
masanduku na kile syntax hatukufanya

392
00:19:13,370 --> 00:19:15,230
kuanzisha Jumatatu?

393
00:19:15,230 --> 00:19:16,760
Wale mabano mraba
kwenye keyboard yako.

394
00:19:16,760 --> 00:19:18,980
Kwamba tu maana ya kwenda mahali sifuri.

395
00:19:18,980 --> 00:19:22,840
>> Sisi kuanza kuhesabu saa sifuri, hivyo bracket
sifuri kunaashiria h, bracket moja

396
00:19:22,840 --> 00:19:25,170
kunaashiria e, na kadhalika.

397
00:19:25,170 --> 00:19:28,490
Na hivyo wakati wote wakati tumekuwa
kutumia masharti na kuandika katika "hello"

398
00:19:28,490 --> 00:19:31,250
na "dunia" na mambo mengine katika
screen, imekuwa ni kuhifadhiwa

399
00:19:31,250 --> 00:19:32,820
katika masanduku kama hii.

400
00:19:32,820 --> 00:19:33,370
Na kuchukua nadhani.

401
00:19:33,370 --> 00:19:37,470
Nini kila sanduku kuwakilisha kimwili
ndani ya kompyuta yako?

402
00:19:37,470 --> 00:19:38,250
>> [Inaudible].

403
00:19:38,250 --> 00:19:39,150
>> Pole?

404
00:19:39,150 --> 00:19:39,580
>> Wahusika.

405
00:19:39,580 --> 00:19:44,760
>> Hivyo tabia, hakika katika kesi
ya masharti, na tabia ni tu

406
00:19:44,760 --> 00:19:46,800
nane bits au mmoja Byte.

407
00:19:46,800 --> 00:19:49,550
Hivyo pengine ni angalau bila kufafanua
ukoo na ukweli kwamba yako

408
00:19:49,550 --> 00:19:50,500
kompyuta ina kumbukumbu.

409
00:19:50,500 --> 00:19:52,110
Ina aina mbili za kumbukumbu angalau.

410
00:19:52,110 --> 00:19:54,810
Moja ni disk ngumu ambapo wewe ila
mambo ya kudumu, na kwamba

411
00:19:54,810 --> 00:19:57,400
kawaida kubwa hivyo unaweza kuwa na sinema
na muziki na kadhalika.

412
00:19:57,400 --> 00:20:04,010
>> Basi una aina nyingine ya kumbukumbu
kuitwa RAM, R-A-M, Random Access

413
00:20:04,010 --> 00:20:07,510
Kumbukumbu, na hii ni aina ya kumbukumbu
kuwa ni kutumika wakati kompyuta yako ni

414
00:20:07,510 --> 00:20:11,520
mbio lakini kama wewe kupoteza nguvu au yako
betri akifa, kitu ambayo imehifadhiwa

415
00:20:11,520 --> 00:20:15,300
katika RAM kutoweka kama kupoteza nguvu
kabisa kwa sababu si

416
00:20:15,300 --> 00:20:16,060
kuendelea.

417
00:20:16,060 --> 00:20:19,120
Wewe kawaida kuwa, siku hizi,
GIG yake, wawili gigs, labda zaidi.

418
00:20:19,120 --> 00:20:23,490
Na kichwa cha RAM ni kwamba ni kiasi gani
sana, kwa kasi zaidi kuliko disks ngumu

419
00:20:23,490 --> 00:20:27,390
au hata hali imara anatoa siku hizi,
lakini ni kawaida ghali zaidi ili

420
00:20:27,390 --> 00:20:28,480
una chini ya hiyo.

421
00:20:28,480 --> 00:20:32,400
>> Hivyo mazungumzo ya leo kweli inahusu
na RAM, kwamba aina ya kumbukumbu kwamba

422
00:20:32,400 --> 00:20:35,270
ipo tu wakati kuna nguvu
kuwa kulishwa ndani ya kompyuta yako.

423
00:20:35,270 --> 00:20:40,530
Hivyo wakati wewe aina katika H-E-L-L-O, Kuingia kwenye
keyboard, H ni kwenda katika moja

424
00:20:40,530 --> 00:20:44,550
Byte ya RAM, E ni kwenda katika
mwingine Byte ya RAM, kama ni

425
00:20:44,550 --> 00:20:45,800
mapumziko ya neno.

426
00:20:45,800 --> 00:20:49,010
Hivyo kukumbuka kile tulikuwa na uwezo
kufanya mara ya mwisho ilikuwa hii.

427
00:20:49,010 --> 00:20:53,940
Hebu kwenda mbele na kufungua faili
kwamba sisi kuitwa string.c, na kukumbuka

428
00:20:53,940 --> 00:20:56,860
kwamba inaonekana kidogo
kitu kama hiki.

429
00:20:56,860 --> 00:20:59,860
Hebu kweli unaendelea nyuma na kubadili
ni nini hasa ilikuwa inaonekana kama,

430
00:20:59,860 --> 00:21:02,654
urefu wa kamba s.

431
00:21:02,654 --> 00:21:04,560
>> Hivyo kuangalia mpango hapa.

432
00:21:04,560 --> 00:21:08,530
Sisi ni pamoja na maktaba CS50 hivyo
kwamba tunaweza kutumia kupata kamba.

433
00:21:08,530 --> 00:21:11,400
Sisi ni pamoja io.h kiwango
ili tuweze kutumia printf.

434
00:21:11,400 --> 00:21:13,580
Kwa nini sisi ni pamoja string.h?

435
00:21:13,580 --> 00:21:16,980
Hii ilikuwa mpya juu ya Jumatatu.

436
00:21:16,980 --> 00:21:18,230
Basi tulitaka kamba urefu.

437
00:21:18,230 --> 00:21:19,090
Str leng.

438
00:21:19,090 --> 00:21:21,470
Watu aliamua miaka iliyopita,
hebu tu kuwa succinct.

439
00:21:21,470 --> 00:21:24,290
Badala ya kuiita "string urefu,"
hebu kuiita "str leng" na basi

440
00:21:24,290 --> 00:21:28,540
dunia kwamba takwimu nje, na hivyo kwamba ni
nini sisi kupata na string.h.

441
00:21:28,540 --> 00:21:29,390
>> Hii ni ukoo.

442
00:21:29,390 --> 00:21:30,320
Hii ni ukoo.

443
00:21:30,320 --> 00:21:31,450
Hii ni ukoo.

444
00:21:31,450 --> 00:21:32,370
Hii ni kidogo mpya.

445
00:21:32,370 --> 00:21:35,420
Katika mstari wa 22 - na tutaweza kurudi
na hii, lakini kwa sasa najua -

446
00:21:35,420 --> 00:21:37,880
na wewe tu kujua hii kutokana na kuwa na
kusoma nyaraka au kama

447
00:21:37,880 --> 00:21:39,010
wewe alijua C tayari -

448
00:21:39,010 --> 00:21:41,510
kupata kamba wakati mwingine unaweza screw up.

449
00:21:41,510 --> 00:21:45,130
Kama mtumiaji ni kweli ushindani au
uncooperative na yeye tu

450
00:21:45,130 --> 00:21:49,450
haina aina kitu katika keyboard au
aina sana katika keyboard kwamba

451
00:21:49,450 --> 00:21:53,760
ni overwhelms kumbukumbu ya kompyuta,
katika nadharia, kupata kamba inaweza kurudi

452
00:21:53,760 --> 00:21:56,270
kitu kingine zaidi ya
kamba ya wahusika.

453
00:21:56,270 --> 00:22:01,930
Ni inaweza kurudi thamani maalum iitwayo
NULL katika mechi zote, N-U-L-L, na hii ni

454
00:22:01,930 --> 00:22:03,390
tu kinachojulikana sentinel thamani.

455
00:22:03,390 --> 00:22:08,010
Ni thamani maalum kwamba kunaashiria
kitu mbaya kilichotokea katika kesi hii.

456
00:22:08,010 --> 00:22:10,520
Ni kukosekana kwa kamba.

457
00:22:10,520 --> 00:22:16,190
>> Hivyo null mimi nina kuangalia kwa tu hivyo kwamba,
muda mrefu hadithi fupi, na str leng

458
00:22:16,190 --> 00:22:20,230
majukumu mengine kwamba kuja na C, kama
wanatarajia kamba lakini wewe kupita yao

459
00:22:20,230 --> 00:22:23,630
kukosekana kwa kamba, kama wewe kupita
yao null, kompyuta au mpango

460
00:22:23,630 --> 00:22:25,000
tu ajali ya wazi.

461
00:22:25,000 --> 00:22:25,610
Itakuwa hutegemea.

462
00:22:25,610 --> 00:22:27,250
Itakuwa kutupa juu ya baadhi ya ujumbe wa kosa.

463
00:22:27,250 --> 00:22:28,690
Mambo mabaya kutokea.

464
00:22:28,690 --> 00:22:31,130
Hivyo hata kama hii bado ni
si vizuri defined -

465
00:22:31,130 --> 00:22:33,730
hii kufanya maana zaidi katika wiki au
mbili - katika mstari 22, hii ni

466
00:22:33,730 --> 00:22:38,790
mfano wa kuangalia binafsi kujihami kosa
tu katika kesi moja wakati nje ya

467
00:22:38,790 --> 00:22:42,040
milioni kitu kitaenda vibaya, saa
angalau mpango wangu si kukwama.

468
00:22:42,040 --> 00:22:45,960
>> Hivyo kama s haina sawa na kitu mbaya,
Nina hii kwa kitanzi, na hii ilikuwa

469
00:22:45,960 --> 00:22:47,710
ambapo tulikuwa na kwamba wengine
mpya kipande cha syntax.

470
00:22:47,710 --> 00:22:51,580
Nina kwa kitanzi iterating kutoka
sifuri juu hadi urefu wa s.

471
00:22:51,580 --> 00:22:56,140
Na kisha hapa, mimi nilikuwa nje ya uchapishaji s
bracket i, lakini kwa nini mimi kutumia% c yote ya

472
00:22:56,140 --> 00:23:00,770
ghafla badala ya% s hata
ingawa s ni kamba?

