1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:05,950 2 00:00:05,950 --> 00:00:09,310 >> SPIKA: Hebu majadiliano juu ya lingine protocol-- HyperText Transfer 3 00:00:09,310 --> 00:00:12,060 Itifaki, au HTTP. 4 00:00:12,060 --> 00:00:15,074 Hivyo tumekuwa aliyesema kuhusu IP na TCP katika video uliopita. 5 00:00:15,074 --> 00:00:17,240 Na wale ni itifaki kwamba kulazimisha jinsi habari 6 00:00:17,240 --> 00:00:20,970 hatua kutoka mashine ya mashine na kutoka mpango wa mpango au huduma 7 00:00:20,970 --> 00:00:27,720 kwa huduma kupitia mtandao, kupitia mtandao huu wa ruta na mashine. 8 00:00:27,720 --> 00:00:30,640 >> Lakini hiyo ni kawaida si picha nzima, sawa? 9 00:00:30,640 --> 00:00:33,530 Kwa kawaida wakati sisi kutuma Maelezo, mpango 10 00:00:33,530 --> 00:00:36,570 itself-- wakati data ni kupokea, kusema, kwa mfano, 11 00:00:36,570 --> 00:00:44,270 katika barua pepe kupitia TCP bandari 25 au mtandao ombi ukurasa kupitia bandari 80, 12 00:00:44,270 --> 00:00:48,220 kuna kawaida mfumo wa sheria huko na mchakato kile nimekuwa tu kupokelewa. 13 00:00:48,220 --> 00:00:51,960 Na HTTP ni mfano ya tu vile itifaki. 14 00:00:51,960 --> 00:00:54,929 >> HTTP ni tu maombi safu itifaki 15 00:00:54,929 --> 00:00:56,220 kwamba sisi ni kwenda kuzungumza kuhusu. 16 00:00:56,220 --> 00:00:59,660 Lakini ni kuweka nyingine sheria kulazimisha jinsi 17 00:00:59,660 --> 00:01:02,790 kampuni ni kuwa zinaa na kusindika kupitia mtandao. 18 00:01:02,790 --> 00:01:06,390 Hasa, HTTP bayana hasa jinsi 19 00:01:06,390 --> 00:01:11,300 mtu lazima kufanya ombi kwa ukurasa wa mtandao na hasa jinsi 20 00:01:11,300 --> 00:01:15,160 server, mashine kwamba majeshi kurasa za mtandao, 21 00:01:15,160 --> 00:01:17,840 alitangaza habari kwamba nyuma kwa wateja. 22 00:01:17,840 --> 00:01:20,010 >> Hivyo itifaki hii haina kweli kuwa kitu chochote 23 00:01:20,010 --> 00:01:22,270 cha kufanya na jinsi habari hatua kutoka hatua 24 00:01:22,270 --> 00:01:26,090 kwa uhakika B. Ni kweli mfumo wa sheria 25 00:01:26,090 --> 00:01:29,700 for-- ni kimsingi sheria za ushiriki wa kufanya kazi na mtandao, 26 00:01:29,700 --> 00:01:31,960 sawa na wakati mtu mawimbi mkono wao katika wewe, 27 00:01:31,960 --> 00:01:33,410 wewe walidhani kukitikisa nyuma. 28 00:01:33,410 --> 00:01:36,280 Hiyo ni aina ya kawaida ya binadamu itifaki. 29 00:01:36,280 --> 00:01:39,610 HTTP itifaki tu anasema, kama unataka kuomba mtandao 30 00:01:39,610 --> 00:01:42,730 ukurasa, kuhakikisha inaonekana wako format kama hii aina ya kama formatting 31 00:01:42,730 --> 00:01:44,930 barua ya biashara, kwa mfano. 32 00:01:44,930 --> 00:01:50,029 Na majibu mapenzi vile vile kuja kwa mujibu wa itifaki hii. 33 00:01:50,029 --> 00:01:51,820 Kuna wengine itifaki maombi safu 34 00:01:51,820 --> 00:01:53,380 kwamba sisi siyo kwenda majadiliano juu katika video. 35 00:01:53,380 --> 00:01:55,790 Lakini hizi ni pamoja na mambo kama Picha Transfer Itifaki, 36 00:01:55,790 --> 00:01:59,200 Rahisi Barua Transfer Itifaki kwa kutuma barua pepe, Takwimu usambazaji 37 00:01:59,200 --> 00:02:02,100 Huduma, Remote Desktop Itifaki, RDP, ambayo 38 00:02:02,100 --> 00:02:05,590 hutumika kama unataka remotely upatikanaji kompyuta yako kutoka kompyuta nyingine, 39 00:02:05,590 --> 00:02:08,479 XMPP, ambayo ni mara nyingi inayojulikana kama Jabber au mazungumzo, 40 00:02:08,479 --> 00:02:11,160 hivyo hii ni itifaki kwa kutumia huduma ya mazungumzo. 