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>> ROB Bowden: Dan huwa l-
taqsima aktar komda,

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iżda dan ma jfissirx li jekk inti
jħossu bħal int mhux aktar komdi

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00:00:16,309 --> 00:00:18,420
inti mhux ser jitgħallmu affarijiet hawn.

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Mela ejja tibda.

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Għandek slides
jmorru dritt fis-affarijiet.

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Am I waslu biex ħu dan id-dritt issa?

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Qlib laptops.

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>> ALLISON: Inti ma tridx li
tintroduċi lilek innifsek, Rob?

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>> ROB Bowden: Oh, jien Rob.

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Dan huwa ħames sena TF-Ing CS50 tiegħi.

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>> GABRIEL: Ninsab Gabriel.

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Jien TF kap ta 'CS50.

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I kien TF aħħar sena u din is-sena.

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ALLISON: U jien Alison, u dan
huwa t-tieni sena TF-Ing CS50 tiegħi.

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>> ROB Bowden: Kull dritt, hekk
dan ħaġa fuq ix-xellug,

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nisperaw inti stajt tidher qabel.

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Jekk mhux għaliex inti
niżżlu għalik innifsek,

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inti għandek raw dan fil lecture.

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Allura dan huwa l-appliance CS50, u hu
għamlet xi ftit ta 'deskrizzjoni ta' dan

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fil lecture.

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Imma bażikament huwa biss int
qed jitħaddmu operattiv

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sistema fi ħdan operattiva tiegħek
sistema sabiex inkunu jistgħu jagħtuk

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programmi mingħajr il-bżonn
ninkwetaw, oh huwa dan

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sejjer jaħdem kemm fuq Windows
u Mac, jew jekk xi wħud minnkom

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huma diġà qed jużaw Linux, Linux.

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Huwa biss suppost li
tkun playing komuni

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qasam sabiex kulħadd ikollu l-
ambjent eżatt istess.

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>> Mela jekk inti ma jkunux
jitniżżel dan diġà,

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inti għandek tniżżel dan, għaliex int
tmur bżonnha għas-sett problema.

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U huwa tnejn gigabyte
download, u għalhekk jista 'jieħu awhile.

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Fuq il-Harvard li ser imorru malajr.

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Appliance hekk CS50.

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>> Issa fil-bidu, aħna qed tmur biex
jitkellmu dwar biss mazz ta 'linja ta' kmand

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Jittieħed, u għalhekk minn dak, I tfisser xogħol
f'dan l-ambjent ftit aktar hawn.

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U avviż kollha ta 'affarijiet
I say dritt hawn dritt issa

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sejjer jaħdem jekk int ġewwa ta
terminal ġewwa tal-appliance,

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jew jekk inti ġewwa ta '
il-tieqa terminal gedit

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ġewwa tal-appliance.

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Allura dawk l-ambjenti huma identiċi.

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>> Imma jien se jmorru terz rotta.

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U avviż stabbiliti hawn dan
ftit indirizz IP dritt hawn.

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Allura inti ma għandekx
tagħmel dan, iżda dan IP

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address-- issa jekk I-- ħlief
huwa imblukkata mill din il-ħaġa.

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OK, hekk li l-indirizz IP
fuq f'terminal

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here-- hekk din terminal fuq
hawnhekk hija terminal fil Mac tiegħi.

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Allura dan huwa bl-ebda mod bħalissa
assoċjati mal-apparat fil-livelli kollha.

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U jekk int fuq Windows, allura int
ser jeħtieġ li tniżżel xi ħaġa

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speċifikament għal dan, b'mod partikolari
nies għandhom tendenza jużaw Putty, P-U-T-T-Y.

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>> Allura dak li jien ser tagħmel hu li tip
SSH u mbagħad dak l-indirizz IP.

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Well, jharvard f'dak l-indirizz IP.

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Hekk 192.168.24.220.

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Dan il-messaġġ scary, jinjoraha.

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Just tip iva.

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Dan huwa CS50 f'kaxxa.

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Huwa jitlob għall-password tiegħek.

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>> U għalhekk fil-lott ta 'dawn il-kuntesti fejn
hija tistaqsi għall-password, [inaudible].

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Imxejna ltqajna ħafna mistoqsijiet fejn
jgħid mhuwiex attwalment ittajpjar.

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Ma nuruk-karattri ta '
il-password kif inti tip, jekk xejn,

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għal karatteristika ta 'sigurtà, għaliex jekk
xi ħadd qed tfittex fuq l-ispalla

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u jaraw star star
star star, allura dawn

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jafu li password tiegħek
huwa erba 'karattri.

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Allura l-idea hija li se jistaqsi
inti għall-password tiegħek, it-tip.

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Mhuwiex ser juru
inti l-karattri,

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imma hija attwalment taċċetta minnhom.

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F'dan il-każ, kwalunkwe ħin li inti
qatt tara password pront

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jittrattaw l-apparat, il-
password se tkun krimżi.

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Hekk krimżi.

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>> U issa hawn ġewwa ta 'dan
tieqa li huwa fil Mac tiegħi,

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I am bażikament jkollhom
l-istess fehma eżatt

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bħala ġewwa ta 'terminal
fl-appliance.

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Allura inti ma għandekx tagħmel dan.

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Tista 'tagħmel dak kollu li għandek
tixtieq ġewwa tal-appliance.

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I kważi qatt fil-fatt jagħmlu
xejn fl-appliance.

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I kważi dejjem jimminimizzaw dan u issa
Jien SSH taħdem fil-appliance.

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>> Jekk xejn, jekk inti
jkollhom kompjuter bil-mod,

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li tista 'tinnota differenza.

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Nagħmel dan minħabba I jippreferu
dan il-tieqa terminal.

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Hija għandha xi karatteristiċi simili
I tista 'tinqasam il-tieqa,

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u issa I jistgħu SSH fl
permezz tal-appliance.

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I ltqajna żewġ SSH għaddej f'daqqa.

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Jekk il-kompjuter tiegħek huwa partikolarment bil-mod
u int taħdem fl-appliance,

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u inti tirrealizza dan huwa
verament laggy, ikun x'ikun.

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Tendenza li jkun ħafna aktar mgħaġġla
jekk int SSH ed fil.

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Imma inkella inti tista 'taħdem jew mod.

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>> UDJENZA: X'tagħmel SSH jfisser?

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>> ROB Bowden: qxur Sikura,
xi ħaġa bħal dik?

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X'tagħmel SSH jfisser?

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GABRIEL: qoxra Secure.

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ALLISON: Huwa qoxra biss sigur.

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ROB Bowden: qoxra Secure.

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Huwa protokoll li you-- huwa
protokoll sigur, hekk encrypted.

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Nies ma jistgħux Snoop-netwerk u
tara dak li qed tgħid li xejn

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int SSH ed biex.

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U fil-fatt, fil-antik
ġranet ta 'CS50, hekk fl-2009

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meta I kien freshman, il-mod li
inti tkun ħdimt fuq settijiet problema CS50,

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kien inti SSH ed xi server
li aħna taw aċċess għal,

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u inti ħadmu fuq hemmhekk.

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Allura inti ma kellhomx din
appliance grafika.

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Inti ma kellhiex gedit.

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Inti ma kellhiex dawn kollha affarijiet li
inti tista 'viżwalment punt u kklikkja.

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Inti kellu jaħdem f'dan interface.

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I jippreferu li jaħdmu f'dan interface.

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Allura parti ta 'dak li aħna qed tmur
li għandha tmur fuq id-dritt issa

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huma mazz ta 'l-
jikkmanda li inti għandek

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tibda tikseb familjari ma kif
tmur flimkien fil-kors.

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U onestament, ladarba inti
jidraw lilhom, dan

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hija tant mgħaġġla li
jaħdmu f'dan l-ambjent

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milli huwa li taħdem ma finder,
jittrattienu u tikklikkja l-affarijiet.

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>> Allura aħna qegħdin hawn.

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Issa I biss SSH-ed fil, u għalhekk
l-inadempjenza location-- inti

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raw xi wħud minn dawn il-kmandijiet fil-klassi,
iżda aħna ser jmorru fuq kull wieħed minnhom mill-ġdid.

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Il-lokazzjoni default nkunu
fil hija l-direttorju dar.

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U direttorju, biss
kelma oħra għal folder.

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Allura aħna qed fil-direttorju dar.

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Ls Tip, jelenkaw l-fajls
f'dan id-direttorju.

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Evidentement I ħolqot blah.c qabel.

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Allura aħna għandna direttorju desktop.

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Tinnota l-sintassi tenfasizza?

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L-enfasi dawl blu jindika
direttorju u l-abjad dritta

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jindika biss fajl sempliċi.

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00:06:34,380 --> 00:06:35,410

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Allura hemm ser tkun
xi kuluri oħra li inti tara.

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Eżekutibbli fajl huwa probabbilment se
li jkun aħdar jew xi ħaġa bħal dik.

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OK, hekk aħna fil-direttorju dar.

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>> Issa jekk irrid li jmorru fi differenti
direttorju, cd hija l-kmand nixtieq.

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Allura bidla tad-direttorju, u allura inti
jgħaddu l-isem tad-direttorju

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li inti tixtieq li tmur fis.

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Allura hawnhekk għandna erba 'għażliet.

151
00:06:55,780 --> 00:07:03,397
I tista 'tmur fil downloads, u issa naraw
hawn aġġorna dan parenthetical

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ngħid jien fil ~ / downloads.

153
00:07:04,480 --> 00:07:05,620

154
00:07:05,620 --> 00:07:06,800
>> Allura x'inhi tilde?

155
00:07:06,800 --> 00:07:10,640
Huwa qosor għal
direttorju dar tiegħek.

156
00:07:10,640 --> 00:07:15,260
Allura kważi dak kollu li għandek tagħmel huwa se
tkun tirrigwarda direttorju dar tiegħek,

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u PWD huwa biss kmand
I jużaw darba fis-sena li

158
00:07:20,620 --> 00:07:22,420
biss prints l-direttorju kurrenti.

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U għalhekk inti tara hawn li
~ / Downloads verament jirrisolvi

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li / home / jharvard / downloads.

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00:07:26,896 --> 00:07:29,320

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00:07:29,320 --> 00:07:32,230
Allura / home / jharvard huwa direttorju dar tiegħi.

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00:07:32,230 --> 00:07:33,700

164
00:07:33,700 --> 00:07:39,400
>> Allura nistgħu cd dot dot.

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00:07:39,400 --> 00:07:47,800
Issa dot dot huwa direttorju speċjali li
dejjem jirreferi għall-direttorju wieħed up.

166
00:07:47,800 --> 00:07:51,730
Hekk jekk jien fil ~ / downloads, allura cd dot
dot huwa ser iġibu lili biex tilde.

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00:07:51,730 --> 00:07:52,950

168
00:07:52,950 --> 00:07:55,490
What do naħsbu cd dot dot
huwa ser iġibu lili issa?

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00:07:55,490 --> 00:07:58,740

170
00:07:58,740 --> 00:08:00,570
Hija ser iġibu me / home.

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00:08:00,570 --> 00:08:04,450
Allura tilde mill direttorju xogħol print,
Jien fil issa / home / jharvard.

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00:08:04,450 --> 00:08:06,060

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direttorju wieħed up minn dan,
issa jgħid here / home.

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>> Issa cd dot dot.

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00:08:17,180 --> 00:08:20,910
Issa jien fid-direttorju għerq,
u inti ma tistax tagħmel dan mill-ġdid.

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Int ser ikollok biss jibqgħu fil-
direttorju għerq dejjem.

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Id-direttorju għerq għandha mazz sħiħ ta '
affarijiet li, jekk inti tixtieq li tħares lejn,

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00:08:26,700 --> 00:08:27,410
tista '.

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00:08:27,410 --> 00:08:29,700
Per eżempju, jekk immur
fis bin, li fih

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dawn binaries kollha, bħal ls,
u cd, u kollha ta 'dawk l-affarijiet.

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Allura dawn il-kmandijiet bżonn
jeżistu x'imkien fis-sistema,

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u huwa fid-direttorju / bin.

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Iżda kważi kollox inti tagħmel huwa
se jkun minn direttorju dar tiegħek.

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U cd mingħajr ebda argumenti tkun xi tkun,
inti tista 'tgħid cd ~, m'għandhomx bżonn li.

186
00:08:49,490 --> 00:08:51,810
cd hija ser iġibu lilek
lura għall-direttorju dar tiegħek.

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00:08:51,810 --> 00:08:53,170

188
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>> Waħda mill-aħħar wieħed.

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00:08:54,230 --> 00:09:00,200
cd - se inti tressaq lura lejn
l-aħħar tad-direttorju li inti kienu fil.

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So I biss cd'd darbtejn in fila, hekk tiegħi
aħħar direttorju kienet il-direttorju dar.

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00:09:04,080 --> 00:09:11,520
Jekk immur mmejla bin, u issa
ejja go up u fis utent.

192
00:09:11,520 --> 00:09:12,550

193
00:09:12,550 --> 00:09:13,280
Sehem utent.

194
00:09:13,280 --> 00:09:14,840

195
00:09:14,840 --> 00:09:15,940
Ejja mur sehem utent.

196
00:09:15,940 --> 00:09:17,140
Issa jien issa fis-sehem utent.

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00:09:17,140 --> 00:09:19,320
cd -, lura fl bin.

198
00:09:19,320 --> 00:09:22,980
Allura dan gets partikolarment utli
meta inti have-- u inneħħu toggle.

199
00:09:22,980 --> 00:09:25,660
Allura sehem utent, lura bin, bin sehem.

200
00:09:25,660 --> 00:09:27,250
>> Allura dan gets utli.

201
00:09:27,250 --> 00:09:33,150
Inti tista 'ssib ruħek li ħafna,
ħafna, direttorji nested ħafna.

202
00:09:33,150 --> 00:09:37,370
U inti tixtieq li tagħmel xi ħaġa
quick reali direttorju ta 'fuq.

203
00:09:37,370 --> 00:09:40,330
Inti tmur f'dak direttorju, jagħmlu
bidliet u għalf bħal dik,

204
00:09:40,330 --> 00:09:42,400
u issa inti tixtieq li tmur
lura lejn fejn inti kienu.

205
00:09:42,400 --> 00:09:43,660
cd -.

206
00:09:43,660 --> 00:09:47,320
Jien dejjem frustrati
meta I jiġri li jmorru

207
00:09:47,320 --> 00:09:49,630
għal dak direttorju I
riedu li jagħmlu xogħol fil-.

208
00:09:49,630 --> 00:09:52,670
I dejjem jiksbu frustrati meta għamilt
magħha f'żewġ passi minflok pass wieħed,

209
00:09:52,670 --> 00:09:55,715
għaliex dan ifisser li cd - huwa għaddej
biex idaħħlu fis f'dak il-post intermedju

210
00:09:55,715 --> 00:09:57,010
minflok fejn Irrid immur.

211
00:09:57,010 --> 00:09:59,350

212
00:09:59,350 --> 00:10:01,450
>> Allura naraw il-fajls kollha lista.

213
00:10:01,450 --> 00:10:03,300
Nafu kif tikseb madwar s'issa.

214
00:10:03,300 --> 00:10:09,900
Allura issa ejja nitkellmu dwar editjar fajls.

215
00:10:09,900 --> 00:10:18,790
Allura f'dan il-kors, int kważi
dejjem mistennija jużaw gedit.

216
00:10:18,790 --> 00:10:24,410
Jekk inti tixtieq, inti tista 'tieħu l-pass li jmiss
u tibda t-tagħlim test linja ta 'kmand

217
00:10:24,410 --> 00:10:25,240
editur.

218
00:10:25,240 --> 00:10:27,560
Allura għażliet varji jeżistu.

219
00:10:27,560 --> 00:10:31,760
>> U dawk li huma probabbilment
se tkun relevanti għalik,

220
00:10:31,760 --> 00:10:35,340
għandna Nano, vim, u Emacs.

221
00:10:35,340 --> 00:10:40,196
Allura Nano hija l-jibdew
kmand tal-linja test editur.

222
00:10:40,196 --> 00:10:42,985
Mela Nano ejja jmorru fuq
blah.c I maħluqa qabel.

223
00:10:42,985 --> 00:10:44,030

224
00:10:44,030 --> 00:10:46,480
Huwa biss dan il-fajl C standard.

225
00:10:46,480 --> 00:10:51,540
U tara mazz sħiħ ta 'għalf
għaddej fil-qiegħ tal-iskrin,

226
00:10:51,540 --> 00:10:54,100
u apparentement blah.c
fih dan il-kodiċi C.

227
00:10:54,100 --> 00:10:55,420

228
00:10:55,420 --> 00:11:00,330
>> Allura f'dan editur partikolari,
dak li kien qal fil-bottom--

229
00:11:00,330 --> 00:11:06,290
issa dan is-simbolu caret,
naraw dan ^ G, ^ X, ^ O.

230
00:11:06,290 --> 00:11:10,310
Allura li fi kważi kollha
kuntest li tara,

231
00:11:10,310 --> 00:11:13,530
inti tista 'tara dak is-simbolu caret fl
postijiet oħra online, fuq munzell overflow,

232
00:11:13,530 --> 00:11:14,450
xi ħaġa bħal dik.

233
00:11:14,450 --> 00:11:16,970
Huwa kważi dejjem jirreferi għall-kontroll.

234
00:11:16,970 --> 00:11:21,590
So għall-ħruġ nixtieq do
Kontroll X. Kontroll X, ħruġ.

235
00:11:21,590 --> 00:11:22,750

236
00:11:22,750 --> 00:11:26,855
U nista 'nuża vleġġa tiegħi
ċwievet biex jiċċaqalqu.

237
00:11:26,855 --> 00:11:28,010

238
00:11:28,010 --> 00:11:31,015
Avviż I ma tista 'punt u kklikkja faċilment.

239
00:11:31,015 --> 00:11:33,000

240
00:11:33,000 --> 00:11:35,010
Inti jeħtieġ tuża arrow tiegħek
ċwievet biex jiċċaqalqu.

241
00:11:35,010 --> 00:11:36,950
Jista 'jkun hemm setting
għall-punt u kklikkja.

242
00:11:36,950 --> 00:11:40,000
>> Imma ejja jagħmlu xi bidliet.

243
00:11:40,000 --> 00:11:42,100
Issa Kontroll X biex imorru ħruġ.

244
00:11:42,100 --> 00:11:44,120
Li għaddej biex ngħid ħlief buffer modifikata.

245
00:11:44,120 --> 00:11:47,900
Issa fil-pront, y għal iva, n għall-ebda.

246
00:11:47,900 --> 00:11:49,900
Kontroll C għal tikkanċella.

247
00:11:49,900 --> 00:11:50,780
I ser biss jgħidu iva.

248
00:11:50,780 --> 00:11:51,709
Fajl isem li tikteb.

249
00:11:51,709 --> 00:11:53,500
L-default huwa l-fajl
li diġà hi.

250
00:11:53,500 --> 00:11:54,230
Hit Ikteb.

251
00:11:54,230 --> 00:11:54,740
OK.

252
00:11:54,740 --> 00:11:58,580
Issa stajt biss editjat dan il-fajl,
meħlusin, u ikun inbidel.

253
00:11:58,580 --> 00:11:59,770

254
00:11:59,770 --> 00:12:03,000
>> Allura Nano hija l-eħfef
test editur jidraw.

255
00:12:03,000 --> 00:12:05,520
L-alternattivi huma Vim u Emacs.

256
00:12:05,520 --> 00:12:11,250
Dawk huma edituri test ta 'livell ogħla
li għandhom kurva tat-tagħlim wieqaf ħafna.

257
00:12:11,250 --> 00:12:13,740
Allura preferenza personali tiegħi huwa Vim.

258
00:12:13,740 --> 00:12:17,175
U għandu varjetà wiesgħa ta 'għażliet.

259
00:12:17,175 --> 00:12:18,210

260
00:12:18,210 --> 00:12:24,070
U ladarba inti jidraw
lilha, int qatt ser

261
00:12:24,070 --> 00:12:26,900
tixtieq li tmur għal kwalunkwe oħra
test editur għaliex inti biss

262
00:12:26,900 --> 00:12:29,590
tant affarijiet
disponibbli lilek fil dawn,

263
00:12:29,590 --> 00:12:31,690
iżda tieħu verament
żmien twil biex jitgħallmu.

264
00:12:31,690 --> 00:12:36,000
Allura forsi inti biss tixtieq li seħħ
yourself dritt issa biex jidraw lilha,

265
00:12:36,000 --> 00:12:38,130
imma jien ngħid huwa worth it.

266
00:12:38,130 --> 00:12:39,660
Iżda huwa diffiċli.

267
00:12:39,660 --> 00:12:41,220
>> U mbagħad Emacs.

268
00:12:41,220 --> 00:12:44,940
Jien dejjem jbatu fl Emacs għaliex
Naf kif jagħmlu assolutament xejn.

269
00:12:44,940 --> 00:12:47,755
Apparentement Emacs mhuwiex b'mankanza
installat fuq l-appliance.

270
00:12:47,755 --> 00:12:49,210

271
00:12:49,210 --> 00:12:51,720
Aħna probabbilment se jżidu li
bħala installazzjonijiet default.

272
00:12:51,720 --> 00:12:59,620

273
00:12:59,620 --> 00:13:02,390
Ladarba inti jitgħallmu waħda mill
VIM jew Emacs, hemm

274
00:13:02,390 --> 00:13:04,810
ebda raġuni konvinċenti biex
qatt jitgħallmu l-oħra,

275
00:13:04,810 --> 00:13:07,570
imma hija stil kompletament differenti.

276
00:13:07,570 --> 00:13:10,460
OK hekk li l-editjar fajls test.

277
00:13:10,460 --> 00:13:13,374
>> UDJENZA: Jekk inti kienu staġnati
fil Vim dritt issa, kif do we--

278
00:13:13,374 --> 00:13:18,840

279
00:13:18,840 --> 00:13:20,800
>> ROB Bowden: Hemm
modi multipli Vim,

280
00:13:20,800 --> 00:13:23,770
u hemm kollu
tutorials fuq it-tagħlim Vim.

281
00:13:23,770 --> 00:13:27,390
Mela jekk inti jiġri li jkun
fl daħħal modalità sabiex

282
00:13:27,390 --> 00:13:29,930
tip test, li inti tista '
jidħol li fil-modi varji,

283
00:13:29,930 --> 00:13:31,610
iżda i huwa kif inti tikseb fis daħħal modalità.

284
00:13:31,610 --> 00:13:34,780
Jew toħroġ 'kwalunkwe speċjali
modalità li int fil, biss jaħarbu.

285
00:13:34,780 --> 00:13:37,640
U inti biss bash Escape biex tikseb
out ta 'kwalunkwe modi nested fil tiegħek.

286
00:13:37,640 --> 00:13:40,360
Just OK, issa jien lura fil-modalità normali.

287
00:13:40,360 --> 00:13:43,790
>> U hekk fil-modalità normali, kolon.

288
00:13:43,790 --> 00:13:45,160
Tara dan jidher fil-qiegħ.

289
00:13:45,160 --> 00:13:46,240
U mbagħad q.

290
00:13:46,240 --> 00:13:52,600
Allura q se nieqaf jekk inti ħadna bidliet,
li I-- jiena għamel bidliet?

291
00:13:52,600 --> 00:13:54,180
I għamlu bidliet apparentement.

292
00:13:54,180 --> 00:13:57,264
Mela jekk inti ħadthom għamel bidliet, inneħħu
ngħidu li inti tista 'tpoġġi marka exclamation.

293
00:13:57,264 --> 00:13:58,430
Jien ser sejħa hija bang.

