1
00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:12,510

2
00:00:12,510 --> 00:00:13,870
>> ROB: Kull dritt.

3
00:00:13,870 --> 00:00:16,770
Merħba lill-ewwel taqsima.

4
00:00:16,770 --> 00:00:17,480
Jien Rob.

5
00:00:17,480 --> 00:00:18,806
>> JOSEPH: Jien Joseph.

6
00:00:18,806 --> 00:00:21,540
>> ROB: Allura aħna ser adsa dritt pulzieri

7
00:00:21,540 --> 00:00:23,420
Ewwel ħaġa biex jitkellmu dwar
huwa l-Appliance.

8
00:00:23,420 --> 00:00:27,150
Hekk nisperaw ħafna għandek
jitniżżel dan diġà.

9
00:00:27,150 --> 00:00:37,180
Iżda int tista 'tara l-istruzzjonijiet
fil cs50.net/appliance.

10
00:00:37,180 --> 00:00:38,430
Oh god, issa jien awto-konxja.

11
00:00:38,430 --> 00:00:44,590

12
00:00:44,590 --> 00:00:45,430
I still tismagħha.

13
00:00:45,430 --> 00:00:47,232
>> JOSEPH: Ara naqra, li ħsejjes simili
huwa disoriented.

14
00:00:47,232 --> 00:00:52,460
>> ROB: Allura xi nies ġew wara
kwistjonijiet ma 'dan, sabiex ma stenna sakemm

15
00:00:52,460 --> 00:00:54,940
l-aħħar minuta tal-problema stabbiliti biex
jippruvaw isolvu l-Appliance u

16
00:00:54,940 --> 00:00:56,320
konstatazzjoni li huwa ma tkunx qed taħdem.

17
00:00:56,320 --> 00:00:59,010
>> JOSEPH: U jekk xi ħaġa ma tkunx qed taħdem
u għandek bżonn għajnuna, inti tista 'tmur

18
00:00:59,010 --> 00:01:03,390
cs50.net/discussion fejn aħna
forum fejn inti

19
00:01:03,390 --> 00:01:04,110
jistgħu wara l-mistoqsijiet tiegħek.

20
00:01:04,110 --> 00:01:06,655
U aħna ser tingħata lilhom eventwalment.

21
00:01:06,655 --> 00:01:07,490
>> ROB: Kull dritt.

22
00:01:07,490 --> 00:01:12,180
Allura dan huwa dak li l-Appliance
Dehra.

23
00:01:12,180 --> 00:01:15,480
Għal darb'oħra, huwa biss kompletament separata
sistema operattiva jaħdem fi żmien

24
00:01:15,480 --> 00:01:19,440
kwalunkwe sistema operattiva inti
taħdem fuq laptop tiegħek.

25
00:01:19,440 --> 00:01:24,450
U l-affarijiet ewlenin li inti ser
tkun qed tuża huma gedit.

26
00:01:24,450 --> 00:01:28,050
Allura nisperaw li dan diġà
issir sit familjari.

27
00:01:28,050 --> 00:01:29,470
Il-terminal.

28
00:01:29,470 --> 00:01:31,890
>> U inti tista 'wkoll tmexxi Chrome
fil-Appliance.

29
00:01:31,890 --> 00:01:33,860
Kien hemm koppja ta 'nies
li jkunu rrapportaw internet

30
00:01:33,860 --> 00:01:35,390
ma jaħdmux fil-Appliance.

31
00:01:35,390 --> 00:01:38,090
U xi wħud minnhom għadhom kif assuma
li hemm mhux suppost ikunu

32
00:01:38,090 --> 00:01:39,190
internet fil-Appliance.

33
00:01:39,190 --> 00:01:40,750
Iżda iva, hemm suppost
li jkun internet.

34
00:01:40,750 --> 00:01:44,000

35
00:01:44,000 --> 00:01:46,410
>> I ser jgħidu dan id-dritt issa, iżda ma
verament tfisser xejn.

36
00:01:46,410 --> 00:01:50,680
Jekk l-internet ma tkunx qed taħdem,
dan huwa dak li inti għandek tendenza li jeħtieġ

37
00:01:50,680 --> 00:01:52,180
run biex jiffissaw dan.

38
00:01:52,180 --> 00:01:55,602
Jekk qed ikollok kwistjonijiet internet, ma
tiftakar, biss jimpustah fuq

39
00:01:55,602 --> 00:01:57,560
Iddiskuti, u aħna ser ngħidu, run dan.

40
00:01:57,560 --> 00:02:00,420
Iżda l-internet għandha tkun qed taħdem.

41
00:02:00,420 --> 00:02:06,650
>> Allura l-unika ħaġa oħra - yeah, xejn
inkella huwa verament rilevanti.

42
00:02:06,650 --> 00:02:08,979
Imma jien biss riedu li jiġi mfakkar li -

43
00:02:08,979 --> 00:02:13,290
Ara f'dan ir-kantuniera qiegħ dritt.

44
00:02:13,290 --> 00:02:16,530
Allura kull wieħed mill tiegħek apparat għandhom
jkollu indirizz IP.

45
00:02:16,530 --> 00:02:22,350
U aktar tard fil-semestru, dan IP
indirizz se jsiru aktar rilevanti meta

46
00:02:22,350 --> 00:02:27,230
qed jaħdmu fuq il-web p-set, għaliex
inti ser tkun tista 'aċċess għall-

47
00:02:27,230 --> 00:02:32,310
website inti qed jaħdmu fuq mill tiegħek
Chrome lokali billi tuża dan l-indirizz IP.

48
00:02:32,310 --> 00:02:35,400
>> Imma dak I simili għall-użu l-indirizz IP
għal - u inti ma għandekx tagħmel dan, I

49
00:02:35,400 --> 00:02:37,460
biss trid punt out -

50
00:02:37,460 --> 00:02:39,540
huwa hawnhekk.

51
00:02:39,540 --> 00:02:42,910
Allura dan huwa tieqa terminal fuq
Mac tiegħi, dan mhuwiex fil-

52
00:02:42,910 --> 00:02:44,580
Appliance fil-livelli kollha.

53
00:02:44,580 --> 00:02:47,190
U inti tista 'tfittex up dak
dan il-kmand ma.

54
00:02:47,190 --> 00:02:51,855
Imma jien ser SSH direttament
li Appliance tiegħi.

55
00:02:51,855 --> 00:02:53,410
I do not know dak l-IP hu.

56
00:02:53,410 --> 00:02:54,300
>> JOSEPH: 168 -

57
00:02:54,300 --> 00:02:56,080
>> 168.224.1.0.

58
00:02:56,080 --> 00:02:59,950
>> ROB: Allura ladarba jien jsir
ma 'dan, log pulzieri

59
00:02:59,950 --> 00:03:05,450
Issa, bażikament, dan huwa identiku għal
tieqa terminal fi ħdan Appliance tiegħi.

60
00:03:05,450 --> 00:03:10,280
So I pretty ħafna qatt effettivament maħduma
minn ġewwa l-Appliance innifsu.

61
00:03:10,280 --> 00:03:12,550
I biss dejjem għaddej
fl-isfond minimizzat

62
00:03:12,550 --> 00:03:15,890
u SSHed fih.

63
00:03:15,890 --> 00:03:24,270
>> Il-kwistjoni ma 'dan huwa inti mhux ser
biex tkun tista 'tuża gedit faċilment

64
00:03:24,270 --> 00:03:25,600
direttament minn dan.

65
00:03:25,600 --> 00:03:31,500
Iżda jekk inti tixtieq li tkun jibred reali
Hacker, imbagħad inti għandek tikseb użati għal

66
00:03:31,500 --> 00:03:34,220
linja tal-kmand editur test xorta waħda.

67
00:03:34,220 --> 00:03:39,620
Allura Vim u Emacs u Nano, dawn kollha
huma alternattivi differenti.

68
00:03:39,620 --> 00:03:41,560
Nano tendenza li jkun l-eħfef.

69
00:03:41,560 --> 00:03:45,006
U naħseb li m'għandha l-ebda
sintassi tenfasizza.

70
00:03:45,006 --> 00:03:47,620
Oh, no, totalment ma.

71
00:03:47,620 --> 00:03:49,870
Allura inti tista 'tuża Nano, għaliex
li wieħed pjuttost faċli.

72
00:03:49,870 --> 00:03:52,000
>> Tara kollha dawn il-kmandijiet
fil-qiegħ.

73
00:03:52,000 --> 00:03:54,750
Dan is-simbolu carrot ftit.

74
00:03:54,750 --> 00:03:57,620
Jekk inti ma bbenefikawx qabel, inti ser
probabbilment tara ħafna issa.

75
00:03:57,620 --> 00:04:02,350
Dan ġeneralment ifisser il-kontroll zunnarija,
bħall-qiegħ tax-xellug tal-tastiera tiegħek

76
00:04:02,350 --> 00:04:04,130
karattru kontroll.

77
00:04:04,130 --> 00:04:07,260
Allura hawnhekk huwa javżak me down hawn -

78
00:04:07,260 --> 00:04:08,710
oh, mhuwiex cut off jekk I zoom pulzieri

79
00:04:08,710 --> 00:04:11,040
Allura Control, X huwa kif
Jien ser ħruġ.

80
00:04:11,040 --> 00:04:14,710
U jgħid I tista 'tolqot Y għal
Iva, għall-iffrankar, N għall No

81
00:04:14,710 --> 00:04:17,190
Allura dak Nano.

82
00:04:17,190 --> 00:04:22,860
>> Vim u Emacs għandhom tendenza li jkunu ftit aktar
ikkumplikat u assoluta.

83
00:04:22,860 --> 00:04:28,840
Iżda int tista 'tikseb użati biex dan,
u allura inti ser imħabba tiegħu.

84
00:04:28,840 --> 00:04:30,590
Allura dak li.

85
00:04:30,590 --> 00:04:31,720
>> JOSEPH: Ebda ħtieġa biex tagħmel dan.

86
00:04:31,720 --> 00:04:31,840
>> ROB: Yeah.

87
00:04:31,840 --> 00:04:37,510
Inti liberu li tuża gedit għall-
bqija tas-semestru.

88
00:04:37,510 --> 00:04:40,630
Allura xi mistoqsijiet relatati mal-apparat?

89
00:04:40,630 --> 00:04:42,820
Jew għandek xi ħsibijiet dwar x'iktar
jeħtieġ li jiġu mitkellma dwar dwar

90
00:04:42,820 --> 00:04:43,610
l-appliance?

91
00:04:43,610 --> 00:04:43,996
Iva.

92
00:04:43,996 --> 00:04:47,720
>> SPEAKER 1: Meta inti SSHed fis tiegħek
ħaġa, kien il-Crimson password?

93
00:04:47,720 --> 00:04:48,390
>> ROB: Yeah.

94
00:04:48,390 --> 00:04:50,170
Il-password għal kollox pretty ħafna
fil-Appliance huwa għaddej

95
00:04:50,170 --> 00:04:52,473
li jkun Crimson.

96
00:04:52,473 --> 00:04:56,517
>> SPEAKER 2: Installa bħal IDE reali
fuq l-appliance, se taħdem?

97
00:04:56,517 --> 00:04:59,200

98
00:04:59,200 --> 00:05:07,290
>> ROB: Nimmaġina Eclipse ma jkollhom
Verżjoni Fedora, f'liema każ, iva,

99
00:05:07,290 --> 00:05:08,420
inti tista 'tagħmel dan.

100
00:05:08,420 --> 00:05:10,875
Huwa probabbilment ma verament worth it.

101
00:05:10,875 --> 00:05:11,742
>> SPEAKER 2: OK.

102
00:05:11,742 --> 00:05:15,924
Allura huwa probabbilment aktar faċli jekk jien ridt li
użu Eclipse, biss tuża l-nattivi u

103
00:05:15,924 --> 00:05:17,646
imbagħad upload sabiex -

104
00:05:17,646 --> 00:05:21,090
>> ROB: Oh, li huwa wkoll probabbilment aktar faċli.

105
00:05:21,090 --> 00:05:24,046
Iżda int tista 'tikseb dan jaħdmu
fil-Appliance.

106
00:05:24,046 --> 00:05:27,740
>> JOSEPH: U għall-camera, il-kwistjoni
kien, inti tista 'tinstalla ieħor

107
00:05:27,740 --> 00:05:29,490
IDE ġewwa tal-Appliance?

108
00:05:29,490 --> 00:05:31,520
>> ROB: Eclipse jkunu ta '
Eżempju ta 'IDE.

109
00:05:31,520 --> 00:05:34,800

110
00:05:34,800 --> 00:05:36,050
Kwalunkwe mistoqsijiet oħra Appliance?

111
00:05:36,050 --> 00:05:38,250

112
00:05:38,250 --> 00:05:38,680
Kull dritt.

113
00:05:38,680 --> 00:05:44,920
>> Allura aħna issa se ngħaddi biex linja ta 'kmand
affarijiet relatati mal-interface, hekk CLI.

114
00:05:44,920 --> 00:05:47,990
U għal darb'oħra, jien biss ser jaħdmu
hawn, għaliex dan huwa identiku għal

115
00:05:47,990 --> 00:05:52,780
jaħdmu fi ħdan tieqa terminal
fil-Appliance.

116
00:05:52,780 --> 00:05:54,160
Kif jgħid li font tfittex?

117
00:05:54,160 --> 00:05:55,970
Hija li kbir biżżejjed?

118
00:05:55,970 --> 00:05:57,000
Kull dritt.

119
00:05:57,000 --> 00:06:02,480
>> Allura hemm ħafna ta 'kmandi li
għandek tikseb pretty użati biex

120
00:06:02,480 --> 00:06:04,490
matul il-semestru.

121
00:06:04,490 --> 00:06:09,480
Il-big tnejn għan-navigazzjoni huma ls, lista
il-fajls f'dan id-direttorju; u

122
00:06:09,480 --> 00:06:11,380
cd, sabiex jibdlu l-direttorju.

123
00:06:11,380 --> 00:06:18,390
So I jista 'bidla għall-desktop u mbagħad
mudell komuni ħafna huwa cd għal

124
00:06:18,390 --> 00:06:22,550
direttorju u immedjatament ls
X'hemm fil-direttorju.

125
00:06:22,550 --> 00:06:25,540
>> Nies wkoll kultant ma jirrealizzaw
li t-tlestija Tab hija ħaġa.

126
00:06:25,540 --> 00:06:28,370
Cd Allura simili, VH, u mbagħad I hit Tab.

127
00:06:28,370 --> 00:06:30,790
I kważi qatt tip out
il-ħaġa sħiħa.

128
00:06:30,790 --> 00:06:32,920
U mbagħad jekk I iżommu laqtu Tab
għal darb'oħra, dan ser awtomatikament

129
00:06:32,920 --> 00:06:33,670
tibda elenkar għalija.

130
00:06:33,670 --> 00:06:37,000
So I tista vhosts cd, ospitanti lokali.

131
00:06:37,000 --> 00:06:39,880
U li jinsab biss ser -

132
00:06:39,880 --> 00:06:43,380
fil-każ li inti ma smajt it-terminu
qabel, id-direttorju huwa biss kelma oħra

133
00:06:43,380 --> 00:06:45,170
għall-folder.

134
00:06:45,170 --> 00:06:49,930
Allura issa jekk tara -

135
00:06:49,930 --> 00:06:51,810
ejja idaħħlu dak għall-quċċata.

136
00:06:51,810 --> 00:06:55,380
>> Mela issa jekk inti tara fil-parentesi, inti
tara l-tilde ftit, slash, vhost,

137
00:06:55,380 --> 00:06:56,810
mmejla, ospitanti lokali.

138
00:06:56,810 --> 00:07:00,040
Allura l-tilde, li jirreferi
għal direttorju dar tiegħi.

139
00:07:00,040 --> 00:07:03,090
Huwa direttorju int
fil meta inti SSH pulzieri

140
00:07:03,090 --> 00:07:05,660
Hu l-direttorju int fil meta
inti tiftaħ terminal.

141
00:07:05,660 --> 00:07:08,650
Huwa fejn tibda.

142
00:07:08,650 --> 00:07:13,110
U hekk jien ġewwa ta 'direttorju dar tiegħi,
u jien ġewwa tal-vhost

143
00:07:13,110 --> 00:07:14,475
ġewwa direttorju ta 'direttorju dar tiegħi.

144
00:07:14,475 --> 00:07:19,670
U allura jien ġewwa tal-lokali
jospita direttorju ġewwa ta 'dan.

145
00:07:19,670 --> 00:07:23,740
>> Allura xi affarijiet oħra utli bil cd -

146
00:07:23,740 --> 00:07:29,220
jew ukoll, b'mod ġenerali, hekk dot dejjem
tirreferi għall-direttorju kurrenti.

147
00:07:29,220 --> 00:07:31,130
Cd, dot huwa kmand pretty siwi.

148
00:07:31,130 --> 00:07:35,150
Imma dak li jinbidlu l-
direttorju kurrenti.

149
00:07:35,150 --> 00:07:38,230
A waħda aktar utli f'termini ta '
cd hija dot, dot, li hija

150
00:07:38,230 --> 00:07:40,220
biss jmorru up direttorju wieħed.

151
00:07:40,220 --> 00:07:43,360
>> U jinnota li dawn -

152
00:07:43,360 --> 00:07:48,610
Irrid ngħid psewdonimi, iżda dawn
simboli, dot, u dot, dot, dawk ix-xogħol

153
00:07:48,610 --> 00:07:51,740
għal pretty ħafna xi kmand int
ser tkun ħsieb ta 'tmexxija.

154
00:07:51,740 --> 00:07:55,370
Cd hekk like huwa probabbilment fejn inti ser tkun
użu l-aktar, iżda dawn mhumiex

155
00:07:55,370 --> 00:07:56,780
affarijiet li biss cd jifhem.

156
00:07:56,780 --> 00:07:59,980
Huwa pjuttost ħafna xi ħaġa kollu tiegħek
linja ta 'kmand jifhem.

157
00:07:59,980 --> 00:08:01,932
A lott ta 'programmi jifhmu
dot u dot, dot.

158
00:08:01,932 --> 00:08:04,830

159
00:08:04,830 --> 00:08:09,090
>> Allura l-oħrajn utli - cd, sing.

160
00:08:09,090 --> 00:08:13,460
Allura li huwa ser iġibu me lill-
aħħar direttorju li I kien pulzieri

161
00:08:13,460 --> 00:08:15,980
So kultant I ser tagħmel xi ħaġa simili,
oh, jien jaħdmu fil hawn.

162
00:08:15,980 --> 00:08:21,110
U nara xi żball ma 'xi ħaġa, u
I ser imorru investigat billi tmur

163
00:08:21,110 --> 00:08:24,020
xi direttorju każwali x'imkien.

164
00:08:24,020 --> 00:08:25,260
U jien ma nafx jekk inneħħu
let me fil hemmhekk.

165
00:08:25,260 --> 00:08:25,720
Hija se.

166
00:08:25,720 --> 00:08:27,615
Mela allura I do x'ikun nixtieq
f'dan id-direttorju.

167
00:08:27,615 --> 00:08:28,950
Blah, blah, blah, blah, blah.

168
00:08:28,950 --> 00:08:31,770
And I kien simili, id-dritt, nixtieq
li jmorru lura lejn fejn I kien.

169
00:08:31,770 --> 00:08:34,490
cd, sing, u jġib me dritt lura.

170
00:08:34,490 --> 00:08:39,970
>> Hekk jien ser tarmi ħafna
ta 'dawn fi inti illum.

171
00:08:39,970 --> 00:08:43,730
I ma jistennew li inti memorize
kull wieħed minnhom.

172
00:08:43,730 --> 00:08:46,170
Huwa tip ta 'biss jafu
li dawn jeżistu.

173
00:08:46,170 --> 00:08:48,690
U mbagħad aktar tard meta int simili,
hmm, Irrid immur lura għall-

174
00:08:48,690 --> 00:08:51,870
direttorju li I kien biss fi, oh, stenna,
xi ħaġa bħal dik teżisti.

175
00:08:51,870 --> 00:08:53,980
Inti ma għandekx biss tip
l-direttorju kollu mill-ġdid.

176
00:08:53,980 --> 00:08:56,090
>> JOSEPH: U eventwalment inti se biss
jużawhom aktar u aktar mill-ġdid, u

177
00:08:56,090 --> 00:08:57,830
li ser issir memorja tal-muskoli.

178
00:08:57,830 --> 00:09:00,090
>> ROB: Yeah.

179
00:09:00,090 --> 00:09:02,930
Allura kif għidt qabel, li tilde
huwa direttorju dar tiegħek.

180
00:09:02,930 --> 00:09:04,820
So I tista cd, tilde.

181
00:09:04,820 --> 00:09:07,280
Imma jien ma jkollhomx biex
tagħmel li jekk I biss -

182
00:09:07,280 --> 00:09:09,760
I ser imorru lura lejn il-direttorju hekk
mhuwiex eżempju inutli.

183
00:09:09,760 --> 00:09:14,560
Imma jekk I biss tagħmel cd, li wkoll l-
istess bħal, mur direttorju dar tiegħi.

184
00:09:14,560 --> 00:09:18,380

185
00:09:18,380 --> 00:09:19,880
I do Kmand, K.

186
00:09:19,880 --> 00:09:24,015
>> JOSEPH: Tista 'wkoll tip ċara, l-
kelma, u għandu ċar dan.

187
00:09:24,015 --> 00:09:28,650
>> ROB: U naħseb ukoll Kontroll,
L wkoll tagħmlu.

188
00:09:28,650 --> 00:09:29,690
Allura ħafna modi differenti.

189
00:09:29,690 --> 00:09:34,070
Naħseb li hemm xi differenzi fejn
ċar u Kontroll, L se biss

190
00:09:34,070 --> 00:09:37,280
verament timbotta lill-quċċata u
I xorta jistgħu iscroll lura.

191
00:09:37,280 --> 00:09:40,580
Kmand, K litteralment jeqred
kollox, u inti

192
00:09:40,580 --> 00:09:42,960
ma tistax iscroll back up.

193
00:09:42,960 --> 00:09:45,530
Għall-inqas, li l-
kif din taħdem fil iTerm2.

194
00:09:45,530 --> 00:09:48,690
I do not know kif affarijiet oħra -

195
00:09:48,690 --> 00:09:49,360
oh.

196
00:09:49,360 --> 00:09:55,450
>> Bil SSHing, hekk jekk inti fuq Windows,
int ser jkollhom biex tniżżel stokk

197
00:09:55,450 --> 00:10:02,360
sabiex SSH peress Windows ma
jkollhom bħal għodda mibnija fil SSH.

198
00:10:02,360 --> 00:10:06,150
Minn MACs, inti tista 'sempliċement SSH direttament
minn tieqa terminal.

199
00:10:06,150 --> 00:10:08,755

200
00:10:08,755 --> 00:10:09,690
OK.

201
00:10:09,690 --> 00:10:11,840
Mistoqsijiet?

202
00:10:11,840 --> 00:10:19,260
>> Bil ls, so xi ħaġa biex jidraw
mal-maġġoranza ta 'dawn il-kmandijiet hu -

203
00:10:19,260 --> 00:10:20,060
ukoll, I ser biss tagħmel waħda.

204
00:10:20,060 --> 00:10:21,310
Ls, sing, l.

205
00:10:21,310 --> 00:10:26,330
Allura sing, l huwa dak li aħna qed tmur
li jsejjaħ bandiera ls.

206
00:10:26,330 --> 00:10:30,770
U ħafna ta 'dawn il-kmandijiet jkollhom bnadar
li inti tista 'tgħaddi lilhom.

207
00:10:30,770 --> 00:10:35,020
Allura f'dan il-każ, sing, l hija bandiera
li jgħidlek li tagħti me sħiħa

208
00:10:35,020 --> 00:10:37,850
elenkar ta 'l-informazzjoni kollha
ta 'dawn il-fajls.

209
00:10:37,850 --> 00:10:44,790
>> Allura naraw hawnhekk li desktop kienet
modifikat 30 ta 'Lulju fil 00:54.

210
00:10:44,790 --> 00:10:47,160
Downloads ġie modifikat 6 Settembru.

211
00:10:47,160 --> 00:10:52,350
Dawn huma d-daqs attwali u
bytes ta 'dawn id-direttorji.

212
00:10:52,350 --> 00:10:54,412
Inti ma għandekx li wieħed jifhem
kollha ta 'dan.

213
00:10:54,412 --> 00:11:00,380
>> Dan il-għalf fuq ix-xellug, dawn tal drwx,
li ser issir ħafna aktar rilevanti

214
00:11:00,380 --> 00:11:02,290
aktar tard meta jkollok biex jittrattaw -

215
00:11:02,290 --> 00:11:05,900
li għandha x'taqsam ma 'min għandu l-permessi
li tħares lejn dawn il-fajls.

216
00:11:05,900 --> 00:11:09,880
U hekk jekk inti ma kinux l-uniku utent fuq
dan il-kompjuter, inti tkun tista '

217
00:11:09,880 --> 00:11:13,345
jiġifieri, OK, I għandu jkun l-uniku wieħed
permessi li tħares lejn dan il-fajl jew jien

218
00:11:13,345 --> 00:11:14,870
se jippermettu lil kulħadd
li tħares lejn dan il-fajl.

