1
00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:10,792

2
00:00:10,792 --> 00:00:11,750
DAVID Malan: zote haki.

3
00:00:11,750 --> 00:00:13,630
Hii ni CS50.

4
00:00:13,630 --> 00:00:15,950
Na hii ni mwanzo wa wiki saba.

5
00:00:15,950 --> 00:00:19,120
Hivyo leo, labda nashiriki,
tunaanza mpito yetu

6
00:00:19,120 --> 00:00:21,630
kutoka ngazi ya chini
dunia ya C programu

7
00:00:21,630 --> 00:00:24,290
kwa kiwango cha juu
dunia ya programu ya mtandao.

8
00:00:24,290 --> 00:00:28,060
Na kwa kuwa, tutaweza kuangalia
katika hasa jinsi biashara kazi,

9
00:00:28,060 --> 00:00:31,920
nini mashine hizo na internets haya
kwamba tumekuwa kutumia kwa miaka sasa

10
00:00:31,920 --> 00:00:35,090
kweli kufanya chini ya Hood ya kutolewa
uelewa mzuri wa jinsi yote

11
00:00:35,090 --> 00:00:37,660
kazi, na jinsi unaweza
kufanya kazi kwa ajili yenu.

12
00:00:37,660 --> 00:00:41,480
>> Kuelekea mwisho kwamba, kwa nini sio sisi kuchukua
kuangalia kwanza kipande cha kutoka TV show

13
00:00:41,480 --> 00:00:45,680
aitwaye Numb3rs, kwamba kupata kwetu kuanza
kama na hasa jinsi biashara kazi.

14
00:00:45,680 --> 00:00:46,964

15
00:00:46,964 --> 00:00:47,630
[Video avspelning]

16
00:00:47,630 --> 00:00:49,858
-Ni Ni 32-bit IPP4 eneo.

17
00:00:49,858 --> 00:00:50,794
-IP.

18
00:00:50,794 --> 00:00:51,730
Hiyo ni biashara.

19
00:00:51,730 --> 00:00:52,640
>> -Private Mtandao.

20
00:00:52,640 --> 00:00:53,865
Ni mtandao binafsi Amita ya.

21
00:00:53,865 --> 00:01:06,635

22
00:01:06,635 --> 00:01:08,120
Oh, yeye ni hivyo ajabu.

23
00:01:08,120 --> 00:01:09,605

24
00:01:09,605 --> 00:01:11,120
>> -Oh, Charlie.

25
00:01:11,120 --> 00:01:12,640
>> -Ni Ni kioo anwani ya IP.

26
00:01:12,640 --> 00:01:15,672
Yeye kuruhusu sisi kuangalia nini
yeye anafanya katika muda halisi.

27
00:01:15,672 --> 00:01:16,505
[MWISHO video avspelning]

28
00:01:16,505 --> 00:01:19,570
DAVID Malan: Hivyo kuna nzima
mengi ya kibaya na kwamba show TV.

29
00:01:19,570 --> 00:01:23,250
Basi hebu tease mbali hasa
moja ya kwanza ya mambo kama

30
00:01:23,250 --> 00:01:25,210
na kuona kama hatuwezi kufuta
akili zetu kuzunguka.

31
00:01:25,210 --> 00:01:28,110
Hivyo sura ya mwisho ya
kwamba movie, ya kwamba show

32
00:01:28,110 --> 00:01:30,360
ni moja hii hapa, ambayo
inaonekana zinaonyesha kwamba hii

33
00:01:30,360 --> 00:01:33,300
ni nini baadhi hacker ni kutumia
kupata katika baadhi ya mfumo.

34
00:01:33,300 --> 00:01:33,875
>> Lakini hakuna.

35
00:01:33,875 --> 00:01:36,030
Kama kuvuta hii
chanzo code, ambayo

36
00:01:36,030 --> 00:01:40,210
ni lugha inayoitwa C Lengo katika
ambayo iPhone programu, programu iPad, na Mac

37
00:01:40,210 --> 00:01:42,060
Programu OS yameandikwa,
utaona kwamba hii

38
00:01:42,060 --> 00:01:45,400
ni kwa ajili ya baadhi ya aina ya kuchora mpango
ambayo ina crayon kama kutofautiana.

39
00:01:45,400 --> 00:01:47,800

40
00:01:47,800 --> 00:01:51,880
>> Hivyo kuongeza, unaweza
niliona anwani hii hapa.

41
00:01:51,880 --> 00:01:53,330
Sasa, hii ni kama makosa.

42
00:01:53,330 --> 00:01:56,740
Na hii ni pengine kwa makusudi waliochaguliwa
kuwa anwani batili hivyo kwamba

43
00:01:56,740 --> 00:02:00,010
haina kweli kusababisha mahali fulani
kama kweli TV mtazamaji ziara yake.

44
00:02:00,010 --> 00:02:02,620
Lakini idadi hii hapa,
kitu dot kitu

45
00:02:02,620 --> 00:02:05,799
dot dot kitu ambacho ni nini
ujumla inayojulikana kama IP.

46
00:02:05,799 --> 00:02:07,840
Na ni kweli nzuri
segue mada hii zaidi

47
00:02:07,840 --> 00:02:10,930
Kwa ujumla, inayojulikana kama
IP, biashara itifaki.

48
00:02:10,930 --> 00:02:14,210
Hivyo wameweza pengine angalau
kusikia msemo huu kabla.

49
00:02:14,210 --> 00:02:18,980
Lakini ni nini IP, au biashara
itifaki kama wewe kuelewa leo?

50
00:02:18,980 --> 00:02:21,376

51
00:02:21,376 --> 00:02:23,625
Ni tabia mbaya, kama sisi aliuliza kwa
show ya mikono, zaidi ya wewe

52
00:02:23,625 --> 00:02:26,880
pengine alisema
maneno IP kabla.

53
00:02:26,880 --> 00:02:27,955
Hivyo nini maana?

54
00:02:27,955 --> 00:02:29,578

55
00:02:29,578 --> 00:02:30,779
>> Watazamaji: [inaudible]?

56
00:02:30,779 --> 00:02:31,820
DAVID Malan: Nini hiyo?

57
00:02:31,820 --> 00:02:33,170
Watazamaji: [inaudible]?

58
00:02:33,170 --> 00:02:33,455
DAVID Malan: Mara zaidi.

59
00:02:33,455 --> 00:02:34,840
Watazamaji: mitaani ya kompyuta.

60
00:02:34,840 --> 00:02:35,950
DAVID Malan:
anwani ya kompyuta.

61
00:02:35,950 --> 00:02:36,949
Hivyo hiyo ni sahihi kabisa.

62
00:02:36,949 --> 00:02:39,660
Ni zinageuka kuwa kila
kompyuta kwenye mtandao,

63
00:02:39,660 --> 00:02:42,940
na siku hizi, kila simu katika yako
mfukoni na kibao katika mkoba wako,

64
00:02:42,940 --> 00:02:45,880
ina anwani ya IP, biashara
itifaki ya mitaani, ambayo

65
00:02:45,880 --> 00:02:49,379
ni anwani kipekee kwamba kubainisha
, katika biashara ya nzima.

66
00:02:49,379 --> 00:02:51,920
Sasa, hiyo ni kidogo ya nyeupe
uongo kwa sababu dunia ni kweli

67
00:02:51,920 --> 00:02:53,240
mbio nje ya anwani ya IP.

68
00:02:53,240 --> 00:02:55,900
>> Hivyo tumekuwa kuanza kutumia
binafsi IP anwani.

69
00:02:55,900 --> 00:02:57,160
Lakini zaidi juu ya kwamba katika wakati huu.

70
00:02:57,160 --> 00:03:00,731
Lakini unaweza kufikiria IP
kama kama huduma yako ya posta mitaani

71
00:03:00,731 --> 00:03:01,230
eneo.

72
00:03:01,230 --> 00:03:04,160
Tumekuwa kutumia mfano wa Maxwell
Dworkin, jengo CS, before-

73
00:03:04,160 --> 00:03:07,920
33 Oxford Street Cambridge,
Misa, 02138, USA.

74
00:03:07,920 --> 00:03:10,400
Hiyo ni anwani yake ya kipekee katika dunia.

75
00:03:10,400 --> 00:03:12,547
>> Vile vile kufanya kompyuta
kuwa anwani ya kipekee.

76
00:03:12,547 --> 00:03:14,380
Wao tu kutokea kwa
kuangalia different- kidogo

77
00:03:14,380 --> 00:03:17,219
idadi dot dot idadi
idadi dot idadi.

78
00:03:17,219 --> 00:03:19,760
Na haina mtu yeyote kweli kujua
nini mbalimbali halali ya namba

79
00:03:19,760 --> 00:03:21,105
ni kwa ajili ya kila mmoja wa hashes hizo?

80
00:03:21,105 --> 00:03:21,604
Yeah.

81
00:03:21,604 --> 00:03:23,045
>> Watazamaji: 0-255?

82
00:03:23,045 --> 00:03:23,920
DAVID Malan: Hasa.

83
00:03:23,920 --> 00:03:25,450
0-255.

84
00:03:25,450 --> 00:03:28,360
Na hata kama wewe hawakujua
kwamba, sasa kuteka hitimisho,

85
00:03:28,360 --> 00:03:31,130
jinsi bits wengi ni kutumika kuwakilisha
kila ya namba hizi basi?

86
00:03:31,130 --> 00:03:32,232

87
00:03:32,232 --> 00:03:34,440
Nane inaonekana kwa sababu ya
juu unaweza kuhesabu

88
00:03:34,440 --> 00:03:36,720
ni 255, hiyo ni thamani ya 8-bit.

89
00:03:36,720 --> 00:03:38,980
Hivyo kwa jumla, anwani ya IP ni 32 bits.

90
00:03:38,980 --> 00:03:41,310
Hivyo kufunga usambazaji kwa
hitimisho hisabati,

91
00:03:41,310 --> 00:03:43,900
jinsi wengi iwezekanavyo IP
ni pale katika dunia, basi?

92
00:03:43,900 --> 00:03:46,990

93
00:03:46,990 --> 00:03:50,100
>> Hivyo hiyo ni pamoja na 8 8 pamoja 8
pamoja 8, hivyo hiyo ni 32 bits.

94
00:03:50,100 --> 00:03:52,490
Na tumekuwa daima alisema kwamba
2-32 ni takribani?

95
00:03:52,490 --> 00:03:53,940

96
00:03:53,940 --> 00:03:54,440
OK.

97
00:03:54,440 --> 00:03:55,273
Mimi itabidi uwanja huu moja.

98
00:03:55,273 --> 00:03:55,864
Wanne bilioni.

99
00:03:55,864 --> 00:03:58,780
Na kuongelea kwamba katika wiki
sifuri wakati sisi aliyesema kuhusu vitabu simu

100
00:03:58,780 --> 00:04:00,170
na namba mambo ya kurasa.

101
00:04:00,170 --> 00:04:03,450
Lakini aina ya ni kwamba kuna
idadi finite ya anwani ya IP.

102
00:04:03,450 --> 00:04:05,740
Na hata kama bilioni nne
inaweza kuonekana kama mengi,

103
00:04:05,740 --> 00:04:07,770
sisi binadamu wamekuwa
kuteketeza kabisa chache

104
00:04:07,770 --> 00:04:10,350
wao kwa wote wa server yetu
na vifaa na kadhalika.

105
00:04:10,350 --> 00:04:12,170
>> Hivyo hii ni kweli kuwa tatizo.

106
00:04:12,170 --> 00:04:16,500
Sasa, kuna huelekea kuwa
mpango nyuma ambaye ana nini IP.

107
00:04:16,500 --> 00:04:18,560
Kwa mfano, wengi wa
kompyuta katika Harvard

108
00:04:18,560 --> 00:04:21,810
kuwa anwani kipekee kwamba kuanza
na moja ya maadili hizi mbili.

109
00:04:21,810 --> 00:04:23,560
MIT, vile vile, ina kiambishi.

110
00:04:23,560 --> 00:04:26,889
Na mengi ya makampuni na vyuo vikuu
kuwa ya kipekee yao wenyewe kiambishi.

111
00:04:26,889 --> 00:04:29,680
Na kisha wengi wetu kwa ajili ya nyumba zetu
uhusiano internet na kama,

112
00:04:29,680 --> 00:04:33,575
sisi kushiriki baadhi kiambishi kwamba Comcast
au mtu kama kwamba kinachotokea kwa wenyewe.

113
00:04:33,575 --> 00:04:36,640
Na hii ni tu kusema kwamba kama wewe
inaonekana katika kompyuta nyingi juu ya chuo,

114
00:04:36,640 --> 00:04:40,070
wao d pengine IP
anwani kwamba inaonekana kama hii.

115
00:04:40,070 --> 00:04:43,180
>> Sasa, unaweza pia mara kwa mara kuona
IP ni kuanza kama hii.

116
00:04:43,180 --> 00:04:46,150
Kwa kweli, kama yoyote ya wewe kukulia
na upatikanaji wa mtandao nyumbani,

117
00:04:46,150 --> 00:04:49,270
na wewe walikuwa milele kutosha
kitaalam curious poke kuzunguka

118
00:04:49,270 --> 00:04:51,800
mazingira yako mwenyewe kompyuta,
pengine badala

119
00:04:51,800 --> 00:04:56,990
aliona anwani kwamba inaonekana zaidi kama
hii, ambayo ilianza na 10, au 172.6,

120
00:04:56,990 --> 00:05:00,480
au 192.168, au baadhi ya variants yake.

121
00:05:00,480 --> 00:05:04,025
>> Na kwamba tu ina maana kwamba dunia
ni kuweka kando rundo zima la idadi

122
00:05:04,025 --> 00:05:06,400
kuwa binafsi, ambayo ina maana
unaweza kutumia yao katika nyumba yako,

123
00:05:06,400 --> 00:05:08,941
unaweza hata kutumia yao juu yako
chuo na ndani ya kampuni yako,

124
00:05:08,941 --> 00:05:10,970
lakini huwezi matumizi yao
kwenye mtandao kubwa.

125
00:05:10,970 --> 00:05:13,320
>> Na hivyo hizi binafsi
IPS kuwa ufumbuzi

126
00:05:13,320 --> 00:05:16,990
kuelekea kuhakikisha kwamba angalau hivyo
Mbali kama dunia nzima ni wasiwasi,

127
00:05:16,990 --> 00:05:18,890
sisi siyo kutumia anwani ya IP kwamba wengi.

128
00:05:18,890 --> 00:05:22,840
Lakini angalau, tunaweza, juu yetu wenyewe
chuo, na pretty much kama IPS wengi

129
00:05:22,840 --> 00:05:23,590
kama tunataka.

130
00:05:23,590 --> 00:05:24,410
Lakini anayejali?

131
00:05:24,410 --> 00:05:28,500
Nini umuhimu wa haya yote
kwa matumizi halisi ya biashara?

132
00:05:28,500 --> 00:05:31,450
>> Naam, hebu tuangalie
labda picha rahisi hapa.

133
00:05:31,450 --> 00:05:33,550
Napenda kupitia wote wawili wa
haya juu kwenye screen.

134
00:05:33,550 --> 00:05:36,050
Na kusamehe hati yangu hapa.

135
00:05:36,050 --> 00:05:39,500
Lakini kama sisi kufikiria wenyewe kama
kuwa hii mbali kidogo hapa

136
00:05:39,500 --> 00:05:41,830
mahali fulani juu ya chuo,
siku hizi ina Wi-Fi.

137
00:05:41,830 --> 00:05:44,180
>> Lakini katika yesteryear na kama
kupata ADAPTER haki,

138
00:05:44,180 --> 00:05:47,420
inaweza kuwa na ethernet cable
ambayo itakuwa vile vile basi

139
00:05:47,420 --> 00:05:49,130
kuungana na baadhi ya aina ya kifaa.

140
00:05:49,130 --> 00:05:51,090
Na unaweza kupiga hii
idadi yoyote ya mambo.

141
00:05:51,090 --> 00:05:55,930
Lakini mimi nina kwenda mbele na wito huu,
kwa sasa, vipi kuhusu kupata uhakika?