294
00:13:58,430 --> 00:14:02,040
Allura inti tista 'tpoġġi projbizzjoni għal ftit
nieqaf mingħajr ma jsir xejn,

295
00:14:02,040 --> 00:14:04,520
jew WQ kolon se jiffrankaw u nieqaf.

296
00:14:04,520 --> 00:14:06,580
Allura w in ġenerali hu li tikteb.

297
00:14:06,580 --> 00:14:08,300
Allura tikteb il-fajl.

298
00:14:08,300 --> 00:14:09,810
Kapaċi nikteb u nieqaf.

299
00:14:09,810 --> 00:14:13,606
Jew inti tista għadek
slam qx, q bang biss

300
00:14:13,606 --> 00:14:16,230
biex tikseb minn hemmhekk irrispettivament
ta 'kwalunkwe bidliet li inti stajt magħmula.

301
00:14:16,230 --> 00:14:21,310

302
00:14:21,310 --> 00:14:28,940
>> Kull dritt, hekk issa ejja
go-- nistgħu noħolqu fajls.

303
00:14:28,940 --> 00:14:30,890
Ejja nibdew tneħħi fajls.

304
00:14:30,890 --> 00:14:35,450
U jien ser biss tarmi waħda
quick ġdida ta 'kmand, touch.

305
00:14:35,450 --> 00:14:38,200
Allura touch foo.

306
00:14:38,200 --> 00:14:39,340
Bar Touch.

307
00:14:39,340 --> 00:14:40,220
Touch baz.

308
00:14:40,220 --> 00:14:42,810
Jekk ls I, issa naraw
li dawn il-fajls jeżistu.

309
00:14:42,810 --> 00:14:44,315
Huma qed kompletament vojta.

310
00:14:44,315 --> 00:14:47,178
Allura touch huwa biss faċli
mod ta 'wieħed, [inaudible].

311
00:14:47,178 --> 00:14:50,850

312
00:14:50,850 --> 00:14:54,640
Żewġ, teknikament biss għall-istat
dan, taġġorna l-timestamps.

313
00:14:54,640 --> 00:14:58,470
Sabiex kwalunkwe fajl li inti toħloq għandu
timestamp assoċjati magħha.

314
00:14:58,470 --> 00:15:01,330
Allura baz inħoloq fuq
Settembru 14 fil 16:21.

315
00:15:01,330 --> 00:15:02,570

316
00:15:02,570 --> 00:15:06,670
Huwa issa 16:22, hekk jekk
I touch baz darb'oħra, aħna

317
00:15:06,670 --> 00:15:11,420
tara li baz kienet l-aktar
modifikati reċentement fil 16:22.

318
00:15:11,420 --> 00:15:17,680
Iżda altrimenti I kważi qatt
tħares lejn il-timestamps fuq fajls.

319
00:15:17,680 --> 00:15:20,490
Allura touch, hawn jien biss jużaw
biex joħolqu xi fajls malajr.

320
00:15:20,490 --> 00:15:21,620

321
00:15:21,620 --> 00:15:27,400
>> Kull dritt, hekk issa rm huwa l-
kmand li aħna kura dwar hawn.

322
00:15:27,400 --> 00:15:28,665
U nistgħu rm Boo.

323
00:15:28,665 --> 00:15:31,000
Say neħħi Boo regolari fajl vojt.

324
00:15:31,000 --> 00:15:34,070
U aħna tista tip y, u issa huwa tneħħi.

325
00:15:34,070 --> 00:15:34,850
baz rm.

326
00:15:34,850 --> 00:15:35,910

327
00:15:35,910 --> 00:15:38,620
Neħħi fajl vojt regolari
baz u t-tip n għall-ebda.

328
00:15:38,620 --> 00:15:40,060
Issa huwa ma jitneħħiex.

329
00:15:40,060 --> 00:15:41,240
Allura bar u baz għadhom jeżistu.

330
00:15:41,240 --> 00:15:42,232
Foo hija marret.

331
00:15:42,232 --> 00:15:43,148
GABRIEL: Żomm jitkellem.

332
00:15:43,148 --> 00:15:43,970

333
00:15:43,970 --> 00:15:44,720
ROB Bowden: Great.

334
00:15:44,720 --> 00:15:45,800

335
00:15:45,800 --> 00:15:50,370
Allura l-messaġġ annoying
hawn, neħħi empty-- regolari

336
00:15:50,370 --> 00:15:52,390
x'qed tagħmel stabbiliti hemmhekk?

337
00:15:52,390 --> 00:15:54,030
Neħħi fajl vojt regolari.

338
00:15:54,030 --> 00:15:58,840

339
00:15:58,840 --> 00:16:01,610
Hekk jekk aħna ma tridx tkun
bothered minn dak il-messaġġ,

340
00:16:01,610 --> 00:16:05,340
nistgħu tarmi f'din-f
bandiera, u b'tali mod li seħħ.

341
00:16:05,340 --> 00:16:11,330
U issa jekk I rm-f, huwa mhux ser
jgħidu do inti tixtieq li tneħħi dan il-fajl.

342
00:16:11,330 --> 00:16:12,040
Hija ser biss tagħmel dan.

343
00:16:12,040 --> 00:16:13,720
U ls, ma narax bar hemmhekk jibqgħalu.

344
00:16:13,720 --> 00:16:14,810

345
00:16:14,810 --> 00:16:18,021
>> Issa li huwa potenzjalment
kmand perikolużi.

346
00:16:18,021 --> 00:16:19,020
Hemm tendenza li ma wisq ħażina.

347
00:16:19,020 --> 00:16:22,240
Aħna ser jiġu lura fit-tieni mod kif
jistgħu jiksbu verament perikolużi.

348
00:16:22,240 --> 00:16:28,740
U ejja joħolqu xi direttorju temperatura.

349
00:16:28,740 --> 00:16:30,880
mkdir, kmand ieħor.

350
00:16:30,880 --> 00:16:34,880
Allura mkdir huwa kmand
li jagħmel direttorju.

351
00:16:34,880 --> 00:16:40,650
U issa billi ls naraw id-dawl sbieħ
blu enfasizzati direttorju temperatura.

352
00:16:40,650 --> 00:16:42,295
Nista cd fis temperatura.

353
00:16:42,295 --> 00:16:44,590
U nista mkdir foo.

354
00:16:44,590 --> 00:16:46,330
cd fis foo. bar mkdir.

355
00:16:46,330 --> 00:16:46,860
cd fis bar.

356
00:16:46,860 --> 00:16:49,400

357
00:16:49,400 --> 00:16:54,300
>> Allura naraw nistgħu faċilment jiksbu
fis xi nesting pretty fond.

358
00:16:54,300 --> 00:16:56,385
Issa kif nista tneħħi direttorju?

359
00:16:56,385 --> 00:16:57,020

360
00:16:57,020 --> 00:16:57,520
rmdir.

361
00:16:57,520 --> 00:16:59,030

362
00:16:59,030 --> 00:17:03,540
Hekk jekk I biss straight jippruvaw rm,
bħal għamilna ma 'fajl regolari,

363
00:17:03,540 --> 00:17:06,420
bar rm se
jgħidu ma tistax tneħħi bar.

364
00:17:06,420 --> 00:17:07,569
Hija huwa direttorju.

365
00:17:07,569 --> 00:17:10,619
Hemm kmand speċjali għall
tneħħija direttorji, it-tip ta '.

366
00:17:10,619 --> 00:17:12,900
Bar hekk rmdir.

367
00:17:12,900 --> 00:17:13,710
Issa bar hija marret.

368
00:17:13,710 --> 00:17:14,980

369
00:17:14,980 --> 00:17:22,680
>> OK, hekk rmdir I pretty ħafna qatt ma jużaw.

370
00:17:22,680 --> 00:17:32,220
Ir-raġuni being-- issa ejja
tagħmel bar fajl regolari fil hawn.

371
00:17:32,220 --> 00:17:34,780
Boo hekk rmdir.

372
00:17:34,780 --> 00:17:35,760
rmdir.

373
00:17:35,760 --> 00:17:36,900
Naqset biex jitneħħew foo.

374
00:17:36,900 --> 00:17:38,420
Directory mhux vojta.

375
00:17:38,420 --> 00:17:43,420
Allura inti ma tistax tuża tneħħi dir fuq
direttorju li għandha l-affarijiet fiha.

376
00:17:43,420 --> 00:17:44,830
>> Hekk ikollok xi għażliet.

377
00:17:44,830 --> 00:17:49,780
Inti tista 'tmur f'dak direttorju, neħħi
kollox manwalment, u mbagħad toħroġ

378
00:17:49,780 --> 00:17:51,759
u rmdir l-direttorju.

379
00:17:51,759 --> 00:17:53,050
Li ovvjament ħsejjes tedjanti.

380
00:17:53,050 --> 00:17:55,000
X'jiġri jekk hemm eluf
ta 'fajls fil hemmhekk?

381
00:17:55,000 --> 00:17:58,119
Ukoll, inti tista 'rm *.

382
00:17:58,119 --> 00:17:59,410
Aħna ser jitkellmu dwar * fit-tieni.

383
00:17:59,410 --> 00:18:00,870
Dan bażikament ifisser l-affarijiet kollha.

384
00:18:00,870 --> 00:18:02,030

385
00:18:02,030 --> 00:18:05,470
Iżda aħjar għadhom, -R hekk rm.

386
00:18:05,470 --> 00:18:10,220
Allura rm -r-- fil-lott ta '
kuntesti, -R ifisser rikursivi,

387
00:18:10,220 --> 00:18:13,810
li aħna ser nitkellmu dwar dak li
mezzi jirrikorri f'diversi ġimgħat.

388
00:18:13,810 --> 00:18:18,630
Iżda huwa bażikament ifisser travers
l-intier ta 'dan id-direttorju

389
00:18:18,630 --> 00:18:20,190
u neħħi kollox.

390
00:18:20,190 --> 00:18:24,420
>> Foo -R hekk rm se ngħid
jinżlu fil foo direttorju?

391
00:18:24,420 --> 00:18:25,210
Iva.

392
00:18:25,210 --> 00:18:26,800
Neħħi regolari vojta fajl foo / bar?

393
00:18:26,800 --> 00:18:27,880

394
00:18:27,880 --> 00:18:28,540
Iva.

395
00:18:28,540 --> 00:18:29,760
Neħħi foo direttorju?

396
00:18:29,760 --> 00:18:30,260
Iva.

397
00:18:30,260 --> 00:18:31,470

398
00:18:31,470 --> 00:18:35,020
Allura issa foo u kollox
fi ħdanu tneħħa.

399
00:18:35,020 --> 00:18:42,370
>> Issa li jistgħu jiksbu partikolarment annoying
when-- ejja touch 1, touch 2, touch 3.

400
00:18:42,370 --> 00:18:44,400
Jista 'jkollhom mazz sħiħ ta' fajls.

401
00:18:44,400 --> 00:18:49,060
Jekk jien ridt, I tista 'toħloq
eluf ta 'fajls fil hawn.

402
00:18:49,060 --> 00:18:53,340
U foo -R rm va
li jkun pjuttost annoying.

403
00:18:53,340 --> 00:18:55,374
Iva, iva, iva, iva, iva, iva.

404
00:18:55,374 --> 00:18:57,540
Bil-lott aktar fajls inti
malajr tara kif ħafna drabi

405
00:18:57,540 --> 00:18:58,581
I jkollhom tip iva.

406
00:18:58,581 --> 00:19:02,265
Well, aħna biss raw qabel kif nistgħu
jeħles ta 'bżonn li tip iva,-f.

407
00:19:02,265 --> 00:19:03,330

408
00:19:03,330 --> 00:19:07,020
Allura mkdir cd foo foo touch 1 2 3.

409
00:19:07,020 --> 00:19:08,380

410
00:19:08,380 --> 00:19:17,190
OK, foo -rf hekk rm se
addoċċ neħħi foo kompletament.

411
00:19:17,190 --> 00:19:17,960
Nru pront.

412
00:19:17,960 --> 00:19:18,650
Ebda xejn.

413
00:19:18,650 --> 00:19:20,040
Foo hija marret.

414
00:19:20,040 --> 00:19:23,830
>> So I għandhom tendenza li jużaw dan
kmand-ħin kollu.

415
00:19:23,830 --> 00:19:25,120

416
00:19:25,120 --> 00:19:27,830
Cela dit, huwa
kmand perikolużi ħafna,

417
00:19:27,830 --> 00:19:33,240
għaliex jekk I tagħmel xi ħaġa simili
dan, mhux se pront inti.

418
00:19:33,240 --> 00:19:34,730
Hija se tkun marret.

419
00:19:34,730 --> 00:19:40,140
U dan jiġri pretty spiss,
u anki fil-livell ogħla korsijiet CS.

420
00:19:40,140 --> 00:19:42,070
Kultant aħna ser tara
xi ħaġa fejn xi ħadd

421
00:19:42,070 --> 00:19:48,360
jgħid I aċċidentalment rm tagħna rf-ed-dar tiegħi
direttorju u kollha ta 'sett P tiegħi hija marret.

422
00:19:48,360 --> 00:19:52,422
U huwa devastanti,
iżda hemm ebda Trash jista.

423
00:19:52,422 --> 00:19:54,380
M'hemm l-ebda hemm xejn
għalik sabiex tkun irkuprata.

424
00:19:54,380 --> 00:19:55,330
Huwa biss marret.

425
00:19:55,330 --> 00:19:56,529

426
00:19:56,529 --> 00:19:58,320
Saħansitra agħar tkun
xi ħaġa bħal -rf rm /.

427
00:19:58,320 --> 00:19:59,432

428
00:19:59,432 --> 00:20:01,140
Allura aħna biss diskussi
li direttorju għerq.

429
00:20:01,140 --> 00:20:03,095
Hija żżomm kollha ta 'l-
fajls fuq sistema tiegħek.

430
00:20:03,095 --> 00:20:04,120

431
00:20:04,120 --> 00:20:07,380
Affarijiet għandhom tendenza li tikseb pretty messy
meta inti tneħħi affarijiet simili ls,

432
00:20:07,380 --> 00:20:10,280
u cd, u dawk kollha.

433
00:20:10,280 --> 00:20:15,467
>> UDJENZA: X'hemm differenza
bejn rm, rf, u rm *

434
00:20:15,467 --> 00:20:16,300
ROB Bowden: Allura rm * -

435
00:20:16,300 --> 00:20:17,700

436
00:20:17,700 --> 00:20:22,300
>> ALLISON: Mistoqsija kien x'inhu l-
differenza bejn rm, rf, u rm *.

437
00:20:22,300 --> 00:20:23,750

438
00:20:23,750 --> 00:20:25,950
>> ROB Bowden: Allura rm *.

439
00:20:25,950 --> 00:20:31,910
Star fil-mezzi ġenerali kollha tal
il-kontenut ta 'dan id-direttorju.

440
00:20:31,910 --> 00:20:33,540

441
00:20:33,540 --> 00:20:35,540
Jippruvaw jaħsbu oħra
modi ta 'li juru stilla.

442
00:20:35,540 --> 00:20:38,280

443
00:20:38,280 --> 00:20:44,780
Ukoll, istilla attwalment ġeneralment
ifisser jlaħħaq kull mudell.

444
00:20:44,780 --> 00:20:54,930
Hekk jekk I jkollhom fajl imsejjaħ dog1,
touch dog2, touch KAT1, touch KAT2.

445
00:20:54,930 --> 00:20:56,050

446
00:20:56,050 --> 00:21:02,110
Allura ls * 1 se jistampaw KAT1 u
dog1, minħabba li star jistgħu jiġu mimlija

447
00:21:02,110 --> 00:21:06,270
fil with-- l-waħda jeħtieġ li jkun hemm,
iżda star jista 'jkun jew qattus jew kelb.

448
00:21:06,270 --> 00:21:07,247
Huwa wild card.

449
00:21:07,247 --> 00:21:08,580
Dik hija l-kelma I infittex.

450
00:21:08,580 --> 00:21:09,120
Wild card.

451
00:21:09,120 --> 00:21:10,180

452
00:21:10,180 --> 00:21:13,960
Jew I tista 'ls-klieb *, u
Jien qbilna biex tara dog1, dog2.

453
00:21:13,960 --> 00:21:16,870
Għalhekk dawn huma jelenka l-fajls
li jaqblu dak il-mudell partikolari.

454
00:21:16,870 --> 00:21:18,150
Inti tista 'tuża ls b'dan il-mod.

455
00:21:18,150 --> 00:21:19,350

456
00:21:19,350 --> 00:21:22,020
>> Ls * star logħbiet xejn.

457
00:21:22,020 --> 00:21:25,710
Allura li għaddej biex jistampaw kollha ta '
il-kontenut ta 'dan id-direttorju

458
00:21:25,710 --> 00:21:27,290
peress ilkoll jaqblu.

459
00:21:27,290 --> 00:21:30,130
Huwa mhux se print xejn
fid-direttorji livell fuqani.

460
00:21:30,130 --> 00:21:38,680
Jekk ikolli sub direttorju, foo, u
tmissx 1 2 3-- hekk issa jekk rm * star,

461
00:21:38,680 --> 00:21:41,450
neħħi KAT1, KAT2, dog1, dog2.

462
00:21:41,450 --> 00:21:42,340
Ma tistax tneħħi foo.

463
00:21:42,340 --> 00:21:43,090
Hija huwa direttorju.

464
00:21:43,090 --> 00:21:43,920

465
00:21:43,920 --> 00:21:50,340
>> Allura star tespandi biex l-
fajls fil-direttorju.

466
00:21:50,340 --> 00:21:55,210
Allura teknikament rm * huwa simili qal
KAT1 rm, KAT2, dog1, dog2, foo.

467
00:21:55,210 --> 00:22:03,630
Billi -rf rm, teknikament star kieku
tlesti dak li rridu, imma rm -rf--

468
00:22:03,630 --> 00:22:06,090
jekk I go out ta 'dan
direttorju, temperatura -rf rm,

469
00:22:06,090 --> 00:22:08,890
li għaddej biex tmur fis temperatura u
recursively neħħi kollox.

470
00:22:08,890 --> 00:22:11,260

471
00:22:11,260 --> 00:22:21,060
>> Allura star hija separata f'dak li
Huwa mifhum by-- hekk dan ħaġa

472
00:22:21,060 --> 00:22:25,090
li niġri fil, dan il-ħaġa
li huwa suġġeriment lili għal kmandijiet

473
00:22:25,090 --> 00:22:28,770
u mbagħad eżekuzzjoni u tagħmel
minnhom, I call dan qoxra tiegħi.

474
00:22:28,770 --> 00:22:31,930
U għalhekk dan qoxra innifsu huwa program.

475
00:22:31,930 --> 00:22:35,010
U jekk jien ridt, I
tista 'tmexxi fil / bin / bash.

476
00:22:35,010 --> 00:22:36,930
Il-qoxra huwa msejjaħ bash.

477
00:22:36,930 --> 00:22:39,340
U issa aħna Avviż xi ħaġa
naqset ftit inbidlet,

478
00:22:39,340 --> 00:22:42,200
u dan għaliex settings tiegħi għal
il-qoxra huma kemmxejn differenti.

479
00:22:42,200 --> 00:22:45,415
>> Imma issa jien teknikament running
qoxra fi ħdan qoxra oriġinali tiegħi,

480
00:22:45,415 --> 00:22:49,570
u nista 'ħruġ li qoxra, u issa
Jien lura għal qoxra tiegħi ogħla livell.

481
00:22:49,570 --> 00:22:55,240
L-iskop ta 'tgħid
li is-- l-istilla.

482
00:22:55,240 --> 00:22:59,020
Allura l-istilla hija xi ħaġa
mifhuma mill bash.

483
00:22:59,020 --> 00:23:04,260
Allura -rf rm, bandiera -rf huwa
mifhum bi ftit rm.

484
00:23:04,260 --> 00:23:06,380
Huwa jaf li meta inti
jgħaddu minn -rf li inti

485
00:23:06,380 --> 00:23:09,520
tixtieq li tneħħi recursively
fajls kollha mingħajr suġġeriment.

486
00:23:09,520 --> 00:23:13,960
L-istilla hija xi ħaġa mifhum
billi bash li meta inti tgħidli rm *,

487
00:23:13,960 --> 00:23:16,890
bash mhux se ngħid
ħej rm *, neħħi stilla.

488
00:23:16,890 --> 00:23:21,010
Bash huwa se ngħid rm *
neħħi KAT1, KAT2, dog1, dog2.

489
00:23:21,010 --> 00:23:24,305
Huwa awtomatikament ser jespandu
kollha tal-fajls fil-direttorju.

490
00:23:24,305 --> 00:23:29,100

491
00:23:29,100 --> 00:23:33,140
>> U l-istess tilde hija ieħor
simbolu li bash jifhem.

492
00:23:33,140 --> 00:23:37,130
Meta inti tgħidli cd ~, bash tespandi
li biex direttorju dar tiegħek.

493
00:23:37,130 --> 00:23:38,910

494
00:23:38,910 --> 00:23:40,210
Mistoqsijiet oħra s'issa?

495
00:23:40,210 --> 00:23:42,760

496
00:23:42,760 --> 00:23:46,060
OK hekk aħna qed tmur biex tibda tmur malajr.

497
00:23:46,060 --> 00:23:47,700

498
00:23:47,700 --> 00:23:48,545
>> Tlestija tab.

499
00:23:48,545 --> 00:23:49,670
Just biex tarmi hemmhekk.

500
00:23:49,670 --> 00:23:51,530
A lott ta 'nies ma
tirrealizza dan jeżisti.

501
00:23:51,530 --> 00:23:55,060
Mela jekk jien tip cd dow, I
tixtieq li tmur fis downloads.

502
00:23:55,060 --> 00:23:56,700
I m'għandhomx bżonn li nloads tip.

503
00:23:56,700 --> 00:23:57,960

504
00:23:57,960 --> 00:24:00,770
I tista 'biss hit Tab.

505
00:24:00,770 --> 00:24:03,794
Għalhekk jirrikonoxxi li
dow huwa prefiss li

506
00:24:03,794 --> 00:24:05,710
ma taqbilx ma 'xejn
inkella f'dan id-direttorju,

507
00:24:05,710 --> 00:24:07,520
għalhekk se tlesti dan għalik.

508
00:24:07,520 --> 00:24:08,610
Issa nista 'jidħol.

509
00:24:08,610 --> 00:24:10,110
>> I wkoll tagħmel dan recursively.

510
00:24:10,110 --> 00:24:11,205
Foo hekk mkdir.

511
00:24:11,205 --> 00:24:12,480

512
00:24:12,480 --> 00:24:13,300
Ejja jmorru fil foo.

513
00:24:13,300 --> 00:24:14,830
bar mkdir.

514
00:24:14,830 --> 00:24:17,345
Allura jmorru lura lejn id-dar tiegħi
direttorju, I jista 'jara downloads.

515
00:24:17,345 --> 00:24:19,040

516
00:24:19,040 --> 00:24:21,860
Issa laqtu tab darb'oħra,
awtomatikament ser jimlew foo.

517
00:24:21,860 --> 00:24:22,880
Hu l-uniku direttorju.

518
00:24:22,880 --> 00:24:25,340
Laqtu tab darb'oħra, awtomatikament
ser timla bar.

519
00:24:25,340 --> 00:24:26,798
Hekk issa jien fil (~ Downloads / foo / bar).

520
00:24:26,798 --> 00:24:27,310

521
00:24:27,310 --> 00:24:31,692
>> Allura dan tlestija tab,
kulmeta I ltqajna biex ħinijiet tal-uffiċċju,

522
00:24:31,692 --> 00:24:33,400
u jien wieqfa fuq
ispalla ta 'xi ħadd,

523
00:24:33,400 --> 00:24:40,470
u dawn qed tmur rm
D--O W-N-L-O-A-D-S, jien jmutu.