219
00:11:14,870 --> 00:11:17,710
Allura xi ħadd ieħor fuq il-kompjuter tiegħi
tista 'tħares lejn dan il-fajl.

220
00:11:17,710 --> 00:11:22,190

221
00:11:22,190 --> 00:11:25,600
I lanqas biss jafu liema dan -
dan xi tagħmel?

222
00:11:25,600 --> 00:11:26,840
>> JOSEPH: Jien ma pjuttost ċert, attwalment.

223
00:11:26,840 --> 00:11:27,705
>> ROB: L-ebda idea.

224
00:11:27,705 --> 00:11:30,530
>> JOSEPH: Imma jekk inti ma taf, hemm
kmand utli li tista 'tuża

225
00:11:30,530 --> 00:11:31,680
biex jgħidlek liema l-output mezzi.

226
00:11:31,680 --> 00:11:33,780
U jekk inti tip fil-bniedem
qabel l-kmand -

227
00:11:33,780 --> 00:11:35,000
hekk M-A-N. ROB: Man.

228
00:11:35,000 --> 00:11:37,690
Allura raġel ieħor huwa wieħed
li huwa utli ħafna.

229
00:11:37,690 --> 00:11:39,540
U l-bniedem, ls.

230
00:11:39,540 --> 00:11:47,320
Allura l-paġni bniedem, huma għandhom kemm
jikkmanda li int ser tkun qed tuża

231
00:11:47,320 --> 00:11:50,330
fil-linja tal-kmand, u huma wkoll għandhom
funzjonijiet li se jkunu rilevanti

232
00:11:50,330 --> 00:11:52,530
mal C. Allura inti tista bniedem -

233
00:11:52,530 --> 00:11:53,720
u I injorati 3.

234
00:11:53,720 --> 00:11:57,410
Iżda raġel 3 printf se ġġib
up-verżjoni C tal printf.

235
00:11:57,410 --> 00:12:01,030
Imma jekk jien biss ma printf bniedem, dan huwa
ser iġibu l-printf kmand

236
00:12:01,030 --> 00:12:03,540
li jiġri fil-linja tal-kmand.

237
00:12:03,540 --> 00:12:05,730
>> Allura bniedem, ls.

238
00:12:05,730 --> 00:12:09,030
Il-paġni bniedem jista 'jkun pjuttost
kbira.

239
00:12:09,030 --> 00:12:12,770
Hawnhekk, għalkemm, tkun taf tara din il-lista
kollha ta 'dawn il-bnadar li ls

240
00:12:12,770 --> 00:12:14,300
jifhem.

241
00:12:14,300 --> 00:12:17,876
Hekk jekk immorru sing, l, u -

242
00:12:17,876 --> 00:12:19,300
Jien biss se tarmi dan fi inti.

243
00:12:19,300 --> 00:12:23,050
Iżda sabiex tfittxija, trid
l-ewwel laqat il-mistoqsija

244
00:12:23,050 --> 00:12:24,780
marka jew buttuna slash.

245
00:12:24,780 --> 00:12:26,040
Allura mmejla.

246
00:12:26,040 --> 00:12:29,000
>> U mbagħad I tista 'tfittex
għal kwalunkwe irrid.

247
00:12:29,000 --> 00:12:33,780
So I m ser mmejla għall sing, l.

248
00:12:33,780 --> 00:12:35,110
U hemm kien.

249
00:12:35,110 --> 00:12:37,450
Allura l-użu ta 'format elenkar twil.

250
00:12:37,450 --> 00:12:40,060
Dan ma għinni ċifra barra dak
f'dik il-kolonna partikolari fisser, imma I

251
00:12:40,060 --> 00:12:44,480
jassumi x'imkien fil hawn
dan jispjega dan.

252
00:12:44,480 --> 00:12:48,740
Sabiex jużaw il-paġni bniedem għal kwalunkwe kmand
li ma tifhimx immedjatament.

253
00:12:48,740 --> 00:12:51,080
>> Im pretty żgur li int tista 'anki bniedem, il-bniedem.

254
00:12:51,080 --> 00:12:53,070
Interface għall-onlajn
manwali ta 'referenza.

255
00:12:53,070 --> 00:12:57,700

256
00:12:57,700 --> 00:13:03,570
Oh, wieħed aħħar waħda li forsi ftit
ls rilevanti huwa, sing, a.

257
00:13:03,570 --> 00:13:08,490
So avviż jekk I biss ma ls,
I nikseb dawn il-ħames fajls.

258
00:13:08,490 --> 00:13:11,480
Jekk I do ls, sing, a, I
jiksbu ħafna aktar files.

259
00:13:11,480 --> 00:13:15,350
Allura l-ħaġa komuni bejn dawn kollha
fajls ġodda huwa l-dot qabel.

260
00:13:15,350 --> 00:13:21,220
>> Allura l-konvenzjoni huwa li fajl li
jibda bit-tikka hija moħbija.

261
00:13:21,220 --> 00:13:25,300
Allura inti ma tridx tara dan il-fajl, inti
ma tridx li jkollhom dan mess ma '

262
00:13:25,300 --> 00:13:26,750
elenkar tad-direttorju tiegħek.

263
00:13:26,750 --> 00:13:30,020
Huwa biss meta inti titlob espliċitament,
id-dritt, ls, sing, a, urini.

264
00:13:30,020 --> 00:13:32,830
L-a stands għall-fajls kollha,
inklużi dawk moħbija.

265
00:13:32,830 --> 00:13:37,260

266
00:13:37,260 --> 00:13:39,270
Allura xi kmandi oħra.

267
00:13:39,270 --> 00:13:41,323
Oh, mistoqsijiet f'dak il-punt?

268
00:13:41,323 --> 00:13:41,746
Iva.

269
00:13:41,746 --> 00:13:45,914
>> SPEAKER 3: Meta inti tagħmel ls,
a, x'inhu l-dot, dot?

270
00:13:45,914 --> 00:13:46,870
>> ROB: Oh.

271
00:13:46,870 --> 00:13:48,780
Allura dan huwa dak I kien jitkellem dwar.

272
00:13:48,780 --> 00:13:50,890
Huwa l-istess ħaġa fejn
I tista simili cd, dot, dot.

273
00:13:50,890 --> 00:13:56,790
Allura teknikament, dot u dot, dot huma
fajls li jeżistu f'kull wieħed

274
00:13:56,790 --> 00:14:03,620
direttorju fejn il-dot fajl jirreferi
għall-direttorju kurrenti.

275
00:14:03,620 --> 00:14:06,930
Mela jekk jien cd, dot, jien biss se
jibqgħu fid-direttorju.

276
00:14:06,930 --> 00:14:10,870
U dot, dot dejjem jirreferi għall-
livell direttorju wieħed up qabel.

277
00:14:10,870 --> 00:14:18,200
Hekk jekk I tmur fis zkuk u ls, sing, al,
I ser tara dot, dot. cd dot, dot

278
00:14:18,200 --> 00:14:20,390
jwassalni għall-direttorju preċedenti.

279
00:14:20,390 --> 00:14:24,530

280
00:14:24,530 --> 00:14:25,780
Yeah.

281
00:14:25,780 --> 00:14:27,160

282
00:14:27,160 --> 00:14:28,110
OK.

283
00:14:28,110 --> 00:14:33,070
>> Allura ieħor pretty importanti
kmand huwa rm.

284
00:14:33,070 --> 00:14:35,650
Allura dak hu li aħna qed tmur
tuża biex jitneħħew.

285
00:14:35,650 --> 00:14:38,100
U let me fatt jagħmlu ieħor
kmand ewwel.

286
00:14:38,100 --> 00:14:39,610
Allura mkdir.

287
00:14:39,610 --> 00:14:42,770
Mkdir huwa kif inti tista '
joħolqu direttorji.

288
00:14:42,770 --> 00:14:47,530
U jien ser toħloq direttorju temporanju
u jmorru fil dan id-direttorju temporanju.

289
00:14:47,530 --> 00:14:49,590
U kif mistenni, huwa vojt.

290
00:14:49,590 --> 00:14:53,680
Imma jekk ls I, sing, a, I għad għandhom dot
u dot, dot, minħabba dot jirreferi għal

291
00:14:53,680 --> 00:14:54,480
l-direttorju kurrenti.

292
00:14:54,480 --> 00:14:56,170
U dot, dot tirreferi għall-
direttorju preċedenti.

293
00:14:56,170 --> 00:14:58,700
U dawk dejjem se jeżistu ebda kwistjoni
l-direttorju inti pulzieri

294
00:14:58,700 --> 00:15:01,910

295
00:15:01,910 --> 00:15:09,010
>> U dan huwa kompletament bla bżonn
kmand, iżda touch.

296
00:15:09,010 --> 00:15:11,880
Jien biss tużaha, għaliex dan huwa
mod faċli biex joħolqu fajls.

297
00:15:11,880 --> 00:15:16,180
Allura touch, touch b, touch c huwa biss
se toħloq tliet fajls imsejħa a,

298
00:15:16,180 --> 00:15:17,845
b, u ċ li huma kompletament vojta.

299
00:15:17,845 --> 00:15:20,450

300
00:15:20,450 --> 00:15:24,980
Għalhekk il-punt ta 'lili ħolqien dawk fil-
ewwel post huwa biss hekk li rm hija

301
00:15:24,980 --> 00:15:26,250
kif nistgħu tneħħihom.

302
00:15:26,250 --> 00:15:27,850
Allura rm, a.

303
00:15:27,850 --> 00:15:30,960
Huwa ser jistaqsu lili, neħħi
regolari vojta file a?

304
00:15:30,960 --> 00:15:33,170
U mbagħad I ser jgħidu Iva.

305
00:15:33,170 --> 00:15:39,090
>> Mela jekk jien taf fiċ-ċert li nixtieq li
iħassar il-fajl mingħajr ma jkun

306
00:15:39,090 --> 00:15:44,500
imqanqla, neħħi fajl vojt regolari?,
imbagħad rm, sing, f se tkun l-

307
00:15:44,500 --> 00:15:48,230
bandiera li tgħid, seħħ titneħħa mingħajr
anki suġġeriment me, oh, int

308
00:15:48,230 --> 00:15:49,710
żgur li trid tħassar il-fajl?

309
00:15:49,710 --> 00:15:50,810
Iva, jien ċert.

310
00:15:50,810 --> 00:15:56,050
Allura rm, sing, fb se biss
tagħmel dan mingħajr ma titlob.

311
00:15:56,050 --> 00:15:57,950
>> Mela ejja jagħmlu xi direttorji aktar.

312
00:15:57,950 --> 00:16:03,670
mkdir, tmp2, cd, tmp2,
touch, touch b.

313
00:16:03,670 --> 00:16:04,300
OK.

314
00:16:04,300 --> 00:16:08,180
Allura issa I tixtieq li tneħħi
tmp2 bħala direttorju.

315
00:16:08,180 --> 00:16:10,316
Tmp2 hekk rm.

316
00:16:10,316 --> 00:16:12,920
Inti ma tistax tneħħi tmp2,
huwa direttorju.

317
00:16:12,920 --> 00:16:21,370
Allura l-kwistjoni hawnhekk hija li rm ma
immedjatament jaħdmu fuq direttorji.

318
00:16:21,370 --> 00:16:26,530
Huwa maħsub biss għall-fajls simili
fajls mhux direttorju.

319
00:16:26,530 --> 00:16:30,800
>> U għalhekk dak li nistgħu nagħmlu
hawnhekk huwa rm, sing, r.

320
00:16:30,800 --> 00:16:35,160
Li stands għall recursively, li tista '
ma jfisser xejn għalik s'issa.

321
00:16:35,160 --> 00:16:38,280
Imma meta ikollok recursion,
dan ser ifisser aktar.

322
00:16:38,280 --> 00:16:43,540
Allura rm, sing, r, tmp2 se
recursively tmur fis dan id-direttorju.

323
00:16:43,540 --> 00:16:45,540
Allura jinżlu fil tmp2 direttorju?

324
00:16:45,540 --> 00:16:47,330
Iva, ejja jmorru fil dak.

325
00:16:47,330 --> 00:16:49,360
Do we tixtieq li tneħħi tmp2 / a?

326
00:16:49,360 --> 00:16:49,745
Iva.

327
00:16:49,745 --> 00:16:51,830
Do we tixtieq li tneħħi tmp2 / b?

328
00:16:51,830 --> 00:16:52,840
Iva.

329
00:16:52,840 --> 00:16:55,170
Issa irridu li jitneħħew
l tmp2 direttorju?

330
00:16:55,170 --> 00:16:56,040
Iva.

331
00:16:56,040 --> 00:16:58,410
U hekk issa l-direttorju
u kollox ġewwa

332
00:16:58,410 --> 00:16:59,660
minnu tkun tneħħiet.

333
00:16:59,660 --> 00:17:02,850

334
00:17:02,850 --> 00:17:07,250
>> Teknikament Hemm rmdir kmand
li tista 'tuża biex jitneħħew

335
00:17:07,250 --> 00:17:11,670
direttorji, iżda jaħdem biss
fuq direttorji vojta xorta waħda.

336
00:17:11,670 --> 00:17:14,109
U biex tara li, ejja biss
do mkdir, tmp2 darb'oħra.

337
00:17:14,109 --> 00:17:15,940
Tmp2, touch a.

338
00:17:15,940 --> 00:17:16,800
OK.

339
00:17:16,800 --> 00:17:22,770
Mela jekk jien tipprova tneħħi dirtmp2, inneħħu
jgħidu, direttorju mhux vojta.

340
00:17:22,770 --> 00:17:29,540
So I pretty ħafna qatt ma jużaw titneħħa
kmand dir xorta waħda, minħabba rm, sing,

341
00:17:29,540 --> 00:17:35,140
r se taħdem fuq direttorji vojta
u direttorji mhux vojta.

342
00:17:35,140 --> 00:17:37,760
>> U wkoll, jekk jien ma jridux ikollhom
jgħaddu dak il-proċess kollu ta '

343
00:17:37,760 --> 00:17:40,720
dixxendenti fil-direttorju u
tneħħi kull fajl individwali, rm,

344
00:17:40,720 --> 00:17:44,190
sing, rf, tmp2.

345
00:17:44,190 --> 00:17:45,670
U issa huwa marret.

346
00:17:45,670 --> 00:17:51,220
>> Xi ħaġa li tkun attenta
dwar huwa rm, sing, rf.

347
00:17:51,220 --> 00:17:53,660
U beżgħat me li anki tip li,
għaliex jekk I aċċidentalment

348
00:17:53,660 --> 00:17:55,090
hit Ikteb jew xi ħaġa.

349
00:17:55,090 --> 00:18:02,735
Allura rm, sing, rf, tilde ikun, mingħajr
wassal me, il-f ma pront

350
00:18:02,735 --> 00:18:05,670
me, se tneħħi awtomatikament
direttorju tiegħi dar kollha u

351
00:18:05,670 --> 00:18:06,780
kollox fiha.

352
00:18:06,780 --> 00:18:11,460
Allura inti tista 'taħseb li l-
ħaġa stupid li tagħmel.

353
00:18:11,460 --> 00:18:12,830
U tajjeb, huwa.

354
00:18:12,830 --> 00:18:18,600
>> Imma jista 'jiġri faċilment minn
inċident jekk, ngħidu aħna, jien ridt li jitneħħew

355
00:18:18,600 --> 00:18:21,640
slash tiegħi, direttorju vhost.

356
00:18:21,640 --> 00:18:26,610
U biss fil-ittajpjar malajr,
I aċċidentalment tagħmel dan.

357
00:18:26,610 --> 00:18:31,880
Li se jneħħi recursively kemm tiegħi
direttorju dar u l-direttorju vhost

358
00:18:31,880 --> 00:18:35,450
f'dan id-direttorju partikolari li biss
jiġri li ma jeżistux dritt issa.

359
00:18:35,450 --> 00:18:39,520
Iżda dan xorta tneħħi
direttorju dar kollha tiegħi.

360
00:18:39,520 --> 00:18:43,090
Mill-inqas billi ma jkollu f,
ikun pront me ewwel.

361
00:18:43,090 --> 00:18:45,670
And I d jkun simili, oh, no, I
ma jridux jagħmlu dan.

362
00:18:45,670 --> 00:18:50,570
Iżda n-nies, mmejla, inklużi
me tendenza li tikseb fis-

363
00:18:50,570 --> 00:18:53,090
vizzju ta 'dejjem rf Ing.

364
00:18:53,090 --> 00:18:58,713
Saħansitra fajls regolari li nista 'biss RM,
c, I-tendenza li biss rm, sing, rf, c.

365
00:18:58,713 --> 00:19:01,330
Just ikunu attenti meta int rf Ing.

366
00:19:01,330 --> 00:19:03,160
>> SPEAKER 4: Xi C do?

367
00:19:03,160 --> 00:19:11,570
>> ROB: C huwa jien jitkellem dwar dan il-fajl C
f'dan id-direttorju, li rm, c.

368
00:19:11,570 --> 00:19:15,730
>> JOSEPH: U aktar perikoluż, jekk tuża
stilla, din tirreferi għal kollox

369
00:19:15,730 --> 00:19:16,450
l-direttorju.

370
00:19:16,450 --> 00:19:20,040
Allura dak I normalment tendenza li tagħmel huwa I se
jmorru fi direttorju u nixtieq li

371
00:19:20,040 --> 00:19:21,510
tneħħi l-fajls fil hemmhekk.

372
00:19:21,510 --> 00:19:23,640
Allura rm, sing, rf, star.

373
00:19:23,640 --> 00:19:25,700
>> ROB: Yeah.

374
00:19:25,700 --> 00:19:26,780
Rm, sing, rf, star.

375
00:19:26,780 --> 00:19:29,530
>> JOSEPH: U jekk int ma attenta
dak direttorju int fil -

376
00:19:29,530 --> 00:19:33,340
I ma kienx temperatura, imma I kien aċċidentalment
fl-direttorju dar tiegħi,

377
00:19:33,340 --> 00:19:35,450
imbagħad I ser ineħħi kollox
fl-direttorju dar tiegħi.

378
00:19:35,450 --> 00:19:39,095
U stajt attwalment għamlu dan qabel, u
Naħseb li inti ghamilt dan qabel jew

379
00:19:39,095 --> 00:19:40,640
Jay għamlet dan qabel.

380
00:19:40,640 --> 00:19:42,480
>> ROB: stajt aċċidentalment jitneħħew -

381
00:19:42,480 --> 00:19:44,480
sabiex jinjoraw dak il-kmand għal bit.

382
00:19:44,480 --> 00:19:45,800
>> JOSEPH: Mhux gost.

383
00:19:45,800 --> 00:19:52,650
>> ROB: Allura fid-direttorju bin slash hija
mazz ta 'fajls binarji fejn hemm ser

384
00:19:52,650 --> 00:19:54,840
jkunu dawk familjari bħall clang.

385
00:19:54,840 --> 00:20:00,740
Well, clang u bażikament kollha ta 'dawn
affarijiet li niġri fil-kmand

386
00:20:00,740 --> 00:20:02,060
linja f'dan slash direttorju bin.

387
00:20:02,060 --> 00:20:03,090
>> JOSEPH: Bħal ls hija fil hawn.

388
00:20:03,090 --> 00:20:06,285
>> ROB: Allura dot, mmejla, ls se
lista dan id-direttorju.

389
00:20:06,285 --> 00:20:08,120
>> JOSEPH: Rm hija wkoll f'dan id-direttorju.

390
00:20:08,120 --> 00:20:12,770
>> ROB: I aċċidentalment rm, rf-ed bin,
li neħħiet kull kmand stajt

391
00:20:12,770 --> 00:20:14,380
possibilment qatt trid.

392
00:20:14,380 --> 00:20:18,085
Li mbagħad I biss jerġa 'jiddaħħal
Appliance ġdid f'dak il-punt.

393
00:20:18,085 --> 00:20:20,170
>> JOSEPH: Sabiex ikunu attenti ħafna meta
tuża dan il-kmand.

394
00:20:20,170 --> 00:20:21,120
>> UDJENZA: [inaudible]?

395
00:20:21,120 --> 00:20:22,640
>> ROB: Iva.

396
00:20:22,640 --> 00:20:24,135
Li wkoll drawwa ħażina li jsibu rwieħhom.

397
00:20:24,135 --> 00:20:27,920

398
00:20:27,920 --> 00:20:30,170
Jekk tinnota, jien issa -

399
00:20:30,170 --> 00:20:33,580
ukoll, inti ma tista 'avviż, iżda
tiegħi zoom-in tista 'forsi.

400
00:20:33,580 --> 00:20:35,360
Hekk jien issa root @ appliance.

401
00:20:35,360 --> 00:20:39,790
Allura jharvard huwa l-utent li rridu
inti dejjem tkun qed tuża.

402
00:20:39,790 --> 00:20:43,820
Għeruq huwa l-utent li jkollu l-permess
tagħmel assolutament xejn.

403
00:20:43,820 --> 00:20:50,260
>> So avviż meta jien jharvard,
jekk nipprova cd -

404
00:20:50,260 --> 00:20:52,461
x'hemm direttorju li?

405
00:20:52,461 --> 00:20:53,980
Oh, għeruq huwa eżempju tajjeb.

406
00:20:53,980 --> 00:20:54,950
Allura cd, għerq.

407
00:20:54,950 --> 00:20:56,030
Permess miċħuda.

408
00:20:56,030 --> 00:21:00,060
Għaliex jekk inħarsu lejn din il-lista -

409
00:21:00,060 --> 00:21:02,410
u għal darb'oħra, inti ma għandekx
kompletament jifhmu dan.

410
00:21:02,410 --> 00:21:09,210
Iżda dawn it-tliet dashes qed jgħidu
li ma let kwalunkwe

411
00:21:09,210 --> 00:21:11,120
utent fis dan id-direttorju.

412
00:21:11,120 --> 00:21:14,540
U l-direttorju jiġri li
ikunu proprjetà ta 'għerq utent.

413
00:21:14,540 --> 00:21:20,310
>> Allura l-fatt li jiena jharvard u l-ebda
wieħed li ma jkunx għeruq huwa permess fil

414
00:21:20,310 --> 00:21:23,490
dan id-direttorju, dan ifisser li jien
se tikseb permess miċħuda meta I

415
00:21:23,490 --> 00:21:25,160
jippruvaw cd fis dan.

416
00:21:25,160 --> 00:21:31,370
Allura meta I am għeruq, I jkollhom permess biex
tagħmel assolutament xejn, inklużi

417
00:21:31,370 --> 00:21:34,660
ħassar fajls essenzjali
għall-Appliance u

418
00:21:34,660 --> 00:21:36,640
jeqirdu l-ħaġa sħiħa.

419
00:21:36,640 --> 00:21:41,240
>> Allura huwa drawwa ħażina li jsibu rwieħhom
biss wandering madwar tiegħek

420
00:21:41,240 --> 00:21:43,650
sistema operattiva bħala għerq.

421
00:21:43,650 --> 00:21:46,520
I tagħmel dan xorta waħda.

422
00:21:46,520 --> 00:21:48,710
Mistoqsijiet?

423
00:21:48,710 --> 00:21:52,230
U jien ser toħroġ għerq, waqfa kif jharvard.

424
00:21:52,230 --> 00:21:54,510
OK.

425
00:21:54,510 --> 00:21:55,820
>> Jikkmanda aktar rilevanti.

426
00:21:55,820 --> 00:22:03,975
Allura jmorru lura fis temperatura tagħna, il-
mv kmand stands għall jiċċaqalqu.

427
00:22:03,975 --> 00:22:05,450
Inti tista 'timxi a.

428
00:22:05,450 --> 00:22:07,610
Issa rridu li hija sejħa b,
hekk issa huwa msejjaħ b.

429
00:22:07,610 --> 00:22:10,650
Jew forsi irridu li jimxu
b up direttorju wieħed.

430
00:22:10,650 --> 00:22:12,730
Allura issa dan id-direttorju tal-vojta.

431
00:22:12,730 --> 00:22:15,410
I ser tmur lura għall-direttorju dar tiegħi, u
naraw li b hija hawnhekk, minħabba li l-

432
00:22:15,410 --> 00:22:19,230
direttorju dar kienet waħda direttorju up minn
l-direttorju li b kienu pulzieri

433
00:22:19,230 --> 00:22:24,710

434
00:22:24,710 --> 00:22:26,580
>> Hemm ukoll cp.

435
00:22:26,580 --> 00:22:33,210
Allura cp hija kopja taqsima super,
dot, it-test.

436
00:22:33,210 --> 00:22:35,750
I tista 'sejħa hija s, dot, it-test.

437
00:22:35,750 --> 00:22:39,780
Issa għandna tnejn taqsima super,
dot, it-test, u s, dot, it-test.

438
00:22:39,780 --> 00:22:41,340
Dan jaħdem ukoll fuq direttorji.

