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>> [Daqq tal-mużika]

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ISSA: Hello, dinja.

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Dan huwa CS50LIVE.

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Għandna tali episodju tajba għalik.

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Il-CEO ta 'YouTube, a
bug fl-Internet Explorer,

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l-agħar logħba video qatt qabel, u
vjaġġ qasam biex Valve Software.

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Iżda l-ewwel, vjaġġ għal Tokyo, il-Ġappun
fejn President Obama reċentement kellhom

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soccer ma 'ħabib tajjeb ta' mini.

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>> [VIDEO Daqq]

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-Ara naqra.

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Hu li jiċċaqalqu.

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>> -I jistgħu kick ballun futbol wisq.

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Here I go.

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>> -Ħej, xogħol tajjeb.

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>> [Video daqq END]

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DAVID: Hello, dinja.

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Jien hawn ma stess Colton Ogden CS50 tal.

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>> COLTON OGDEN: Hello, kulħadd.

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>> DAVID: U li inkella nistgħu
jkollhom magħna hawn illum?

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>> COLTON OGDEN: Dan huwa Issa, tagħna
ftit buddy robotiku minn Franza.

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DAVID: So I attwalment sodisfatti NO
flimkien [? Rob Boden?]

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meta hu u I kienu fil Atlanta,
Georgia ftit ġimgħat lura

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kif inti tista 'tfakkar fil-
SIGCSE, l-Interessi Speċjali

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Grupp għall-Computer Science Edukazzjoni,
fejn litteralment mixi madwar

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l-art kamra tal-konferenzi kien dan Guy.

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Ukoll jirriżulta, meta
aħna daħal lura għall-kampus

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sirna nafu li l-professur
[Inaudible] tal robotika lab Harvard

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fil-fatt kellhom Issa hawnhekk fuq il-kampus.

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U hi tal ġentilment permess magħna
għall-programm lilu għalik illum.

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COLTON OGDEN: Iva, u fil-fatt, David,
Naħseb Issa trid jgħidu bonjour lilek

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jekk inti tixtieq li jimxu
madwar il-mejda hawn.

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>> DAVID: Dritt hawn?

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Kull dritt.

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Kull dritt.

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>> ISSA: Hello, David.

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Nizza li jissodisfaw inti.

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>> DAVID: Hello, Issa.

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Ħawwad naħa tiegħu?

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>> COLTON OGDEN: Ħawwad
naħa tiegħu up u 'l isfel.

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>> DAVID: OK.

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>> COLTON OGDEN: U mbagħad
hu ser imorru quddiem u joqogħdu bilqegħda.

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U jekk int interessat,
I jistgħu attwalment nuruk

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kif I kienet kapaċi tikseb lilu
li tagħmel dawn l-affarijiet wisq.

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>> DAVID: Yeah, assolutament.

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>> COLTON OGDEN: HES ftit
off bilanċ dalgħodu.

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Huwa ma kellu l-kafè tiegħu għadu.

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DAVID: Allura dak li huwa dan aħna qed tħares lejn?

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COLTON OGDEN: Allura aħna qed tħares lejn
hawnhekk hija graff qalba, li issa hija

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ambjent programmazzjoni grafika,
li hija simili ħafna għall Scratch

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li CS50 użi.

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Hawnhekk naraw huwa stabbilit
up bħal flow diagram.

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U aħna għandna mazz ta 'dawn
blokki tal-bini ftit hawn.

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Issa jekk nieħdu ħarsa lejn dan wieħed
per eżempju, huwa msejjaħ stand up.

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U dan blokk jgħid stand up għall-
il Issa, jekk hu bilqiegħda

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jew ikun x'ikun.

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>> Imbagħad naraw tmur fil
ras tactile, li bażikament

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tistenna għal vit fuq quċċata ta '
kap tiegħu kif inti raw qabel.

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Jimxu lejn mezzi jiċċaqalqu x, y, uz
direzzjoni għal destinazzjoni speċifika.

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Handshake hija modulu I kiteb,
li bażikament tgħid, hello, David.

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Nizza li jissodisfaw inti.

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Tistenna għal handshake.

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Bilqegħda huwa l-oppost ta 'stand up.

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Hu ser imorru quddiem u joqogħdu bilqegħda.

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U mbagħad moviment tar-ras
huwa loop biha huwa

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se timxi kap tiegħu f'direzzjonijiet każwali.

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>> DAVID: Interessanti.

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Allura anke jekk dawn ma tfittex
bħall-biċċiet puzzle mill-bidunett,

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huwa verament l-istess idea.

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U int wajers programm
jużaw dawn il-blokok tal-bini.

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>> COLTON OGDEN: Iva, eżattament.

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>> DAVID: Allura għidt inti magħmula
wieħed minnhom, handshake.

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Nistgħu zoom fl fuq li wieħed?

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>> COLTON OGDEN: Sure.

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Aħna ser tagħti ħarsa hawn fuq handshake.

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U aħna ser tara huwa stabbilit ħafna
simili għall-dijagramma oħra fluss.

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Nibdew off mal-blokka hello,
li [inaudible] jgħid, hello, David.

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Nizza li jissodisfaw inti.

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Dan id-dritt hawnhekk hija loop.

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Hija tgħid, jiskopri moviment driegħ.