473
00:23:00,770 --> 00:23:02,110
Ni tabia, haki?

474
00:23:02,110 --> 00:23:06,560
S ni kamba, lakini s kitu bracket,
s mabano i ambapo i ni sifuri

475
00:23:06,560 --> 00:23:10,380
au moja au mbili, kwamba ni mtu binafsi
tabia katika kamba, na hivyo kwa

476
00:23:10,380 --> 00:23:14,970
kwamba, printf anahitaji kuwa na taarifa kwamba
ni kweli tabia ya kutarajia.

477
00:23:14,970 --> 00:23:18,096
>> Na kisha kukumbuka, nini hii
mpango wa kweli kufanya?

478
00:23:18,096 --> 00:23:19,848
>> Kuchapishwa nje katika nguzo.

479
00:23:19,848 --> 00:23:21,120
>> Yeah, hasa.

480
00:23:21,120 --> 00:23:24,990
Ni tu kuchapishwa neno kwamba mimi aina katika
safu, tabia moja kwa kila mstari.

481
00:23:24,990 --> 00:23:26,190
Basi hebu angalia hii tena.

482
00:23:26,190 --> 00:23:27,810
Hivyo kufanya kamba.

483
00:23:27,810 --> 00:23:30,200
Imekusanywa OK. . / Kamba.

484
00:23:30,200 --> 00:23:35,560
Hebu aina katika H-E-L-L-O, Ingieni, na
kweli mimi kupata, moja kwa kila mstari.

485
00:23:35,560 --> 00:23:37,280
>> Hivyo basi mimi kufanya moja optimization hapa.

486
00:23:37,280 --> 00:23:40,240
Kama unafikiri kuhusu hilo, hasa kama
umefanya iliyowekwa mbele, kuna

487
00:23:40,240 --> 00:23:43,340
arguably uzembe katika mstari 24.

488
00:23:43,340 --> 00:23:46,160
Kwa maneno mengine, siyo lazima
kubuni bora.

489
00:23:46,160 --> 00:23:50,200
Moja kwa moja, angalau mara moja
kukumbuka kile str leng ni, lakini ni

490
00:23:50,200 --> 00:23:52,640
kufanya kitu bubu uwezekano.

491
00:23:52,640 --> 00:23:54,863
Nini kinaweza kuwa ni nani?

492
00:23:54,863 --> 00:23:56,280
>> [Inaudible].

493
00:23:56,280 --> 00:23:56,800
>> Hasa.

494
00:23:56,800 --> 00:24:00,340
Ni kuangalia kwa urefu wa s
kila wakati hata kama

495
00:24:00,340 --> 00:24:02,980
H-E-L-L-O daima kwenda
kuwa tano wahusika.

496
00:24:02,980 --> 00:24:05,490
Kila wakati kwa njia ya kitanzi hii,
tano si kubadilisha.

497
00:24:05,490 --> 00:24:08,750
Nipate incrementing i, lakini kile
ni urefu wa s juu ya kila

498
00:24:08,750 --> 00:24:09,690
iteration ya kitanzi hii?

499
00:24:09,690 --> 00:24:15,810
Ni tano, ni tano, ni tano, na
lakini hata hivyo mimi kuuliza hii

500
00:24:15,810 --> 00:24:18,320
swali tena na tena na tena.

501
00:24:18,320 --> 00:24:20,750
Sasa kusema ukweli, kompyuta ni hivyo damn
haraka, hakuna mtu kwenda taarifa

502
00:24:20,750 --> 00:24:23,780
tofauti katika kesi hii, lakini aina hii
ya maskini kubuni maamuzi unaweza

503
00:24:23,780 --> 00:24:28,330
kuanza na kuongeza hadi kama mkusanyaji yenyewe
haina kujaribu kurekebisha hii kwa ajili yenu ambayo

504
00:24:28,330 --> 00:24:30,630
ni kawaida hakutaka, saa
angalau katika appliance.

505
00:24:30,630 --> 00:24:31,540
>> Hivyo nina kwenda kufanya hili.

506
00:24:31,540 --> 00:24:34,580
Mimi nina kwenda kuongeza koma baada ya
kutofautiana yangu ya kwanza, i.

507
00:24:34,580 --> 00:24:37,310
Mimi naenda kutoa mwenyewe mwingine
kutofautiana, wito ni n, tu kwa

508
00:24:37,310 --> 00:24:41,330
mkataba kwa idadi, na kisha mimi nina
kwenda hawawajui n thamani ya kamba

509
00:24:41,330 --> 00:24:42,530
urefu wa s.

510
00:24:42,530 --> 00:24:46,060
Na basi mimi nina kwenda na mabadiliko ya
hali yangu kwa kuwa na nini?

511
00:24:46,060 --> 00:24:51,960
Mimi nina kwenda na mabadiliko ya hali yangu
kwa wakati i ni chini ya n.

512
00:24:51,960 --> 00:24:55,700
>> Hivyo sasa, mara ngapi mimi
kuangalia urefu wa s?

513
00:24:55,700 --> 00:25:00,110
Mara moja, lakini ni sawa na kuangalia i dhidi ya
n tena na tena kwa sababu sasa wale

514
00:25:00,110 --> 00:25:03,170
maadili ni kweli si kubadilisha.

515
00:25:03,170 --> 00:25:06,020
Sasa kwa ajili ya sasa, tu kujua kwamba wakati wowote
piga kazi, kuna kidogo ya

516
00:25:06,020 --> 00:25:09,930
Rudia, haitoshi kwa tamaa wewe
kweli kutoka milele kutumia kazi, lakini

517
00:25:09,930 --> 00:25:12,750
hakika wakati kuna mstari wa kanuni
kama kwamba - na mistari ya kupata

518
00:25:12,750 --> 00:25:15,490
kuvutia zaidi kabla ya muda mrefu - ambapo
kuna nafasi ya kufikiri, kama mimi

519
00:25:15,490 --> 00:25:18,320
aina hii ya kanuni, wangapi
mara itakuwa ni kutekeleza?

520
00:25:18,320 --> 00:25:20,950
Itabidi kuanza kuona baada ya muda
utendaji wa programu yako unaweza

521
00:25:20,950 --> 00:25:21,660
Hakika mabadiliko.

522
00:25:21,660 --> 00:25:24,110
>> Kwa kweli, moja ya tatizo seti tumekuwa
kufanyika katika kipindi cha miaka inahusisha

523
00:25:24,110 --> 00:25:27,600
kutekeleza, kama unaweza kukumbuka kutoka
wiki sifuri, kusahihisha Spell, lakini

524
00:25:27,600 --> 00:25:31,380
Spell kusahihisha hiyo iliyoundwa na kusaidia
kamusi ya 150,000 pamoja na

525
00:25:31,380 --> 00:25:32,860
maneno kwamba sisi kukupa guys.

526
00:25:32,860 --> 00:25:37,100
Wewe ingekuwa kuandika kificho kwamba mizigo
maneno hayo ndani ya RAM, hivyo katika

527
00:25:37,100 --> 00:25:40,700
masanduku kama tuliona juu ya screen wakati
iliyopita, na kisha kwa haraka iwezekanavyo

528
00:25:40,700 --> 00:25:43,740
unaweza, unahitaji kuwa na uwezo wa kujibu
swali la fomu, ni neno hili

529
00:25:43,740 --> 00:25:44,280
misspelled?

530
00:25:44,280 --> 00:25:45,420
Ni neno hili misspelled?

531
00:25:45,420 --> 00:25:46,770
Ni neno hili misspelled?

532
00:25:46,770 --> 00:25:49,525
>> Na katika kitu kama kwamba kile tumekuwa
kufanyika katika kipindi cha miaka ni akageuka ndani,

533
00:25:49,525 --> 00:25:53,500
angalau kwa opt-katika misingi ya hiari,
ushindani wa kila aina, ambapo

534
00:25:53,500 --> 00:25:59,470
wanafunzi ambao kutumia RAM chini na chini
muda, wachache CPU mizunguko, kuishia

535
00:25:59,470 --> 00:26:02,640
bubbling hadi juu ya kidogo
kiongozi wa bodi au cheo kwamba sisi kuweka kwenye

536
00:26:02,640 --> 00:26:04,770
Mzee bila shaka ya kama tumekuwa
kufanyika katika miaka ya nyuma.

537
00:26:04,770 --> 00:26:08,100
Hivyo tena, kabisa hiari, lakini hii
anaongea na fursa ya kubuni

538
00:26:08,100 --> 00:26:11,250
kwamba ni mbele kwa mara sisi kuanza
kujenga atop baadhi ya haya

539
00:26:11,250 --> 00:26:14,010
msingi ujenzi wa vitalu.

540
00:26:14,010 --> 00:26:16,780
>> Hivyo basi mimi kwenda nyuma ya mchoro huu kwa
muda tu na yatangaza kidogo

541
00:26:16,780 --> 00:26:17,610
kitu zaidi.

542
00:26:17,610 --> 00:26:21,400
Kweli hii ni kamba, na tumekuwa kuchukuliwa
faida ya maktaba chache,

543
00:26:21,400 --> 00:26:25,150
kiwango io.h ambayo ina -

544
00:26:25,150 --> 00:26:26,110
>> Printf.

545
00:26:26,110 --> 00:26:27,860
>> Printf, miongoni mwa mambo mengine.

546
00:26:27,860 --> 00:26:31,540
cs50.h, ambayo ina kupata int na kupata kamba
na kadhalika, string.h, ambayo

547
00:26:31,540 --> 00:26:32,570
alikuwa str leng.

548
00:26:32,570 --> 00:26:34,800
Lakini zinageuka kuna jingine.