142
00:05:55,930 --> 00:05:57,690
>> Hivyo hii ni mbali yangu.

143
00:05:57,690 --> 00:06:01,130
Hii ni AP yangu, au kupata uhakika,
na hii ni baadhi kifaa wireless,

144
00:06:01,130 --> 00:06:04,400
si tofauti na wale kwamba Harvard
ina kote dari

145
00:06:04,400 --> 00:06:07,420
na kuta kuzunguka chuo
kuwa na blinking taa

146
00:06:07,420 --> 00:06:10,930
na kwamba ni nini Laptops yako
kutumika kwa majadiliano wirelessly

147
00:06:10,930 --> 00:06:12,160
kwa mapumziko ya mtandao.

148
00:06:12,160 --> 00:06:14,880
>> Hivyo kwa namna fulani mbali hii ni kuzungumza
kwa kuwa jambo juu ya ukuta,

149
00:06:14,880 --> 00:06:16,540
katika ukumbi dining, au mahali pengine.

150
00:06:16,540 --> 00:06:21,410
Sasa, wakati huo huo, kwamba kupata uhakika ni
kushikamana na kitu kingine juu ya chuo.

151
00:06:21,410 --> 00:06:24,810
Na pengine kitu
inayojulikana kama kubadili.

152
00:06:24,810 --> 00:06:27,690
Na wao kuangalia mengi zaidi ya kuvutia
kuliko tu michoro haya sanduku.

153
00:06:27,690 --> 00:06:29,760
>> Lakini kwa namna fulani, kwamba jambo ni
kushikamana na kubadili.

154
00:06:29,760 --> 00:06:31,900
Na kwa upande mwingine, kwa namna fulani
kwamba kubadili ni kushikamana

155
00:06:31,900 --> 00:06:35,890
kifaa kwamba pengine
kidogo kubwa, iitwayo router.

156
00:06:35,890 --> 00:06:37,930
Na kisha, wakati huo huo,
Harvard ni kushikamana

157
00:06:37,930 --> 00:06:41,210
kwa biashara ya nzima ambayo
tutaweza kuteka kama wingu hii hapa,

158
00:06:41,210 --> 00:06:43,850
kupitia baadhi ya idadi ya nyaya
au wireless teknolojia.

159
00:06:43,850 --> 00:06:46,670
>> Hivyo kuna mengi ya hatua kati ya
mimi na wengine wa dunia.

160
00:06:46,670 --> 00:06:49,620
Na kwa kweli, hata ndani ya
picha hii hapa,

161
00:06:49,620 --> 00:06:52,634
kuna baadhi ya watumishi wengine
au huduma zinazohusika.

162
00:06:52,634 --> 00:06:54,800
Na mimi nina kwenda tu kuteka
hizi kiasi fulani abstractly

163
00:06:54,800 --> 00:06:57,050
hivyo tu kwamba tuna
Vifupisho mbele yetu.

164
00:06:57,050 --> 00:06:57,993
>> Moja inaitwa DHCP.

165
00:06:57,993 --> 00:06:59,330

166
00:06:59,330 --> 00:07:03,440
Na mtu mwingine, zaidi kidogo
linalovutia kwa leo, anaitwa DNS.

167
00:07:03,440 --> 00:07:09,160
Basi hizi ni seva ambazo ni namna fulani
kupatikana kwa kompyuta yangu pia.

168
00:07:09,160 --> 00:07:10,910
Hivyo sasa, hebu tease
mbali kidogo ya jargon.

169
00:07:10,910 --> 00:07:13,410
Hivyo kupata uhakika ni
tu kifaa hiki wireless

170
00:07:13,410 --> 00:07:16,079
mara nyingi kwa Antena kwamba kweli
basi wewe kuzungumza na wirelessly.

171
00:07:16,079 --> 00:07:17,870
Nyumbani, unaweza kuwaita
hii router nyumbani.

172
00:07:17,870 --> 00:07:21,550
Inaweza kufanywa na Linksys, au Apple,
au D-Link, au idadi yoyote ya makampuni.

173
00:07:21,550 --> 00:07:23,930
Kwamba, kwa upande wake, ni kushikamana
kwa kubadili wa aina fulani.

174
00:07:23,930 --> 00:07:28,287
Au kurudi nyumbani, ni nini yako Wi-Fi
kifaa pengine kushikamana na badala yake?

175
00:07:28,287 --> 00:07:30,370
Kwa sababu wewe pengine kufanya si
kumiliki hii ya vifaa vya wote.

176
00:07:30,370 --> 00:07:31,900

177
00:07:31,900 --> 00:07:32,400
Yeah.

178
00:07:32,400 --> 00:07:36,379
Cable Modem DSL Modem au kurudi nyumbani
kwamba got kutoka Verizon, au Comcast,

179
00:07:36,379 --> 00:07:37,420
au mmoja wa wale flygbolag.

180
00:07:37,420 --> 00:07:41,520
Hivyo kufikiri ya yote ya utata hii
kama kusaidia chuo kikuu au kweli

181
00:07:41,520 --> 00:07:42,920
biashara kama Comcast.

182
00:07:42,920 --> 00:07:44,690
Na kwa kweli, mambo
hiyo ni katika nyumba yako

183
00:07:44,690 --> 00:07:46,800
pengine upande huu
ya uzio pamoja labda

184
00:07:46,800 --> 00:07:50,380
mmoja wa haya nyumbani route-- moja
haya ni modems cable au DSL

185
00:07:50,380 --> 00:07:51,720
modems wapate kutoa.

186
00:07:51,720 --> 00:07:55,650
>> Hivyo kubadili tu kifaa na
rundo zima la jacks data ndani yake.

187
00:07:55,650 --> 00:07:58,940
Kwa kweli, kama unakumbuka kwamba habari
Ripoti sisi alicheza kwenye screen kubwa

188
00:07:58,940 --> 00:08:01,930
michache ya wiki iliyopita ambapo sisi
walikuwa wanazungumza juu ya ganda mshtuko,

189
00:08:01,930 --> 00:08:03,270
na jinsi mbaya hii ilikuwa?

190
00:08:03,270 --> 00:08:05,850
Na kulikuwa na wa haya
picha ya nyaya, na jacks,

191
00:08:05,850 --> 00:08:07,569
na mambo ambayo kuangalia kiufundi?

192
00:08:07,569 --> 00:08:10,360
Wale walikuwa tu swichi bubu kwamba
tu biashara unajumuisha kompyuta

193
00:08:10,360 --> 00:08:12,810
kwa plugging nyaya ndani yao.

194
00:08:12,810 --> 00:08:14,140
>> Hivyo hiyo ni kubadili yote ni.

195
00:08:14,140 --> 00:08:16,363
Sasa, haya vifaa kupata
kidogo zaidi ya kuvutia.

196
00:08:16,363 --> 00:08:16,863
DHCP.

197
00:08:16,863 --> 00:08:17,846

198
00:08:17,846 --> 00:08:20,470
Kama wameweza poked karibu yako
kompyuta nyumbani au hata juu ya chuo,

199
00:08:20,470 --> 00:08:21,845
unaweza kuwa na kuonekana kifupi hii.

200
00:08:21,845 --> 00:08:24,480
Je, mtu yeyote kujua nini DHCP server ni?

201
00:08:24,480 --> 00:08:25,560

202
00:08:25,560 --> 00:08:27,360
Nguvu jeshi Configuration itifaki?

203
00:08:27,360 --> 00:08:28,324

204
00:08:28,324 --> 00:08:30,490
Si aina ya kitu unaweza
kweli wanahitaji kuandika.

205
00:08:30,490 --> 00:08:30,990
DHCP.

206
00:08:30,990 --> 00:08:32,480

207
00:08:32,480 --> 00:08:33,891
mtu yeyote wakati wote?

208
00:08:33,891 --> 00:08:34,390
Wote haki.

209
00:08:34,390 --> 00:08:35,520
Basi hebu rewind hadithi.

210
00:08:35,520 --> 00:08:39,210
Kama hadithi hapa katika mkono yalitegemea
juu yangu kuwa anwani kipekee

211
00:08:39,210 --> 00:08:42,909
katika dunia, anwani ya IP,
ambapo gani kwamba kuja kutoka?

212
00:08:42,909 --> 00:08:44,640
Katika yesteryear, wakati
nimepata chuo,

213
00:08:44,640 --> 00:08:47,790
wewe kweli alikuwa kuuliza mtu katika
Harvard, kile lazima anwani yangu ya IP kuwa.

214
00:08:47,790 --> 00:08:49,873
Na wewe ungekuwa manually
aina yake kwenye kompyuta yako.

215
00:08:49,873 --> 00:08:53,770
Lakini hivi karibuni zaidi, teknolojia
kuwepo kwamba kuruhusu dynamically,

216
00:08:53,770 --> 00:08:58,460
DHCP, kupata anwani ya IP tu wakati
kuziba katika chuo wirelessly

217
00:08:58,460 --> 00:08:59,220
au na waya.

218
00:08:59,220 --> 00:09:03,800
Hivyo DHCP server ni server
kwamba anatoa kompyuta yako IP kipekee

219
00:09:03,800 --> 00:09:06,349
anwani, kiasi fulani nasibu
au kupitia baadhi algorithm.

220
00:09:06,349 --> 00:09:08,390
Lakini kama unafikiri nyuma
wiki chache au miaka michache,

221
00:09:08,390 --> 00:09:10,670
wakati wewe kwanza kusajiliwa
kompyuta yako juu ya chuo,

222
00:09:10,670 --> 00:09:13,957
wewe walikuwa kuwaambia Harvard, kuidhinisha
mimi kunipa IP.

223
00:09:13,957 --> 00:09:15,915
Sasa DNS kuanza kupata
kidogo zaidi ya kuvutia.

224
00:09:15,915 --> 00:09:17,050

225
00:09:17,050 --> 00:09:18,940
Jina la uwanja mfumo.

226
00:09:18,940 --> 00:09:21,970
Je, mtu yeyote wanataka kuchukua kumchoma
nini jambo hili ni hapa?

227
00:09:21,970 --> 00:09:26,195
>> Ni Sava moja au zaidi kuwa
kufanya kazi haki rahisi kwamba

228
00:09:26,195 --> 00:09:26,945
aina ya muhimu.

229
00:09:26,945 --> 00:09:30,150

230
00:09:30,150 --> 00:09:31,130
Yeah.

231
00:09:31,130 --> 00:09:33,810
>> Watazamaji: tafsiri URL [inaudible].

232
00:09:33,810 --> 00:09:34,560
DAVID Malan: Yeah.

233
00:09:34,560 --> 00:09:38,970
Ni tafsiri URL kwa IP
anwani na kinyume chake.

234
00:09:38,970 --> 00:09:41,310
Fikiria, baada ya yote, kwamba
wakati wa kwenda kwenye tovuti,

235
00:09:41,310 --> 00:09:46,200
aina katika kitu kama facebook.com,
au google.com, au harvard.edu,

236
00:09:46,200 --> 00:09:50,620
wewe hakika hawajawahi typed
zaidi uwezekano IP numeric.

237
00:09:50,620 --> 00:09:52,490
>> Na unaweza kufikiria sababu.

238
00:09:52,490 --> 00:09:54,910
Nyuma katika siku, hata
sasa kwa kiasi fulani,

239
00:09:54,910 --> 00:09:58,030
wakati kufanya simu
kuwaita kwa kampuni,

240
00:09:58,030 --> 00:10:02,275
wao kweli kujaribu vigumu kununua wenyewe
Namba 800 kwamba kweli ina maneno

241
00:10:02,275 --> 00:10:06,140
ndani yake, kama 1-800-kukusanya au kitu
hiyo ni ya kukumbukwa kama kwamba ili

242
00:10:06,140 --> 00:10:10,692
watu hawana kukumbuka kile
C-O-L-L-E-C-T kweli expands.

243
00:10:10,692 --> 00:10:12,400
Hivyo tumeona hii
heuristic katika siku za nyuma.

244
00:10:12,400 --> 00:10:15,720
Na kwa kweli, kwamba ni nini anwani ya IP
na nini tutaweza kuwaita majina jeshi

245
00:10:15,720 --> 00:10:18,120
au kikamilifu waliohitimu
majina ya uwanja kufanya kwa ajili yetu.

246
00:10:18,120 --> 00:10:22,610
Ni inaruhusu sisi anwani servrar
kwa maneno badala ya namba.

247
00:10:22,610 --> 00:10:24,560
Hivyo ni jinsi gani sisi kweli
kuona uongofu huu.

248
00:10:24,560 --> 00:10:26,393
Mimi nina kwenda mbele
na kufungua programu.

249
00:10:26,393 --> 00:10:26,975

250
00:10:26,975 --> 00:10:29,350
Mimi tu kwenda kwa kwenda mbele
na kufungua dirisha terminal.

251
00:10:29,350 --> 00:10:31,933
Na mimi nina kwenda mbele na
kuonyesha nini server DNS gani.

252
00:10:31,933 --> 00:10:35,700
Kwa mfano, kama mimi alitaka kuona
nini anwani ya IP ni ya Facebook,

253
00:10:35,700 --> 00:10:37,720
Siwezi aina katika terminal
kuchochea kama this--

254
00:10:37,720 --> 00:10:40,010
na unaweza kufanya hivyo hata
ndani ya appliance yako.

255
00:10:40,010 --> 00:10:41,595
Na kwamba Luke facebook.com.

256
00:10:41,595 --> 00:10:43,220

257
00:10:43,220 --> 00:10:44,500
>> Na mimi kuona rundo la mambo.

258
00:10:44,500 --> 00:10:48,097
Hii jibu kwanza ni
Harvard DNS server--

259
00:10:48,097 --> 00:10:49,930
kwamba picha kwamba nimekuwa
inayotolewa huko. --that ya

260
00:10:49,930 --> 00:10:54,300
kuniambia kwamba Facebook IP
anwani ni inaonekana huu.

261
00:10:54,300 --> 00:10:58,650
Hivyo basi mimi kwenda mbele na
nakala ya kwamba 173.252.120.16.

262
00:10:58,650 --> 00:11:00,960
Na napenda kufungua Chrome juu ya Mac yangu.

263
00:11:00,960 --> 00:11:06,690
Na napenda kwenda http: // na kuweka
anwani kwamba IP katika na hit Enter.

264
00:11:06,690 --> 00:11:08,950
>> Na kwa kweli, mimi kupata mwenyewe katika Facebook.

265
00:11:08,950 --> 00:11:11,090
Hivyo kwa namna fulani kwamba uongofu,
Hakika, kilichotokea.

266
00:11:11,090 --> 00:11:15,314
Na kama mimi kufanya hili tena, hebu
kufanya nslookup, www.google.com.

267
00:11:15,314 --> 00:11:17,302
Mimi kupata nyuma rundo zima la majibu.

268
00:11:17,302 --> 00:11:20,010
Na kwa kweli, kuna njia tofauti
kwamba makampuni kutekeleza hili.

269
00:11:20,010 --> 00:11:22,440
Wakati mwingine, wao kuwaambia dunia
wana moja IP.

270
00:11:22,440 --> 00:11:25,824
>> Lakini kwamba anwani moja IP anapata kutatuliwa
au mapped kwa seva nyingi.

271
00:11:25,824 --> 00:11:27,740
Au katika kesi ya Google,
wao kuwaambia dunia,

272
00:11:27,740 --> 00:11:29,510
tuna rundo zima la anwani ya IP.

273
00:11:29,510 --> 00:11:33,910
Laptop yako ni kuwakaribisha kwa majadiliano
wasiliana moja yoyote ya servrar haya.

274
00:11:33,910 --> 00:11:36,200
Basi wote wa hiyo imekuwa kwenda
juu ya chini ya Hood.

275
00:11:36,200 --> 00:11:40,830
>> Wakati aina katika www.google.com kuingia
ndani ya browser yako, browser yako,

276
00:11:40,830 --> 00:11:46,180
na katika kugeuka uendeshaji yako, Mac
OS, au Windows, au Ubuntu Linux,

277
00:11:46,180 --> 00:11:51,010
kuuliza DNS server jirani, ni nini
anwani halisi ya seva hii.