439
00:22:41,340 --> 00:22:44,040

440
00:22:44,040 --> 00:22:46,560
I RF-ed f'fajl wieħed.

441
00:22:46,560 --> 00:22:48,200
Allura cp -

442
00:22:48,200 --> 00:22:51,710
ukoll, l-ewwel ejja tipprova cp, PAT, tmp2.

443
00:22:51,710 --> 00:22:53,220
Allura tħalli barra TMP direttorju.

444
00:22:53,220 --> 00:22:57,440
Allura simili għal rm, l-imġieba default
huwa li ma jaħdmux fuq direttorji.

445
00:22:57,440 --> 00:23:01,570
>> U għal darb'oħra, simili għall rm, il-default
imġiba - ukoll, jkollna din taħdem

446
00:23:01,570 --> 00:23:04,230
direttorji huwa, sing-r bogħod.

447
00:23:04,230 --> 00:23:09,240
Allura kopja recursively l-temp
direttorju fis tmp2.

448
00:23:09,240 --> 00:23:13,700
U hekk issa għandna kemm TMP u tmp2,
u li mhix dik utli peress TMP

449
00:23:13,700 --> 00:23:16,814
kien vojt fl-ewwel post.

450
00:23:16,814 --> 00:23:18,660
Tmp2.

451
00:23:18,660 --> 00:23:22,680
>> Issa ejja kopja TMP fis tmp2.

452
00:23:22,680 --> 00:23:27,900
U naraw li tmp2 għandha wkoll il-file
a, għaliex l-direttorju u

453
00:23:27,900 --> 00:23:32,220
kollox ġewwa ta 'dan
direttorju ġie kkupjat.

454
00:23:32,220 --> 00:23:36,000
U li jista 'jkun pjuttost utli
jekk, ngħidu li inti qed jaħdmu

455
00:23:36,000 --> 00:23:38,860
dwar il-problema sett wieħed -

456
00:23:38,860 --> 00:23:41,320
jew fil-fatt, settijiet problema aktar tard huma
saħansitra aktar importanti, għaliex hemm

457
00:23:41,320 --> 00:23:43,660
se jkun mazz sħiħ
ta 'fajls u l-affarijiet.

458
00:23:43,660 --> 00:23:47,010
>> Imma inti biss trid, għall-qasma
tieni, int tixtieq, id-dritt, jien

459
00:23:47,010 --> 00:23:50,210
ser tipprova xi ħaġa differenti.

460
00:23:50,210 --> 00:23:57,860
Let me biss kopja pset1 kollu tiegħi
direttorju fis pset1 backup hekk li jekk

461
00:23:57,860 --> 00:24:01,490
I jispiċċaw screwing affarijiet up, I jista '
jmorru lura fis direttorju backup tiegħi.

462
00:24:01,490 --> 00:24:07,340
Hemm modi aktar xierqa ta '
versioning appoġġ up kodiċi tiegħek, iżda

463
00:24:07,340 --> 00:24:10,610
dan huwa dejjem mod malajr biex biss tagħmel
ċert li jkollok kopja ta 'xi ħaġa

464
00:24:10,610 --> 00:24:11,860
li int ser timmodifika.

465
00:24:11,860 --> 00:24:16,974

466
00:24:16,974 --> 00:24:27,090
>> Allura ECHO huwa wkoll kmand ta 'darba li
tip ta 'sillily se biss print għall-

467
00:24:27,090 --> 00:24:31,540
linja ta 'kmand eżattament dak
int riedu eku.

468
00:24:31,540 --> 00:24:32,680
Allura eku hi.

469
00:24:32,680 --> 00:24:35,420
Aħna ser biss print hi.

470
00:24:35,420 --> 00:24:38,030
Echo bonjour dinja.

471
00:24:38,030 --> 00:24:39,800
Aħna ser istampar bonjour dinja.

472
00:24:39,800 --> 00:24:44,350
Li jidħol fis-użu meta inti
tibda tgħaqqad jikkmanda.

473
00:24:44,350 --> 00:24:48,300
>> U għal darb'oħra, ma jistennewx li inti kompletament
jifhmu dan s'issa, iżda huwa

474
00:24:48,300 --> 00:24:49,910
xi ħaġa biex tara.

475
00:24:49,910 --> 00:24:52,470
U mbagħad jekk int Googling għal eżempji
jew inti tirrealizza li inti trid tagħmel

476
00:24:52,470 --> 00:24:55,030
xi ħaġa, jista 'jkun utli.

477
00:24:55,030 --> 00:24:59,020
Mela ejja, bħala eżempju,
hekk ls, sing, l.

478
00:24:59,020 --> 00:25:01,160
So here I tara l-output
ta 'ls, sing, l.

479
00:25:01,160 --> 00:25:06,560
And I say, OK, I jridu
jaħżnu dik fis-fajl.

480
00:25:06,560 --> 00:25:11,620
Kollha ta 'dan l-output hawn, nixtieq
li jitqiegħed fis-fajl separat.

481
00:25:11,620 --> 00:25:16,080
>> Allura dan ftit akbar minn simbolu
huwa dak li aħna qed tmur biex sejħa.

482
00:25:16,080 --> 00:25:18,570
Aħna qed ridirezzjonar l-
output fis-fajl.

483
00:25:18,570 --> 00:25:21,680
Ejja sejħa tal blah fajl, minħabba li l
dak I-tendenza li dejjem hija sejħa.

484
00:25:21,680 --> 00:25:26,430
Allura issa naraw għandna
fajl blah dritt hawn.

485
00:25:26,430 --> 00:25:30,270
U jekk I jiftħuh, I taf tara huwa
eżattament l-output tal-kmand

486
00:25:30,270 --> 00:25:31,990
li jien biss dam.

487
00:25:31,990 --> 00:25:36,020
U l-istess, inti tista '-

488
00:25:36,020 --> 00:25:41,260
jekk dan kien output għall-fajl, dan
hija tikseb input minn fajl.

489
00:25:41,260 --> 00:25:45,790

490
00:25:45,790 --> 00:25:47,050
X'inhu kmand li I -

491
00:25:47,050 --> 00:25:49,620
>> JOSEPH: Naħseb li inti tista 'tuża
inqas jew aktar, probabbilment.

492
00:25:49,620 --> 00:25:53,031
>> ROB: Imma kif madwar ftit inqas blah?

493
00:25:53,031 --> 00:25:53,930
I do not know.

494
00:25:53,930 --> 00:25:57,870
Jekk inti tidħol fis dan ix-xenarju, bħal
hemm psets li huwa utli.

495
00:25:57,870 --> 00:25:59,950
>> JOSEPH: Tista 'pajp fis echo.

496
00:25:59,950 --> 00:26:02,920
Pipe-fajl fis eku narah.

497
00:26:02,920 --> 00:26:04,060
>> ROB: Huwa pajp.

498
00:26:04,060 --> 00:26:04,860
>> JOSEPH: Jiddispjacini.

499
00:26:04,860 --> 00:26:06,190
>> ROB: Kull dritt.

500
00:26:06,190 --> 00:26:12,720
Allura dan huwa output għall-fajl.

501
00:26:12,720 --> 00:26:18,700
Dan hu li tikseb it-test mill-fajl
u jagħtih lill-programm.

502
00:26:18,700 --> 00:26:20,560
U tkun taf ara wkoll dan Guy.

503
00:26:20,560 --> 00:26:24,410
Allura dan huwa tip ta 'kif isir it-tnejn f'daqqa.

504
00:26:24,410 --> 00:26:28,310
U fil-fatt, jien ser tintroduċi żewġ ġdida
jikkmanda biss biex jagħmlu użu minnha.

505
00:26:28,310 --> 00:26:33,060
>> Storja huwa kmand handy li huwa biss
se jistampa lista ta '

506
00:26:33,060 --> 00:26:34,940
xejn stajt qatt run linja tal-kmand.

507
00:26:34,940 --> 00:26:38,290
Allura naraw hawn dak kollu li għandi
ilu għaddej dan iż-żmien kollu.

508
00:26:38,290 --> 00:26:39,540
Lottijiet ta 'l-ls.

509
00:26:39,540 --> 00:26:41,570

510
00:26:41,570 --> 00:26:48,470
>> U l-iggwidar ieħor utli hija grep li
għan tagħha huwa li tfittxija fuq

511
00:26:48,470 --> 00:26:52,060
test tfittex għal xejriet, ukoll,
tfittex għal kwalunkwe inti

512
00:26:52,060 --> 00:26:53,310
tixtieq li tfittex għal.

513
00:26:53,310 --> 00:26:59,770
U għalhekk l-użu handy hawnhekk hija, ngħidu aħna
irridu li grab l-istorja.

514
00:26:59,770 --> 00:27:03,860
U nixtieq li tfittex l-kmandi
fejn I - x'hemm

515
00:27:03,860 --> 00:27:05,000
waħda utli biex tfittex?

516
00:27:05,000 --> 00:27:06,898
>> JOSEPH: [inaudible]?

517
00:27:06,898 --> 00:27:09,710
>> ROB: Jew ejja tfittex biss għal kulħadd
tmiss, għal kwalunkwe raġuni.

518
00:27:09,710 --> 00:27:13,850
Allura dan huwa dak li se look like.

519
00:27:13,850 --> 00:27:15,560
U inti ma għandekx kompletament
jifhmu li.

520
00:27:15,560 --> 00:27:20,570
Imma l-idea hija hawnhekk, l-istorja qed tagħti
l-istess produzzjoni hija għamlet hawn

521
00:27:20,570 --> 00:27:25,030
fejn huwa istampar l kollu
istorja ta 'kollox stajt qatt run.

522
00:27:25,030 --> 00:27:27,030
Aħna mbagħad tgħaddi li -

523
00:27:27,030 --> 00:27:30,230
hekk minflok ta 'stampar lill-iskrin,
irridu li jgħaddu dik l-

524
00:27:30,230 --> 00:27:34,640
kmand grep li qed tfittex
istanzi kollha tal-kelma touch.

525
00:27:34,640 --> 00:27:40,280
>> U hekk billi tuża din il-kombinazzjoni tal-
għodod istorja u grep, I jista 'jara, OK,

526
00:27:40,280 --> 00:27:44,820
here kollu tal-kmandi stajt qatt
run, u hawnhekk wieħed kemmxejn komuni.

527
00:27:44,820 --> 00:27:45,510
Aħna fil-qiegħ.

528
00:27:45,510 --> 00:27:47,930
U huwa wkoll tagħti me l-kmand
I biss dam li kellu l-

529
00:27:47,930 --> 00:27:51,240
touch kelma fiha.

530
00:27:51,240 --> 00:27:58,500
Iżda l-pajp hija ħaġa pjuttost utli
talli għaqqad programmi multipli.

531
00:27:58,500 --> 00:28:04,670
U fil-fatt, huwa shortcut għall let
me-istorja output għall-fajl blah, u

532
00:28:04,670 --> 00:28:10,190
let me grep bl-użu blah fajl
bħala dak li nixtieq li tħares fuq.

533
00:28:10,190 --> 00:28:13,460
Allura l-pajp huwa biss shortcut
għal dawn iż-żewġ jikkmanda.

534
00:28:13,460 --> 00:28:13,950
Iva.

535
00:28:13,950 --> 00:28:15,306
>> SPEAKER 4: [inaudible]?

536
00:28:15,306 --> 00:28:16,556
>> ROB: Iva.

537
00:28:16,556 --> 00:28:20,142

538
00:28:20,142 --> 00:28:21,110
X'inhu -

539
00:28:21,110 --> 00:28:21,858
Oh.

540
00:28:21,858 --> 00:28:24,820
Ejja test.

541
00:28:24,820 --> 00:28:29,170
Allura qattus, kelb, ħut.

542
00:28:29,170 --> 00:28:33,770
So I jridu grep.

543
00:28:33,770 --> 00:28:37,680
Dash, r, għal darb'oħra, se tkun
recursively, so I tixtieq li jinżel l isfel

544
00:28:37,680 --> 00:28:38,870
kollha direttorji.

545
00:28:38,870 --> 00:28:43,210
Irrid li recursively grep għal kulħadd -
u let me nikseb temporanjament

546
00:28:43,210 --> 00:28:44,460
dan barra mill-mod.

547
00:28:44,460 --> 00:28:48,650

548
00:28:48,650 --> 00:28:50,740
Injora lili.

549
00:28:50,740 --> 00:28:51,360
OK.

550
00:28:51,360 --> 00:28:56,740
>> So I jridu grep temporanjament għal
istanzi kollha tal-ħut kelma.

551
00:28:56,740 --> 00:29:00,510
U hekk hawn dak li qed nagħmel huwa grepping
recursively għall-ħut kelma.

552
00:29:00,510 --> 00:29:05,410
U stilla ifisser fuq kollha ta 'dawn
fajls f'dan id-direttorju.

553
00:29:05,410 --> 00:29:08,930
U għalhekk tatni Permess miċħuda,
minħabba li mhuwiex permess li taqra li

554
00:29:08,930 --> 00:29:10,060
partikolari file.

555
00:29:10,060 --> 00:29:14,040
Iżda hija kkonstatat ħut fil-fajl, test.

556
00:29:14,040 --> 00:29:18,450
>> I jistgħu jgħidu wkoll, speċifikament, I biss
tixtieq tfittex fil-blah file, fil

557
00:29:18,450 --> 00:29:19,580
f'liema każ mhux se jsibu xejn.

558
00:29:19,580 --> 00:29:20,990
I biss tixtieq tfittex fil-fajl, test.

559
00:29:20,990 --> 00:29:22,240
Huwa se jsibha ħut.

560
00:29:22,240 --> 00:29:25,980

561
00:29:25,980 --> 00:29:29,260
Dan huwa kmand pretty utli
li tkun taf b'mod ġenerali.

562
00:29:29,260 --> 00:29:31,640
Hemm xi alternattivi biex grep
li huma mistennija li jkunu aktar

563
00:29:31,640 --> 00:29:36,780
programmer friendly, iżda I-tendenza
li xorta jaqgħu lura fuq grep.

564
00:29:36,780 --> 00:29:38,030
Mistoqsijiet?

565
00:29:38,030 --> 00:29:39,965

566
00:29:39,965 --> 00:29:40,919
OK.

567
00:29:40,919 --> 00:29:42,520
>> Hemm jikkmanda oħra?

568
00:29:42,520 --> 00:29:45,270
Oh.

569
00:29:45,270 --> 00:29:48,370
Just waħda ta 'darba li jien dejjem
issib li jkun gost huwa cal.

570
00:29:48,370 --> 00:29:55,610
So avviż meta jien f'dan sabiħ
full screen mode, għandi l-ebda top simili

571
00:29:55,610 --> 00:29:56,720
toolbar jew xejn.

572
00:29:56,720 --> 00:29:59,530
Allura cal biss tagħti me ftit sbieħ
kalendarju li d-dritt

573
00:29:59,530 --> 00:30:02,380
issa cut off, I jassumi.

574
00:30:02,380 --> 00:30:04,770
Iżda kmand ftit sbieħ.

575
00:30:04,770 --> 00:30:06,540
>> JOSEPH: Huwa [inaudible].

576
00:30:06,540 --> 00:30:09,170
Jikkmanda oħra li jista 'jkollok
dehru jinkludu clang u jagħmlu.

577
00:30:09,170 --> 00:30:11,180
Aħna ser jmorru fuqhom fil
f'aktar dettall aktar tard.

578
00:30:11,180 --> 00:30:13,400
Imma jekk inti ħadthom ilhom jaħdmu fuq
l PSET, inti għandek tkun

579
00:30:13,400 --> 00:30:15,160
familjari ma 'dawk.

580
00:30:15,160 --> 00:30:16,640
>> ROB: Kull dritt.

581
00:30:16,640 --> 00:30:18,520
Mistoqsijiet dwar affarijiet linja tal-kmand?

582
00:30:18,520 --> 00:30:22,450

583
00:30:22,450 --> 00:30:23,260
Kull dritt.

584
00:30:23,260 --> 00:30:27,416
Mela ejja jimxu fuq xi
Jittieħed relatati C-.

585
00:30:27,416 --> 00:30:28,666
Varjabbli matematika.

586
00:30:28,666 --> 00:30:39,078

587
00:30:39,078 --> 00:30:40,060
OK.

588
00:30:40,060 --> 00:30:45,230
Allura bħad kellna matematika fl Scratch,
tista 'wkoll tuża matematika fl C.

589
00:30:45,230 --> 00:30:49,270
>> Qabel ma nikbru għal dak kompletament,
hekk varjabbli.

590
00:30:49,270 --> 00:30:53,920
Ftakar li kull meta inti tiddikjara
varjabbli bħal int x jew y float, inti

591
00:30:53,920 --> 00:30:56,710
għandek tagħtiha tip qabel
l-isem varjabbli.

592
00:30:56,710 --> 00:31:03,020
Allura tipi Rajna s'issa huma int,
float, double, twil twil, li jiena

593
00:31:03,020 --> 00:31:06,150
ma tassew taf jekk konna
jidher li s'issa.

594
00:31:06,150 --> 00:31:07,700
>> Hemm xi oħrajn.

595
00:31:07,700 --> 00:31:09,990
Imxejna tara char.

596
00:31:09,990 --> 00:31:13,920
Hemm qasir, li huwa simili huwa l-
oppost ta 'żmien twil fejn huwa

597
00:31:13,920 --> 00:31:16,650
iżgħar minn numru sħiħ.

598
00:31:16,650 --> 00:31:18,580
Rajna wkoll string.

599
00:31:18,580 --> 00:31:23,070
Allura dak li huwa speċjali dwar string?

600
00:31:23,070 --> 00:31:25,350
Għaliex kieku I ngħid huwa
ma pjuttost simili int?

601
00:31:25,350 --> 00:31:27,030
>> SPEAKER 4: Hija ma verament jeżistu.

602
00:31:27,030 --> 00:31:27,990
>> ROB: Yeah.

603
00:31:27,990 --> 00:31:31,820
Allura l-unika raġuni għandna string
għaliex meta inti tagħmel

604
00:31:31,820 --> 00:31:33,215
hash, jinkludu cs50.h.

605
00:31:33,215 --> 00:31:36,530

606
00:31:36,530 --> 00:31:42,670
U aħna ser tara eżempji ta 'dan aktar tard -
oh, li ma jittrattax li tajjeb -

607
00:31:42,670 --> 00:31:46,160
fejn cs50.h qed tagħmel xi ħaġa
fuq il-linji ta 'tip

608
00:31:46,160 --> 00:31:49,230
def, star char, string.

609
00:31:49,230 --> 00:31:53,280
>> U hekk dan kien qal li aħna ma anki
jafu liema stilla char għadu.

610
00:31:53,280 --> 00:31:56,770
Iżda dan huwa qal li rridu string.

611
00:31:56,770 --> 00:32:00,250
Kull post inti kont qed tuża string, inti
setgħu jużaw star char,

612
00:32:00,250 --> 00:32:04,670
li fil-fatt huwa tip li
teżisti fil-lingwa C.

613
00:32:04,670 --> 00:32:06,680
Iżda aħna ser jiksbu għal dak.

614
00:32:06,680 --> 00:32:07,860
Oh, u din tmur dritt lura.

615
00:32:07,860 --> 00:32:10,170
Pulita.

616
00:32:10,170 --> 00:32:15,370
>> Allura istess ħaġa ma bool
fejn vera u falza.

617
00:32:15,370 --> 00:32:22,510
Dan mhuwiex verament mibnija fil-tip C.
Minflok, huwa biss, jfisser dan għandhom

618
00:32:22,510 --> 00:32:23,740
il-valur zero?

619
00:32:23,740 --> 00:32:26,200
Imbagħad aħna ser jikkunsidraw biss
li jkun falz.

620
00:32:26,200 --> 00:32:27,350
Jfisser dan għandhom il-valur -

621
00:32:27,350 --> 00:32:30,530
ukoll, ma din l-ebda
valur li mhux żero?

622
00:32:30,530 --> 00:32:32,200
Imbagħad aħna ser jikkunsidraw li jkun veru.

623
00:32:32,200 --> 00:32:35,940
Allura wieħed huwa veru, tnejn huwa veru,
xejn nonzero huwa veru.

624
00:32:35,940 --> 00:32:38,710

625
00:32:38,710 --> 00:32:42,790
Għalhekk dawn huma dawk.

626
00:32:42,790 --> 00:32:47,624
Mistoqsijiet dwar varjabbli tiddikjara u
tipi varjabbli u dak kollu li?

627
00:32:47,624 --> 00:32:48,100
Yeah.

628
00:32:48,100 --> 00:32:52,384
>> SPEAKER 4: Għal twil twil, fil-ktieb,
huwa qal li kellha tkun int twil twil.

629
00:32:52,384 --> 00:32:54,288
Iżda se biss twil twil taħdem?

630
00:32:54,288 --> 00:32:58,210

631
00:32:58,210 --> 00:33:01,470
>> ROB: Allura dawn modifikaturi tip.

632
00:33:01,470 --> 00:33:04,170
Allura int x.

633
00:33:04,170 --> 00:33:07,710
Allura nistgħu ngħidu wkoll mhux iffirmat int x.

634
00:33:07,710 --> 00:33:09,640
Nistgħu ngħidu int qasir x.

635
00:33:09,640 --> 00:33:12,570
Nistgħu ngħidu twil twil int x.

636
00:33:12,570 --> 00:33:17,250
Iżda pretty ħafna xi waħda minn dawk l-affarijiet I
biss qal, int mhux iffirmat, int qasir,

637
00:33:17,250 --> 00:33:21,480
twil twil int, inti tista 'teħles minn
l-int u se biss wieħed jassumi

638
00:33:21,480 --> 00:33:22,510
li inti fisser int.

639
00:33:22,510 --> 00:33:26,045
X Allura mhux iffirmat, li sempliċiment tfisser -

640
00:33:26,045 --> 00:33:29,400
inti taf kif normalment ma 'int,
inti tista 'tgħid x ugwali negattiv 3?

641
00:33:29,400 --> 00:33:31,636
Bil int mhux iffirmat, inti ma tistax.

642
00:33:31,636 --> 00:33:34,480
>> JOSEPH: U għal darb'oħra, għall-kamera, il-
kwistjoni kienet, x'inhu l-differenza

643
00:33:34,480 --> 00:33:37,796
bejn int twil twil
u biss twil twil?

644
00:33:37,796 --> 00:33:38,410
>> ROB: Yeah.

645
00:33:38,410 --> 00:33:42,850
So I se kważi qatt
jiktbu twil int twil.

646
00:33:42,850 --> 00:33:44,100
I se jiktbu twil twil.

647
00:33:44,100 --> 00:33:47,770

648
00:33:47,770 --> 00:33:50,636
>> JOSEPH: Kwalunkwe mistoqsijiet?

649
00:33:50,636 --> 00:33:51,886
>> ROB: OK.

650
00:33:51,886 --> 00:33:56,180

651
00:33:56,180 --> 00:34:02,390
Tfakkira ftit hekk iblah ta 'li kif
aħna niddikjaraw varjabbli u initialize

652
00:34:02,390 --> 00:34:04,450
il-varjabbli u tiddikjara ieħor
varjabbli u initialize

653
00:34:04,450 --> 00:34:05,870
dan kollu fil-pass wieħed.

654
00:34:05,870 --> 00:34:09,370
Allura d-dikjarazzjoni tal-varjabbli u l-
il-varjabbli inizjalizzazzjoni ma jkollhomx

655
00:34:09,370 --> 00:34:11,120
li iżda jista 'jkun fuq l-istess linja.

656
00:34:11,120 --> 00:34:15,409

657
00:34:15,409 --> 00:34:20,060
>> Allura aħna għandna l-operaturi matematika standard
li int użati biex -

658
00:34:20,060 --> 00:34:22,199
plus, minus, firda, il-ħinijiet.

659
00:34:22,199 --> 00:34:24,389
Hemm ukoll modulo, li aħna ser tara.

660
00:34:24,389 --> 00:34:29,060
Ma jkunx hemm, għall-inqas fil-
C, qawwa mibnija fil-

661
00:34:29,060 --> 00:34:31,765
operatur caret exponentiation.

662
00:34:31,765 --> 00:34:33,770
Ukoll, hemm operatur caret,
iżda mhux power.

663
00:34:33,770 --> 00:34:34,239
>> JOSEPH: Imma din mhix exponentiation,
iva.

664
00:34:34,239 --> 00:34:36,210
>> ROB: Tużax il-caret
li wieħed jassumi li dan ifisser

665
00:34:36,210 --> 00:34:39,980
bħal kwadrat jew kwalunkwe.

666
00:34:39,980 --> 00:34:42,289
Għalhekk xi affarijiet li wieħed iżomm
mind dwar id-diviżjoni.

667
00:34:42,289 --> 00:34:46,282

668
00:34:46,282 --> 00:34:48,880
I ser stand.

669
00:34:48,880 --> 00:34:51,315
Allura ddikjarat tweġiba initialize.

670
00:34:51,315 --> 00:34:54,670
Allura aħna qed tgħid tweġiba float
daqs 1 maqsum f'10.

671
00:34:54,670 --> 00:34:57,500
Stampa tweġiba sa żewġ postijiet deċimali.