549
00:26:34,800 --> 00:26:38,540
Kusema ukweli, kuna kura na kura ya header
files kwamba kutangaza kazi

550
00:26:38,540 --> 00:26:43,320
kwa ajili ya maktaba, lakini hii ni ctype.h
kweli kwenda kuwa fulani

551
00:26:43,320 --> 00:26:46,900
faida kwa sababu mimi naenda
kwa kwenda mbele na kutekeleza moja

552
00:26:46,900 --> 00:26:48,120
nyingine ya mpango hapa.

553
00:26:48,120 --> 00:26:52,420
>> Hebu kwenda mbele na kufungua kitu
Mimi aliandika mapema kuitwa

554
00:26:52,420 --> 00:26:55,750
capitalize.c, na hebu kuchukua
kuangalia jinsi hii matendo.

555
00:26:55,750 --> 00:27:00,340
Taarifa kwamba mimi nina kutumia, katika toleo hili
ya hayo, tatu ukoo files.

556
00:27:00,340 --> 00:27:04,110
Taarifa kwamba katika mstari 18, mimi nina
kupata mstari wa maandishi.

557
00:27:04,110 --> 00:27:07,660
Ilani katika mstari 21, mimi nina wakidai kwamba
kanuni zifuatazo ni kwenda

558
00:27:07,660 --> 00:27:12,170
capitalize s, chochote mtumiaji typed
katika, na jinsi mimi kufanya hivyo?

559
00:27:12,170 --> 00:27:13,300
Naam, mimi nina kuchukua -

560
00:27:13,300 --> 00:27:14,750
somo la kujifunza kutoka wakati wa mwisho -

561
00:27:14,750 --> 00:27:18,370
Mimi kutangaza i na n na iterating
juu ya wahusika katika kamba.

562
00:27:18,370 --> 00:27:22,720
Na kisha ni nini hii block ya
kanuni ya 24 kupitia katika mstari 27

563
00:27:22,720 --> 00:27:24,550
kufanya katika suala layman?

564
00:27:24,550 --> 00:27:27,766

565
00:27:27,766 --> 00:27:29,730
>> Herufi za chini ya mbili nyuma.

566
00:27:29,730 --> 00:27:30,430
>> Hasa.

567
00:27:30,430 --> 00:27:35,920
Kama s mabano i - hivyo kama i-th
tabia ya s, ambayo ni mahususi

568
00:27:35,920 --> 00:27:40,220
Char katika kamba, ni mkubwa kuliko
au sawa na Herufi za chini na -

569
00:27:40,220 --> 00:27:42,670
kukumbuka kuwa Ampersand mara mbili
tumeni na -

570
00:27:42,670 --> 00:27:46,810
na tabia hiyo, s mabano i, ni
kidogo kuliko au sawa na Herufi za chini z,

571
00:27:46,810 --> 00:27:50,600
kwamba maana yake ni b au au au c
nukta nukta nukta au z, ambayo ina maana

572
00:27:50,600 --> 00:27:51,340
ni lowercase.

573
00:27:51,340 --> 00:27:52,900
Nini nataka kufanya katika kesi hiyo?

574
00:27:52,900 --> 00:27:55,010
Naam, siwezi kufanya hivyo kwa kiasi fulani
isiyoeleweka kirahisi, lakini

575
00:27:55,010 --> 00:27:56,160
hebu tease hii mbali.

576
00:27:56,160 --> 00:28:00,210
>> Mimi naenda kuwaita printf, prints% c
sababu nataka kikachapishwa hii

577
00:28:00,210 --> 00:28:01,580
tabia kwenye screen.

578
00:28:01,580 --> 00:28:06,650
Mimi kisha kwenda kuchukua s mabano i,
i-th katika tabia, na kwa nini basi

579
00:28:06,650 --> 00:28:12,330
Mimi kufanya hila hii kidogo hapa,
Herufi za chini bala mji mkuu wa A?

580
00:28:12,330 --> 00:28:16,352
Kile ni kwamba kwenda kutoa
mimi, kwa ujumla kuzungumza?

581
00:28:16,352 --> 00:28:18,600
>> [Inaudible].

582
00:28:18,600 --> 00:28:19,390
>> Hasa.

583
00:28:19,390 --> 00:28:20,860
Mimi si kweli kukumbuka -

584
00:28:20,860 --> 00:28:24,390
ilikuwa ni 65 kwa ajili ya mji mkuu wa A. mimi si kweli
kukumbuka kile Herufi za chini ni,

585
00:28:24,390 --> 00:28:25,540
lakini hakuna jambo.

586
00:28:25,540 --> 00:28:26,580
kompyuta anajua.

587
00:28:26,580 --> 00:28:30,380
Hivyo kwa kusema, Herufi za chini bala
mji mkuu wa A, ni weird kuwa

588
00:28:30,380 --> 00:28:33,530
subtracting moja Char kutoka mwingine, lakini
kile ni chars chini ya Hood?

589
00:28:33,530 --> 00:28:34,520
Wao ni idadi tu.

590
00:28:34,520 --> 00:28:36,980
Hivyo chochote wale idadi ni,
basi kompyuta kumbuka ni

591
00:28:36,980 --> 00:28:38,240
kuliko mimi binadamu.

592
00:28:38,240 --> 00:28:41,710
>> Herufi za chini hivyo mji mkuu bala ni
anaenda kunipa tofauti.

593
00:28:41,710 --> 00:28:45,370
Hutokea kwa kuwa 32, na kwamba itakuwa
kesi kwa b lowercase na mji mkuu wa B

594
00:28:45,370 --> 00:28:45,930
na kadhalika.

595
00:28:45,930 --> 00:28:47,710
Anakaa thabiti, nashiriki.

596
00:28:47,710 --> 00:28:51,930
Hivyo mimi nina kimsingi akisema, kuchukua
Herufi za chini ya mbili, Ondoa mbali kwamba

597
00:28:51,930 --> 00:28:55,340
kiwango tofauti, na kwamba
bracket ufanisi mabadiliko s i kutoka

598
00:28:55,340 --> 00:28:59,400
Herufi za chini, bila shaka, uppercase,
bila wangu kweli ya kuwa na kufikiri

599
00:28:59,400 --> 00:29:03,040
kuhusu au kumbuka, nini walikuwa wale
idadi kuongelea wakati nane

600
00:29:03,040 --> 00:29:04,800
kujitolea alikuja juu ya hatua?

601
00:29:04,800 --> 00:29:08,800
Sasa wakati huo huo, katika mwingine, kama si
barua lowercase kama ilivyopangwa

602
00:29:08,800 --> 00:29:10,400
na mstari wa 24, magazeti ya nje tu.

603
00:29:10,400 --> 00:29:12,590
Mimi nataka tu kugusa
wahusika kuwa walikuwa

604
00:29:12,590 --> 00:29:14,410
kweli awali Herufi za chini.

605
00:29:14,410 --> 00:29:15,150
>> Basi hebu angalia hii.

606
00:29:15,150 --> 00:29:17,400
Kufanya capitalize.

607
00:29:17,400 --> 00:29:18,470
Imekusanywa, OK.

608
00:29:18,470 --> 00:29:19,730
. / Capitalize.

609
00:29:19,730 --> 00:29:23,530
Na napenda aina katika H-E-L-L-O
katika lowercase, kuingia.

610
00:29:23,530 --> 00:29:26,370
Na taarifa kwamba ni waongofu
katika herufi kubwa.

611
00:29:26,370 --> 00:29:27,940
Basi mimi kufanya hili tena na
neno tofauti.

612
00:29:27,940 --> 00:29:32,720
Vipi kuhusu D-A-V-I-D na D ya kwanza
mtaji kama jina kawaida ni?

613
00:29:32,720 --> 00:29:33,560
Kuingia.

614
00:29:33,560 --> 00:29:34,870
Taarifa bado ni sahihi.

615
00:29:34,870 --> 00:29:40,250
Ni tu outputted kwamba kwanza D bila kubadilika
kupitia kwamba mwingine kujenga.

616
00:29:40,250 --> 00:29:42,170
>> Hivyo kuendelea katika akili, basi,
michache ya mambo hapa.

617
00:29:42,170 --> 00:29:45,060
Moja, kama wewe milele unataka kuangalia mbili
hali ya mara moja, unaweza na wao

618
00:29:45,060 --> 00:29:46,500
pamoja kama sisi alitabiri.

619
00:29:46,500 --> 00:29:49,900
Unaweza kulinganisha wahusika kwa njia hii
na ufanisi kutibu wahusika kama

620
00:29:49,900 --> 00:29:53,050
idadi, lakini kusema ukweli, hii ni hivyo damn
cryptic Mimi kamwe kwenda kukumbuka

621
00:29:53,050 --> 00:29:56,510
jinsi ya kuja na hii kutoka mwanzo
bila sababu kwa njia hiyo kwa kabisa

622
00:29:56,510 --> 00:29:57,140
muda kidogo.

623
00:29:57,140 --> 00:30:00,590
>> Je, si ni kuwa nzuri kama mtu
huko nje aliandika kazi kuitwa ni

624
00:30:00,590 --> 00:30:05,390
kupunguza kwamba anaweza kujibu kwa ajili yangu kweli au
uongo, tabia hii ni lowercase?

625
00:30:05,390 --> 00:30:09,350
Vizuri nashiriki, mtu aliandika
ctype.h alifanya hasa kwamba.

626
00:30:09,350 --> 00:30:15,540
Hebu kwenda hapa na kuongeza ctype kwa c
aina, na sasa napenda kwenda chini hapa na

627
00:30:15,540 --> 00:30:18,820
rewrite mstari huu kama ifuatavyo.

628
00:30:18,820 --> 00:30:27,510
>> Hivyo kama ni kuitwa ni ya chini, mimi kudai, s
bracket i, basi mimi naenda kufuta

629
00:30:27,510 --> 00:30:29,400
hizi mistari mbili kabisa.

630
00:30:29,400 --> 00:30:32,570
Hivyo sasa mtu mwingine, nina matumaini, aliandika
kazi kuitwa ni ya chini, na ni

631
00:30:32,570 --> 00:30:36,250
zamu nje walivyofanya na wao alitangaza
ni ndani ya ctype.h.