41 00:02:11,160 --> 00:02:13,310 Na kuna watu wengi, wengi, wengine wengi. 42 00:02:13,310 --> 00:02:15,900 >> Hivyo kila wakati unatumia huduma, huduma 43 00:02:15,900 --> 00:02:18,930 inatarajia taarifa kuwa received-- ombi 44 00:02:18,930 --> 00:02:21,010 kuwa received-- katika muundo sana hasa 45 00:02:21,010 --> 00:02:24,070 na inahitajika kurudi nyuma maelezo 46 00:02:24,070 --> 00:02:27,190 katika muundo sana hasa kama vizuri. 47 00:02:27,190 --> 00:02:31,750 >> Basi hebu kwenda nyuma ya mchoro wetu mmoja wetu kutaka kuzungumza na biashara. 48 00:02:31,750 --> 00:02:34,810 Hivyo sisi ni furaha, na tunataka kwenda cats.com, sawa? 49 00:02:34,810 --> 00:02:38,550 Hivyo kama tunazungumzia tu kwa cats.com, tupate kusema kitu kama hey, 50 00:02:38,550 --> 00:02:39,720 naweza kuona ukurasa wako nyumbani? 51 00:02:39,720 --> 00:02:42,320 Na cats.com pengine kujibu, yeah, uhakika. 52 00:02:42,320 --> 00:02:43,440 Hapa kwenda. 53 00:02:43,440 --> 00:02:46,440 Hivyo hiyo ni aina ya binadamu ya kuuliza-na-jibu. 54 00:02:46,440 --> 00:02:47,980 >> Je, hiyo kuangalia kama katika HTTP? 55 00:02:47,980 --> 00:02:51,340 Naam, ni kweli aina ya inasababisha pretty cleanly kwa kitu kama hiki. 56 00:02:51,340 --> 00:02:57,290 Tunaweza kusema GET / HTTP / 1.1 kutoka jeshi cats.com. 57 00:02:57,290 --> 00:03:03,039 Hivyo kimsingi nini mimi kufanya hapa ni kuomba mtandao ukurasa www.cats.com/. 58 00:03:03,039 --> 00:03:05,330 Sisi kwa kawaida saza kufyeka siku hizi, lakini kwamba ingekuwa tu 59 00:03:05,330 --> 00:03:07,200 maana Mzee cats.com ya. 60 00:03:07,200 --> 00:03:11,910 >> Oh, na kwa njia, mimi nina kwenda kuwa kutumia HTTP toleo la 61 00:03:11,910 --> 00:03:14,182 1.1 kuwasiliana na wewe. 62 00:03:14,182 --> 00:03:16,390 Hiyo ni aina ya sawa na akisema, kama, kwa njia, 63 00:03:16,390 --> 00:03:17,870 Mimi nina kwenda kuongea katika Kifaransa, au kwa njia, 64 00:03:17,870 --> 00:03:19,370 Mimi nina kwenda kuwa akizungumza kwa lugha ya Kiingereza. 65 00:03:19,370 --> 00:03:22,160 Hiyo tu muundo wa itifaki. 66 00:03:22,160 --> 00:03:25,050 Ni pia 1.0, ambayo ni si kawaida kutumika tena. 67 00:03:25,050 --> 00:03:30,615 Hivyo mimi nina akizungumza HTTP 1.1, na Napenda www.cats.com/. 68 00:03:30,615 --> 00:03:31,710 Tafadhali kupata kwamba kwa ajili yangu. 69 00:03:31,710 --> 00:03:34,610 >> Na kisha kuna taarifa nyingine, too-- dot, dot, dot huko, 70 00:03:34,610 --> 00:03:38,234 ambayo ni habari kuhusu wewe ni nani ili cats.com 71 00:03:38,234 --> 00:03:39,400 kujua ambapo kutuma hiyo. 72 00:03:39,400 --> 00:03:41,480 Lakini haya ni wawili aina ya sehemu muhimu 73 00:03:41,480 --> 00:03:44,000 mwanzoni kabisa ya HTTP request-- 74 00:03:44,000 --> 00:03:46,770 kama wakati wa kuanza barua unasema, wapenzi, tupu. 75 00:03:46,770 --> 00:03:49,710 Hii ni sawa sana katika roho na kwamba. 76 00:03:49,710 --> 00:03:52,370 >> Na kama cats.com ni kwenda kusema, loo, hakika, hapa kwenda. 77 00:03:52,370 --> 00:03:55,590 Wapate kujibu kama Haya Mimi pia kujibu. 78 00:03:55,590 --> 00:03:57,960 Mimi pia kuzungumza HTTP 1.1. 