672
00:34:57,500 --> 00:35:02,180
>> U dan huwa t-tip ta 'ħaġa li I
kieku bniedem printf biex insemmu li

673
00:35:02,180 --> 00:35:05,110
dak l-Heck ma%, dot, 2f jfisser?

674
00:35:05,110 --> 00:35:07,930
U dan ifisser biss, ukoll,
jinjora l-0.2.

675
00:35:07,930 --> 00:35:10,420
U%, f huwa dak li nużaw
li jistampaw li float.

676
00:35:10,420 --> 00:35:15,370
Il-0.2 huwa qal, print li
float sa żewġ postijiet deċimali.

677
00:35:15,370 --> 00:35:19,600
Allura dan il-programm għandu bug, u inti tista '
raw dan qabel f'xi

678
00:35:19,600 --> 00:35:20,870
kors CS qabel.

679
00:35:20,870 --> 00:35:22,170
Imma dak li hu dan bug?

680
00:35:22,170 --> 00:35:23,050
>> SPEAKER 5: Zero.

681
00:35:23,050 --> 00:35:24,130
>> ROB: Yeah.

682
00:35:24,130 --> 00:35:29,630
Allura meta ngħidu, tweġiba ugwali
1 maqsum f'10, irridu l-

683
00:35:29,630 --> 00:35:31,610
risposta li għandha 0.1.

684
00:35:31,610 --> 00:35:37,450
Iżda 1 maqsum f'10, 1 hija
integer, 10 huwa integer.

685
00:35:37,450 --> 00:35:41,060
U hekk meta nagħmlu integer diviż bil-
integer, aħna qed tmur biex jiksbu lura

686
00:35:41,060 --> 00:35:42,190
integer.

687
00:35:42,190 --> 00:35:43,660
Allura 1 maqsum f'10 hija 0.1.

688
00:35:43,660 --> 00:35:46,760
>> Peress li jeħtieġ li tagħtina numru sħiħ,
huwa biss se armih li

689
00:35:46,760 --> 00:35:49,410
punt deċimali u jgħidu li
it-tweġiba hija 0.

690
00:35:49,410 --> 00:35:55,314
U hekk meta aħna istampar twieġeb hawn,
li għaddej biex jistampaw 0.00.

691
00:35:55,314 --> 00:35:58,430
>> JOSEPH: U biss bħala nota, attwalment
throws bogħod x'hemm wara l-

692
00:35:58,430 --> 00:35:59,390
punt deċimali.

693
00:35:59,390 --> 00:36:03,180
Mela jekk inti minflok kellhom 6 maqsum f'10,
inti tista 'taħseb li se jtik

694
00:36:03,180 --> 00:36:05,200
0.6 u allura inti round sa 1.

695
00:36:05,200 --> 00:36:10,520
Imma fil-fatt, dak li jiġri meta tip
kompiti dan hija li huwa qtar dak li huwa

696
00:36:10,520 --> 00:36:11,470
wara l-punt deċimali.

697
00:36:11,470 --> 00:36:13,020
Allura 0.6 ma jsiru 0.

698
00:36:13,020 --> 00:36:13,370
>> ROB: Yeah.

699
00:36:13,370 --> 00:36:15,160
U aħna ser ngħidu ponta maqtugħa għal dak.

700
00:36:15,160 --> 00:36:21,760
Allura meta inti mitfugħa għal int,
l-deċimali huwa maqtugħ.

701
00:36:21,760 --> 00:36:23,980
Allura l-jiffissaw għal dan - hemm
attwalment żewġ.

702
00:36:23,980 --> 00:36:27,890
U jien ser tagħmel dan it-tieni, minħabba li
dan huwa wieħed tiffissa ħafna aktar faċli.

703
00:36:27,890 --> 00:36:32,670
>> Allura jiffissaw waħda hija tuża floats
fid-diviżjoni.

704
00:36:32,670 --> 00:36:34,720
U tassew, inti biss għandek
jagħmlu wieħed minnhom float.

705
00:36:34,720 --> 00:36:37,400
Iżda huwa kemmxejn aktar ċar biss
li kemm minnhom flowts.

706
00:36:37,400 --> 00:36:41,170
Allura 1.0 diviż bil 10.0 huwa
tiddividi żewġ sufruni.

707
00:36:41,170 --> 00:36:43,970
Allura l-risposta se jispiċċa jkun
float, u għalhekk inti se

708
00:36:43,970 --> 00:36:48,050
korrett jistampaw 0.10 hawn.

709
00:36:48,050 --> 00:36:52,220
>> Xi ħaġa li ma taħdimx hekk ukoll
dwar dan hija, ukoll, żgur, li kien faċli

710
00:36:52,220 --> 00:36:56,240
biżżejjed biex jikkonvertu 1 għal
float billi jagħmilha 1.0.

711
00:36:56,240 --> 00:37:02,180
Imma x'jiġri jekk minflok kellna żewġ numri interi
bħal int x daqs 1 u int y

712
00:37:02,180 --> 00:37:05,660
ugwali għal 10, u mbagħad ridna
Biex tagħmel x diviż bil y?

713
00:37:05,660 --> 00:37:10,420
Għalhekk mhuwiex faċli li biss
jagħmlu x.0 jew xi ħaġa.

714
00:37:10,420 --> 00:37:12,790
>> Allura l-jiffissaw għal dan huwa deċiżiv.

715
00:37:12,790 --> 00:37:19,780
Allura ikkastjar huwa mod fis-C li jikkonvertu
minn tip varjabbli għall-ieħor.

716
00:37:19,780 --> 00:37:22,320
Allura hawn, 1 huwa integer.

717
00:37:22,320 --> 00:37:27,050
U billi dan float quddiem
dan, aħna ikkastjar 1 għal float.

718
00:37:27,050 --> 00:37:30,350
U hekk dan se jaqilbu
l-1 għal 1.0.

719
00:37:30,350 --> 00:37:33,380
U dan se jaqilbu
10 għal 10.0.

720
00:37:33,380 --> 00:37:36,790
>> U mbagħad affarijiet jaġixxu b'mod simili għall-
verżjoni preċedenti aħna biss wera

721
00:37:36,790 --> 00:37:42,190
fejn, kif mistenni, nikbru 0.10
u inneħħu jistampaw dik.

722
00:37:42,190 --> 00:37:44,120
U nistgħu nagħmlu dan bil-
varjabbli, wisq.

723
00:37:44,120 --> 00:37:47,376
Allura nistgħu ngħidu, float x
diviż bil y float.

724
00:37:47,376 --> 00:37:48,626
>> JOSEPH: Kwalunkwe mistoqsijiet?

725
00:37:48,626 --> 00:37:54,182

726
00:37:54,182 --> 00:38:00,090
>> ROB: Hekk biss bħal fil-matematika regolari,
għandna preċedenza operatur.

727
00:38:00,090 --> 00:38:06,960
Allura fil-klassi matematika, int aktar probabbli
li hija sejħa ordni ta 'operazzjonijiet.

728
00:38:06,960 --> 00:38:09,890
Hawnhekk, it-terminu uffiċjali
preċedenza operatur.

729
00:38:09,890 --> 00:38:15,230
Iżda l-preċedenza operatur, jew aktar
operaturi, huwa kif inti tistenna.

730
00:38:15,230 --> 00:38:22,660
>> Hekk biss bħal fil-matematika, 2 darbiet 10 huwa
ser jinġabru aktar mill-qrib milli

731
00:38:22,660 --> 00:38:25,410
dan 10 diviż bl 2 u mbagħad 2.

732
00:38:25,410 --> 00:38:29,745
L-ordni ta 'operazzjonijiet, hija se tagħmel 2
drabi 10, 10 diviż bl 2, u mbagħad

733
00:38:29,745 --> 00:38:32,720
hija ser tagħmel 20 plus 5 plus 2.

734
00:38:32,720 --> 00:38:37,020
Allura huwa kif mistenni, u tista 'tuża
parentesi għal espressjonijiet grupp.

735
00:38:37,020 --> 00:38:41,063
Inti ma tistax tuża parentesi kwadri
għal espressjonijiet grupp.

736
00:38:41,063 --> 00:38:41,544
Yeah?

737
00:38:41,544 --> 00:38:43,468
>> SPEAKER 5: Tista attwalment
biss jmorru lura tieni wieħed?

738
00:38:43,468 --> 00:38:47,316
Inti tista mitfugħa int għal string?

739
00:38:47,316 --> 00:38:53,330
>> ROB: Allura C, inti tista mitfugħa xejn
inti trid xi ħaġa li trid.

740
00:38:53,330 --> 00:38:55,600
Dan ma jfissirx li huwa
ħaġa tajba li tagħmel.

741
00:38:55,600 --> 00:38:59,760
Allura meta inti mitfugħa int biex
string, li tfisser -

742
00:38:59,760 --> 00:39:03,240
u aħna ser jsibu rwieħhom dan
ħafna aktar bir-reqqa -

743
00:39:03,240 --> 00:39:03,720
>> JOSEPH: Ħafna aktar tard.

744
00:39:03,720 --> 00:39:06,840
>> ROB: I ma riedx li jgħidu ħafna aktar tard,
so I ppruvaw ibiddlu sentenza tiegħi.

745
00:39:06,840 --> 00:39:13,370
Aħna ser jsibu rwieħhom ferm aktar bir-reqqa
aktar tard fejn verament meta jkollok

746
00:39:13,370 --> 00:39:14,810
string varjabbli -

747
00:39:14,810 --> 00:39:17,160
so a string jista 'jkun arbitrarju
twil, id-dritt?

748
00:39:17,160 --> 00:39:21,850
U aħna kont qed tgħid li int tkun
erba 'bytes u twil twil huwa tmienja fil-

749
00:39:21,850 --> 00:39:23,620
bytes u float huwa erba 'bytes.

750
00:39:23,620 --> 00:39:29,520
Allura string, bħad int, biss għandha
ċertu numru ta 'bytes lilha.

751
00:39:29,520 --> 00:39:31,800
U li se jkun erba 'bytes.

752
00:39:31,800 --> 00:39:34,750
>> Iżda string jistgħu jiġu pretty
twil arbitrarju, right?

753
00:39:34,750 --> 00:39:40,190
Allura bonjour dinja diġà, jekk dan huwa 10
karattri jew kwalunkwe, dak li diġà

754
00:39:40,190 --> 00:39:42,670
se tkun fuq l-4 bytes
I jistgħu joqogħdu ġo string.

755
00:39:42,670 --> 00:39:51,140
U hekk kif kordi verament ix-xogħol huwa li
huma fejn fil-memorja li string

756
00:39:51,140 --> 00:39:52,380
qed jinżamm.

757
00:39:52,380 --> 00:39:57,290
>> U hekk hawn fuq, meta ngħid string x
ugwali bonjour dinja, ġewwa ta 'x hija

758
00:39:57,290 --> 00:40:01,840
biss qal, oh, bonjour dinja hija maħżuna
f'dan il-post partikolari fil-memorja.

759
00:40:01,840 --> 00:40:07,060
Hekk jekk nippruvaw li jitfa integer għal
spag, allura aħna qed tipprova tinterpreta

760
00:40:07,060 --> 00:40:10,500
xi parti każwali tal-memorja
bħala sekwenza.

761
00:40:10,500 --> 00:40:14,465
U li kważi dejjem pawżi affarijiet.

762
00:40:14,465 --> 00:40:17,040
>> JOSEPH: Iżda jekk dak konfuż
inti, aħna ser tkun tkopri dan

763
00:40:17,040 --> 00:40:17,550
aktar fil-fond aktar tard.

764
00:40:17,550 --> 00:40:17,850
>> ROB: Yeah.

765
00:40:17,850 --> 00:40:20,540
Dan huwa fejn inti qed tmur
li jsibu rwieħhom pointers.

766
00:40:20,540 --> 00:40:25,485
U li huwa chunk sinifikanti
ta 'ġimgħatejn ta' dan il-kors.

767
00:40:25,485 --> 00:40:28,275
>> SPEAKER 6: Ma jaħdimx bħal oġġetti
f'lingwi oħra jew mhux verament?

768
00:40:28,275 --> 00:40:34,050
>> ROB: Allura f'lingwi oħra, oġġetti
jkun irrappreżentat użu pointers.

769
00:40:34,050 --> 00:40:37,070

770
00:40:37,070 --> 00:40:38,793
Mhuwiex l-istess ħaġa, għalkemm.

771
00:40:38,793 --> 00:40:42,110

772
00:40:42,110 --> 00:40:42,910
Kwalunkwe ħsibijiet?

773
00:40:42,910 --> 00:40:43,760
>> JOSEPH: Le

774
00:40:43,760 --> 00:40:44,185
Ebda ħsibijiet.

775
00:40:44,185 --> 00:40:44,980
>> ROB: OK.

776
00:40:44,980 --> 00:40:46,994
>> JOSEPH: Next.

777
00:40:46,994 --> 00:40:48,255
>> ROB: Just jmorru ma 'dak.

778
00:40:48,255 --> 00:40:48,670
Kull dritt.

779
00:40:48,670 --> 00:40:51,120
Allura modulo.

780
00:40:51,120 --> 00:40:53,900
Eżatt bħal għandna plus, minus,
jaqsam, u jimmultiplikaw.

781
00:40:53,900 --> 00:40:56,720
Allura modulo hija waħda inti tista '
ma raw qabel.

782
00:40:56,720 --> 00:40:59,540
U hija biss jgħid, jagħtu
me-bqija ta '.

783
00:40:59,540 --> 00:41:02,850
Allura 55% 10.

784
00:41:02,850 --> 00:41:06,840
Il-bqija ta 'kif isir 55 maqsuma
b'10 tkun 5.

785
00:41:06,840 --> 00:41:09,630
Allura 55% 10 hija 5.

786
00:41:09,630 --> 00:41:12,260
U 3% 5 tkun 3.

787
00:41:12,260 --> 00:41:14,180
8% 8 għandhom ikunu 0.

788
00:41:14,180 --> 00:41:15,903
16% 15 se tkun l-1.

789
00:41:15,903 --> 00:41:20,670
>> JOSEPH: Ħaġa waħda li wieħed jinnota ma 'dan,
wisq, huwa ma jista 'jaħdem kif mistenni

790
00:41:20,670 --> 00:41:22,700
jekk tuża numru negattiv.

791
00:41:22,700 --> 00:41:26,215
Daqshekk negattiv 5% 4, xi nies
jista 'jaħseb li hu -

792
00:41:26,215 --> 00:41:28,890

793
00:41:28,890 --> 00:41:33,808
dak li inti taħseb negattiv
5% 4 tkun?

794
00:41:33,808 --> 00:41:34,792
>> SPEAKER 5: One.

795
00:41:34,792 --> 00:41:37,920
>> JOSEPH: Allura xi nies jgħidu wieħed,
xi nies jgħidu waħda negattiva.

796
00:41:37,920 --> 00:41:38,450
Imma dak -

797
00:41:38,450 --> 00:41:40,820
>> ROB: I ma jkollhomx lanqas
qal wieħed minn dawk.

798
00:41:40,820 --> 00:41:42,370
>> JOSEPH: Żewġ, sorry.

799
00:41:42,370 --> 00:41:43,240
Xi nies jgħidu -

800
00:41:43,240 --> 00:41:43,450
>> ROB: Tliet.

801
00:41:43,450 --> 00:41:43,800
>> JOSEPH: Tliet?

802
00:41:43,800 --> 00:41:44,890
>> ROB: Negative -

803
00:41:44,890 --> 00:41:45,950
dak li kien il - negattiva ħamsa -

804
00:41:45,950 --> 00:41:47,100
>> JOSEPH: Tliet, tlieta, tlieta.

805
00:41:47,100 --> 00:41:48,450
Jiddispjacini.

806
00:41:48,450 --> 00:41:51,910
Minħabba modulo, ġeneralment, meta inti ħadthom
tidher xi mkien ieħor, normalment ifisser

807
00:41:51,910 --> 00:41:54,000
ritorn numru pożittiv, id-dritt?

808
00:41:54,000 --> 00:42:01,160
>> ROB: Allura meta ngħidu fil-matematika, l-10%,
dawn għandhom tendenza li jridu jagħtuk -

809
00:42:01,160 --> 00:42:05,980
jekk aħna MOD b'10, allura nistennew li
tikseb numru bejn 0 u 9.

810
00:42:05,980 --> 00:42:09,860
Fil hawn, li mhuwiex il-każ li inti
se tikseb numri negattivi lura.

811
00:42:09,860 --> 00:42:15,898
>> JOSEPH: Allura negattiv 5%
4 tkun negattiva 1.

812
00:42:15,898 --> 00:42:19,325
>> ROB: Iżda huwa rari li int mod Ing
numri negattivi li tibda bil.

813
00:42:19,325 --> 00:42:25,490

814
00:42:25,490 --> 00:42:25,970
Skip dan.

815
00:42:25,970 --> 00:42:27,314
>> JOSEPH: Yeah.

816
00:42:27,314 --> 00:42:29,420
>> ROB: Meh.

817
00:42:29,420 --> 00:42:29,990
OK.

818
00:42:29,990 --> 00:42:36,400
Allura wieħed aħħar ħaġa li tfakkar dwar
sufruni huwa huwa imġieba perikoluża,

819
00:42:36,400 --> 00:42:39,850
iżda sufruni mhumiex eżatti
rappreżentazzjoni.

820
00:42:39,850 --> 00:42:46,190
Allura jmorru lura għall bytes mill-ġdid, ftakar
li int dejjem erba 'bytes u

821
00:42:46,190 --> 00:42:47,830
float huwa dejjem erba 'bytes.

822
00:42:47,830 --> 00:42:51,340
Allura eżempju Lucas hija pjuttost tajba.

823
00:42:51,340 --> 00:42:55,730
>> Allura taħseb 1 diviż bil-3.

824
00:42:55,730 --> 00:42:57,800
Allura 0.3333333.

825
00:42:57,800 --> 00:43:03,540
Jekk I biss 32 bits, kif tista '
I taħżen 0.33333 eżattament?

826
00:43:03,540 --> 00:43:07,250
U forsi, għal kwalunkwe raġuni, inti tgħidli,
id-dritt, ukoll, ejja biss jgħidu

827
00:43:07,250 --> 00:43:13,210
li dan 1011001 partikolari, ejja
biss jgħidu li għandu jkun 0.333333.

828
00:43:13,210 --> 00:43:16,960
Well, inti biss għandek numru finit ta '
dawk bits, dan huwa impossibbli li

829
00:43:16,960 --> 00:43:22,550
jirrappreżentaw kull b'punt li jvarja wieħed
valur mogħti biss 32 bits.

830
00:43:22,550 --> 00:43:25,580
>> Ukoll, huwa impossibbli li jirrappreżentaw l-ebda
valur floating point partikolari infinita -

831
00:43:25,580 --> 00:43:28,480
ukoll, minħabba kwalunkwe numru finit ta 'bits.

832
00:43:28,480 --> 00:43:38,265
Allura l-kwistjoni hawnhekk hija, ukoll, meta aħna użati
li jistampaw sa żewġ postijiet deċimali,

833
00:43:38,265 --> 00:43:42,000
aħna ma korrettament jiksbu l-risposta 0.10.

834
00:43:42,000 --> 00:43:47,510
Iżda taħt il-barnuża, huwa verament
maħżuna qrib kemm jista 'jkun

835
00:43:47,510 --> 00:43:51,790
0.10 dawk bits jistgħu jirrappreżentaw.

836
00:43:51,790 --> 00:43:53,200
Huwa dan fuq il-pjastra jmiss?

837
00:43:53,200 --> 00:43:53,830
Jew huwa ma?

838
00:43:53,830 --> 00:43:54,660
>> JOSEPH: Yeah, huwa li.

839
00:43:54,660 --> 00:43:55,750
>> ROB: Blegh, blegh.

840
00:43:55,750 --> 00:43:57,760
>> JOSEPH: Yeah, inti tista 'sempliċement
iġbed in-noti up a bit.

841
00:43:57,760 --> 00:43:59,700
>> ROB: Jien biss ser zoom
fuq l-aħħar fuq dan.

842
00:43:59,700 --> 00:44:00,950
Oh gosh tiegħi, li l-[inaudible].

843
00:44:00,950 --> 00:44:06,089

844
00:44:06,089 --> 00:44:08,300
Allura dak in-numru.

845
00:44:08,300 --> 00:44:12,300
Dan huwa dak li se jiġi stampat
jekk aħna run dak il-programm.

846
00:44:12,300 --> 00:44:20,340
U tinnota li mhux verament big deal
jekk aħna qed biss ħsieb dwar like

847
00:44:20,340 --> 00:44:21,920
02:58 postijiet deċimali.

848
00:44:21,920 --> 00:44:26,700
Bħal aħna biss oriġinarjament stampat 0.10,
u hu għalhekk li rajna xejn ħażin.

849
00:44:26,700 --> 00:44:31,380
Imma ladarba nibdew jkollna fil-
eżatta, numru eżatt li huwa

850
00:44:31,380 --> 00:44:35,660
jirrappreżentaw, naraw li ma tistax
eżattament jirrappreżentaw 0.1.

851
00:44:35,660 --> 00:44:40,900
>> U parti mill-problema hawn hija simili,
id-dritt, li l-multa, iżda, ukoll,

852
00:44:40,900 --> 00:44:46,120
ewwel, dak li jekk aħna ppruvaw li tagħmel,
tweġiba ugwali ugwali 0.1?

853
00:44:46,120 --> 00:44:49,200
Hija li ser jirritornaw vera jew falza?

854
00:44:49,200 --> 00:44:51,850
U għalhekk huwa diffiċli li wieħed jgħid.

855
00:44:51,850 --> 00:44:53,330
Naħseb li fil-fatt jista 'ritorn veru.

856
00:44:53,330 --> 00:44:55,265
Se ewwel -

857
00:44:55,265 --> 00:44:56,180
I do not know.

858
00:44:56,180 --> 00:45:00,090
It-tweġiba hija ladarba tibda jittrattaw
mal-valuri b'punt li jvarja, inti pretty

859
00:45:00,090 --> 00:45:05,150
ħafna ma għandhomx jużaw l-ugwaljanza
minħabba dan impreċiżjoni.

860
00:45:05,150 --> 00:45:09,470
>> U għal kulħadd tafu, huwa l-mija
punt deċimali li l-

861
00:45:09,470 --> 00:45:13,670
floating point ma kienx kapaċi
biex jimmaniġġaw b'mod korrett.

862
00:45:13,670 --> 00:45:18,180
U hekk ugwaljanza se biss jonqsu anki
għalkemm in-numru - jekk inti kienu

863
00:45:18,180 --> 00:45:24,450
jużaw numri eżatti, in-numri għandhom
kienu eżattament l-istess.

864
00:45:24,450 --> 00:45:27,790
Huwa matul il-kors ta 'prodotti simili 50
kalkoli bl-użu dawn f'wiċċ l-ilma

865
00:45:27,790 --> 00:45:30,270
valuri tal-punti, l-iżball tista 'tibni
up u up u sa, u

866
00:45:30,270 --> 00:45:31,125
affarijiet biss jiksbu wrong.

867
00:45:31,125 --> 00:45:33,870
>> JOSEPH: U hemm kienu tassew
eżempji famużi ta 'dan jiġri.

868
00:45:33,870 --> 00:45:37,190
Bħal inġiniera NASA gotten dan
ħażin, li jikkawżaw rokits jisplodu fl

869
00:45:37,190 --> 00:45:38,665
l-arja wara li ħadthom ġew imnedija.

870
00:45:38,665 --> 00:45:41,490
U lottijiet ta 'kwistjonijiet bħal dik.

871
00:45:41,490 --> 00:45:41,956
So yeah.

872
00:45:41,956 --> 00:45:45,218
>> SPEAKER 6: Meta inti tgħidli 0.3 f,
ma truncate-bqija?

873
00:45:45,218 --> 00:45:46,468
Jew ma jnaqqas jew iżid?

874
00:45:46,468 --> 00:45:48,800

875
00:45:48,800 --> 00:45:50,200
>> ROB: Se printf madwaru?

876
00:45:50,200 --> 00:45:52,180
>> JOSEPH: Naħseb taqta printf.

877
00:45:52,180 --> 00:45:52,640
>> ROB: OK.

878
00:45:52,640 --> 00:45:59,890
Allura nistgħu istess mod tmur fid-direzzjoni opposta
direzzjoni ta 'dan fejn, f'dan il-każ,

879
00:45:59,890 --> 00:46:03,320
l-eqreb hija tista 'tirrappreżenta
0.1 kien ma 'dan in-numru.

880
00:46:03,320 --> 00:46:06,820
L-eqreb li jista 'jkun kapaċi
jirrappreżentaw 0.2 huwa l-oppost

881
00:46:06,820 --> 00:46:11,420
direzzjoni, .199999996356
jew xi ħaġa.

882
00:46:11,420 --> 00:46:17,480
Allura jekk aħna marru f'dik id-direzzjoni ta '
affarijiet, allura printf 0.3 f jerġgħu lura

883
00:46:17,480 --> 00:46:20,866
1.99 minflok 2.00.