632
00:30:36,250 --> 00:30:39,480
Na sasa mimi naenda kuondoka mstari 27
peke yake, mimi naenda kuondoka mstari 31

633
00:30:39,480 --> 00:30:41,890
peke yake, lakini taarifa jinsi gani mimi wameweza
minskat juu ya kanuni yangu.

634
00:30:41,890 --> 00:30:42,690
Ni sasa safi.

635
00:30:42,690 --> 00:30:47,250
Ni chini vigumu kuangalia njia
kwa sababu sasa kazi, zaidi ya hayo, ni

636
00:30:47,250 --> 00:30:50,080
hivyo ajabu aitwaye tu
anafanya nini anasema.

637
00:30:50,080 --> 00:30:51,520
>> Hivyo sasa mimi naenda kuokoa hii.

638
00:30:51,520 --> 00:30:52,930
Mimi nina kwenda kuvuta nje.

639
00:30:52,930 --> 00:30:56,650
Na kama katika Scratch unaweza kuwa na
Booleans, Boolean maadili kweli au

640
00:30:56,650 --> 00:31:01,530
uongo, kwamba ni nini hasa ni
kupunguza mapato kwa ufanisi.

641
00:31:01,530 --> 00:31:02,960
Hebu recompile.

642
00:31:02,960 --> 00:31:04,500
Hebu re-run.

643
00:31:04,500 --> 00:31:07,350
Na sasa hebu jaribu tena,
H-E-L-L-O, kuingia.

644
00:31:07,350 --> 00:31:07,970
Hiyo ni nzuri sana.

645
00:31:07,970 --> 00:31:10,150
Na kujaribu tena, kuhakikisha mimi
hakuwa parafujo kitu juu.

646
00:31:10,150 --> 00:31:11,670
Kwamba ni mtaji vilevile.

647
00:31:11,670 --> 00:31:14,190
>> Lakini hii si nzuri ya kutosha kwa sababu
chochote ambacho kwamba mimi nina kamwe kwenda

648
00:31:14,190 --> 00:31:19,090
kukumbuka isipokuwa mimi kazi kwa njia hiyo kweli
makini juu, kusema, karatasi ni

649
00:31:19,090 --> 00:31:19,920
mstari huu damn.

650
00:31:19,920 --> 00:31:23,450
Je, si ni kuwa nzuri kama kulikuwa na
kazi kuitwa kwa juu?

651
00:31:23,450 --> 00:31:26,930
Vizuri zinageuka kuna
ni katika ctype.h pia.

652
00:31:26,930 --> 00:31:30,150
Mimi nina kwenda mbele na aina yake -

653
00:31:30,150 --> 00:31:31,340
basi mimi kuleta kwamba line nyuma.

654
00:31:31,340 --> 00:31:36,430
Badala ya hii hapa, napenda kwenda mbele
na kusema, mbadala kwa ajili ya c%

655
00:31:36,430 --> 00:31:42,110
matokeo ya wito wa kazi huu kwa
juu juu ya tabia i-th wa s.

656
00:31:42,110 --> 00:31:45,430
Na sasa ni kupata taarifa
kidogo uwiano.

657
00:31:45,430 --> 00:31:48,870
Nina kuweka wimbo wa ngapi
mabano nimekuwa kufunguliwa na kufungwa.

658
00:31:48,870 --> 00:31:50,050
>> Hivyo sasa ni hata safi.

659
00:31:50,050 --> 00:31:53,460
Sasa mpango huu ni kupata bora na
bora iliyoundwa arguably sababu ni

660
00:31:53,460 --> 00:31:56,450
kiasi, zaidi someka lakini
ni hakuna hebu kusahihisha.

661
00:31:56,450 --> 00:31:57,600
Kufanya capitalize.

662
00:31:57,600 --> 00:31:58,930
. / Capitalize.

663
00:31:58,930 --> 00:32:03,220
H-E-L-L-O. Hebu kukimbia tena,
D-A-V-I-D. OK, hivyo bado tuko katika

664
00:32:03,220 --> 00:32:04,250
nzuri sura.

665
00:32:04,250 --> 00:32:06,030
>> Lakini sasa kwa juu.

666
00:32:06,030 --> 00:32:09,720
Napendekeza kwamba kuna moja zaidi
ustaarabu tunaweza kufanya kwamba itakuwa

667
00:32:09,720 --> 00:32:12,820
mzuri kweli, kwamba inaweza kweli kaza
juu ya kanuni hii na kwa kweli kutupatia tano

668
00:32:12,820 --> 00:32:15,150
kati ya tano kwa ajili ya kubuni, kwa mfano.

669
00:32:15,150 --> 00:32:16,510
Nini itakuwa nzuri ya kujikwamua?

670
00:32:16,510 --> 00:32:20,770
Naam, kuangalia jinsi ya damn muda mrefu hii block ya
kanuni ni kufanya kitu rahisi.

671
00:32:20,770 --> 00:32:23,850
>> Sasa kama kando, kama unaweza kuwa na
kuonekana katika sehemu super hii iliyopita

672
00:32:23,850 --> 00:32:27,570
mwishoni mwa wiki, huna haja madhubuti
curly braces wakati wewe tu na moja

673
00:32:27,570 --> 00:32:32,180
mstari wa kanuni, hata kama sisi mapendekezo
kushika yao ili kwamba inafanya mengi

674
00:32:32,180 --> 00:32:36,190
wazi zaidi, kama katika Scratch ya U-umbo
vitalu, nini ndani ya tawi.

675
00:32:36,190 --> 00:32:40,170
Lakini bila kuwa nzuri kama ya juu,
wakipewa pembejeo zake, akageuka ndani

676
00:32:40,170 --> 00:32:44,730
uppercase kama siyo, na kile ingekuwa
kuwa ya ajabu katika kesi kinyume kama

677
00:32:44,730 --> 00:32:47,210
ni tayari uppercase?

678
00:32:47,210 --> 00:32:49,620
Tu kupita kwa njia ya
na kuondoka peke yake.

679
00:32:49,620 --> 00:32:50,660
>> Hivyo labda ni gani kwamba.

680
00:32:50,660 --> 00:32:52,990
Mimi naweza kujaribu na tu matumaini
kwamba hana, lakini napenda

681
00:32:52,990 --> 00:32:54,450
kuanzisha jambo moja nyingine.

682
00:32:54,450 --> 00:32:57,440
Badala ya kutumia hii terminal kujengwa katika
dirisha chini hapa, kukumbuka kwamba

683
00:32:57,440 --> 00:33:01,130
hii mraba nyeusi icon inakupa
kubwa terminal dirisha kwamba naweza full

684
00:33:01,130 --> 00:33:02,260
screen kama nataka?

685
00:33:02,260 --> 00:33:05,820
Hivyo zinageuka wao ni aina ya oddly
jina lake, lakini kuna mambo haya kuitwa

686
00:33:05,820 --> 00:33:10,970
mtu kurasa, kurasa mwongozo, mtu kwa ajili ya muda mfupi,
na mimi wanaweza kupata haya kwa

687
00:33:10,970 --> 00:33:14,515
kuandika mtu -

688
00:33:14,515 --> 00:33:15,570
je, nataka na aina?

689
00:33:15,570 --> 00:33:17,830
Mtu juu.

690
00:33:17,830 --> 00:33:21,090
>> Na sasa taarifa kama kuna
kazi ndani ya kompyuta, katika

691
00:33:21,090 --> 00:33:23,970
kesi hii appliance, ambayo ni haki
mfumo wa uendeshaji Linux, ni kwenda

692
00:33:23,970 --> 00:33:27,920
kunipa kuweka kiasi fulani fumbo la
pato, lakini utapata juu ya wakati huo

693
00:33:27,920 --> 00:33:31,720
daima ni formatted pretty much
vivyo hivyo kuanza kupata kutumika yake.

694
00:33:31,720 --> 00:33:35,130
Taarifa juu ya juu, na
inaonekana ni sawa nyaraka

695
00:33:35,130 --> 00:33:35,680
kwa ajili ya kupunguza.

696
00:33:35,680 --> 00:33:38,740
Mtu aliandika kinawafyeka baadhi
pembe na kuweka yote kwenye ukurasa mmoja.

697
00:33:38,740 --> 00:33:40,720
Kusudi mambo haya 'katika
maisha ni kubadili

698
00:33:40,720 --> 00:33:42,780
barua kwa juu au lowercase.

699
00:33:42,780 --> 00:33:46,290
>> Taarifa kwamba chini ya Synopsis, ukurasa wa mtu
ni kufundisha mimi nini faili nina

700
00:33:46,290 --> 00:33:48,130
kwa pamoja kwa kutumia neno hili.

701
00:33:48,130 --> 00:33:51,320
Ni kunipa saini kwa ajili ya haya
kazi, wawili kati yao, hata

702
00:33:51,320 --> 00:33:53,510
ingawa sisi sasa hivi tu
huduma ya juu moja.

703
00:33:53,510 --> 00:33:54,730
Hapa sasa ni maelezo.

704
00:33:54,730 --> 00:33:58,800
Kwa juu waongofu mbili
c uppercase kama inawezekana.

705
00:33:58,800 --> 00:34:02,280
>> Bado si kwamba mazingatio, lakini napenda
sasa kuangalia chini ya thamani ya kurudi, jambo

706
00:34:02,280 --> 00:34:03,520
hiyo ni mitupu nyuma.

707
00:34:03,520 --> 00:34:08,600
Hivyo thamani akarudi ni ile ya
waongofu mbili au c kama

708
00:34:08,600 --> 00:34:09,870
uongofu hakuwa iwezekanavyo.

709
00:34:09,870 --> 00:34:11,202
Je, ni c?

710
00:34:11,202 --> 00:34:12,560
>> tabia ya awali.

