1
00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:00,290

2
00:00:00,290 --> 00:00:03,310
>> SPIKA: Ni zinageuka kuwa HTML si
lugha tu unaweza kutumia ndani ya

3
00:00:03,310 --> 00:00:03,895
ya ukurasa wa mtandao.

4
00:00:03,895 --> 00:00:08,100
Unaweza kutumia kitu kinachoitwa CSS, au
Kuachia Style Sheets, kama vile.

5
00:00:08,100 --> 00:00:12,120
CSS utapata bayana zaidi
just aesthetics ya mtandao

6
00:00:12,120 --> 00:00:16,930
ukurasa, ikiwa ni pamoja na mpangilio na ukubwa na
rangi na fonts na mengi zaidi.

7
00:00:16,930 --> 00:00:20,820
Kwa mfano, hebu kuunda ukurasa wa mtandao
hapa aitwaye CSS0 kwamba inawakilisha

8
00:00:20,820 --> 00:00:22,740
ukurasa wa nyumbani kwa kusema, John Harvard.

9
00:00:22,740 --> 00:00:25,480
>> Katika ukurasa huu, kutakuwa na John Harvard ya
jina, chini ya ambayo itakuwa

10
00:00:25,480 --> 00:00:28,500
ujumbe nzuri kwa ajili ya wageni wake, chini ya
ambayo itakuwa footer, na

11
00:00:28,500 --> 00:00:30,590
kusema, habari baadhi ya hati miliki.

12
00:00:30,590 --> 00:00:34,650
Kwa kufanya hivyo, hebu kufafanua tarafa tatu
kwa ukurasa kwa kutumia tag

13
00:00:34,650 --> 00:00:35,670
aitwaye div.

14
00:00:35,670 --> 00:00:43,880
Open bracket div, John Harvard, karibu
bracket div, mwingine wazi bracket div,

15
00:00:43,880 --> 00:00:48,330
na sasa tutaweza bayana kitu
kama, kuwakaribisha kwa ukurasa wangu nyumbani!

16
00:00:48,330 --> 00:00:50,420
Na hebu karibu div hii, kama vile.

17
00:00:50,420 --> 00:00:53,700
>> Na sasa tatu na ya mwisho
div, hati miliki.

18
00:00:53,700 --> 00:00:58,250
Tu kuwa dhana, napenda kutumia sasa HTML
chombo, ishara kwamba inawakilisha

19
00:00:58,250 --> 00:01:01,140
tabia ya kuwa unaweza si vinginevyo
aina kwenye keyboard yako.

20
00:01:01,140 --> 00:01:07,490
Hasa, mimi nina kwenda kufanya
Ampersand, chupa, 169, semicolon.

21
00:01:07,490 --> 00:01:10,620
Zinageuka kuwa ni kanuni numeric
kwa ishara ya hati miliki.

22
00:01:10,620 --> 00:01:14,260
Basi hebu bayana John Harvard
hapa chini.

23
00:01:14,260 --> 00:01:17,180
Hebu karibu div na kuokoa faili.

24
00:01:17,180 --> 00:01:18,910
>> Sasa, ni nini tag hii div?

25
00:01:18,910 --> 00:01:21,970
tag div tu amefafanua mgawanyiko
ya ukurasa, ambayo kimsingi ni

26
00:01:21,970 --> 00:01:23,310
mstatili kanda.

27
00:01:23,310 --> 00:01:26,850
Hivyo katika wakati huu, mimi na tatu
mikoa mstatili, mmoja juu

28
00:01:26,850 --> 00:01:27,620
ya nyingine.

29
00:01:27,620 --> 00:01:30,610
Hivyo kwa sasa, athari ni karibu kama
mimi, ingawa alikuwa aya tatu.

30
00:01:30,610 --> 00:01:33,490
Lakini hatutaweza kuona kabisa kama vile
nafasi nyeupe katika kati yao.

31
00:01:33,490 --> 00:01:36,170
>> Hebu kuokoa faili hili, kubadilika
ruhusa, na kwa ajili ya kuangalia

32
00:01:36,170 --> 00:01:37,990
sasa katika Chrome.

33
00:01:37,990 --> 00:01:43,040
Chmod a + r CSS0.html.

34
00:01:43,040 --> 00:01:52,440
Hebu sasa kufungua Chrome na ziara
http://localhost.CSS0.html.

35
00:01:52,440 --> 00:01:54,630
Hakika, hapa ukurasa wa nyumbani
kwa John Harvard.

36
00:01:54,630 --> 00:01:59,370
Hebu sasa stylize ni kidogo zaidi
hasa kwa kutumia baadhi ya CSS.

37
00:01:59,370 --> 00:02:03,510
>> Nyuma katika gedit, hebu kwenda katika hii
kwanza div tag na kuongeza style

38
00:02:03,510 --> 00:02:11,060
sifa kubainisha kwamba Ningependa
font ukubwa wa, kusema, 36, saizi ya faili au px.

39
00:02:11,060 --> 00:02:15,650
Na ningependa uzito wa font hii
kuwa na ujasiri badala ya msingi,

40
00:02:15,650 --> 00:02:16,980
ambayo ni ya kawaida.

41
00:02:16,980 --> 00:02:21,170
Kwa div pili, hebu bayana
sifa nyingine style ambayo ina

42
00:02:21,170 --> 00:02:25,550
font ukubwa wa 24 saizi, hivyo
kidogo kidogo kidogo.