278
00:11:51,010 --> 00:11:54,330
Sababu kifaa mwisho
katika picha hii, router,

279
00:11:54,330 --> 00:11:57,840
ni moja ambao lengo katika
maisha ni njia ya habari,

280
00:11:57,840 --> 00:12:01,150
njia pakiti hivyo kusema,
bahasha ya habari digital

281
00:12:01,150 --> 00:12:06,320
zenye zeroes na wale kutoka
mtumaji kwa marudio, kutoka asili

282
00:12:06,320 --> 00:12:07,200
na mpokeaji.

283
00:12:07,200 --> 00:12:09,760
>> Na hivyo njia router mambo ya ajabu.

284
00:12:09,760 --> 00:12:13,000
Hivyo ni kwa nini hii yote
muhimu hasa?

285
00:12:13,000 --> 00:12:16,000
Naam, hebu kuangalia
jinsi hii inaweza kutumika.

286
00:12:16,000 --> 00:12:21,600
Tuseme kwamba mimi hapa
picha ya Rob Boden.

287
00:12:21,600 --> 00:12:22,690

288
00:12:22,690 --> 00:12:25,150
Hivyo kudhani kuwa nataka
kutuma picha hii ya Rob Boden

289
00:12:25,150 --> 00:12:27,530
ndani ya Dan nyuma
ya ukumbi.

290
00:12:27,530 --> 00:12:29,976
>> Hivyo mimi kompyuta
kama laptop yangu, na Dan

291
00:12:29,976 --> 00:12:31,600
ni baadhi nyingine kompyuta kwenye mtandao.

292
00:12:31,600 --> 00:12:34,380
Na mimi nataka kutuma pakiti
habari kutoka kwangu naye.

293
00:12:34,380 --> 00:12:37,952
Kwamba begs swali, jinsi gani mimi
kweli njia pakiti hii kwake.

294
00:12:37,952 --> 00:12:40,660
Vizuri, katika suala binadamu, napenda kusema,
hey, unaweza kupita hii Dan?

295
00:12:40,660 --> 00:12:42,826
>> Na kisha, rundo la yenu
pengine kupita nyuma

296
00:12:42,826 --> 00:12:45,890
na nje na kurudi mpaka
hatimaye hufanya njia yake juu ya Dan.

297
00:12:45,890 --> 00:12:47,700
Lakini hiyo ni imprecise kidogo.

298
00:12:47,700 --> 00:12:50,370
Kompyuta pengine haja ya
kuwa methodical zaidi kidogo.

299
00:12:50,370 --> 00:12:53,190
Hivyo pengine, Dan ina anwani ya IP.

300
00:12:53,190 --> 00:12:57,190
Hivyo kile kweli mimi lazima kufanya ni mimi lazima
kuchukua, kwa mfano, bahasha tupu

301
00:12:57,190 --> 00:12:58,140
kama hii.

302
00:12:58,140 --> 00:13:00,130
Na mimi sijui nini
Dan IP ni.

303
00:13:00,130 --> 00:13:04,300
>> Hivyo nina kwenda tu
kujumlisha kama Dan IP.

304
00:13:04,300 --> 00:13:07,511
Na mimi nina kwenda kuweka hii katika
uwanja wa bahasha yangu.

305
00:13:07,511 --> 00:13:09,010
Na wakati huo huo, nina IP.

306
00:13:09,010 --> 00:13:10,610
Haijalishi leo ni nini.

307
00:13:10,610 --> 00:13:15,130
Hivyo mimi nina kwenda tu kusema yangu
IP katika kona ya nyuma huko.

308
00:13:15,130 --> 00:13:19,350
Na kisha, mimi nina kwenda mbele na kuweka
picha hii ndani ya bahasha hii.

309
00:13:19,350 --> 00:13:22,800
>> Na kisha, kila mmoja wenu, labda,
kama ruta kwenye mtandao,

310
00:13:22,800 --> 00:13:25,470
wamekuwa preconfigured na
binadamu kwa ujumla au wakati mwingine

311
00:13:25,470 --> 00:13:29,854
na algorithms automatiska kujua kwamba
kama Dan IP huanza na 1,

312
00:13:29,854 --> 00:13:30,770
ni lazima kwenda kwa njia hiyo.

313
00:13:30,770 --> 00:13:33,300
Kama Dan IP huanza na
2, ni lazima kwenda kwa njia hiyo.

314
00:13:33,300 --> 00:13:34,450
Labda 3 huenda njia hiyo.

315
00:13:34,450 --> 00:13:35,575
Labda 4 huenda njia hiyo.

316
00:13:35,575 --> 00:13:36,700
Na kwamba ni kidogo overly.

317
00:13:36,700 --> 00:13:38,670
Simplistic lakini hiyo ni wazo kwa ujumla.

318
00:13:38,670 --> 00:13:42,370
Kila routers-- haya na kuna nguvu
kuwa kama wengi kama 30 kati ya mimi na Dan.

319
00:13:42,370 --> 00:13:45,140
--have baadhi ya aina ya spreadsheet
ndani ya kumbukumbu zao,

320
00:13:45,140 --> 00:13:49,070
meza database, kwamba tu anasema,
IP kwamba inaonekana kama hii,

321
00:13:49,070 --> 00:13:49,730
huenda njia hii.

322
00:13:49,730 --> 00:13:51,960
IP kwamba inaonekana
kama hii, huenda kwa njia hiyo.

323
00:13:51,960 --> 00:13:54,750
Na kwamba ni jinsi inafanya
maamuzi ya haki simplistic.

324
00:13:54,750 --> 00:13:59,440
>> Lakini zinageuka kuwa ruta haya kufanya
kitu zaidi kuliko kuwa, uwezekano.

325
00:13:59,440 --> 00:14:03,550
Wao kuruhusu kompyuta
dhamana ya kujifungua, angalau

326
00:14:03,550 --> 00:14:05,000
pamoja na uwezekano mkubwa.

327
00:14:05,000 --> 00:14:08,340
Hivyo unaweza, pia, tumesikia, hata kama
wewe sijawahi kabisa kumjali au najiuliza

328
00:14:08,340 --> 00:14:12,140
ni nini, unaweza kuwa na habari
wa kitu kwa kifupi hii.

329
00:14:12,140 --> 00:14:15,500
Hebu kwenda nyuma juu hapa kwa
muda tu na kuvuta up hii.

330
00:14:15,500 --> 00:14:18,550
>> TCP, kudhibiti maambukizi ya itifaki.

331
00:14:18,550 --> 00:14:21,494
Njia nyingine ya kiufundi ya tu
kuelezea teknolojia nyingine

332
00:14:21,494 --> 00:14:22,660
kwamba kutumika kwenye mtandao.

333
00:14:22,660 --> 00:14:24,809
Hivyo IP, biashara itifaki
ni kutumika kwa ajili ya kushughulikia.

334
00:14:24,809 --> 00:14:27,100
Ni baadhi ya kiwango kwamba
dunia alikuja na kwamba alisema,

335
00:14:27,100 --> 00:14:31,059
kuweka moja IP hapa kwa Dan,
na moja IP hapa kwa ajili yako mwenyewe,

336
00:14:31,059 --> 00:14:33,100
na kisha kuweka baadhi ya
habari katika bahasha.

337
00:14:33,100 --> 00:14:36,600
>> Lakini TCP ni teknolojia nyingine,
kutumika kwa kushirikiana na IP.

338
00:14:36,600 --> 00:14:38,970
Na kwa kweli, kama wameweza milele
kuonekana Vifupisho haya kabla,

339
00:14:38,970 --> 00:14:42,110
ve pengine kuona
TCP IP kufyeka ambayo tu

340
00:14:42,110 --> 00:14:43,900
ina maana watu huwa na matumizi yao kwa pamoja.

341
00:14:43,900 --> 00:14:47,570
Naam, TCP ni aina ya
baridi kwa sababu inaruhusu

342
00:14:47,570 --> 00:14:50,220
wewe kuongeza uwezekano
kwamba data ni kweli

343
00:14:50,220 --> 00:14:51,970
kwenda kupata kutoka kwangu Dan.

344
00:14:51,970 --> 00:14:54,080
>> Kwa kweli, biashara ni mahali mambo.

345
00:14:54,080 --> 00:14:56,530
Hakuna uhakika kwamba
kama mimi kutuma data kwa njia hii

346
00:14:56,530 --> 00:14:58,530
kwamba ni kwenda
kwamba njia wakati mwingine kote.

347
00:14:58,530 --> 00:14:59,905
Ni wanaweza kwenda kuwa njia au njia hiyo.

348
00:14:59,905 --> 00:15:02,680
umbali mfupi kati ya
pointi mbili si lazima

349
00:15:02,680 --> 00:15:04,860
moja kwa moja au mstari huo.

350
00:15:04,860 --> 00:15:07,170
>> Aidha, baadhi yenu
guys wanaweza kufanya makosa

351
00:15:07,170 --> 00:15:09,780
au kupata kuzidiwa na pia
bahasha wengi kuja njia yako.

352
00:15:09,780 --> 00:15:10,940
Hivyo tu kwenda
kutoa juu na halisi

353
00:15:10,940 --> 00:15:13,050
tone baadhi ya hizi
bahasha juu ya sakafu.

354
00:15:13,050 --> 00:15:16,930
Na kwa njia hiyo hiyo inaweza kuwa data
imeshuka juu ya mtandao kwa ruta.

355
00:15:16,930 --> 00:15:18,680
Hivyo kupungua
tabia mbaya ya hii, mimi nina kwenda

356
00:15:18,680 --> 00:15:21,980
kuchukua usalama mdogo wangu
mkasi hapa na kukata Rob

357
00:15:21,980 --> 00:15:26,140
katika, hebu sema, nne
vipande, makundi manne.

358
00:15:26,140 --> 00:15:27,210

359
00:15:27,210 --> 00:15:33,350
>> Na sasa, mimi nina kwenda mbele na
kuweka moja zaidi kipande cha habari

360
00:15:33,350 --> 00:15:34,610
juu ya bahasha hii.

361
00:15:34,610 --> 00:15:39,630
Mimi nina kwenda kusema kitu kama, 1 ya 4.

362
00:15:39,630 --> 00:15:43,370
Hivyo sasa, bahasha yangu ya mwisho, katika
angalau kwanza, inaonekana kama hii.

363
00:15:43,370 --> 00:15:45,500
Mimi nina kwenda mbele
na kuweka hii moja katika hapa.

364
00:15:45,500 --> 00:15:47,070

365
00:15:47,070 --> 00:15:53,430
Na kwa ajili ya muda, mimi nina kwenda
studio wengine identically kama 2 ya 4,

366
00:15:53,430 --> 00:15:57,760
3 ya 4, 4 ya 4.

367
00:15:57,760 --> 00:16:02,170
>> Tena, na anwani Dan IP katika
mbele yake na anwani yangu ya IP

368
00:16:02,170 --> 00:16:06,660
juu ya nyuma kushoto, lakini mimi
hawezi kuwatuma bado tu.

369
00:16:06,660 --> 00:16:08,930
Kwa sababu ni zamu nje
kwamba kwenye mtandao,

370
00:16:08,930 --> 00:16:10,980
servrar wanaweza kufanya mambo mbalimbali.

371
00:16:10,980 --> 00:16:14,300
Kwa kweli, sisi wote wanaweza kutumia mtandao
kidogo kabisa, mtandao duniani kote,

372
00:16:14,300 --> 00:16:16,139
http: // chochote.

373
00:16:16,139 --> 00:16:17,930
Lakini kuna wengine
huduma kwenye mtandao.

374
00:16:17,930 --> 00:16:21,760
Je, ni baadhi ya huduma nyingine, aina
ya mtumiaji, matumizi ya kirafiki huduma

375
00:16:21,760 --> 00:16:25,020
kwamba spring kwa akili badala ya
kivinjari aina ya mpango wa?

376
00:16:25,020 --> 00:16:26,724

377
00:16:26,724 --> 00:16:27,390
Watazamaji: Email.

378
00:16:27,390 --> 00:16:28,180
DAVID Malan: Email.

379
00:16:28,180 --> 00:16:28,410
OK.

380
00:16:28,410 --> 00:16:28,630
Nzuri.

381
00:16:28,630 --> 00:16:29,446
Nini mtu mwingine?

382
00:16:29,446 --> 00:16:30,070
Watazamaji: Chat.

383
00:16:30,070 --> 00:16:32,780
DAVID Malan: Hivyo kuzungumza, kama
ni Skype, au Gchat, au kitu

384
00:16:32,780 --> 00:16:33,992
kama hiyo.

385
00:16:33,992 --> 00:16:34,817
>> Watazamaji: Uhifadhi.

386
00:16:34,817 --> 00:16:37,150
DAVID Malan: Hivyo baadhi ya aina ya
huduma ya kuhifadhi, bila ya shaka.

387
00:16:37,150 --> 00:16:39,004
Kitu kama Dropbox,
au Box, au kama.

388
00:16:39,004 --> 00:16:40,920
Hivyo kuna tofauti
huduma kwenye mtandao.

389
00:16:40,920 --> 00:16:44,090
Na zinageuka kuwa Dan,
kama yeye ni kweli kompyuta,

390
00:16:44,090 --> 00:16:46,520
hana kuwa wakfu
kwa jambo moja katika maisha.

391
00:16:46,520 --> 00:16:49,650
Yeye kweli wanaweza kufanya mambo mbalimbali.

392
00:16:49,650 --> 00:16:51,740
Na kwa kweli, anaweza kuwa email server.

393
00:16:51,740 --> 00:16:53,270
Anaweza kuwa mtandao wa kompyuta.

394
00:16:53,270 --> 00:16:55,120
Anaweza kuwa mazungumzo server.

395
00:16:55,120 --> 00:16:57,600
>> Lakini kwamba inaonekana zinaonyesha
kwamba Dan mahitaji ya kujua

396
00:16:57,600 --> 00:17:01,010
mapema ni nini
yaliyomo ya ujumbe huu.

397
00:17:01,010 --> 00:17:02,830
Je, hii ni ukurasa wa mtandao Mimi kutuma yake?

398
00:17:02,830 --> 00:17:04,140
Je, ni email mimi nina kutuma yake?

399
00:17:04,140 --> 00:17:05,930
Je, ni papo
Ujumbe mimi nina kutuma yake?

400
00:17:05,930 --> 00:17:08,630
Hivyo tunahitaji moja zaidi kipande cha
habari juu ya hizi bahasha

401
00:17:08,630 --> 00:17:10,930
hivyo kwamba Dan, wakati yeye
inapata bahasha hii,

402
00:17:10,930 --> 00:17:13,119
anajua mpango wa kutumia kuonyesha yake.

403
00:17:13,119 --> 00:17:14,200
>> Je, ni browser?

404
00:17:14,200 --> 00:17:15,170
Je, ni ya Google?

405
00:17:15,170 --> 00:17:16,170
Je, ni Skype?

406
00:17:16,170 --> 00:17:19,760
Au ni Outlook au baadhi
mpango mwingine kabisa?

407
00:17:19,760 --> 00:17:23,740
Na hivyo, kwa TCP inakuja
tu mkataba wa binadamu.

408
00:17:23,740 --> 00:17:26,930
dunia aliamua baadhi ya miaka
iliyopita kujiunga integers kipekee

409
00:17:26,930 --> 00:17:28,520
pamoja na huduma maarufu zaidi.

410
00:17:28,520 --> 00:17:31,920
>> Moja ya iitwayo Picha Transfer Itifaki,
FTP, ingawa ni kidogo tarehe ya sasa.

411
00:17:31,920 --> 00:17:34,150
Lakini utambulisho wake wa kipekee ni 21.

412
00:17:34,150 --> 00:17:39,020
SMTP kwa utlandet email, kipekee yake
kitambulisho ni 25 kwa sababu tu.

413
00:17:39,020 --> 00:17:43,616
DNS, jambo kuongelea awali,
anatumia simu 53 kwa ajili ya maswali yake.

414
00:17:43,616 --> 00:17:45,365
Kama ni nini IP
anwani ya google.com?