711
00:34:12,560 --> 00:34:15,370
>> tabia ya awali na tunajua
kwamba kwa mara nyingine tena, anakwenda

712
00:34:15,370 --> 00:34:19,179
Synopsis, na yeyote aliandika hii
kazi tu aliamua kwamba pembejeo

713
00:34:19,179 --> 00:34:22,909
na kwa ya juu na ya chini ni tu
kiholela kwenda kuitwa c.

714
00:34:22,909 --> 00:34:24,909
Wangeweza kuitwa ni zaidi ya kitu
wanataka, lakini wao kuitunza

715
00:34:24,909 --> 00:34:26,270
rahisi kama c.

716
00:34:26,270 --> 00:34:27,880
Hivyo nimekuwa ushauri ukurasa mtu.

717
00:34:27,880 --> 00:34:31,870
Hii hukumu reassures kwangu kwamba kama
siyo barua lowercase, ni

718
00:34:31,870 --> 00:34:34,969
kwenda tu nipe nyuma c, ambayo ni
kamilifu, ambayo ina maana mimi wanaweza kujikwamua

719
00:34:34,969 --> 00:34:36,199
hali yangu mwingine.

720
00:34:36,199 --> 00:34:39,679
>> Hivyo basi mimi kwenda nyuma gedit, na
sasa napenda tu kufanya hivyo.

721
00:34:39,679 --> 00:34:41,960
Mimi nina kwenda nakala kauli yangu printf.

722
00:34:41,960 --> 00:34:45,969
Mimi nina kwenda mbele na haki ndani ya
kwa ajili ya magazeti kitanzi kwamba nje, na kupata

723
00:34:45,969 --> 00:34:48,760
kuondoa ya sasa hii yote kama kujenga.

724
00:34:48,760 --> 00:34:51,860
Ilikuwa si wazo mbaya, na ilikuwa ni ya
kiasi sahihi na thabiti na

725
00:34:51,860 --> 00:34:54,100
kila kitu tumekuwa unahubiriwa,
lakini si tu muhimu.

726
00:34:54,100 --> 00:34:57,070
Haraka kama wewe kutambua baadhi ya maktaba
kazi ipo kwamba mtu mwingine

727
00:34:57,070 --> 00:35:01,340
aliandika, au labda wewe aliandika mahali pengine katika
faili, unaweza kutumia na kwa kweli

728
00:35:01,340 --> 00:35:02,690
kuanza kaza juu ya kanuni.

729
00:35:02,690 --> 00:35:06,080
>> Na wakati mimi kusema mambo kama mtindo mzuri,
ukweli kwamba mtu huyu aitwaye

730
00:35:06,080 --> 00:35:11,490
kazi ya juu, au hapo awali ni
chini ni ajabu muhimu kwa sababu

731
00:35:11,490 --> 00:35:12,900
wao uko sana maelezo.

732
00:35:12,900 --> 00:35:16,120
Wewe si unataka kuwaita kazi yako
x na y na z, ambayo

733
00:35:16,120 --> 00:35:19,620
sana, kiasi kidogo maana.

734
00:35:19,620 --> 00:35:25,160
Maswali yoyote juu ya mfululizo kwamba
ya maboresho?

735
00:35:25,160 --> 00:35:28,010
>> Hivyo inatosha kusema moja ya
takeaways ni hata kama tatizo lako mwenyewe

736
00:35:28,010 --> 00:35:30,960
kuweka - labda tatizo kuweka moja, lakini
hakika P kuweka mbili na kuendelea, hata

737
00:35:30,960 --> 00:35:34,380
wakati wao uko sahihi siyo lazima
maana wao ni kamilifu tu

738
00:35:34,380 --> 00:35:36,155
bado au hasa vizuri iliyoundwa.

739
00:35:36,155 --> 00:35:38,420
Hiyo ni mhimili mwingine
kuanza kufikiri juu.

740
00:35:38,420 --> 00:35:41,730
Hivyo hii ilikuwa ndani ya kamba ya yako
kumbukumbu ya kompyuta, lakini kama una

741
00:35:41,730 --> 00:35:46,180
nzima rundo la wahusika kama H-E-L-L-O
ndani ya RAM, na tuseme

742
00:35:46,180 --> 00:35:51,330
kwamba katika mpango wako kuwaita kupata kamba
mara nyingi kama kwamba wewe

743
00:35:51,330 --> 00:35:54,200
kuwaita kupata kamba mara moja, basi
kuwaita kupata kamba tena.

744
00:35:54,200 --> 00:35:55,880
Vizuri, nini kinaendelea
kutokea baada ya muda?

745
00:35:55,880 --> 00:35:59,170
>> Kwa maneno mengine, kama una mstari wa
kanuni, pamoja na nje ya mazingira, kama

746
00:35:59,170 --> 00:36:02,120
kamba s anapata -

747
00:36:02,120 --> 00:36:02,960
hebu kufanya hii.

748
00:36:02,960 --> 00:36:05,270
Kamba jina sawa na kupata kamba.

749
00:36:05,270 --> 00:36:08,590
Hivyo tuseme kuwa mstari wa kanuni ni maana
kuuliza mtumiaji kwa ajili ya jina lake.

750
00:36:08,590 --> 00:36:14,580
Line hii ya pili ya kanuni ni maana ya kuuliza
mtumiaji kwa ajili ya shule yake, na

751
00:36:14,580 --> 00:36:15,920
line hii ya pili, na kadhalika.

752
00:36:15,920 --> 00:36:18,150
Tuseme kwamba sisi kuendelea kuuliza
mtumiaji kwa ajili ya mwingine na

753
00:36:18,150 --> 00:36:19,750
mwingine na mwingine kamba.

754
00:36:19,750 --> 00:36:22,390
Wao ni kwenda kukaa katika kumbukumbu
wakati huo huo.

755
00:36:22,390 --> 00:36:24,280
Moja si kwenda clobber mengine.

756
00:36:24,280 --> 00:36:26,420
Shule si overwrite mengine.

757
00:36:26,420 --> 00:36:28,520
Lakini pale ambapo kufanya wao wote
kuishia katika kumbukumbu?

758
00:36:28,520 --> 00:36:32,030
>> Naam, kama sisi kuanza kuteka kwenye screen,
ambayo tunaweza kutumia neno hili

759
00:36:32,030 --> 00:36:35,800
hapa kama ubao, kama hii nyeusi
Mstatili inawakilisha kompyuta yangu

760
00:36:35,800 --> 00:36:39,800
kumbukumbu, mimi nina kwenda kiholela kuanza
kugawa hivyo hadi katika viwanja kidogo,

761
00:36:39,800 --> 00:36:42,120
kila mmoja ambayo inawakilisha
moja Byte ya kumbukumbu.

762
00:36:42,120 --> 00:36:46,560
Kusema ukweli, kama una gigabyte ya RAM
siku hizi, una ka bilioni

763
00:36:46,560 --> 00:36:49,540
ya kumbukumbu katika kompyuta yako, hivyo
bilioni ya mraba haya.

764
00:36:49,540 --> 00:36:52,110
Hivyo inatosha kusema, hii
si kweli kwa wadogo.

765
00:36:52,110 --> 00:36:58,250
>> Lakini tunaweza kuweka kuchora yote haya
wazi si kuongeza viwanja, na hii

766
00:36:58,250 --> 00:37:01,260
pamoja inawakilisha
kompyuta yangu ya kumbukumbu.

767
00:37:01,260 --> 00:37:03,136
Sasa tutaweza tu kufanya dot, dot, dot.

768
00:37:03,136 --> 00:37:06,260
Hivyo kwa maneno mengine, wakati mimi sasa kuchochea
mtumiaji kwa kamba wa kupata kunipa

769
00:37:06,260 --> 00:37:07,350
kamba, nini kitatokea?

770
00:37:07,350 --> 00:37:14,270
Kama mtumiaji aina katika "hello," kwamba mwisho
hadi katika H-E-L-L-O. Lakini tuseme

771
00:37:14,270 --> 00:37:15,720
mtumiaji basi aina katika -

772
00:37:15,720 --> 00:37:17,250
kweli, mimi lazima kuwa na kosa
hujambo kwa sababu sisi ni kuuliza

773
00:37:17,250 --> 00:37:18,330
yao kwa majina yao.

774
00:37:18,330 --> 00:37:20,580
Basi hebu kwenda nyuma kama naweza kufanya hili.

775
00:37:20,580 --> 00:37:26,130
>> Hivyo kama mimi aina katika D-A-V-I-D kwa ajili ya jina langu,
lakini kukumbuka kuwa mstari wa pili wa

776
00:37:26,130 --> 00:37:29,220
kanuni ilikuwa kupata kamba tena
kupata shule zao.

777
00:37:29,220 --> 00:37:32,090
Ambapo ni neno kwamba mtumiaji
aina katika kwenda ijayo?

778
00:37:32,090 --> 00:37:38,290
Vizuri, labda ni kwenda na kwenda katika
H-A-R-V-A-R-D. Hivyo hata ingawa nimekuwa

779
00:37:38,290 --> 00:37:41,560
inayotolewa ni kama safu mbili, hii ni
kundi zima la ka katika yako

780
00:37:41,560 --> 00:37:42,710
kompyuta RAM.

781
00:37:42,710 --> 00:37:46,560
Kuna tatizo sasa kwa sababu sasa kama mimi nina
kutumia RAM katika hii nzuri sana

782
00:37:46,560 --> 00:37:49,910
lakini aina ya njia wasiojua, nini unaweza
si inaonekana kutofautisha?

783
00:37:49,910 --> 00:37:52,640

784
00:37:52,640 --> 00:37:54,680
Ambapo moja huanza na ambapo
moja mwisho, haki?

785
00:37:54,680 --> 00:37:55,860
Wao ni aina ya blurring pamoja.

786
00:37:55,860 --> 00:37:57,920
>> Hivyo zinageuka kompyuta
haina kufanya hivyo.