79 00:03:57,960 --> 00:04:01,720 Ombi lako ni kupitishwa, 200 sawa. 80 00:04:01,720 --> 00:04:04,709 Nini wewe ni kuhusu kupokea ni HTML na kisha 81 00:04:04,709 --> 00:04:06,250 dot, dot, dot baadhi ya taarifa za ziada. 82 00:04:06,250 --> 00:04:10,620 Na chini kabisa ya ombi ni kweli HTML, 83 00:04:10,620 --> 00:04:16,339 lugha ghafi, maudhui ya Mzee cats.com ya. 84 00:04:16,339 --> 00:04:21,227 >> Hivyo HTTP / 1.1-- Mimi kukiri yako ombi lilikubaliwa kupitia HTTP 1.1. 85 00:04:21,227 --> 00:04:22,310 Ombi lako kupitishwa. 86 00:04:22,310 --> 00:04:25,810 Siwezi kukupa nini unataka, 200 sawa. 87 00:04:25,810 --> 00:04:27,440 Wewe ni kuhusu kupata HTML. 88 00:04:27,440 --> 00:04:30,450 Na kisha hapa ni HTML kwamba ombi. 89 00:04:30,450 --> 00:04:33,930 >> Lakini wakati mwingine maombi yetu hawana daima kwenda kabisa kulingana na mpango. 90 00:04:33,930 --> 00:04:37,100 Naweza kuona cats.html ukurasa wako? 91 00:04:37,100 --> 00:04:40,366 Naam, nini kama wanasema, sisi hawana ukurasa cats.html, 92 00:04:40,366 --> 00:04:42,740 ambayo inaonekana aina ya unrealistic kwa sababu wao ni cats.com. 93 00:04:42,740 --> 00:04:44,400 Wewe d kufikiri wangeweza kuwa cats.html. 94 00:04:44,400 --> 00:04:45,420 Lakini Sawa. 95 00:04:45,420 --> 00:04:48,484 Hivyo hii ni aina ya kawaida mahusiano ya binadamu 96 00:04:48,484 --> 00:04:49,650 tumekuwa sasa alikuwa na cats.com. 97 00:04:49,650 --> 00:04:51,060 Ni kwa jinsi gani kwamba kutafsiri? 98 00:04:51,060 --> 00:04:52,726 >> Hii inaweza kuwa kitu ukoo na wewe. 99 00:04:52,726 --> 00:04:55,690 Ombi letu inaonekana sawa, isipokuwa badala ya kupata kufyeka 100 00:04:55,690 --> 00:04:58,110 sisi ni sasa kupata cats.html. 101 00:04:58,110 --> 00:05:01,810 Hivyo sasa nini kimsingi nzima hii ombi ni kusema ni tafadhali nipe 102 00:05:01,810 --> 00:05:05,620 www.cats.com/cats.html. 103 00:05:05,620 --> 00:05:08,700 Hivyo jeshi na katikati sehemu ya line ambayo juu 104 00:05:08,700 --> 00:05:14,632 kuna zinaonyesha just nini ukurasa Ninakuuliza kwa. 105 00:05:14,632 --> 00:05:17,590 Lakini cats.com katika kesi hii si kwenda kuwa na uwezo wa kujibu kwa matumaini. 106 00:05:17,590 --> 00:05:19,089 Hawajui tunazungumzia. 107 00:05:19,089 --> 00:05:25,170 Na hivyo hili ni jambo unaweza kuwa kuonekana kabla, HTTP 1.1 404 Haukupatikana. 108 00:05:25,170 --> 00:05:27,180 Sikuweza kupata kile ungekuwa kuomba. 109 00:05:27,180 --> 00:05:30,460 Kwa njia, mimi nina kwenda kukupa nyuma baadhi HTML, na kwa kawaida kwamba HTML 110 00:05:30,460 --> 00:05:32,351 ni maudhui ya baadhi ukurasa 404. 111 00:05:32,351 --> 00:05:34,100 Na katika kesi ya cats.com, pengine ni 112 00:05:34,100 --> 00:05:37,720 baadhi ya paka cute katika kikapu na kusikitisha 404 uso wa pili wao, 113 00:05:37,720 --> 00:05:40,920 kwa sababu wewe ni kwenda kuwa huzuni wakati huwezi kupata ukurasa 114 00:05:40,920 --> 00:05:43,040 kwamba walikuwa wanatafuta. 115 00:05:43,040 --> 00:05:48,520 >> Hiyo ni aina ya mambo ya msingi ya kile itifaki, maombi HTTP itifaki 116 00:05:48,520 --> 00:05:49,180 kuangalia kama. 117 00:05:49,180 --> 00:05:52,640 Wao ni kweli sawa na jinsi sisi zingeweza mwingiliano sawa 118 00:05:52,640 --> 00:05:55,460 katika mikataba tu binadamu kuomba kitu 119 00:05:55,460 --> 00:05:58,250 na kupata nyuma au kuandika barua na wanatarajia mwitikio 120 00:05:58,250 --> 00:06:00,380 barua katika muundo fulani. 