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Għalhekk se fi infinita
loop stenna sakemm driegħ tiegħu

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tqajmet up u 'l isfel.

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U mbagħad darba li ġara,
dan ser imorru quddiem u tagħmel dawn l-affarijiet.

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Issettja ebusija OK u mur il-għan,
li bażikament ifisser jibgħat lura lilu

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għall-pożizzjoni default tiegħu.

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DAVID: Interessanti.

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Inti ristrett biss
jużaw dan l-ambjent grafiku

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għall-programm lilu b'dan il-mod?

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>> COLTON OGDEN: Attwalment, l-ebda.

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Jekk immorru quddiem u ikklikkja darbtejn
kwalunkwe minn dawn il-blokok tal-bini,

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nistgħu naraw li hemm attwalment
kodiċi python taħt il-barnuża,

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motorizzazzjoni kull wieħed minn dawn il-blokok tal-bini.

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>> DAVID: Ah, tabilħaqq.

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Għalhekk għal dawk familjari, python
hija lingwa interpretat,

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simili ħafna fl-ispirtu li
PHP, li nużaw fil CS50.

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U simili ħafna tista 'tuża
PHP għall-ipprogrammar tal-web,

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inti tista 'wkoll tagħmel użu minnha fil-linja tal-kmand.

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U kif Colton qed tagħmel hawn
f'dan l-ambjent grafiku,

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programmi bil-miktub u mbagħad
jittrasmetti dan permezz Wi-Fi -

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COLTON OGDEN: Correct.

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DAVID: - li issa.

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Għandkom xi
ħin biex twaħħal madwar?

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>> COLTON OGDEN: Assolutament.

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>> DAVID: Kull dritt.

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Ukoll, qabel Colton jiġi lura ma '
magħna għal ftit daqsxejn ta 'sorpriża,

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aħna issa - ġġibu -? 60 sekonda
ta 'studenti CS50 ex auditioning

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biex isiru tagħlim fellows.

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[VIDEO Daqq]

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-Grazzi.

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Grazzi, kulħadd, biex ikunu hawn.

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>> -Ħej, Mr Bunny.

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>> Merħba għall-dan tutorja qasira fuq -

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>> [Inaudible] gost ma Twinkies.

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Stenna.

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Stop.

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>> -Allura issa għandna problema.

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-Mhuwiex.

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U jien ser jgħidlek il-għaliex.

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-A loop hija ripetizzjoni, bħall -

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>> -Tip ta 'kaxxa sewda.

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>> -OK.

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I think I ġġibu.

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-Id-dritt.

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Allura issa jien f'parti kemmxejn iebsa.

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>> -Dak id-dritt.

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8 bits jagħmlu byte.

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>> -Għandek tieħu byte u int
separat fis-biċċiet ta 'erba.

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>> -Ħoss, ħoss, ħoss, ħoss, ħoss.

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Ħoss, ħoss, ħoss, ħoss, ħoss.

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>> -It Jidher kkumplikati wisq.

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>> -Mela ejja tagħmel dan mill-ġdid.

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>> -Jekk I jikkonfondi inti, jekk jogħġbok
tħossok liberu li stop me.

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>> -Imma stenna-tieni.

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>> Well, ejja nħarsu lura fil-slide
u kisser affarijiet stabbiliti pass pass.

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>> -Jekk inti tiftakar, memorja huwa
maqsuma f'biċċiet byte daqs.

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>> -Allura hawnhekk għandna l-aħjar każ.

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>> -Dan huwa konsiderevoli
titjib fuq -

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>> -A web browser, bħal Chrome.

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>> -Huwa dejjem meħtieġ li bla ħlas -

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Nies -

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-Inti tista 'tmexxi madwar.

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U l-kodiċi jistgħu jiksbu
pjuttost ikkumplikata.

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>> -U li hija kollha li għandek bżonn.

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>> -Boom!

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>> DAVID: Issa CS50 stess
Dan Coffey u I reċentement

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kellhom l-opportunità li jivvjaġġaw barra
biex Mountain View, California,

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li huwa fejn l-
kwartieri ġenerali ta 'Google huwa.

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U kellna ċ-ċans li chat ma '
Susan Wojcicki, il-CEO ta 'YouTube.

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Kien fil-fatt fil tal Susan
snin garaxx ilu fis-snin 90

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li Google nnifisha kienet
beda mill Larry u Sergey.

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>> Ukoll, jirriżulta li Susan
lilha nfisha fil-fatt ħa CS50

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biss ftit snin qabel I did.

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U naħseb huwa impressjonanti
kif inti ser dalwaqt tisma kemm

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ħafna introduzzjoni għal kompjuter
xjenza hekk influwenzati ħajja tagħha.

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Hi tixtieq li jgħidu bonjour.

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SUSAN Wojcicki: Hello, dinja.

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Jien Susan Wojcicki.

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Jien il-CEO ta 'YouTube.

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And I ħa CS50 meta I kien
anzjan fil-Harvard fl-1990.

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>> I kien attwalment storja
u l-letteratura maġġuri.

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U junior sajf tiegħi I
induna li forsi I

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00:05:44,180 --> 00:05:46,450
riedu jitgħallmu xi ħaġa
dwar il-kompjuters.

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U hekk Wasalt lura.

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00:05:48,350 --> 00:05:49,870
I ħa CS50.