524
00:24:40,470 --> 00:24:41,990
Tab Just, tab, tab, tab.

525
00:24:41,990 --> 00:24:44,550

526
00:24:44,550 --> 00:24:45,630
Allura definittivament użati tab.

527
00:24:45,630 --> 00:24:47,890

528
00:24:47,890 --> 00:24:49,840
U l-istess up u
isfel, ħafna nies

529
00:24:49,840 --> 00:24:51,930
biss li ġara li
qatt ma hit up u 'l isfel.

530
00:24:51,930 --> 00:24:54,870
Hija ser jgħaddu mill-preċedenti
kmandi, hekk jekk inti biss dam xi ħaġa,

531
00:24:54,870 --> 00:24:58,300
u inti tixtieq li run mill-ġdid,
biss istiva up till ikollok lilha.

532
00:24:58,300 --> 00:24:59,870

533
00:24:59,870 --> 00:25:00,370
OK.

534
00:25:00,370 --> 00:25:01,460

535
00:25:01,460 --> 00:25:03,585
>> Hekk malajr, xi affarijiet oħra.

536
00:25:03,585 --> 00:25:04,800

537
00:25:04,800 --> 00:25:05,930
Ejja ħa mmorru lura fis temperatura.

538
00:25:05,930 --> 00:25:06,976

539
00:25:06,976 --> 00:25:08,125
Ejja joħolqu xi fajls.

540
00:25:08,125 --> 00:25:10,480

541
00:25:10,480 --> 00:25:15,215
Allura fil hawn, jien biss
ser lista xi kliem.

542
00:25:15,215 --> 00:25:18,460

543
00:25:18,460 --> 00:25:21,035
kelb, qattus, meow.

544
00:25:21,035 --> 00:25:23,940

545
00:25:23,940 --> 00:25:26,040
Ejja nagħmlu kelb, ħut.

546
00:25:26,040 --> 00:25:27,500

547
00:25:27,500 --> 00:25:32,320
Allura issa rep hija ħafna
kmandi utli li inti

548
00:25:32,320 --> 00:25:37,820
jużaw biex ifittxu matul
fajls għal test partikolari,

549
00:25:37,820 --> 00:25:40,910
u teknikament inti tista 'tagħmel verament
espressjonijiet kumplessi għall li jaqblu.

550
00:25:40,910 --> 00:25:44,830
>> Allura hawn, jekk I grep, u liema
do I trid tfittex għall?

551
00:25:44,830 --> 00:25:49,130
Ejja ngħidu jien tiftix għall-qtates, u
I trid tfittex kollha ta 'dawn il-fajls.

552
00:25:49,130 --> 00:25:50,650
Allura kif nista 'nagħmlu kollha ta' dawn il-fajls?

553
00:25:50,650 --> 00:25:51,900
Star.

554
00:25:51,900 --> 00:25:54,939
Allura f'fajl wieħed, għandi qattus.

555
00:25:54,939 --> 00:25:56,980
I probabbilment jista 'jkollhom
sejħitilha xi ħaġa aħjar,

556
00:25:56,980 --> 00:25:59,063
minħabba li qisu
linja numri jew xi ħaġa.

557
00:25:59,063 --> 00:26:01,590
Iżda f'fajl wieħed I jkollhom linja mal-qattus.

558
00:26:01,590 --> 00:26:04,160
Fil-fajl tnejn għandi linja mal-qattus.

559
00:26:04,160 --> 00:26:07,280
Allura issa I tista 'tfittex ġewwa fajl wieħed u
tara oh yeah, dan il-fajl ma jkollhom qattus.

560
00:26:07,280 --> 00:26:10,210
Avviż fajl tlieta ma qablitx
għaliex qattus ma jkunx hemm.

561
00:26:10,210 --> 00:26:13,882
I jistgħu grep għall meow.

562
00:26:13,882 --> 00:26:14,840
Biss fajl tnejn għandha meow.

563
00:26:14,840 --> 00:26:16,120

564
00:26:16,120 --> 00:26:20,640
>> Allura dan inti tista 'tgħaqqad,
għal darb'oħra, bl -R, li

565
00:26:20,640 --> 00:26:23,580
kif għidt qabel
spiss ifisser rikursivi.

566
00:26:23,580 --> 00:26:29,800
U hekk I tista 'toħroġ hawn, grep -R
għal kwalunkwe eżempju of-- ejja jeditjaw

567
00:26:29,800 --> 00:26:32,010
dan wieħed biss li tarmi qattus fil hemmhekk.

568
00:26:32,010 --> 00:26:38,800
Allura grep -R għal kwalunkwe każ ta '
qattus matul dan id-direttorju.

569
00:26:38,800 --> 00:26:41,600
U se recursively
tfittxija xi subdirectories.

570
00:26:41,600 --> 00:26:43,940
Allura fil baz, hemm qattus.

571
00:26:43,940 --> 00:26:45,570
Fil temperatura / 2, hemm qattus.

572
00:26:45,570 --> 00:26:47,960
U fil temperatura / 1 hemm qattus.

573
00:26:47,960 --> 00:26:50,045
Allura dak tiftix fi ħdan fajls.

574
00:26:50,045 --> 00:26:51,250

575
00:26:51,250 --> 00:26:55,090
>> Issa inti tista 'wkoll tuża ssib.

576
00:26:55,090 --> 00:26:59,640
U għalhekk jsibu hi speċifikament dwar
tfittex għall-fajls ma 'isem mogħti.

577
00:26:59,640 --> 00:27:02,490
Mela ejja jagħmlu ftit aktar.

578
00:27:02,490 --> 00:27:03,660
Ejja jmorru fil downloads.

579
00:27:03,660 --> 00:27:04,680

580
00:27:04,680 --> 00:27:05,380
Touch dog1.

581
00:27:05,380 --> 00:27:06,840

582
00:27:06,840 --> 00:27:07,770
Touch KAT2.

583
00:27:07,770 --> 00:27:09,290

584
00:27:09,290 --> 00:27:10,760
Touch cat_dog.

585
00:27:10,760 --> 00:27:14,550

586
00:27:14,550 --> 00:27:15,975
Touch catcat.

587
00:27:15,975 --> 00:27:18,270

588
00:27:18,270 --> 00:27:23,810
>> So I jridu jsibu kollha
fajls bl kelb fl-isem.

589
00:27:23,810 --> 00:27:28,060
Allura ssib, u għall-itwal
darba I qatt mfakkar

590
00:27:28,060 --> 00:27:33,760
kif issib maħduma, sal I finalment
aqra xi ħaġa li għamilha tant ċara.

591
00:27:33,760 --> 00:27:35,784
Allura ssib, awtomatikament rikursivi.

592
00:27:35,784 --> 00:27:36,950
Inti ma għandekx bżonn li jgħaddu minn -R.

593
00:27:36,950 --> 00:27:38,090

594
00:27:38,090 --> 00:27:39,110
Allura ssib dot.

595
00:27:39,110 --> 00:27:40,750
Aħna ma tkellmu dwar dot s'issa.

596
00:27:40,750 --> 00:27:44,800
Billi dot dot dejjem
ifisser wieħed direttorju up.

597
00:27:44,800 --> 00:27:46,960
Dot dejjem tfisser il-direttorju kurrenti.

598
00:27:46,960 --> 00:27:51,390
So I jistgħu rm dot -R fil-
istess mod I jistgħu rm -rf *.

599
00:27:51,390 --> 00:27:53,140
Fl-aħħarnett huma
twettaq l-istess ħaġa.

600
00:27:53,140 --> 00:27:56,040
rm -rf dot se tneħħi
l-direttorju kurrenti kollu.

601
00:27:56,040 --> 00:27:57,440

602
00:27:57,440 --> 00:27:59,680
>> OK, li jien ma trid tagħmel hemmhekk.

603
00:27:59,680 --> 00:28:01,490

604
00:28:01,490 --> 00:28:04,320
Imma ssib dot.

605
00:28:04,320 --> 00:28:07,920
Allura recursively tfittxija l-kurrent
direttorju, u issa kollox

606
00:28:07,920 --> 00:28:14,125
wara dan huma mazz ta 'bnadar li inti
jużaw biex jeskludu l-affarijiet mill-ritorn.

607
00:28:14,125 --> 00:28:17,250
Allura ssib dot prospetti dak kollu li
jistgħu jsibu mill-direttorju kurrenti.

608
00:28:17,250 --> 00:28:19,700
Dawk huma l-fajls
recursively tiftix.

609
00:28:19,700 --> 00:28:21,250
Ser naraw xi wħud minn dawk fit-tieni.

610
00:28:21,250 --> 00:28:23,150

611
00:28:23,150 --> 00:28:27,140
>> Iżda fil-każ li int mintix kif I do
li, hekk Kmand K, għall-inqas

612
00:28:27,140 --> 00:28:29,660
fl terminal tiegħi fil-Mac ikklerja dan.

613
00:28:29,660 --> 00:28:34,660
Kontroll L ġeneralment ikun ikklerja
għal kwalunkwe tip ta 'terminal.

614
00:28:34,660 --> 00:28:36,480
Inti tista 'wkoll tip ċara.

615
00:28:36,480 --> 00:28:38,410
U jekk inti qatt tikseb
fi scenario-- stramb

616
00:28:38,410 --> 00:28:42,790
huwa ġara lili koppja time--
fejn il-kuluri ta 'jippronunzjaha tiegħek

617
00:28:42,790 --> 00:28:46,590
huma kollha messed up, jew inti
mhumiex kapaċi li tara xejn

618
00:28:46,590 --> 00:28:51,232
qed ttajpjati meta int ittajpjar, għaliex
kultant bħal kulur fl-isfond huwa stabbilit

619
00:28:51,232 --> 00:28:53,940
l-istess bħall-kulur miksub
u issa inti ma tistax tara l-fonts.

620
00:28:53,940 --> 00:28:55,110

621
00:28:55,110 --> 00:28:59,830
Reset hija xi ħaġa li biss jreġġa
inti l-isfond iswed default,

622
00:28:59,830 --> 00:29:01,840
quddiem abjad, jew kwalunkwe
inti stabbiliti biex.

623
00:29:01,840 --> 00:29:03,390

624
00:29:03,390 --> 00:29:04,790
>> Allura fejn kienu we?

625
00:29:04,790 --> 00:29:05,930
Sib dot.

626
00:29:05,930 --> 00:29:09,360
Allura issa kollox passat dan
punt tirrestrinġi r-riżultati

627
00:29:09,360 --> 00:29:11,450
għal xi ħaġa li taqbel
il-mudell mogħti.

628
00:29:11,450 --> 00:29:16,110
So here I trid tfittex
kollox ma 'l-qattus isem.

629
00:29:16,110 --> 00:29:17,300
I ltqajna xejn.

630
00:29:17,300 --> 00:29:18,390
Għaliex huwa li l-każ?

631
00:29:18,390 --> 00:29:21,230
Well, jien biss tiftix għal
xi ħaġa ma eżattament l-qattus isem.

632
00:29:21,230 --> 00:29:25,150
Jekk I trid tfittex xi ħaġa
li għandha xi mudell, u cat--

633
00:29:25,150 --> 00:29:28,890
il-kwotazzjonijiet teknikament mhumiex meħtieġa,
imma jien jitfg lilhom fil hemmhekk.

634
00:29:28,890 --> 00:29:32,720
Allura issa isib catcat għaliex
dak l-unika ħaġa li

635
00:29:32,720 --> 00:29:36,040
għandha xi arbitrarja
mudell segwit minn qattus.

636
00:29:36,040 --> 00:29:41,950
I tista 'tpoġġi qtates *, u issa
isibu catcat, cat_dog, KAT2,

637
00:29:41,950 --> 00:29:45,245
għaliex dawk huma affarijiet kollha ma 'qattus
fil-bidu segwit minn xejn.

638
00:29:45,245 --> 00:29:46,120
Tista 'tikkombina dan.

639
00:29:46,120 --> 00:29:50,480
Jekk inti tixtieq li tfittex għall-fajls kollha Ċ
li għandek, inti tista 'tagħmel * .c.

640
00:29:50,480 --> 00:29:51,960
Aħna blah.c hawn.

641
00:29:51,960 --> 00:29:53,000

642
00:29:53,000 --> 00:29:55,020
Allura dak xogħlijiet ssib.

643
00:29:55,020 --> 00:29:55,770
Tista 'tfittex.

644
00:29:55,770 --> 00:29:58,270
Hija għandha mazz sħiħ ta 'bnadar
għal aktar restrizzjonijiet.

645
00:29:58,270 --> 00:30:00,960
U wieħed fuqhom, ejja ngħidu -d.

646
00:30:00,960 --> 00:30:02,110

647
00:30:02,110 --> 00:30:04,435
Hekk deprecated.

648
00:30:04,435 --> 00:30:05,425

649
00:30:05,425 --> 00:30:06,550
Oh, li mhux dak li nixtieq.

650
00:30:06,550 --> 00:30:07,730
Mhux -D.

651
00:30:07,730 --> 00:30:08,860
Tip d.

652
00:30:08,860 --> 00:30:13,820
Allura ssib dot - tip d.

653
00:30:13,820 --> 00:30:17,760
Allura dak li biss ma huwa jien tiftix
għall-fajls kollha fil-direttorju kurrenti

654
00:30:17,760 --> 00:30:21,680
ma a-- d stands għall
tip direttorju directory--.

655
00:30:21,680 --> 00:30:24,430
Dan prospetti kollha direttorji
fid-direttorju kurrenti.

656
00:30:24,430 --> 00:30:27,670
U t-tip F hija kollha regolari
fajls, direttorji kollha mhux.

657
00:30:27,670 --> 00:30:29,809
Allura dak biss
Eżempju ta 'modi oħra li inti

658
00:30:29,809 --> 00:30:32,350
jistgħu jillimitaw l-oħra search
minn sempliċiment l-isem tal-fajl.

659
00:30:32,350 --> 00:30:34,126

660
00:30:34,126 --> 00:30:35,570
>> Huwa kien 30 minuta.

661
00:30:35,570 --> 00:30:36,848
Għadu għaddej.

662
00:30:36,848 --> 00:30:38,132
>> ALLISON: I ser riħ permezz.

663
00:30:38,132 --> 00:30:39,670
Hija ser tkun multa.

664
00:30:39,670 --> 00:30:41,460
>> ROB Bowden: Allura xi affarijiet oħra.

665
00:30:41,460 --> 00:30:45,700
Issa bang, marka exclamation.

666
00:30:45,700 --> 00:30:50,530
Allura li ġeneralment means--
ukoll, ejja ara eżempju.

667
00:30:50,530 --> 00:30:52,230
Allura! F, x'inhu li se jagħmlu?

668
00:30:52,230 --> 00:30:53,520

669
00:30:53,520 --> 00:30:57,810
Ukoll jidher li jkollhom
ripetut isibu dot -Tip f.

670
00:30:57,810 --> 00:30:59,240
What about! G?

671
00:30:59,240 --> 00:31:00,760
Li ftit grep qattus -R *.

672
00:31:00,760 --> 00:31:02,010

673
00:31:02,010 --> 00:31:05,720
Allura bang tista 'tuża biex jirrepeti
kmand reċentement jsir.

674
00:31:05,720 --> 00:31:13,280
Mela jekk jien tip! Gre, li għaddej biex terġa 'run
l-kmandi li beda mal-gre aktar

675
00:31:13,280 --> 00:31:14,060
reċentement.

676
00:31:14,060 --> 00:31:17,090
>> U tista 'tara dawn kollha
jikkmanda bi storja.

677
00:31:17,090 --> 00:31:17,880
Hekk l-istorja.

678
00:31:17,880 --> 00:31:19,630
Dawn huma kollha l-
kmandi Stajt run illum.

679
00:31:19,630 --> 00:31:21,089

680
00:31:21,089 --> 00:31:23,130
U tajjeb, mhuwiex litteralment
ristretta għall llum,

681
00:31:23,130 --> 00:31:25,180
imma stajt biss użat dan
appliance bħala ta 'llum.

682
00:31:25,180 --> 00:31:28,730
Huwa intier tiegħek ta 'l-
istorja ta 'qoxra bash tiegħek,

683
00:31:28,730 --> 00:31:30,433
ħlief qatgħat off f'xi punt.

684
00:31:30,433 --> 00:31:33,474
UDJENZA: X'jiġri jekk inti tagħmel
istorja [inaudible] kmand u żball

685
00:31:33,474 --> 00:31:35,430
fir-riżultat xorta se print the--

686
00:31:35,430 --> 00:31:44,110
>> ROB Bowden: Yeah, jekk ikun hemm
żball f'waħda minn dawn commands--

687
00:31:44,110 --> 00:31:48,090
hekk ejja ngħidu, li hija
kmand żball ma sabet.

688
00:31:48,090 --> 00:31:49,312

689
00:31:49,312 --> 00:31:50,520
Għadha tidher fl-istorja.

690
00:31:50,520 --> 00:31:52,620

691
00:31:52,620 --> 00:31:53,170
Kull dritt.

692
00:31:53,170 --> 00:31:54,750

693
00:31:54,750 --> 00:31:56,040
Mistoqsijiet oħra fuq xejn?

694
00:31:56,040 --> 00:31:58,760

695
00:31:58,760 --> 00:32:00,300
Allura dak bang.

696
00:32:00,300 --> 00:32:04,230
>> Issa, kmand verament utli, il-bniedem.

697
00:32:04,230 --> 00:32:07,750
Allura li jagħtik l-
manwal għall kmand partikolari.

698
00:32:07,750 --> 00:32:11,640
Mela ejja ngħidu ls bniedem, hekk
dan qed juri me ls.

699
00:32:11,640 --> 00:32:13,400
Dan jelenka l-kontenuti tad-direttorju.

700
00:32:13,400 --> 00:32:17,150
U dan huwa fejn nara li hemm
huma dawn il-bnadar varji li jeżistu.

701
00:32:17,150 --> 00:32:21,340
Allura naraw li Ls-l teżisti
jekk konna biex taqra dan. Ls-l

702
00:32:21,340 --> 00:32:26,150
tagħti me din il-lista sħiħa tal-
direttorju bl li tippossjedi l-fajl,

703
00:32:26,150 --> 00:32:29,750
id-daqs tal-fajl, il-
l-timestamp modifikata.

704
00:32:29,750 --> 00:32:31,130

705
00:32:31,130 --> 00:32:34,980
Allura ls -a ieħor huwa wieħed li inti tista '
attwalment jużaw kemmxejn spiss.

706
00:32:34,980 --> 00:32:38,130
-AL huwa flag-aktar komuni tiegħi dan ls-passat.

707
00:32:38,130 --> 00:32:42,520
>> Allura -a, avviż hemm ħafna
fajls aktar milli sempliċiment ls.

708
00:32:42,520 --> 00:32:44,170
ls -a.

709
00:32:44,170 --> 00:32:46,170
X'hemm komuni ma dawn il-fajls kollha?

710
00:32:46,170 --> 00:32:47,790
Huma jibdew bit-tikka.

711
00:32:47,790 --> 00:32:54,710
Allura dan huwa konvenzjoni fl-Linux li
fajls li jibdew bit-tikka huma moħbija.

712
00:32:54,710 --> 00:32:58,330
Allura dan ifisser biss li
meta aħna biss ls dritta,

713
00:32:58,330 --> 00:33:04,170
jew aħna qed tiftix dan id-direttorju jużaw
l-ekwivalenti finder, jew il-Windows

714
00:33:04,170 --> 00:33:07,250
Explorer ekwivalenti, li aħna
ma tridx tara dawn il-fajls dot.

715
00:33:07,250 --> 00:33:09,680
Huma biss jniġġsu l-ħsieb ta 'affarijiet.

716
00:33:09,680 --> 00:33:11,790
Għalhekk huma moħbija
sakemm inti speċifikament

717
00:33:11,790 --> 00:33:14,250
jitlob minnhom ma 'xi ħaġa bħal -a.

718
00:33:14,250 --> 00:33:18,920
So I tista cd fis .local, u nara
li dan huwa fih innifsu direttorju ma

719
00:33:18,920 --> 00:33:22,220
direttorju maqsuma, u
applikazzjonijiet, u blah blah blah.

720
00:33:22,220 --> 00:33:24,520
Allura dot, fajls dawn qed biss moħbija.

721
00:33:24,520 --> 00:33:26,250

722
00:33:26,250 --> 00:33:29,355
>> OK, dawk importanti hekk oħra.

723
00:33:29,355 --> 00:33:30,490

724
00:33:30,490 --> 00:33:32,000
I jkollhom koppja I tista 'skip.

725
00:33:32,000 --> 00:33:38,160
Ejja talk malajr biss reali dwar
l-affarijiet fajl direzzjoni mill-ġdid.

726
00:33:38,160 --> 00:33:43,020
Hekk hemm sensiela kumpless kollu
'affarijiet li tista' tagħmel ma 'dawn,

727
00:33:43,020 --> 00:33:47,204
iżda biss biex tara minnhom, ejja ngħidu, eku.

728
00:33:47,204 --> 00:33:47,870
Ieħor kmand.

729
00:33:47,870 --> 00:33:48,920
Kmand verament dumb.

730
00:33:48,920 --> 00:33:50,710
Kull ma huwa print dak I għid li.

731
00:33:50,710 --> 00:33:52,070
Hekk eku bonjour.

732
00:33:52,070 --> 00:33:53,850
Hija biss mtenni bonjour lill-iskrin.

733
00:33:53,850 --> 00:33:55,170

734
00:33:55,170 --> 00:33:56,390
Hello dinja.

735
00:33:56,390 --> 00:33:57,890
Bonjour eki dinja.

736
00:33:57,890 --> 00:34:02,650
>> Allura kmand wieħed jew waħda
simbolu li bash jifhem

737
00:34:02,650 --> 00:34:07,620
dan huwa akbar minn simbolu, u
li huwa l-output li simbolu fajl.

738
00:34:07,620 --> 00:34:10,940
Mela jekk jien output dan
foo, hemm issa fajl

739
00:34:10,940 --> 00:34:15,100
imsejħa foo, ġewwa ta '
li huwa Hello dinja.

740
00:34:15,100 --> 00:34:18,489
Allura avviż li meta I eku
bonjour pajp dinja fis foo,

741
00:34:18,489 --> 00:34:19,980
hija ma eku bonjour dinja.

742
00:34:19,980 --> 00:34:22,630
Minflok daħlet fis-fajl foo.

743
00:34:22,630 --> 00:34:25,340
U l-iggwidar ieħor biss
tarmi fi inti, qattus.

744
00:34:25,340 --> 00:34:29,191
C'est mod faċli li biss kompletament
lista tal-kontenut tal-fajl

745
00:34:29,191 --> 00:34:31,440
I hekk li ma jkollhomx biex tiftaħ
editur test biex tarah.

746
00:34:31,440 --> 00:34:34,159
Għalhekk l-kontenut tal-
fajl foo huma bonjour dinja.

747
00:34:34,159 --> 00:34:38,460
U I tista blah.c qattus,
il-kontenut ma dan.

748
00:34:38,460 --> 00:34:42,123
>> Għal darb'oħra, dawn huma jikkmanda li, ma jagħmlux dan
jistennew ikollok lilhom kollha memorizzati.

749
00:34:42,123 --> 00:34:43,860
L-idea hija li inti stajt tidher minnhom.

750
00:34:43,860 --> 00:34:45,735
Forsi inti qed jaħdmu fuq
xi ħaġa, u int

751
00:34:45,735 --> 00:34:47,230
bħal jien morda ta 'ftuħ dan il-fajl.

752
00:34:47,230 --> 00:34:50,120
Nixtieq I jistgħu biss ħarsa
fil-kontenut reali malajr.