787
00:37:57,920 --> 00:38:04,720
Basi mimi kwa kweli kitabu nyuma katika wakati
wachache wahusika, na badala ya Harvard

788
00:38:04,720 --> 00:38:09,570
kwenda mara baada ya jina la mtumiaji,
mtumiaji kweli anapata, nyuma ya

789
00:38:09,570 --> 00:38:12,000
pazia, tabia maalum
kuingizwa kwa

790
00:38:12,000 --> 00:38:13,885
kompyuta kwa ajili yake.

791
00:38:13,885 --> 00:38:19,470
/ 0, inayojulikana kama tabia nul
annoyingly kuitwa N-U-L, si

792
00:38:19,470 --> 00:38:22,190
N-U-L-L, lakini kuandika ni kama / 0.

793
00:38:22,190 --> 00:38:27,130
Ni tu kila bits sifuri ni alama katika
kati ya neno la kwanza kwamba mtumiaji

794
00:38:27,130 --> 00:38:28,290
typed na ya pili.

795
00:38:28,290 --> 00:38:33,020
>> Hivyo Harvard kweli sasa inaishia
kama hii mlolongo wa wahusika

796
00:38:33,020 --> 00:38:36,110
na moja zaidi / 0.

797
00:38:36,110 --> 00:38:41,690
Hivyo kwa maneno mengine, kwa kuwa na hizi
sentinel maadili, nane contiguous sifuri

798
00:38:41,690 --> 00:38:45,220
bits, sasa unaweza kuanza kutofautisha
tabia moja kutoka nyingine.

799
00:38:45,220 --> 00:38:49,720
Hivyo wakati huu wote kile "hello" ni
kweli "hello" na / 0, na

800
00:38:49,720 --> 00:38:53,580
wakati huo huo, kuna nguvu vizuri sana
kuwa kidogo kabisa zaidi RAM

801
00:38:53,580 --> 00:38:56,400
ndani ya kompyuta.

802
00:38:56,400 --> 00:38:57,810
>> Basi mimi kufanya jambo moja nyingine sasa.

803
00:38:57,810 --> 00:39:01,800
Ni zinageuka kuwa yote ya mraba haya
tumekuwa kuchora, wao, ndiyo,

804
00:39:01,800 --> 00:39:06,140
masharti, lakini kwa ujumla zaidi,
mambo haya ni ya arrays.

805
00:39:06,140 --> 00:39:10,590
safu ni tu chunk ya kumbukumbu
hiyo ni nyuma kwa nyuma kwa nyuma kwa nyuma,

806
00:39:10,590 --> 00:39:15,130
na kwa kawaida wewe kutumia safu kwa njia
hii ya nukuu za mraba mabano.

807
00:39:15,130 --> 00:39:18,210
Hivyo sisi ni kwenda kuona haya kabisa kidogo
baada ya muda, lakini napenda kwenda mbele na

808
00:39:18,210 --> 00:39:21,160
kufungua, hebu simu yake ya milele.

809
00:39:21,160 --> 00:39:23,920
Na taarifa ya nini tunaweza kufanya na
hizi mbinu hiyo, kidogo

810
00:39:23,920 --> 00:39:25,750
kidogo zaidi syntax hapa.

811
00:39:25,750 --> 00:39:29,270
>> Hivyo katika mstari wa 17 wa mpango huu -
kweli, basi mimi kuendesha programu ya kwanza

812
00:39:29,270 --> 00:39:30,770
hivyo tunaweza kuona nini jambo hili gani.

813
00:39:30,770 --> 00:39:33,530
Hebu piga kufanya nyakati
kukusanya mpango huu.

814
00:39:33,530 --> 00:39:34,950
. / Milele.

815
00:39:34,950 --> 00:39:36,480
Jinsi watu wengi katika chumba?

816
00:39:36,480 --> 00:39:38,020
Kuiita tatu.

817
00:39:38,020 --> 00:39:39,575
Umri wa mtu wa kwanza?

818
00:39:39,575 --> 00:39:42,710
18, 19, na 20.

819
00:39:42,710 --> 00:39:46,770
Na sasa kiasi fulani ridiculously, mimi tu
kuwa alifanya mpango kwamba wale wenye umri

820
00:39:46,770 --> 00:39:47,740
watu watatu.

821
00:39:47,740 --> 00:39:50,390
>> Hivyo kuna nafasi wazi
kwa baadhi ya hesabu ya furaha hapa.

822
00:39:50,390 --> 00:39:51,560
Nashiriki, math ni sahihi.

823
00:39:51,560 --> 00:39:54,720
18 akaenda 19, 19 akaenda
hadi 20 na kadhalika.

824
00:39:54,720 --> 00:39:58,510
Lakini nini kweli maana ya kuwa
unaonyesha hapa ni jinsi sisi ni kuhifadhi

825
00:39:58,510 --> 00:40:00,190
wale watu watatu wa milele.

826
00:40:00,190 --> 00:40:02,370
Hebu kuvuta saa nini
kinachoendelea hapa.

827
00:40:02,370 --> 00:40:06,240
>> Hivyo kwanza, hizi kwanza mistari michache lazima
kuwa kupata pretty ukoo.

828
00:40:06,240 --> 00:40:08,770
Mimi tu na kusababisha mtumiaji kwa ajili ya
idadi ya watu katika chumba.

829
00:40:08,770 --> 00:40:11,490
Basi mimi nina kutumia kupata int na kufanya wakati kwa
kufanya hivyo tena na tena na tena.

830
00:40:11,490 --> 00:40:15,780
Tumeona kwamba mfano kabla, lakini
mstari 27 ni mpya na kweli kabisa

831
00:40:15,780 --> 00:40:18,160
muhimu, na watakuwa
inazidi muhimu.

832
00:40:18,160 --> 00:40:21,620
Taarifa kwamba nini tofauti katika mstari wa 27
ni kwamba mimi kuonekana kuwa kutangaza

833
00:40:21,620 --> 00:40:23,960
int umri kuitwa, lakini kusubiri.

834
00:40:23,960 --> 00:40:27,140
Siyo tu int milele.

835
00:40:27,140 --> 00:40:30,130
Kuna haya mabano mraba,
ndani ya ambayo ni n.

836
00:40:30,130 --> 00:40:35,150
>> Hivyo n mabano katika muktadha huu, si
ndani ya kauli printf hapa lakini

837
00:40:35,150 --> 00:40:44,370
katika mstari huu pekee 27, mstari huu ni
akisema, nipe n ints, ambayo kila mmoja

838
00:40:44,370 --> 00:40:46,080
ni ya int aina.

839
00:40:46,080 --> 00:40:49,870
Hivyo hii ni ndoo, hivyo kusema, ya,
katika kesi hii, tatu integers nyuma

840
00:40:49,870 --> 00:40:52,770
nyuma kwa nyuma ili mimi kwa ufanisi
wana vigezo tatu.

841
00:40:52,770 --> 00:40:54,890
mbadala, kwa kuwa
wazi, itakuwa hii.

842
00:40:54,890 --> 00:40:57,400
>> Kama nilitaka mwanafunzi wa kwanza
umri, mimi ili kufanya hii.

843
00:40:57,400 --> 00:40:59,520
Kama nilitaka mwanafunzi wa pili
umri mimi ili kufanya hii.

844
00:40:59,520 --> 00:41:01,860
Kama nilitaka mwanafunzi wa tatu
umri, mimi ili kufanya hii.

845
00:41:01,860 --> 00:41:04,320
Na mungu apishe tunahitaji kila mtu
umri katika chumba hii -

846
00:41:04,320 --> 00:41:07,670
I mean, hii ni heck ya mengi ya nakala,
kuweka tena na tena na tena.

847
00:41:07,670 --> 00:41:10,870
Na pamoja na mara moja mimi kukusanya mpango huu,
ikiwa mwanafunzi mwingine anatembea katika zaidi ya nje

848
00:41:10,870 --> 00:41:14,200
ya mlango kwamba, sasa namba yangu
ya vigezo ni sahihi.

849
00:41:14,200 --> 00:41:17,450
>> Basi nini kizuri kuhusu safu ni kama
haraka kama wewe kuanza hisia mwenyewe

850
00:41:17,450 --> 00:41:20,190
kuiga na pasting, ni tabia mbaya kwamba
si njia bora.

851
00:41:20,190 --> 00:41:22,240
safu ni nguvu uwezekano.

852
00:41:22,240 --> 00:41:24,610
Sijui mapema jinsi watu wengi
ni kwenda kuwa katika chumba,

853
00:41:24,610 --> 00:41:28,670
lakini najua mimi haja n yao, na mimi itabidi
kufikiri n wakati unakuja.

854
00:41:28,670 --> 00:41:35,500
Line hii ya maadili ya sasa ina maana, nipe
chunk ya kumbukumbu kwamba inaonekana kama hii

855
00:41:35,500 --> 00:41:40,380
ambapo idadi ya masanduku ya juu ya screen
ni hutegemea n kwamba

856
00:41:40,380 --> 00:41:42,010
mtumiaji typed in

857
00:41:42,010 --> 00:41:44,850
>> Hivyo sasa mapumziko ya mpango huu ni
kweli pretty sawa na kile sisi

858
00:41:44,850 --> 00:41:46,860
tu alivyofanya na wahusika.

859
00:41:46,860 --> 00:41:49,970
Ilani Mimi kwa kitanzi
kuanzia katika mstari 30.

860
00:41:49,970 --> 00:41:54,920
Hivyo haki baada ya mimi kupata safu, mimi
iterate kutoka y sawa na sifuri juu hadi n.

861
00:41:54,920 --> 00:41:58,890
Mimi tu kuwa hii printf mazingatio
ujumbe kwa kusema tu, nipe umri

862
00:41:58,890 --> 00:42:03,690
ya mtu #% i, hivyo namba moja,
namba mbili, namba tatu.

863
00:42:03,690 --> 00:42:04,730
Na kwa nini mimi kufanya hili?

864
00:42:04,730 --> 00:42:08,870
Kusema ukweli, binadamu wanapendelea kuhesabu kutoka moja
juu juu ambapo kompyuta wanasayansi,

865
00:42:08,870 --> 00:42:09,620
sifuri juu juu.