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Kien diffiċli, iżda kienet il-
klassi aktar aqwa I ħa.

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Hija mibdula kif naħseb dwar kollox.

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>> U meta I gradwat minn Harvard
fl-1990, I marru għall Silicon Valley

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00:06:03,200 --> 00:06:04,500
u sibt xogħol.

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00:06:04,500 --> 00:06:07,490
U stajt ilhom jaħdmu
fil tech qatt peress.

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Allura CS50 mibdula ħajti.

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00:06:09,780 --> 00:06:12,320
I jkomplu jitgħallmu u jibnu.

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Hija tatni pedament kbir.

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U jien jkomplu jitgħallmu kull
jum bħall-bidliet teknoloġiċi.

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>> U naħseb li huwa wunderbare
li int kollha tieħdu

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minħabba li kif id-dinja hija
se jibdlu miexi 'l quddiem.

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Hemm biss se jkunu aktar u
aktar opportunità u l-innovazzjoni.

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Digital jkun ser jaffettwa tagħna
jgħix aktar milli diġà għandha.

181
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U huwa wunderbare li
int kollha jieħdu CS50.

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Allura dan huwa CS50.

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>> DAVID: Mela jekk inti kont qed
tfittex għal raġuni ġdida

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ma jużawx ċertu browser,
Heres waħda tajba għalik.

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I reċentement irċieva -
flimkien ma 'kulħadd

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00:06:43,210 --> 00:06:45,120
fil-Harvard University - din l-email hawn.

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00:06:45,120 --> 00:06:46,910
>> "Għeżież Membri tal-Komunità Harvard.

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00:06:46,910 --> 00:06:50,930
Id-Dipartiment tas-Sigurtà Interna
jirrakkomanda li l-utenti kollha temporanjament

189
00:06:50,930 --> 00:06:54,350
jtemm l-użu ta '
Microsoft Internet Explorer, IE,

190
00:06:54,350 --> 00:06:56,270
minħabba difett ta 'sigurtà kritika. "

191
00:06:56,270 --> 00:07:01,250
>> Dan huwa dokumentat fil-fatt fil-
Microsoft Sigurtà Konsultattiv 2963983.

192
00:07:01,250 --> 00:07:05,242
Vulnerabilità fl-Internet Explorer
jista 'jippermetti l-eżekuzzjoni kodiċi remoti.

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00:07:05,242 --> 00:07:07,200
Issa dak li jfisser dan
u dak li huwa t-theddida?

194
00:07:07,200 --> 00:07:08,950
Ukoll, jikkunsidraw dan
dijagramma hawn, li aħna

195
00:07:08,950 --> 00:07:12,160
użu fl CS50 biex jitkellmu dwar
HTTP jew it-traffiku web.

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Jekk għandna hawnhekk web
server u fuq in-naħa l-oħra

197
00:07:15,140 --> 00:07:17,589
a browser - Internet Explorer
f'dan il-każ - naturalment,

198
00:07:17,589 --> 00:07:19,380
a browser meta l-ewwel
jitlob paġna web

199
00:07:19,380 --> 00:07:21,310
tista 'tibgħat messaġġ HDP bħal dan.

200
00:07:21,310 --> 00:07:26,470
IKOLLOK index.html jużaw verżjoni 1.1
tal-protokoll magħrufa bħala HTTP.

201
00:07:26,470 --> 00:07:30,820
>> Issa f'dan il-każ, jekk Guy ħażina għandu
b'xi mod kellhom aċċess għal din il-web server

202
00:07:30,820 --> 00:07:33,990
u installat fuqu l-
jisfruttaw biex ngħidu hekk,

203
00:07:33,990 --> 00:07:36,990
hu jew hi jista 'jkun kapaċi li jikkonvinċu
l-web server jirritorna din.

204
00:07:36,990 --> 00:07:41,040
Mhux biss index.html ruħha bħala
mitluba, iżda inkorporati ġewwa

205
00:07:41,040 --> 00:07:43,720
ta 'dan il-fajl index.html jistgħu,
ovvjament, ikun assi oħra.

206
00:07:43,720 --> 00:07:47,230
B'mod partikolari, xi ħaġa
bħal exploit.SWF,

207
00:07:47,230 --> 00:07:50,620
fajl flash li finalment
jieħu vantaġġ ta 'din is-sigurtà

208
00:07:50,620 --> 00:07:54,940
teknika, Feng Shui borġ, li hija
mod fancy ta 'tgħid li l-kodiċi

209
00:07:54,940 --> 00:07:59,940
ġewwa ta 'li sprejs flash fajl tal-
hekk imsejħa munzell ġewwa tal-tal-kompjuter

210
00:07:59,940 --> 00:08:04,090
browser ma biċċiet kollha differenti ta '
memorja li huma mfassla finalment

211
00:08:04,090 --> 00:08:05,810
li jissostitwixxu biċċiet kbar ta 'memorja hawn.

212
00:08:05,810 --> 00:08:09,150
>> Jekk inti recall dan mill-diskussjoni tagħna
fil CS50 tal-borġ u l-munzell

213
00:08:09,150 --> 00:08:11,070
u l-ġestjoni tal-memorja aktar ġenerali.

214
00:08:11,070 --> 00:08:14,280
Issa l-memorja li l-
attwalment jintefa fuq il-borġ

215
00:08:14,280 --> 00:08:16,280
huma verament msejħa flash vector oġġetti.