415
00:17:45,365 --> 00:17:46,580

416
00:17:46,580 --> 00:17:49,790
>> Na sasa, zaidi ya ukoo you
wanaweza kuwa mahali fulani katika baadhi ya uhakika

417
00:17:49,790 --> 00:17:52,620
kuona idadi ya 80 na labda 443.

418
00:17:52,620 --> 00:17:55,822
Wale ni ya kipekee
vitambulisho kwa HTTP,

419
00:17:55,822 --> 00:17:57,530
ambayo ni lugha
tutaweza haraka kuona kutumika

420
00:17:57,530 --> 00:18:00,000
kwa trafiki mtandao kati ya
browsers na servrar.

421
00:18:00,000 --> 00:18:02,740
Na 443 ni kwa ajili ya
salama toleo yake.

422
00:18:02,740 --> 00:18:05,530
>> Hivyo undani moja iliyopita mimi nina
kwenda kuweka juu ya bahasha yangu

423
00:18:05,530 --> 00:18:08,530
ni kwamba mimi si kwenda kwa
kutuma hii tu Dan IP.

424
00:18:08,530 --> 00:18:13,630
Mimi nina kwenda kutuma kwa kusema,
: 80, kama nini mimi kujaribu kupeleka

425
00:18:13,630 --> 00:18:16,862
naye ni ukurasa wa mtandao, ukurasa wa mtandao
kwamba ina picha Rob Boden ya.

426
00:18:16,862 --> 00:18:19,320
Hivyo nina kwenda kufanya hivyo
Jambo juu ya bahasha hizi nyingine.

427
00:18:19,320 --> 00:18:23,620
>> Na kisha hatimaye, mimi nina kwenda kushuka
hizi mbali na router karibu,

428
00:18:23,620 --> 00:18:26,300
kutambua kwamba
router nguvu si lazima

429
00:18:26,300 --> 00:18:28,210
kuchukua njia moja kila wakati.

430
00:18:28,210 --> 00:18:30,900
Kwa kweli, mimi ili kuwa na
pakiti ya kwanza ya kwenda njia hii.

431
00:18:30,900 --> 00:18:32,670
Pakiti Pili ili kwenda kwa njia hiyo.

432
00:18:32,670 --> 00:18:34,250
Tatu packet-- kuanza routing.

433
00:18:34,250 --> 00:18:35,420
--might kwenda zaidi ya hapa.

434
00:18:35,420 --> 00:18:36,440

435
00:18:36,440 --> 00:18:39,530
Na katika theory-- hawezi kuitunza.

436
00:18:39,530 --> 00:18:43,660
Katika nadharia, kila minne ya pakiti hizi
lazima hatimaye njia njia yao,

437
00:18:43,660 --> 00:18:46,940
Hata hivyo kwa ufanisi au inefficiently,
njia yote ya nyuma.

438
00:18:46,940 --> 00:18:51,560
>> Saa ambayo kumweka, Dan, juu ya
risiti, unaweza reassemble nao

439
00:18:51,560 --> 00:18:55,735
msingi on-- Kitu funny ni,
sisi wote kujua nini matokeo hapa

440
00:18:55,735 --> 00:18:56,360
ni kwenda kuwa.

441
00:18:56,360 --> 00:18:57,600
Dan kwenda kupata picha ya Rob.

442
00:18:57,600 --> 00:18:58,974
Lakini hebu angalia jinsi hii matendo nje.

443
00:18:58,974 --> 00:18:59,664

444
00:18:59,664 --> 00:19:02,080
Vizuri, badala, Dan kwenda
kupata sehemu ya picha ya Rob.

445
00:19:02,080 --> 00:19:04,286

446
00:19:04,286 --> 00:19:04,785
Nzuri sana.

447
00:19:04,785 --> 00:19:06,200

448
00:19:06,200 --> 00:19:07,580
Kila mtu kushiriki leo.

449
00:19:07,580 --> 00:19:09,200

450
00:19:09,200 --> 00:19:09,910
Wote haki.

451
00:19:09,910 --> 00:19:13,870
Hivyo kama Dan kuanza kupokea hizi
pakiti, hebu kuuliza swali moja.

452
00:19:13,870 --> 00:19:18,820
Nini kama mmoja wenu anapata wavivu,
overloaded, malicious, au tu powered

453
00:19:18,820 --> 00:19:22,570
mbali, na moja au zaidi ya
mfuko haina kufanya hivyo kwa Dan?

454
00:19:22,570 --> 00:19:26,920
>> Jinsi ni Dan kwenda kujua hakufanya
kupokea moja ya makundi ya nne

455
00:19:26,920 --> 00:19:28,040
Mimi alimtuma?

456
00:19:28,040 --> 00:19:30,040
Tu intuitively, tunaweza kufanya nini?

457
00:19:30,040 --> 00:19:30,540
Yeah?

458
00:19:30,540 --> 00:19:31,456
>> Watazamaji: [inaudible].

459
00:19:31,456 --> 00:19:35,885

460
00:19:35,885 --> 00:19:36,760
DAVID Malan: Hasa.

461
00:19:36,760 --> 00:19:40,250
Kwa sababu nimekuwa kipekee kuhesabiwa kwao, na
Nimekuwa iliyotajwa jinsi makundi kuna wengi

462
00:19:40,250 --> 00:19:44,030
lazima, anaweza infer kutoka kwamba
ambayo, kama wapo, wa makundi

463
00:19:44,030 --> 00:19:45,070
yeye kweli kukosa.

464
00:19:45,070 --> 00:19:48,770
Na nini TCP anaelezea kompyuta
kufanya, kama kompyuta, kama Mac OS,

465
00:19:48,770 --> 00:19:52,510
na Windows, Linux na msaada
na kuelewa TCP, ambayo wao kufanya,

466
00:19:52,510 --> 00:19:57,010
Nyaraka TCP ya kimsingi
anasema kwamba Dan lazima kutuma mimi

467
00:19:57,010 --> 00:20:00,580
ujumbe nyuma akisema, hey, Daudi,
Mimi kukosa pakiti namba 1 ya 4,

468
00:20:00,580 --> 00:20:02,290
au 3 ya 4, kwa namna yoyote ni.

469
00:20:02,290 --> 00:20:06,016
>> Na kisha, kazi yangu ni kuchukua
picha nyingine ya Rob,

470
00:20:06,016 --> 00:20:09,140
ambayo tuna ziada ya baadaye leo
kama Ningependa kuchukua moja na wewe,

471
00:20:09,140 --> 00:20:13,550
na kisha naweza kutuma upya sehemu kwamba
ya Rob njia yote ya nyuma.

472
00:20:13,550 --> 00:20:16,380
>> Hivyo kama simplistic kama
mfumo huu ni kwamba

473
00:20:16,380 --> 00:20:20,310
ni nini kinatokea wakati wowote
wewe kufanya kitu kwenye mtandao,

474
00:20:20,310 --> 00:20:22,530
hasa kwa ajili ya haya
maarufu wa huduma.

475
00:20:22,530 --> 00:20:26,500
Kuna itifaki nyingine,
teknolojia nyingine badala ya TCP

476
00:20:26,500 --> 00:20:27,880
kwamba kazi tofauti kidogo.

477
00:20:27,880 --> 00:20:33,040
Lakini wengi wa huduma sisi kawaida
kutumia kweli wanategemea itifaki hizi.

478
00:20:33,040 --> 00:20:35,720
>> Hivyo Dan, je, kupata
picha kamili huko?

479
00:20:35,720 --> 00:20:36,220
Ndiyo.

480
00:20:36,220 --> 00:20:37,840
Tuna reassembled Rob katika nyuma.

481
00:20:37,840 --> 00:20:39,610
Asante sana kwa ruta.

482
00:20:39,610 --> 00:20:43,260
Tuseme, mimi kwa kweli wanataka
kuona ruta kati ya mimi

483
00:20:43,260 --> 00:20:46,400
na MIT, kiasi kama wewe guys walikuwa
ruta kati ya mimi na Dan.

484
00:20:46,400 --> 00:20:49,500
>> Vizuri, badala ya nslookup
kwa jina server Luke,

485
00:20:49,500 --> 00:20:53,150
Siwezi badala aina kuwaeleza njia, ambayo
ni kweli kwenda kufanya nini anasema.

486
00:20:53,150 --> 00:20:55,240
Na mimi nina kwenda kufanya na
utulivu mode na dash 1.

487
00:20:55,240 --> 00:20:57,448
Ni hoja mstari amri
kwamba tu anasema, jaribu hii

488
00:20:57,448 --> 00:20:58,740
mara moja na si nyingi mara.

489
00:20:58,740 --> 00:21:02,210
>> Na sasa, mimi nina kwenda aina www.mit.edu.

490
00:21:02,210 --> 00:21:05,660
Sasa, pato ni
haki ya haraka na cryptic.

491
00:21:05,660 --> 00:21:08,300
Lakini nini nadhifu kuhusu hili
ni kwamba kila mmoja wa safu hizi

492
00:21:08,300 --> 00:21:10,750
kimsingi inawakilisha
mwanafunzi katika watazamaji hii

493
00:21:10,750 --> 00:21:13,870
kama ungekuwa njia kati ya mimi na MIT.

494
00:21:13,870 --> 00:21:17,930
Nini kuona hapa, kwanza, ni
jina la uwanja kwamba mimi typed katika,

495
00:21:17,930 --> 00:21:20,500
au kikamilifu waliohitimu domain
jina kama ni vizuri kuitwa.

496
00:21:20,500 --> 00:21:24,420
>> Na hii inaonekana ni
IP ya www.mit.edu.

497
00:21:24,420 --> 00:21:26,260
Kompyuta yangu figured kwamba nje kwa ajili yangu.

498
00:21:26,260 --> 00:21:29,170
Hii hapa ni ahadi
kwamba sisi ni kwenda tu

499
00:21:29,170 --> 00:21:31,490
kujaribu kufikia MIT ndani ya 30 humle.

500
00:21:31,490 --> 00:21:34,180
Kuna bora kuwa hakuna zaidi ya
Wanafunzi 30 kati ya mimi na Dan.

501
00:21:34,180 --> 00:21:37,870
Na sasa, kila mmoja wa safu hizi
inawakilisha halisi router

502
00:21:37,870 --> 00:21:40,280
kati ya mimi na Dan,
halisi moja ya guys.

503
00:21:40,280 --> 00:21:42,950
>> Na hivyo hii moja haionekani
kuwa na jina, jina la uwanja.

504
00:21:42,950 --> 00:21:44,150
Ni tu ina IP.

505
00:21:44,150 --> 00:21:49,439
Na tu alichukua 0.662 milliseconds
kupata kutoka kwangu kwamba router kwanza.

506
00:21:49,439 --> 00:21:51,230
moja ya pili ilikuwa si
kiasi kwamba mbali mbali.

507
00:21:51,230 --> 00:21:53,560
Ni tu alichukua moja
millisecond ya kufika huko.

508
00:21:53,560 --> 00:21:56,280
Na sasa, nashiriki, mambo
kupata kidogo zaidi user-kirafiki

509
00:21:56,280 --> 00:21:58,860
na majina kwamba ni cryptic
lakini kidogo zaidi kuwaambia.

510
00:21:58,860 --> 00:22:03,440
>> Hii inaonekana ni router katika
msingi wa mtandao wa Harvard makazi,

511
00:22:03,440 --> 00:22:06,330
tu kwa sababu watu walituambia
huu, katika Kituo cha Sayansi, SC.

512
00:22:06,330 --> 00:22:11,720
Na GW ni tu nukuu shorthand kwa
lango ambayo ni kisawe kwa router.

513
00:22:11,720 --> 00:22:14,630
Hivyo hii ni baadhi ya mfumo
msimamizi superscript njia

514
00:22:14,630 --> 00:22:17,230
ya kutaja moja ya servrar
katika Center Sayansi.

515
00:22:17,230 --> 00:22:20,360
>> Wakati huo huo, kwamba server ni inaonekana
kushikamana na baadhi ya aina ya cable

516
00:22:20,360 --> 00:22:24,760
router mwingine hiyo jina la utani
mpaka lango dash moja

517
00:22:24,760 --> 00:22:26,770
kitu chochote namba wale maana.

518
00:22:26,770 --> 00:22:29,230
Na kisha, inaonekana,
Harvard ina uhusiano

519
00:22:29,230 --> 00:22:31,340
hiyo ni millisecond mwingine
mbali na kitu

520
00:22:31,340 --> 00:22:35,590
aitwaye njia panda ya kaskazini
ambayo ni ya kawaida peering hatua

521
00:22:35,590 --> 00:22:38,430
kati ya maeneo makubwa kama Harvard
ambapo kura ya cabling huenda katika

522
00:22:38,430 --> 00:22:40,870
na inaruhusu kuunganishwa
miongoni mwa vyombo mbalimbali.

523
00:22:40,870 --> 00:22:43,700
>> Hatua sita, kwa bahati mbaya,
hana jina halali.

524
00:22:43,700 --> 00:22:45,370
Na hatua saba anapata kuvutia.

525
00:22:45,370 --> 00:22:46,820

526
00:22:46,820 --> 00:22:49,260
Mimi sijui nini zaidi ya haya maana.

527
00:22:49,260 --> 00:22:50,875
Lakini NY haina kuruka nje saa yangu.

528
00:22:50,875 --> 00:22:52,375
Na je kwamba pengine yanamaanisha?

529
00:22:52,375 --> 00:22:54,810

530
00:22:54,810 --> 00:22:56,520
Ni hata kiufundi.

531
00:22:56,520 --> 00:22:57,400
Tu New York.

532
00:22:57,400 --> 00:23:00,510
Hivyo kweli, nini ya kawaida ya binadamu
mkataba si uhakika

533
00:23:00,510 --> 00:23:04,730
lakini mkataba kawaida ni jina ruta
kwa asili ya mji au uwanja wa ndege

534
00:23:04,730 --> 00:23:05,960
kificho kwamba wao ni karibu na.

535
00:23:05,960 --> 00:23:08,630
>> Hivyo pamoja na baadhi ya uwezekano,
idadi hii router saba

536
00:23:08,630 --> 00:23:10,270
pengine ni kweli, katika New York.

537
00:23:10,270 --> 00:23:13,020
Na hii inaonekana ili kuthibitisha
kwamba dhana kwa sababu ni

538
00:23:13,020 --> 00:23:16,700
milliseconds sita badala ya moja tu
au hivyo kwa kitu hapa juu ya chuo.

539
00:23:16,700 --> 00:23:19,900
Lakini sasa kuchukua kwamba katika akaunti,
haki juu ya Megabus au whatnot,

540
00:23:19,900 --> 00:23:23,810
inaweza kuchukua, tano, masaa manne sita
kupata binadamu kutoka hapa New York.

541
00:23:23,810 --> 00:23:28,040
>> Kupata kipande cha data, ni
inachukua milliseconds sita tu

542
00:23:28,040 --> 00:23:31,020
kupata pakiti kutoka kwangu Dan kama
angekuwa njia yote katika New York.

543
00:23:31,020 --> 00:23:36,832
Kisha hatimaye, hii inaonekana ni
jina halisi ya uwanja kwa www.mit.edu.

544
00:23:36,832 --> 00:23:38,790
Wameweza inaonekana
outsourced server yao ya mtandao

545
00:23:38,790 --> 00:23:42,030
kwa kampuni inayoitwa Akamai ambayo ina maana
baadhi ya kampuni nyingine anaendesha server yao.

546
00:23:42,030 --> 00:23:44,380
Na kwamba ni kwa nini sisi ni kuona
jambo weird huko.

547
00:23:44,380 --> 00:23:45,720
>> Naam, hebu kufanya hili mara moja zaidi.

548
00:23:45,720 --> 00:23:49,150
Hebu kwenda mbele na kufanya kuwaeleza
njia ya rafiki yetu Profesa Nick

549
00:23:49,150 --> 00:23:52,955
Parlante katika Stanford ambaye ana
server aitwaye nifty.stanfor.edu.

550
00:23:52,955 --> 00:23:55,870

551
00:23:55,870 --> 00:23:56,980
Kuingia.

552
00:23:56,980 --> 00:23:59,460
Na sasa, tutaweza kuona pengine
njia kidogo tena

553
00:23:59,460 --> 00:24:00,960
kwamba huenda kwa njia ya miji michache zaidi.

