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[Music kucheza]

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EZRA Zigmond: Hi, kila mtu.

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Shukrani kwa kuja nje leo.

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Semina hii ni "chatu
Mtandao Apps kwa chupa. "

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>> Kwa hiyo, mimi nina kwenda kuwa kuzungumza
kidogo kuhusu nini

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unaweza kutaka kutumia chupa ya kufanya
programu mtandao na chatu, kinyume

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kwa baadhi mifumo mingine huko nje, kama
Django, ambayo ni wengi maalumu.

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Subtitle ni "na
peewee, "ambayo ni kitu

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sisi ni kwenda kuzungumza kuhusu jinsi
kuingiliana na database SQL.

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Inafanya kweli ni nzuri.

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>> Kwa hiyo, hapa tu rundown ya haraka
ya nini nataka kwenda juu.

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Hivyo, kwanza, tu slide moja
kwamba kinaendelea kuwa quickstart,

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ambayo ni jinsi ya kupata kila kitu
kuanzisha kwenye kompyuta yako.

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Mimi nina kwenda kuwa wakiandamana
huu juu ya mitaa Mac mashine yangu,

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kwa sababu tu hapo ndipo mimi tumefanya hii
kabla, mimi nina starehe na ni wengi,

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lakini hii ni dhahiri
iwezekanavyo juu CD50 IDE.

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>> Hivyo, baada ya hapo, nataka
kuanzisha kile chupa ni,

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na kuwashawishi kwa nini unapaswa
matumizi yake katika nafasi ya kwanza.

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Kisha, mimi nitakupa haraka
mfano wa nini

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anaweza kufanya katika chupa, mfano wa haraka
ya nini unaweza kufanya katika peewee,

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na kisha mimi nitakuonyesha zaidi
kamili mfano maombi

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kwamba mimi kuweka pamoja kwamba sisi
Unaweza kutembea kwa njia ya pamoja.

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>> Na kisha hatimaye, katika
slide mwisho, nina

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rasilimali baadhi kwamba ukiangalia
katika online kwa maelezo zaidi.

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Hii si kamili
mafunzo ya jinsi ya kutumia chupa.

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Na mimi itabidi kuondoka matumaini
muda kwa ajili ya maswali.

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Mtu yeyote kuangalia ndani ya nchi, tu
kama, kelele nje katikati

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kama una maswali yoyote.

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>> Hivyo haraka mambo ufungaji,
kama unataka kufuata pamoja,

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au kama unataka kupata hii
up kwenye mashine yako mwenyewe,

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Mimi itakuwa ni ya kutumia Python 2.7.10.

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Chupa anafanya kazi kwa
Chatu 3, lakini mimi kama

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kutumia chatu 2, kwa sababu kuna
baadhi fedha chatu kwamba

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hawana kazi na 3 bado.

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Kama una pip imewekwa, ambayo
ni meneja chatu mfuko,

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Nadhani kama chatu yako ni
zaidi au sawa na 2.7.9,

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una hiyo imewekwa tayari, ni
super rahisi kufunga vifurushi haya.

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>> Unaweza kufanya pip kufunga
Chupa, pip kufunga peewee,

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Kwa kawaida una kuendesha sudo tu
ili ruhusa ya kufanya kazi nje.

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Na, kama wewe ni kutumia
super toleo la zamani wa chatu,

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Mimi kupendekeza kuhuisha chatu yako,
au kutumia EasyInstall kufunga pip.

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Hivyo, swali la pili ni, ni nini chupa?

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Na mimi nadhani, kwanza
swali busara mimi najiuliza

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kwa muda mrefu ni, ni nini programu mtandao?

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Kwa sababu hiyo ni neno kwamba mimi
kufikiri ni kutupwa karibu sana

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kwamba mimi si kweli kujua.

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Na nadhani kwamba bora
mfano wa nini programu mtandao ni,

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kweli ni CS50 Fedha, ambapo
ni kweli si tu tovuti,

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lakini ni kitu ambacho
inaweza aina ya kiutendaji na.

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Kuna akaunti za watumiaji na
kila aina ya mambo mbalimbali.