753
00:34:50,120 --> 00:34:52,320
Inti tista 'tagħmel dan, allura
inħarsu lura u jgħidu oh I

754
00:34:52,320 --> 00:34:55,250
ftakar xi ħaġa bħal
li teżisti, u huwa qattus.

755
00:34:55,250 --> 00:35:00,630
>> Allura li se fajl.

756
00:35:00,630 --> 00:35:06,639
Issa ma jkunx hemm verament xi tajba
Eżempju tal-qari minn fajl s'issa.

757
00:35:06,639 --> 00:35:08,930
X'hemm xi ħaġa li jieħu
xi ħaġa minn standard fil-?

758
00:35:08,930 --> 00:35:10,010

759
00:35:10,010 --> 00:35:11,544
Kwalunkwe kmand sempliċi Linux?

760
00:35:11,544 --> 00:35:13,480

761
00:35:13,480 --> 00:35:16,970
Meta nikbru għaliha, fi ftit
ġimgħat kollha l piece-- sew,

762
00:35:16,970 --> 00:35:20,470
din il-ġimgħa għandek biċċa fejn inti
tibda tieħu input mill-utent.

763
00:35:20,470 --> 00:35:23,696
U hekk normalment inti tip
li input fuq il-keyboard.

764
00:35:23,696 --> 00:35:25,570
Minflok ta 'tajping li
input fil-keyboard,

765
00:35:25,570 --> 00:35:30,950
inti tista 'minflok pajp minn fajl
hekk li meta inti tagħmel Mario, ./mario,

766
00:35:30,950 --> 00:35:35,200
pajp minn kwalunkwe fajl mogħti, u
li għaddej biex imexxu l-programm mario.

767
00:35:35,200 --> 00:35:37,300
Ma jistennew input fuq
il-keyboard, minflok huwa

768
00:35:37,300 --> 00:35:39,650
biss jmorru biex taqra l-
linji mill-fajl foo.

769
00:35:39,650 --> 00:35:45,230
>> Allura akbar minn foo tqiegħdu fis
il-fajl foo, u inqas minn foo

770
00:35:45,230 --> 00:35:50,170
jieħu Jittieħed mill-fajl foo u
użi li bħala input għal dan il-programm.

771
00:35:50,170 --> 00:35:51,520

772
00:35:51,520 --> 00:36:00,630
U biss biex tara dan, nistgħu wkoll eku
foo baz bar, u mbagħad minflok waħda

773
00:36:00,630 --> 00:36:03,850
akbar minn, ejja do tnejn fis foo.

774
00:36:03,850 --> 00:36:05,610
Dak li ma tagħmel?

775
00:36:05,610 --> 00:36:07,180
Hija biss tannetti mal-fajl.

776
00:36:07,180 --> 00:36:15,360
Allura minflok avviż jekk I do eku blah fis
foo u mbagħad qattus foo, huwa biss blah.

777
00:36:15,360 --> 00:36:18,285
Allura meta inti output għall-fajl, huwa
kompletament overwrites-fajl.

778
00:36:18,285 --> 00:36:19,330

779
00:36:19,330 --> 00:36:22,740
Jekk inti biss tixtieq li tehmeż,
double [? grader. ?]

780
00:36:22,740 --> 00:36:24,080
>> U l-aħħar huwa pajp.

781
00:36:24,080 --> 00:36:29,590
Pajp Gets ħafna aktar ikkumplikat, fejn
dan jieħu l-output ta 'kmand wieħed

782
00:36:29,590 --> 00:36:32,320
u għalf hija fil-kmand li jmiss.

783
00:36:32,320 --> 00:36:36,140
Allura xi ħaġa komuni, l-istorja.

784
00:36:36,140 --> 00:36:37,920
Allura, ugh, I ma jridux li tħares lejn dan.

785
00:36:37,920 --> 00:36:40,680

786
00:36:40,680 --> 00:36:44,485
Urini l-ordnijiet kollha fl-istorja tiegħi
fejn I grep-ed għal xi ħaġa.

787
00:36:44,485 --> 00:36:45,360
Le, li konfuża.

788
00:36:45,360 --> 00:36:50,360
Urini l-ordnijiet kollha fejn nsib.

789
00:36:50,360 --> 00:36:52,360
All issib jikkmanda I qatt dam.

790
00:36:52,360 --> 00:36:55,050
>> Hekk l-istorja.

791
00:36:55,050 --> 00:36:59,017
Issa outputs istorja għall-
iskrin din il-lista ta 'kmandi,

792
00:36:59,017 --> 00:37:00,850
imma jien ma jridux
output lill-iskrin.

793
00:37:00,850 --> 00:37:03,445
Minflok jien ser pajp fis grep.

794
00:37:03,445 --> 00:37:04,790

795
00:37:04,790 --> 00:37:07,830
Mela ejja grep għall-każijiet kollha ta 'ssib.

796
00:37:07,830 --> 00:37:09,550

797
00:37:09,550 --> 00:37:17,000
Allura issa minflok ta 'teħid grep
l-input, minflok of--

798
00:37:17,000 --> 00:37:24,360
grep huwa kapaċi li jimmaniġġjaw kif input-- aħna qed
użu grep kemmxejn differenti hawn.

799
00:37:24,360 --> 00:37:29,550
Allura minflok ta 'tajping-lista ta'
affarijiet aħna riedu tfittxija għal

800
00:37:29,550 --> 00:37:31,070
u qal grep qed tieħu bħala input.

801
00:37:31,070 --> 00:37:34,810
Mela jekk jien biss grep jsibu, hija
tistenna għalija li affarijiet tip.

802
00:37:34,810 --> 00:37:37,661
Allura qattus bonjour ssib.

803
00:37:37,661 --> 00:37:38,160
Hello.

804
00:37:38,160 --> 00:37:40,430

805
00:37:40,430 --> 00:37:40,930
Ssib.

806
00:37:40,930 --> 00:37:43,670
Avviż kull darba I tip isibu
jirrikonoxxi li I ittajpjat isibu.

807
00:37:43,670 --> 00:37:44,880

808
00:37:44,880 --> 00:37:49,540
Allura minflok dan, se
fajls tat-tiftix għall ssib.

809
00:37:49,540 --> 00:37:53,930
>> Allura l-istorja issa se
output lista ta 'l-ordnijiet kollha.

810
00:37:53,930 --> 00:37:55,200

811
00:37:55,200 --> 00:37:58,100
Aħna qed tqegħid li output,
u aħna qed tredda li grep,

812
00:37:58,100 --> 00:38:00,180
u għalhekk huwa tobżoq out
każijiet kollha ta 'ssib.

813
00:38:00,180 --> 00:38:02,170

814
00:38:02,170 --> 00:38:05,570
Ir-raġuni I qal li d jkun konfuża
hija jekk I-- huwa għadu konfuża.

815
00:38:05,570 --> 00:38:07,030
Jekk I grep għall grep.

816
00:38:07,030 --> 00:38:08,755

817
00:38:08,755 --> 00:38:11,130
Avviż huwa pjuttost ħafna dejjem
li turi l-kmand I biss

818
00:38:11,130 --> 00:38:15,280
dam minħabba dak il-kmand
nnifisha għandha grep ġewwa ta 'dan.

819
00:38:15,280 --> 00:38:16,580

820
00:38:16,580 --> 00:38:20,674
>> OK, sabiex kwalunkwe mistoqsijiet dwar xi ħaġa?

821
00:38:20,674 --> 00:38:22,340
U jien ser jittrasferixxi dan matul f'dan il-punt.

822
00:38:22,340 --> 00:38:24,690
Nisperaw li dan huwa sabiħ
ħarsa ġenerali ta 'l-ordnijiet kollha

823
00:38:24,690 --> 00:38:30,100
li inti m'għandekx bżonn li jkollhom
memorizzati, iżda dawn tpatti

824
00:38:30,100 --> 00:38:32,950
solidu 95% ta 'dak I
jagħmlu fil-linja tal-kmand.

825
00:38:32,950 --> 00:38:34,310

826
00:38:34,310 --> 00:38:39,140
Wkoll iżomm f'moħħu li l-linja tal-kmand
innifsu, bash hija lingwa ta 'programmar,

827
00:38:39,140 --> 00:38:43,070
u hekk meta ikollok jistabbilixxi lilu, inti
tista 'tixtieq li tagħmel affarijiet verament kumplessi.

828
00:38:43,070 --> 00:38:47,522
U għalhekk għandha affarijiet simili
loops, u IfS, u dawk kollha

829
00:38:47,522 --> 00:38:50,230
li int ser jidraw
mal-lingwi ta 'programmar tiegħek.

830
00:38:50,230 --> 00:38:53,660
Iżda li hija lil hinn mill-
ambitu ta 'din it-taqsima.

831
00:38:53,660 --> 00:38:55,520

832
00:38:55,520 --> 00:38:56,985
OK, sabiex l-ebda mistoqsijiet?

833
00:38:56,985 --> 00:38:57,940

834
00:38:57,940 --> 00:38:58,523
ALLISON: Xejn?

835
00:38:58,523 --> 00:38:59,450
GABRIEL: Huma inti tmur to--

836
00:38:59,450 --> 00:39:01,158
ALLISON: I tista 'tagħmel dan
fuq mini jekk inti tixtieq.

837
00:39:01,158 --> 00:39:02,626
Nistgħu naraw x'jiġri.

838
00:39:02,626 --> 00:39:03,750
ROB Bowden: Off għall Allison.

839
00:39:03,750 --> 00:39:05,090
ALLISON: Woo.

840
00:39:05,090 --> 00:39:07,504
Int att iebsa biex isegwu, Rob.

841
00:39:07,504 --> 00:39:08,920
Tridu lili biex jaqilbu miegħek?

842
00:39:08,920 --> 00:39:10,246
Jew inti ltqajna, OK.

843
00:39:10,246 --> 00:39:13,590

844
00:39:13,590 --> 00:39:16,990
Jien ser jippruvaw u mhux
pjuttost tkun kif twal hemm.

845
00:39:16,990 --> 00:39:20,619

846
00:39:20,619 --> 00:39:22,660
Ejja naraw jekk dan se
taħdem il-mod I tixtieq li.

847
00:39:22,660 --> 00:39:26,170

848
00:39:26,170 --> 00:39:26,670
Forsi?

849
00:39:26,670 --> 00:39:27,760

850
00:39:27,760 --> 00:39:28,296
Haha!

851
00:39:28,296 --> 00:39:28,796
Iva.

852
00:39:28,796 --> 00:39:30,460

853
00:39:30,460 --> 00:39:34,066
>> Hekk jien biss se jmorru malajr ħafna
permezz varjabbli, loops, conditionals,

854
00:39:34,066 --> 00:39:35,440
u ftit fuq il-kompilatur.

855
00:39:35,440 --> 00:39:38,570
Jekk għandek xi mistoqsijiet fil-
kwalunkwe ħin, jekk jogħġbok stop me.

856
00:39:38,570 --> 00:39:42,750
Dawn guys se ifakkru lili li jirrepetu
mistoqsija tiegħek fil-każ ninsa,

857
00:39:42,750 --> 00:39:44,210
iżda m'għandhiex tkun wisq bad.

858
00:39:44,210 --> 00:39:45,850
>> Allura varjabbli, yeah.

859
00:39:45,850 --> 00:39:48,060
Għandna l-ebda wieħed mill tiegħek
Biċċiet scratch hawn.

860
00:39:48,060 --> 00:39:50,440
Jien ċert ħafna minnkom, jekk
kellek xi tip ta 'logħba

861
00:39:50,440 --> 00:39:53,810
li inti maħluqa bl Scratch, kellek
li jżommu rekord ta 'xi ħaġa bħal punteġġ,

862
00:39:53,810 --> 00:39:55,870
jew il-ħin, jew xi ħaġa bħal dik.

863
00:39:55,870 --> 00:39:58,080
Sabiex dawk oranġjo jgħajjat
biċċiet li naraw hemm

864
00:39:58,080 --> 00:40:02,630
huma biss il-forma Scratch ta
varjabbli, u int se definittivament

865
00:40:02,630 --> 00:40:04,640
tkun qed tuża varjabbli
matul programmi tiegħek.

866
00:40:04,640 --> 00:40:07,350
Jekk int ma, jien ma verament
żgur dak li qed isir.

867
00:40:07,350 --> 00:40:09,000

868
00:40:09,000 --> 00:40:12,215
>> Iżda xorta waħda, ħaġa big,
tiddefinixxi varjabbli.

869
00:40:12,215 --> 00:40:13,630

870
00:40:13,630 --> 00:40:16,970
Bil C kull varjabbli għandha
li jkollhom tip dikjarat,

871
00:40:16,970 --> 00:40:22,090
so I taw inti ħafna
wieħed ġenerali fil-quċċata.

872
00:40:22,090 --> 00:40:24,045
Allura inti ser ikollok tiegħek
tip u mbagħad ikun x'ikun

873
00:40:24,045 --> 00:40:25,420
inti tiddeċiedi li sejħa varjabbli tiegħek.

874
00:40:25,420 --> 00:40:27,500

875
00:40:27,500 --> 00:40:29,680
Allura f'dan il-każ, it-tip
fil-lista varjabbli tiegħek.

876
00:40:29,680 --> 00:40:31,400
>> Għandna tliet eżempji.

877
00:40:31,400 --> 00:40:34,439
Char ta 'xi grad,
ta 'A, li huwa dak li

878
00:40:34,439 --> 00:40:36,230
Jien ċert li inti kollha jridu
biex tikseb f'din il-klassi.

879
00:40:36,230 --> 00:40:37,380

880
00:40:37,380 --> 00:40:40,670
Inti tista 'tiddefinixxi multipli
varjabbli fuq linja waħda

881
00:40:40,670 --> 00:40:43,880
sakemm dawn qed kollha l-istess tip,
li hija t-tieni eżempju tagħna hemmhekk

882
00:40:43,880 --> 00:40:46,409
fejn inti għandek tliet
varjabbli, x, y, uz.

883
00:40:46,409 --> 00:40:47,200
Huma qed sufruni kollha.

884
00:40:47,200 --> 00:40:49,160

885
00:40:49,160 --> 00:40:53,250
U allura inti tista 'wkoll, f'dan l-aħħar
eżempju bi skor int u n-numru

886
00:40:53,250 --> 00:40:56,510
ta 'timijiet, inti tista
initialize lilhom id-dritt hemmhekk.

887
00:40:56,510 --> 00:41:01,270
>> Hekk fl-eżempju tan-nofs fejn aħna
biss għandhom float ta x, y, uz,

888
00:41:01,270 --> 00:41:02,730
dawk mhumiex initialized s'issa.

889
00:41:02,730 --> 00:41:04,140
Huma jkollhom l-ebda valur.

890
00:41:04,140 --> 00:41:05,600
Jew dawn għandhom valuri taż-żibel.

891
00:41:05,600 --> 00:41:07,370

892
00:41:07,370 --> 00:41:10,790
U jekk inti tipprova u jużawhom,
l-kumpilatur se Yell fi inti.

893
00:41:10,790 --> 00:41:14,727
Int għandek kemm jiddikjaraw u
initialize varjabbli tiegħek.

894
00:41:14,727 --> 00:41:16,310
Allura f'dan l-aħħar wieħed, li aħna qed tagħmel it-tnejn.

895
00:41:16,310 --> 00:41:19,320
Aħna tiddikjara varjabbli
ta 'punteġġ u n-numru ta' timijiet,

896
00:41:19,320 --> 00:41:24,134
u aħna qed initializing lilhom, jagħtu
minnhom valuri inizjali tagħhom ta '7 u 4

897
00:41:24,134 --> 00:41:24,675
rispettivament.

898
00:41:24,675 --> 00:41:26,310

899
00:41:26,310 --> 00:41:27,190
Kessaħ.

900
00:41:27,190 --> 00:41:28,550
Kulħadd tajba?

901
00:41:28,550 --> 00:41:29,470
Biża.

902
00:41:29,470 --> 00:41:31,690
>> OK, għalhekk xi konvenzjonijiet.

903
00:41:31,690 --> 00:41:35,965
Jekk inti guys taqra
permezz stil 50, dawn

904
00:41:35,965 --> 00:41:39,510
huma biss affarijiet li aħna tixtieq għall
inti biex jimplimentaw fl-istil tiegħek.

905
00:41:39,510 --> 00:41:41,230
Ismijiet hekk sinifikanti.

906
00:41:41,230 --> 00:41:45,700
Jekk inti tibda sejħa affarijiet
biss x, y, uz, speċjalment

907
00:41:45,700 --> 00:41:47,902
kif inti tikseb fis itwal
programmi, int

908
00:41:47,902 --> 00:41:49,610
probabbilment se
jikkonfondi lilek innifsek u tkun

909
00:41:49,610 --> 00:41:52,930
bħal dak li huwa dan varjabbli jirreferu għall.

910
00:41:52,930 --> 00:41:55,880
Għandi l-ebda idea liema dan ifisser.

911
00:41:55,880 --> 00:41:59,280
>> Mela jekk huwa maħsub li jżommu
punteġġ, sejħa hija score.

912
00:41:59,280 --> 00:42:05,720
Jekk huwa maħsub li jżommu xi tweġiba
jew jirriżultaw, tagħtiha isem bħal dik.

913
00:42:05,720 --> 00:42:09,920
Għal loops, li aħna se
tikseb fis fil-slide li jmiss,

914
00:42:09,920 --> 00:42:12,985
varjabbli ittra waħda huma multa.

915
00:42:12,985 --> 00:42:16,033

916
00:42:16,033 --> 00:42:18,449
ROB Bowden: I, j, k u huma
biss konvenzjonijiet għall għall-linji

917
00:42:18,449 --> 00:42:22,050
li kulħadd jistenna minnhom
li għandu jissejjaħ i, j, k.

918
00:42:22,050 --> 00:42:26,890
Tista 'sejħa them-- nara ringiela
kolonna jew ringiela sejħa kultant

919
00:42:26,890 --> 00:42:29,450
għal żewġ crieki nested, u
li wkoll tip ta 'standard.

920
00:42:29,450 --> 00:42:31,450
Imma i u j huwa kompletament mifhum.

921
00:42:31,450 --> 00:42:33,670
>> ALLISON: Yeah, I u
j int totalment multa.

922
00:42:33,670 --> 00:42:36,250
Għal raġunijiet ta 'ċarezza simili
f'xi settijiet P tiegħek,

923
00:42:36,250 --> 00:42:39,745
jista 'jagħmel sens li jkollhom aktar
affarijiet deskrittiv hemm biss

924
00:42:39,745 --> 00:42:40,920
li jżommu rekord ta 'dan.

925
00:42:40,920 --> 00:42:45,100
Imma naħseb i, j, k u naħseb
il-maġġoranza l-kbira minna kull użu.

926
00:42:45,100 --> 00:42:46,890

927
00:42:46,890 --> 00:42:50,340
>> ROB Bowden: B'dawn
konvenzjonijiet, hekk istil huwa importanti.

928
00:42:50,340 --> 00:42:53,520
Huwa wieħed mill-erba 'assi
fuq liema int gradati,

929
00:42:53,520 --> 00:42:58,110
u huwa daqshekk faċli li jmorru biss fuq
P tiegħek stabbiliti fl-aħħar u kun żgur

930
00:42:58,110 --> 00:42:59,770
li ma jkunx hemm żbalji stilistiċi.

931
00:42:59,770 --> 00:43:01,742
Sabiex tagħmel żgur li int qed tabbing korrett.

932
00:43:01,742 --> 00:43:03,200
Kun żgur varjabbli tiegħek huma msemmija.

933
00:43:03,200 --> 00:43:04,450
Tħalli xi kummenti.

934
00:43:04,450 --> 00:43:06,677
Huwa faċli ħafna li tikseb dawn il-punti.

935
00:43:06,677 --> 00:43:09,510
Inti ma għandekx biex jaħsbu dwar
xejn sabiex tikseb dawk il-punti.

936
00:43:09,510 --> 00:43:11,093
Inti ma għandekx biex insemmu xejn barra.

937
00:43:11,093 --> 00:43:12,640
Huwa biss jagħmilha ħarsa pretty.

938
00:43:12,640 --> 00:43:14,850
>> ALLISON: Fil-fatt, aħna
jkollhom stil 50, li

939
00:43:14,850 --> 00:43:17,920
se jgħidlek fejn int messing
up jekk int messing up fuq stil

940
00:43:17,920 --> 00:43:21,180
u se jgħidlek eżattament dak li għandek
ħtieġa li jiffissaw u kif għandek bżonn biex tiffissa lilha.

941
00:43:21,180 --> 00:43:23,900
Huwa wkoll biss tajba insemmi
li huwa politika kors

942
00:43:23,900 --> 00:43:27,200
li jekk int fl-uffiċċju
sigħat u kodiċi tiegħek huwa mess,

943
00:43:27,200 --> 00:43:30,200
nistgħu tonqos biex jgħinu
inti sakemm jidher nicer.

944
00:43:30,200 --> 00:43:34,310
Allura tibda fl-dritt,
iżommu stil konsistenti,

945
00:43:34,310 --> 00:43:37,100
int wkoll biss ser tagħmel
ħajja tiegħek lott kollu aktar faċli meta

946
00:43:37,100 --> 00:43:38,730
inti qed tipprova li jmorru permezz debug.

947
00:43:38,730 --> 00:43:41,510
Jekk inti qed tipprova figura
fejn int nieqes Brace kaboċċi

948
00:43:41,510 --> 00:43:44,890
u dawn huma kollha fuq il-post, int
biss tagħmel il-ħajja tiegħek aktar diffiċli.

949
00:43:44,890 --> 00:43:47,217
Allura jkun konsistenti ma 'stil.

950
00:43:47,217 --> 00:43:48,800
I wegħda li ser jagħmlu l-ħajja tiegħek aktar faċli.

951
00:43:48,800 --> 00:43:50,330
Hija ser jagħmlu ħajjitna aktar faċli.

952
00:43:50,330 --> 00:43:51,869
Kulħadd se tkun ferm kuntenti.

953
00:43:51,869 --> 00:43:52,910
U dan huwa dak li trid.

954
00:43:52,910 --> 00:43:54,192

955
00:43:54,192 --> 00:43:55,650
GABRIEL: grad tiegħek se tkun ogħla.

956
00:43:55,650 --> 00:43:56,858
ALLISON: Iva, u l-grad tiegħek.

957
00:43:56,858 --> 00:43:58,410

958
00:43:58,410 --> 00:44:01,930
Jekk TF tiegħek simili inti,
tendenza li jkun favorevoli.

959
00:44:01,930 --> 00:44:02,940

960
00:44:02,940 --> 00:44:05,010
Kull dritt, u mbagħad biss
it-tieni punt hawnhekk.

961
00:44:05,010 --> 00:44:06,300
Initializations konsistenti.

962
00:44:06,300 --> 00:44:09,605
Allura kif rajna, inti tista 'tiddikjara
u initialize affarijiet.

963
00:44:09,605 --> 00:44:10,750

964
00:44:10,750 --> 00:44:13,180
Varjabbli multipli fuq l-istess linja.

965
00:44:13,180 --> 00:44:17,930
Ħaġa waħda nixtiequ li inti ma
tagħmel huwa li tiddikjara xi varjabbli

966
00:44:17,930 --> 00:44:21,360
u mhux initialize minnhom fuq l-istess
line li inti qed initializing oħrajn.

967
00:44:21,360 --> 00:44:23,960
>> Allura fil-każ li għamlu
ebda sens tkun xi tkun,

968
00:44:23,960 --> 00:44:29,050
aħna għandna l-eżempju hawn
fejn aħna qed tiddikjara ints

969
00:44:29,050 --> 00:44:31,180
fl varjabbli ta kwarti
dimes u pennies,

970
00:44:31,180 --> 00:44:34,214
iżda kwarti u pennies
jkollhom l-ebda valur inizjali.