554
00:24:00,960 --> 00:24:03,160
Hivyo hapa haya Nameless
Servrar Harvard hapa.

555
00:24:03,160 --> 00:24:05,660
Tuko katika msingi wa Harvard,
mpaka lango la Harvard,

556
00:24:05,660 --> 00:24:08,081
njia panda ya kaskazini,
popote hii ni.

557
00:24:08,081 --> 00:24:10,080
Na sasa, ni kupata
kidogo zaidi ya kuvutia.

558
00:24:10,080 --> 00:24:12,960
Mimi guessing kwamba router
idadi nane ni katika mji gani?

559
00:24:12,960 --> 00:24:14,210
Watazamaji: [INTERPOSING VOICES]

560
00:24:14,210 --> 00:24:18,570
DAVID Malan: Chicago pengine, kulingana
juu ya hili, kulingana na jambo hili hapa.

561
00:24:18,570 --> 00:24:25,220
Na sasa tuna Salt Lake City labda,
labda Los Angeles hapa, na kisha LAX,

562
00:24:25,220 --> 00:24:27,690
yep, hii pengine ni LA na chini.

563
00:24:27,690 --> 00:24:29,940
Mpaka hatimaye, unaendelea
kutoka kusini mwa California

564
00:24:29,940 --> 00:24:34,420
njia yote hadi kaskazini mwa California
ambapo Stanford ni katika Palo Alto.

565
00:24:34,420 --> 00:24:35,299
Hivyo pretty baridi.

566
00:24:35,299 --> 00:24:36,840
Na hebu kuchukua hatua hii moja zaidi.

567
00:24:36,840 --> 00:24:39,000
Inaonekana ingekuwa
kuchukua wewe 82 milliseconds

568
00:24:39,000 --> 00:24:42,360
kutuma ujumbe kwa Dan kama ungekuwa
katika California badala ya New York.

569
00:24:42,360 --> 00:24:45,090
Hebu kufanya kitu
kama kuwaeleza njia, moja

570
00:24:45,090 --> 00:24:51,350
kujaribu www.cnn.co.jp kwa
Japan toleo la tovuti ya CNN.

571
00:24:51,350 --> 00:24:52,540

572
00:24:52,540 --> 00:24:54,910
Na sasa, bado tuko katika
Boston inaonekana kwa sasa.

573
00:24:54,910 --> 00:24:56,050

574
00:24:56,050 --> 00:24:58,165
>> servrar wanandoa sita na
nane si akijibu

575
00:24:58,165 --> 00:24:59,790
kwa sababu wao ni kuwa kidogo binafsi.

576
00:24:59,790 --> 00:25:04,970
Lakini hatimaye, inaonekana kuna kuwa
kitu kuvutia kinachoendelea kati,

577
00:25:04,970 --> 00:25:08,395
hebu sema, hatua saba na tisa.

578
00:25:08,395 --> 00:25:09,800

579
00:25:09,800 --> 00:25:12,610
Nini pengine ni kati ya
saba na tisa, na kwa hakika

580
00:25:12,610 --> 00:25:14,610
kati ya saba na hatua 17?

581
00:25:14,610 --> 00:25:18,090

582
00:25:18,090 --> 00:25:20,210
Kuna kuruka mkubwa
katika kiasi cha muda

583
00:25:20,210 --> 00:25:23,540
ni kuchukua kwa data kwenda kutoka moja
ya humle haya, moja ya ruta haya

584
00:25:23,540 --> 00:25:24,060
na mwingine.

585
00:25:24,060 --> 00:25:27,310
>> Hivyo ni tabia mbaya, mahali fulani katika
hapa, kuna pengine,

586
00:25:27,310 --> 00:25:31,440
hasa haki hapa, kuna pengine
mwili kubwa sana ya maji ambayo

587
00:25:31,440 --> 00:25:35,320
ina baadhi Pacific trans au trans
Atlantic cable kwamba kweli inahitaji

588
00:25:35,320 --> 00:25:37,710
wakati hata zaidi kwa data kwa
kupata kutoka hatua moja hadi nyingine.

589
00:25:37,710 --> 00:25:40,690
Lakini tena, kufikiria masaa
itachukua kuruka kwa Japan.

590
00:25:40,690 --> 00:25:45,786
Hapa, katika baadhi ya 200 milliseconds,
boom, ujumbe wako ni kweli huko.

591
00:25:45,786 --> 00:25:48,160
Hivyo unaweza kucheza karibu na
huu juu ya appliance au hata

592
00:25:48,160 --> 00:25:50,940
katika Windows au Mac OS na
amri tofauti kidogo.

593
00:25:50,940 --> 00:25:53,860
Wakati mwingine, utapata nyota hizi,
kama katika safu ya sita na nane, ambayo

594
00:25:53,860 --> 00:25:55,300
tu ina maana ruta
ni configured si

595
00:25:55,300 --> 00:25:57,120
kukupa jibu
kwa ajili ya faragha.

596
00:25:57,120 --> 00:26:00,210
Lakini kwa ujumla, mbinu hii
itakuwa, kwa kweli, kazi.

597
00:26:00,210 --> 00:26:03,730
>> Hivyo ni zamu nje pia kuna mengine
habari Juicy lurking katika zana

598
00:26:03,730 --> 00:26:05,610
kwamba kuchukua kwa nafasi ya kila siku.

599
00:26:05,610 --> 00:26:08,560
Hivyo kwa mfano, kama wewe kupokea
email, kusema ukweli kama baadhi ya wewe

600
00:26:08,560 --> 00:26:11,270
anaweza kuwa hivi karibuni, ya kuhojiwa
asili, kama wameweza kamwe

601
00:26:11,270 --> 00:26:13,330
inaonekana katika interface Gmail
kabla, kama ni

602
00:26:13,330 --> 00:26:15,560
kwa interface chuo
au moja yako binafsi,

603
00:26:15,560 --> 00:26:17,620
unaweza kuona yako
Inbox kuangalia kama hii.

604
00:26:17,620 --> 00:26:20,910
>> Na kwa kweli, hii ni email
Mimi alimtuma, malan@harvard.edu,

605
00:26:20,910 --> 00:26:24,620
kwa jharvard@cs50.harvard.edu
asubuhi hii tu

606
00:26:24,620 --> 00:26:26,070
ili niweze kuchukua screenshot.

607
00:26:26,070 --> 00:26:28,149
Lakini zinageuka, kila
wakati huu katika Gmail,

608
00:26:28,149 --> 00:26:30,190
kuna kuwa pembe kidogo
kuelekea juu kulia

609
00:26:30,190 --> 00:26:34,080
kuna karibu na Harvard Muungano kwamba kama
wewe click, unaweza click Show Original.

610
00:26:34,080 --> 00:26:35,160

611
00:26:35,160 --> 00:26:39,260
Na kama wewe kufanya hivyo, itabidi kweli kuona
rundo la habari Esoteric sana

612
00:26:39,260 --> 00:26:43,360
kama timestamps, na IP
anwani, na majina ya uwanja.

613
00:26:43,360 --> 00:26:46,990
>> Lakini utaona, katika muda mfupi,
headers kwamba wakati huu wote wana

614
00:26:46,990 --> 00:26:50,430
aligongwa katika kila
email ya kutuma na kupokea.

615
00:26:50,430 --> 00:26:54,130
Na ni hawa headers kwamba watu wanaweza
kutumia, kompyuta mwanasayansi au vinginevyo,

616
00:26:54,130 --> 00:26:56,670
kwa kweli kudai na
baadhi ya uwezekano ambapo

617
00:26:56,670 --> 00:26:59,290
na kutoka kwa nani email kweli alikuja.

618
00:26:59,290 --> 00:27:01,830
>> Kwa kweli, tutaweza majadiliano katika
wiki baadaye kuhusu jinsi email

619
00:27:01,830 --> 00:27:04,100
yenyewe unaweza kuzalishwa
programmatically ambayo

620
00:27:04,100 --> 00:27:07,100
ni jambo zuri sana kwa ajili ya tovuti
kwamba anataka kutuma barua pepe kwa watumiaji.

621
00:27:07,100 --> 00:27:12,020
Lakini tutaweza kuona, pia, tu jinsi trivial
ni yazua barua pepe kutoka kwa mtu

622
00:27:12,020 --> 00:27:15,380
kwa mtu mwingine, isipokuwa wewe kweli
kujua jinsi ya kuthibitisha headers.

623
00:27:15,380 --> 00:27:18,670
Na hata kuwa ni kupoteza
pendekezo siku hizi.

624
00:27:18,670 --> 00:27:22,220
>> Hivyo kwa kuwa alisema,
hebu kwenda moja safu up.

625
00:27:22,220 --> 00:27:25,100
Sisi ilianza na IP ambayo
anazungumzia pakiti kwa ajili yetu,

626
00:27:25,100 --> 00:27:26,470
inawapa anwani ya kipekee.

627
00:27:26,470 --> 00:27:29,770
TCP, ambayo, katika muda mfupi,
dhamana ya utoaji au angalau

628
00:27:29,770 --> 00:27:34,002
inaongeza uwezekano wake na
kuongeza mambo kama makundi, 1 au 4,

629
00:27:34,002 --> 00:27:36,740
2 ya 4, 3 ya 4, na 4 ya 4.

630
00:27:36,740 --> 00:27:40,710
>> Na sasa, hebu safu juu
ya kwamba itifaki nyingine.

631
00:27:40,710 --> 00:27:44,550
Mambo yote haya ni
itifaki, mikataba ya kompyuta

632
00:27:44,550 --> 00:27:47,670
kwamba kulazimisha jinsi mbili
kompyuta kuzungumza na mtu mwingine.

633
00:27:47,670 --> 00:27:52,030
HTTP, hatimaye leo, ni
HyperText uhamisho itifaki.

634
00:27:52,030 --> 00:27:54,100
Na hii ni itifaki
kwamba mtandao browsers

635
00:27:54,100 --> 00:27:56,410
kutumia wakati akizungumza na servrar mtandao.

636
00:27:56,410 --> 00:27:59,970
>> Hivyo wakati wewe kuvuta up browser kama
Chrome, au IE, Firefox au, au Safari,

637
00:27:59,970 --> 00:28:04,230
au chochote, na wewe aina katika kitu
kama facebook.com na hit kuingia,

638
00:28:04,230 --> 00:28:08,390
si tu haina kompyuta yako kwanza
kutafsiri facebook.com katika nini?

639
00:28:08,390 --> 00:28:10,590

640
00:28:10,590 --> 00:28:11,770
IP.

641
00:28:11,770 --> 00:28:17,420
Ni kisha converts-- basi atatuma
ujumbe kwa kuwa IP akisema,

642
00:28:17,420 --> 00:28:21,360
nipe homepage leo au kutoa
mimi screen login ya Facebook.

643
00:28:21,360 --> 00:28:25,290
>> Au kama wewe ni tayari watumiaji katika, kutoa
mimi default mtazamo wa ratiba ya yangu.

644
00:28:25,290 --> 00:28:26,820
Hivyo kwamba ni nini HTTP anasema.

645
00:28:26,820 --> 00:28:30,055
Na zaidi colloquially, kama mimi ni mtandao
server na wewe are-- nini jina lako,

646
00:28:30,055 --> 00:28:30,180
tena?

647
00:28:30,180 --> 00:28:30,920
>> Watazamaji: Margot.

648
00:28:30,920 --> 00:28:34,250
>> DAVID Malan: Margot ni mtandao
server, na mimi nina browser mtandao,

649
00:28:34,250 --> 00:28:37,610
na mimi tu wanataka retrieve yangu
ratiba ya kutoka Margot, margot.com,

650
00:28:37,610 --> 00:28:39,640
Naweza kusema, hello, mimi nina David.

651
00:28:39,640 --> 00:28:40,870
>> Watazamaji: Hi, mimi nina Margot.

652
00:28:40,870 --> 00:28:43,570
>> DAVID Malan: Na ungependa kisha kujibu
na maelezo ya ziada kwangu.

653
00:28:43,570 --> 00:28:45,890
Hivyo tuna binadamu hayo ya kijinga
mkataba kwa instance-- asante.

654
00:28:45,890 --> 00:28:47,510
--of kushikana mikono ya kila mmoja.

655
00:28:47,510 --> 00:28:51,670
Na kompyuta kuwa na wazo kwamba huo
ambapo mteja, kama browser,

656
00:28:51,670 --> 00:28:55,600
anauliza server kufanya kitu
niaba yake.

657
00:28:55,600 --> 00:28:57,540
>> Na hivyo hapa ni picha, kwa mfano.

658
00:28:57,540 --> 00:29:01,120
Kushoto ni kompyuta mbali,
desktop, chochote, au hata simu.

659
00:29:01,120 --> 00:29:03,890
Na juu ya haki ni sana
tarehe mtazamo wa server.

660
00:29:03,890 --> 00:29:06,460
Wao kawaida inaonekana ndogo
na sexier siku hizi.

661
00:29:06,460 --> 00:29:09,570
Lakini uhakika ni kwamba tu
kuna baadhi ya aina ya mawasiliano

662
00:29:09,570 --> 00:29:11,800
kati ya mteja na server.

663
00:29:11,800 --> 00:29:14,080
>> Na wateja katika akili
ya mtu katika mgahawa

664
00:29:14,080 --> 00:29:16,620
na mhudumu au waitress,
wazo moja na kompyuta.

665
00:29:16,620 --> 00:29:19,340
Wateja na watumishi, moja
anauliza kwa habari,

666
00:29:19,340 --> 00:29:21,560
moja anajibu kwa habari.

667
00:29:21,560 --> 00:29:23,920
Sasa, jinsi gani kwamba
habari kuja nyuma?

668
00:29:23,920 --> 00:29:25,890
Naam, kufikiria hili.

669
00:29:25,890 --> 00:29:30,360
Kupata ni aina ya msingi way--
na ni super rahisi mrefu.

670
00:29:30,360 --> 00:29:34,530
--that inaonyesha tu jinsi browser
anapata habari kutoka server.

671
00:29:34,530 --> 00:29:38,270
>> Kwa maneno mengine, badala ya
goof-ily kupanua mkono wangu Margot,

672
00:29:38,270 --> 00:29:42,100
kama kweli walikuwa browser, mimi
itakuwa stuff ndani ya bahasha,

673
00:29:42,100 --> 00:29:46,580
kama mimi na picha Rob kabla,
ujumbe textual kwamba literally anasema

674
00:29:46,580 --> 00:29:53,084
kitu kama hii,
kupata / http / 1.1hostwww.google.com

675
00:29:53,084 --> 00:29:56,670
au margot.com au chochote
jina la server wanaweza kutokea kwa kuwa.

676
00:29:56,670 --> 00:29:58,540
Na kisha, dot dot dot, baadhi ya mambo mengine.

677
00:29:58,540 --> 00:30:00,310
>> Lakini halisi, ndani
ya bahasha ingekuwa

678
00:30:00,310 --> 00:30:03,290
kuwa textual haki rahisi
ujumbe kama hiyo.

679
00:30:03,290 --> 00:30:05,990
Kwamba juu ya ofisi, Margot ingekuwa
kufungua, kusoma maudhui,

680
00:30:05,990 --> 00:30:07,640
na kujibu ipasavyo.

681
00:30:07,640 --> 00:30:12,000
Sasa, ni kidogo
zisizo dhahiri na mfano huu.

682
00:30:12,000 --> 00:30:16,130
Lakini kupata /, ni nini kufyeka
pengine akimaanisha, kwa kuzingatia tu

683
00:30:16,130 --> 00:30:20,470
juu ya uzoefu wako na
kuvinjari mtandao katika maisha ya kila siku?

684
00:30:20,470 --> 00:30:22,206
Nini kufyeka?

685
00:30:22,206 --> 00:30:23,147
>> Watazamaji: [inaudible].

686
00:30:23,147 --> 00:30:24,480
DAVID Malan: mlolongo kutoroka.

687
00:30:24,480 --> 00:30:27,280
Si wazo mbaya lakini kwa ujumla
kutoroka Utaratibu kwenda njia nyingine.