884
00:46:20,866 --> 00:46:22,960
>> JOSEPH: U jien mhux kompletament
żgur fuq dan.

885
00:46:22,960 --> 00:46:25,430
Inti tista 'tixtieq li jiktbu żgħar, ftit
programm biss tivverifika dan.

886
00:46:25,430 --> 00:46:29,370
>> ROB: Għalkemm, dak li aħna żgur li hija li
jekk inti ppruvaw li jitfa li għal

887
00:46:29,370 --> 00:46:33,660
int, u li jitfgħu għal int se
jwassluh biex truncate-deċimali, jekk

888
00:46:33,660 --> 00:46:38,140
inti tipprova li jitfa 1.9999999
għal int, int ser tingħata 1.

889
00:46:38,140 --> 00:46:41,440
U allura inti għandek ġeneralment jużaw l-
funzjoni round fil-librerija matematika.

890
00:46:41,440 --> 00:46:44,190

891
00:46:44,190 --> 00:46:45,440
Mistoqsijiet?

892
00:46:45,440 --> 00:46:47,660

893
00:46:47,660 --> 00:46:48,982
OK.

894
00:46:48,982 --> 00:46:54,000
>> JOSEPH: Allura jimxu fuq kondizzjonijiet
u espressjonijiet Boolean.

895
00:46:54,000 --> 00:46:58,120
Allura inti raw dawn qabel.

896
00:46:58,120 --> 00:47:07,420
U fil-fatt, let me tagħmel ċert tiegħi
kompjuter fil-format dritt hawn.

897
00:47:07,420 --> 00:47:08,670
Ispazju.

898
00:47:08,670 --> 00:47:10,630

899
00:47:10,630 --> 00:47:13,870
Jiddispjacini, aħna qed tmur biex ikollhom jittrattaw a
ftit ma cutoff fit-truf.

900
00:47:13,870 --> 00:47:15,830
>> Iżda yeah, inti guys raw
dan qabel fil Scratch.

901
00:47:15,830 --> 00:47:19,930
Allura dan id-dritt hawnhekk hija espressjoni
li huwa użat fil-

902
00:47:19,930 --> 00:47:21,250
stqarrija kondizzjonali.

903
00:47:21,250 --> 00:47:23,930
Allura twieġeb ogħla minn żero rieda
jgħidlek vera jew falza.

904
00:47:23,930 --> 00:47:26,530
U dawn huma verament importanti, għaliex
dawn jippermettu magħna biex jintroduċu

905
00:47:26,530 --> 00:47:28,670
loġika fid kodiċi tagħna.

906
00:47:28,670 --> 00:47:32,820
>> Hekk per eżempju, dan huwa programm
miktuba Scratch li jitlob lill-utent

907
00:47:32,820 --> 00:47:36,980
għal integer u jgħidlekx minnhom jekk
n-numru sħiħ li ħadt kien

908
00:47:36,980 --> 00:47:38,690
numru sħiħ pożittiv jew negattiv.

909
00:47:38,690 --> 00:47:42,980
U l-konverżjoni minn hawn biex tara hija
inti l-ewwel jistampa l-istqarrija,

910
00:47:42,980 --> 00:47:43,870
tagħti me numru sħiħ.

911
00:47:43,870 --> 00:47:45,980
U allura inti jistaqsihom għal integer.

912
00:47:45,980 --> 00:47:49,870
>> U allura inti tuża loġika kondizzjonali fuq
hawn biex tiċċekkja jekk dak in-numru

913
00:47:49,870 --> 00:47:52,030
kien attwalment akbar minn żero jew le.

914
00:47:52,030 --> 00:47:58,960
Allura hawnhekk għandna espressjoni Boolean
ġewwa ta 'kondizzjonali Jekk dikjarazzjoni.

915
00:47:58,960 --> 00:48:00,660
Hemm xi mistoqsijiet?

916
00:48:00,660 --> 00:48:03,030
Hemm xi mistoqsijiet dwar dan?

917
00:48:03,030 --> 00:48:03,950
OK.

918
00:48:03,950 --> 00:48:06,140
>> Allura hemm aktar minn sempliċiment
akbar minn, tal-kors.

919
00:48:06,140 --> 00:48:10,385
Inti tista 'tibni espressjonijiet Boolean
jużaw ħafna mill-tipi ta 'affarijiet li inti

920
00:48:10,385 --> 00:48:11,150
ser jaħseb fil-matematika.

921
00:48:11,150 --> 00:48:12,370
Allura akbar minn.

922
00:48:12,370 --> 00:48:13,740
Li għandu jkun inqas minn.

923
00:48:13,740 --> 00:48:14,990
Jiddispjacini.

924
00:48:14,990 --> 00:48:18,520

925
00:48:18,520 --> 00:48:19,760
U l-ispazjar.

926
00:48:19,760 --> 00:48:22,971
>> ROB: Alla jipprojbixxu inti jitilqu minnu.

927
00:48:22,971 --> 00:48:23,620
>> JOSEPH: Kull dritt.

928
00:48:23,620 --> 00:48:25,950
Allura akbar minn, inqas minn, akbar
minn, jew daqs, inqas

929
00:48:25,950 --> 00:48:27,070
minn, jew daqs.

930
00:48:27,070 --> 00:48:31,980
Aħna nużaw ugwali doppja sabiex jikkontrolla għal
ugwaljanza, għaliex wieħed ugwali mezzi

931
00:48:31,980 --> 00:48:32,810
assenjazzjoni, id-dritt?

932
00:48:32,810 --> 00:48:33,140
Iva.

933
00:48:33,140 --> 00:48:37,130
U allura nistgħu wkoll ma ugwali minn
tuża t-trade exclamation, ugwali.

934
00:48:37,130 --> 00:48:41,530
>> U dan is-simbolu marka exclamation jistgħu
jiġi estiż ukoll b'tali mod li jekk inti tixtieq

935
00:48:41,530 --> 00:48:44,050
invertit kwalunkwe tip ta 'Boolean
espressjoni, inti tista 'tagħmel dan.

936
00:48:44,050 --> 00:48:48,530
Allura dan se tevalwa veru
biss jekk it-tweġiba hija inqas

937
00:48:48,530 --> 00:48:51,240
minn jew ugwali għal żero.

938
00:48:51,240 --> 00:48:53,950
Kwalunkwe mistoqsijiet dwar dan?

939
00:48:53,950 --> 00:48:55,180
OK.

940
00:48:55,180 --> 00:48:58,840
>> Allura inti tista 'wkoll jikkombinaw dawn
espressjonijiet li jużaw loġika u u

941
00:48:58,840 --> 00:48:59,790
loġiku Or.

942
00:48:59,790 --> 00:49:03,530
Allura dan huwa biss is-simbolu U,
li għandu jkun Shift, 7.

943
00:49:03,530 --> 00:49:07,720
U dan huwa s-simbolu tal-pajpijiet, li hija
mhux żgħira L. Hu l-waħda

944
00:49:07,720 --> 00:49:09,440
li d-dritt fuq tiegħek Enter.

945
00:49:09,440 --> 00:49:12,870
Allura inti tuża tnejn minn dawn li jissimbolizzaw
loġiku U l-loġika Or.

946
00:49:12,870 --> 00:49:18,180
>> Allura dan biss se terġa 'lura minnu jekk it-tweġiba
huwa wieħed, tnejn, tlieta, jew erba '.

947
00:49:18,180 --> 00:49:23,030
U dan biss se terġa 'lura minnu jekk it-tweġiba
huwa lil hinn minn dik fuq kull naħa.

948
00:49:23,030 --> 00:49:26,190
Għalhekk mhuwiex wieħed, tnejn, tlieta, jew erba '.

949
00:49:26,190 --> 00:49:28,385
U l-mod inti tuża
li fl-espressjoni -

950
00:49:28,385 --> 00:49:29,990
>> ROB: Or żero jew ħamsa.

951
00:49:29,990 --> 00:49:32,200
>> JOSEPH: Zero jew ħamsa.

952
00:49:32,200 --> 00:49:32,380
Jiddispjacini.

953
00:49:32,380 --> 00:49:33,320
Iva, iva, iva.

954
00:49:33,320 --> 00:49:34,180
OK.

955
00:49:34,180 --> 00:49:38,980
U hawn issa, bl-istess mod inti
tuża dik l-espressjoni, iżgħar

956
00:49:38,980 --> 00:49:42,000
naħa espressjoni ta 'Jekk kondizzjonali
dikjarazzjoni, inti tużaha wkoll il-

957
00:49:42,000 --> 00:49:47,800
istess mod bi ftit tqegħid ġewwa ta '
il-parentesi tad-dikjarazzjoni IF.

958
00:49:47,800 --> 00:49:54,020
Allura dan printf biss se nar jekk it-tweġiba
huwa wieħed, tnejn, tlieta, jew erba '.

959
00:49:54,020 --> 00:49:56,002
Kwalunkwe mistoqsijiet dwar tgħaqqad
espressjonijiet?

960
00:49:56,002 --> 00:50:00,450

961
00:50:00,450 --> 00:50:04,240
>> Allura hemm ieħor kondizzjonali
Ibni nitolbu IF / Else.

962
00:50:04,240 --> 00:50:08,120
Allura bażikament, dan issa jfisser, OK, Jekk
xi ħaġa jien ridt li jiċċekkjaw ma kienx

963
00:50:08,120 --> 00:50:11,600
veru, imbagħad mur l-Else u
jwettaq dak azzjoni oħra.

964
00:50:11,600 --> 00:50:15,570
Allura f'dan il-każ partikolari, staqsejt
l-utent għal integer.

965
00:50:15,570 --> 00:50:17,790
Huwa l-eqreb numru sħiħ akbar minn żero?

966
00:50:17,790 --> 00:50:18,310
Iva?

967
00:50:18,310 --> 00:50:20,100
Well, allura dawn qabad
numru pożittiv.

968
00:50:20,100 --> 00:50:22,320
Jekk le, allura għandu jkollu
kien negattiv jew żero.

969
00:50:22,320 --> 00:50:27,530
Allura inti qabad numru negattiv
jew żero f'dan il-każ.

970
00:50:27,530 --> 00:50:29,235
Iva.

971
00:50:29,235 --> 00:50:30,485
Jew żero.

972
00:50:30,485 --> 00:50:36,320

973
00:50:36,320 --> 00:50:39,300
>> U allura aħna wkoll ikollhom Jekk / Else,
Jekk u Else.

974
00:50:39,300 --> 00:50:45,640
Allura dan tikri us tesegwixxi sekwenza ta '
affarijiet biss jekk l-ewwel dawk jonqsu.

975
00:50:45,640 --> 00:50:49,540
Allura f'dan il-każ, issa aħna qed jagħmlu
l-aħħar waħda inti pick żero.

976
00:50:49,540 --> 00:50:53,080
Mela jekk la qabad pożittiv u lanqas
numru negattiv, allura dawn għandhom

977
00:50:53,080 --> 00:50:53,640
qabad żero.

978
00:50:53,640 --> 00:50:56,720
Allura huwa biss jinżel l-
katina bħal dan.

979
00:50:56,720 --> 00:50:59,960
>> Allura eżempju ta 'kif
Jekk huwa differenti mill -

980
00:50:59,960 --> 00:51:02,590
IF / Else hija differenti minn
biss sekwenza ta 'IFs.

981
00:51:02,590 --> 00:51:07,680
U din hija kwistjoni komuni li
nies jistaqsu huwa, ukoll, jekk ikollok bħal

982
00:51:07,680 --> 00:51:11,265
95 CS50, x'se dan
program jgħidlek?

983
00:51:11,265 --> 00:51:12,600
>> SPEAKER 5: You ltqajna A.

984
00:51:12,600 --> 00:51:13,490
>> JOSEPH: Iva.

985
00:51:13,490 --> 00:51:14,960
You ltqajna kull wieħed
wieħed minn dawn id-dritt.

986
00:51:14,960 --> 00:51:17,130
You ltqajna A, inti ltqajna B, inti
ltqajna C u D, id-dritt?

987
00:51:17,130 --> 00:51:19,770
Allura dawn kollha jiksbu evalwati
fl-ordni.

988
00:51:19,770 --> 00:51:23,570
Allura filwaqt li 95 huwa akbar minn 90, huwa
wkoll aktar minn 80, huwa wkoll

989
00:51:23,570 --> 00:51:25,790
akbar minn 70, u huwa
wkoll akbar minn 60.

990
00:51:25,790 --> 00:51:27,620
Allura inti ltqajna kollha ta 'dawk il-gradi.

991
00:51:27,620 --> 00:51:31,630
U nassumi inti
jridux biss l A.

992
00:51:31,630 --> 00:51:34,060
>> Il-mod biex jiffissaw dan huwa li tissostitwixxi
dawk Else / Jekk "s.

993
00:51:34,060 --> 00:51:37,540
Allura f'dan ix-xenarju, jara li 95 hija
akbar minn 90, u allura ma

994
00:51:37,540 --> 00:51:38,885
m'għandux għalfejn jevalwa l-bqija
tad-dikjarazzjonijiet.

995
00:51:38,885 --> 00:51:41,900

996
00:51:41,900 --> 00:51:43,150
Xi mistoqsijiet dwar dan?

997
00:51:43,150 --> 00:51:48,580

998
00:51:48,580 --> 00:51:52,470
>> Allura hemm tip kondizzjonali ieħor ta '
struttura li għandna hawnhekk li aħna

999
00:51:52,470 --> 00:51:53,390
sejħa ta 'dikjarazzjoni swiċċ.

1000
00:51:53,390 --> 00:51:57,390
Allura dan jippermetti li inti bażikament tiċċekkja
dak il-valur ta 'numru inti tpoġġi

1001
00:51:57,390 --> 00:51:59,000
fis-istqarrija switch hu.

1002
00:51:59,000 --> 00:52:03,200
Allura f'dan ix-xenarju, aħna qed jaqilbu
fuq n, u aħna qed tgħid, oh, jekk n hija

1003
00:52:03,200 --> 00:52:04,710
waħda, imbagħad jistampaw dik id-dikjarazzjoni.

1004
00:52:04,710 --> 00:52:07,910
U mbagħad break, li jfisser ħruġ
barra tad-dikjarazzjoni swiċċ.

1005
00:52:07,910 --> 00:52:12,670
>> Jekk ma kienx wieħed, allura, ukoll, biss
eventwalment tivverifika kollha ta 'dawk il-każijiet.

1006
00:52:12,670 --> 00:52:16,280
U għalhekk kontrolli jekk huwa wieħed jew tnejn jew
tlieta, u prints xieraq.

1007
00:52:16,280 --> 00:52:19,780
U dak li dan il-keyword default down hawn
mezzi hija jekk dawn ma tidħol fi kwalunkwe

1008
00:52:19,780 --> 00:52:21,690
ta 'dawk, allura jgħidu Invalid.

1009
00:52:21,690 --> 00:52:25,910
Mela ejja ngħidu I jistaqsu għall-n u
l-utent tagħti me erbgħa.

1010
00:52:25,910 --> 00:52:29,470
Ukoll, taqbel mat ebda waħda minn dawn il-każijiet,
għalhekk se jistampa x'hemm fil-

1011
00:52:29,470 --> 00:52:30,540
taqsima default.

1012
00:52:30,540 --> 00:52:31,180
Iva, mistoqsija?

1013
00:52:31,180 --> 00:52:32,614
>> SPEAKER 5: Tista 'tuża Boolean
espressjonijiet minflok

1014
00:52:32,614 --> 00:52:33,570
wieħed, tnejn, jew tlieta?

1015
00:52:33,570 --> 00:52:36,940
>> JOSEPH: Għalhekk il-kwistjoni hija tista 'tuża
Espressjonijiet Boolean minflok wieħed,

1016
00:52:36,940 --> 00:52:37,940
tnejn, u tlieta?

1017
00:52:37,940 --> 00:52:40,520
U fl-C, jiena nemmen li inti
ma tistax tagħmel dan.

1018
00:52:40,520 --> 00:52:44,320
Imma f'lingwi oħra, li inti tista '
jiltaqgħu fit-tmiem tal-

1019
00:52:44,320 --> 00:52:46,460
semestru bħal JavaScript, inti tista '.

1020
00:52:46,460 --> 00:52:50,050
Ukoll, inti jkollok biex tiġi kkalkulata l-ewwel
dak il-valur u mbagħad jużaw dan fil-

1021
00:52:50,050 --> 00:52:50,650
jaqilbu dikjarazzjoni.

1022
00:52:50,650 --> 00:52:50,930
Yeah?

1023
00:52:50,930 --> 00:52:54,760
>> ROB: Allura parti mill-benefiċċju ta 'swiċċ
dikjarazzjonijiet hija taħseb jekk inti għamilt dan

1024
00:52:54,760 --> 00:52:58,680
bħala Jekk / Inkella, hekk simili jekk n ugwali
huwa daqs wieħed jew ikun x'ikun.

1025
00:52:58,680 --> 00:53:00,300
Else / Jekk n ugwali ugwali tnejn, tkun xi tkun.

1026
00:53:00,300 --> 00:53:01,960
Else / Jekk n ugwali ugwali tlieta.

1027
00:53:01,960 --> 00:53:05,930
Allura l-mod kif il-programm imur huwa
se sekwenzjalment jinżlu dik il-lista

1028
00:53:05,930 --> 00:53:07,500
u jivverifika, huwa ñ wieħed?

1029
00:53:07,500 --> 00:53:08,040
Nope.

1030
00:53:08,040 --> 00:53:09,070
Huwa n tnejn?

1031
00:53:09,070 --> 00:53:09,490
Nope.

1032
00:53:09,490 --> 00:53:10,940
Huwa n tliet?

1033
00:53:10,940 --> 00:53:11,710
Yeah.

1034
00:53:11,710 --> 00:53:12,610
Jagħmlu dan.

1035
00:53:12,610 --> 00:53:15,270
>> Billi ma 'dikjarazzjonijiet swiċċ, huwa
verament kapaċi li jiġbru din tkun

1036
00:53:15,270 --> 00:53:16,360
verament mgħaġġel.

1037
00:53:16,360 --> 00:53:19,550
U hekk kif jgħid swiċċ, dan
jgħid, id-dritt kollu, n huwa tnejn, I am

1038
00:53:19,550 --> 00:53:23,060
immedjatament se jaqbżu fejn
I am suppost li tibda esekuzzjoni.

1039
00:53:23,060 --> 00:53:26,080
Jien mhux ser ewwel jiċċekkja,
hija n wieħed, huwa n tnejn?

1040
00:53:26,080 --> 00:53:28,860
Hija tista 'minnufih tibda tagħmel
dak li suppost tagħmel.

1041
00:53:28,860 --> 00:53:33,830
>> U minħabba dan, ma tistax
tieħu kondizzjonijiet Boolean.

1042
00:53:33,830 --> 00:53:36,480
Jew inkella jkollhom jagħmlu l-
sekwenzjali, bħal, id-dritt, hija n

1043
00:53:36,480 --> 00:53:37,820
akbar minn żero?

1044
00:53:37,820 --> 00:53:41,140
Else huwa n akbar minn 10 jew kwalunkwe.

1045
00:53:41,140 --> 00:53:44,780
>> JOSEPH: F'dan il-każ, jekk inti użati
Jekk / Inkella, Jekk, allura l-iswiċċ kieku

1046
00:53:44,780 --> 00:53:47,792
run madwar tliet darbiet
mgħaġġel mill-Jekk / Else, Jekk.

1047
00:53:47,792 --> 00:53:53,060

1048
00:53:53,060 --> 00:53:56,040
Nistgħu jorganizzaw il-bidla f'dik il-
b'tali mod li aħna ma jqassmux

1049
00:53:56,040 --> 00:53:57,520
wara kull wieħed mill-każijiet.

1050
00:53:57,520 --> 00:54:00,960
Allura f'dan il-każ, jien f'kompartimenti
numri li nagħżlu f'waħda u

1051
00:54:00,960 --> 00:54:04,250
tnejn huma ma numri għoli u
tlieta ikun numru għoli.

1052
00:54:04,250 --> 00:54:08,290
>> Allura f'dan il-każ, jekk n huwa wieħed jew tnejn, huwa
se tolqot il-każ u allura se

1053
00:54:08,290 --> 00:54:10,640
jaqgħu permezz, għaliex
m'hemm l-ebda waqfa.

1054
00:54:10,640 --> 00:54:11,610
U se jispiċċaw here.

1055
00:54:11,610 --> 00:54:15,360
Allura jekk aħna pick wieħed, hija se tagħmel l-printf
u mbagħad break hekk li l-ebda

1056
00:54:15,360 --> 00:54:17,610
dan huwa esegwit.

1057
00:54:17,610 --> 00:54:21,870
U ovvjament, jekk jidħlu fi tliet
jew xi ħaġa oħra, allura se skip

1058
00:54:21,870 --> 00:54:25,320
dawk u ma jmorru hemm, u
se tesegwixxi minflok il-

1059
00:54:25,320 --> 00:54:27,490
linja korrispondenti.

1060
00:54:27,490 --> 00:54:29,390
Hemm xi mistoqsijiet dwar dan?

1061
00:54:29,390 --> 00:54:29,780
Iva?

1062
00:54:29,780 --> 00:54:32,642
>> SPEAKER 4: Would ikollok żball jekk inti
kellhom waqfa wara f'każ wieħed imma

1063
00:54:32,642 --> 00:54:34,550
ma jkollhom xi ħaġa biex tagħmel?

1064
00:54:34,550 --> 00:54:37,820
>> JOSEPH: Għalhekk il-kwistjoni hija se tikseb
żball jekk għandek waqfa wara

1065
00:54:37,820 --> 00:54:39,730
Każ wieħed iżda hemm xejn li jagħmlu?

1066
00:54:39,730 --> 00:54:41,520
U t-tweġiba hija le.

1067
00:54:41,520 --> 00:54:43,172
Inti mhux se attwalment tikseb żball.

1068
00:54:43,172 --> 00:54:44,590
Yeah, mm hmm.

1069
00:54:44,590 --> 00:54:54,540
>> Allura bħala tip ta 'bidla ftit hawn,
Jien ser tpoġġi printf hawn.

1070
00:54:54,540 --> 00:54:55,790
Whoops.

1071
00:54:55,790 --> 00:55:00,994

1072
00:55:00,994 --> 00:55:04,880
Allura dak li dan jistampaw jekk
Nressaq wieħed fil bħala input?

1073
00:55:04,880 --> 00:55:07,530

1074
00:55:07,530 --> 00:55:07,770
Yeah.

1075
00:55:07,770 --> 00:55:10,360
Hija se jgħidlek hija ma ħaditx
numru kbir darbtejn, id-dritt?

1076
00:55:10,360 --> 00:55:13,500
Minħabba li tolqot l-ewwel każ,
dan ma kienx se jkisser, u kieku taqa '

1077
00:55:13,500 --> 00:55:15,730
permezz tat-tieni każ.

1078
00:55:15,730 --> 00:55:16,950
Xi mistoqsijiet dwar dan?

1079
00:55:16,950 --> 00:55:18,280
>> ROB: Kellek mistoqsija oħra?

1080
00:55:18,280 --> 00:55:20,840
>> JOSEPH: OK, jibred.

1081
00:55:20,840 --> 00:55:22,400
Kull dritt.

1082
00:55:22,400 --> 00:55:25,780
Allura hemm xi ħaġa oħra li nsejħu
operatur ternarji li hija bażikament

1083
00:55:25,780 --> 00:55:29,010
sintassi alternattiv biex tagħmel
Jekk u mbagħad Else.

1084
00:55:29,010 --> 00:55:30,470
U ihallik tagħmel dan kollu fuq linja waħda.

1085
00:55:30,470 --> 00:55:34,110
Allura f'dan il-programm partikolari,
Jien tistaqsi l-utent għal n.

1086
00:55:34,110 --> 00:55:37,190
U jekk n hija akbar minn 100, I tell
minnhom huma qabad numru għoli.

1087
00:55:37,190 --> 00:55:39,560
Else I jgħidulhom
qabad numru baxx.

1088
00:55:39,560 --> 00:55:43,030
>> Allura nistgħu nużaw dan sintassi verament twila,
spag, S, u mbagħad tiċċekkja jekk n hija

1089
00:55:43,030 --> 00:55:45,260
akbar minn 100 u tassenja
b'mod xieraq.

1090
00:55:45,260 --> 00:55:49,450
Iżda nistgħu nagħmlu dan ħafna aktar konċiż
billi jużaw din sintassi operatur ternarji

1091
00:55:49,450 --> 00:55:52,090
li tinvolvi kwistjoni
marka u kolon.

1092
00:55:52,090 --> 00:55:55,070
Allura l-kwistjoni mark huwa essenzjalment
tistaqsi mistoqsija, right?

1093
00:55:55,070 --> 00:55:56,625
>> ROB: Forsi zoom fl fuq dak.

1094
00:55:56,625 --> 00:55:57,372
>> JOSEPH: Iva.

1095
00:55:57,372 --> 00:56:00,210
Punt tajjeb.