971
00:44:34,214 --> 00:44:36,630
Aħna ma initialized minnhom,
iżda lemin fin-nofs hemm

972
00:44:36,630 --> 00:44:38,600
aħna diġà initialized dimes għal 0.

973
00:44:38,600 --> 00:44:41,650
Allura kemm do kwarti, dimes, pennies.

974
00:44:41,650 --> 00:44:43,170
Jew do kwarti ugwali 0.

975
00:44:43,170 --> 00:44:43,930
Dimes ugwali 0.

976
00:44:43,930 --> 00:44:46,810
Pennies ugwali 0, jew kwalunkwe
dawk il-valuri inizjali huma.

977
00:44:46,810 --> 00:44:49,800
>> Ħaġa kbira ma 'stil, ikunu konsistenti.

978
00:44:49,800 --> 00:44:51,050
Meta fid-dubju, ikunu konsistenti.

979
00:44:51,050 --> 00:44:52,129

980
00:44:52,129 --> 00:44:53,420
Iżda jsegwu Gwida tal-Istil tagħna wisq.

981
00:44:53,420 --> 00:44:54,710

982
00:44:54,710 --> 00:44:55,317
Kessaħ.

983
00:44:55,317 --> 00:44:56,150
Kulħadd tajba hemmhekk?

984
00:44:56,150 --> 00:44:57,566
>> UDJENZA: Fejn hi l-gwida tal-istil?

985
00:44:57,566 --> 00:45:00,800
ALLISON: Il-Gwida tal-Istil
huwa on-- x'inhu l-websajt?

986
00:45:00,800 --> 00:45:03,950
>> GABRIEL: Naħseb li huwa manual.cs50.net/--

987
00:45:03,950 --> 00:45:04,575
ALLISON: Style?

988
00:45:04,575 --> 00:45:05,610

989
00:45:05,610 --> 00:45:06,390
>> GABRIEL: Style.

990
00:45:06,390 --> 00:45:06,920
Yep.

991
00:45:06,920 --> 00:45:07,520
>> ALLISON: Iva.

992
00:45:07,520 --> 00:45:10,150
Allura mistoqsija, fejn huwa l-istil 50.

993
00:45:10,150 --> 00:45:12,250
manual.cs50.net/style.

994
00:45:12,250 --> 00:45:13,639
Iva?

995
00:45:13,639 --> 00:45:16,880
>> UDJENZA: Jekk aħna qed tiddefinixxi
varjabbli, huwa OK

996
00:45:16,880 --> 00:45:28,145
jekk npoġġux simili [inaudible] bħal
punteġġ int u mbagħad int mira.

997
00:45:28,145 --> 00:45:29,873

998
00:45:29,873 --> 00:45:35,100
Allura kieku inti tgħid li issa konna
ltqajna biex jiddefinixxu flimkien?

999
00:45:35,100 --> 00:45:37,640
>> ALLISON: Allura kwistjoni, iridu
għandek kodiċi żejda

1000
00:45:37,640 --> 00:45:40,940
meta inti qed jiddefinixxu
varjabbli bħal punteġġ int u

1001
00:45:40,940 --> 00:45:43,239
fuq il-logħba int linja li jmiss?

1002
00:45:43,239 --> 00:45:46,030
ROB Bowden: Hemm definittivament
F'każijiet fejn kodiċi żejda huwa ħażin.

1003
00:45:46,030 --> 00:45:47,738
I ma kienx se jikkunsidra
dan il-kodiċi żejda.

1004
00:45:47,738 --> 00:45:50,970
I kważi qatt niddikjara multiplu
varjabbli fuq l-istess linja qatt.

1005
00:45:50,970 --> 00:45:53,736
U jekk xejn, huwa għaliex
normalment I leave xi tip ta 'kumment

1006
00:45:53,736 --> 00:45:55,235
tispjega dak il-varjabbli huwa għall.

1007
00:45:55,235 --> 00:45:57,582
So I ser jgħidu punteġġ int slash slash.

1008
00:45:57,582 --> 00:45:59,350
Iżomm rekord ta 'kwalunkwe.

1009
00:45:59,350 --> 00:46:00,710
Fil slash total slash.

1010
00:46:00,710 --> 00:46:01,790

1011
00:46:01,790 --> 00:46:06,455
Allura huwa ferm Großer b'dak il-mod
li jpoġġuhom kollha fuq l-istess linja.

1012
00:46:06,455 --> 00:46:08,080
I biss qatt ma jqiegħdhom fuq l-istess linja.

1013
00:46:08,080 --> 00:46:10,580
>> ALLISON: Inħoss bhalu s
preferenza personali f'dan il-punt.

1014
00:46:10,580 --> 00:46:14,900
>> UDJENZA: Does li tmur għall
għal linji u l-għalf wisq?

1015
00:46:14,900 --> 00:46:15,900
ROB Bowden: Bħal ġewwa?

1016
00:46:15,900 --> 00:46:18,282
Bħal int i ikun egwali għal 0 virgola
tul ugwali xi ħaġa?

1017
00:46:18,282 --> 00:46:19,490
Li inti ma jkollhomx għażla.

1018
00:46:19,490 --> 00:46:21,850

1019
00:46:21,850 --> 00:46:25,910
Bl għall loops l-inizjalizzazzjoni
part-- sabiex inti tista raw biss

1020
00:46:25,910 --> 00:46:31,520
int i ikun egwali għal 0 virgola i inqas
minn kwalunkwe virgola i plus plus.

1021
00:46:31,520 --> 00:46:33,820
Li i int ikun egwali għal 0,
teknikament inti tista 'ukoll

1022
00:46:33,820 --> 00:46:35,770
jagħmlu dak rajna qabel
mal-sintassi virgola.

1023
00:46:35,770 --> 00:46:39,790
int i ikun egwali għal 0 virgola j
ugwali 3 comma k ugwali 5.

1024
00:46:39,790 --> 00:46:41,610

1025
00:46:41,610 --> 00:46:44,320
Inti ma jkollhom għażla li jaqsam
li f'lenza multipli,

1026
00:46:44,320 --> 00:46:46,530
u li l-istandard.

1027
00:46:46,530 --> 00:46:47,780
Iqisuh hemm multa.

1028
00:46:47,780 --> 00:46:49,182

1029
00:46:49,182 --> 00:46:49,890
ALLISON: biża.

1030
00:46:49,890 --> 00:46:52,120
Ukoll, segue konvenjenti fis loops.

1031
00:46:52,120 --> 00:46:54,860

1032
00:46:54,860 --> 00:46:58,980
So yeah, hawn aħna għandna xi eżempji
ta 'linji li inti guys raw fil Scratch.

1033
00:46:58,980 --> 00:47:01,550
U ovvjament dawn kollha
jista 'jkun biss recreated fil C.

1034
00:47:01,550 --> 00:47:04,610
U huma bażikament jippermetti li inti
jirrepetu xi taqsima tal-kodiċi

1035
00:47:04,610 --> 00:47:06,740
sakemm ċerta kondizzjoni
hija sodisfatta, li aħna ser

1036
00:47:06,740 --> 00:47:09,198
jsibu rwieħhom dritt wara li tkellem
dwar loops ma conditionals.

1037
00:47:09,198 --> 00:47:11,150

1038
00:47:11,150 --> 00:47:12,570
>> Allura aħna għandna tliet tipi ewlenin.

1039
00:47:12,570 --> 00:47:17,500
Għal, filwaqt li, u tagħmel waqt, li
aħna kollha se jmorru permezz dritt issa.

1040
00:47:17,500 --> 00:47:18,860
Allura l-ewwel wieħed huwa għal loops.

1041
00:47:18,860 --> 00:47:20,490

1042
00:47:20,490 --> 00:47:25,034
Allura għal xi kondizzjoni,
tesegwixxi dan il-blokk ta 'kodiċi.

1043
00:47:25,034 --> 00:47:27,200
Għandna din ftit jibred
dijagramma hawn fil-qiegħ.

1044
00:47:27,200 --> 00:47:28,230

1045
00:47:28,230 --> 00:47:32,310
Imma bażikament għandek fil
għall tiegħek, li l-ewwel linja,

1046
00:47:32,310 --> 00:47:34,240
int ser
initialize varjabbli tiegħek.

1047
00:47:34,240 --> 00:47:38,260
>> Allura kif aħna tkellem dwar, i huwa
ugwali għal 0 jew i huwa ugwali għal 10.

1048
00:47:38,260 --> 00:47:40,010
Kwalunkwe għandek bżonn li
varjabbli li jkun wasal

1049
00:47:40,010 --> 00:47:43,970
ser jiġu initialized hemmhekk,
dikjarata u initialized li xi valur.

1050
00:47:43,970 --> 00:47:46,760
Hekk allura għandna xi
kundizzjoni li għaddej

1051
00:47:46,760 --> 00:47:48,900
li jiġi verifikat tagħna
varjabbli kontra xi ħaġa.

1052
00:47:48,900 --> 00:47:55,220
Hekk fil-każ li l-każ tipiku fejn
forsi inti tixtieq din is-sezzjoni tal-kodiċi

1053
00:47:55,220 --> 00:47:56,620
biex tesegwixxi ħames darbiet.

1054
00:47:56,620 --> 00:48:02,380
Allura aħna d jkollhom int i ikun egwali għal 0, u aħna
jixtiequ li din tkun meta i huwa inqas minn 5.

1055
00:48:02,380 --> 00:48:04,940
Allura din il-kundizzjoni hija biss
ser jivverifikaw li kull darba.

1056
00:48:04,940 --> 00:48:07,120
Jekk din il-kundizzjoni
tevalwa l veru, huwa

1057
00:48:07,120 --> 00:48:11,162
ser imexxu l-kodiċi, li huwa eżattament
dak li dan dijagramma ftit qed juri.

1058
00:48:11,162 --> 00:48:12,370

1059
00:48:12,370 --> 00:48:13,639
>> U għalhekk tesegwixxi dan.

1060
00:48:13,639 --> 00:48:15,430
Huwa jaġġorna varjabbli,
li huwa dak li naraw

1061
00:48:15,430 --> 00:48:21,020
fl-aħħar parti ta 'għall tagħna
inizjalizzazzjoni loop hemmhekk.

1062
00:48:21,020 --> 00:48:22,370

1063
00:48:22,370 --> 00:48:26,030
Għalhekk ser biss iżommu tagħmel dan
sakemm din il-kundizzjoni ma tiġix sodisfatta,

1064
00:48:26,030 --> 00:48:28,010
u mbagħad se ħruġ
il-linja u tkompli

1065
00:48:28,010 --> 00:48:29,960
miexja fuq mal-bqija tal-programm tiegħek.

1066
00:48:29,960 --> 00:48:31,320

1067
00:48:31,320 --> 00:48:33,620
Kulħadd tajba hemmhekk?

1068
00:48:33,620 --> 00:48:34,440
Kessaħ.

1069
00:48:34,440 --> 00:48:37,780
>> Allura hawnhekk eżempju, simili ħafna
għal xi ħaġa I biss tkellem dwar.

1070
00:48:37,780 --> 00:48:42,030
Allura aħna biss tixtieq li jistampaw
dan huwa CS50 10 darbiet.

1071
00:48:42,030 --> 00:48:44,540
Allura inti tara hawnhekk għandna
għall tagħna, u allura aħna

1072
00:48:44,540 --> 00:48:47,450
initialize l-varjabbli
i li jkun ugwali għal 0.

1073
00:48:47,450 --> 00:48:50,610
Kondizzjoni tagħna qed jiċċekkja
li huwa inqas minn 10.

1074
00:48:50,610 --> 00:48:55,210
Allura tevalwa l veru meta aħna ewwel
tibda, u mbagħad aġġornamenti varjabbli tagħna

1075
00:48:55,210 --> 00:48:58,985
kull darba li hija effettivament tesegwixxi
u prints out dan huwa CS50.

1076
00:48:58,985 --> 00:49:00,510

1077
00:49:00,510 --> 00:49:02,180
U jispiċċa wara 10 darbiet.

1078
00:49:02,180 --> 00:49:03,190

1079
00:49:03,190 --> 00:49:04,070
Kessaħ.

1080
00:49:04,070 --> 00:49:07,130
>> Allura filwaqt loops huma up li jmiss.

1081
00:49:07,130 --> 00:49:12,400
U kif tara hawn, aħna biss għandhom
xi filwaqt li din il-kwistjoni condition--?

1082
00:49:12,400 --> 00:49:15,238
>> UDJENZA: Kif nista 'tiżdied
attwalment biss ma numru wieħed,

1083
00:49:15,238 --> 00:49:19,030
iżda żewġ numri [inaudible]
i plus plus plus?

1084
00:49:19,030 --> 00:49:23,390
>> ALLISON: Għalhekk il-kwistjoni kienet kif tista 'inti
taġġorna varjabbli tiegħek minn aktar minn wieħed

1085
00:49:23,390 --> 00:49:24,070
fi żmien.

1086
00:49:24,070 --> 00:49:26,860
Hekk i plus plus se
aġġornament minn wieħed kull darba.

1087
00:49:26,860 --> 00:49:32,310
Jekk int riedu li taġġorna lilha mill
tnejn, inti tista 'tagħmel i plus ugwali 2.

1088
00:49:32,310 --> 00:49:34,526
>> ROB Bowden: Have you raw
plus ugwali fil lecture għadhom?

1089
00:49:34,526 --> 00:49:35,442
>> UDJENZA: [inaudible].

1090
00:49:35,442 --> 00:49:37,440

1091
00:49:37,440 --> 00:49:42,110
>> ALLISON: Huwa b'mod effettiv l-
istess ħaġa kif i ugwali i plus 2.

1092
00:49:42,110 --> 00:49:46,130
Allura li għaddej biex teħodha u
jaġġornah minn żewġ kull darba.

1093
00:49:46,130 --> 00:49:49,432
Plus jegwalja huwa biss xi ħaġa
nitolbu zokkor sintattika.

1094
00:49:49,432 --> 00:49:52,390
ROB Bowden: Yeah, dawk jeżistu għal
pretty ħafna operaturi aritmetika kollha.

1095
00:49:52,390 --> 00:49:55,830
Żminijiet hekk i ugwali għal
jista 'jirdoppja l-għadd.

1096
00:49:55,830 --> 00:50:02,590
qasma j ugwali 3 hija l-istess
kif j ugwali j diviż bil 3.

1097
00:50:02,590 --> 00:50:07,399
>> ALLISON: Or nieqes ugwali 2 tkun
decrement i minn tnejn kull darba.

1098
00:50:07,399 --> 00:50:08,565
ROB Bowden: Anke ugwali mod.

1099
00:50:08,565 --> 00:50:09,690

1100
00:50:09,690 --> 00:50:13,270
Inti ma bbenefikawx l-operaturi bitwise,
iżda caret ugwali u ampersand ugwali,

1101
00:50:13,270 --> 00:50:14,560
dawk kollha jeżistu.

1102
00:50:14,560 --> 00:50:19,480
>> ALLISON: Allura ħafna drabi, speċjalment
bl-ewwel koppja ta 'settijiet P tiegħek,

1103
00:50:19,480 --> 00:50:22,527
inti ser tkun probabbilment inkrementazzjoni mill
waħda, hekk i plus plus, j plus plus

1104
00:50:22,527 --> 00:50:24,610
huma kollha affarijiet int ser
li tipikament tkun qed tuża.

1105
00:50:24,610 --> 00:50:28,240
Iżda din il-kundizzjoni aġġornament huwa
kompletament fil-kontroll tiegħek.

1106
00:50:28,240 --> 00:50:32,310
Inti tista 'taġġorna dan b'liema b'żidiet
jew fi kwalunkwe mod inti tiddeċiedi li.

1107
00:50:32,310 --> 00:50:33,389

1108
00:50:33,389 --> 00:50:35,680
Forsi inti anki tixtieq li jkun
numru bl-addoċċ kultant.

1109
00:50:35,680 --> 00:50:37,180

1110
00:50:37,180 --> 00:50:39,580
Imma iva, hemm lottijiet ta '
affarijiet li tista 'tagħmel ma' dak.

1111
00:50:39,580 --> 00:50:41,280
Int mhux ristrett għall i plus plus.

1112
00:50:41,280 --> 00:50:44,400
>> ROB Bowden: Just sabiex inti
jafu dan jeżisti, ukoll

1113
00:50:44,400 --> 00:50:46,960
teżisti f'forma oħra, plus plus i.

1114
00:50:46,960 --> 00:50:51,410
Mela jekk int qatt tiftix online
u jiġri biex tara plus plus i,

1115
00:50:51,410 --> 00:50:52,870
pretty ħafna tfisser l-istess ħaġa.

1116
00:50:52,870 --> 00:50:54,377

1117
00:50:54,377 --> 00:50:54,960
ALLISON: Kessaħ.

1118
00:50:54,960 --> 00:50:56,070

1119
00:50:56,070 --> 00:50:56,740
Tajba?

1120
00:50:56,740 --> 00:50:57,240
Biża.

1121
00:50:57,240 --> 00:50:59,190

1122
00:50:59,190 --> 00:50:59,990
Għalhekk, filwaqt loops.

1123
00:50:59,990 --> 00:51:01,160

1124
00:51:01,160 --> 00:51:02,570
Simili ħafna.

1125
00:51:02,570 --> 00:51:03,737
Inti għandek xi kundizzjoni.

1126
00:51:03,737 --> 00:51:05,820
Il-ħaġa prinċipali li l-avviż
hawnhekk hija minflok li

1127
00:51:05,820 --> 00:51:08,540
tliet partijiet differenti
li twaqqaf, aħna għandna waħda.

1128
00:51:08,540 --> 00:51:11,090
Aħna biss ikollhom xi kondizzjoni
li l-jiġu ċċekkjati.

1129
00:51:11,090 --> 00:51:14,920
U bl-istess mod, sakemm
din il-kundizzjoni tevalwa lil veru,

1130
00:51:14,920 --> 00:51:16,840
kodiċi tiegħek se jiddekorri.

1131
00:51:16,840 --> 00:51:18,870
U jekk huwa falz, dan
se jtemm, jimxu

1132
00:51:18,870 --> 00:51:21,930
fuq il-parti li jmiss tal-programm tiegħek.

1133
00:51:21,930 --> 00:51:25,780
Allura dan huwa tip ta 'like-- x'hemm
eżempju tajjeb ta 'verifika

1134
00:51:25,780 --> 00:51:27,215
għal xi kondizzjoni normali?

1135
00:51:27,215 --> 00:51:29,402

1136
00:51:29,402 --> 00:51:30,235
GABRIEL: Filwaqt veru.

1137
00:51:30,235 --> 00:51:32,110
ALLISON: Inti tista 'tagħmel waqt veru.

1138
00:51:32,110 --> 00:51:33,510
Ukoll, 1 huwa ugwali għal 1.

1139
00:51:33,510 --> 00:51:34,970

1140
00:51:34,970 --> 00:51:37,642
>> ROB Bowden: Tista 'tagħmel while--
biss minflok jużaw għall-loop,

1141
00:51:37,642 --> 00:51:39,600
inti tista 'dejjem Kodiċi,
għal loop fil-linja waqt,

1142
00:51:39,600 --> 00:51:42,600
hekk i akbar minn 0 jew
Filwaqt I inqas minn 10.

1143
00:51:42,600 --> 00:51:45,200

1144
00:51:45,200 --> 00:51:46,010
>> ALLISON: biża.

1145
00:51:46,010 --> 00:51:50,640
U allura aħna għandna nagħmlu filwaqt loops, li
hija kbira għall-validazzjoni utent, fejn

1146
00:51:50,640 --> 00:51:55,370
inti tixtieq li tikseb xi ħaġa minn
utent tiegħek, tara jekk huwa validu,

1147
00:51:55,370 --> 00:51:57,060
u mbagħad tkompli minn hemm.

1148
00:51:57,060 --> 00:52:04,000
Allura wieħed mill-affarijiet li jkunu jafu huwa ma '
tagħmel waqt hija li huwa għaddej biex tesegwixxi,

1149
00:52:04,000 --> 00:52:08,000
u mbagħad se jerġa 'tesegwixxi
jekk din il-kundizzjoni hija sodisfatta.

1150
00:52:08,000 --> 00:52:11,240
>> Allura probabbilment l-aħjar mod biex isir dan
huwa biss biex tara eżempju hawn.

1151
00:52:11,240 --> 00:52:14,620
So I kif biss imsemmija, utent
validazzjoni huwa verament useful--

1152
00:52:14,620 --> 00:52:17,520
jew jagħmlu whiles huma verament
utli ma validazzjoni utent.

1153
00:52:17,520 --> 00:52:19,730
Allura dan huwa biss se
xi utent biex jerġgħu pront

1154
00:52:19,730 --> 00:52:23,640
sakemm dawn jidħlu numru pożittiv,
li jista 'jkun utli għall tiegħek sett P

1155
00:52:23,640 --> 00:52:24,190
din il-ġimgħa.

1156
00:52:24,190 --> 00:52:25,850

1157
00:52:25,850 --> 00:52:29,480
U għalhekk f'dan il-każ, meta aħna
inizjalment run dan il-programm,

1158
00:52:29,480 --> 00:52:32,260
li għaddej biex jistampaw
jidħol numru pożittiv.

1159
00:52:32,260 --> 00:52:34,810
Li għaddej biex tikseb xi
input mill-utent,

1160
00:52:34,810 --> 00:52:38,320
u mbagħad li għaddej biex jiċċekkjaw
li input kontra l-kundizzjoni

1161
00:52:38,320 --> 00:52:39,500
li inti stajt stabbiliti għal dan.

1162
00:52:39,500 --> 00:52:41,030
>> Allura f'dan il-każ li għaddej biex jiċċekkjaw.

1163
00:52:41,030 --> 00:52:44,190
Li għaddej biex jgħidu, OK,
huwa input tagħna negattiva,

1164
00:52:44,190 --> 00:52:47,175
jew hija 0 jew negattiv,
li jkun invalidu.

1165
00:52:47,175 --> 00:52:48,300
Mela allura jerġa 'pront.

1166
00:52:48,300 --> 00:52:50,280

1167
00:52:50,280 --> 00:52:50,780
Mistoqsija?

1168
00:52:50,780 --> 00:52:54,720
>> UDJENZA: Huwa dan l-istess imbagħad bħala
filwaqt loop jekk inti biss kkupjati dan il-kodiċi

1169
00:52:54,720 --> 00:52:56,680
u poġġih [inaudible] filwaqt loop?

1170
00:52:56,680 --> 00:52:59,620

1171
00:52:59,620 --> 00:53:05,160
>> ALLISON: Allura mistoqsija kienet kieku
dan ikun l-istess bħal ftit ħin

1172
00:53:05,160 --> 00:53:08,570
loop jekk konna biss
kopja tal-loop filwaqt hawn fuq.

1173
00:53:08,570 --> 00:53:12,440
Allura f'dan il-każ, loop filwaqt tiegħek huwa
ser jiċċekkja l-kondizzjoni ewwel.

1174
00:53:12,440 --> 00:53:15,300
Allura f'dan il-każ, jekk aħna ppruvaw
jiktbu biss bħala loop waqt,

1175
00:53:15,300 --> 00:53:18,010
huwa ngħid filwaqt
input huwa inqas minn wieħed.

1176
00:53:18,010 --> 00:53:20,801
Iżda aħna ma jkollhomx input għal dan.

1177
00:53:20,801 --> 00:53:24,238
>> UDJENZA: Jekk inti [inaudible]
filwaqt loop inkluż dan il-kodiċi,

1178
00:53:24,238 --> 00:53:28,166
iżda imbagħad inti coped-kodiċi
fuq il-loop filwaqt wkoll.