121 00:06:00,380 --> 00:06:03,910 Hiyo ni pretty kiasi gani HTTP ni canonicalizing tu 122 00:06:03,910 --> 00:06:10,190 ajili ya vifaa vyote kwamba unataka kupata kurasa za mtandao, uhamisho HyperText. 123 00:06:10,190 --> 00:06:15,110 >> Hivyo mstari wa fomu, hii Njia ombi Lengo HTTP toleo la, 124 00:06:15,110 --> 00:06:17,100 inaitwa ombi HTTP line. 125 00:06:17,100 --> 00:06:23,740 Ni kawaida jambo la kwanza kwamba ni zinaa kama sehemu ya ombi HTTP 126 00:06:23,740 --> 00:06:26,180 au kama wewe ni kuuliza kwa HTTP. 127 00:06:26,180 --> 00:06:29,970 Ni aina ya kama, kama nilivyosema, akisema wapenzi, tupu juu barua yako. 128 00:06:29,970 --> 00:06:32,880 Wanajua kwamba wewe ni kuwaandikia barua. 129 00:06:32,880 --> 00:06:34,796 Hivyo hii ni sawa kwa kusema, najua 130 00:06:34,796 --> 00:06:37,670 kwamba wao ni kufanya ombi HTTP na hii ni format fulani 131 00:06:37,670 --> 00:06:39,090 wao ni kuuliza kwa. 132 00:06:39,090 --> 00:06:43,810 >> HTTP toleo la pengine ni daima itakuwa HTTP / 1/1. 133 00:06:43,810 --> 00:06:46,670 1.0 pia lipo lakini sio kweli kutumika tena. 134 00:06:46,670 --> 00:06:49,200 Kwa madhumuni ya CS50, GET pengine ni daima 135 00:06:49,200 --> 00:06:51,540 nini wewe kwenda kuwa kutumia wakati wewe ni kweli 136 00:06:51,540 --> 00:06:54,250 kufanya maombi ya moja kwa moja HTTP. 137 00:06:54,250 --> 00:06:57,720 Lakini POST ni chaguo jingine kwamba tuko si kwenda kuzungumza kuhusu hivi sasa. 138 00:06:57,720 --> 00:07:02,980 Na kisha ombi-Lengo ni nini ukurasa kwenye kompyuta jeshi la 139 00:07:02,980 --> 00:07:05,812 ungependa kupata. 140 00:07:05,812 --> 00:07:08,020 Kama nilivyosema, kwamba jina jeshi ni mstari tofauti, kwa kawaida 141 00:07:08,020 --> 00:07:10,350 mstari wa pili wa ombi kwa ujumla. 142 00:07:10,350 --> 00:07:13,660 Na hivyo kuchukuliwa kwa pamoja, jeshi jina na ombi Lengo 143 00:07:13,660 --> 00:07:16,070 kutaja maalum rasilimali kuwa walitaka. 144 00:07:16,070 --> 00:07:20,986 Katika mfano wetu wa pili 404 iliyopita, mimi alikuwa kuuliza tena kwa www.cats.com, 145 00:07:20,986 --> 00:07:22,940 cats.com kuwa mwenyeji. 146 00:07:22,940 --> 00:07:26,300 Na katika ombi langu line, Nilisema /cats.html. 147 00:07:26,300 --> 00:07:27,790 Hiyo ilikuwa ni ombi langu lengo. 148 00:07:27,790 --> 00:07:31,200 Hivyo jumla nilikuwa kuuliza kwa yaliyomo au rasilimali iko 149 00:07:31,200 --> 00:07:36,410 katika www.cats.com/cats.html. 150 00:07:36,410 --> 00:07:38,870 >> Na kisha kulingana na kama rasilimali ipo 151 00:07:38,870 --> 00:07:42,160 na kama server inaweza kutoa rasilimali kwa mujibu wa mteja 152 00:07:42,160 --> 00:07:46,760 ombi, unaweza kupata codes hali mbalimbali nyuma. 153 00:07:46,760 --> 00:07:50,280 Baadhi ya kanuni hizi hali wameweza kuona kwa sababu wao ni sehemu ya majibu. 154 00:07:50,280 --> 00:07:53,580 Baadhi yao, 200 sawa, ni pengine pretty kimya. 155 00:07:53,580 --> 00:07:55,650 Ve pengine kamwe kuona ukurasa kujibu 200 sawa. 156 00:07:55,650 --> 00:07:56,890 Wewe tu kupata ukurasa. 157 00:07:56,890 --> 00:08:01,260 Siyo kama 404 makosa, ambayo ni kawaida pretty wazi. 158 00:08:01,260 --> 00:08:03,850 Kwa kawaida kuona kwamba inasema 404. 