866
00:42:09,620 --> 00:42:11,700
kompyuta wanasayansi si kwenda
kutumia aina hii ya mpango, hivyo sisi ni

867
00:42:11,700 --> 00:42:13,990
kwenda tu kuanza kuhesabu
saa moja kama watu wa kawaida.

868
00:42:13,990 --> 00:42:17,630
>> Na sasa katika mstari 33, taarifa kidogo
tofauti kipande cha syntax.

869
00:42:17,630 --> 00:42:23,710
umri i-th katika kwamba kutofautiana wa aina
safu ni kwenda kupata int.

870
00:42:23,710 --> 00:42:25,770
Na sasa mwisho, hii ni
hesabu chini hapa.

871
00:42:25,770 --> 00:42:29,200
Niliamua katika kitanzi tofauti kudai
baadhi ya wakati unapita, na sasa katika hii

872
00:42:29,200 --> 00:42:31,400
kitanzi tofauti, hizi mistari nitafanya.

873
00:42:31,400 --> 00:42:35,810
>> mwaka kuanzia sasa, mtu i itakuwa i
umri wa miaka, lakini taarifa hii si

874
00:42:35,810 --> 00:42:36,500
kutofautiana i.

875
00:42:36,500 --> 00:42:38,390
Hii sasa ni% i kwa int.

876
00:42:38,390 --> 00:42:43,210
Na taarifa kama placeholder kwanza, mimi
kuziba katika i pamoja na 1, hivyo sisi kuhesabu kama

877
00:42:43,210 --> 00:42:44,250
kawaida mtu.

878
00:42:44,250 --> 00:42:49,190
Na kisha kwa ajili ya thamani ya umri wao, kwa
i na umri wa miaka, mimi kuchukua umri bracket

879
00:42:49,190 --> 00:42:52,980
i - na kwa nini mimi kufanya pamoja na moja hapa?

880
00:42:52,980 --> 00:42:53,760
Wao tu wenye umri.

881
00:42:53,760 --> 00:42:55,030
Ni uchaguzi wangu kijinga ya mipango.

882
00:42:55,030 --> 00:42:56,810
Wao tu wenye umri wa mwaka mmoja.

883
00:42:56,810 --> 00:42:59,770
Mimi naweza aina katika idadi yoyote kwamba
Mimi kweli wanataka huko.

884
00:42:59,770 --> 00:43:02,430
>> Basi nini kweli yote ya
umuhimu hapa?

885
00:43:02,430 --> 00:43:07,610
Naam, napenda kwa kweli kitabu nyuma
zaidi ya hapa na kuchora picha

886
00:43:07,610 --> 00:43:10,830
ya kile uongo mbele.

887
00:43:10,830 --> 00:43:15,720
Nini tutaweza kufanya na wetu ujao
Tatizo Set mbili ni dabbling katika

888
00:43:15,720 --> 00:43:17,070
ulimwengu wa cryptography.

889
00:43:17,070 --> 00:43:22,500
Hivyo hii ni kamba ya wahusika, hivyo
mlolongo wa chars nyingi, na nini

890
00:43:22,500 --> 00:43:23,750
gani hii kusema?

891
00:43:23,750 --> 00:43:28,530

892
00:43:28,530 --> 00:43:30,600
Siyo katika toleo online
ya slides.

893
00:43:30,600 --> 00:43:35,880
>> Hivyo mimi kudai kwamba hii ni sawa na hii,
kijinga tangazo kutoka miaka mingi

894
00:43:35,880 --> 00:43:39,950
iliyopita kuwa ili kweli kukumbuka
moja ya asili yake.

895
00:43:39,950 --> 00:43:42,740
Hivyo hii ni mfano wa encryption
au cryptography.

896
00:43:42,740 --> 00:43:46,150
Ni zinageuka kuwa kama unataka
kweli kutuma habari au kushiriki

897
00:43:46,150 --> 00:43:49,310
habari na mtu salama,
kama ujumbe kama hii, unaweza

898
00:43:49,310 --> 00:43:50,500
kinyang'anyiro barua.

899
00:43:50,500 --> 00:43:53,170
Lakini kwa kawaida, maneno ni
si scrambled nasibu.

900
00:43:53,170 --> 00:43:56,365
Wao ni permuted katika baadhi ya njia au iliyopita
katika baadhi ya njia ili - oops.

901
00:43:56,365 --> 00:43:59,040
Hiyo ni spoiler furaha kwa wakati ujao.

902
00:43:59,040 --> 00:44:04,390
>> Hivyo unaweza ramani ni nini inaonekana
O na Ilani B. kwamba mistari hadi

903
00:44:04,390 --> 00:44:05,420
mtaji-busara.

904
00:44:05,420 --> 00:44:07,960
Inavyoonekana r inakuwa e.

905
00:44:07,960 --> 00:44:14,000
Inavyoonekana F-H-E-R inakuwa S-U-R-E. Hivyo
zinageuka kuna ramani, na katika

906
00:44:14,000 --> 00:44:18,720
hii kesi kuna kijinga pretty
ramani kama kuna mtu ana figured nje?

907
00:44:18,720 --> 00:44:21,440
Hii ni kitu kinachoitwa
Kuoza 13, Mzunguko 13.

908
00:44:21,440 --> 00:44:24,760
Ni stupidest ya encryption
taratibu kwa sababu ni literally tu

909
00:44:24,760 --> 00:44:29,160
anaongeza 13 kwa kila moja ya barua,
kijinga kwa maana kwamba kama wewe tu

910
00:44:29,160 --> 00:44:31,890
kuwa na kidogo ya muda wa bure juu ya mikono yako
na penseli, au wewe tu nadhani ni

911
00:44:31,890 --> 00:44:35,260
kupitia katika kichwa yako, unaweza kujaribu
kila nyongeza inawezekana - moja, mbili,

912
00:44:35,260 --> 00:44:38,470
tatu, dot, dot, nukta 25 tu
mzunguko wa alfabeti nzima, na

913
00:44:38,470 --> 00:44:40,860
hatimaye, itabidi kufikiri
nini ujumbe huu ni.

914
00:44:40,860 --> 00:44:43,700
Hivyo kama wewe alifanya kitu kama hiki katika
darasa la shule ya kupita ujumbe kwa yako

915
00:44:43,700 --> 00:44:46,830
bora rafiki, kama shule yako daraja
mwalimu tu kusoma kwa njia ya

916
00:44:46,830 --> 00:44:50,320
ujumbe na brute kulazimishwa ufumbuzi,
unaweza kuwa na kujipatia

917
00:44:50,320 --> 00:44:52,550
Jibu na kwamba.

918
00:44:52,550 --> 00:44:54,970
>> Sasa bila shaka, katika ulimwengu wa kweli,
cryptography ni ya kisasa zaidi.

919
00:44:54,970 --> 00:45:00,120
Hii ni kijisehemu cha maandishi kutoka
mfumo wa kompyuta ambayo ina majina ya watumiaji na

920
00:45:00,120 --> 00:45:03,630
nywila, kama karibu wote ya sisi kufanya, na
hii ni nini password yako ili

921
00:45:03,630 --> 00:45:07,260
kuangalia kama kama kuhifadhiwa kwenye bidii yako
gari lakini katika hali ya uliosimbwa.

922
00:45:07,260 --> 00:45:11,050
Hii si tu mzunguko wa barua,
B ni A na B ni C. Hii ni

923
00:45:11,050 --> 00:45:15,620
kisasa zaidi, lakini inatumia
nini ujumla inayojulikana kama ufunguo wa siri

924
00:45:15,620 --> 00:45:16,690
cryptography.

925
00:45:16,690 --> 00:45:20,210
Picha hii anasema yafuatayo
hadithi na icons wachache.

926
00:45:20,210 --> 00:45:22,250
>> Upande wa kushoto, tuna nini
Tutamwita Nakala wazi.

927
00:45:22,250 --> 00:45:25,420
Katika dunia ya cryptography, wazi
Nakala tu ni ujumbe wa awali

928
00:45:25,420 --> 00:45:29,050
imeandikwa kwa Kiingereza au Kifaransa
au lugha yoyote ile.

929
00:45:29,050 --> 00:45:32,405
Kama unataka encrypt, tutaweza kupitisha
ni pictorially kupitia kufuli, hivyo

930
00:45:32,405 --> 00:45:35,580
baadhi ya aina ya ya algorithm, baadhi ya kazi
au mpango kwamba mtu aliandika

931
00:45:35,580 --> 00:45:39,880
kwamba scrambles barua hopefully
zaidi kuliko tu complicatedly akiongeza 13

932
00:45:39,880 --> 00:45:40,980
kwa kila mmoja wao.

933
00:45:40,980 --> 00:45:43,780
>> Nini kupata nje ya mchakato wa kuwa katika
katikati kuna inaitwa cyphertext.

934
00:45:43,780 --> 00:45:44,850
Hivyo aina ya neno sexy.

935
00:45:44,850 --> 00:45:47,630
Ni tu ina maana ni encrypted
toleo la Nakala wazi.

936
00:45:47,630 --> 00:45:52,570
Na kama tu una kwamba siri moja,
13 au bala 13, ni wewe na uwezo wa

937
00:45:52,570 --> 00:45:54,970
decrypt ujumbe kama hiyo.

938
00:45:54,970 --> 00:45:57,770
>> Hivyo katika Tatizo Kuweka Mbili, miongoni mwa mambo
itabidi kufanya kama katika Hacker

939
00:45:57,770 --> 00:46:01,860
Toleo, utakuwa na kuandika kanuni na
ufa nywila haya, kuhesabia

940
00:46:01,860 --> 00:46:05,170
walikuwa nini na jinsi wao walikuwa
encrypted, ingawa sisi kufanya kukupa kidogo

941
00:46:05,170 --> 00:46:06,460
ya uongozi njiani.