43
00:02:25,550 --> 00:02:28,410
Karibu quotes baada ya semicolon.

44
00:02:28,410 --> 00:02:33,255
>> Mwisho, katika div hii ya tatu, hebu kufanya
style ni sawa na quote, ukubwa wa herufi, na

45
00:02:33,255 --> 00:02:35,340
hebu sema 12 saizi wakati huu.

46
00:02:35,340 --> 00:02:37,280
Karibu quote baada ya semicolon.

47
00:02:37,280 --> 00:02:40,200
Taarifa kwamba mimi wanaonekana kuwa na
fulani kidogo ya stylization kwa

48
00:02:40,200 --> 00:02:43,770
kila moja ya haya divs tatu kutumia,
ni zamu nje, CSS.

49
00:02:43,770 --> 00:02:47,820
Kwa kweli, syntax kwamba unaweza kuona katika
kati ya wale quotes mbili ni CSS,

50
00:02:47,820 --> 00:02:50,620
hasa CSS mali
na maadili.

51
00:02:50,620 --> 00:02:53,910
Na kwa kuwa tag kwanza, ambapo nilikuwa
mbili mali hizo, font ukubwa na

52
00:02:53,910 --> 00:02:57,290
font uzito, mimi tu kutengwa
yao kwa semicolon.

53
00:02:57,290 --> 00:02:59,940
>> Sasa, kwa ajili tu ya style, mimi
pia ni pamoja na semicolons katika

54
00:02:59,940 --> 00:03:00,880
mwisho wa kila mstari.

55
00:03:00,880 --> 00:03:04,270
Lakini wao siyo madhubuti muhimu,
hasa wakati moja tu

56
00:03:04,270 --> 00:03:05,580
mali defined.

57
00:03:05,580 --> 00:03:08,370
Hebu sasa kuokoa faili na upya
katika Chrome, na kuona nini

58
00:03:08,370 --> 00:03:11,000
athari wavu ni.

59
00:03:11,000 --> 00:03:13,470
Nyuma katika Chrome hapa,
hebu bonyeza Reload.

60
00:03:13,470 --> 00:03:15,800
>> Sasa tuna kidogo zaidi ya kuvutia
ukurasa wa nyumbani kwa John

61
00:03:15,800 --> 00:03:19,000
Harvard, ambapo mstari wa kwanza na
jina lake, ambayo ni ndani ya kwamba

62
00:03:19,000 --> 00:03:23,470
div kwanza, ni 36 saizi mrefu na pia
boldface, ambapo mstari wa pili,

63
00:03:23,470 --> 00:03:27,340
ambayo ni kwa kuwa div pili, ni 24
saizi mrefu, lakini si boldface.

64
00:03:27,340 --> 00:03:31,500
Na ambapo mstari wa tatu katika kwamba theluthi
div ni 12 saizi mrefu na pia

65
00:03:31,500 --> 00:03:32,610
si boldface.

66
00:03:32,610 --> 00:03:35,380
Lakini tuseme sasa Ningependa kuhama
yote ya kifungu hiki juu ya

67
00:03:35,380 --> 00:03:36,650
kama kwamba ni katikati.

68
00:03:36,650 --> 00:03:40,480
>> Mimi naweza align kila mtu
divs kama kuwa katikati.

69
00:03:40,480 --> 00:03:45,330
Lakini kwa urahisi zaidi, naweza kufuta wale
divs tatu ndani ya div ya nne,

70
00:03:45,330 --> 00:03:49,360
mzazi div, hivyo kusema, na kubainisha
kwamba div na wake wote

71
00:03:49,360 --> 00:03:52,610
kizazi lazima
Nakala iliyokaa katikati?

72
00:03:52,610 --> 00:03:54,120
Hebu tuangalie.

73
00:03:54,120 --> 00:03:58,510
>> Ndani ya gedit, hebu kwenda nyuma yangu
mwili na kuongeza mpya div juu juu kwa

74
00:03:58,510 --> 00:04:04,460
div, style ni sawa na quote unquote
kituo cha Nakala align, karibu

75
00:04:04,460 --> 00:04:06,250
baada ya semicolon kunukuu.

76
00:04:06,250 --> 00:04:10,280
Na sasa, hebu kwenda mbele na Indent wote
ya mistari wale kwamba sisi typed kabla ya.

77
00:04:10,280 --> 00:04:15,040
Na chini ya kwamba div ya tatu, hebu
karibu div hii mpya.

78
00:04:15,040 --> 00:04:18,829
>> Kwa maneno mengine, kwa sababu wale watatu
divs awali ni watoto sasa, hivyo

79
00:04:18,829 --> 00:04:22,110
kusema, mpya mzazi div na nimekuwa
maalum kwamba Ningependa align

80
00:04:22,110 --> 00:04:26,140
Nakala ya kwamba div mzazi katika kituo cha
ya ukurasa, mali ambayo itakuwa

81
00:04:26,140 --> 00:04:28,290
kurithi na wote wa watoto hao.

82
00:04:28,290 --> 00:04:32,370
Hakika, hebu kuokoa faili na
kuangalia katika browser.

83
00:04:32,370 --> 00:04:34,650
Hebu upya katika Chrome.

84
00:04:34,650 --> 00:04:37,540
Na huko tuna yake, hata nicer
ukurasa wa nyumbani kwa John Harvard.

85
00:04:37,540 --> 00:04:39,872