1179
00:53:28,166 --> 00:53:31,052
Inti biss kellhom dan il-kodiċi
[Inaudible] filwaqt loop.

1180
00:53:31,052 --> 00:53:32,760
ALLISON: Ikun
l-istess ħaġa, iva.

1181
00:53:32,760 --> 00:53:37,110
Allura inti tista 'biss write--
minflok li iva do--.

1182
00:53:37,110 --> 00:53:37,976

1183
00:53:37,976 --> 00:53:39,350
GABRIEL: Iżda li l-aktar eleganti.

1184
00:53:39,350 --> 00:53:41,020
ALLISON: Yeah, li l-aktar eleganti.

1185
00:53:41,020 --> 00:53:44,560
Inti tista 'tikseb fis disinn u whatnot,
imma iva, inti tista totalment tagħmel dan.

1186
00:53:44,560 --> 00:53:45,850

1187
00:53:45,850 --> 00:53:47,072
Kwalunkwe mistoqsijiet oħra?

1188
00:53:47,072 --> 00:53:49,240

1189
00:53:49,240 --> 00:53:50,250
OK, berred.

1190
00:53:50,250 --> 00:53:55,540
>> Allura aħna ħadthom tkellmu ħafna dwar kondizzjonijiet
ma 'dawn loops kollha li għandna,

1191
00:53:55,540 --> 00:53:58,615
hekk aħna qed attwalment jkollna fis
kundizzjonijiet fis espressjonijiet Boolean.

1192
00:53:58,615 --> 00:53:59,990

1193
00:53:59,990 --> 00:54:03,440
Għal darb'oħra, inti tuża dawn fil C,
hekk biss tip ta 'transizzjoni

1194
00:54:03,440 --> 00:54:06,050
minn interface aktar grafiku
li attwalment kodifikazzjoni.

1195
00:54:06,050 --> 00:54:07,480

1196
00:54:07,480 --> 00:54:09,100
>> Kessaħ, daqshekk kbira wieħed, jekk.

1197
00:54:09,100 --> 00:54:11,130

1198
00:54:11,130 --> 00:54:17,070
Bażikament biss jippermetti li jintroduċu
xi loġika fil-programm tagħna u l-kontroll

1199
00:54:17,070 --> 00:54:17,790
kondizzjonijiet Sys.

1200
00:54:17,790 --> 00:54:22,150
Allura f'dan il-każ, OK,
huwa n akbar minn 0?

1201
00:54:22,150 --> 00:54:24,070
Iva huwa, sabiex inti tista 'tesegwixxi dan.

1202
00:54:24,070 --> 00:54:28,060
Huwa biss verifika ftit
kundizzjoni li inti stajt

1203
00:54:28,060 --> 00:54:33,565
sett, li naħseb li aħna qed kollha
komdu mal-kondizzjonijiet iċċekkjar.

1204
00:54:33,565 --> 00:54:35,975

1205
00:54:35,975 --> 00:54:36,475
Kessaħ.

1206
00:54:36,475 --> 00:54:38,760

1207
00:54:38,760 --> 00:54:44,530
Hekk jekk inkella hija waħda oħra tiegħek,
inti tista 'tgħid OK, jekk dan huwa minnu,

1208
00:54:44,530 --> 00:54:46,150
tagħmel dan ewwel ħaġa.

1209
00:54:46,150 --> 00:54:48,720
Inkella Nixtieq li
default u tagħmel xi ħaġa oħra.

1210
00:54:48,720 --> 00:54:51,977

1211
00:54:51,977 --> 00:54:55,060
Bħal f'dan il-każ, inti jew pick
numru pożittiv jew numru negattiv.

1212
00:54:55,060 --> 00:54:56,500
Inti biss għandek żewġ għażliet.

1213
00:54:56,500 --> 00:54:59,550
Għandek bżonn biex tesegwixxi irrispettivament
ta 'dak li inputs utent tiegħek.

1214
00:54:59,550 --> 00:55:02,920
Allura inti tista 'tgħid ukoll,
huwa akbar minn 0?

1215
00:55:02,920 --> 00:55:03,480
Kessaħ.

1216
00:55:03,480 --> 00:55:04,480
Stampa numru pożittiv.

1217
00:55:04,480 --> 00:55:06,153
Jekk mhuwiex, stampar ta 'negattiv.

1218
00:55:06,153 --> 00:55:06,960
Kulħadd tajba?

1219
00:55:06,960 --> 00:55:14,920
>> U mbagħad ħaġa waħda li jirrikonoxxu hija
li jekk il-jekk il-kundizzjoni hija sodisfatta,

1220
00:55:14,920 --> 00:55:16,650
l-inkella qatt se tesegwixxi wkoll.

1221
00:55:16,650 --> 00:55:19,210
Waħda minn dawn biss se
tesegwixxi fi żmien.

1222
00:55:19,210 --> 00:55:20,410
Allura huwa kummerċ off.

1223
00:55:20,410 --> 00:55:21,720
Inti ma jsibux li jkollhom kemm.

1224
00:55:21,720 --> 00:55:23,566
Miegħek jew ikollhom l-ewwel kundizzjoni.

1225
00:55:23,566 --> 00:55:25,440
Miegħek jew ikollhom il-jekk
jew il-inkella, mhux it-tnejn.

1226
00:55:25,440 --> 00:55:26,849

1227
00:55:26,849 --> 00:55:28,890
Li mbagħad tista 'tagħmel l-affarijiet
aktar kumplikata,

1228
00:55:28,890 --> 00:55:31,060
għaliex inti tista 'tagħmel jekk,
inkella, u mbagħad ieħor.

1229
00:55:31,060 --> 00:55:32,810
Allura f'dan il-każ, aħna
għandhom tliet kundizzjonijiet.

1230
00:55:32,810 --> 00:55:34,830

1231
00:55:34,830 --> 00:55:38,370
U għal darb'oħra, biss wieħed minn dawn huwa
ser jispiċċaw jiġu esegwiti.

1232
00:55:38,370 --> 00:55:41,030
Allura inti jista 'jistaqsi
ukoll, dak li jekk inti

1233
00:55:41,030 --> 00:55:45,510
ikollhom xi ħaġa li
jistgħu jilħqu tnejn minn dawn.

1234
00:55:45,510 --> 00:55:49,520
Forsi kwalunkwe int inputjar
jissodisfa kemm il-kundizzjoni

1235
00:55:49,520 --> 00:55:51,811
għall jekk u l-inkella jekk.

1236
00:55:51,811 --> 00:55:53,060
Biss ħaġa li għaddej biex imexxu

1237
00:55:53,060 --> 00:55:56,240
>> ALLISON: Hekk kif issib xi ħaġa
li huwa jissodisfa l-kundizzjoni għal dik

1238
00:55:56,240 --> 00:55:59,790
tevalwa lil veru, dan huwa dak
li għaddej biex imexxu u xejn iżjed.

1239
00:55:59,790 --> 00:56:04,440
Hekk jekk kellek huwa dan in-numru
bejn 0 u 5 għall-ewwel waħda tiegħek,

1240
00:56:04,440 --> 00:56:10,530
jew dan in-numru bejn 3
u 5 għas-inkella jekk parti,

1241
00:56:10,530 --> 00:56:15,550
u inti input l-number--
I said 0 u 5 and-- 4.

1242
00:56:15,550 --> 00:56:18,110
Li għaddej biex laqat l-ewwel waħda.

1243
00:56:18,110 --> 00:56:20,960
Li għaddej biex ngħid OK, dan
in-numru huwa bejn 0 u 5.

1244
00:56:20,960 --> 00:56:22,480
Jesegwixxu u leave.

1245
00:56:22,480 --> 00:56:25,340
Huwa qatt mhu ser hit li tieni għażla.

1246
00:56:25,340 --> 00:56:26,394
Kessaħ?

1247
00:56:26,394 --> 00:56:27,250
Biża.

1248
00:56:27,250 --> 00:56:31,300
>> OK irridu wkoll dikjarazzjonijiet swiċċ jekk
inti tixtieq li jikseb saħansitra more-- jew sorry,

1249
00:56:31,300 --> 00:56:31,965
switch huwa li jmiss.

1250
00:56:31,965 --> 00:56:33,540

1251
00:56:33,540 --> 00:56:34,990
Jien jkollna qabel myself hawn.

1252
00:56:34,990 --> 00:56:36,370

1253
00:56:36,370 --> 00:56:39,210
Għal darb'oħra, multipli jekk blokki
fejn kif I biss qal

1254
00:56:39,210 --> 00:56:45,600
hija hekk kif inti ssib kundizzjoni
thats sodisfatti u jekk inkella jekk inkella,

1255
00:56:45,600 --> 00:56:46,630
tħalli.

1256
00:56:46,630 --> 00:56:49,560
Jekk għandek bżonn biex jivverifikaw
affarijiet multipli, int

1257
00:56:49,560 --> 00:56:53,000
tmur jridu jużaw dan għaliex
għandu jivverifika kull darba hawnhekk.

1258
00:56:53,000 --> 00:56:58,060
Allura dan se jimxu permezz u jekk
huwa ikbar minn jew ugwali għal 90,

1259
00:56:58,060 --> 00:56:59,160
li għaddej biex jistampaw dak.

1260
00:56:59,160 --> 00:57:00,530

1261
00:57:00,530 --> 00:57:03,600
U se jimxu permezz ta 'u
iċċekkja kull wieħed minn dawn.

1262
00:57:03,600 --> 00:57:06,444
>> UDJENZA: Allura dan ikun
Buggy aktar minn [inaudible].

1263
00:57:06,444 --> 00:57:07,735
Kieku dan ikun simili [inaudible]?

1264
00:57:07,735 --> 00:57:10,990

1265
00:57:10,990 --> 00:57:15,740
>> ALLISON: Il-kwistjoni hija kieku dan ikun
Buggy jew ma dan tagħmel dak li trid.

1266
00:57:15,740 --> 00:57:19,830
Hija verament jiddependi fuq liema
trid mill-programm tiegħek.

1267
00:57:19,830 --> 00:57:22,291
>> UDJENZA: I tfisser simili jekk inti tpoġġi 90 fil.

1268
00:57:22,291 --> 00:57:23,290
ALLISON: Jekk inti tpoġġi 90--

1269
00:57:23,290 --> 00:57:24,206
UDJENZA: [inaudible].

1270
00:57:24,206 --> 00:57:25,584

1271
00:57:25,584 --> 00:57:27,250
GABRIEL: Inti qed tmur biex tikseb żewġ affarijiet.

1272
00:57:27,250 --> 00:57:28,916
ALLISON: Inti qed tmur biex tikseb żewġ affarijiet.

1273
00:57:28,916 --> 00:57:29,420
Iva, tnejn.

1274
00:57:29,420 --> 00:57:32,420

1275
00:57:32,420 --> 00:57:33,920
>> ROB Bowden: Żewġ?

1276
00:57:33,920 --> 00:57:34,580
>> ALLISON: No

1277
00:57:34,580 --> 00:57:35,288
>> ROB Bowden: Erba.

1278
00:57:35,288 --> 00:57:37,070

1279
00:57:37,070 --> 00:57:40,070
Jekk inti tpoġġi 90, li għaddej biex ngħid lilek
ltqajna A, inti ltqajna B, inti ltqajna C,

1280
00:57:40,070 --> 00:57:40,545
inti ltqajna D.

1281
00:57:40,545 --> 00:57:41,461
>> UDJENZA: [inaudible].

1282
00:57:41,461 --> 00:57:42,196

1283
00:57:42,196 --> 00:57:42,820
ALLISON: Dritt.

1284
00:57:42,820 --> 00:57:44,778
So I jiddependi fuq dak li inti
jridu mill inti program.

1285
00:57:44,778 --> 00:57:47,050
Kultant ikollok bżonn li
jiċċekkjaw affarijiet multipli.

1286
00:57:47,050 --> 00:57:49,970

1287
00:57:49,970 --> 00:57:55,270
Int ser tingħata ħafna aktar profond fil dak
disinn tajba hija kif tmur quddiem.

1288
00:57:55,270 --> 00:57:57,090
Il-ħaġa importanti li
jirrealizzaw hija li dan

1289
00:57:57,090 --> 00:58:01,090
ser jiċċekkja l-erba 'kundizzjonijiet hawn.

1290
00:58:01,090 --> 00:58:05,860
Billi jekk dan kienu jekk inkella jekk inkella
jekk inkella, ikun hit li l-ewwel każ,

1291
00:58:05,860 --> 00:58:07,950
ikun jistampaw inti ltqajna A u jsir.

1292
00:58:07,950 --> 00:58:10,250
>> ROB Bowden: Anke jekk aħna
iddeċieda li jibdel dan jekk

1293
00:58:10,250 --> 00:58:13,880
u ikbar minn jew ugwali għal 90,
jekk u ikbar minn jew ugwali għal 80,

1294
00:58:13,880 --> 00:58:19,710
u anqas minn jew ugwali għal 89, jekk
n ikbar minn jew ugwali għal 70,

1295
00:58:19,710 --> 00:58:23,830
u n inqas minn jew ugwali għal
79, b'tali mod li se tkun korretta.

1296
00:58:23,830 --> 00:58:27,190
Li se tagħmel dak li rridu, imma
xorta tiċċekkja singola.

1297
00:58:27,190 --> 00:58:34,050
>> Allura filwaqt li fl-ewwel xenarju, jekk aħna
jidħol 90 biss jekk inkella jekk inkella jekk,

1298
00:58:34,050 --> 00:58:37,300
u aħna jidħol 90, imbagħad
li għaddej biex jikkoreġu.

1299
00:58:37,300 --> 00:58:39,615
Hi se tiċċekkja l-ewwel
waħda, print inti ltqajna A,

1300
00:58:39,615 --> 00:58:42,590
skip kollox, minħabba li
diġa 'sabu wieħed li jaħdem.

1301
00:58:42,590 --> 00:58:46,360
Il-każijiet kollha huma reċiprokament esklussivi
ibbażata fuq jekk inkella jekk inkella jekk.

1302
00:58:46,360 --> 00:58:48,630
Allura dan ser tesegwixxi l-
ewwel jekk, allura dan isir.

1303
00:58:48,630 --> 00:58:49,790
Hija ser imorru għall-aħħar.

1304
00:58:49,790 --> 00:58:52,400
>> Billi jekk nagħmlu l-bidla
dan ikun dak I kien

1305
00:58:52,400 --> 00:58:54,204
qal b'inqas minn jew ugwali għal 89.

1306
00:58:54,204 --> 00:58:55,620
Li għaddej biex jiċċekkja l-ewwel waħda.

1307
00:58:55,620 --> 00:58:56,560
Hija ser print.

1308
00:58:56,560 --> 00:58:58,010
Hija ser jiċċekkja t-tieni waħda.

1309
00:58:58,010 --> 00:58:59,010
Mhuwiex morna għall-istampa.

1310
00:58:59,010 --> 00:58:59,910
Iċċekkja t-tielet wieħed.

1311
00:58:59,910 --> 00:59:00,620
Mhux morna għall-istampa.

1312
00:59:00,620 --> 00:59:01,495
Iċċekkja l-raba 'wieħed.

1313
00:59:01,495 --> 00:59:02,420
Issa morna għall-istampa.

1314
00:59:02,420 --> 00:59:05,380
Allura f'dak il-każ, l-inkella jekk
verżjoni, peress li dawn il-każijiet

1315
00:59:05,380 --> 00:59:09,120
huma esklussivi reċiprokament, huwa
użu aħjar jekk inkella jekk inkella jekk,

1316
00:59:09,120 --> 00:59:12,970
minħabba li huwa se jkollu
anqas kontroll tal-kundizzjonijiet

1317
00:59:12,970 --> 00:59:14,750
minn din il-verżjoni.

1318
00:59:14,750 --> 00:59:17,692

1319
00:59:17,692 --> 00:59:18,400
ALLISON: biża.

1320
00:59:18,400 --> 00:59:20,580
Allura ħaġa oħra li nistgħu
tagħmel huwa dikjarazzjonijiet swiċċ.

1321
00:59:20,580 --> 00:59:23,104

1322
00:59:23,104 --> 00:59:25,270
Bażikament dikjarazzjoni swiċċ
jieħu f'xi varjabbli,

1323
00:59:25,270 --> 00:59:28,780
f'dan il-każ huwa n, u
jiddetermina f'liema każ biex tesegwixxi.

1324
00:59:28,780 --> 00:59:33,106
Allura dan huwa wkoll wieħed fejn każijiet tiegħek
għandu jkun it-tip ta 'reċiprokament esklussivi.

1325
00:59:33,106 --> 00:59:35,210

1326
00:59:35,210 --> 00:59:37,940
Allura f'dan il-każ, jekk
aħna irridu jiksbu wieħed, huwa

1327
00:59:37,940 --> 00:59:42,270
ser jaqblu kwalunkwe li
variable-- x'ikun il-valur ta 'n

1328
00:59:42,270 --> 00:59:48,700
huwa li wieħed minn dawn il-każijiet, hekk 1, 2, jew
3, u jistampa l-linja korrispondenti.

1329
00:59:48,700 --> 00:59:51,870
>> U mbagħad jekk tinnota hawnhekk,
aħna għandna wkoll default,

1330
00:59:51,870 --> 00:59:54,670
li inti tista 'taħseb ta' kif inkella tiegħek.

1331
00:59:54,670 --> 00:59:58,510
Mela jekk inti pick kwalunkwe numru ieħor
minbarra 1, 2, u 3 f'dan il-każ

1332
00:59:58,510 --> 00:59:59,885
huwa biss se jistampaw invalidi.

1333
00:59:59,885 --> 01:00:03,690

1334
01:00:03,690 --> 01:00:08,390
Jiddeċiedu meta jużaw IFs versus
jekk elses versus swiċċijiet va

1335
01:00:08,390 --> 01:00:12,590
tkun xi ħaġa li inti guys se
ara disinn għaqli kif inti tibda bil-miktub

1336
01:00:12,590 --> 01:00:15,270
programmi aktar ikkumplikati, u
M'hemm l-ebda regoli iebsin u veloċi

1337
01:00:15,270 --> 01:00:16,330
ta 'meta jużawhom.

1338
01:00:16,330 --> 01:00:17,890
Hija verament jiddependi fuq il-kuntest tiegħek.

1339
01:00:17,890 --> 01:00:18,590
>> ROB Bowden: U biss
li tarmi it out hemmhekk

1340
01:00:18,590 --> 01:00:20,131
peress li huwa sezzjoni aktar komda.

1341
01:00:20,131 --> 01:00:20,920

1342
01:00:20,920 --> 01:00:25,053
Swiċċijiet, dawn għandhom tendenza li
be-- hekk int limitat

1343
01:00:25,053 --> 01:00:27,430
fin-numru ta 'modi kif inti
tista 'tużahom, għaliex IFs,

1344
01:00:27,430 --> 01:00:30,100
il-kundizzjoni tista 'tkun pretty
ħafna xi ħaġa li trid.

1345
01:00:30,100 --> 01:00:33,410
Bl swiċċijiet-każijiet
għandhom ikunu n-numri,

1346
01:00:33,410 --> 01:00:37,770
jew teknikament jistgħu jkunu Chars, iżda
Chars, kif Ser naraw, huma numri biss.

1347
01:00:37,770 --> 01:00:44,250
Hekk dawn għandhom ikunu n-numri, iżda swiċċijiet
huma verament aktar effiċjenti milli kieku

1348
01:00:44,250 --> 01:00:50,060
inkella jekk inkella jekk, minħabba li, anki
tieħu l-eżempju before-- tajjeb,

1349
01:00:50,060 --> 01:00:51,486
l-eżempju grad jidher tajjeb.

1350
01:00:51,486 --> 01:00:52,550

1351
01:00:52,550 --> 01:00:57,080
>> Well ejja ngħidu hawnhekk, aħna minflok nagħmlu
dan bħala jekk inkella jekk inkella jekk ix-xenarju.

1352
01:00:57,080 --> 01:01:00,930
Mela jekk n ugwali ugwali 1,
jistampaw inti qabad numru baxx.

1353
01:01:00,930 --> 01:01:04,490
Jekk inkella jekk n ugwali ugwali 2,
inti qabad numru medju.

1354
01:01:04,490 --> 01:01:06,550
Else jekk ugwali ugwali 3, għolja.

1355
01:01:06,550 --> 01:01:08,060
Else invalidu.

1356
01:01:08,060 --> 01:01:09,820
>> Mela ejja ngħidu li kien ix-xenarju tagħna.

1357
01:01:09,820 --> 01:01:14,060
Mela ejja ngħidu aħna jidħol
4, hekk aħna nistennew invalida.

1358
01:01:14,060 --> 01:01:17,410
Il-mod li jekk inkella jekk inkella
jekk l-approċċ huwa sejjer jaħdem huwa

1359
01:01:17,410 --> 01:01:18,740
kontrolli l-ewwel kundizzjoni.

1360
01:01:18,740 --> 01:01:19,776
Mhuwiex sodisfatt.

1361
01:01:19,776 --> 01:01:21,150
Allura aħna jiċċekkjaw it-tieni kundizzjoni.

1362
01:01:21,150 --> 01:01:21,940
Mhuwiex sodisfatt.

1363
01:01:21,940 --> 01:01:23,023
Iċċekkja l-tielet kundizzjoni.

1364
01:01:23,023 --> 01:01:23,640
Mhux sodisfatt.

1365
01:01:23,640 --> 01:01:26,650
Allura immorru l-ieħor u jistampaw invalidu.

1366
01:01:26,650 --> 01:01:30,169
>> Il-mod ix-xogħlijiet swiċċ
huwa jikkompila isfel

1367
01:01:30,169 --> 01:01:31,960
fis-dak li aħna qed tmur
li jsejjaħ tabella qabża.

1368
01:01:31,960 --> 01:01:33,180

1369
01:01:33,180 --> 01:01:37,120
L-benesseri idea prinċipali
li meta inti tidħol 4,

1370
01:01:37,120 --> 01:01:39,090
din tista minnufih imorru l-inadempjenza.

1371
01:01:39,090 --> 01:01:41,460
Dan ma jeħtieġx li jiċċekkja am I każ 1?

1372
01:01:41,460 --> 01:01:42,350
Nope li mhux dan.

1373
01:01:42,350 --> 01:01:42,850
Każ 2?

1374
01:01:42,850 --> 01:01:43,240
Nope.

1375
01:01:43,240 --> 01:01:43,770
Kawża 3?

1376
01:01:43,770 --> 01:01:44,270
Nope.

1377
01:01:44,270 --> 01:01:45,090
Default.

1378
01:01:45,090 --> 01:01:47,610
OK, dan għandu jkun fejn I
trid, u mbagħad tesegwixxi dik.

1379
01:01:47,610 --> 01:01:49,590
Le, immedjatament jumps għall-inadempjenza.

1380
01:01:49,590 --> 01:01:51,900
Jew I tidħol 2, huwa
immedjatament se jmorru għall-2

1381
01:01:51,900 --> 01:01:54,060
mingħajr il-bżonn li jmorru permezz-każ 1.

1382
01:01:54,060 --> 01:01:57,820
>> Allura f'dan il-mod,
realistikament illum li l-

1383
01:01:57,820 --> 01:02:00,250
mhux li ħafna ta 'kisba fl-effiċjenza.

1384
01:02:00,250 --> 01:02:02,880
Normalment kompjuters huma pretty
fast, u li mhux li kbir.

1385
01:02:02,880 --> 01:02:07,270
Iżda huwa l-każ li
swiċċijiet huma aktar malajr.

1386
01:02:07,270 --> 01:02:10,380
Jekk int verament tipprova
biex jottimizzaw, uża swiċċ.