159 00:08:03,850 --> 00:08:06,880 >> Basi hebu majadiliano juu ya kile baadhi ya ya namba wale hadhi inaweza kuwa. 160 00:08:06,880 --> 00:08:09,660 Tena, wakati server anaitikia kwa sisi, wao uko 161 00:08:09,660 --> 00:08:12,120 kwenda kujibu HTTP toleo la sasa. 162 00:08:12,120 --> 00:08:14,020 Kwa kawaida HTTP / 1.1. 163 00:08:14,020 --> 00:08:17,410 Codes hali ni hizi kwenda kuwa nini? 164 00:08:17,410 --> 00:08:18,890 Naam, tunaweza kupata mafanikio. 165 00:08:18,890 --> 00:08:23,617 Hivyo katika jamii na mafanikio, sisi inaweza kupata kanuni 200 na maandishi Sawa. 166 00:08:23,617 --> 00:08:24,450 Hii ina maana gani? 167 00:08:24,450 --> 00:08:25,491 Naam, kila kitu ni nzuri. 168 00:08:25,491 --> 00:08:26,721 Wewe alifanya ombi halali. 169 00:08:26,721 --> 00:08:27,720 Hapa ni majibu halali. 170 00:08:27,720 --> 00:08:30,060 Nilikuwa na uwezo wa kutoa hasa nini alitaka. 171 00:08:30,060 --> 00:08:33,080 >> Wakati mwingine unaweza kupata mambo mengine kwamba huwezi taarifa mara moja 172 00:08:33,080 --> 00:08:35,140 lakini ni kiasi fulani kushindwa. 173 00:08:35,140 --> 00:08:36,422 Wao ni kuitwa redirections. 174 00:08:36,422 --> 00:08:37,630 Kuna wale wawili kawaida hapa. 175 00:08:37,630 --> 00:08:41,520 301 Wakiongozwa Permanently-- nini hii kimsingi ina maana 176 00:08:41,520 --> 00:08:43,559 ni ukurasa ilivyo sasa katika eneo mpya. 177 00:08:43,559 --> 00:08:44,920 Itakuwa kuishi huko milele. 178 00:08:44,920 --> 00:08:47,150 Na browsers wengi mapenzi moja kwa moja kuelekeza wewe. 179 00:08:47,150 --> 00:08:49,860 Hivyo hutaweza kweli kuona 301, aidha, kama wewe ni 180 00:08:49,860 --> 00:08:52,210 kutumia kweli nje ya tarehe browser, pengine, 181 00:08:52,210 --> 00:08:57,660 kwa sababu 301 mwitikio ni sehemu ya dot, dot, dot ya 301 majibu. 182 00:08:57,660 --> 00:08:59,577 Pia anaelezea ambapo ukurasa mpya ni. 183 00:08:59,577 --> 00:09:01,660 Na hivyo browsers wengi mapenzi tu kuelekeza wewe huko, 184 00:09:01,660 --> 00:09:03,570 kuchukua kwamba unataka kwenda huko. 185 00:09:03,570 --> 00:09:05,440 >> Wakati mwingine utasikia pia kupata 302 kupatikana. 186 00:09:05,440 --> 00:09:07,850 Na hii moja wewe kweli Huenda bado kuona mara kwa mara. 187 00:09:07,850 --> 00:09:09,720 Wakati mwingine kurasa kusonga kwa muda. 188 00:09:09,720 --> 00:09:13,570 Hivyo si kwenda kuwa kujengwa katika ombi kuwaambia kisakuzi 189 00:09:13,570 --> 00:09:16,740 kudumu mabadiliko wakati wowote anaona ombi kwamba 190 00:09:16,740 --> 00:09:18,255 kufanya mabadiliko hayo kwa kitu kingine. 191 00:09:18,255 --> 00:09:21,210 Hivyo unaweza kuona 302 Kupatikana, ambayo kimsingi 192 00:09:21,210 --> 00:09:22,710 Anasema ukurasa huu anaishi mahali pengine. 193 00:09:22,710 --> 00:09:24,418 Lakini si kwenda kuishi huko milele. 194 00:09:24,418 --> 00:09:29,052 Ni hatimaye pengine kwenda nyuma ambapo unafikiri ni. 195 00:09:29,052 --> 00:09:31,780 >> Basi itabidi kupata mambo kama makosa mteja. 196 00:09:31,780 --> 00:09:34,012 Hivyo hawa ndio umefanya pengine kuona, sasa. 197 00:09:34,012 --> 00:09:35,970 Pengine hawajaona 200s au 300s, 198 00:09:35,970 --> 00:09:37,370 lakini wewe pengine ukoo na 400s. 199 00:09:37,370 --> 00:09:40,130 Na kwamba ni nini tutaweza majadiliano kuhusu katika pili, 500s pia. 200 00:09:40,130 --> 00:09:42,580 >> Unaweza kuona 401 ruhusa. 