216
00:08:16,280 --> 00:08:17,870
U din hija xi ħaġa ma '
li inti jista 'jkun familjari

217
00:08:17,870 --> 00:08:19,880
jekk inti stess kellha
programmati Flash qabel.

218
00:08:19,880 --> 00:08:24,070
Iżda wieħed mill-dawk l-oġġetti b'mod partikolari
huwa magħruf bħala oġġett ħoss media flash.

219
00:08:24,070 --> 00:08:28,190
>> U hawnhekk tinsab opportunità minħabba
dak li dan jisfruttaw mbagħad tgħaddi biex tagħmel

220
00:08:28,190 --> 00:08:31,540
huwa korrott din blokki ta '
memorja, dan l-oġġett fil-memorja,

221
00:08:31,540 --> 00:08:36,640
tali li tipprova tagħmel dan
indirizz hexadecimal eżekutibbli, u b'hekk

222
00:08:36,640 --> 00:08:40,600
tipprova trick-programm finalment
li jsiru xi kodiċi qoxra hekk

223
00:08:40,600 --> 00:08:44,560
biex jitkellmu, jew kodiċi Guy ħażina, li l-
finalment maħżuna f'dan l-indirizz hawn,

224
00:08:44,560 --> 00:08:49,530
li kien injettat permezz ta 'tniżżil
unknowingly dan il-fajl flash partikolari.

225
00:08:49,530 --> 00:08:53,220
>> Issa l-riżultat aħħari jista 'jkun x'ikun il-
avversarju trid tagħmel lill-kompjuter tiegħek.

226
00:08:53,220 --> 00:08:56,290
Hu jew hi tista 'tħassar fajls tiegħek,
jimxu fajls tiegħek, email fajls tiegħek,

227
00:08:56,290 --> 00:08:59,960
jew verament tagħmel xi ħaġa li inti stess
tista 'tagħmel bħala s-sid ta' dak il-kompjuter.

228
00:08:59,960 --> 00:09:01,600
U hu għalhekk li t-theddida hija tant scary.

229
00:09:01,600 --> 00:09:04,370
Hija tippermetti tassew xi ħadd fuq il-
internet li website inti

230
00:09:04,370 --> 00:09:08,590
tista 'żżur biex tesegwixxi arbitrarja
programmi fuq il-kompjuter tiegħek.

231
00:09:08,590 --> 00:09:11,550
>> Issa Thankfully, Microsoft ħafna
rilaxxata riċentement jiffissaw għal dan

232
00:09:11,550 --> 00:09:14,800
minħabba l-problema fil-fatt
jimirdu Internet Explorer 6

233
00:09:14,800 --> 00:09:16,210
it-triq kollha sa permezz 11.

234
00:09:16,210 --> 00:09:19,530
Allura huwa kien magħna pjuttost għal xi
time u kien biss riċentament skoprew.

235
00:09:19,530 --> 00:09:23,120
Mela jekk għandek aġġornamenti awtomatiċi
mixgħula, inti għandek tkun OK dalwaqt.

236
00:09:23,120 --> 00:09:26,340
Iżda biss sabiex ikunu sikuri, inti tista 'żgur
jaqilbu għal xi browser oħra inqas

237
00:09:26,340 --> 00:09:27,300
fil-frattemp.

238
00:09:27,300 --> 00:09:29,650
>> Issa jirriżulta wkoll li
Microsoft ġeneruż ħafna

239
00:09:29,650 --> 00:09:33,640
rilaxxati wkoll jiffissaw għall-Windows XP,
verżjoni anzjani tal-Windows li għalihom

240
00:09:33,640 --> 00:09:37,040
appoġġ kien effettivament uffiċjalment
jitwaqqaf biss ftit ġimgħat ilu,

241
00:09:37,040 --> 00:09:40,880
iżda din it-theddida kienet daqshekk ħżiena li huma
wkoll rolled out jiffissaw għal dak OS

242
00:09:40,880 --> 00:09:41,810
ukoll.

243
00:09:41,810 --> 00:09:43,400
>> Issa fl-aħbarijiet oħra din il-ġimgħa kien dan.

244
00:09:43,400 --> 00:09:46,632
Il-Atari 2600, logħba anzjani
console li ku ta 'mini

245
00:09:46,632 --> 00:09:49,340
tabilħaqq kien jikbru fuqha
aħna użati biex logħob video meta

246
00:09:49,340 --> 00:09:50,630
aħna ser iżur dar tagħhom.

247
00:09:50,630 --> 00:09:54,420
Issa fi kwalunkwe każ, għaliex dan kien fil-
aħbarijiet kien għar-raġuni li ġejja.

248
00:09:54,420 --> 00:09:57,180
Lura fis-snin 80, il-kumpanija
wara dan il-mezz, Atari,

249
00:09:57,180 --> 00:09:59,870
iddeċieda li jiġu midfuna fil-
landfill fi New Mexico

250
00:09:59,870 --> 00:10:02,510
mazz sħiħ ta 'logħob antik
u manwal ta 'struzzjonijiet

251
00:10:02,510 --> 00:10:05,050
u simili li kieku
inkella mxew mhux mibjugħa.

252
00:10:05,050 --> 00:10:09,320
>> Issa maż-żmien, id-dfin ta 'dawn
logħob sar daqsxejn ta 'leġġenda urbana.

