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>> [MUSIC PLAYING]

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DOUG LLOYD: B眉t眉n h眉ququ.

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Q蓹rib蓹 m枚vzu c眉r, sa臒?

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Magic n枚mr蓹l蓹ri.

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O zaman o n蓹 dem蓹kdir doe
sehrli n枚mr蓹l蓹ri haqq谋nda s枚hb蓹t?

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Yax艧谋, proqramlar谋n b蓹zi
biz CS50 yazd谋q ki,

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indiy蓹 q蓹d蓹r b蓹zi q蓹rib蓹 var
n枚mr蓹l蓹ri c眉r onlara at谋lan.

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Y蓹qin ki, s蓹b蓹bl蓹r蓹 g枚r蓹 biz deyil
tamamil蓹 indi ba艧a d眉艧眉r眉k.

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M蓹s蓹l蓹n, Mario problem, biz
23 piramida h眉nd眉rl眉y眉 ba艧谋ba臒l谋.

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Biz a莽谋q-ayd谋n ifad蓹 etdi
daha y眉ks蓹k 23 getm蓹k bilm蓹z.

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>> Amma 23 n蓹 dem蓹kdir?

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Yax艧谋, siz oxumaq 蓹g蓹r
Diqq蓹tl蓹 siz蓹 spec

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ki, g枚rm眉艧蓹m bil蓹r
s蓹b蓹bi 23 onu ba艧谋ba臒l谋

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standart h眉nd眉rl眉y眉 莽眉nki
bir terminal p蓹nc蓹r蓹 24.

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V蓹 biz 蓹g蓹r
piramida daha taller olmaq,

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Bu q蓹rib蓹 艧ey ola bil蓹r
harada ekran off 莽al谋艧谋r.

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Bildiyiniz V蓹 n蓹
do臒ru, kontekstind蓹 dem蓹kdir?

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>> 23 d蓹rhal ayd谋n m蓹nas谋
kims蓹 olan proqram bax谋r

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v蓹 b蓹lk蓹 ba艧qa bir var
size terminal p蓹nc蓹r蓹?

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Y蓹qin ki, deyil.

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OK, kimi g枚r眉n眉r.

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Yax艧谋, niy蓹 yaln谋z az 23-d蓹n?

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脺mumiyy蓹tl蓹, bu c眉r var
pis v蓹rdi艧 h蓹qiq蓹t蓹n

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Sizin kodu daxil sabitl蓹ri yazmaq.

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Siz, h蓹qiq蓹t蓹n, n蓹 zaman, bunu
Sizin kodu daxil daimi yazmaq

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istifad蓹 ed蓹r蓹k kimi istinad b蓹z蓹n var
sehrli n枚mr蓹l蓹ri, bir 艧ey deyil

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biz 眉mumiyy蓹tl蓹 c蓹hd v蓹 qar艧谋s谋n谋 almaq ist蓹yirik.

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>> M蓹s蓹l蓹n, bir n蓹z蓹r salaq
Burada bu sad蓹 funksiyas谋.

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Ayd谋nd谋r ki, he莽 bir m蓹lumat yoxdur
C tipli kart v蓹 ya g枚y蓹rt蓹 莽a臒谋r谋b.

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Bel蓹 ki, yaln谋z m蓹niml蓹 da艧谋y谋rlar.

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Bu bir az var
pseudocode burada qar谋艧d谋r谋l谋r.

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Bu adl谋 bir funksiyas谋 var
ki, y蓹qin kart m蓹艧臒ul

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onun parametri kimi bir g枚y蓹rt蓹 edir v蓹
M蓹n蓹 莽谋x谋艧 ed蓹c蓹k bir kart.

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>> M蓹n burada m蓹n bir 艧ey edir蓹m
, 0-dan 52 莽al谋艧an bir loop var

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v蓹 m蓹n bir kart m蓹艧臒ul.

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B蓹li, biz bir sehrli var
burada say谋, do臒ru.

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Siz sehrli say谋 n蓹 g枚r眉rs眉n眉z?

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V蓹 ya daha 蓹h蓹miyy蓹tlisi, siz
problem burada n蓹 g枚rm蓹k?

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X眉susil蓹 bu halda
yaln谋z bir funksiyas谋 var

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bir 枚z fayl
ehtiva qovluq

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m眉xt蓹lif bir d蓹st蓹
fayllar谋 h蓹r hans谋

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kartlar g枚y蓹rt蓹 ba艧qa 艧ey yoxdur.

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B蓹lk蓹 onlar谋 shuffles, v蓹 ya bir t蓹r蓹fd蓹n m蓹艧臒ul
be艧 kartlar谋 蓹v蓹zin蓹 bir kart.