201 00:09:42,580 --> 00:09:45,100 Kwa kawaida hii ina maana wewe ni kujaribu kupata ukurasa, 202 00:09:45,100 --> 00:09:46,230 lakini wewe si watumiaji katika. 203 00:09:46,230 --> 00:09:50,500 Hivyo kujaribu na kwenda kwa baadhi ya profile au kitu katika Picha 204 00:09:50,500 --> 00:09:53,106 au wewe kujaribu na upatikanaji some-- uko katika kazi. 205 00:09:53,106 --> 00:09:56,619 Wewe ni kujaribu kupata kitu kwenye mtandao kazi yako, 206 00:09:56,619 --> 00:09:57,660 lakini wewe si watumiaji katika. 207 00:09:57,660 --> 00:09:58,740 Huwezi kuona ukurasa. 208 00:09:58,740 --> 00:10:01,770 Unaweza kupata 401 ruhusa, ambayo ina maana sisi pengine 209 00:10:01,770 --> 00:10:06,590 utakuwa na uwezo wa kukidhi ombi hili, lakini kwanza unahitaji kuingia kwenye kufanya hivyo. 210 00:10:06,590 --> 00:10:09,590 >> Kwa upande mwingine, unaweza kupata 403 Haramu, ambayo ni ni kweli haina 211 00:10:09,590 --> 00:10:11,490 jambo kama umeingia katika au la. 212 00:10:11,490 --> 00:10:13,020 Ombi hili la hairuhusiwi. 213 00:10:13,020 --> 00:10:15,320 Rasilimali ipo kwenye kompyuta. 214 00:10:15,320 --> 00:10:17,817 Lakini wewe hawaruhusiwi kupata huduma hiyo. 215 00:10:17,817 --> 00:10:20,900 Hii ni mafaili kawaida ndani kwamba kuishi kwenye kompyuta kwa sababu mbalimbali 216 00:10:20,900 --> 00:10:23,860 lakini si lengo la kuwa kupatikana kutoka nchi za nje, 217 00:10:23,860 --> 00:10:25,030 na hivyo ni haramu. 218 00:10:25,030 --> 00:10:27,120 Wanaishi huko. 219 00:10:27,120 --> 00:10:28,440 Sisemi siwezi kupata hiyo. 220 00:10:28,440 --> 00:10:30,030 Lakini mimi kusema siwezi kukupa wewe. 221 00:10:30,030 --> 00:10:32,071 Na haijalishi kama umeingia katika au la. 222 00:10:32,071 --> 00:10:35,479 Na kisha bila shaka, kawaida sana 404 Haukupatikana. 223 00:10:35,479 --> 00:10:37,020 Faili haipo kwenye kompyuta. 224 00:10:37,020 --> 00:10:40,200 Napenda ili kukidhi ombi lako, lakini siwezi. 225 00:10:40,200 --> 00:10:43,390 >> Wewe pia wakati mwingine kuona server makosa, kawaida kwa ujumla 226 00:10:43,390 --> 00:10:46,990 kuwa 500 Ndani Server Error, ambayo haina kweli kukuambia chochote 227 00:10:46,990 --> 00:10:50,200 wakati wote kuhusu yale yamepita vibaya. 228 00:10:50,200 --> 00:10:53,290 Lakini siyo kweli wewe kufanya makosa katika ombi lako. 229 00:10:53,290 --> 00:10:58,200 Ni kweli server kushindwa kutoa juu ya ombi kwa namna fulani. 230 00:10:58,200 --> 00:11:00,040 Hivyo 500 ni majibu kwa ujumla. 231 00:11:00,040 --> 00:11:03,190 >> Utapata pia kuona kitu kama Huduma hazipatikani, 232 00:11:03,190 --> 00:11:05,720 ambayo naamini ni kanuni 503. 233 00:11:05,720 --> 00:11:07,882 Na Gateway Timeout-- kama Umewahi ukurasa tu 234 00:11:07,882 --> 00:11:09,590 kukaa huko kupakia na kupakia na kupakia 235 00:11:09,590 --> 00:11:12,715 na huwezi kujua kama ni kwenda mzigo na kisha hatimaye ni tu says-- 236 00:11:12,715 --> 00:11:13,650 tu anatoa up. 237 00:11:13,650 --> 00:11:15,460 Hiyo ni 504 Gateway umeisha. 238 00:11:15,460 --> 00:11:17,600 Server alitaka kutekeleza ombi lako, 239 00:11:17,600 --> 00:11:19,930 lakini kitu potoka kwenye kompyuta side-- 240 00:11:19,930 --> 00:11:24,452 si juu ya side-- yako kwa kuwafanya hao kuwa tatizo. 