1096
00:56:00,210 --> 00:56:02,550
Allura dan huwa l-operatur ternarji.

1097
00:56:02,550 --> 00:56:06,100
I ewwel titlob il-kwistjoni,
huwa n akbar minn 100?

1098
00:56:06,100 --> 00:56:09,770
Jekk huwa, allura I tesegwixxi l-ewwel
parzjali qabel l-kolon.

1099
00:56:09,770 --> 00:56:13,360
Jekk mhuwiex, allura I tesegwixxi l-
tieni parti wara l-kolon.

1100
00:56:13,360 --> 00:56:16,640
Mela jekk n hija akbar minn 100,
allura fisien għolja u tistabbilixxi

1101
00:56:16,640 --> 00:56:18,360
li fis string s.

1102
00:56:18,360 --> 00:56:22,170
Jekk n huwa inqas minn 100, fisien baxxa
u mbagħad tpoġġi dan in string s.

1103
00:56:22,170 --> 00:56:30,186
Allura li se jikkondensa din blokki kbar
isfel fil biss li linja waħda.

1104
00:56:30,186 --> 00:56:32,010
>> SPEAKER 5: Huwa li popolari?

1105
00:56:32,010 --> 00:56:36,070
>> JOSEPH: Iva, huwa pjuttost popolari għall-
affarijiet fejn essenzjalment inti tixtieq li

1106
00:56:36,070 --> 00:56:38,700
do assenjazzjoni bbażati fuq
xi tip ta 'kundizzjoni.

1107
00:56:38,700 --> 00:56:43,110
U f'dan il-każ, konna jippruvaw
biex jiġi assenjat valur lill string s.

1108
00:56:43,110 --> 00:56:44,840
Huwa mhux hekk -

1109
00:56:44,840 --> 00:56:47,670
I raden I ma verament jippreferu
f'każijiet oħra.

1110
00:56:47,670 --> 00:56:49,390
Imma hija speċjalment utli
għal dan assenjazzjoni.

1111
00:56:49,390 --> 00:56:54,490
>> ROB: Dan huwa mudell pjuttost komuni
fejn ikollok xi varjabbli li

1112
00:56:54,490 --> 00:56:58,200
int ser ngħid, jekk xi ħaġa, stabbiliti
dan il-varjabbli tal-valur wieħed; inkella, tistabbilixxi

1113
00:56:58,200 --> 00:56:59,810
dan il-varjabbli valur ieħor.

1114
00:56:59,810 --> 00:57:03,360
U dan huwa l-xenarju
fejn tuża ternarji.

1115
00:57:03,360 --> 00:57:05,220
>> JOSEPH: U int iffrankar
lottijiet ta 'linji, id-dritt?

1116
00:57:05,220 --> 00:57:08,090
U hija biss tagħmel kodiċi tiegħek forsi
ftit aktar leġġibbli.

1117
00:57:08,090 --> 00:57:08,635
Iva, mistoqsija?

1118
00:57:08,635 --> 00:57:12,384
>> SPEAKER 6: Għal tlett fibri, tista 'tmur,
spag s ugwali i, kwistjoni mark?

1119
00:57:12,384 --> 00:57:15,280
U allura inti jista 'jkollhom, ngħidu aħna,
ħames għażliet differenti.

1120
00:57:15,280 --> 00:57:18,310
U jiddependi fuq dak in-numru ta 'n
kien, kieku inti tagħżel wieħed minn dawk?

1121
00:57:18,310 --> 00:57:22,210
>> JOSEPH: Għalhekk il-kwistjoni hija, hemm
tip ta 'sintassi fejn inti tista' tagħmel string

1122
00:57:22,210 --> 00:57:25,910
i ugwali n, u mbagħad ikollhom aktar minn żewġ
għażliet wara dik il-marka kwistjoni?

1123
00:57:25,910 --> 00:57:29,740
U tweġiba sempliċi hija le, ma hemm
verament mod tajjeb biex tagħmel dan sakemm

1124
00:57:29,740 --> 00:57:33,850
inti tixtieq li bejta ternarji multipli
operaturi ġewwa ta 'xulxin.

1125
00:57:33,850 --> 00:57:38,050
>> Inti tista 'tagħmel bħall n akbar minn 100,
trade mark in kwistjoni, u mbagħad ieħor

1126
00:57:38,050 --> 00:57:41,850
operatur ta 'tlett fibri, n ikbar minn 50,
trade mark in kwistjoni, u bejta dan il-mod.

1127
00:57:41,850 --> 00:57:45,240
Iżda f'dak ix-xenarju, il-kodiċi tiegħek
jkollna tip ta 'illeġibbli u messy,

1128
00:57:45,240 --> 00:57:47,920
u jista 'jkun aħjar li jmorru biss għal
dikjarazzjoni Jekk / Else f'dak il-punt.

1129
00:57:47,920 --> 00:57:54,530
>> ROB: U wkoll, bħala nota tal-ġenb, PHP
timplimenta b'mod żbaljat il ternarji

1130
00:57:54,530 --> 00:57:58,053
tali operatur li ternaries nested
lanqas ma jaħdmux kif suppost.

1131
00:57:58,053 --> 00:57:58,840
>> JOSEPH: Yeah.

1132
00:57:58,840 --> 00:58:01,170
Hekk jiġrilha ftit konfużjoni,
speċjalment meta tmur

1133
00:58:01,170 --> 00:58:02,145
għal lingwi differenti.

1134
00:58:02,145 --> 00:58:04,810
>> ROB: Huwa konfuża biżżejjed li
lingwi huma żbaljati dwar dan.

1135
00:58:04,810 --> 00:58:08,030

1136
00:58:08,030 --> 00:58:11,510
>> JOSEPH: Allura fil-fatt, biss biex tiċċara,
ma kulħadd jaf x'inhu dak

1137
00:58:11,510 --> 00:58:13,900
% S ma hawn?

1138
00:58:13,900 --> 00:58:15,650
Xi mistoqsijiet dwar dan?

1139
00:58:15,650 --> 00:58:19,760
I raden biss għall-camera, il-% s
bażikament tikri us tpoġġi placeholder

1140
00:58:19,760 --> 00:58:20,790
għal string.

1141
00:58:20,790 --> 00:58:23,920
U mbagħad fl-aħħar, aħna jispeċifikaw li l-
varjabbli irridu li jitqiegħed fis dan

1142
00:58:23,920 --> 00:58:25,500
detentur post huwa s.

1143
00:58:25,500 --> 00:58:27,730
Allura li bażikament jieħu s
u tpoġġiha hija fil hawn.

1144
00:58:27,730 --> 00:58:32,130
U mbagħad se jistampa, inti qabad
għoli jew inti qabad numru baxx.

1145
00:58:32,130 --> 00:58:33,770
OK.

1146
00:58:33,770 --> 00:58:36,970
>> Allura loops jippermettu li ssir l-affarijiet
fl-mozzjonijiet ċirkolari, right?

1147
00:58:36,970 --> 00:58:40,300
Inti jista 'jkollok jiltaqgħu magħhom dan
Scratch fil-forma ta 'Forever loops

1148
00:58:40,300 --> 00:58:45,650
jew Irrepeti Sakemm jew Irrepeti a partikolari
numru ta 'drabi.

1149
00:58:45,650 --> 00:58:47,540
Allura għaliex dan huwa tajjeb għalina?

1150
00:58:47,540 --> 00:58:51,500
Ukoll, fil-C, ejja ngħidu li għandna dan
kanzunetta implimentati Scratch li

1151
00:58:51,500 --> 00:58:53,450
sings, dan huwa l-kanzunetta
li qatt ma tispiċċa.

1152
00:58:53,450 --> 00:58:55,710
Hija biss tmur fuq u fuq u
fuq dejjem u għal dejjem.

1153
00:58:55,710 --> 00:58:59,395
Ukoll, inti ma tista 'verament tagħmel programm
li għandha numru infinit ta 'printf

1154
00:58:59,395 --> 00:59:00,850
dikjarazzjonijiet fiha, right?

1155
00:59:00,850 --> 00:59:04,900
>> Allura f'dan ix-xenarju partikolari, mod wieħed
li inti tista 'tagħmel dan ix-xogħol u

1156
00:59:04,900 --> 00:59:09,330
li jagħmilha jistampaw dejjem huwa li
minflok jużaw loop Filwaqt.

1157
00:59:09,330 --> 00:59:13,640
Allura loop Filwaqt li se tesegwixxi x'hemm
fil-ġisem taż-żewġ ċineg li

1158
00:59:13,640 --> 00:59:17,250
jappartjeni lilha bbażat fuq dak
il-kundizzjoni hija.

1159
00:59:17,250 --> 00:59:21,170
Allura f'dan l-eżempju partikolari qabel, jekk
irridu li jistampaw dan dejjem, dak

1160
00:59:21,170 --> 00:59:23,590
jista 'nagħmlu?

1161
00:59:23,590 --> 00:59:25,190
Ukoll, żgur, right?

1162
00:59:25,190 --> 00:59:32,290
>> Allura dan it-tip ta tgħaqqad l-idea
ta 'xi espressjoni Boolean

1163
00:59:32,290 --> 00:59:33,610
flimkien ma 'linja.

1164
00:59:33,610 --> 00:59:35,780
U aħna tgħallmu dwar Boolean
espressjonijiet preċedenti.

1165
00:59:35,780 --> 00:59:39,650
Allura kull meta l-kundizzjoni ġewwa tal
li filwaqt li jibqa 'veru, dan loop

1166
00:59:39,650 --> 00:59:41,480
ser teżegwixxi fuq u fuq u fuq.

1167
00:59:41,480 --> 00:59:44,640
U f'dan il-każ, jekk aħna biss jipprovdiha
ma 'veru, dan jikkawża infinita

1168
00:59:44,640 --> 00:59:49,310
loop li tistampa l-kanzunetta fuq u fuq
u fuq kif aħna mixtieq qabel mingħajr

1169
00:59:49,310 --> 00:59:52,410
li jkollhom programm li għandu infinita
numru ta 'dikjarazzjonijiet printf, li hija

1170
00:59:52,410 --> 00:59:55,220
ma jkunx possibbli.

1171
00:59:55,220 --> 00:59:57,810
>> Allura aktar compellingly, għalkemm,
inti tista 'tuża dan bil-

1172
00:59:57,810 --> 00:59:59,710
varjabbli u kundizzjoni.

1173
00:59:59,710 --> 01:00:04,420
Mela ejja ngħidu li rridu li jirrepetu l-
frażi, totalment loopy, 10 darbiet.

1174
01:00:04,420 --> 01:00:08,380
Allura dak li tista 'tagħmel ma' loop Filwaqt li
inti tista ewwel initialize kontro

1175
01:00:08,380 --> 01:00:10,860
barra varjabbli tal-
Filwaqt loop sa 10.

1176
01:00:10,860 --> 01:00:14,360
U mbagħad bażikament, kull darba li inti tmur
permezz tal-linja Filwaqt, inti jistampa

1177
01:00:14,360 --> 01:00:19,090
id-dikjarazzjoni u allura inti tnaqqas l-
counter varjabbli sa fl-aħħar,

1178
01:00:19,090 --> 01:00:23,020
f'xi punt, ladarba aħna naqqas I biżżejjed
drabi, 1 minn I darbiet biżżejjed -

1179
01:00:23,020 --> 01:00:27,290
u biss biex tiċċara, minus I minus
ifisser I ugwali I minus 1.

1180
01:00:27,290 --> 01:00:31,280
>> Li bażikament se jġib I isfel għall-
punt fejn darba I hit żero, dan

1181
01:00:31,280 --> 01:00:35,260
kundizzjoni m'għadux vera u
għalhekk ħruġ barra mill-linja.

1182
01:00:35,260 --> 01:00:37,045
Allura totalment loopy prints biss 10 darbiet.

1183
01:00:37,045 --> 01:00:39,550

1184
01:00:39,550 --> 01:00:41,080
Kwalunkwe mistoqsijiet dwar loop Filwaqt?

1185
01:00:41,080 --> 01:00:44,580

1186
01:00:44,580 --> 01:00:46,790
OK.

1187
01:00:46,790 --> 01:00:50,550
>> Allura hemm mod nistgħu nagħmlu dak li aħna biss
għamlet b'mod aktar konċiż

1188
01:00:50,550 --> 01:00:51,715
nsejħu Għall loop.

1189
01:00:51,715 --> 01:00:55,750
Allura loop Għal tikkonsisti
inizjalizzazzjoni, kundizzjoni, u

1190
01:00:55,750 --> 01:00:58,950
aġġornament, bħad kellna qabel
f'dan loop Filwaqt.

1191
01:00:58,950 --> 01:00:59,890
Mela ejja tagħti ħarsa.

1192
01:00:59,890 --> 01:01:02,900
F'dan loop Filwaqt li, kellna
inizjalizzazzjoni, allura kellna

1193
01:01:02,900 --> 01:01:04,260
kundizzjoni li aħna ċċekkjati.

1194
01:01:04,260 --> 01:01:06,450
U allura kellna aġġornament
pass fil-quċċata.

1195
01:01:06,450 --> 01:01:10,060
>> Bil loop Għal, dan bażikament jieħu
dawn it-tliet affarijiet u jikkondensa dan

1196
01:01:10,060 --> 01:01:11,370
isfel fil-linja waħda.

1197
01:01:11,370 --> 01:01:15,130
Allura l-ewwel ħaġa li tagħmel dan fil-
Għall loop huwa l-inizjalizzazzjoni.

1198
01:01:15,130 --> 01:01:19,090
U allura inti tagħmel b'semicolon, u mbagħad
inti tagħmel il-kundizzjoni, li hija I

1199
01:01:19,090 --> 01:01:22,200
akbar minn żero tmur hemmhekk,
u allura l-pass aġġornament.

1200
01:01:22,200 --> 01:01:26,470
Allura dan gets mwettqa fil-
ħafna aħħar tal-ġisem loop.

1201
01:01:26,470 --> 01:01:28,790
Allura dawn iż-żewġ programmi huma
essenzjalment ekwivalenti.

1202
01:01:28,790 --> 01:01:31,960

1203
01:01:31,960 --> 01:01:33,870
>> Kwalunkwe mistoqsijiet?

1204
01:01:33,870 --> 01:01:37,000
Allura dak li huwa wieħed differenza
bejn dawn iż-żewġ?

1205
01:01:37,000 --> 01:01:38,000
Jista 'xi ħadd punt out?

1206
01:01:38,000 --> 01:01:40,480
Jista 'jkun daqsxejn sottili.

1207
01:01:40,480 --> 01:01:41,930
Huwa biss differenza żgħira ħafna.

1208
01:01:41,930 --> 01:01:42,330
Iva?

1209
01:01:42,330 --> 01:01:49,008
>> SPEAKER 5: Inti ma jkunux jistgħu jużaw
il-varjabbli I barra tal-Għar loop

1210
01:01:49,008 --> 01:01:49,962
[Inaudible]?

1211
01:01:49,962 --> 01:01:50,900
>> JOSEPH: Eżattament.

1212
01:01:50,900 --> 01:01:53,550
Allura din hija xi ħaġa aħna ser tingħata biex
aktar tard imsejjaħ ambitu varjabbli.

1213
01:01:53,550 --> 01:01:56,610
Iżda essenzjalment, dan int ħajjiet I
barra ta 'dan loop Filwaqt.

1214
01:01:56,610 --> 01:01:59,800
Allura ladarba din loop Filwaqt isir
eżekuzzjoni, I ser tkun tista 'tuża I aktar tard

1215
01:01:59,800 --> 01:02:00,880
fuq fil-programm.

1216
01:02:00,880 --> 01:02:05,430
>> Billi ma 'dan Għal loop, dan int I
huwa scoped ġewwa ta 'dan għal loop.

1217
01:02:05,430 --> 01:02:10,240
U minħabba li huwa ġewwa ta 'dan il-porzjon
tal-linja Għal, li jibda

1218
01:02:10,240 --> 01:02:13,200
fit-parentesi u tispiċċa bil
l-Brace kaboċċi hemmhekk.

1219
01:02:13,200 --> 01:02:16,120
Kwalunkwe ħaġa li s iddikjarat ġewwa ta '
hawnhekk ma jistax jintuża barra.

1220
01:02:16,120 --> 01:02:20,420
Mela jekk jien jippruvaw jużaw I barra, dan ser
tell me, simbolu mhux iddikjarat.

1221
01:02:20,420 --> 01:02:22,420
U essenzjalment, I kieku ma
tkun tista 'tużah.

1222
01:02:22,420 --> 01:02:28,460
>> ROB: U sew, 10 snin ilu, fl-
litteralment każijiet kollha, braces kaboċċi huma

1223
01:02:28,460 --> 01:02:31,140
dak li inti użata biex tistabbilixxi
l-ambitu ta 'varjabbli.

1224
01:02:31,140 --> 01:02:37,240
Allura fil hemm, int I ugwali għal 10
huwa ddikjarat ġewwa ta 'dan

1225
01:02:37,240 --> 01:02:38,520
sett ta 'ċineg kaboċċi.

1226
01:02:38,520 --> 01:02:42,530
U hekk allura sakemm inti tipprova tuża I
qabel din Brace kaboċċi, huwa multa.

1227
01:02:42,530 --> 01:02:47,090

1228
01:02:47,090 --> 01:02:51,460
Inti tista 'tara meta inti tip tagħmel, int
tara sing, sing, std, ugwali, C99.

1229
01:02:51,460 --> 01:02:57,100
>> Allura li huwa verżjoni aktar tard ta 'C li
GCC implimentat dan jagħti wkoll

1230
01:02:57,100 --> 01:02:58,740
dan shortcut.

1231
01:02:58,740 --> 01:03:03,505
Allura dan jintuża biex m'għandux ikun permess, C. U
tista 'tara għaliex, għaliex dan int

1232
01:03:03,505 --> 01:03:07,600
I huwa barra ta 'din Brace kaboċċi iżda
huwa għadu meqjus li jkun fl-

1233
01:03:07,600 --> 01:03:09,750
iskop ta 'dawn ċingi kaboċċi.

1234
01:03:09,750 --> 01:03:14,120
Iżda din hija ħaġa konvenjenti ħafna,
u għalhekk huwa estensjoni tajba.

1235
01:03:14,120 --> 01:03:15,370
>> JOSEPH: Kwalunkwe mistoqsijiet?

1236
01:03:15,370 --> 01:03:17,550

1237
01:03:17,550 --> 01:03:19,260
OK.

1238
01:03:19,260 --> 01:03:22,820
Allura x'hemm aktar utli hija li xi kultant
Tixtieq tip ta 'dinamiżmu fl

1239
01:03:22,820 --> 01:03:23,410
loop tiegħek, right?

1240
01:03:23,410 --> 01:03:26,350
Inti ma jridux biss neċessarjament jistampaw
totalment loopy-ħin kollu, inti

1241
01:03:26,350 --> 01:03:28,650
tixtieq li għadd stabbiliti mill-
10 jew xi ħaġa.

1242
01:03:28,650 --> 01:03:32,010
U għalhekk inti tista 'tuża l-varjabbli counter
ġewwa ta 'dak loop ukoll.

1243
01:03:32,010 --> 01:03:35,530
U f'dan il-każ, dan il-programm biss
jgħodd isfel minn 10-triq kollha stabbiliti.

1244
01:03:35,530 --> 01:03:39,260
U dak ma jkunx print?

1245
01:03:39,260 --> 01:03:42,790
Ma print żero,
dritt, għaliex meta -

1246
01:03:42,790 --> 01:03:45,460
Iva, lanqas ma jistampaw 11.

1247
01:03:45,460 --> 01:03:49,200
>> Għalhekk ma jistampaw żero, għaliex meta
I huwa żero, ftakar, huwa jevalwa

1248
01:03:49,200 --> 01:03:52,170
il-kondizzjoni qabel ma tmur fuq
biex tesegwixxi l-korp loop.

1249
01:03:52,170 --> 01:03:56,820
U meta I huwa żero, dan huwa falz, hekk
ma jistampa fl-għadd

1250
01:03:56,820 --> 01:04:00,200
żero, hija biss tistampa l-għadd
isfel 10-triq kollha sa 1.

1251
01:04:00,200 --> 01:04:03,420
Jekk aħna verament riedu li jistampaw żero,
allura aħna se tpoġġi sinjal ugwali

1252
01:04:03,420 --> 01:04:04,750
wara dan akbar minn sinjal.

1253
01:04:04,750 --> 01:04:09,400

1254
01:04:09,400 --> 01:04:10,130
OK.

1255
01:04:10,130 --> 01:04:16,410
>> Allura mod wieħed biex tagħmel validazzjoni input, li
huwa meta inti titlob lill-utent biex jagħmlu

1256
01:04:16,410 --> 01:04:18,620
xi ħaġa, inti tixtieq li tagħmel ċert li
ssegwi l-istruzzjonijiet tiegħek, huwa l-użu

1257
01:04:18,620 --> 01:04:19,400
l loop Filwaqt, right?

1258
01:04:19,400 --> 01:04:22,990
Allura f'dan il-każ partikolari, jien tistaqsi
għal numru pożittiv u allura jien

1259
01:04:22,990 --> 01:04:23,810
stennija għall-input.

1260
01:04:23,810 --> 01:04:28,210
>> U mbagħad I ċċekkjati Filwaqt li l-input huwa
inqas minn żero, iżommu talbithom.

1261
01:04:28,210 --> 01:04:32,100
Dan sakemm dawn jagħtu me numru
li ma jkunx pożittiv, iżommu tistaqsi,

1262
01:04:32,100 --> 01:04:33,600
iżommu tistaqsi, iżommu tistaqsi.

1263
01:04:33,600 --> 01:04:35,860
Imma dak li hu tip ta 'stramb dwar dan?

1264
01:04:35,860 --> 01:04:38,570
Jew dak li ma jidhirx ottimali dwar
din l-istruttura dritt hawn?

1265
01:04:38,570 --> 01:04:44,282

1266
01:04:44,282 --> 01:04:44,758
Kulħadd?

1267
01:04:44,758 --> 01:04:45,234
Iva?

1268
01:04:45,234 --> 01:04:47,614
>> SPEAKER 6: Inti tirrepeti
l-istruzzjoni darbtejn.

1269
01:04:47,614 --> 01:04:48,100
>> JOSEPH: Dritt.

1270
01:04:48,100 --> 01:04:50,090
Allura aħna għandna żewġ dikjarazzjonijiet printf
hawn, id-dritt?

1271
01:04:50,090 --> 01:04:53,440
Allura hemm mod nistgħu tikseb dan biss
isfel sa wieħed li tagħmel tagħna

1272
01:04:53,440 --> 01:04:57,170
kodiċi aktar faċli biex jinqara u
ftit aktar nadif.

1273
01:04:57,170 --> 01:05:00,180
U allura aħna ma jkollhomx
jkunu Get darbtejn ukoll.

1274
01:05:00,180 --> 01:05:03,740
U mod wieħed li inti tista 'tagħmel dan huwa
bl-użu ta loop Do-waqt.

1275
01:05:03,740 --> 01:05:07,670
>> U loop Do-Filwaqt li hija bażikament
forma differenti ta 'loop Filwaqt fejn

1276
01:05:07,670 --> 01:05:11,460
dak kollu li huwa fil-braces kaboċċi
gets jitwettaq mill-inqas darba.

1277
01:05:11,460 --> 01:05:14,840
Allura fil hawn, I jiddikjara, int
input, barra l-ewwel.

1278
01:05:14,840 --> 01:05:18,100
U mbagħad I biss jgħidu, jagħmlu dan
istruzzjoni filwaqt input

1279
01:05:18,100 --> 01:05:19,140
tkun inqas minn żero.

1280
01:05:19,140 --> 01:05:20,530
Għalhekk hits-Do ewwel.

1281
01:05:20,530 --> 01:05:24,190
Dejjem se tesegwixxi dan mill-inqas
darba, u għalhekk dejjem se titlob lill-utent

1282
01:05:24,190 --> 01:05:25,960
għall-input mill-inqas darba.

1283
01:05:25,960 --> 01:05:29,390
U allura jevalwa dak input,
u din tmur fuq f'ċirku.

1284
01:05:29,390 --> 01:05:30,135
Iva, mistoqsija?

1285
01:05:30,135 --> 01:05:32,602
>> SPEAKER 6: Hemm mod biex tagħmel dan
[Inaudible] tipi, bħal jekk inti tgħidli,

1286
01:05:32,602 --> 01:05:34,268
GetString, u xi ħadd [inaudible]

1287
01:05:34,268 --> 01:05:35,220
hemm mod biex [inaudible]

1288
01:05:35,220 --> 01:05:40,060
>> JOSEPH: Għalhekk il-kwistjoni hija, hemm
mod biex tagħmel validazzjoni input jekk l-utent

1289
01:05:40,060 --> 01:05:41,850
ma tpoġġix fid-dritt
tip ta 'varjabbli?

1290
01:05:41,850 --> 01:05:44,460
Hekk jekk aħna nitolbu għal int u huma
agħtina string minflok.