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>> Siz n蓹 g枚r眉rs眉n眉z
problem burada ola bil蓹r?

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Siz sehrli say谋 g枚r眉rs眉n眉zm眉
M蓹n kodu enjekte etdik?

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Bu do臒ru, 52 var.

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>> Kimi, daxil蓹n siz y蓹qin ki, bilirsiniz, OK.

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Standart g枚y蓹rt蓹 kimi
kartlar谋 52 kartlar谋 ehtiva edir.

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Amma bizim proqramda, yaln谋z var
c眉r orada 蓹traf谋nda 眉z蓹n.

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Q蓹fl蓹t蓹n 52 var kimi deyil.

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>> Bu h蓹ll etm蓹k 眉莽眉n bir yolu
problem bunu edir.

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Biz indi 莽ox a莽谋q-ayd谋n ist蓹yirik
52 kimi g枚y蓹rt蓹 枚l莽眉s眉 s蓹sl蓹n蓹r蓹k.

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Bu bir az daha asan verir
zaman loop 眉莽眉n m蓹nas谋

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biz sonra deyir蓹m sonra
g枚y蓹rt蓹 枚l莽眉s眉 azd谋r.

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Bu, sad蓹c蓹 52 dey蓹r蓹k daha yax艧谋 g枚r眉n眉r.

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陌ndi bu h蓹qiq蓹t蓹n problemi h蓹ll etmir.

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B蓹zi r蓹mzi verir
daimi m蓹nas谋n谋.

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Amma bu c眉r h蓹qiq蓹t蓹n yoxdur
ba艧qa bir problem t蓹qdim

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ki, d蓹rhal ayd谋n ola bil蓹r.

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H蓹tta bu d蓹yi艧蓹n 蓹g蓹r
globally-- elan

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Siz n蓹 geri yoxdur
biz b蓹yan zaman dem蓹kdir

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qlobal yerli qar艧谋 d蓹yi艧蓹n?

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Biz bir d蓹yi艧蓹n elan bile
qlobal, n蓹 var, 蓹g蓹r

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ba艧qa funksiyas谋
funksiyalar谋 bizim suite

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kart manipulyasiya il蓹 m蓹艧臒ul
ki s蓹hv蓹n, g枚y蓹rt蓹 枚l莽眉s眉 d蓹yi艧ir

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v蓹 ya onu art谋r谋r
1 v蓹 ya 1 il蓹 azal谋r.

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Bu do臒ru, narahatl谋q sehr bil蓹r?

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Biz bir s谋ra il蓹 m蓹艧臒ul oldu臒unuz, x眉susil蓹 d蓹 蓹g蓹r
kartlar谋 tam g枚y蓹rt蓹 shuffling harada

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t蓹l蓹b olunur.

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G枚y蓹rt蓹 枚l莽眉s眉 azal谋r, 蓹g蓹r
1, m蓹s蓹l蓹n, 51,

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biz, h蓹qiq蓹t蓹n, shuffling deyilik
b蓹lk蓹 b眉t眉n kartlar谋.

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Biz onlardan biri t蓹rk edirik.

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V蓹 ki, d蓹y蓹ri b蓹lk蓹 ola bil蓹r
proqnozla艧d谋r谋lan v蓹 ya pis aktyor t蓹r蓹find蓹n istismar.

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>> C deyirl蓹r n蓹 t蓹min edir
preprocessor direktiv olan

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d蓹 makro adlan谋r
simvolik sabitl蓹ri yarad谋lmas谋.

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V蓹 蓹slind蓹, siz art谋q var
bir preprocessor direktiv g枚r眉ld眉

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Siz onu e艧itm蓹mi艧蓹m, h蓹tta
# daxildir il蓹 莽a臒谋r谋b.

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Bu makro bir misal var
v蓹 ya preprocessor direktiv.

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>> yol simvolik sabitl蓹ri yaratmaq,
v蓹 ya daimi bir ad verilm蓹si

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daha var ki,
y蓹ni bel蓹.

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# m眉蓹yy蓹n, ad谋, d蓹yi艧dirilm蓹si.

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K蓹nara h蓹qiq蓹t蓹n vacibdir
Burada h蓹qiq蓹t蓹n s眉r蓹tli.

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Bir n枚qt蓹li verg眉l qoymaq etm蓹yin
Sizin # m眉蓹yy蓹nl蓹艧dirir sonu.

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Bel蓹 ki Sayl谋, ad谋, 蓹v蓹z edir.