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Kwa hiyo, ambapo hasa wewe kuteka
mstari kati ya kile ni tovuti,

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na ni nini programu ya mtandao, ni aina ya
holela, lakini mimi nadhani wazo,

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ni kitu zaidi ya tovuti
na ni maombi muhimu.

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>> Hivyo, chupa ni mfumo wa
kufanya programu mtandao kwa kutumia chatu.

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Na natumaini ifikapo mwishoni
ya hii, mimi itakuwa kuwashawishi

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kwamba unaweza kweli kuandika kitu
kama CS50 Fedha kwa kutumia Python, ambayo mimi

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kama mengi zaidi kuliko PHP, binafsi.

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>> Hivyo, chupa ni, wao kuwaita
microframework, na ambayo,

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maana yake ni sana
rahisi, lakini extensible.

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Hivyo, ina nini unahitaji tu,
lakini kama unataka makala zaidi,

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ni rahisi kuwaleta katika.

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Lakini kwa sababu tu ni
microframework, hana

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maana kwamba ni tu kwa ajili ya miradi midogo.

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Nina kiungo hapa kwamba anasema
kwamba Obama kutumika chupa mwaka 2012

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kwa kampeni zake
tovuti, ambayo hopefully,

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ni kitu cha mhuri.

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Lakini jambo lile mimi
kweli kama kuhusu chupa

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ni kwamba, haina kweli kufanya
aina yoyote ya maamuzi kwa ajili yenu.

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Tu kwa sababu tuko
kuzungumza juu ya programu mtandao,

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Mimi na kulinganisha kwa Ruby juu ya
Reli na Django, wote wawili ambao

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ni mfumo wa kubwa, lakini
wawili hao kufanya mawazo

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kuhusu jinsi gani unataka
kuingiliana na database,

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jinsi gani unataka kuwasilisha yako
maoni, na wao uko dhahiri

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masuala nzuri ya jambo hilo.

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>> Kwa mfano, Ruby juu ya reli
ina mfumo huu kazi rekodi,

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ambayo kwa kweli ni nzuri
njia ya kiutendaji na data,

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lakini kama unataka kutumia Ruby juu
Reli, wewe ni aina ya amefungwa katika hiyo.

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Lakini pamoja na chupa, kama mimi itabidi
kuonyesha kwa peewee,

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unaweza kutumia aina yoyote
ya database unataka,

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na unaweza tu kuvuta kwamba katika
kama ugani katika chupa.

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>> Hivyo ndiyo sababu mimi kwa kweli
kama chupa, ni kwamba

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haina kufanya mawazo kwa ajili yenu
kulingana na mambo huna haja kweli.

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>> Hivyo, kwa nini matumizi ya chupa?

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Faida ni, ni tu
ina kweli makala ya msingi

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kujengwa ndani yake ambayo unahitaji.

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Hivyo, huna kuwa na wasiwasi kuhusu
kuelewa rundo zima la mambo

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kwamba huna kweli wanahitaji.

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Wewe huna kuwa na wasiwasi
kuhusu kugeuka mbali makala

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kwamba huna kweli wanahitaji.

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>> Na, kama nilivyoeleza, ni super
rahisi kuongeza katika upanuzi wa mambo

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kwamba huna haja.

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Baadhi yao, chupa ina
msaada wao wenyewe kwa ajili yake.

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Hivyo kuna kitu kinachoitwa chupa
admin, ambayo vioo kwamba admin

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jopo kwamba Django hutoa,
ambayo inatoa nzuri Visual njia

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kusimamia tovuti yako.

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Lakini tena, kama wewe ni
kufanya kitu rahisi,

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pengine hawana haja admin kubwa
jopo, hivyo nadhani hiyo ni super nzuri.

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Na hasara ni kwamba
una uwezo kidogo nje ya boksi.

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Hivyo, wakati wewe kwanza kufungua chupa,
na katika mpango wako chatu,

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wewe tu aina kutoka chupa
kuagiza *, au chochote,

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huna hasa kupata yote ya
Makala unaweza kutaka.

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Na hivyo kuwa na zaidi waziwazi
orodha makala unataka.

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Hivyo hiyo ni moja hasara, lakini mimi
wanadhani kuwa kwa ajili ya kujenga ndogo mtandao

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programu kama mimi nina kwenda kuwa kuonyesha
wewe, hiyo ni kweli si tatizo.