253
00:10:09,320 --> 00:10:12,690
In-nies ma verament jaf fiż-żgur
jekk dan kien fil-fatt ġara anki

254
00:10:12,690 --> 00:10:16,080
għalkemm, bħala leġġenda marru, il-kumpanija
kienet saħansitra jitferra saff ta 'konkos

255
00:10:16,080 --> 00:10:18,630
fuq quċċata ta 'kollox fil-
landfill biex jipprevjenu gidjien

256
00:10:18,630 --> 00:10:22,150
milli attwalment rustling permezz tagħha,
jippruvaw isibu video games ħielsa.

257
00:10:22,150 --> 00:10:26,310
Ukoll, jirriżulta li dokumentarju
issa hija fil-progress issa fl-2014.

258
00:10:26,310 --> 00:10:30,900
U tim ta 'skavaturi kienet tipprova
biex ħaffer il-verità wara din l-istorja

259
00:10:30,900 --> 00:10:32,240
jekk huwa tabilħaqq hemmhekk.

260
00:10:32,240 --> 00:10:33,330
>> U raden dak li sabu?

261
00:10:33,330 --> 00:10:35,940
Well, mhux eżattament dan
Guy, iżda eluf

262
00:10:35,940 --> 00:10:38,220
ta 'kopji ta' logħba tiegħu,
li kien rilaxxat

263
00:10:38,220 --> 00:10:42,000
tikkoinċidi mal-rilaxx tal-
movie, E.T. Il extraterrestrial.

264
00:10:42,000 --> 00:10:47,040
Allura fil-fatt, biss fl-aħħar ftit jiem
għexieren u mijiet jekk mhux eluf

265
00:10:47,040 --> 00:10:52,140
finalment ta 'dawn l-iskrataċ
qed jibdew jiġu kixfet.

266
00:10:52,140 --> 00:10:56,280
>> Issa għaliex ma huma midfuna bħal
a game ċar konvinċenti?

267
00:10:56,280 --> 00:10:58,570
Ukoll, jirriżulta li
E.T. huwa attwalment reputazzjoni

268
00:10:58,570 --> 00:11:01,850
minn ħafna bħala l-agħar logħba video qatt.

269
00:11:01,850 --> 00:11:04,080
Parzjalment, minħabba li kellhom
hekk ftit żmien biex jiżviluppaw

270
00:11:04,080 --> 00:11:06,340
il-logħba qabel li
partikolari Milied istaġun,

271
00:11:06,340 --> 00:11:09,240
iżda wkoll għaliex kien
partikolarment diffiċli li jilagħbu.

272
00:11:09,240 --> 00:11:11,630
Dan, naturalment, iqajjem il-
kwistjoni, nistgħu tara dan?

273
00:11:11,630 --> 00:11:12,610
Iva, nistgħu.

274
00:11:12,610 --> 00:11:13,555
Ejja tagħti ħarsa.

275
00:11:13,555 --> 00:11:14,388
[Jilagħbu logħba VIDEO]

276
00:11:14,388 --> 00:11:35,287

277
00:11:35,287 --> 00:11:37,870
Issa ma kienx effettivament il-
grafika li n-nies ħadu oġġezzjoni

278
00:11:37,870 --> 00:11:41,070
li għaliex, fil-fatt, dan kien il-snin 80
u dan kien l-aktar stat avvanzat.

279
00:11:41,070 --> 00:11:42,840
Tabilħaqq, dan kien tfulija tiegħi hawn.

280
00:11:42,840 --> 00:11:44,900
Imma dak li kien diffiċli
dwar din il-logħba kienet, waħda,

281
00:11:44,900 --> 00:11:46,920
kellek movie ET madwar
l-iskrin, tfittex

282
00:11:46,920 --> 00:11:49,820
għal dawk ftit pixels, li
irrappreżentata Biċċiet Reese tal.

283
00:11:49,820 --> 00:11:52,960
Iżda l-qabda wisq hija li jekk inti waqgħet
f'dawk forom djamant jiskuraw,

284
00:11:52,960 --> 00:11:54,870
inti jaqgħu fi
fossa li kien effettivament

285
00:11:54,870 --> 00:11:56,890
iebsa ħafna u tedious li toħroġ ta '.

286
00:11:56,890 --> 00:11:59,570
Allura b'hekk kien midfun ET.

287
00:11:59,570 --> 00:12:02,740
>> Issa wkoll fid-deżert ta '
tard kien dan hawn fil Wyoming.

288
00:12:02,740 --> 00:12:08,010
A nukleari, ma għandhomx jiġu mfixkla ma '
[? nucular,?] ċentru ta 'kontroll.

289
00:12:08,010 --> 00:12:10,920
U fil-fatt, jekk inti tfittex l isfel
hemm taħt il-konkrit

290
00:12:10,920 --> 00:12:14,330
ħdejn dan arblu abjad, hemm
attwalment missili Minuteman III,

291
00:12:14,330 --> 00:12:18,230
missili nukleari, li attwalment
protetti minn xi teknoloġija li l-

292
00:12:18,230 --> 00:12:20,980
mhux kważi modern kif inti tista 'tama.

293
00:12:20,980 --> 00:12:24,344
Juru TV Amerikana, 60
Minuti, reċentement urew dan.