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>> Proqram t蓹rtib edildikd蓹,
n蓹 h蓹qiq蓹t蓹n olur

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gedir, 蓹g蓹r compiler edir
Sizin kod vasit蓹sil蓹 getm蓹k

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v蓹 h蓹r instansiya 蓹v蓹z
h蓹r hans谋 il蓹 s枚z眉 "ad谋" Siz

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蓹v蓹z kimi qoydu.

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Analoji, # daxildir 蓹g蓹r sort
莽谋xarmaq v蓹 yap谋艧t谋rma ox艧ar,

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sonra Sayl谋 sort edir
tapmaq v蓹 蓹v蓹z ox艧ar,

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He莽 bir ki x眉susiyy蓹t istifad蓹 etdiyiniz halda
s枚z emal proqram, misal 眉莽眉n.

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>> M蓹s蓹l蓹n, 蓹g蓹r m蓹n
3.14159265 kimi pi # m眉蓹yy蓹n,

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Daha yax艧谋 riyazi 蓹g蓹r
maili v蓹 bird蓹n

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3.14159265 u莽an g枚rm蓹k
蓹traf谋nda kodu,

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Siz y蓹qin ki, pi s枚hb蓹t bilirik.

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Amma b蓹lk蓹 biz onu bir ver蓹 bil蓹r
az daha simvolik m蓹nas谋.

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V蓹 biz 蓹v蓹zin蓹 # m眉蓹yy蓹n dem蓹k olar
n枚mr蓹l蓹ri ki, qurtum kimi pi

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M蓹n saxlamaq fikrind蓹 deyil蓹m ki,
眉z蓹rind蓹 oxu.

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>> V蓹 n蓹 sonra n蓹 olacaq
proqram zaman t蓹rtib vaxt

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t蓹rtib, ilk 艧ey ki,
ba艧 ver蓹c蓹k onun vasit蓹sil蓹 getm蓹k olacaq

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v蓹 h蓹r zaman 蓹v蓹z ed蓹c蓹k
Bu, kapital P, kapital I g枚r眉r

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bu s枚z眉n il蓹 蓹v蓹z ed蓹c蓹yik
3.14 v蓹 s, ki,

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h蓹r n枚v眉 yoxdur
vaxt h蓹l蓹 proqram is蓹

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funksionall谋q var ki,
Siz 莽al谋艧谋r谋q, 莽眉nki g枚zl蓹yirik

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manipulyasiya il蓹 vurulmas谋,
Bu pi t蓹r蓹find蓹n n蓹, b枚l眉nm蓹si.

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>> Bu m蓹hdud deyil
yaln谋z n枚mr蓹l蓹ri 眉莽眉n 蓹v蓹z.

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M蓹s蓹l蓹n, m蓹n # m眉蓹yy蓹n ed蓹 bil蓹r
string CS50 kimi kurs.

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Bu halda, zaman
proqram t蓹rtib,

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# m眉蓹yy蓹n ke莽蓹c蓹yi
indeksi, h蓹r zaman 蓹v蓹z

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00:05:16,236 --> 00:05:19,900
Bu string CS50 il蓹 "kursu" g枚r眉r.

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>> Ba艧 g枚r蓹c蓹ksiniz
I ki, tez-tez

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# m眉蓹yy蓹n b眉t眉n simvolik m眉蓹yy蓹n
sabitl蓹ri, bel蓹 ki, dan谋艧maq

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00:05:26,090 --> 00:05:28,130
b眉t眉n caps h蓹mi艧蓹 var.

115
00:05:28,130 --> 00:05:28,960
Bu konvensiya var.

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00:05:28,960 --> 00:05:30,170
Bu laz谋m deyil.

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00:05:30,170 --> 00:05:33,900
s蓹b蓹bi 眉mumiyy蓹tl蓹 insanlar istifad蓹 ed蓹c蓹k
b眉t眉n paytaxtlar谋nda onlar #defining edirik

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00:05:33,900 --> 00:05:37,590
ki, yaln谋z bu, h蓹qiq蓹t蓹n, a莽谋q-a艧kar etm蓹k 眉莽眉n edir
m蓹nim kodu bu x眉susi element

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m眉蓹yy蓹n daimi deyil.

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00:05:38,820 --> 00:05:43,730
Bu ki莽ik idi, bu m眉mk眉nd眉r
bir d蓹yi艧蓹n s蓹hv ola bil蓹r.

121
00:05:43,730 --> 00:05:46,120
V蓹 y蓹qin ki, var
yax艧谋 bir 艧ey etm蓹k deyil.

122
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>> Bel蓹 ki, bu x眉susi
h蓹ll daha yax艧谋

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00:05:48,910 --> 00:05:50,550
蓹vv蓹lki v蓹 ya daha.