1387
01:02:10,380 --> 01:02:11,980

1388
01:02:11,980 --> 01:02:12,710
>> ALLISON: Kessaħ.

1389
01:02:12,710 --> 01:02:15,270
U allura għandna operatur ternarji.

1390
01:02:15,270 --> 01:02:19,470
So I know I imsemmi qabel
il-kelma zokkor sintattika.

1391
01:02:19,470 --> 01:02:24,160
Allura huwa biss affarijiet li jagħmlu
kodiċi tiegħek ħafna aktar konċiż.

1392
01:02:24,160 --> 01:02:25,590
Allura dan huwa wieħed minn dawk il-każijiet.

1393
01:02:25,590 --> 01:02:31,430
>> Allura operatur ternarji hija kwistjoni mark
kolon kif naraw fil-sekwenza linja

1394
01:02:31,430 --> 01:02:35,810
i huwa ugwali n akbar minn 100
kwistjoni mark baxx kolon għolja.

1395
01:02:35,810 --> 01:02:41,800
Allura bażikament kif taħdem din hija li huwa
ln akbar minn 100 hija kundizzjoni.

1396
01:02:41,800 --> 01:02:43,674
Hekk naħseb li tista 'tagħmel sens.

1397
01:02:43,674 --> 01:02:44,840
Huwa simili tistaqsi mistoqsija.

1398
01:02:44,840 --> 01:02:47,320
Huwa qal oh, huwa n akbar minn 100.

1399
01:02:47,320 --> 01:02:48,340
Min jaf?

1400
01:02:48,340 --> 01:02:50,750
U jekk tevalwa li
veru, li għaddej biex jagħtuk

1401
01:02:50,750 --> 01:02:54,270
l-ewwel ħaġa li l-
elenkati hemmhekk, li huwa għoli.

1402
01:02:54,270 --> 01:02:55,840
Inkella li għaddej biex jagħtuk baxx.

1403
01:02:55,840 --> 01:03:01,210
Allura dan huwa biss verament sempliċi u
mod effiċjenti biex tagħmel bħal jekk inkella.

1404
01:03:01,210 --> 01:03:02,780
C'est dan kollu huwa.

1405
01:03:02,780 --> 01:03:07,450
>> U jekk konna biex tikteb din
bħala jekk inkella kondizzjonali,

1406
01:03:07,450 --> 01:03:12,480
ikun jekk n hija akbar
minn 100, ritorn għolja.

1407
01:03:12,480 --> 01:03:14,220
Else, ritorn baxx.

1408
01:03:14,220 --> 01:03:17,570
Dan huwa biss ħafna aktar
konċiż tal-kitba dan.

1409
01:03:17,570 --> 01:03:27,090
>> ROB Bowden: Allura dan l-eżempju partikolari
huwa kull meta inti qed tagħmel xi ħaġa

1410
01:03:27,090 --> 01:03:30,190
bħal dan, dan huwa l-mudell
fejn I użu ternarji spiss ħafna.

1411
01:03:30,190 --> 01:03:31,540

1412
01:03:31,540 --> 01:03:35,460
Allura aħna ma tkellem dwar kamp għadhom,
imma ddejjaqni jaraw string s virgola.

1413
01:03:35,460 --> 01:03:39,150
Jekk n akbar minn 100, s ugwali għolja.

1414
01:03:39,150 --> 01:03:40,660
Else, i ugwali baxx.

1415
01:03:40,660 --> 01:03:45,070
Allura li mudell, dawk il-ħames linji
tal-kodiċi litteralment 100% tal-ħin

1416
01:03:45,070 --> 01:03:49,800
jistgħu jiġu trasferiti fil dak
kien up hemm ma 'ternarji.

1417
01:03:49,800 --> 01:03:52,340
Allura l-tlett fibri, linja waħda tal-kodiċi.

1418
01:03:52,340 --> 01:03:54,640
Il jekk inkella, ħamsa.

1419
01:03:54,640 --> 01:03:56,910
C'est eżempju I punt
barra kull wieħed ħin.

1420
01:03:56,910 --> 01:03:59,250
Dan il-post kbir kieku
għal operatur ternarji.

1421
01:03:59,250 --> 01:04:00,647
Huwa hekk nadif.

1422
01:04:00,647 --> 01:04:01,980
Iżda n-nies għandhom tendenza li qatt tużah.

1423
01:04:01,980 --> 01:04:06,140

1424
01:04:06,140 --> 01:04:08,030
>> ALLISON: Ħu bogħod Gabe.

1425
01:04:08,030 --> 01:04:11,110
>> GABRIEL: Allura issa inti guys kollha
tgħallmu fil lecture din il-ġimgħa

1426
01:04:11,110 --> 01:04:13,420
li kollox fil-
kompjuter huwa binarju, id-dritt?

1427
01:04:13,420 --> 01:04:14,570
Eżatt bħal-lampi hawn.

1428
01:04:14,570 --> 01:04:16,492
Inti jista 'jkun jew jinxtegħlu u jintfew.

1429
01:04:16,492 --> 01:04:18,450
U mill kollox, I tfisser
litteralment kollox.

1430
01:04:18,450 --> 01:04:24,272
Xi numri, u Chars, u kordi,
u anki l-kodiċi li tikteb meta

1431
01:04:24,272 --> 01:04:26,480
jiġrilha ikkumpilata għall-magna
kodiċi u għalf bħal dik,

1432
01:04:26,480 --> 01:04:29,230
hekk hija kollha jeħodna għal 0 u 1 ".

1433
01:04:29,230 --> 01:04:34,540
>> U hekk meta aħna qed jittrattaw
ma interi, li

1434
01:04:34,540 --> 01:04:38,000
hija xi ħaġa li teknikament ħafna
sempliċi, għandna nkunu kapaċi li jagħmlu Jittieħed

1435
01:04:38,000 --> 01:04:40,630
bħal żiedhom, li hija
probabilment waħda mill-affarijiet sempliċi

1436
01:04:40,630 --> 01:04:42,300
inti tista 'tagħmel għal żewġ interi, id-dritt?

1437
01:04:42,300 --> 01:04:47,410
Allura żieda u tnaqqis xogħlijiet biss
bħal din taħdem fil notazzjoni deċimali,

1438
01:04:47,410 --> 01:04:50,780
ħlief here huwa binarju, id-dritt?

1439
01:04:50,780 --> 01:04:52,090
Allura huwa fil-bażi tnejn.

1440
01:04:52,090 --> 01:04:54,070
Allura żid 1 flimkien ma '1.

1441
01:04:54,070 --> 01:04:57,020
Li jagħti 0, u 1 twettaq matul.

1442
01:04:57,020 --> 01:05:01,335
U biss iżommu tagħmel dan, Allura issa
tidħol il-kwistjoni aktar interessanti.

1443
01:05:01,335 --> 01:05:03,730

1444
01:05:03,730 --> 01:05:07,710
>> Nafu kif jirrappreżentaw kollha
interi pożittivi fil-kompjuter,

1445
01:05:07,710 --> 01:05:09,870
imma ejja jagħmlu din eżerċizzju.

1446
01:05:09,870 --> 01:05:15,240
Nippretendu inti guys huma kollha fl-1960 jew
xi ħaġa tipprova toħloq kompjuter,

1447
01:05:15,240 --> 01:05:19,950
u inti għandek toħroġ ta '
mod ta 'ħażna minus 1,

1448
01:05:19,950 --> 01:05:22,554
per eżempju, jew nieqes kull
numru sħiħ għal dik il-kwistjoni.

1449
01:05:22,554 --> 01:05:23,470
Kif inti tagħmel dan?

1450
01:05:23,470 --> 01:05:27,820

1451
01:05:27,820 --> 01:05:29,220
Xi ideat?

1452
01:05:29,220 --> 01:05:31,302
Just tarmi xi ħaġa fil lili.

1453
01:05:31,302 --> 01:05:32,264
Iva?

1454
01:05:32,264 --> 01:05:39,480
>> UDJENZA: [inaudible] jinnominaw
speċjali jekk tiegħek [inaudible].

1455
01:05:39,480 --> 01:05:42,590
>> GABRIEL: Tista 'jinnomina
bit speċjali, li se jkun ta '0 jew 1.

1456
01:05:42,590 --> 01:05:45,590
Ejja ngħidu wieħed jekk huwa pożittiv
u 0 jekk huwa negattiv.

1457
01:05:45,590 --> 01:05:48,171
U allura l-bqija tal-bit
huwa biss li jaħżen in-numru.

1458
01:05:48,171 --> 01:05:48,670
Kessaħ.

1459
01:05:48,670 --> 01:05:49,990
Allura li hija idea tajba ħafna.

1460
01:05:49,990 --> 01:05:51,550
Għandna, I do not know, 200.

1461
01:05:51,550 --> 01:05:54,720
U jekk l-ewwel bit hija
mdawwar fuq, allura huwa plus 200.

1462
01:05:54,720 --> 01:05:57,270
Jekk huwa mitfi, huwa nieqes 200.

1463
01:05:57,270 --> 01:05:58,380
Kessaħ.

1464
01:05:58,380 --> 01:06:01,350
>> Hemm biss wieħed żgħir
problema ma 'dan,

1465
01:06:01,350 --> 01:06:05,370
li hija jekk nippruvaw biex qosor affarijiet up.

1466
01:06:05,370 --> 01:06:18,910
Allura immaġina għandna 11111 hawn, u
aħna qed jingħaddu din ma 00,100 x'ikun.

1467
01:06:18,910 --> 01:06:21,630
Jekk dawn iż-żewġ huma pożittivi, li l-multa.

1468
01:06:21,630 --> 01:06:24,470
Iżda mbagħad jekk wieħed
minnhom hija negattiva, bħal

1469
01:06:24,470 --> 01:06:27,410
ejja ngħidu li din id-daqsxejn hawn
huwa dak li l-responsabbli

1470
01:06:27,410 --> 01:06:31,390
for-- Jien ser tagħmel separate--
għalhekk dan wieħed ifisser li dan in-numru hawn

1471
01:06:31,390 --> 01:06:31,970
huwa pożittiv.

1472
01:06:31,970 --> 01:06:34,450
Dan wieħed ifisser li din
Numru hawnhekk huwa negattiv, id-dritt?

1473
01:06:34,450 --> 01:06:37,010
>> Imma mbagħad meta int
tmur qosor minnhom, inti

1474
01:06:37,010 --> 01:06:40,180
bżonn jekk dikjarazzjoni
qal oh jekk dan huwa ta '0,

1475
01:06:40,180 --> 01:06:43,479
allura somma tiegħi se tkun
xi ħaġa differenti, id-dritt?

1476
01:06:43,479 --> 01:06:45,270
Allura hemm kemmxejn
mod aktar għaqlija li tagħmel

1477
01:06:45,270 --> 01:06:48,520
li, li hija imsejħa jikkumplimentaw tnejn tal.

1478
01:06:48,520 --> 01:06:52,350
Allura bażikament dak li aħna
tagħmel huwa niddefinixxu minus 1

1479
01:06:52,350 --> 01:06:57,250
li jkun il-ħaġa li jekk
aħna żid sa 1 tagħtina 0.

1480
01:06:57,250 --> 01:06:59,470

1481
01:06:59,470 --> 01:07:00,860
Let me jirrepetu dak.

1482
01:07:00,860 --> 01:07:03,280
Mela ejja ngħidu li dan hawnhekk huwa 1.

1483
01:07:03,280 --> 01:07:08,110

1484
01:07:08,110 --> 01:07:13,570
X'inhu l-ħaġa li
b'mod naturali fil interi pożittivi

1485
01:07:13,570 --> 01:07:15,570
jiżdied ma 'dak tagħtina 0?

1486
01:07:15,570 --> 01:07:19,150

1487
01:07:19,150 --> 01:07:21,030
X'jiġri jekk nippruvaw iżżidhiex dan in-numru?

1488
01:07:21,030 --> 01:07:22,830

1489
01:07:22,830 --> 01:07:28,032
Aħna qed tmur biex have-- OK, so ejja żid.

1490
01:07:28,032 --> 01:07:32,820

1491
01:07:32,820 --> 01:07:38,065
Aħna qed tmur biex ikollhom 1 plus 1
huwa ta '0, u mbagħad twettaq fuq.

1492
01:07:38,065 --> 01:07:40,160

1493
01:07:40,160 --> 01:07:45,490
U allura aħna qed tmur biex tikseb 0 darb'oħra.

1494
01:07:45,490 --> 01:07:47,730

1495
01:07:47,730 --> 01:07:48,820
Jien jkollna konfuż.

1496
01:07:48,820 --> 01:07:51,670
U int se tikseb 0 u
0 u 0 u 0 u 0 u 0.

1497
01:07:51,670 --> 01:07:52,450
Lottijiet ta '0 tal.

1498
01:07:52,450 --> 01:07:56,240
>> Fl-aħħar waħda, aħna mhux qed
ser tkun tista 'twettaq dan matul,

1499
01:07:56,240 --> 01:07:59,614
għaliex ejja ngħidu aħna qed jittratta biss
ma byte wieħed, hekk biss 8 bits.

1500
01:07:59,614 --> 01:08:02,780
Allura dak li l-kompjuter ma kontumaċja
huwa biss jinsa dwar dan [inaudible],

1501
01:08:02,780 --> 01:08:03,279
OK?

1502
01:08:03,279 --> 01:08:04,530

1503
01:08:04,530 --> 01:08:06,880
Allura dan huwa dak li jissejjaħ
it-tnejn tal-komplement.

1504
01:08:06,880 --> 01:08:15,180
Aħna sempliċiment jiddefinixxu minus 1 biex tkun il-
ħaġa hawn li jekk inti żid li biex 1

1505
01:08:15,180 --> 01:08:15,995
kieku jtik 0.

1506
01:08:15,995 --> 01:08:17,609

1507
01:08:17,609 --> 01:08:20,180
U li pretty jibred
għaliex aħna ma verament

1508
01:08:20,180 --> 01:08:24,090
bżonn tard biex jimplimentaw
tip differenti ta 'somma

1509
01:08:24,090 --> 01:08:26,590
jiddependi fuq jekk thats
negattiv jew numru pożittiv.

1510
01:08:26,590 --> 01:08:27,465
Ma li jagħmel sens?

1511
01:08:27,465 --> 01:08:28,740

1512
01:08:28,740 --> 01:08:32,370
>> Ħaġa hekk waħda li nagħmlu
hawn biex jikkonvertu

1513
01:08:32,370 --> 01:08:38,550
bejn impatt pożittiv u negattiv
integer huwa mbagħad aħna flip kollox,

1514
01:08:38,550 --> 01:08:40,930
u allura aħna żid 1 sa dak in-numru.

1515
01:08:40,930 --> 01:08:43,140
Jekk inti tipprova tagħmel it yourself
fuq biċċa karta,

1516
01:08:43,140 --> 01:08:44,681
int ser tara li jagħmel sens.

1517
01:08:44,681 --> 01:08:51,000
Imma jekk I jieħdu dan in-numru
hawnhekk, dan huwa ħamsa.

1518
01:08:51,000 --> 01:08:54,859
Hekk jekk I flip kollox
hawn, hekk 1, 1, 1, 1, 1.

1519
01:08:54,859 --> 01:08:55,880

1520
01:08:55,880 --> 01:08:57,830
Flip, flip, flip.

1521
01:08:57,830 --> 01:09:00,130
U mbagħad I żid 1 miegħu.

1522
01:09:00,130 --> 01:09:02,750
Jien ser ikollhom eżattament minus 5.

1523
01:09:02,750 --> 01:09:03,250
OK?

1524
01:09:03,250 --> 01:09:06,220
>> Dan it-tip ta 'jagħmel sens għaliex jekk
inti tipprova somma dan ma 'l-għadd

1525
01:09:06,220 --> 01:09:10,229
li kellna qabel, li
was-- ejja flip dan mill-ġdid.

1526
01:09:10,229 --> 01:09:12,999
Kien 101 u lottijiet ta '0 tal.

1527
01:09:12,999 --> 01:09:13,795

1528
01:09:13,795 --> 01:09:15,670
Jekk inti tipprova żżid dawn
żewġ numri flimkien,

1529
01:09:15,670 --> 01:09:16,961
int se jkollhom eżattament 0.

1530
01:09:16,961 --> 01:09:18,920

1531
01:09:18,920 --> 01:09:19,460
OK.

1532
01:09:19,460 --> 01:09:19,884
Kwalunkwe mistoqsijiet?

1533
01:09:19,884 --> 01:09:20,759
>> UDJENZA: [inaudible]

1534
01:09:20,759 --> 01:09:25,790

1535
01:09:25,790 --> 01:09:27,280
>> GABRIEL: X'tifhem?

1536
01:09:27,280 --> 01:09:29,240
>> UDJENZA: Negative biex
pożittiva [inaudible].

1537
01:09:29,240 --> 01:09:33,215
>> GABRIEL: Le, inti flip
u inti żid 1 dejjem.

1538
01:09:33,215 --> 01:09:34,081

1539
01:09:34,081 --> 01:09:34,580
Yeah.

1540
01:09:34,580 --> 01:09:36,910

1541
01:09:36,910 --> 01:09:39,680
OK, hekk karattri encoded wkoll binaries.

1542
01:09:39,680 --> 01:09:42,649
Għandna tabella ASCII, kif inti
raw ukoll lecture, id-dritt?

1543
01:09:42,649 --> 01:09:45,040
Allura huwa bażikament immappjar ta 'affarijiet.

1544
01:09:45,040 --> 01:09:50,960
U hawn I ma jistax jenfasizza biżżejjed
li għal kompjuter, u 65

1545
01:09:50,960 --> 01:09:52,770
litteralment l-istess ħaġa.

1546
01:09:52,770 --> 01:10:03,430
Hekk jekk nikteb xi ħaġa bħal char c
huwa ugwali għal, I jistgħu fl-istess ħin

1547
01:10:03,430 --> 01:10:06,890
biss jiktbu 65 hawn, u
tkun eżattament l-istess, OK?

1548
01:10:06,890 --> 01:10:08,470
M'hemm l-ebda differenza tkun xi tkun.

1549
01:10:08,470 --> 01:10:12,420
>> Aħna normalment tendenza li tpoġġi
karattri fit-varjabbli tat-tip.

1550
01:10:12,420 --> 01:10:16,770
Char, mhux għaliex qed essenzjalment
magħmula għal dan, iżda minħabba

1551
01:10:16,770 --> 01:10:18,050
ta 'konvenzjoni tal-bniedem.

1552
01:10:18,050 --> 01:10:22,410
Imma int tista 'biss jittrattaw interi
minflok varjabbli ta char tip,

1553
01:10:22,410 --> 01:10:23,490
u tkun taf tkun multa.

1554
01:10:23,490 --> 01:10:28,410
L-unika differenza attwali
bejn c char u i int

1555
01:10:28,410 --> 01:10:31,960
hija li int għandu erba 'bytes fil-maġġoranza
sistemi, filwaqt li char għandha byte wieħed.

1556
01:10:31,960 --> 01:10:33,070

1557
01:10:33,070 --> 01:10:35,460
Huma qed essenzjalment l-
istess ħaġa f'termini ta 'data.

1558
01:10:35,460 --> 01:10:36,990

1559
01:10:36,990 --> 01:10:37,990
Allura x'se print hawn?

1560
01:10:37,990 --> 01:10:43,780
Hawnhekk aħna qed istampar ċifri jużaw printf
bil plus 1, u bħad interi,

1561
01:10:43,780 --> 01:10:46,240
Chars jistgħu jingħataw f'sinteżi, hekk
karattri jistgħu wkoll jiġu mqassra.

1562
01:10:46,240 --> 01:10:47,890
Allura dan huwa eżattament 65.

1563
01:10:47,890 --> 01:10:49,950
Allura hemm għaddej li jkun
66, u hawnhekk għandna

1564
01:10:49,950 --> 01:10:56,860
65 plus ftit big A nieqes,
li se tkun, I do not know verament.

1565
01:10:56,860 --> 01:11:00,900
Iżda se jkun eżattament l-vojt
bejn l-ittri kapitali

1566
01:11:00,900 --> 01:11:07,800
uu l-ittri iżgħar, hekk
aħna qed tmur biex tikseb żgħar, id-dritt?

1567
01:11:07,800 --> 01:11:08,300
Yeah.

1568
01:11:08,300 --> 01:11:11,740
Allura dan se jistampaw
karattru li huwa eżattament dan wieħed.

1569
01:11:11,740 --> 01:11:12,260
Tajba?

1570
01:11:12,260 --> 01:11:12,860
Kwalunkwe mistoqsijiet?

1571
01:11:12,860 --> 01:11:16,320

1572
01:11:16,320 --> 01:11:19,430
>> Hawnhekk għandna mazz ta 'differenti
tipi għas-varjabbli numeriċi.

1573
01:11:19,430 --> 01:11:20,620
Aħna diġà jitkellmu dwar int.

1574
01:11:20,620 --> 01:11:21,740

1575
01:11:21,740 --> 01:11:27,760
Float huwa biss mod to-- dan huwa verament
umoristiċi, għaliex meta I ewwel tgħallmu

1576
01:11:27,760 --> 01:11:32,320
għall-programm lura fil-ġurnata ma '
Python, l-ewwel programm I qatt

1577
01:11:32,320 --> 01:11:37,480
ppruvaw jiktbu, I raw li kien hemm
tip msejħa u tip imsejjaħ float.

1578
01:11:37,480 --> 01:11:39,800
U l-float kienet għal numri reali.

1579
01:11:39,800 --> 01:11:43,290
Mela allura I staqsa għaliex għandu
I qatt tuża int allura?

1580
01:11:43,290 --> 01:11:45,590
Għaliex jekk I jistgħu jużaw kollha
numri reali ma 'float,

1581
01:11:45,590 --> 01:11:47,120
Nixtieq biss tieqaf tuża ints, id-dritt?

1582
01:11:47,120 --> 01:11:49,550
Minħabba numri reali huma
ferm simili aktar ġeneriku.

1583
01:11:49,550 --> 01:11:51,820

1584
01:11:51,820 --> 01:11:54,060
>> Jirriżulta li dan huwa
mhux il-każ fil-kompjuters

1585
01:11:54,060 --> 01:11:58,480
għaliex qed essenzjalment
affarijiet differenti.

1586
01:11:58,480 --> 01:12:01,470
Allura interi u sufruni, l-
operazzjonijiet li inti tagħmel lilhom

1587
01:12:01,470 --> 01:12:04,739
huma essenzjalment differenti minħabba
tal-mod li huma maħżuna, OK?

1588
01:12:04,739 --> 01:12:07,280
Aħna qed tmur biex jitkellmu ftit
daqsxejn aktar dwar dan fit-tieni.

1589
01:12:07,280 --> 01:12:09,110
>> Allura doppja huwa biss float akbar.

1590
01:12:09,110 --> 01:12:12,830
Normalment f'ħafna sistemi, float
huwa erba 'bytes, biss bħal int.

1591
01:12:12,830 --> 01:12:15,440
U doppja hija tmien bytes.

1592
01:12:15,440 --> 01:12:21,450
A twil twil huwa attwalment biss simbolu
li inti tehmeż għal tip simili int.

1593
01:12:21,450 --> 01:12:24,040
You say twil twil int bħal dan.

1594
01:12:24,040 --> 01:12:28,550
Long int twil x li jagħmilha itwal.

1595
01:12:28,550 --> 01:12:32,310
Hekk f'ħafna sistemi, li se jagħti
tmien bytes minflok il-soltu erba.

1596
01:12:32,310 --> 01:12:35,620
U inti tista 'attwalment qatra l-
fil, u għalhekk jista 'biss jgħidu twil twil,

1597
01:12:35,620 --> 01:12:37,240
u li jaħdem wisq, OK?