1291
01:05:44,460 --> 01:05:49,110
U fil-funzjonijiet li aħna jimplimentaw
għalik, GetInt, GetString fil kollha ta '

1292
01:05:49,110 --> 01:05:52,680
dawk il-funzjonijiet, huma fil-fatt diġà
tagħmel dik it-tip ta 'input tip bażiku

1293
01:05:52,680 --> 01:05:54,120
validazzjoni taħt il-barnuża.

1294
01:05:54,120 --> 01:05:57,390
Mela jekk inti qed tuża l-funzjonijiet li aħna
ħadt, inti ma verament ikollhom.

1295
01:05:57,390 --> 01:06:01,380
>> Iżda jekk inti tixtieq li tħares aktar lejn kif
inti tista 'attwalment tagħmel dan, inti tista' tfittex

1296
01:06:01,380 --> 01:06:03,360
taħt il-barnuża fil-fajl I/O--

1297
01:06:03,360 --> 01:06:07,990
ma fajl, il-funzjonijiet standard I / O
bħal qari mill input standard u

1298
01:06:07,990 --> 01:06:08,580
output standard.

1299
01:06:08,580 --> 01:06:10,630
U inti tista 'tikseb sens aħjar
ta 'kif inti tista' tagħmel dan.

1300
01:06:10,630 --> 01:06:13,670
>> ROB: Kwistjoni, għalkemm, hi speċifikament
bl-eżempju inti

1301
01:06:13,670 --> 01:06:17,070
qal, inti tistenna string
u I jidħlu int.

1302
01:06:17,070 --> 01:06:20,110
Kif tgħid id-differenza
bejn intenzjonalment jixtiequ l-

1303
01:06:20,110 --> 01:06:23,130
string 123 versus jixtiequ l-int 123?

1304
01:06:23,130 --> 01:06:29,230
Għalhekk string, huwa pretty ħafna hemm l-ebda
validazzjoni, huwa biss dak kollu li

1305
01:06:29,230 --> 01:06:31,600
daħal inti se tinterpreta
bħala sekwenza.

1306
01:06:31,600 --> 01:06:35,790
>> Int huwa aktar faċli, għaliex l-ebda kwistjoni l-
input tieħu mill-utent, int

1307
01:06:35,790 --> 01:06:37,470
dejjem tieħu string.

1308
01:06:37,470 --> 01:06:40,650
U għalhekk li string inti tista 'mbagħad
jivverifikaw, huma kollha ta 'dawn

1309
01:06:40,650 --> 01:06:44,218
numri attwalment numeriċi?

1310
01:06:44,218 --> 01:06:45,170
>> JOSEPH: OK.

1311
01:06:45,170 --> 01:06:46,420
Kwalunkwe mistoqsijiet dwar loop Do-Filwaqt?

1312
01:06:46,420 --> 01:06:49,170
>> ROB: Oh, u dan huwa wkoll -

1313
01:06:49,170 --> 01:06:55,130
jmorru lura għall-ambitu, kemmxejn komuni
żball qed tipprova tuża xi lokali

1314
01:06:55,130 --> 01:06:59,540
varjabbli minn ġewwa dan Do-Filwaqt li
loop ġewwa ta 'din il-kundizzjoni.

1315
01:06:59,540 --> 01:07:02,850
U fil-fatt, jekk aħna biss ħassar
dan u qal, input int ugwali

1316
01:07:02,850 --> 01:07:06,990
GetInt, allura l-kumpilatur se Yell fil
us, għaliex input ma teżistix

1317
01:07:06,990 --> 01:07:08,900
barra mill-ambitu ta '
dawn braces kaboċċi.

1318
01:07:08,900 --> 01:07:10,792
>> JOSEPH: U huwa għalhekk li għandna
bżonn dan lineup hawn.

1319
01:07:10,792 --> 01:07:13,620

1320
01:07:13,620 --> 01:07:14,630
OK.

1321
01:07:14,630 --> 01:07:17,530
Allura inti tista 'wkoll break out ta'
loop kmieni jekk inti tixtieq li.

1322
01:07:17,530 --> 01:07:21,240
Allura dan huwa mod differenti ta '
implimentazzjoni dak li aħna biss implimentati.

1323
01:07:21,240 --> 01:07:24,340
U minflok tintuża l-kondizzjoni
fil-parentesi, aħna qed jużaw

1324
01:07:24,340 --> 01:07:26,920
Jekk dikjarazzjoni ġewwa tal-ġisem
tal-loop Do-waqt.

1325
01:07:26,920 --> 01:07:30,000
>> U bażikament, meta l-input huwa finalment
akbar minn żero, aħna se

1326
01:07:30,000 --> 01:07:31,000
break out tal-linja.

1327
01:07:31,000 --> 01:07:33,420
U hekk aħna se jmorru kollha
il-mod stabbiliti hawn.

1328
01:07:33,420 --> 01:07:37,920
U tista 'tara li dan seta'
probabbilment jiġu preferuti f'dan

1329
01:07:37,920 --> 01:07:39,870
xenarju, għaliex dan huwa ftit
daqsxejn aktar nodfa u ftit

1330
01:07:39,870 --> 01:07:41,380
daqsxejn aktar faċli biex jinqara.

1331
01:07:41,380 --> 01:07:45,210
Billi dan, inti tip ta '
linji extra fiha.

1332
01:07:45,210 --> 01:07:47,890
Huwa biss ftit uglier,
I raden, f'sens.

1333
01:07:47,890 --> 01:07:48,530
Iva, mistoqsija?

1334
01:07:48,530 --> 01:07:52,178
>> SPEAKER 4: Se break biss jiksbu
inti out ta 'sett wieħed ta' ċingi?

1335
01:07:52,178 --> 01:07:53,080
>> JOSEPH: Dritt.

1336
01:07:53,080 --> 01:07:58,100
Għalhekk il-kwistjoni hija se break biss
inti toħroġ loop wieħed?

1337
01:07:58,100 --> 01:07:59,280
U it-tweġiba hija iva.

1338
01:07:59,280 --> 01:08:04,290
Mela jekk għandek nested Għal loops, għall-
eżempju, jekk ikolli Għal int I egwali għal 0

1339
01:08:04,290 --> 01:08:09,040
sa 10 u mbagħad Għal int J ikun egwali għal 0
sa 10, jekk I toħroġ 'il barra ta' ġewwa

1340
01:08:09,040 --> 01:08:12,310
loop, I xorta se jmorru
għal-linja ta 'barra.

1341
01:08:12,310 --> 01:08:15,760
Għalhekk ser iżommu jwettqu l-
operazzjonijiet fuq barra.

1342
01:08:15,760 --> 01:08:17,640
Xi mistoqsijiet dwar dan?

1343
01:08:17,640 --> 01:08:18,000
Iva?

1344
01:08:18,000 --> 01:08:21,760
>> SPEAKER 5: Imma jinkiser biss funzjonijiet
għall-ċingi kaboċċi, mhux għal oħrajn

1345
01:08:21,760 --> 01:08:22,230
dikjarazzjonijiet?

1346
01:08:22,230 --> 01:08:22,700
[Inaudible]

1347
01:08:22,700 --> 01:08:27,620
>> JOSEPH: Għalhekk il-kwistjoni hija se break
funzjoni biss għal-linji għall-kuntrarju

1348
01:08:27,620 --> 01:08:29,014
dikjarazzjonijiet oħra bħall Jekk?

1349
01:08:29,014 --> 01:08:32,950
And yes, li huwa l-każ, għaliex
int breaking out ta 'linja, id-dritt,

1350
01:08:32,950 --> 01:08:33,630
f'sens.

1351
01:08:33,630 --> 01:08:37,215
>> ROB: Fil-maġġoranza kbira tal-każijiet, huwa
dan huwa t-tip ta 'xi ħaġa Jekk,

1352
01:08:37,215 --> 01:08:37,660
imbagħad break.

1353
01:08:37,660 --> 01:08:41,580
Allura inti ma jkollhom jiksru japplikaw għal
il Jekk dan huwa tgeżwir madwaru.

1354
01:08:41,580 --> 01:08:45,250
U wkoll, dan mhuwiex ħafna ta 'linja,
imma ftakar li swiċċijiet huma wkoll

1355
01:08:45,250 --> 01:08:46,340
maqsuma minn mill pawżi.

1356
01:08:46,340 --> 01:08:48,390
Rajna pawżi qed jintużaw
bi swiċċijiet qabel.

1357
01:08:48,390 --> 01:08:52,189
>> JOSEPH: U inti tista 'wkoll jużawhom
fil-linji waqt u Għal loops.

1358
01:08:52,189 --> 01:08:54,560
Kwalunkwe mistoqsijiet?

1359
01:08:54,560 --> 01:08:55,830
OK.

1360
01:08:55,830 --> 01:08:57,779
Allura up li jmiss huwa funzjonijiet.

1361
01:08:57,779 --> 01:09:01,500
Allura inti jista 'jkollok użati waħda minn dawn BYOB
blokki proġett Scratch tiegħek.

1362
01:09:01,500 --> 01:09:04,569
U dan bażikament tippermetti
inti tiddefinixxi sett ta '

1363
01:09:04,569 --> 01:09:05,680
istruzzjonijiet li għandhom jiġu segwiti.

1364
01:09:05,680 --> 01:09:09,569
>> U dak I tfisser li huwa ejja jaħsbu
lura għall-matematika, lemin, alġebra.

1365
01:09:09,569 --> 01:09:13,370
Inti għandek nsejħu funzjoni ta 'x,
xi varjabbli, u ejja ngħid dan

1366
01:09:13,370 --> 01:09:16,080
funzjoni hija f ta 'x ugwali x plus 5.

1367
01:09:16,080 --> 01:09:20,410
Allura inti tista 'taħseb f ta' x dan iswed
kaxxa li jieħu 15 u mbagħad

1368
01:09:20,410 --> 01:09:22,590
tipproduċi 20.

1369
01:09:22,590 --> 01:09:26,630
>> Allura aktar ġenerali, funzjoni hija
xi ħaġa li jieħu xi inputs u

1370
01:09:26,630 --> 01:09:27,880
imbagħad jipproduċi xi riżultati.

1371
01:09:27,880 --> 01:09:31,920

1372
01:09:31,920 --> 01:09:32,960
U għaliex huma funzjonijiet tajba?

1373
01:09:32,960 --> 01:09:35,189
Huma qed tajba għal numru ta 'raġunijiet.

1374
01:09:35,189 --> 01:09:40,470
Allura ma xi ħadd tixtieq li tieħu stab
fuq liema organizzazzjoni jfisser?

1375
01:09:40,470 --> 01:09:42,630
F'termini ta 'għaliex funzjonijiet huma utli?

1376
01:09:42,630 --> 01:09:43,090
Iva?

1377
01:09:43,090 --> 01:09:44,735
>> SPEAKER 4: Jagħmel tiegħek
kodiċi aktar leġġibbli.

1378
01:09:44,735 --> 01:09:45,399
>> JOSEPH: Dritt.

1379
01:09:45,399 --> 01:09:47,670
Allura waħda mill-affarijiet huwa jagħmel
kodiċi tiegħek aktar tinqara, right?

1380
01:09:47,670 --> 01:09:53,710
Minflok ma jkollhom like int x ugwali x
darbiet x drabi x, I jista 'jkollhom kubu ta' x,

1381
01:09:53,710 --> 01:09:57,190
li hija aktar leġġibbli u aktar
tinftiehem għall-qarrej.

1382
01:09:57,190 --> 01:10:01,150
>> Organizzazzjoni huwa wkoll f'termini ta '
qsim up kodiċi tiegħek fis maniġġabbli

1383
01:10:01,150 --> 01:10:05,610
porzjonijiet, sabiex minflok tipprova
jimplimentaw dan kollu fis-sezzjoni waħda twila

1384
01:10:05,610 --> 01:10:09,070
fl prinċipali, inti tista 'tip ta' tinqasam it up
fis simili, OK, ejja jiktbu funzjoni

1385
01:10:09,070 --> 01:10:11,910
biex kubu xi ħaġa, ejja jiktbu
funzjoni li kwadru xi ħaġa.

1386
01:10:11,910 --> 01:10:15,950
B'hekk, int tista 'tinqasam it up fis ċkejkna,
partijiet ftit li inti tista 'tindirizza

1387
01:10:15,950 --> 01:10:18,944
għall-kuntrarju jippruvaw jitrattaw
problema kbira kollha f'daqqa.

1388
01:10:18,944 --> 01:10:21,806
>> ROB: Jew anke ċkejkna, partijiet ftit li
inti u sieħeb tista 'tindirizza.

1389
01:10:21,806 --> 01:10:22,283
>> JOSEPH: Yeah.

1390
01:10:22,283 --> 01:10:23,855
>> ROB: Allura minflok tnejn
Inti tipprova biex impjant wieħed

1391
01:10:23,855 --> 01:10:27,170
funzjoni fl-istess ħin.

1392
01:10:27,170 --> 01:10:28,800
>> JOSEPH: Simplifikazzjoni.

1393
01:10:28,800 --> 01:10:30,050
Kulħadd tixtieq li tieħu raden?

1394
01:10:30,050 --> 01:10:33,080

1395
01:10:33,080 --> 01:10:33,410
Iva?

1396
01:10:33,410 --> 01:10:34,675
>> SPEAKER 5: Aktar ripetizzjoni.

1397
01:10:34,675 --> 01:10:35,260
>> JOSEPH: Dritt.

1398
01:10:35,260 --> 01:10:39,210
Allura ħaġa waħda li inti tista 'tagħmel
simplifikazzjoni hija li huwa tip ta 'fuq

1399
01:10:39,210 --> 01:10:42,520
l-istess linji-użabilità mill-ġdid li
darba I jiktbu funzjoni kubu, nista '

1400
01:10:42,520 --> 01:10:45,410
biss użu li aktar u aktar u aktar
għal darb'oħra fil-programm tiegħi minflok l-ittajpjar

1401
01:10:45,410 --> 01:10:49,610
x drabi x drabi x aktar u
aktar u aktar mill-ġdid.

1402
01:10:49,610 --> 01:10:52,980
U simplifikazzjoni hawn wkoll biss
ifisser jagħmel kodiċi tip ta 'tiegħek

1403
01:10:52,980 --> 01:10:55,900
aktar faċli biex debug ladarba inti maqsuma
dan up fis funzjonijiet.

1404
01:10:55,900 --> 01:10:58,250
Għaliex imbagħad inti tista jillokalizzaw fejn
problemi tiegħek tip ta 'huma.

1405
01:10:58,250 --> 01:11:00,910

1406
01:11:00,910 --> 01:11:02,160
Kwalunkwe mistoqsijiet?

1407
01:11:02,160 --> 01:11:04,200

1408
01:11:04,200 --> 01:11:06,540
>> Allura ieħor idea hija estrazzjoni, id-dritt?

1409
01:11:06,540 --> 01:11:07,390
Din il-kaxxa sewda.

1410
01:11:07,390 --> 01:11:11,360
Bħal inti taf liema GetInt ma
li jirċievi input mill-utent?

1411
01:11:11,360 --> 01:11:12,510
Aħna ma verament qallek, right?

1412
01:11:12,510 --> 01:11:15,670
Kollha konna qallek hija GetInt ma
eżattament dak li jgħid li ma.

1413
01:11:15,670 --> 01:11:18,440
Hekk anke jekk aħna ma jgħidlek kif
taħdem, inti xorta tkun taf.

1414
01:11:18,440 --> 01:11:21,670
>> Allura f'dan il-każ partikolari, dan huwa
funzjoni jikkwadrupla li ma

1415
01:11:21,670 --> 01:11:24,520
affarijiet differenti għal kontribut
li jipproduċi output.

1416
01:11:24,520 --> 01:11:28,050
U inti tista 'jikkwadrupla numru
billi jiġi mmoltiplikat erbgħa.

1417
01:11:28,050 --> 01:11:30,790
Jew inti tista nsejħu
bit bidla lilha mill tnejn.

1418
01:11:30,790 --> 01:11:32,960
U aħna ser ikopru dan
ftit aktar tard.

1419
01:11:32,960 --> 01:11:36,570
U hemm ebda ħtieġa li jkunu jafu kif dan
funzjoni attwalment xogħlijiet sakemm

1420
01:11:36,570 --> 01:11:37,640
xogħlijiet kif intqal.

1421
01:11:37,640 --> 01:11:40,740
>> Allura taħt il-barnuża, I jista 'jkun
simili, ritorn ħinijiet input

1422
01:11:40,740 --> 01:11:41,690
tmienja diviżi fi tnejn.

1423
01:11:41,690 --> 01:11:42,510
U inti ma tkunx taf, right?

1424
01:11:42,510 --> 01:11:44,970
Kulma għandek bżonn tkun taf
dan ma dak li jgħid.

1425
01:11:44,970 --> 01:11:48,070
Allura dak hu l-ħaġa utli
dwar estrazzjoni.

1426
01:11:48,070 --> 01:11:52,910
>> U ħaġa oħra huwa tip ta 'din l-idea
ta 'lokalizzazzjoni kodiċi tiegħek biex wieħed

1427
01:11:52,910 --> 01:11:54,280
partikolari taqsima.

1428
01:11:54,280 --> 01:11:57,450
Mela jekk inti ma jkollhom problema, inti ma
ikollhom imorru kollha fuq kodiċi tiegħek jippruvaw

1429
01:11:57,450 --> 01:11:58,730
li tiffissa fejn il-problema kienet.

1430
01:11:58,730 --> 01:12:00,990
Allura f'dan il-każ, I implimentati
kubu ħażin.

1431
01:12:00,990 --> 01:12:02,820
Ħsibt kubu kien multiplikazzjoni
bi tlieta.

1432
01:12:02,820 --> 01:12:05,760
>> Allura f'dan il-każ, dan huwa program wieħed
li biss ikun multiplikazzjoni bi tlieta

1433
01:12:05,760 --> 01:12:06,750
kullimkien.

1434
01:12:06,750 --> 01:12:10,910
U hemm programm ieħor li għandu
kubi fatturati out in funzjoni.

1435
01:12:10,910 --> 01:12:14,040
U hekk issa jekk irrid li jiffissaw żball tiegħi
hawn, I ikollha tiffissa kull linja waħda

1436
01:12:14,040 --> 01:12:15,620
tal-kodiċi f'dan il-programm.

1437
01:12:15,620 --> 01:12:19,190
Billi min-naħa l-oħra, jekk I jużaw il-
funzjoni, I biss bżonn għall-bidla

1438
01:12:19,190 --> 01:12:20,650
dak li kien ħażin f'post wieħed.

1439
01:12:20,650 --> 01:12:25,330

1440
01:12:25,330 --> 01:12:28,730
>> Għalhekk fl-xjenza tal-kompjuter, aħna
sejħa inputs u outputs.

1441
01:12:28,730 --> 01:12:31,640
Inputs huma msejħa parametri jew
argumenti, u l-outputs huma msejħa

1442
01:12:31,640 --> 01:12:32,950
ritorn valuri.

1443
01:12:32,950 --> 01:12:39,000
U aħna se tara kif dan jgħinna tip
ta tiddefinixxi funzjoni fit-tieni.

1444
01:12:39,000 --> 01:12:41,430
Allura din hija definizzjoni funzjoni
għall cubing.

1445
01:12:41,430 --> 01:12:45,110
Sabiex tieħu input, u mbagħad
dan jirritorna li numru ta 'drabi

1446
01:12:45,110 --> 01:12:47,020
innifsu tliet darbiet.

1447
01:12:47,020 --> 01:12:48,020
Mela ejja din tinqasam.

1448
01:12:48,020 --> 01:12:53,090
>> Allura aħna għandna header funzjoni, li
bażikament jikkonsisti fi tliet affarijiet.

1449
01:12:53,090 --> 01:12:56,050
Allura aħna għandna l-parametri, li
huma, kif għidt qabel, il-

1450
01:12:56,050 --> 01:12:57,680
inputs fil din il-funzjoni.

1451
01:12:57,680 --> 01:12:59,300
U allura aħna nagħtu l-funzjoni isem.

1452
01:12:59,300 --> 01:13:00,740
F'dan il-każ, huwa msejjaħ kubu.

1453
01:13:00,740 --> 01:13:03,860
U allura aħna tispeċifika liema t-tip
tal-valur tar-ritorn hija.

1454
01:13:03,860 --> 01:13:06,760
>> Allura f'dan il-każ, il-funzjoni kubu tiegħi
jieħu fil integer u wkoll

1455
01:13:06,760 --> 01:13:07,890
prospetti integer.

1456
01:13:07,890 --> 01:13:11,510
Hekk jekk I jgħaddu fi tnejn, tnejn huwa integer,
dan jirritorna tmien lili, li

1457
01:13:11,510 --> 01:13:13,250
huwa integer.

1458
01:13:13,250 --> 01:13:15,420
Allura ritorn parametri isem tat-tip.

1459
01:13:15,420 --> 01:13:16,670
Mistoqsijiet dwar dan?

1460
01:13:16,670 --> 01:13:19,440

1461
01:13:19,440 --> 01:13:24,230
>> U allura l-valur tar-ritorn huwa attwalment
speċifikat fl-aħħar billi qal ritorn

1462
01:13:24,230 --> 01:13:27,540
u mbagħad jirritornaw kwalunkwe
fiha l-valur tar-ritorn.

1463
01:13:27,540 --> 01:13:30,940
Allura f'dan il-każ, jekk aħna qiegħdu kollu
flimkien, funzjoni jieħu fil-

1464
01:13:30,940 --> 01:13:35,100
parametri, huwa msejjaħ xi ħaġa, u
dan jirritorna xi ħaġa li hija t-tip

1465
01:13:35,100 --> 01:13:36,350
li aħna ngħidu li kienet se tkun.

1466
01:13:36,350 --> 01:13:39,830

1467
01:13:39,830 --> 01:13:41,080
Kwalunkwe mistoqsijiet?

1468
01:13:41,080 --> 01:13:43,710

1469
01:13:43,710 --> 01:13:45,080
>> Allura kif nistgħu jużaw funzjoni?

1470
01:13:45,080 --> 01:13:49,230
Well, aħna jiktbu funzjoni u mbagħad
nużawha fil-programm tagħna, id-dritt?

1471
01:13:49,230 --> 01:13:51,565
So I imsejħa kubu, u
imbagħad I jistgħu jużaw kubu.

1472
01:13:51,565 --> 01:13:54,200
>> Imma x'inhu importanti li wieħed jinnota
hija li kwistjonijiet ordni.

1473
01:13:54,200 --> 01:13:58,100
Jekk ikolli kubi hawn taħt prinċipali, huwa
ser jibda fis kubu.

1474
01:13:58,100 --> 01:14:00,360
U f'dan il-punt, hemm xejn
imsejħa kubu fil-programm, u huwa

1475
01:14:00,360 --> 01:14:02,550
biss se tkun simili, I jkollhom
ebda idea dak kubu huwa.

1476
01:14:02,550 --> 01:14:05,060
>> Għalhekk se jgħidlek, impliċitu
dikjarazzjoni tal-funzjoni.

1477
01:14:05,060 --> 01:14:06,690
Dik hija l-iżball li turi up.

1478
01:14:06,690 --> 01:14:10,230
U hekk f'dan il-każ, kubu huwa taħt
prinċipali, u għalhekk mhuwiex ser

1479
01:14:10,230 --> 01:14:12,006
tkun taf dwar dan.

1480
01:14:12,006 --> 01:14:14,724
>> SPEAKER 5: Allura prinċipali hija normalment
l-aħħar funzjoni definita?

1481
01:14:14,724 --> 01:14:17,290
>> JOSEPH: Għalhekk il-kwistjoni hija,
hija prinċipali normalment l-aħħar

1482
01:14:17,290 --> 01:14:18,170
ħaġa li youd jiddefinixxu?

1483
01:14:18,170 --> 01:14:19,730
U l-ebda.

1484
01:14:19,730 --> 01:14:22,280
Huwa għaliex aħna normalment simili prinċipali
li tkun fil-quċċata, right?

1485
01:14:22,280 --> 01:14:24,640
Minħabba li l-ewwel ħaġa li għandek
trid li l-programmer-ftuħ tal-

1486
01:14:24,640 --> 01:14:25,640
programm biex tara.

1487
01:14:25,640 --> 01:14:29,950
U hekk kif nistgħu issolvi din il-kwistjoni tal-we
tixtieq prinċipali li tkun fil-quċċata, iżda l-

1488
01:14:29,950 --> 01:14:33,750
funzjonijiet li rridu, irridu
li jkun taħt ewlenija għadhom ikunu kapaċi jużaw

1489
01:14:33,750 --> 01:14:34,930
minnhom ġewwa tal-prinċipali?

1490
01:14:34,930 --> 01:14:36,870
>> Well, aħna nużaw dak li nsejħu
prototip funzjoni.

1491
01:14:36,870 --> 01:14:40,830
Allura dak prototip funzjoni essenzjalment
hija hija l-ewwel jieħu dak

1492
01:14:40,830 --> 01:14:45,060
il-firma jew il-header funzjoni
ta 'dak li rridu li jimplimentaw l isfel

1493
01:14:45,060 --> 01:14:47,420
hawn, u aħna poġġih fuq
il-quċċata ta 'programm.