688
00:30:27,280 --> 00:30:28,760
Hiyo itakuwa backslash kawaida.

689
00:30:28,760 --> 00:30:29,560
Lakini si wazo mbaya.

690
00:30:29,560 --> 00:30:30,060
Yeah?

691
00:30:30,060 --> 00:30:31,190

692
00:30:31,190 --> 00:30:31,830
pointer.

693
00:30:31,830 --> 00:30:35,100
Pia mawazo mazuri lakini
hata rahisi zaidi ya hiyo.

694
00:30:35,100 --> 00:30:36,250
directory nyumbani.

695
00:30:36,250 --> 00:30:38,380
mizizi ya gari ngumu, hivyo kusema.

696
00:30:38,380 --> 00:30:39,890
Wengi wetu hawana aina hii.

697
00:30:39,890 --> 00:30:43,150
Lakini kitaalam, kama alitaka
kuwa super sahihi siku hizi,

698
00:30:43,150 --> 00:30:50,056
ungependa kwenda kwa kitu
kama http://www.facebook.com/.

699
00:30:50,056 --> 00:30:52,580
>> Sasa, mimi alisema wengi wetu bila
kujisumbua kuandika kufyeka.

700
00:30:52,580 --> 00:30:54,770
Na kusema ukweli, wengi
browsers, Chrome ni pamoja na,

701
00:30:54,770 --> 00:30:57,019
hawana hata bother kuonyesha
nasi kufyeka siku hizi

702
00:30:57,019 --> 00:30:59,060
sababu tu wao kama
kuwa rahisi na succinct.

703
00:30:59,060 --> 00:31:02,920
Lakini kufyeka tu ina maana kwenda
kwa www.facebook.com na kupata

704
00:31:02,920 --> 00:31:08,076
kufyeka, mizizi ya gari ngumu,
ukurasa default katika facebook.com.

705
00:31:08,076 --> 00:31:09,240
Kutumia kile itifaki?

706
00:31:09,240 --> 00:31:14,910
Vizuri, kwa kutumia toleo 1.1 ya
jambo hili hujulikana kama HTTP.

707
00:31:14,910 --> 00:31:16,750
>> server, au Margot--
na kwa njia, kufanya

708
00:31:16,750 --> 00:31:17,920
wewe akili kwamba mimi nina kutumia wewe katika haya?

709
00:31:17,920 --> 00:31:18,419
OK.

710
00:31:18,419 --> 00:31:19,430
Hivyo sisi ni njema kwa sasa.

711
00:31:19,430 --> 00:31:23,910
Hivyo Margot majibu sasa na
bahasha ya yake mwenyewe, ndani ya ambayo

712
00:31:23,910 --> 00:31:26,040
ni ujumbe vile vile textual.

713
00:31:26,040 --> 00:31:30,640
mstari wa kwanza wa ambayo ni,
yep, mimi nasema HTTP toleo 1.1.

714
00:31:30,640 --> 00:31:34,930
200 ni hali ya kificho
ambayo tu ina maana wote ni sawa.

715
00:31:34,930 --> 00:31:37,440
Nina ukurasa wewe ni kuangalia kwa.

716
00:31:37,440 --> 00:31:44,040
>> Wakati huo huo, Content-Aina: Nakala / html, hii
ni Margot ya njia ya nusu-arcane ya kusema,

717
00:31:44,040 --> 00:31:46,190
nini uliyoomba ukurasa wa mtandao.

718
00:31:46,190 --> 00:31:50,530
Na ni aina, hivyo speak--
karibu kama hisia kutofautiana,

719
00:31:50,530 --> 00:31:52,060
lakini hii ni ngazi ya juu sana sasa.

720
00:31:52,060 --> 00:31:55,380
Data ya aina yake ni wa maandishi
lakini hasa HTML.

721
00:31:55,380 --> 00:31:57,210
Lugha tutaweza hivi karibuni kuona.

722
00:31:57,210 --> 00:31:58,700
>> Na kisha, kuna baadhi ya mambo mengine.

723
00:31:58,700 --> 00:32:02,060
Hivyo mambo mengine ni halisi kile
Facebook ni kukabiliana na.

724
00:32:02,060 --> 00:32:03,400
Basi hebu angalia hii, pia.

725
00:32:03,400 --> 00:32:05,380
Basi mimi kwenda mbele na kufungua
up Chrome juu ya mbali yangu

726
00:32:05,380 --> 00:32:07,980
ambayo unaweza kufanya juu yako
kompyuta mwenyewe pia.

727
00:32:07,980 --> 00:32:12,035
Na mimi nina kwenda mbele
na kufungua www.facebook.com.

728
00:32:12,035 --> 00:32:12,535
Kuingia.

729
00:32:12,535 --> 00:32:13,590

730
00:32:13,590 --> 00:32:16,264
Na mimi kupata screen hii ukoo hapa.

731
00:32:16,264 --> 00:32:17,930
Lakini sasa, mimi nina kwenda kufanya kitu kingine.

732
00:32:17,930 --> 00:32:21,670
Mimi nina kwenda mbele na
kwenda kwa View, Developer.

733
00:32:21,670 --> 00:32:24,190
Na kwenda Developer
Zana, ambayo lazima

734
00:32:24,190 --> 00:32:27,377
kuwa ndani ya Chrome kwenye kompyuta yako,
angalau ndani ya appliance yako.

735
00:32:27,377 --> 00:32:29,460
Mimi nina kwenda kitabu hiki
Jambo hapa, na wewe ni

736
00:32:29,460 --> 00:32:33,060
kwenda kuona rundo zima
ya cryptic Nakala hapa.

737
00:32:33,060 --> 00:32:37,920
>> Ni zinageuka kuwa kile Margot kuweka ndani
ya kwamba bahasha katika kukabiliana na mimi

738
00:32:37,920 --> 00:32:41,472
ni lugha inayoitwa HTML,
HyperText ghafi lugha.

739
00:32:41,472 --> 00:32:43,680
Siyo programu
Lugha sababu huwezi, ni

740
00:32:43,680 --> 00:32:46,679
haina loops, na masharti,
na kazi, na mambo kama hayo.

741
00:32:46,679 --> 00:32:47,870
Ni ghafi lugha.

742
00:32:47,870 --> 00:32:52,110
Kwa kuwa, ina syntax maalum
aitwaye vitambulisho na sifa

743
00:32:52,110 --> 00:32:57,120
kwamba anaelezea browser nini kuonyesha
juu ya screen na jinsi ya kuonyesha yake.

744
00:32:57,120 --> 00:32:57,920
Lazima unaozingatia?

745
00:32:57,920 --> 00:32:58,920
Lazima ni kuwa na ujasiri-wanakabiliwa?

746
00:32:58,920 --> 00:33:00,270
Nyekundu, kijani, bluu?

747
00:33:00,270 --> 00:33:01,390
Ni ghafi lugha.

748
00:33:01,390 --> 00:33:04,970
Katika kwamba, anaelezea browser
nini kuonyesha kwenye screen.

749
00:33:04,970 --> 00:33:10,530
Hivyo hii ni, literally, wote wa
HTML na zaidi kwamba Facebook server

750
00:33:10,530 --> 00:33:13,950
ni kutema nje na kwamba
Chrome, na IE, Firefox na kuwa na

751
00:33:13,950 --> 00:33:17,820
wamekuwa iliyoundwa na wao
Waandishi husika kuelewa.

752
00:33:17,820 --> 00:33:20,780
>> Na kwa kweli, ni
Messier kidogo kuliko hivyo.

753
00:33:20,780 --> 00:33:24,290
Kama, badala yake, kwenda kwa View,
Developer, View Chanzo,

754
00:33:24,290 --> 00:33:27,550
hii ni kweli nini
Facebook ni nje ya kuweka.

755
00:33:27,550 --> 00:33:29,800
Aina ya sifuri kwa tano
kwa style, haki, kama sisi

756
00:33:29,800 --> 00:33:31,479
kudai kuwa pengine hii si bora.

757
00:33:31,479 --> 00:33:34,270
Lakini kusema ukweli, wanaweza kupata mbali na
ni kwa sababu kama wewe ni kuwahudumia up

758
00:33:34,270 --> 00:33:36,090
mabilioni ya kurasa za mtandao
kwa siku, kwa kweli

759
00:33:36,090 --> 00:33:40,040
hawataki kupoteza muda, na ka,
na fedha hatimaye katika kupeleka

760
00:33:40,040 --> 00:33:43,000
mambo kama mstari wa mwezi
wahusika, na mazingira, na tabo

761
00:33:43,000 --> 00:33:46,870
kwa sababu wewe ni matumizi ya Bandwidth
usiokuwa na ISP wako.

762
00:33:46,870 --> 00:33:49,580
>> Hivyo kweli kweli, hii ni maana
kuwa minified kwa njia hii.

763
00:33:49,580 --> 00:33:51,740
Lakini nini Chrome ni kufanya
kwa ajili yetu ni, ni kuchukua

764
00:33:51,740 --> 00:33:56,310
HTML hii, ambayo kabisa inaonekana kama
fujo na upumbavu kwa binadamu,

765
00:33:56,310 --> 00:33:57,580
na ni tu formatting yake.

766
00:33:57,580 --> 00:34:00,280
Ni pretty uchapishaji hivyo kwamba
tunaweza wrap akili zetu kuzunguka

767
00:34:00,280 --> 00:34:01,452
kidogo kwa urahisi zaidi.

768
00:34:01,452 --> 00:34:02,660
Lakini zaidi ya kuvutia ni hii.

769
00:34:02,660 --> 00:34:06,180
Kama mimi sasa click katika Chrome,
si mambo lakini mtandao,

770
00:34:06,180 --> 00:34:08,520
Mimi nina kwenda kuona kidogo
magogo screen kwamba

771
00:34:08,520 --> 00:34:11,040
kwenda kuonyesha yangu yote
maombi HTTP

772
00:34:11,040 --> 00:34:14,380
kwamba ni kweli kwenda nyuma na
kurudi kati ya mimi na Facebook au mimi

773
00:34:14,380 --> 00:34:17,219
na Margot kama mimi kufanya
zaidi ya ombi moja.

774
00:34:17,219 --> 00:34:21,409
>> Hivyo mimi nina kwenda mbele na bonyeza
Reload icon hapa katika Chrome.

775
00:34:21,409 --> 00:34:23,850
Na sasa, kundi zima la
mambo akaruka nyuma chini.

776
00:34:23,850 --> 00:34:25,710
Mimi nina kwenda kitabu
nyuma hadi juu sana.

777
00:34:25,710 --> 00:34:29,350
Na sasa, taarifa hii,
sana kwanza kuomba browser yangu

778
00:34:29,350 --> 00:34:31,340
alifanya alikuwa kwa www.facebook.com.

779
00:34:31,340 --> 00:34:34,199
>> Ni kwa kutumia kupata
utaratibu ambayo ina maana tu

780
00:34:34,199 --> 00:34:37,810
ni kuzungumza lugha textual
kuwa tuliona mfano wa wakati iliyopita.

781
00:34:37,810 --> 00:34:41,909
Na zaidi ya hayo, ni zamu nje
kwamba majibu kwamba Facebook

782
00:34:41,909 --> 00:34:46,070
alinipa ni 200 sawa, ambayo ina maana mimi
kupatikana ukurasa wa mtandao katika swali.

783
00:34:46,070 --> 00:34:49,630
>> Kama mimi bonyeza safu hii, siwezi kweli
kuona headers wale kidogo zaidi

784
00:34:49,630 --> 00:34:50,800
wazi.

785
00:34:50,800 --> 00:34:52,810
Haya kufanya maana zaidi kabla ya muda mrefu.

786
00:34:52,810 --> 00:34:57,020
Lakini taarifa kwamba browser yangu atatuma
mengi yote ya habari kama jeshi,

787
00:34:57,020 --> 00:34:59,320
na mbinu, na biskuti.

788
00:34:59,320 --> 00:35:00,879
Tutaweza kuja nyuma na wale kabla ya muda mrefu.

789
00:35:00,879 --> 00:35:03,170
Na wewe utakuwa hatimaye kuelewa
nini kuki kweli ni

790
00:35:03,170 --> 00:35:04,930
na jinsi haraka itakuwa kuwatuma.

791
00:35:04,930 --> 00:35:06,900
>> Na unaweza kuona nini
Facebook ni kutuma nyuma,

792
00:35:06,900 --> 00:35:12,230
ikiwa ni pamoja na aina ya maudhui ya maandishi
HTML, sasa tarehe ya muda, faragha yake ya

793
00:35:12,230 --> 00:35:15,530
sera, au kukosekana, na
kisha, hatimaye, idadi ya biskuti

794
00:35:15,530 --> 00:35:18,050
kuwa ni kuwa kuweka juu ya
kompyuta yako pia.

795
00:35:18,050 --> 00:35:20,140
Lakini tutaweza tease wale mbali kabla ya muda mrefu.

796
00:35:20,140 --> 00:35:23,950
>> Lakini katika muda, kila wakati
alitembelea ukurasa wa mtandao, sasa kwa miaka,

797
00:35:23,950 --> 00:35:26,970
tumekuwa kutuma ujumbe kwa
moja mimi kutumwa katika bahasha

798
00:35:26,970 --> 00:35:28,230
kwa Margot na Dan.

799
00:35:28,230 --> 00:35:31,210
Na tumekuwa kupata nyuma
majibu kama hii kutoka Facebook.

800
00:35:31,210 --> 00:35:35,650
Lakini zaidi ya hayo, nadhani nini kuwa
wazi kwa Facebook, na Google,

801
00:35:35,650 --> 00:35:39,101
na kila mtu mwingine kila
wakati wewe kutembelea ukurasa wa mtandao?

802
00:35:39,101 --> 00:35:42,100
Kile ni juu ya nje ya kila
bahasha ya kompyuta yako imekuwa kutuma?

803
00:35:42,100 --> 00:35:43,800

804
00:35:43,800 --> 00:35:45,590
Anwani yako ya IP, haki?

805
00:35:45,590 --> 00:35:48,720
Labda si jina yako kwa
se, lakini anwani yako ya IP.

806
00:35:48,720 --> 00:35:52,410
Na tu, hebu kuunganisha dots
baadaye, kama wewe ni kutumia huduma

807
00:35:52,410 --> 00:35:54,430
kama mtandao, au
BitTorrent, na maisha,

808
00:35:54,430 --> 00:35:56,860
na umefanya kusajiliwa kompyuta
mahali kama Harvard,

809
00:35:56,860 --> 00:36:01,080
mtu fulani anajua kwamba John
Anwani Harvard IP hii, nukta hii,

810
00:36:01,080 --> 00:36:02,350
dot hii, nukta hii.

811
00:36:02,350 --> 00:36:06,730
>> Na hakika, magogo unaweza aliadhimisha wote juu ya
chuo kama hii, kwenye mtandao Comcast,

812
00:36:06,730 --> 00:36:10,270
juu ya Verizon, au kusema ukweli, katika
NSA kama tumekuwa hivi karibuni kujifunza,

813
00:36:10,270 --> 00:36:14,040
kwamba kumbukumbu pretty much kila kitu
kwamba wewe ni kufanya kwenye mtandao.

814
00:36:14,040 --> 00:36:15,910
Na tutaweza kuja nyuma
hii darasani baadaye

815
00:36:15,910 --> 00:36:18,990
juu ya madhara ya haya
maamuzi ya kubuni na usalama.

816
00:36:18,990 --> 00:36:21,920
>> Lakini ukweli ni, wewe kweli
hawana faragha kwamba wote sana.

817
00:36:21,920 --> 00:36:25,380
Kila wakati tumekuwa kutembelea mahali popote
kwenye mtandao, umekuwa kuonyesha mkono wako

818
00:36:25,380 --> 00:36:28,720
na akifafanua angalau anwani yako ya IP.

819
00:36:28,720 --> 00:36:35,930
Hivyo inatisha kumbuka kando, nini tunaweza kufanya kwa
embed mambo kama paka katika ukurasa wa mtandao?

820
00:36:35,930 --> 00:36:40,730
>> Hivyo tuna rundo la majibu kwamba
ili kuja nyuma kutoka server.