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Na nini jambo la mwisho ni
anapaswa kusema, ambayo ni typo,

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ni kwamba kuna watu chini sanifu
mikataba kwa jinsi ya kutumia chupa,

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kwa sababu tu kuna si kama walio wengi
watu kuitumia kitaaluma

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ikilinganishwa na Django.

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Hivyo, kama wewe kuangalia kitu kama,
"jinsi gani mimi kufanya x" katika Django,

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pengine utasikia kupata hiyo.

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>> Kuna kubuni nzuri
ruwaza unaweza kutumia,

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lakini kwa chupa, ni
aina ya kwenda njia yako mwenyewe,

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tu kwa sababu ni
pretty ndogo maktaba.

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Basi hizo
hasara, lakini nadhani

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kwamba bado ni maktaba nzuri ya kutumia.

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>> Basi hebu tu kuruka haki katika chupa.

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Hii ni dhahiri si kwenda
kuwa mafunzo kamili,

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lakini ni kukupa wazo
ya jinsi ya kuunda vitu,

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na hivyo kujisikia vizuri kwenda
mbali na kuangalia nyaraka

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na kutafuta zaidi.

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>> Hivyo, napenda kufungua kweli
rahisi mfano kwa mara ya kwanza,

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na kuonyesha nini kwamba
Inaonekana kama, na kisha tutaweza

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kuvunja chini kidogo zaidi.

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>> Hivyo hii hapa, napenda kupata mbio.

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Kwa hiyo, mimi sasa wana maombi yangu mbio.

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Mimi nina kwenda kufungua Safari, na
ni mbio juu ya mwenyeji wangu mitaa.

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Hivyo mimi nina kwenda tu kufanya hili kubwa.

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Lakini localhost: 5000

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>> Na hivyo, hivi sasa, kila hii haina
ni, wakati wewe kutembelea tovuti,

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Prints nje "Habari chupa,"
ambayo si super muhimu,

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lakini nadhani ni baridi kwamba
katika hii file kidogo hapa,

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tuna mtandao wa kompyuta mbio
kwamba ni uchapishaji nje kitu.

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Hivyo, hebu kweli kuangalia
katika kanuni kwa ajili ya pili,

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na kuvunja chini kidogo.

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Ni ukubwa nzuri kwa kila mtu hapa?

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>> Hivyo, pengine, wewe ni kiasi fulani
starehe kwa kutumia chatu.

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Mimi nina kuchukua kwamba tunaweza kuangalia
chatu na kusoma kwa njia hiyo.

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Kama una maswali yoyote kuhusu
chochote, siwezi pia kwenda juu kwamba.

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>> Hivyo mstari wa kwanza, kutoka chupa,
sisi kuagiza, chupa na mji mkuu wa "F"

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ambayo ni aina ya yote
vipengele muhimu kwamba unahitaji.

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Kila wewe ni kuandika
faili na kutumia chupa,

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wewe ni kwenda unataka kuagiza kwamba,
sababu tu kwamba ina mambo yote kuu.

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Jambo la pili sisi kufanya, ni sisi
wito huu chupa kazi, tu

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kujenga programu kitu, na uko
Daima kwenda kutaka kufanya hivyo.

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>> Na kisha, kuruka chini kwa
chini kwa haraka, sehemu hii hapa ni,

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'if_name _ == "_ main_"' ambayo ni
aina ya chatu mkataba.

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Hivyo hii tu kutekeleza kama wewe
kukimbia faili hii moja kwa moja kwa kutumia chatu.

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Kisha, tunatoa wito app.run, ambayo itakuwa
kweli kuanza programu wanakwenda.

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>> Hivyo, hiyo ni muundo kuu kwamba
itabidi katika maombi yoyote chupa,

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ni utakuwa na hii
programu = Flask (_name_), na kisha app.run.

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>> Kwa hiyo, mambo mawili ambayo nina
humu, ni kile tunachokiita njia.

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Kwa hiyo, hebu majadiliano juu ya
routing kidogo zaidi.

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Mimi itabidi kurudi nyuma na slide.

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>> Hivyo kimsingi zaidi
dhana katika chupa ni routing.