1494
01:14:47,420 --> 01:14:51,400
>> Allura f'dan il-każ, aħna ngħidu li, ukoll,
aktar tard fil-programm tagħna, aħna qed tmur

1495
01:14:51,400 --> 01:14:55,010
biex tagħmel wegħda biex jimplimentaw dan
funzjoni msejħa kubu int, li jieħu

1496
01:14:55,010 --> 01:14:56,260
input numru sħiħ.

1497
01:14:56,260 --> 01:15:00,870
Allura issa, minħabba li huwa aktar prinċipali,
prinċipali, li għaddej biex ngħid, oh, ukoll,

1498
01:15:00,870 --> 01:15:03,910
aktar tard fil-programm, li għaddej biex tkun
hemm so I jista 'jirreferi għal dan, so I ser

1499
01:15:03,910 --> 01:15:05,230
biss ħallieh għaddej għal issa.

1500
01:15:05,230 --> 01:15:07,660
>> U mbagħad fil-qiegħ,
nimplimentaw kubu.

1501
01:15:07,660 --> 01:15:11,180
U mbagħad ewlenija se biss jgħidu,
ukoll, se sort ta 'link

1502
01:15:11,180 --> 01:15:12,250
dawn iż-żewġ simboli flimkien.

1503
01:15:12,250 --> 01:15:14,320
U aħna ser tkopri dak li
ifisser aktar tard.

1504
01:15:14,320 --> 01:15:17,090
U għalhekk ser tkun taf li dan huwa l-
funzjoni kubu li għandu użu.

1505
01:15:17,090 --> 01:15:19,630

1506
01:15:19,630 --> 01:15:23,383
>> ROB: Il-[inaudible] dwar jixtiequ
prinċipali fil-qiegħ jew

1507
01:15:23,383 --> 01:15:24,880
top, stajt tidher tnejn.

1508
01:15:24,880 --> 01:15:28,630
Hemm affarijiet li ftit simili
tpoġġi prinċipali fil-qiegħ.

1509
01:15:28,630 --> 01:15:32,520
Iżda malli l-proġett gets partikolarment
big, normalment prinċipali jkun ġewwa xi

1510
01:15:32,520 --> 01:15:34,290
fajl kollha tagħha stess.

1511
01:15:34,290 --> 01:15:38,170
U f'dak il-punt, bħall-
linja kubu int kieku -

1512
01:15:38,170 --> 01:15:42,460
ġewwa ta stdio.h huma mazz
ta 'linji bħad li int

1513
01:15:42,460 --> 01:15:44,010
line input int kubu.

1514
01:15:44,010 --> 01:15:50,170
>> U għalhekk dawk l-prototipi huma affarijiet li għandek
tendenza li jitqiegħed fis header files, fi

1515
01:15:50,170 --> 01:15:52,140
li punt, ma jimpurtax.

1516
01:15:52,140 --> 01:15:54,700
Ukoll, ma jimpurtax.

1517
01:15:54,700 --> 01:15:56,070
Dawk dejjem tmur fil-quċċata.

1518
01:15:56,070 --> 01:15:59,490
U jekk prinċipali mhuwiex fajl kollha tagħha stess,
inti ma għandekx għalfejn tinkwieta dwar it-tqegħid

1519
01:15:59,490 --> 01:16:02,360
prototipi funzjoni individwali
fil-fajl.

1520
01:16:02,360 --> 01:16:05,370
>> JOSEPH: U aħna ser jiksbu għal dak ftit
ftit aktar tard meta Rob jibda jitkellem

1521
01:16:05,370 --> 01:16:06,380
dwar kumpilazzjoni.

1522
01:16:06,380 --> 01:16:09,480
U hekk hemm ukoll differenza
bejn parametru u argument.

1523
01:16:09,480 --> 01:16:12,500
U parametru huwa biss dak
nitolbu dawn l-inputs meta

1524
01:16:12,500 --> 01:16:13,820
niddefinixxu l-funzjoni.

1525
01:16:13,820 --> 01:16:16,950
U aħna sejħa hija argument meta aħna
attwalment għaddih fil-funzjoni ta '.

1526
01:16:16,950 --> 01:16:19,600
>> Allura f'dan il-każ, dan huwa parametru,
kif għidna qabel.

1527
01:16:19,600 --> 01:16:24,130
U meta aħna attwalment jużawha hemmhekk,
kubu ta 'x, allura x nnifisha hija

1528
01:16:24,130 --> 01:16:25,910
nsejħu argument
lill-kubu funzjoni.

1529
01:16:25,910 --> 01:16:28,150
>> ROB: Allura argumenti parametru huma -

1530
01:16:28,150 --> 01:16:33,270
hemm din id-distinzjoni, ħafna
konfuż minflok xulxin.

1531
01:16:33,270 --> 01:16:37,090
F'dan il-punt, lili, huwa simili wieħed
dawk il-kliem li meta nara dan fl-

1532
01:16:37,090 --> 01:16:41,190
-selvaġġ, I iżda ma jistax jgħin immedjatament
kwistjoni dwar jekk huma jużaw fil-

1533
01:16:41,190 --> 01:16:44,120
il-kuntest korrett, minħabba li l-
differenza hija sottili biżżejjed li biss

1534
01:16:44,120 --> 01:16:45,500
kulħadd tendenza -

1535
01:16:45,500 --> 01:16:48,530
I kważi dejjem ngħid argument
irrispettivament minn dak li jfisser I.

1536
01:16:48,530 --> 01:16:51,230

1537
01:16:51,230 --> 01:16:54,630
>> JOSEPH: u l-funzjonijiet huma wkoll utli
għal dak li nsejħu effetti sekondarji.

1538
01:16:54,630 --> 01:16:59,230
Allura funzjoni tista 'tieħu l-ebda dħul, u
tista 'wkoll jipproduċu l-ebda riżultati.

1539
01:16:59,230 --> 01:17:03,280
Allura f'dan il-każ partikolari, jiena
tiddefinixxi subroutine li m'għandha l-ebda

1540
01:17:03,280 --> 01:17:03,970
ritorn valur.

1541
01:17:03,970 --> 01:17:07,730
U sabiex jiġi speċifikat li, nużaw
nsejħu vojt hawn fuq.

1542
01:17:07,730 --> 01:17:10,890
U għalhekk l-effett sekondarju ta 'din il-funzjoni
huwa li sempliċiment prints Jittieħed

1543
01:17:10,890 --> 01:17:11,920
biex il-paġna.

1544
01:17:11,920 --> 01:17:13,840
Din attwalment ma tieħu kwalunkwe
inputs, u dan ma

1545
01:17:13,840 --> 01:17:15,360
attwalment jipproduċu xi riżultati.

1546
01:17:15,360 --> 01:17:18,230
>> Iżda dan jista 'jkun utli fis-sens
jekk inti tixtieq li, per eżempju, debug

1547
01:17:18,230 --> 01:17:21,530
xi ħaġa fil-programm tiegħek, jekk inti tixtieq
jiktbu subroutine ftit li

1548
01:17:21,530 --> 01:17:25,160
tistampa, ejja ngħidu, il-kontenut
tal-memorja jew xi ħaġa.

1549
01:17:25,160 --> 01:17:29,800
U hekk dawn l-effetti sekondarji huma kultant
utli barra mill-kuntest

1550
01:17:29,800 --> 01:17:33,010
tal bħad inputs u outputs.

1551
01:17:33,010 --> 01:17:34,260
Kwalunkwe mistoqsijiet?

1552
01:17:34,260 --> 01:17:37,270

1553
01:17:37,270 --> 01:17:44,240
>> U biex jintemm dan segment partikolari,
dak ma dan il-programm do?

1554
01:17:44,240 --> 01:17:47,420
I ser jagħtuk guys koppja ta '
sekondi biex taqra permezz ta 'dan.

1555
01:17:47,420 --> 01:17:52,720

1556
01:17:52,720 --> 01:17:56,880
Fuq livell bażika ħafna, dak li rridu
ngħid huwa li tpartit xuy, right?

1557
01:17:56,880 --> 01:18:00,090
>> Hekk kif ħafna mill inti fil-fatt taħseb
dan se swap xuy?

1558
01:18:00,090 --> 01:18:02,160
Jgħollu naħa tiegħek.

1559
01:18:02,160 --> 01:18:02,760
Ħadd.

1560
01:18:02,760 --> 01:18:03,070
OK.

1561
01:18:03,070 --> 01:18:06,720
Min jaħseb li se
mhux tpartit xuy?

1562
01:18:06,720 --> 01:18:09,120
U s-somma ta 'li ma kien
mhux il-kamra kollha.

1563
01:18:09,120 --> 01:18:10,440
Allura xi nies mhumiex ċert.

1564
01:18:10,440 --> 01:18:10,920
OK.

1565
01:18:10,920 --> 01:18:11,630
C'est raġonevoli.

1566
01:18:11,630 --> 01:18:16,450
>> Mela ejja jgħaddu x'jiġri meta
inti attwalment sejħa funzjonijiet ewwel fl

1567
01:18:16,450 --> 01:18:18,320
Sabiex tingħata risposta għal din il-mistoqsija.

1568
01:18:18,320 --> 01:18:21,430
Allura dan huwa dak memorja
tip ta 'qisu.

1569
01:18:21,430 --> 01:18:23,860
Dan huwa tip ta 'bħal' mudell simplifikat
ta 'dak memorja qisu meta

1570
01:18:23,860 --> 01:18:24,800
inti tmexxi programm.

1571
01:18:24,800 --> 01:18:27,270
Allura hemm xi ħaġa imsejħa
il-munzell down hawn u

1572
01:18:27,270 --> 01:18:28,330
xi ħaġa imsejjaħ il-borġ.

1573
01:18:28,330 --> 01:18:30,950
U dawn jikbru lejn
l-nofs tal-memorja.

1574
01:18:30,950 --> 01:18:33,860
>> Allura f'dan il-każ partikolari, meta
inti sejħa funzjoni, huwa

1575
01:18:33,860 --> 01:18:35,680
gets jitqiegħdu fuq il-munzell.

1576
01:18:35,680 --> 01:18:38,900
U mbagħad ikun x'ikun tinsab f'dak
funzjoni soġġorni fil nsejħu li

1577
01:18:38,900 --> 01:18:40,550
frame munzell funzjoni tal.

1578
01:18:40,550 --> 01:18:44,500
U għalhekk li tikseb viżwalizzazzjoni sbieħ ta '
dan, let's - per eżempju, kellna l-

1579
01:18:44,500 --> 01:18:45,960
programm prinċipali qabel.

1580
01:18:45,960 --> 01:18:47,820
U ġewwa ta 'prinċipali, we called kubu.

1581
01:18:47,820 --> 01:18:50,650
Allura prinċipali irid l-ewwel tmur fuq il-munzell
qafas, għaliex dan huwa l-ewwel funzjoni

1582
01:18:50,650 --> 01:18:51,640
li sejjaħ.

1583
01:18:51,640 --> 01:18:55,740
>> U mbagħad meta kubu huwa msejjaħ ġewwa tal
prinċipali, jiġrilha tpoġġi fuq quċċata ta 'prinċipali

1584
01:18:55,740 --> 01:18:57,790
ġewwa tal-memorja.

1585
01:18:57,790 --> 01:19:02,090
Allura dak li inti ser ikollok avviż hawnhekk hija li kubu
għandha parametri tagħha stess u tagħha

1586
01:19:02,090 --> 01:19:02,950
lokal stess.

1587
01:19:02,950 --> 01:19:06,720
Allura meta inti attwalment jgħaddi xi ħaġa li
funzjoni, il-parametri li

1588
01:19:06,720 --> 01:19:09,910
gets huma kopji ta 'dak li kien
għadda minn prinċipali.

1589
01:19:09,910 --> 01:19:14,140
>> U biex sort ta jispjegaw dan, ejja
walk permezz ta 'programm.

1590
01:19:14,140 --> 01:19:16,960
Allura aħna għandna l-munzell; dan huwa
biss il-porzjon munzell.

1591
01:19:16,960 --> 01:19:21,240
U dak li nagħmlu huwa aħna l-ewwel initialize
x u y għal wieħed u tnejn.

1592
01:19:21,240 --> 01:19:22,400
Allura aħna għandna dawn il-kaxxi ftit.

1593
01:19:22,400 --> 01:19:25,310
Huma qed seduta fil stack prinċipali tal-
qafas fuq il-munzell.

1594
01:19:25,310 --> 01:19:26,580
Huma fihom wieħed u tnejn.

1595
01:19:26,580 --> 01:19:28,820
>> Issa aħna sejħa swap.

1596
01:19:28,820 --> 01:19:33,940
Dak li jiġri huwa aħna jgħaddu xuy fis
tpartit, u swap toħloq kopji tagħha stess

1597
01:19:33,940 --> 01:19:36,520
ta 'dawk il-varjabbli li jintużaw ġewwa
ta 'qafas munzell tagħha.

1598
01:19:36,520 --> 01:19:39,920
Allura issa hemmhekk, għandna, li
fiha l-valur li x kellha, u b,

1599
01:19:39,920 --> 01:19:41,620
li fiha l-valur li y kellhom.

1600
01:19:41,620 --> 01:19:42,670
Allura wieħed, tnejn.

1601
01:19:42,670 --> 01:19:47,130
>> U inti ser ikollok avviż li din tkun separata
mill-x u y ġewwa ta 'prinċipali.

1602
01:19:47,130 --> 01:19:51,390
Allura aħna issa toħloq temporanju
varjabbli li jkun fihom.

1603
01:19:51,390 --> 01:19:56,100
Waqqafna ugwali għal B, u għalhekk
bidliet 1-2.

1604
01:19:56,100 --> 01:19:59,340
U allura aħna waqqafna b ugwali
għal temperatura, li hija waħda.

1605
01:19:59,340 --> 01:20:01,640
>> U allura issa għandna ħruġ out
ta 'din il-funzjoni.

1606
01:20:01,640 --> 01:20:04,310

1607
01:20:04,310 --> 01:20:07,410
Meta inti ħruġ mill-funzjoni, l-
frame munzell gets popped off-munzell.

1608
01:20:07,410 --> 01:20:08,270
Aħna sejħa hija timbotta.

1609
01:20:08,270 --> 01:20:12,750
Timbotta qafas munzell fuq il-munzell
u inti pop jekk off-munzell.

1610
01:20:12,750 --> 01:20:16,080
U għalhekk dak li jiġri huwa dak kollu li
kien f'dak munzell frame tip ta 'ftit

1611
01:20:16,080 --> 01:20:17,280
tmur up fi fjammi.

1612
01:20:17,280 --> 01:20:19,180
U għalhekk li m'għadux jeżisti.

1613
01:20:19,180 --> 01:20:20,470
>> Imma dak li aħna Avviż?

1614
01:20:20,470 --> 01:20:23,690
Aħna qatt ma attwalment bidlu l-
valuri ta 'xuy, right?

1615
01:20:23,690 --> 01:20:26,530
Allura dawk qagħdu lokali prinċipali.

1616
01:20:26,530 --> 01:20:29,900
U billi tgħaddi affarijiet fil-tpartit, aħna
fatt qatt ma nbidlu dawk il-valuri.

1617
01:20:29,900 --> 01:20:31,260
U dak li nsejħu dan?

1618
01:20:31,260 --> 01:20:33,040
Aħna nsejħu dan jgħaddi minn valur.

1619
01:20:33,040 --> 01:20:36,860
>> Għalhekk fl-C, meta inti tgħaddi affarijiet fil-
funzjonijiet, tgħaddi lilhom mill-valur u

1620
01:20:36,860 --> 01:20:40,160
jagħmel kopja minnhom għal
il-funzjoni għall-użu.

1621
01:20:40,160 --> 01:20:43,980
U aħna ser jitgħallmu dwar xi ħaġa imsejħa
tgħaddi b'referenza aktar tard, iżda li

1622
01:20:43,980 --> 01:20:45,390
mod inti tista 'ssolvi din il-problema.

1623
01:20:45,390 --> 01:20:47,080
Imma aħna mhux se joqogħdu jinkwetaw dwar
li sa aktar tard.

1624
01:20:47,080 --> 01:20:52,200
>> ROB: U fil-fatt, dak it-terminu, li jgħaddi
b'referenza, hekk C lanqas ma għandhom

1625
01:20:52,200 --> 01:20:54,270
tgħaddi minn referenzar.

1626
01:20:54,270 --> 01:20:56,760
C esklussivament tkun tgħaddi minn valur.

1627
01:20:56,760 --> 01:20:59,630
Ma jimpurtax dak li inti, inti dejjem
tgħaddi kopja ta 'xi ħaġa.

1628
01:20:59,630 --> 01:21:03,395
Huwa biss li, bħal I sort tal msemmi
li qabel ma pointers

1629
01:21:03,395 --> 01:21:07,690
u li string huwa verament ftit erbgħa
bytes li tipponta lejn someplace fil-memorja.

1630
01:21:07,690 --> 01:21:11,890
>> Ukoll, jekk I jkollhom din string u huwa
javżak me li huwa fejn l-sekwenza -

1631
01:21:11,890 --> 01:21:15,470
ukoll, jekk ikolli dan pointer għal dan
post fil-memorja, imbagħad I jista 'jgħaddi

1632
01:21:15,470 --> 01:21:19,160
kopja ta 'dik pointer għal funzjoni, u
dik il-funzjoni xorta jaf fejn fl

1633
01:21:19,160 --> 01:21:19,780
memorja huwa.

1634
01:21:19,780 --> 01:21:22,950
Allura kemm ta 'dawn pointers huma tipponta
għall-istess post fil-memorja, u

1635
01:21:22,950 --> 01:21:26,460
li kif aħna qed tmur biex tkun tista '
li timmodifika l-affarijiet lil hinn mill-

1636
01:21:26,460 --> 01:21:29,852
frame munzell attwali.

1637
01:21:29,852 --> 01:21:31,040
>> JOSEPH: Tixtieq li tagħmel kumpilazzjoni?

1638
01:21:31,040 --> 01:21:31,820
>> ROB: Le, huwa 05:30.

1639
01:21:31,820 --> 01:21:32,910
>> JOSEPH: OK.

1640
01:21:32,910 --> 01:21:35,040
Huwa 05:30.

1641
01:21:35,040 --> 01:21:35,360
OK.

1642
01:21:35,360 --> 01:21:39,280
Allura aħna se jkopri kompilazzjoni I raden fil-
-taqsima li jmiss, jew is-sezzjoni tiegħek

1643
01:21:39,280 --> 01:21:42,795
mexxej se f'dak il-punt.

1644
01:21:42,795 --> 01:21:43,272
U -

1645
01:21:43,272 --> 01:21:44,630
>> ROB: Kwalunkwe mistoqsijiet?

1646
01:21:44,630 --> 01:21:46,760
>> JOSEPH: Kwalunkwe mistoqsijiet?

1647
01:21:46,760 --> 01:21:47,150
Iva?

1648
01:21:47,150 --> 01:21:52,469
>> SPEAKER 5: Bl-użu kordi minn CS50, kwalunkwe
funzjonijiet li aħna rridu li tuża għal

1649
01:21:52,469 --> 01:21:53,880
dawk, li ser tkun bħal funzjonijiet Ċ.

1650
01:21:53,880 --> 01:21:59,050
CS50 ma marret fi u
għamlet ebda addizzjonali.

1651
01:21:59,050 --> 01:22:01,850
>> ROB: Correct.

1652
01:22:01,850 --> 01:22:08,155
Kwalunkwe wieħed mill-C bħal [inaudible], inti
tuża dawk fuq kordi tagħna.

1653
01:22:08,155 --> 01:22:12,400
>> JOSEPH: U wieħed aħħar ħaġa li nixtieq
jissemma li għandna Gwida tal-Istil

1654
01:22:12,400 --> 01:22:13,130
għal din il-klassi.

1655
01:22:13,130 --> 01:22:13,360
>> ROB: Oh, yeah.

1656
01:22:13,360 --> 01:22:15,270
>> JOSEPH: Mela jekk inti ħadthom ġejjin minn
programmazzjoni isfond qabel, int

1657
01:22:15,270 --> 01:22:17,750
jista 'jkollhom ċerti konvenzjonijiet meta
int bil-miktub kodiċi bħal tqegħid

1658
01:22:17,750 --> 01:22:20,950
braces fuq l-istess linja jew partikolari
modi ta 'indenting

1659
01:22:20,950 --> 01:22:22,240
jew ismijiet varjabbli tiegħek.

1660
01:22:22,240 --> 01:22:26,870
F'din il-klassi, irridu li ssegwi
Gwida tal-Istil speċifiku biss għaliex,

1661
01:22:26,870 --> 01:22:31,100
ukoll, jekk inti tmur out u jaħdmu
industrija, int ser tkun mistennija

1662
01:22:31,100 --> 01:22:34,780
li jsegwu l-gwida tal-istil tal-
kumpanija li fiha inti tmur.

1663
01:22:34,780 --> 01:22:38,040
>> Bħal per eżempju, Facebook I think
għandha tip partikolari ta 'tismija

1664
01:22:38,040 --> 01:22:38,760
konvenzjoni.

1665
01:22:38,760 --> 01:22:42,570
U hemm differenzi bejn ġemel
varjabbli casing u bħad

1666
01:22:42,570 --> 01:22:44,610
tisseparahom ma jenfasizza.

1667
01:22:44,610 --> 01:22:52,170
U wkoll, naħseb aktar importanti, bħall-
per eżempju, indentazzjoni, right?

1668
01:22:52,170 --> 01:22:56,440
>> We do braces kaboċċi tibda fejn
il-kundizzjoni hija, u dawn

1669
01:22:56,440 --> 01:22:57,730
huma fuq il-linja li jmiss.

1670
01:22:57,730 --> 01:23:01,230
U aħna wkoll ipoġġi ċineg kaboċċi fl
anki jekk huwa biss linja waħda.

1671
01:23:01,230 --> 01:23:06,100
U ħafna drabi, hemm modi biex tagħmel
huwa fejn inti tista 'tħalli dawn braces

1672
01:23:06,100 --> 01:23:08,380
off jekk huwa biss linja waħda
taħt l-istqarrija Jekk.

1673
01:23:08,380 --> 01:23:12,070
Iżda f'din il-klassi, irridu li ssegwi
Gwida tal-Istil speċifiku biss hekk ikollok

1674
01:23:12,070 --> 01:23:13,550
użati biex dik it-tip ta 'ħaġa.

1675
01:23:13,550 --> 01:23:16,410
>> ROB: Yeah, u Style 50 se
jinfurzaw din il-gwida istil, u aħna

1676
01:23:16,410 --> 01:23:18,080
ser tuża Style 50
grad kodiċi tiegħek.

1677
01:23:18,080 --> 01:23:25,150
Għalhekk jagħmel l-affarijiet aktar faċli għalina u
nisperaw m'għandekx tagħmel affarijiet li

1678
01:23:25,150 --> 01:23:30,120
ħafna agħar għalik minħabba l-
stil standardizzata m'għandhiex tkun dik

1679
01:23:30,120 --> 01:23:31,460
realistika.

1680
01:23:31,460 --> 01:23:36,000
>> JOSEPH: U fl-aħħarnett, biex isibu l-istil
Gwida, mur manual.cs50.net/style.

1681
01:23:36,000 --> 01:23:37,725
U yeah.

1682
01:23:37,725 --> 01:23:40,575
>> SPEAKER 4: Inti ser tinforza
kull karattru f'kull linja?

1683
01:23:40,575 --> 01:23:42,480
>> ROB: Iva.

1684
01:23:42,480 --> 01:23:45,405
>> JOSEPH: Jiddispjacini, guys.

1685
01:23:45,405 --> 01:23:47,680
>> ROB: Dik hija bħal wieħed mill-uniċi.

1686
01:23:47,680 --> 01:23:50,420
Fuq dan il-punt, I am OK mal 120.

1687
01:23:50,420 --> 01:23:52,460
Jien OK ma qal 120
karattru f'kull linja.

1688
01:23:52,460 --> 01:23:53,830
Nifhem li jkun hemm xi limitu.

1689
01:23:53,830 --> 01:23:57,130
Naħseb 80 tant hija żgħira, iżda
aħna qed jinfurzawha.

1690
01:23:57,130 --> 01:24:00,260
>> JOSEPH: Personalment, naħseb ma
C, 80 karattri huwa aktar OK.

1691
01:24:00,260 --> 01:24:04,160
Ladarba inti tibda jkollna oħra
lingwi bħal JavaScript u PHP, mhux

1692
01:24:04,160 --> 01:24:08,860
hekk raġonevoli li biss jillimitaw
li 80 karattri.

1693
01:24:08,860 --> 01:24:09,260
OK.

1694
01:24:09,260 --> 01:24:12,780
Ukoll, li kien is-sezzjoni super.

1695
01:24:12,780 --> 01:24:14,750
Hawn xi ħadd li tixtieq kandju?

1696
01:24:14,750 --> 01:24:16,000
>> SPEAKER 4: Iva.

1697
01:24:16,000 --> 01:24:18,667