294
00:12:24,344 --> 00:12:25,010
[VIDEO Daqq]

295
00:12:25,010 --> 00:12:28,210
'Iżda l-tagħmir huwa qedem.

296
00:12:28,210 --> 00:12:30,480
Dan, per eżempju, huwa
wieħed mill-kompjuters li

297
00:12:30,480 --> 00:12:33,380
jirċievu tnedija
ordni mill-President.

298
00:12:33,380 --> 00:12:35,720
Hija tuża floppy disks.

299
00:12:35,720 --> 00:12:38,000
Il verament qodma, dawk kbar.

300
00:12:38,000 --> 00:12:41,920
Qabel ma ltqajna stabbiliti hawn, inti
probabbilment qatt ma dehru wieħed?

301
00:12:41,920 --> 00:12:44,170
>> -I'd qatt ma tidher waħda sa
Sibt f'din toqba.

302
00:12:44,170 --> 00:12:44,640
>> [Video daqq END]

303
00:12:44,640 --> 00:12:46,730
>> Issa jekk int taħseb
inti stajt tidher dawn diski,

304
00:12:46,730 --> 00:12:49,680
dawk 5 u 1/4-inch disks
mill-1980, uh-UH.

305
00:12:49,680 --> 00:12:53,180
Dan huwa floppy 8-pulzier
disk mill-1970.

306
00:12:53,180 --> 00:12:55,930
Issa stess Dan Coffey CS50 tal
u I wkoll kellha l-opportunità

307
00:12:55,930 --> 00:12:58,117
biex jivvjaġġaw lejn Seattle,
Washington reċentement fejn

308
00:12:58,117 --> 00:12:59,450
żorna ħbieb tagħna fil Valve.

309
00:12:59,450 --> 00:13:03,870
Fil-fatt, inti tista 'recall 60 sekonda ta' me
liebes dawk goggles realtà virtwali.

310
00:13:03,870 --> 00:13:07,030
>> Issa aħna wkoll kellhom l-opportunità li
chat ma 'tlieta mill-inġiniera Valve

311
00:13:07,030 --> 00:13:09,620
li tkellem magħna dwar dak
huwa simili li jaħdmu fil Valve,

312
00:13:09,620 --> 00:13:13,290
iżda aħjar għadhom, dak li huwa
tixtieq tiżviluppa video games.

313
00:13:13,290 --> 00:13:14,315
Ejja tagħti ħarsa.

314
00:13:14,315 --> 00:13:14,600
>> [VIDEO Daqq]

315
00:13:14,600 --> 00:13:15,433
>> [Jilagħbu logħba VIDEO]

316
00:13:15,433 --> 00:13:23,950

317
00:13:23,950 --> 00:13:26,420
-Jisimni Brian Jacobson.

318
00:13:26,420 --> 00:13:30,420
I magħmula tiegħi mod biex Valve tip ta '
fi rotta kemmxejn circuitous.

319
00:13:30,420 --> 00:13:33,710
I ma kienx fil-fatt kompjuter
programmer fil-kulleġġ.

320
00:13:33,710 --> 00:13:35,790
U I kien użat bħala back-
fil-benesseri iskola għolja

321
00:13:35,790 --> 00:13:39,300
jistgħu jagħmlu l-ipprogrammar u jiksbu
Jittieħed mill-idea għall-implimentazzjoni

322
00:13:39,300 --> 00:13:41,320
fi ftit minuti jew sigħat.

323
00:13:41,320 --> 00:13:46,930
I jgawdu l-pass mgħaġġel tal-iżvilupp
u tara l-ideat tiegħi ġejjin għall-ħajja.

324
00:13:46,930 --> 00:13:48,780
>> -Jisimni Yahn Bernier.

325
00:13:48,780 --> 00:13:50,740
Stajt kien hawn fil Valve
għal aktar minn 16 snin.

326
00:13:50,740 --> 00:13:54,170
So I ended up miktub biss għal
gost editur livell għal Quake

327
00:13:54,170 --> 00:13:57,564
imsejħa BSP, ibbażata fuq binarju
siġar partizzjoni ispazju.

328
00:13:57,564 --> 00:13:58,730
Dan kien it-tip ta 'l-Entrée.

329
00:13:58,730 --> 00:14:02,780
U eventwalment Gabe Newell, li kien il-
fundatur tal Valve, u Mike Harrington

330
00:14:02,780 --> 00:14:06,254
mibgħuta lili email qal software
opportunità inġinier iżvilupp.

331
00:14:06,254 --> 00:14:07,170
-Jisimni John Cook.

332
00:14:07,170 --> 00:14:09,380
Jien inġinier tas-softwer
jaħdmu fl Valve.

333
00:14:09,380 --> 00:14:14,240
I tiffoka fuq sistemi online tagħna,
scaling, u l-arkitettura.

334
00:14:14,240 --> 00:14:16,060
>> A ħabib u I attwalment
fl-università kienu

335
00:14:16,060 --> 00:14:18,660
jaħdmu fuq logħba imsejjaħ Team Fortress.

336
00:14:18,660 --> 00:14:22,810
U aħna biss għamel logħba,
poġġih fuq l-internet.

337
00:14:22,810 --> 00:14:25,130
Kienet minbarra l-
game, Quake, fil-ħin.