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Na ni wazo kuwa wewe
kuwapa kazi katika Python

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Hasa kwa anwani
kwenye mtandao ukurasa wako.

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Hivyo, wakati wowote unataka
kujenga njia mpya,

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wewe kutumia hii @ app.route
kazi decorator.

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Hivyo, kama wewe ni unfamiliar na
kazi decorators katika Python,

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ni dhana hii kwamba
inakuwezesha kuchukua kazi

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na surround yake na kitu kingine.

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>> Hivyo kweli, nini decorator hii haina,
ni kwamba inachukua kazi chini yake,

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na inaongeza habari zaidi
nyingine, ila tu kile chupa kweli

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haina kufanya kutokea ni si super
muhimu, lakini nini ni muhimu,

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ni kwamba kabla ya njia, wewe
kuweka hii @ app.route, na kisha

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pepe ya njia,
hivyo kufyeka ni nini sisi

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aliona wakati sisi tu kufungua ukurasa wa mtandao.

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Hivyo hiyo ni Mzee.

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Ni tu njia kufyeka.

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Na kisha una kazi hii.

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Jina la kazi
inaweza kuwa chochote unataka.

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Ni hana na lazima
kufanya na njia.

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Na kisha, chochote
kurudi kazi wa,

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kazi lazima kurudi kamba.

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Na kamba ambayo yanaweza
vyenye HTML au kitu chochote,

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na kwamba ni nini hasa kupata
alirejea mtandao browser yako kama HTML,

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na itakuwa kutoa hiyo.

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>> Hivyo hii ni sawa kificho
hiyo ilikuwa kutokana na mfano

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kwamba mimi tu mbio, hivyo wakati sisi kutembelea kufyeka,
ni wito kazi Hello World, ambayo

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00:09:16,430 --> 00:09:20,470
tu anarudi kamba, Habari chupa,
na kwamba anapata kuchapishwa kwenye screen.

185
00:09:20,470 --> 00:09:27,290
>> Hivyo kuna mfano mwingine,
ambayo ni, wakati wa ziara / hello,

186
00:09:27,290 --> 00:09:30,370
Prints nje Habari Neno, ambalo
lazima kweli kusema, Hello World,

187
00:09:30,370 --> 00:09:32,010
lakini hebu kujifanya kuwa alikuwa kukusudia.

188
00:09:32,010 --> 00:09:35,140
Basi hebu vuta kuwa hadi halisi haraka.

189
00:09:35,140 --> 00:09:41,290
>> Hivyo kama wewe kwenda kwenda kwenye localhost / hello,
itakuwa sasa magazeti kitu kingine.

190
00:09:41,290 --> 00:09:45,680
Hivyo hiyo ni mfano tu wa haraka wa jinsi
unaweza kuunda njia mbili tofauti.

191
00:09:45,680 --> 00:09:50,630
>> Kwa hiyo, hadi sasa hii si super muhimu,
kuna si mengi yote unaweza kufanya,

192
00:09:50,630 --> 00:09:55,360
unaweza tu kufanya yote kwa
kuwa kurasa tofauti HTML,

193
00:09:55,360 --> 00:09:58,000
na wakati wa ziara hasa
ukurasa tu mizigo ukurasa.

194
00:09:58,000 --> 00:10:00,864
Basi hebu angalia baadhi zaidi
mambo muhimu unaweza kufanya.

195
00:10:00,864 --> 00:10:03,780
Kwa hiyo, jambo moja kwamba unaweza kuwa
niliona katika mfano kwamba mimi vunjwa

196
00:10:03,780 --> 00:10:07,160
up, ni kwamba nilikuwa app.run (utatuzi = Kweli).

197
00:10:07,160 --> 00:10:09,580
Na hivyo, jambo hili
Hoja utatuzi gani, ni

198
00:10:09,580 --> 00:10:14,600
kwamba wakati wewe kukimbia mtandao wa kompyuta yako,
wakati uko katika maombi yako,

199
00:10:14,600 --> 00:10:18,100
kama mabadiliko ya faili, itakuwa
moja kwa moja upya kompyuta.

200
00:10:18,100 --> 00:10:21,160
>> Na hivyo si kweli kuwa kwa
kuanzisha upya chatu, ambayo ni super muhimu.