1598
01:12:37,240 --> 01:12:42,850
Tista 'wkoll tagħmel affarijiet oħra bħal
int mhux iffirmat, jew għal darb'oħra sempliċiment mhux iffirmat

1599
01:12:42,850 --> 01:12:43,680
se taħdem ukoll.

1600
01:12:43,680 --> 01:12:49,370
U li tagħmel x 'jkun fattur varjabbli
bħal kollox huwa pożittiv,

1601
01:12:49,370 --> 01:12:53,231
sabiex inti ma tistax verament ikollhom negattiv
numri fil-mod li rajna up here.

1602
01:12:53,231 --> 01:12:56,484

1603
01:12:56,484 --> 01:12:58,650
Allura wara isbaħ
punt u preċiżjoni floating.

1604
01:12:58,650 --> 01:13:01,890
Din kienet waħda mir-raġunijiet għaliex inti
tixtieq li tuża ints minflok sufruni,

1605
01:13:01,890 --> 01:13:04,370
minħabba ints huma 100% preċiżi, id-dritt?

1606
01:13:04,370 --> 01:13:06,170
Huwa eżattament dak in-numru.

1607
01:13:06,170 --> 01:13:11,910
Għall-punti f'wiċċ l-ilma, jekk inti
jgħidu tweġiba ugwali 1 fuq 10--

1608
01:13:11,910 --> 01:13:14,690
I jiġri li jkollhom din eżatta
programm hawn, float.c.

1609
01:13:14,690 --> 01:13:16,390

1610
01:13:16,390 --> 01:13:19,420
Li prints għal 20 postijiet deċimali.

1611
01:13:19,420 --> 01:13:23,270
1 maqsum f'10, u li
normalment hija 0.1, id-dritt?

1612
01:13:23,270 --> 01:13:27,910
Imma hawn jekk nagħmlu
float u allura aħna run,

1613
01:13:27,910 --> 01:13:30,320
naraw li mhuwiex eżattament 0.1.

1614
01:13:30,320 --> 01:13:33,570
Hija 0.149 xi ħaġa.

1615
01:13:33,570 --> 01:13:35,570
>> U għaliex huwa li?

1616
01:13:35,570 --> 01:13:40,390
Għaliex inti ma tistax verament tirrappreżenta kull
numru reali possibbli uniku fil-memorja

1617
01:13:40,390 --> 01:13:42,730
għaliex hemm
uncountably ħafna minnhom.

1618
01:13:42,730 --> 01:13:48,360
Allura aħna qed teknikament kapaċi biss li
jirrappreżentaw ammont finit ta 'minnhom

1619
01:13:48,360 --> 01:13:50,470
ma 'ammont finit ta' data.

1620
01:13:50,470 --> 01:13:52,050
Imma huwa verament interessanti.

1621
01:13:52,050 --> 01:13:54,920
Issa dan iqajjem il-
kwistjoni ta 'kif inti

1622
01:13:54,920 --> 01:13:59,299
go dwar jirrappreżentaw
dan ma 'bits, id-dritt?

1623
01:13:59,299 --> 01:14:00,340
Allura kif huma flowts maħżuna?

1624
01:14:00,340 --> 01:14:01,970

1625
01:14:01,970 --> 01:14:03,730
Bil interi li kien faċli.

1626
01:14:03,730 --> 01:14:06,690
Iżda ma sufruni trid
biex timmassimizza l-firxa,

1627
01:14:06,690 --> 01:14:10,530
u inti tixtieq li tkun kapaċi li jirrappreżentaw
numri enormi u n-numri żgħar ħafna bħal

1628
01:14:10,530 --> 01:14:14,210
0.000001 fl-istess ħin.

1629
01:14:14,210 --> 01:14:15,180
Għalhekk għal darb'oħra, l-istess logħba.

1630
01:14:15,180 --> 01:14:20,470
Ħadd ma jkollu ebda idea kif nistgħu
go dwar jirrappreżentaw float fil-memorja?

1631
01:14:20,470 --> 01:14:26,820

1632
01:14:26,820 --> 01:14:27,970
Just tarmi xejn.

1633
01:14:27,970 --> 01:14:29,930

1634
01:14:29,930 --> 01:14:30,856
Iva, jekk jogħġbok.

1635
01:14:30,856 --> 01:14:33,552
>> UDJENZA: [inaudible] bħala
jekk kien żewġ ints u wieħed

1636
01:14:33,552 --> 01:14:36,890
huwa l-[inaudible] u wieħed benesseri
kollox wara l-punt deċimali.

1637
01:14:36,890 --> 01:14:37,640
GABRIEL: OK, berred.

1638
01:14:37,640 --> 01:14:40,300
Allura żewġ numri interi differenti.

1639
01:14:40,300 --> 01:14:45,260
Inti jista 'jkollhom 12.45, b'tali mod li 12 u 45.

1640
01:14:45,260 --> 01:14:45,890
Nizza.

1641
01:14:45,890 --> 01:14:46,973
Dak ere inti ser tg?

1642
01:14:46,973 --> 01:14:48,420

1643
01:14:48,420 --> 01:14:49,430
L-istess ħaġa?

1644
01:14:49,430 --> 01:14:49,930
Yeah?

1645
01:14:49,930 --> 01:14:55,630
>> UDJENZA: [inaudible] notazzjoni
fejn inti separati l-bażi.

1646
01:14:55,630 --> 01:14:58,910
>> GABRIEL: notazzjoni Xjentifiku,
yeah dan huwa normalment x'jiġri.

1647
01:14:58,910 --> 01:15:01,350
Allura dan huwa dak li jissejjaħ il-mantissa.

1648
01:15:01,350 --> 01:15:06,490
Dak hu huwa effettivament il-
numru, u allura l-esponent

1649
01:15:06,490 --> 01:15:08,780
huwa biss meta l-virgola, id-dritt?

1650
01:15:08,780 --> 01:15:13,720
Allura dan se jkun xi ħaġa
tal-formola 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 darbiet 10

1651
01:15:13,720 --> 01:15:15,000
għall-minus 4.

1652
01:15:15,000 --> 01:15:17,800
I biss realizzati that-- yeah, eżattament.

1653
01:15:17,800 --> 01:15:23,372
U allura dan 10 għall-nieqes 4 huwa
ser jiddefinixxu fejn il-virgola hija, OK?

1654
01:15:23,372 --> 01:15:24,330
Fil-Brażil nużaw comma.

1655
01:15:24,330 --> 01:15:26,795
Hawnhekk inti guys jużaw dot.

1656
01:15:26,795 --> 01:15:27,640
Allura dot.

1657
01:15:27,640 --> 01:15:28,860

1658
01:15:28,860 --> 01:15:34,840
>> U dan huwa jibred, għaliex imbagħad inti tista
tiffoka lottijiet ta 'bits tiegħek fuq dan Guy

1659
01:15:34,840 --> 01:15:40,863
hawn, fuq il-mantissa, u allura li
se tkun preċiżjoni attwali tiegħek.

1660
01:15:40,863 --> 01:15:41,920

1661
01:15:41,920 --> 01:15:47,175
U inti tista 'tagħmel dan jew fil deċimali
jew fis-sistema bbażata binarja.

1662
01:15:47,175 --> 01:15:49,781
Hemm differenti
modi biex jimplimentaw dan.

1663
01:15:49,781 --> 01:15:50,280
Mistoqsijiet?

1664
01:15:50,280 --> 01:15:55,918

1665
01:15:55,918 --> 01:15:56,418
Iva?

1666
01:15:56,418 --> 01:15:57,508

1667
01:15:57,508 --> 01:15:59,841
UDJENZA: Kemm postijiet
wara l-deċimali [inaudible]?

1668
01:15:59,841 --> 01:16:05,240

1669
01:16:05,240 --> 01:16:12,610
>> GABRIEL: Li l-kwistjoni kkumplikata,
għaliex dan huwa qatt verament 100% preċiża,

1670
01:16:12,610 --> 01:16:15,680
għaliex kif inti tara hawn, għal
xi numri huwa 100% preċiża.

1671
01:16:15,680 --> 01:16:20,350
Nemmen jekk npoġġux 0.5 hawn,
li għaddej biex tkun ta '100% preċiża.

1672
01:16:20,350 --> 01:16:22,220
Li għaddej biex tkun 0.500000.

1673
01:16:22,220 --> 01:16:24,170
Allura f'dak il-każ, huwa perfett.

1674
01:16:24,170 --> 01:16:27,330
Iżda f'każijiet oħrajn,
huwa ħafna inqas perfetta.

1675
01:16:27,330 --> 01:16:35,010
Fl-esperjenza tiegħi, bħal sa erbgħa,
ħames postijiet deċimali hija pjuttost preċiża.

1676
01:16:35,010 --> 01:16:38,300
Jekk inti tuża doppja, li għaddej biex
jkun mod aktar preċiż minn dak, OK?

1677
01:16:38,300 --> 01:16:42,750
>> ROB Bowden: Allura biss biex tarmi
xi kuntest aktar fuq sufruni,

1678
01:16:42,750 --> 01:16:46,320
I qatt remember 100% kif il-
spec ta sufruni attwalment xogħlijiet,

1679
01:16:46,320 --> 01:16:52,660
imma I do inti dejjem tiftakar
li sufruni jibda jkollna messy.

1680
01:16:52,660 --> 01:16:55,460

1681
01:16:55,460 --> 01:17:00,930
Allura l-idea hija li meta ikollok tassew,
verament numri kbar jew tassew, tassew

1682
01:17:00,930 --> 01:17:03,470
numri żgħar, nibdew
jkollna agħar u agħar

1683
01:17:03,470 --> 01:17:05,860
fil jiddifferenzjaw
bejn żewġ sufruni qrib.

1684
01:17:05,860 --> 01:17:09,180
>> Allura kif I simili biex jaħsbu dwar huwa
mal floating punt impreċiżjoni,

1685
01:17:09,180 --> 01:17:11,890
hemm żewġ sufruni li
jekk I tipprova tispeċifika lilhom

1686
01:17:11,890 --> 01:17:15,150
fis-C, minkejja l-fatt li
dawn qed numri differenti,

1687
01:17:15,150 --> 01:17:17,340
dawn qed tmur biex tkun
interpretat bħala l-istess numru,

1688
01:17:17,340 --> 01:17:19,006
għaliex ma nistgħux jaħżinhom differenti.

1689
01:17:19,006 --> 01:17:20,540
Jeħtiġilna nużaw l-istess bits.

1690
01:17:20,540 --> 01:17:23,220
U hekk meta aħna nikseb biex
tassew, tassew numri kbar,

1691
01:17:23,220 --> 01:17:28,460
tkellem bħall 10 għall-300 jew
xi ħaġa, huwa f'dak il-punt

1692
01:17:28,460 --> 01:17:33,240
li 10 għall-300 jew
5 darbiet 10 għall-300

1693
01:17:33,240 --> 01:17:37,020
ma jista 'jiġi differenzjat
minn 7 darbiet 10 għall-300.

1694
01:17:37,020 --> 01:17:39,660
Allura li differenza pretty big
bejn iż-żewġ numri.

1695
01:17:39,660 --> 01:17:43,830
>> Imma mbagħad meta ikollok isfel
għall-affarijiet normali firxa,

1696
01:17:43,830 --> 01:17:45,770
inti għandek tendenza li jkun pjuttost
tajba fil jiddifferenzjaw.

1697
01:17:45,770 --> 01:17:49,020
U mbagħad meta ikollok isfel verament żgħar,
int wkoll jkollna pretty bad darb'oħra.

1698
01:17:49,020 --> 01:17:52,529
Allura bħal mazz sħiħ ta '
0.0000, jiġrilha pretty bad.

1699
01:17:52,529 --> 01:17:53,820
GABRIEL: Yeah, so a quick nota.

1700
01:17:53,820 --> 01:17:54,670
Qatt tagħmel dan.

1701
01:17:54,670 --> 01:17:57,590
Qatt tipprova tqabbel
sufruni jużaw ugwali ndaqs,

1702
01:17:57,590 --> 01:18:02,800
minħabba li, anki jekk dawn qed kważi l-
istess, kważi l-istess mhuwiex l-istess.

1703
01:18:02,800 --> 01:18:06,360
Allura dak li inti normalment tagħmel huwa inti naqqas
minnhom, jieħdu l-valur assolut ta 'dak,

1704
01:18:06,360 --> 01:18:12,380
u ara jekk dan huwa iżgħar minn
0.0001 jew xi ħaġa bħal dik, OK?

1705
01:18:12,380 --> 01:18:12,880
U kessaħ.

1706
01:18:12,880 --> 01:18:16,630
Naf ħafna nies ikollhom
xi isfond fl Java,

1707
01:18:16,630 --> 01:18:19,700
speċjalment dawk li ma
Kompjuter xjenza AP, id-dritt?

1708
01:18:19,700 --> 01:18:23,630
U Java hija lingwa
dik ibbażata fuq C aktar,

1709
01:18:23,630 --> 01:18:26,570
hija għandha koppja differenzi kbar ħafna.

1710
01:18:26,570 --> 01:18:31,430
Iżda għall loops, u IfS, u għalf bħal
li, dawn qed kollha l-istess sintassi.

1711
01:18:31,430 --> 01:18:35,240
Għandi ftit programmi hawn biex juru din.

1712
01:18:35,240 --> 01:18:37,050
>> Hekk per eżempju, dinja bonjour sempliċi.

1713
01:18:37,050 --> 01:18:43,140

1714
01:18:43,140 --> 01:18:46,600
Dan huwa bonjour dinja fis-C, li inti
guys huma definittivament familjari ma ',

1715
01:18:46,600 --> 01:18:49,100
u dan u dan huwa wieħed fl Java.

1716
01:18:49,100 --> 01:18:53,100
Allura fl Java għandna dan
klassi pubbliku, Hello dinja,

1717
01:18:53,100 --> 01:18:57,050
u bla effett statiku pubbliku
args prinċipali, u string.

1718
01:18:57,050 --> 01:18:59,665
Il args string huma għaddejjin
li jidhru fl C ħafna dalwaqt.

1719
01:18:59,665 --> 01:19:00,740

1720
01:19:00,740 --> 01:19:01,990
Imma ejja ma jmorru hemm s'issa.

1721
01:19:01,990 --> 01:19:06,060
Dritt issa għandna null hawnhekk, li jfisser
li prinċipali ma tiġix jieħu ebda argument.

1722
01:19:06,060 --> 01:19:09,220
U allura għandna
println, il-u li l-

1723
01:19:09,220 --> 01:19:11,140
tip ta 'l-ekwivalenti għall-printf.

1724
01:19:11,140 --> 01:19:17,150
Hawnhekk aħna ma verament bżonn l-backslash
n għax ln print ma li għalik.

1725
01:19:17,150 --> 01:19:19,680
Hija tannetti l-backslash
n fl-aħħar tal-linja.

1726
01:19:19,680 --> 01:19:22,540

1727
01:19:22,540 --> 01:19:30,415
>> Imma jekk inti tmur fis
xi ħaġa bħal, inti

1728
01:19:30,415 --> 01:19:32,590
jista 'jara li dawn qed
pretty ħafna l-istess ħaġa.

1729
01:19:32,590 --> 01:19:37,390
Allura inizjalizzazzjoni, u l-
kondizzjoni, u l-aġġornament

1730
01:19:37,390 --> 01:19:42,050
is-- I qbiżt spazju here-- li qed
pretty ħafna l-istess ħaġa, ħlief Java

1731
01:19:42,050 --> 01:19:44,430
għandha bħala aktar livell għoli Jittieħed ftit.

1732
01:19:44,430 --> 01:19:46,010

1733
01:19:46,010 --> 01:19:49,610
Hawnhekk nistgħu nagħmlu plus I u
Java se awtomatikament

1734
01:19:49,610 --> 01:19:52,730
jagħmlu dan I hawnhekk, li hija
integer, fi string,

1735
01:19:52,730 --> 01:19:55,200
u mbagħad tehmeż l-
żewġ kordi flimkien.

1736
01:19:55,200 --> 01:19:57,570
Hawnhekk fil C rridu nagħmlu l-% & d.

1737
01:19:57,570 --> 01:20:15,310

1738
01:20:15,310 --> 01:20:18,170
Il-linja hawnhekk, il-għall-
jistenna eżattament l-istess.

1739
01:20:18,170 --> 01:20:37,760
>> U jekk inħarsu lejn jekk, l-IfS
wkoll ħarsa eżattament l-istess, id-dritt?

1740
01:20:37,760 --> 01:20:39,290

1741
01:20:39,290 --> 01:20:44,650
Allura l-differenzi kbar reali huma
f'dawk l-affarijiet li tara hawn.

1742
01:20:44,650 --> 01:20:47,530
Statiku pubbliku, null, u
allura klassi pubbliku jekk.

1743
01:20:47,530 --> 01:20:48,990

1744
01:20:48,990 --> 01:20:52,360
Allura Java għandha x'inhu
imsejħa magna virtwali.

1745
01:20:52,360 --> 01:20:53,560

1746
01:20:53,560 --> 01:21:00,150
U huwa bbażat ħafna ħafna fuq liema
huwa msejjaħ oġġett orjentata ipprogrammar,

1747
01:21:00,150 --> 01:21:04,120
li hija ħafna, komuni ħafna
paradigma għall-ipprogrammar llum.

1748
01:21:04,120 --> 01:21:10,870
U dan ħaġa klassi hija dak li tara,
xi ħaġa minn orjentazzjoni oġġett,

1749
01:21:10,870 --> 01:21:14,214
huwa inti toħloq klassi u allura inti
jistgħu jiksbu oġġetti minn dik il-klassi.

1750
01:21:14,214 --> 01:21:16,380
Aħna mhux qed tmur biex jitkellmu wisq
ħafna dwar li fil CS50,

1751
01:21:16,380 --> 01:21:18,213
iżda li definittivament
xi ħaġa verament jibred,

1752
01:21:18,213 --> 01:21:21,440
speċjalment jekk inti tixtieq li tmur fis
iżvilupp tal-web aktar sofistikati

1753
01:21:21,440 --> 01:21:24,050
fl-aħħar tal-kors,
bħall jissottomettu proġett finali tiegħek

1754
01:21:24,050 --> 01:21:26,430
u xi oqfsa sbieħ u l-għalf.

1755
01:21:26,430 --> 01:21:31,250
>> Allura bażikament l-idea hija li inti
ma jridux li jerġa 'jimplementa xi ħaġa,

1756
01:21:31,250 --> 01:21:36,330
sabiex inti toħloq xi ħaġa li
ġeneriċi ħafna, bħall-forma,

1757
01:21:36,330 --> 01:21:38,310
u allura inti toħloq
forom differenti minnha,

1758
01:21:38,310 --> 01:21:40,240
u mbagħad minn kull wieħed
dawn forom, inti toħloq

1759
01:21:40,240 --> 01:21:45,110
xi forom aktar speċifiċi fi tliet
dimensjonijiet jew xi ħaġa bħal dik.

1760
01:21:45,110 --> 01:21:48,799
U dawn ikollhom din il-ġerarkija huma
jirtu mill-oħrajn, hekk

1761
01:21:48,799 --> 01:21:51,840
funzjonijiet kollha u varjabbli kollha li
il-forma kbira hawn għandha, dawn kollha

1762
01:21:51,840 --> 01:21:54,110
ser ikollhom, u kollha ta 'dawn huma
ser ikollhom, u hekk u ibqa 'sejjer hekk.

1763
01:21:54,110 --> 01:21:55,640
Allura dak l-idea bażika.

1764
01:21:55,640 --> 01:21:59,170
>> C ma jkollux dan, iżda C ++
ma jkollhom dan it-tip ta 'karatteristika.

1765
01:21:59,170 --> 01:22:02,710
U Java hija influwenzata b'mod qawwi
billi orjentazzjoni oġġett,

1766
01:22:02,710 --> 01:22:05,310
b'tali mod li għalhekk inti tara
klassi hawn il-ħin kollu.

1767
01:22:05,310 --> 01:22:10,790
U l-ħaġa oħra hija
din il-magna Java virtwali.

1768
01:22:10,790 --> 01:22:13,790
Allura dan, naħseb, hija idea intelliġenti ħafna.

1769
01:22:13,790 --> 01:22:17,020
Allura dak li l-folks li
java ivvintat ma huwa

1770
01:22:17,020 --> 01:22:19,630
huma ma jridux
jikkompilaw kodiċi tagħhom darbtejn

1771
01:22:19,630 --> 01:22:23,990
kieku kellhom run fil-Windows,
jew Mac, Linux jew, hekk dak li jagħmlu

1772
01:22:23,990 --> 01:22:26,740
huwa huma litteralment run
xi ħaġa bħall-appliance,

1773
01:22:26,740 --> 01:22:29,630
imma inti ma verament tara dan jiġri.

1774
01:22:29,630 --> 01:22:32,430
Allura dawn run magna virtwali
ġewwa tal-kompjuter tiegħek, li

1775
01:22:32,430 --> 01:22:34,940
huwa bażikament simili
sistema operattiva mini.

1776
01:22:34,940 --> 01:22:37,920
U li operattiva
iskop tas-sistema fis-ħajja

1777
01:22:37,920 --> 01:22:41,430
huwa biss jiddekorri dak li jissejjaħ kodiċi byte.

1778
01:22:41,430 --> 01:22:47,411
>> Allura minflok fis-C, il-mod aħna kieku
jiġbor dan hu li tagħmel jekk, u mbagħad run

1779
01:22:47,411 --> 01:22:47,910
./if.

1780
01:22:47,910 --> 01:22:53,510

1781
01:22:53,510 --> 01:22:55,290
I nesa l-backslash fil.

1782
01:22:55,290 --> 01:23:00,240
Fl Java, inti tagħmel l-ewwel
Java C sa josservawha, if.c.

1783
01:23:00,240 --> 01:23:06,440

1784
01:23:06,440 --> 01:23:08,252
Mhuwiex C. Huwa dot java.

1785
01:23:08,252 --> 01:23:09,460

1786
01:23:09,460 --> 01:23:12,140
U allura inti għandek run ma ./.

1787
01:23:12,140 --> 01:23:15,440
Ikollok dan il-fajl ġdida
if.class, imma inti ma tistax verament

1788
01:23:15,440 --> 01:23:17,980
run if.class issa biss
bħal għamilna qabel.

1789
01:23:17,980 --> 01:23:19,440
Dan mhuwiex eżekutibbli.

1790
01:23:19,440 --> 01:23:20,630
Inti għandek jiddekorri.

1791
01:23:20,630 --> 01:23:23,410
Inti għandek għall-għalf fis
programm imsejjaħ Java,

1792
01:23:23,410 --> 01:23:28,260
u dak il-programm huwa l-magna virtwali,
u allura inti tagħmel if.class, jew jekk.

1793
01:23:28,260 --> 01:23:28,760
Iva.

1794
01:23:28,760 --> 01:23:30,890
U mbagħad taħdem.

1795
01:23:30,890 --> 01:23:33,740
OK hekk din hija tip ta 'l-
magna virtwali jiġri.

1796
01:23:33,740 --> 01:23:37,700
C ma jkollux li, hekk jekk I kellhom
tpoġġi dan il-programm fil-magna Windows,

1797
01:23:37,700 --> 01:23:40,516
ma tkunx taħdem fil C. Fil Java ma.

1798
01:23:40,516 --> 01:23:41,015
Mistoqsijiet?

1799
01:23:41,015 --> 01:23:43,430

1800
01:23:43,430 --> 01:23:44,030
Kessaħ.

1801
01:23:44,030 --> 01:23:47,160
C'est jekk għal sezzjoni super għal-lum.

1802
01:23:47,160 --> 01:23:49,462