338
00:14:25,130 --> 00:14:27,620
Allura kien tip ta 'moderna
estensjoni ta 'din il-logħba.

339
00:14:27,620 --> 00:14:30,920
Wara dan, aħna spiċċajna
jkollna f'kuntatt ma 'Valve

340
00:14:30,920 --> 00:14:32,200
u li jkunu ġejjin minn hawn.

341
00:14:32,200 --> 00:14:36,535
>> Well, għalija l-klassi graphics kien
probabbilment l-iktar applikabbli

342
00:14:36,535 --> 00:14:39,960
li ħadt fil-kulleġġ għall-żgur.

343
00:14:39,960 --> 00:14:42,940
Trigonometry, alġebra lineari.

344
00:14:42,940 --> 00:14:47,140
I ħa kors robotika li kellhom
mazz ta 'lineari algebra tip ta moħmija

345
00:14:47,140 --> 00:14:52,030
fis dan, u li hija waħda mill-bażi fundamentali
kunċetti matematika għal kwalunkwe 3D graphics.

346
00:14:52,030 --> 00:14:57,680
Dan kollu dwar l-orjentazzjoni u tagħmel l-
matematika ta 'prodotti simili, jien tfittex fuq lejn inti,

347
00:14:57,680 --> 00:14:58,970
imma nixtieq li jimmiraw hemmhekk.

348
00:14:58,970 --> 00:15:04,600
U kif nista jduru u kif nista
insemmu fejn jien jiċċaqilqu jew tfittex.

349
00:15:04,600 --> 00:15:07,015
Li hija kollha alġebra lineari.

350
00:15:07,015 --> 00:15:11,380
>> -L-essenza ta 'shooter-ewwel persuna
hija li jien tfittex permezz tal-siti gun

351
00:15:11,380 --> 00:15:13,630
mal-għajnejn tiegħi u jimmiraw
xi ħaġa u iġbed il-grillu

352
00:15:13,630 --> 00:15:14,670
u nixtieq li hit li.

353
00:15:14,670 --> 00:15:18,810
Allura għandek għad-disinn tiegħek
teknoloġija biex jittrattaw latency.

354
00:15:18,810 --> 00:15:22,020
U hekk John Carmack marru lura
u qal, oh, dak I bżonn tagħmel

355
00:15:22,020 --> 00:15:28,440
qed ibassar fuq il-klijent l-
jirriżulta inputs player tiegħi,

356
00:15:28,440 --> 00:15:30,336
u biss tagħmel dan u
tirrendi minn fejn aħna

357
00:15:30,336 --> 00:15:33,460
taħseb li hu għaddej biex tkun u mbagħad ħalli
l-server jiġu lura u tiffissa lilha għalija.

358
00:15:33,460 --> 00:15:36,470
>> -Allura meta inti qed jaħsbu dwar
permezz ta 'magna logħba biex jagħmlu logħba,

359
00:15:36,470 --> 00:15:38,510
hemm ħafna aktar għażliet issa.

360
00:15:38,510 --> 00:15:41,675
>> -A-magna logħba hija tip
tal-infrastruttura

361
00:15:41,675 --> 00:15:42,800
fejn inti jagħmlu l-logħba.

362
00:15:42,800 --> 00:15:46,560
Hu l-ħaġa responsabbli għat-tfassil
id-dinja, għas-simulazzjoni tad-dinja,

363
00:15:46,560 --> 00:15:50,970
għal-logħob l-ħsejjes,
għall tgħin kodiċi tiegħek logħba

364
00:15:50,970 --> 00:15:53,650
ċifra barra dak l-ghadu
AIs se jmorru jagħmlu.

365
00:15:53,650 --> 00:15:57,260
>> -Ġeneralment, il-mod in-nies tibda huwa
theyd jieħdu xi ammont ta 'dik il-loġika

366
00:15:57,260 --> 00:15:58,020
u l-bidla.

367
00:15:58,020 --> 00:16:00,280
Bħal, OK, issa ejja biss
jibdlu l-rokit llanċjar

368
00:16:00,280 --> 00:16:04,240
tagħmel 200 ħsara minflok
jagħmlu 100 ħsara.

369
00:16:04,240 --> 00:16:08,580
Huwa sempliċi ħafna, bħal, ħu
xi biċċa eżistenti ta 'loġika gameplay

370
00:16:08,580 --> 00:16:10,360
u tweak kif tixtieq.

371
00:16:10,360 --> 00:16:13,830
>> -Il-saff l-ieħor livell ogħla
huwa normalment imsejjaħ kodiċi game.

372
00:16:13,830 --> 00:16:17,230
U l-kodiċi logħba normalment huwa l-
ħaġa li kollox dwar ir-regoli tal-kaċċa.

373
00:16:17,230 --> 00:16:21,156
Bħall-fatt li jien
din l-arma partikolari

374
00:16:21,156 --> 00:16:22,530
u taħdem b'mod partikolari.

375
00:16:22,530 --> 00:16:25,480
Jew il-fatt li hemm
monster headcrab li

376
00:16:25,480 --> 00:16:27,130
għandha dawn l-imgieba partikolari.

377
00:16:27,130 --> 00:16:30,800
Dawk it-tipi ta 'affarijiet huma
tipikament issib bħala kodiċi game.