821
00:36:40,730 --> 00:36:42,340
Na sisi si kuona yote haya leo.

822
00:36:42,340 --> 00:36:43,800
Lakini 200 ni nzuri.

823
00:36:43,800 --> 00:36:46,622
Na pengine wewe si kuonekana
yote haya kama binadamu kabla.

824
00:36:46,622 --> 00:36:48,580
Lakini ve pengine kuona
angalau mmoja wa haya.

825
00:36:48,580 --> 00:36:50,204
Ambayo mmoja wa haya ili kuangalia familiar?

826
00:36:50,204 --> 00:36:51,097
Watazamaji: 404

827
00:36:51,097 --> 00:36:51,930
DAVID Malan: Hivyo 404.

828
00:36:51,930 --> 00:36:52,695
Faili si kupatikana.

829
00:36:52,695 --> 00:36:55,320
Na hakika, wewe ni kwenda kuona
hii programmatically mwenyewe.

830
00:36:55,320 --> 00:37:00,220
404 tu ina maana faili ombi,
kufyeka au kufyeka kitu, tu

831
00:37:00,220 --> 00:37:00,950
haipo.

832
00:37:00,950 --> 00:37:04,380
Na mtandao wa kompyuta ya kawaida
anajibu na 404 matokeo

833
00:37:04,380 --> 00:37:09,680
>> Wakati huo huo, tutaweza hivi karibuni kuona kwamba
yaliyomo ya ujumbe kwamba

834
00:37:09,680 --> 00:37:11,800
ni lugha hii inajulikana kama HTML.

835
00:37:11,800 --> 00:37:15,070
Na hii ni super
rahisi snippet ya HTML

836
00:37:15,070 --> 00:37:18,380
kwamba hana chochote zaidi ya
kuonyesha hujambo dunia juu ya screen.

837
00:37:18,380 --> 00:37:21,830
Hakika, unaweza kuona juu ya hii
kitu kinachoitwa aina hati

838
00:37:21,830 --> 00:37:24,220
tamko ambayo anasema tu, hey, dunia.

839
00:37:24,220 --> 00:37:25,964
Faili hili lina HTML.

840
00:37:25,964 --> 00:37:28,380
Na kisha, karibu kidogo ya HTML
kwamba wewe ni kwenda kuandika,

841
00:37:28,380 --> 00:37:30,930
ina mabano wazi,
na kisha neno HTML,

842
00:37:30,930 --> 00:37:33,670
kisha kufungwa bracket, na kisha
kichwa wazi, na mabano karibu.

843
00:37:33,670 --> 00:37:36,000
Hivyo katika muda mfupi, hebu kweli
kufanya hivyo zaidi mechanically.

844
00:37:36,000 --> 00:37:39,980
Napenda kwenda katika appliance yangu,
lakini unaweza kufanya hivyo mahali popote

845
00:37:39,980 --> 00:37:42,110
kwamba una mhariri wa maandishi kwa.

846
00:37:42,110 --> 00:37:45,105
>> Mimi nina kwenda mbele na
kuokoa faili inayoitwa hello.html.

847
00:37:45,105 --> 00:37:46,440

848
00:37:46,440 --> 00:37:49,640
Mimi nina kwenda kuweka kwenye desktop yangu
kuweka mambo super rahisi hivi sasa.

849
00:37:49,640 --> 00:37:51,760
Na mimi nina kwenda kufanya
nini hasa mimi tu kuona.

850
00:37:51,760 --> 00:37:55,452
Hivyo doc aina HTML, wazi bracket HTML.

851
00:37:55,452 --> 00:37:57,910
Na sasa, angalia, mimi nina kwenda
kufanya kinyume preemptively.

852
00:37:57,910 --> 00:38:01,000
Na kwa kinyume, I mean
tag huo, hivyo kusema,

853
00:38:01,000 --> 00:38:02,767
lakini huanza na kufyeka mbele.

854
00:38:02,767 --> 00:38:04,600
Na kisha, zaidi ya hapa,
Mimi nina kwenda kusema, kichwa,

855
00:38:04,600 --> 00:38:07,530
kwa sababu ni zamu nje kwamba kila
mtandao ukurasa ina kinachojulikana kichwa ambayo

856
00:38:07,530 --> 00:38:10,300
ni mambo ambayo huenda katika cheo
bar, saa sana juu ya ukurasa.

857
00:38:10,300 --> 00:38:13,026
Katika cheo ni tu
itakuwa hujambo hapa.

858
00:38:13,026 --> 00:38:15,150
Na sasa, mimi nina kwenda kuwa
mwili wa tovuti hii.

859
00:38:15,150 --> 00:38:18,130
Hivyo kila ukurasa wa mtandao ina wawili
kichwa juu juu na mwili

860
00:38:18,130 --> 00:38:19,522
ambayo ni guts ya ukurasa.

861
00:38:19,522 --> 00:38:21,980
Na hapa, mimi nina kwenda tu
kusema kitu kama hujambo dunia.

862
00:38:21,980 --> 00:38:23,440
Na mimi nina kwenda kuokoa faili hii.

863
00:38:23,440 --> 00:38:26,150
Kama mimi sasa kupunguza gedit,
kuangalia, kuna faili kidogo

864
00:38:26,150 --> 00:38:28,470
juu ya desktop yangu aitwaye hello.html.

865
00:38:28,470 --> 00:38:30,820
Sasa, si kwamba juu ya server
bado, per se, Hakika, ni

866
00:38:30,820 --> 00:38:33,040
tu juu ya binafsi yangu mwenyewe desktop hapa.

867
00:38:33,040 --> 00:38:36,910
Lakini kama mimi kufungua Chrome na kugonga Kudhibiti
O-- kuna paka katika swali.

868
00:38:36,910 --> 00:38:38,710
--and mimi kwenda desktop yangu.

869
00:38:38,710 --> 00:38:43,730
>> Na mimi kufungua hello.html, kuna, katika
kweli, ni super rahisi mtandao ukurasa wangu.

870
00:38:43,730 --> 00:38:45,490
mwili wa ukurasa wangu
na hii dirisha nyeupe

871
00:38:45,490 --> 00:38:47,610
hapa ni mwili na hujambo dunia.

872
00:38:47,610 --> 00:38:51,020
Na cheo katika kichwa cha
ukurasa ni katika tabo huko.

873
00:38:51,020 --> 00:38:53,020
Na sisi ni kwenda kuona
Mara kwamba ni super

874
00:38:53,020 --> 00:38:55,004
rahisi kufungua kurasa nyingine kama vile.

875
00:38:55,004 --> 00:38:57,670
Kwa mfano, mimi nina kwenda
katika baadhi ya usambazaji kificho

876
00:38:57,670 --> 00:39:00,230
kwa hii, chanzo wiki
saba, na mimi nina kwenda

877
00:39:00,230 --> 00:39:03,150
kufungua si JPEG
ambayo guy hii ni hapa.

878
00:39:03,150 --> 00:39:08,430
Lakini mimi nina kwenda kufungua image.html,
ambayo hatimaye inaonekana kama hii.

879
00:39:08,430 --> 00:39:15,140
Lakini ngoja sasa kufungua hili katika gedit,
na kwenda katika Dropbox chanzo saba,

880
00:39:15,140 --> 00:39:17,470
na image.html.

881
00:39:17,470 --> 00:39:19,430

882
00:39:19,430 --> 00:39:21,960
>> Zaidi ya hii ni tu
maoni kama tutaweza hivi karibuni kuona.

883
00:39:21,960 --> 00:39:25,210
Lakini kama nataka kuweka Grumpy
Paka ndani ya ukurasa huu mtandao,

884
00:39:25,210 --> 00:39:29,890
Inatosha kuweka mabano nyingine ya wazi,
na kisha picha Keyword au img

885
00:39:29,890 --> 00:39:33,080
kwa muda mfupi, na kisha mbadala
Nakala kwa sababu upatikanaji

886
00:39:33,080 --> 00:39:35,890
kama mtu ana screen
msomaji au kitu kama hicho.

887
00:39:35,890 --> 00:39:38,260
Chanzo ambayo ni, nini
jina la faili, cat.jpeg.

888
00:39:38,260 --> 00:39:39,280

889
00:39:39,280 --> 00:39:41,400
>> Na kisha, kwa sababu hii
tag ni maalum kidogo,

890
00:39:41,400 --> 00:39:44,140
sisi kuweka kufyeka mbele, kama
tutaweza kuona, ndani ya tag.

891
00:39:44,140 --> 00:39:47,180
Lakini matokeo ya mwisho ni mtandao
ukurasa kwamba inaonekana kama hii.

892
00:39:47,180 --> 00:39:51,320
Hivyo katika muda mfupi, nini tunakwenda kuwa
kufanya sasa baada ya muda ni kutumia mtandao

893
00:39:51,320 --> 00:39:54,200
na kujenga mtandao kurasa kwa
hatimaye kuwa vyombo

894
00:39:54,200 --> 00:39:57,280
si tu kwa ajili ya mambo silly kama
picha, na viungo, na meza,

895
00:39:57,280 --> 00:40:00,770
na orodha orodha, na kama,
lakini pia kutupatia sisi wenyewe

896
00:40:00,770 --> 00:40:04,890
graphical user interface, GUI,
si tofauti na kile sisi alivyofanya sisi kuzuka.

897
00:40:04,890 --> 00:40:08,330
>> Lakini ndani ya mazingira haya, sisi ni
kwenda kuanza kutumia lugha kama PHP,

898
00:40:08,330 --> 00:40:10,960
na JavaScript, database
lugha inayoitwa SQL,

899
00:40:10,960 --> 00:40:14,050
mteja upande lugha scripting
aitwaye JavaScript kweli kujenga

900
00:40:14,050 --> 00:40:18,760
interfaces nguvu zaidi wote lakini
katika kiasi, zaidi ya ukoo mazingira.

901
00:40:18,760 --> 00:40:21,970
Lakini kabla ya hapo, hebu
kuhitimisha leo na kuangalia,

902
00:40:21,970 --> 00:40:25,280
kama alivyoahidi, ya nini kweli kinachoendelea
chini ya kofia na biashara

903
00:40:25,280 --> 00:40:26,060
yenyewe.

904
00:40:26,060 --> 00:40:28,400
>> Inasema kwa leo
kwamba biashara unaweza

905
00:40:28,400 --> 00:40:31,390
kutumika kuhamisha mambo
kama kurasa za mtandao juu ya HTTP

906
00:40:31,390 --> 00:40:33,150
kiasi kama mimi shook mkono Margot ya awali.

907
00:40:33,150 --> 00:40:36,470
Lakini kuna mengi mengine
huduma ya kwamba matumizi ya TCP IP na

908
00:40:36,470 --> 00:40:39,800
kwamba sisi kuchukua kwa nafasi
kwamba kazi kama tutaweza kuona hapa

909
00:40:39,800 --> 00:40:42,477
katika filamu hii kwamba itabidi
kuchukua kwetu mwisho leo.

910
00:40:42,477 --> 00:40:45,956
>> [Video avspelning]

911
00:40:45,956 --> 00:41:31,710

912
00:41:31,710 --> 00:41:35,870
>> -Kwa Mara ya kwanza katika
historia, watu na mashine

913
00:41:35,870 --> 00:41:38,940
ni kufanya kazi pamoja, kutambua ndoto.

914
00:41:38,940 --> 00:41:41,780
nguvu kuunganisha kwamba anajua
hakuna mipaka ya kijiografia.

915
00:41:41,780 --> 00:41:45,010
Bila kujali rangi, cheo, au rangi.

916
00:41:45,010 --> 00:41:49,130
zama mpya ambapo mawasiliano
kweli huleta watu pamoja.

917
00:41:49,130 --> 00:41:51,795
Hii ni Dawn ya Net.

918
00:41:51,795 --> 00:41:54,920

919
00:41:54,920 --> 00:41:56,450
>> Unataka kujua jinsi kazi?

920
00:41:56,450 --> 00:42:00,260
Click hapa kuanza yako
safari katika wavu.

921
00:42:00,260 --> 00:42:02,780

922
00:42:02,780 --> 00:42:05,380
Sasa, hasa ni nini kilichotokea
wakati wewe clicked juu ya kiungo kwamba?

923
00:42:05,380 --> 00:42:07,190
Wewe kuanza mtiririko wa habari.

924
00:42:07,190 --> 00:42:09,790
Habari hii husafiri chini
ndani ya barua yako binafsi chumba

925
00:42:09,790 --> 00:42:14,040
wakati Mheshimiwa IP paket yake, maandiko
yake, na kuzituma katika njia yake.

926
00:42:14,040 --> 00:42:16,030
>> Kila pakiti ni mdogo ukubwa.

927
00:42:16,030 --> 00:42:19,900
chumba barua lazima kuamua jinsi ya kugawanya
habari na jinsi ya kufunga hiyo.

928
00:42:19,900 --> 00:42:23,400
Sasa, mfuko inahitaji studio
zenye taarifa muhimu,

929
00:42:23,400 --> 00:42:27,480
kama vile mtumaji mitaani, receiver ya
anwani, na aina ya pakiti ni.

930
00:42:27,480 --> 00:42:41,070

931
00:42:41,070 --> 00:42:43,700
>> Kwa sababu pakiti hii hasa
ni kwenda nje kwenye mtandao,

932
00:42:43,700 --> 00:42:46,240
pia anapata anwani
kwa seva wakala, ambayo

933
00:42:46,240 --> 00:42:47,990
ina kazi maalum
kama tutaweza kuona baadaye.

934
00:42:47,990 --> 00:42:49,080

935
00:42:49,080 --> 00:42:53,430
pakiti sasa ilizindua kwenye
mtandao wako wa ndani eneo au LAN.

936
00:42:53,430 --> 00:42:56,220
Mtandao huu ni kutumika kuunganisha
kompyuta wote wa ndani,

937
00:42:56,220 --> 00:42:58,760
ruta Printers, na kadhalika
kwa habari kubadilishana

938
00:42:58,760 --> 00:43:00,790
ndani ya kimwili
kuta za jengo.

939
00:43:00,790 --> 00:43:04,840
LAN ni pretty ulafi
mahali na, kwa bahati mbaya, ajali

940
00:43:04,840 --> 00:43:05,828
yanaweza kutokea.

941
00:43:05,828 --> 00:43:13,240

942
00:43:13,240 --> 00:43:16,020
>> barabara ya LAN ni vilivyofungwa
na kila aina ya habari.

943
00:43:16,020 --> 00:43:19,270
Hizi ni IP pakiti, Novell
pakiti, pakiti Apple Majadiliano.

944
00:43:19,270 --> 00:43:21,440
Wao wanaenda dhidi ya trafiki kama kawaida.

945
00:43:21,440 --> 00:43:24,040
anayesoma router mitaa
kushughulikia, na kama ni lazima,

946
00:43:24,040 --> 00:43:25,935
akanyanyua pakiti kwenye mtandao mwingine.

947
00:43:25,935 --> 00:43:27,610

948
00:43:27,610 --> 00:43:28,810
Ah, router.

949
00:43:28,810 --> 00:43:31,990
ishara ya kudhibiti katika
inaonekana hakipo kwenye mpangilio dunia.

950
00:43:31,990 --> 00:43:41,050

951
00:43:41,050 --> 00:43:45,480
>> Kuna yeye ni, utaratibu,
asiyejali, methodical, kihafidhina,

952
00:43:45,480 --> 00:43:48,100
na wakati mwingine kabisa hadi kasi.

953
00:43:48,100 --> 00:43:50,430
Lakini angalau, yeye ni
halisi kwa sehemu kubwa.

954
00:43:50,430 --> 00:44:03,090

955
00:44:03,090 --> 00:44:05,530
>> Kama pakiti kuondoka
router, wao kufanya njia yao

956
00:44:05,530 --> 00:44:08,780
ndani ya intranet ushirika
na kichwa kwa ajili ya kubadili router.

957
00:44:08,780 --> 00:44:10,179

958
00:44:10,179 --> 00:44:12,470
kidogo ufanisi zaidi kuliko
router, kubadili router

959
00:44:12,470 --> 00:44:16,700
ina kasi na huru na pakiti IP,
deftly routing yao njiani.