241 00:11:24,452 --> 00:11:27,410 Sasa, sisi inaweza kuishia hadithi hapa, lakini nini mimi kweli kwenda kufanya sasa 242 00:11:27,410 --> 00:11:29,368 ni mimi nina kwenda kufungua browser yangu na kuonyesha 243 00:11:29,368 --> 00:11:32,250 jinsi unaweza kuwa na uwezo wa kuona baadhi ya kanuni hizi hali 244 00:11:32,250 --> 00:11:34,580 hata kama huna ujumla kuona kwao. 245 00:11:34,580 --> 00:11:39,090 Na tunakwenda kufanya hivyo kwa kuchukua a tuangalie baadhi ya zana developer. 246 00:11:39,090 --> 00:11:42,050 >> Haki zote Hivyo hapa mimi sasa katika browser window yangu. 247 00:11:42,050 --> 00:11:45,840 Na mimi nataka kujifunza kidogo zaidi kuhusu maombi hayo HTTP. 248 00:11:45,840 --> 00:11:49,060 Jinsi gani Mimi najua hakika sisi kujua kama ukurasa goes-- wakati kitu fulani kitaenda vibaya, 249 00:11:49,060 --> 00:11:49,630 tunapata 404. 250 00:11:49,630 --> 00:11:50,465 Tumekuwa wote kuonekana kwamba. 251 00:11:50,465 --> 00:11:51,840 Hatuna haja ya kuonyesha kwamba. 252 00:11:51,840 --> 00:11:53,048 Lakini ni nini baadhi wale wengine? 253 00:11:53,048 --> 00:11:56,850 Na jinsi gani tunaona maombi hayo katika hatua? 254 00:11:56,850 --> 00:11:59,990 >> Jambo hivyo kwanza mimi nina kwenda kwa kufanya ni kufungua Developer Tools. 255 00:11:59,990 --> 00:12:02,580 Hivyo Developer Tools zimejengwa ndani ya browsers kisasa zaidi 256 00:12:02,580 --> 00:12:06,020 na kuruhusu sisi kuona mambo kwamba hatuna vinginevyo 257 00:12:06,020 --> 00:12:10,580 see-- baadhi ya taarifa za ziada aina ya kuwa zinaa chini mtandao wetu 258 00:12:10,580 --> 00:12:11,500 maombi. 259 00:12:11,500 --> 00:12:12,790 Mimi nina kutumia Google Chrome hapa. 260 00:12:12,790 --> 00:12:16,900 Na kufungua Developer Tools katika Chrome, wewe tu hit F-12, 261 00:12:16,900 --> 00:12:18,729 na ni kwenda kufungua it up upande. 262 00:12:18,729 --> 00:12:21,770 Mara baada ya mimi aina ya ombi, mimi itabidi kuvuta ili tuweze kuona nini kinaendelea hapa. 263 00:12:21,770 --> 00:12:28,530 Lakini nini mimi nina kwenda kufanya katika browser yangu bar is-- na mimi itabidi kuvuta juu ya here-- 264 00:12:28,530 --> 00:12:32,427 Mimi kufanya ombi kwa www.google.com. 265 00:12:32,427 --> 00:12:34,260 Tumekuwa wote pengine alifanya ombi hili kabla. 266 00:12:34,260 --> 00:12:35,400 Mimi nina kwenda hit Enter. 267 00:12:35,400 --> 00:12:41,920 268 00:12:41,920 --> 00:12:46,400 >> Sasa, zaidi ya hapa katika Developer yangu Vyombo vya, nimekuwa waliochaguliwa tabo Network. 269 00:12:46,400 --> 00:12:48,010 Na taarifa mambo mengi hapa. 270 00:12:48,010 --> 00:12:51,732 Angalia these-- 200 sawa, 200 sawa, baadhi ya kanuni hizi hali kuja juu. 271 00:12:51,732 --> 00:12:53,356 Mimi sijui ni kwa nini mimi nina kupata 302 zimepatikana. 272 00:12:53,356 --> 00:12:54,860 Sikuweza kutambua Ningependa kuona kwamba moja. 273 00:12:54,860 --> 00:12:58,192 Lakini kimsingi taarifa kwamba pretty sana, katika suala la Google request-- yangu 274 00:12:58,192 --> 00:13:00,150 Mimi alifanya rahisi sana ombi kwa ukurasa wa Google. 275 00:13:00,150 --> 00:13:02,890 Na katika mchakato wa kutoa ombi langu, 276 00:13:02,890 --> 00:13:05,670 Google ina inaonekana alifanya mengi ya maombi mengine kwa niaba yangu. 