378
00:16:30,800 --> 00:16:34,790
>> -U minn hemm, verament, ma 'dawk
tip ta 'biċċiet u l-proċess ta' iterazzjoni,

379
00:16:34,790 --> 00:16:37,600
inti tista 'tmur minn xi ħaġa bħal
Quake għal xi ħaġa simili Half-Life.

380
00:16:37,600 --> 00:16:41,810
>> -Half-Life huwa Sci-Fi,
ewwel persuna shooter logħba.

381
00:16:41,810 --> 00:16:45,340
Huwa stabbilit fl-dinja dystopian.

382
00:16:45,340 --> 00:16:50,050
L-ewwel Half-Life ġie stabbilit fl
din il-faċilità ta 'riċerka taħt l-art

383
00:16:50,050 --> 00:16:51,100
imsejħa Black Mesa.

384
00:16:51,100 --> 00:16:53,940
U inti kellha karattru
jismu Gordon Freeman.

385
00:16:53,940 --> 00:16:56,690
U kien bażikament
dwar invażjoni aljeni

386
00:16:56,690 --> 00:17:00,000
li kien ipprovokat meta
esperiment marret ħażin.

387
00:17:00,000 --> 00:17:04,720
>> U t-tieni logħba, Half-Life
2, ġie stabbilit madwar 10 snin wara,

388
00:17:04,720 --> 00:17:07,940
u bażikament, l-istranġieri
kien ħa fuq il-pjaneta.

389
00:17:07,940 --> 00:17:12,547
U issa inti bħala Gordon Freeman
kellha bażikament salvataġġ

390
00:17:12,547 --> 00:17:13,880
ħabib tiegħek, Alex, li inti tissodisfa.

391
00:17:13,880 --> 00:17:17,960
U jippruvaw taħbit lura l-
aljeni u titlob lura l-pjaneta.

392
00:17:17,960 --> 00:17:20,660
>> -Ċertament, proġetti bħal
Portal 2, kien biss

393
00:17:20,660 --> 00:17:24,742
tim żgħir, ħames persuni
taħdem fuq idea logħba.

394
00:17:24,742 --> 00:17:26,950
Huma sabu xi affarijiet li
ħsieb kienu interessanti,

395
00:17:26,950 --> 00:17:28,283
jista 'jkun interessanti għal logħba.

396
00:17:28,283 --> 00:17:29,490
Huma estiż għal 20 persuna.

397
00:17:29,490 --> 00:17:31,355
Huma kkonkretizzati dawk l-ideat.

398
00:17:31,355 --> 00:17:32,480
You żied xi aktar nies.

399
00:17:32,480 --> 00:17:35,827
>> Huma qed simili, OK, u issa aħna
tixtieq li vapur fuq tliet consoles.

400
00:17:35,827 --> 00:17:36,910
Għandna bżonn ħafna aktar nies.

401
00:17:36,910 --> 00:17:38,619
Bħal kulħadd, come tħares lejn din il-logħba.

402
00:17:38,619 --> 00:17:39,160
Huwa tal-biża.

403
00:17:39,160 --> 00:17:40,909
Hija biss jeħtieġ mazz
ta 'xogħol biex tikseb jsir.

404
00:17:40,909 --> 00:17:43,790
Allura f'daqqa waħda għandek
nofs il-kumpannija ta 'ħidma,

405
00:17:43,790 --> 00:17:47,100
għandek 120 ruħ jaħdmu
fuq din il-logħba li tikseb dan isir.

406
00:17:47,100 --> 00:17:51,190
Ovvjament, in-numru ta '
proġetti x'imkien ieħor kuntratti,

407
00:17:51,190 --> 00:17:53,354
iżda kulħadd huwa super
happy għaliex jafu

408
00:17:53,354 --> 00:17:55,520
dawn qed jaħdmu fuq dan
ħaġa li tassew tal-biża.

409
00:17:55,520 --> 00:17:58,644
>> 'Waħda mill-affarijiet verament kbar dwar
dan ix-xogħol u din l-industrija in ġenerali

410
00:17:58,644 --> 00:18:00,684
hija li l-affarijiet bidla l-ħin.

411
00:18:00,684 --> 00:18:02,600
Il-ħaġa li int
tagħmel din is-sena qed jiġri

412
00:18:02,600 --> 00:18:04,980
li jkun diffiċli ħafna mill-
ħaġa li għandek tagħmel-sena li jmiss.

413
00:18:04,980 --> 00:18:08,520
U għalhekk iżomm kollox verament
frisk, attwalment, u pretty eċċitanti.

414
00:18:08,520 --> 00:18:11,757
Inti kontinwament tagħlim ġdid
affarijiet u jagħmlu tipi ġodda ta 'għalf.

415
00:18:11,757 --> 00:18:12,590
[Video daqq END]

416
00:18:12,590 --> 00:18:13,969
DAVID: Li lilha għall CS50LIVE.

417
00:18:13,969 --> 00:18:15,760
Grazzi tant għal dan
kontributuri ġimgħa.

418
00:18:15,760 --> 00:18:19,710
Grazzi tant għall Colton CS50 stess
Ogden u t-tim wara l-kamera.

419
00:18:19,710 --> 00:18:21,456
Dan kien CS50.

420
00:18:21,456 --> 00:18:23,198
>> [MUSIC - LOS DEL RIO, "Macarena"]

421
00:18:23,198 --> 00:19:18,955