124
00:05:50,550 --> 00:05:59,950
M蓹n ilk Sayl谋 g枚y蓹rt蓹 枚l莽眉s眉 52, onda
indi burada 52 v蓹 ya g枚y蓹rt蓹 枚l莽眉s眉 m蓹nim istifad蓹,

125
00:05:59,950 --> 00:06:01,850
bir 莽ox daha asan v蓹 莽ox t蓹hl眉k蓹siz edir.

126
00:06:01,850 --> 00:06:03,280
Siz daimi manipulyasiya ed蓹 bilm蓹z.

127
00:06:03,280 --> 00:06:05,259
52 plus plus dey蓹 bilm蓹r蓹m.

128
00:06:05,259 --> 00:06:06,800
53 莽evirm蓹k niyy蓹tind蓹 deyil.

129
00:06:06,800 --> 00:06:09,390
Siz bir 艧ey 52 d蓹yi艧蓹 bilm蓹z.

130
00:06:09,390 --> 00:06:12,470
>> Siz d蓹yi艧蓹n d蓹yi艧蓹 bil蓹rsiniz
onlar谋n d蓹y蓹ri 52,

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00:06:12,470 --> 00:06:14,870
olan biz 蓹vv蓹l idi ilk fix idi.

132
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V蓹 arta bil蓹r
53 ki, d蓹yi艧蓹n.

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00:06:17,000 --> 00:06:21,100
Amma 52 Plus Plus v蓹 dey蓹 bilm蓹r蓹m
bird蓹n 53 daxil 52 莽evirm蓹k ki, var.

134
00:06:21,100 --> 00:06:23,350
52 h蓹mi艧蓹 52.

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00:06:23,350 --> 00:06:28,860
V蓹 bel蓹 ki, t蓹sad眉f蓹n d蓹yi艧蓹 bilm蓹z
burada manipulyasiya il蓹 g枚y蓹rt蓹 枚l莽眉s眉,

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00:06:28,860 --> 00:06:29,940

137
00:06:29,940 --> 00:06:32,390
>> Yax艧谋 bir t蓹r蓹fi
Bu baxmayaraq t蓹siri

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00:06:32,390 --> 00:06:38,310
ki, bilirik ki, deyil
D眉nyan谋n b眉t眉n 枚lk蓹l蓹ri

139
00:06:38,310 --> 00:06:40,690
枚l莽眉s眉 52 kartlar g枚y蓹rt蓹 istifad蓹?

140
00:06:40,690 --> 00:06:45,630
M蓹s蓹l蓹n, h蓹qiq蓹t蓹n 眉mumi var
Almaniya, 32 g枚y蓹rt蓹 枚l莽眉s眉 istifad蓹 etm蓹k

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00:06:45,630 --> 00:06:48,020
b蓹zi soyunmaq harada
a艧a臒谋 d蓹y蓹ri kartlar谋.

142
00:06:48,020 --> 00:06:50,960
V蓹 bu halda, m蓹n
liman谋na m蓹nim suite ist蓹di

143
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il蓹 m蓹艧臒ul funksiyalar谋
Almaniya kart manipulyasiya.

144
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M蓹n ilk n枚vb蓹d蓹 bil蓹r biz
g枚st蓹rdi, getm蓹k v蓹 蓹v蓹z var

145
00:06:59,440 --> 00:07:03,570
32 m蓹nim kodu 52 b眉t眉n hallarda.

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>> Amma burada, m蓹n # m眉蓹yy蓹n 蓹g蓹r g枚y蓹rt蓹 枚l莽眉s眉
m蓹nim kodu 莽ox 眉st 32 kimi,

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00:07:07,940 --> 00:07:11,730
M蓹n bunu d蓹yi艧m蓹k laz谋md谋r, 蓹g蓹r, m蓹n
yaln谋z getm蓹k v蓹 bir 艧ey d蓹yi艧ir.

148
00:07:11,730 --> 00:07:15,010
M蓹nim kodu compile v蓹 b眉t眉n
ani vasit蓹sil蓹 t蓹bli臒 edir.

149
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茝slind蓹, biz g枚y蓹rt蓹 d蓹yi艧蓹 bil蓹rsiniz
biz ist蓹diyiniz h蓹r hans谋 bir d蓹y蓹ri 枚l莽眉s眉.

150
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>> M蓹n 眉莽眉n gedir
g枚y蓹rt蓹 枚l莽眉s眉 alma oyun?

151
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>> M蓹n Doug Lloyd edir蓹m.

152
00:07:23,430 --> 00:07:25,840
Bu CS50 edir.

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00:07:25,840 --> 00:07:27,772