277 00:13:05,670 --> 00:13:11,990 >> Lakini nimepata alifanya kupata ombi kwa Google ukurasa na mimi nina kupata mengi ya 200 OKs. 278 00:13:11,990 --> 00:13:14,830 Mimi si kuona 200 sawa juu ya screen yangu, lakini mimi nina kupata 279 00:13:14,830 --> 00:13:17,170 mengi ya maombi ambayo yamefanywa. 280 00:13:17,170 --> 00:13:19,550 Moja zaidi kwamba mimi nina pretty uhakika ni kwenda kufanya kazi 281 00:13:19,550 --> 00:13:21,920 is-- kwa wale ambao ni kweli umri wa kwenda shule, 282 00:13:21,920 --> 00:13:26,012 nataka mjue kwamba Facebook ilikuwa si mara zote katika Facebook.com. 283 00:13:26,012 --> 00:13:29,780 Katika siku yake ya kwanza ilikuwa ni katika wwww.thefacebook.com. 284 00:13:29,780 --> 00:13:33,560 Wao inaonekana hawakuweza kupata kwa Facebook.com kwa muda kabisa. 285 00:13:33,560 --> 00:13:35,870 >> Na hivyo kile Mimi wanatarajia hapa ni kupata taarifa. 286 00:13:35,870 --> 00:13:37,315 Na tutaweza kuona kama hii sufuria nje. 287 00:13:37,315 --> 00:13:39,190 Nini mimi wanatarajia hapa ni kupata taarifa 288 00:13:39,190 --> 00:13:43,980 kwamba Facebook ameenda kudumu kutoka thefacebook.com kwa Facebook.com. 289 00:13:43,980 --> 00:13:46,830 Hivyo mimi nina wanatarajia mahali fulani karibu juu ya maombi yangu 290 00:13:46,830 --> 00:13:50,730 zaidi katika Developer yangu zana kupata 301 notisi 291 00:13:50,730 --> 00:13:52,580 kwamba Facebook ameenda kudumu. 292 00:13:52,580 --> 00:13:59,070 Tena, mimi si kuona 301 kwenye browser screen yangu. 293 00:13:59,070 --> 00:14:01,380 Na kwa sababu ni 301, ni hoja ya kudumu. 294 00:14:01,380 --> 00:14:03,500 Browser yangu, kuwa kwamba ni kivinjari cha kisasa, 295 00:14:03,500 --> 00:14:06,110 pengine ni kwenda kuelekeza mimi Facebook.com hata hivyo. 296 00:14:06,110 --> 00:14:07,260 Lakini hebu angalia nini kinatokea. 297 00:14:07,260 --> 00:14:09,340 >> Na sasa mimi nina kwenda kwenda thefacebook.com. 298 00:14:09,340 --> 00:14:11,370 Na yep, kuna ni haki juu. 299 00:14:11,370 --> 00:14:13,390 Ni akaenda, lakini ilikuwa huko. 300 00:14:13,390 --> 00:14:14,820 Hebu kitabu juu hapa. 301 00:14:14,820 --> 00:14:18,004 302 00:14:18,004 --> 00:14:18,920 Hapa hapa kwa juu. 303 00:14:18,920 --> 00:14:23,080 Mimi alifanya ombi thefacebook.com, na mimi nina kupata majibu 304 00:14:23,080 --> 00:14:25,410 kwamba ukurasa huu ameenda kudumu. 305 00:14:25,410 --> 00:14:27,770 Na kisha hapa ni 307 kuelekeza ndani. 306 00:14:27,770 --> 00:14:30,680 Na hivyo hii ni nini ina kweli wakiongozwa mimi mengi zaidi 307 00:14:30,680 --> 00:14:33,330 ukoo www.facebook.com. 308 00:14:33,330 --> 00:14:38,480 >> Hivyo kanuni hizi majibu kufanya bado kutokea, hata kama hatuwezi kuona kwao. 309 00:14:38,480 --> 00:14:40,710 Sitakuja kwa kuonyesha 401, 403, 404, 310 00:14:40,710 --> 00:14:43,090 kwa sababu umefanya pengine kuona wale katika vituo mbalimbali. 311 00:14:43,090 --> 00:14:45,740 Na 500, mimi ingekuwa tu kuwa aina of-- tunatarajia kupata bahati 312 00:14:45,740 --> 00:14:50,380 kama got 500 kwa sababu sisi hawajui nini watumishi kwa sasa chini mahali popote. 313 00:14:50,380 --> 00:14:53,060 Lakini kanuni hizi kufanya zipo, na kuna njia 314 00:14:53,060 --> 00:14:58,610 kupata huduma hizo hata kama hatuna kuwaona firsthand juu ya mifumo yetu. 315 00:14:58,610 --> 00:14:59,530 Mimi nina Doug Lloyd. 316 00:14:59,530 --> 00:15:01,570 Hii ni CS50. 317 00:15:01,570 --> 00:15:03,557