960
00:44:16,700 --> 00:44:18,950
digital Pinball mchawi kama wewe.

961
00:44:18,950 --> 00:44:19,532
>> -Here Sisi kwenda.

962
00:44:19,532 --> 00:44:20,490
Hapa anakuja mwingine mmoja.

963
00:44:20,490 --> 00:44:21,198
Na ni mwingine.

964
00:44:21,198 --> 00:44:21,886
Kuangalia hii, Mama.

965
00:44:21,886 --> 00:44:22,258
Hapa ni unaendelea.

966
00:44:22,258 --> 00:44:22,382
Whoops.

967
00:44:22,382 --> 00:44:23,126
Kuzunguka nyuma.

968
00:44:23,126 --> 00:44:23,374
Hey.

969
00:44:23,374 --> 00:44:23,622
Huko.

970
00:44:23,622 --> 00:44:24,122
Huko.

971
00:44:24,122 --> 00:44:24,862
Juu ya upande wa kushoto.

972
00:44:24,862 --> 00:44:25,110
Juu ya haki.

973
00:44:25,110 --> 00:44:25,358
Juu ya upande wa kushoto.

974
00:44:25,358 --> 00:44:26,350
Juu ya haki.

975
00:44:26,350 --> 00:44:26,596
Wewe got it.

976
00:44:26,596 --> 00:44:26,846
Hapa unaendelea.

977
00:44:26,846 --> 00:44:27,342
Shina.

978
00:44:27,342 --> 00:44:27,840
Yeye alama.

979
00:44:27,840 --> 00:44:28,100
Ni kwenda.

980
00:44:28,100 --> 00:44:28,580
Hey, kusubiri.

981
00:44:28,580 --> 00:44:28,940
Hey, kuangalia nje.

982
00:44:28,940 --> 00:44:29,898
Hapa anakuja mwingine mmoja.

983
00:44:29,898 --> 00:44:30,860
Oh, hapa sisi kwenda.

984
00:44:30,860 --> 00:44:33,740

985
00:44:33,740 --> 00:44:35,930
>> Pakiti -kama kufika katika
marudio yao, wao ni

986
00:44:35,930 --> 00:44:40,640
ilichukua na interface mtandao,
tayari kutumwa kwa ngazi ya pili,

987
00:44:40,640 --> 00:44:42,000
katika kesi hii, wakala.

988
00:44:42,000 --> 00:44:43,060

989
00:44:43,060 --> 00:44:46,210
mbadala hutumiwa na wengi
makampuni kama aina ya mtu kati

990
00:44:46,210 --> 00:44:48,650
ili kupunguza mzigo
juu ya biashara ya uhusiano wao

991
00:44:48,650 --> 00:44:50,040
na kwa sababu za kiusalama kama vile.

992
00:44:50,040 --> 00:44:51,824

993
00:44:51,824 --> 00:44:55,310
Kama unaweza kuona, pakiti
wote ni ya ukubwa mbalimbali,

994
00:44:55,310 --> 00:44:56,650
kutegemea juu ya bidhaa zao.

995
00:44:56,650 --> 00:45:10,750

996
00:45:10,750 --> 00:45:14,790
>> mbadala kuufungua pakiti na
inaonekana kwa anwani ya mtandao au URL.

997
00:45:14,790 --> 00:45:16,230

998
00:45:16,230 --> 00:45:18,707
Kutegemea juu kama
anwani ni kukubalika,

999
00:45:18,707 --> 00:45:20,290
pakiti ni alimtuma juu ya mtandao.

1000
00:45:20,290 --> 00:45:25,880

1001
00:45:25,880 --> 00:45:28,700
Kuna, hata hivyo, baadhi ya
anwani ambayo si

1002
00:45:28,700 --> 00:45:31,440
kukutana kwa idhini ya
wakala, kwamba ni kusema,

1003
00:45:31,440 --> 00:45:33,305
ushirika au usimamizi miongozo.

1004
00:45:33,305 --> 00:45:35,830

1005
00:45:35,830 --> 00:45:38,290
Hizi ni papo kushughulikiwa.

1006
00:45:38,290 --> 00:45:39,530

1007
00:45:39,530 --> 00:45:41,070
Tutaweza kuwa hakuna hiyo.

1008
00:45:41,070 --> 00:45:43,350
Kwa wale ambao kufanya hivyo,
ni juu ya barabara tena.

1009
00:45:43,350 --> 00:45:52,740

1010
00:45:52,740 --> 00:45:54,695
>> Next up, firewall.

1011
00:45:54,695 --> 00:45:58,060

1012
00:45:58,060 --> 00:46:01,414
firewall ushirika
mtumishi madhumuni ya mbili.

1013
00:46:01,414 --> 00:46:03,580
Ni kuzuia baadhi badala
mambo nasty juu ya biashara ya

1014
00:46:03,580 --> 00:46:05,379
kuja katika intranet.

1015
00:46:05,379 --> 00:46:07,670
Na inaweza pia kuzuia
nyeti ya ushirika habari

1016
00:46:07,670 --> 00:46:09,900
zisitumwe nje kwenye mtandao.

1017
00:46:09,900 --> 00:46:11,810

1018
00:46:11,810 --> 00:46:14,210
>> Mara baada ya kupitia firewall,
router tar pakiti

1019
00:46:14,210 --> 00:46:18,290
na sehemu yake kwenye nyembamba sana
barabara au Bandwidth, kama sisi kusema.

1020
00:46:18,290 --> 00:46:21,505
Ni wazi, mstari si
pana ya kutosha kuchukua yao wote.

1021
00:46:21,505 --> 00:46:22,727

1022
00:46:22,727 --> 00:46:25,060
Sasa, unaweza kushangaa, nini
kinachotokea kwa pakiti wale wote

1023
00:46:25,060 --> 00:46:27,250
ambayo hatuwezi kufanya hivyo njiani.

1024
00:46:27,250 --> 00:46:29,880
Naam, wakati Mheshimiwa IP haina
kupokea kukiri

1025
00:46:29,880 --> 00:46:32,160
kwamba pakiti imekuwa
kupokea kutokana na muda,

1026
00:46:32,160 --> 00:46:34,060
yeye tu zituma badala pakiti.

1027
00:46:34,060 --> 00:46:36,040

1028
00:46:36,040 --> 00:46:40,510
>> Sasa tuko tayari kuingia
dunia ya biashara, buibui

1029
00:46:40,510 --> 00:46:44,656
mtandao wa mitandao yanahusiana
ambayo span dunia yetu nzima.

1030
00:46:44,656 --> 00:46:47,845
Hapa, ruta na swichi
kuanzisha uhusiano kati ya mitandao.

1031
00:46:47,845 --> 00:46:49,239

1032
00:46:49,239 --> 00:46:51,280
Sasa, wavu ni kabisa
mazingira tofauti

1033
00:46:51,280 --> 00:46:53,740
kuliko utapata ndani ya
kuta kinga ya LAN yako.

1034
00:46:53,740 --> 00:46:56,510
>> Nje hapa, ni pori
Magharibi, mengi ya nafasi,

1035
00:46:56,510 --> 00:47:00,440
fursa mengi, mengi ya
mambo ya kuchunguza, na maeneo ya kwenda.

1036
00:47:00,440 --> 00:47:02,790
Shukrani kwa kidogo sana
kudhibiti na kanuni,

1037
00:47:02,790 --> 00:47:07,250
mawazo mapya kupata ardhi yenye rutuba kushinikiza
bahasha ya uwezekano wao.

1038
00:47:07,250 --> 00:47:10,590
Lakini kwa sababu ya uhuru huu,
hatari fulani pia lurk.

1039
00:47:10,590 --> 00:47:14,230
>> Hutaweza kujua wakati
kukutana Ping dreaded ya kifo,

1040
00:47:14,230 --> 00:47:18,040
toleo maalum ya ombi kawaida
Ping ambayo baadhi idiot walidhani up

1041
00:47:18,040 --> 00:47:19,830
kwa fujo up unsuspecting majeshi.

1042
00:47:19,830 --> 00:47:21,470

1043
00:47:21,470 --> 00:47:25,490
njia pakiti wetu kuchukua labda kupitia
satellite, simu mistari, waya,

1044
00:47:25,490 --> 00:47:27,340
au hata transoceanic cable.

1045
00:47:27,340 --> 00:47:30,290
>> Hawana daima kuchukua kasi
au njia mfupi iwezekanavyo,

1046
00:47:30,290 --> 00:47:33,330
lakini wao kupata huko, hatimaye.

1047
00:47:33,330 --> 00:47:37,255
Labda hiyo ndiyo sababu ni wakati mwingine
aitwaye kusubiri duniani kote.

1048
00:47:37,255 --> 00:47:39,650
Lakini wakati kila kitu ni
kazi vizuri, wewe

1049
00:47:39,650 --> 00:47:43,270
inaweza kukwepa duniani tano
nyakati juu katika tone ya kofia,

1050
00:47:43,270 --> 00:47:46,690
halisi, na wote kwa
gharama ya simu za mitaa au chini.

1051
00:47:46,690 --> 00:47:47,970

1052
00:47:47,970 --> 00:47:51,025
>> Karibu na mwisho wa marudio yetu,
tutaweza kupata firewall nyingine.

1053
00:47:51,025 --> 00:47:53,710

1054
00:47:53,710 --> 00:47:56,160
Kutegemea juu yako
mtazamo kama data pakiti,

1055
00:47:56,160 --> 00:48:00,520
firewall inaweza kuwa ngome
ya usalama au dreaded adui.

1056
00:48:00,520 --> 00:48:04,420
Yote inategemea ambayo upande wewe ni
juu, na nini malengo yako ni.

1057
00:48:04,420 --> 00:48:08,365
>> firewall iliyoundwa kwa basi katika tu
wale pakiti kwamba kufikia vigezo yake.

1058
00:48:08,365 --> 00:48:09,590

1059
00:48:09,590 --> 00:48:11,940
Firewall hii ni kazi
juu ya Bandari ya 80 na 25.

1060
00:48:11,940 --> 00:48:13,250

1061
00:48:13,250 --> 00:48:16,380
Jitihada zote kuingia kwa njia nyingine
bandari ni kufungwa kwa ajili ya biashara.

1062
00:48:16,380 --> 00:48:27,690

1063
00:48:27,690 --> 00:48:30,600
>> Port 25 ni kutumika kwa ajili ya pakiti pepe.

1064
00:48:30,600 --> 00:48:32,750

1065
00:48:32,750 --> 00:48:35,791
Wakati Port 80 ni mlango kwa
pakiti kutoka biashara kwa mtandao

1066
00:48:35,791 --> 00:48:36,290
server.

1067
00:48:36,290 --> 00:48:38,880

1068
00:48:38,880 --> 00:48:42,540
Ndani ya firewall, pakiti
wanapimwa vizuri zaidi.

1069
00:48:42,540 --> 00:48:44,660
Baadhi ya pakiti kufanya hivyo
urahisi kupitia forodha,

1070
00:48:44,660 --> 00:48:47,500
wakati wengine kuangalia kidogo tu mashaka.

1071
00:48:47,500 --> 00:48:49,630
>> Sasa, afisa firewall
si kwa urahisi fooled,

1072
00:48:49,630 --> 00:48:53,010
kama vile wakati Ping hii
ya kifo pakiti inajaribu

1073
00:48:53,010 --> 00:48:55,628
kujificha yenyewe kama
kawaida Ping pakiti.

1074
00:48:55,628 --> 00:48:56,128
-Move Pamoja.

1075
00:48:56,128 --> 00:48:56,606
Ni sawa.

1076
00:48:56,606 --> 00:48:57,106
Hakuna tatizo.

1077
00:48:57,106 --> 00:48:58,040
Kuwa na siku nzuri.

1078
00:48:58,040 --> 00:48:59,360
Napenda Outta hapa.

1079
00:48:59,360 --> 00:49:00,460
Bye.

1080
00:49:00,460 --> 00:49:02,990
>> -Kwa Pakiti wale bahati
kutosha ya kufanya hivyo hii sasa,

1081
00:49:02,990 --> 00:49:04,860
safari ni karibu zaidi.

1082
00:49:04,860 --> 00:49:07,280

1083
00:49:07,280 --> 00:49:11,560
Ni tu mstari juu interface
kuchukuliwa juu katika mtandao wa kompyuta.

1084
00:49:11,560 --> 00:49:12,610

1085
00:49:12,610 --> 00:49:16,850
Siku hizi, mtandao wa kompyuta wanaweza kukimbia juu ya wengi
mambo, kutoka mainframe, kwa webcam,

1086
00:49:16,850 --> 00:49:18,430
kompyuta dawati yako.

1087
00:49:18,430 --> 00:49:20,220
Mbona si friji yako?

1088
00:49:20,220 --> 00:49:22,140
>> Pamoja na kuweka sahihi
up, unaweza kujua

1089
00:49:22,140 --> 00:49:24,330
kama una makings
kwa cacciatore kuku

1090
00:49:24,330 --> 00:49:25,690
au kama una kwenda ununuzi.

1091
00:49:25,690 --> 00:49:28,625
Kumbuka, hii ni Dawn ya Net.

1092
00:49:28,625 --> 00:49:29,850
Karibu ya kutokea kitu chochote.

1093
00:49:29,850 --> 00:49:32,960

1094
00:49:32,960 --> 00:49:37,080
>> Moja kwa moja, pakiti ni
kupokea, kufunguliwa, na unpacked.

1095
00:49:37,080 --> 00:49:40,350

1096
00:49:40,350 --> 00:49:44,280
habari wao vyenye, kwamba
ni ombi lako kwa habari,

1097
00:49:44,280 --> 00:49:46,080
ni alimtuma juu ya mtandao
server maombi.

1098
00:49:46,080 --> 00:49:52,670

1099
00:49:52,670 --> 00:49:54,345
>> pakiti yenyewe ni recycled.

1100
00:49:54,345 --> 00:49:57,280

1101
00:49:57,280 --> 00:50:06,770
Tayari kutumiwa tena na kujazwa na
habari yako ombi, ufumbuzi,

1102
00:50:06,770 --> 00:50:08,680
na kutuma nje ya njia yake ya nyuma na wewe.

1103
00:50:08,680 --> 00:50:10,430

1104
00:50:10,430 --> 00:50:14,700
Nyuma ya nyuma firewalls, ruta,
na kwa njia ya mtandao.

1105
00:50:14,700 --> 00:50:18,164

1106
00:50:18,164 --> 00:50:19,705
Nyuma kupitia firewall yako ya ushirika.

1107
00:50:19,705 --> 00:50:24,461

1108
00:50:24,461 --> 00:50:26,295
Na kwenye interface yako.

1109
00:50:26,295 --> 00:50:27,400

1110
00:50:27,400 --> 00:50:30,630
Tayari ugavi mtandao browser yako
na habari ombi.

1111
00:50:30,630 --> 00:50:33,010

1112
00:50:33,010 --> 00:50:34,538
Hiyo ni filamu hii.

1113
00:50:34,538 --> 00:50:40,030

1114
00:50:40,030 --> 00:50:43,200
>> Radhi na juhudi zao na
kuamini katika ulimwengu bora,

1115
00:50:43,200 --> 00:50:45,960
pakiti wetu muaminifu data
wapanda mbali blissfully

1116
00:50:45,960 --> 00:50:49,830
ndani ya jua kutua ya mwingine
siku, kujua kikamilifu wao

1117
00:50:49,830 --> 00:50:51,635
kuwa aliwahi mabwana zao vizuri.

1118
00:50:51,635 --> 00:50:54,030

1119
00:50:54,030 --> 00:50:57,209
Sasa, si kwamba kuishia furaha.

1120
00:50:57,209 --> 00:50:58,042
[MWISHO video avspelning]

1121
00:50:58,042 --> 00:50:59,533
DAVID Malan: Hiyo ni kwa CS50.

1122
00:50:59,533 --> 00:51:01,521
Tutaona unaweza wiki ijayo.

1123
00:51:01,521 --> 00:51:05,994

1124
00:51:05,994 --> 00:51:11,220
>> [MUSIC - KATY PERRY, "giza farasi"]

1125
00:51:11,220 --> 00:54:19,222