942
00:46:06,460 --> 00:46:09,320
Katika toleo la, sisi kuanzisha
michache ya ciphers, fiche

943
00:46:09,320 --> 00:46:12,400
taratibu, na mtu mmoja aitwaye Kaisari, mmoja
kuitwa Vigenere, kwamba bado ni

944
00:46:12,400 --> 00:46:16,100
mzunguko ciphers ambapo inakuwa
kitu, B inakuwa kitu, lakini

945
00:46:16,100 --> 00:46:18,820
una kufanya hivyo programmatically
sababu kuna hakika kuwa siri

946
00:46:18,820 --> 00:46:22,840
muhimu ya kushiriki ambayo ni kawaida ya simu
au Keyword kwamba tu

947
00:46:22,840 --> 00:46:26,420
mtumaji na mpokeaji wa haya
ujumbe wanapaswa kuelewa.

948
00:46:26,420 --> 00:46:28,660
>> Sasa, hii kweli ina incarnations
katika ulimwengu halisi.

949
00:46:28,660 --> 00:46:32,910
Hii, kwa mfano, ni kidogo yatima
Annie ya siri avkodare pete, na wewe

950
00:46:32,910 --> 00:46:35,180
kweli anaweza kutekeleza haya
mzunguko ciphers -

951
00:46:35,180 --> 00:46:37,930
inakuwa kitu, B inakuwa
kitu fulani - na michache ya magurudumu,

952
00:46:37,930 --> 00:46:40,840
mmoja upande wa nje, moja juu ya ndani
vile kwamba kama mzunguko gurudumu au

953
00:46:40,840 --> 00:46:44,170
pete, unaweza kweli kujipanga
barua na barua tofauti,

954
00:46:44,170 --> 00:46:45,430
kupata kanuni ya siri.

955
00:46:45,430 --> 00:46:48,110
Na hivyo kama cliffhanger kwa leo,
nilifikiri nini ningependa kufanya ni kidogo ya

956
00:46:48,110 --> 00:46:52,170
Throwback kwamba kama kurejea kwenye TV
Desemba 24, unaweza kuangalia

957
00:46:52,170 --> 00:46:55,390
movie ad nauseum kwa
Masaa 24 mfululizo.

958
00:46:55,390 --> 00:47:06,030
Lakini kwa leo, mimi itabidi kufungua it up hapa
na kutupa dakika mbili tu ya

959
00:47:06,030 --> 00:47:13,493
pedagogically husika Krismasi Story
na wenzake mdogo aitwaye Ralphie.

960
00:47:13,493 --> 00:47:14,400
>> [Video avspelning]

961
00:47:14,400 --> 00:47:17,420
>> -Ijulikane kwa wote na sundry kwamba
Parker Ralph ni hili kuteuliwa

962
00:47:17,420 --> 00:47:20,650
mwanachama wa Little Yatima Annie siri
mduara na ni haki ya kila

963
00:47:20,650 --> 00:47:23,460
heshima na faida
zinazotokea lazimishwa.

964
00:47:23,460 --> 00:47:25,990
>> -Saini, Little Yatima Annie.

965
00:47:25,990 --> 00:47:30,100
Countersigned, Pierre Andre katika wino.

966
00:47:30,100 --> 00:47:34,270
Heshima na faida tayari
katika umri wa miaka tisa.

967
00:47:34,270 --> 00:47:39,440
>> [SHOUTING ILIYO RADIO]

968
00:47:39,440 --> 00:47:40,770
>> Kuja juu, hebu kupata tarehe na hayo.

969
00:47:40,770 --> 00:47:44,965
Sihitaji jazz kwamba wote kuhusu
smugglers na maharamia.

970
00:47:44,965 --> 00:47:48,270
>> -Sikiliza kesho usiku kwa ajili ya
kumaliza adventure ya nyeusi

971
00:47:48,270 --> 00:47:49,650
pirate meli.

972
00:47:49,650 --> 00:47:53,320
Sasa, ni wakati kwa siri Annie ya
Ujumbe kwa wanachama wewe

973
00:47:53,320 --> 00:47:55,720
ya mduara siri.

974
00:47:55,720 --> 00:47:56,580
Kumbuka, watoto.

975
00:47:56,580 --> 00:48:01,720
Wanachama tu wa Circle Annie ya siri
unaweza Decode Annie ya siri ya ujumbe.

976
00:48:01,720 --> 00:48:05,872
Kumbuka, Annie ni kulingana na wewe.

977
00:48:05,872 --> 00:48:08,670
Kuweka pini yako B2.

978
00:48:08,670 --> 00:48:11,000
Hapa ni ujumbe.

979
00:48:11,000 --> 00:48:12,335
12, 11, 2 -

980
00:48:12,335 --> 00:48:14,670
>> -I am katika mkutano yangu ya kwanza ya siri.

981
00:48:14,670 --> 00:48:19,720
>> -25, 14, 11, 18, 16 -

982
00:48:19,720 --> 00:48:21,650
>> -Pierre ilikuwa katika usiku wa leo kubwa sauti.

983
00:48:21,650 --> 00:48:24,830
Mimi naweza kumwambia ujumbe kwamba usiku wa leo
alikuwa kweli muhimu.

984
00:48:24,830 --> 00:48:26,400
>> -3, 25.

985
00:48:26,400 --> 00:48:28,540
Hiyo ni ujumbe kutoka Annie mwenyewe.

986
00:48:28,540 --> 00:48:30,086
Kumbuka, usimwambie mtu yeyote.

987
00:48:30,086 --> 00:48:34,370

988
00:48:34,370 --> 00:48:38,710
>> -90 Sekunde baadaye, mimi niko katika chumba tu
katika nyumba ambapo kijana wa tisa

989
00:48:38,710 --> 00:48:42,668
wanaweza kukaa katika faragha na Decode.

990
00:48:42,668 --> 00:48:47,628
Aha, B. nilikwenda ijayo.

991
00:48:47,628 --> 00:48:53,060
E. neno la kwanza ni "kuwa." S.
Alikuwa anakuja rahisi sasa.

992
00:48:53,060 --> 00:48:54,980
U. 25.

993
00:48:54,980 --> 00:48:55,940
Hiyo ni R.

994
00:48:55,940 --> 00:48:56,900
>> -Haya, Ralphie.

995
00:48:56,900 --> 00:48:57,860
I gotta go.

996
00:48:57,860 --> 00:48:59,780
>> -I'll kuwa haki ya chini, Ma.

997
00:48:59,780 --> 00:49:01,030
Gee whiz.

998
00:49:01,030 --> 00:49:04,300

999
00:49:04,300 --> 00:49:08,220
>> -T. O. Kuwa na uhakika wa.

1000
00:49:08,220 --> 00:49:09,500
Kuwa na uhakika wa nini?

1001
00:49:09,500 --> 00:49:11,660
Nini ilikuwa Yatima Kidogo
Annie anajaribu kusema nini?

1002
00:49:11,660 --> 00:49:12,844
Kuwa na uhakika wa nini?

1003
00:49:12,844 --> 00:49:14,732
>> -Ralphie, Randy ina got kwenda.

1004
00:49:14,732 --> 00:49:16,148
Je, tafadhali kuja nje?

1005
00:49:16,148 --> 00:49:17,092
>> -All kulia, Ma.

1006
00:49:17,092 --> 00:49:18,510
Mimi itakuwa haki ya nje.

1007
00:49:18,510 --> 00:49:20,270
>> -Mimi nilikuwa kupata karibu na sasa.

1008
00:49:20,270 --> 00:49:21,823
mvutano ilikuwa ya kutisha.

1009
00:49:21,823 --> 00:49:23,045
Ilikuwa ni nini?

1010
00:49:23,045 --> 00:49:26,510
Hatima ya dunia inaweza
hutegemea katika mizani.

1011
00:49:26,510 --> 00:49:28,985
>> -Ralphie, Randy gotta go.

1012
00:49:28,985 --> 00:49:32,680
>> -I'll kuwa haki ya nje kwa ajili ya
kelele kubwa.

1013
00:49:32,680 --> 00:49:33,956
>> -Karibu huko.

1014
00:49:33,956 --> 00:49:35,140
Vidole yangu akaruka.

1015
00:49:35,140 --> 00:49:36,880
Mawazo yangu yalikuwa ni mtego chuma.

1016
00:49:36,880 --> 00:49:38,010
Kila pore vibrated.

1017
00:49:38,010 --> 00:49:39,878
Ilikuwa karibu wazi.

1018
00:49:39,878 --> 00:49:43,210
Ndiyo, ndiyo, ndiyo, ndiyo, ndiyo.

1019
00:49:43,210 --> 00:49:49,030
>> -Kuwa na uhakika na kunywa Ovaltine yako.

1020
00:49:49,030 --> 00:49:50,280
Ovaltine?

1021
00:49:50,280 --> 00:49:53,980

1022
00:49:53,980 --> 00:49:55,230
kibiashara crummy?

1023
00:49:55,230 --> 00:49:58,572

1024
00:49:58,572 --> 00:50:00,694
Mwana wa bitch.

1025
00:50:00,694 --> 00:50:01,900
>> [MWISHO video avspelning]

1026
00:50:01,900 --> 00:50:04,260
>> SPIKA 1: Hii ni CS50, na kwamba
itakuwa Tatizo Set Mbili.

1027
00:50:04,260 --> 00:50:06,305
Kuona wewe wiki ijayo.

1028
00:50:06,305 --> 00:50:08,800
>> SPIKA 2: Wakati ujao
CS50, hii hutokea.

1029
00:50:08,800 --> 00:50:11,060
>> SPIKA 1: Hivyo moja ya mada hatuna
inaonekana katika hivi sasa ni

1030
00:50:11,060 --> 00:50:12,220
kwamba kazi ya kuyatumia.

1031
00:50:12,220 --> 00:50:14,540
Sasa, pointer kazi ni tu
anwani ya umma

1032
00:50:14,540 --> 00:50:17,000
kazi, lakini kama ilivyo -

1033
00:50:17,000 --> 00:50:18,250
mwana wa -

1034
00:50:18,250 --> 00:50:19,670