201
00:10:21,160 --> 00:10:24,020
Siwezi kuonyesha kwamba.

202
00:10:24,020 --> 00:10:26,960
Hebu vuta hadi kificho wangu
kwa typo ndani yake,

203
00:10:26,960 --> 00:10:30,420
na kujifanya kuwa typo ilikuwa kuweka huko
makusudi kwa madhumuni mazingatio.

204
00:10:30,420 --> 00:10:31,625
Basi hebu kuongeza hii nyuma katika.

205
00:10:31,625 --> 00:10:33,140
Hivyo sasa anasema Hello World.

206
00:10:33,140 --> 00:10:34,410
Mimi atayaokoa.

207
00:10:34,410 --> 00:10:36,540
Na kama sisi kuvuta nyuma hadi
wastaafu, utasikia

208
00:10:36,540 --> 00:10:39,520
kusema kwamba ni kuanzisha,
kwa sababu wanaona mabadiliko,

209
00:10:39,520 --> 00:10:43,620
na hivyo sasa wakati sisi upya ukurasa huu,
itakuwa magazeti nje kitu sahihi.

210
00:10:43,620 --> 00:10:45,630
>> Hivyo utatuzi ni super muhimu kwa ajili hiyo.

211
00:10:45,630 --> 00:10:48,740
Pia, kama una
aina ya ajali, hivyo

212
00:10:48,740 --> 00:10:54,370
napenda kufanya ajali hii ya maombi
kwa kuwa ni asirudi kamba.

213
00:10:54,370 --> 00:10:57,540
Hivyo, hebu tu kuwa ni
kurudi Hakuna kwa sababu fulani.

214
00:10:57,540 --> 00:11:00,810
Na kisha wakati mimi kutembelea hii
ukurasa, itakuwa tu ajali,

215
00:11:00,810 --> 00:11:04,465
lakini seva haina tu ajali, ni
kweli anatoa nyuma super muhimu

216
00:11:04,465 --> 00:11:06,490
kuwaeleza ya kila kitu ambacho potoka.

217
00:11:06,490 --> 00:11:10,050
Na nini ni nzuri, ni kwamba
katika hatua yoyote katika hii kuwaeleza nyuma,

218
00:11:10,050 --> 00:11:14,260
unaweza kufungua shirikishi
shell hapa, na aina ya magazeti nje nini

219
00:11:14,260 --> 00:11:17,780
vigezo unataka kuangalia.

220
00:11:17,780 --> 00:11:21,054
>> Na hivyo debugging ni kweli
muhimu kwa ajili ya kuhesabia

221
00:11:21,054 --> 00:11:23,470
kinachoendelea na yako
server, badala ya kuona tu

222
00:11:23,470 --> 00:11:28,201
kitu katika PHP kama 500 ndani
hitilafu ya seva, ambayo ni super maana.

223
00:11:28,201 --> 00:11:30,700
Jambo moja kuwa na ufahamu wa, ni
kwamba kama wewe kuweka programu yako online

224
00:11:30,700 --> 00:11:34,260
hivyo ni wazi kwa umma, wewe
kamwe wanataka kuondoka Debug mode juu,

225
00:11:34,260 --> 00:11:37,320
kwa sababu watu wanaweza kweli
kutumia console kwamba mimi

226
00:11:37,320 --> 00:11:39,150
ilionyesha wewe kutekeleza kificho holela.

227
00:11:39,150 --> 00:11:42,120
>> Ili waweze magazeti nje kama yoyote
codes siri una huko,

228
00:11:42,120 --> 00:11:44,755
wanaweza kuangalia hasa
jinsi tovuti yako ni kazi.

229
00:11:44,755 --> 00:11:46,630
Hivyo ni muhimu kweli kweli
kwa ajili ya kupima, lakini daima

230
00:11:46,630 --> 00:11:50,090
kuhakikisha kuchukua nje kabla
kuchapisha kitu chochote online.

231
00:11:50,090 --> 00:11:56,640
>> Hivyo wakati wewe ni kutumia kitu
kama PHP, kuna wazo hili

232
00:11:56,640 --> 00:11:58,920
uweze kupita
habari kati ya kurasa za mtandao

233
00:11:58,920 --> 00:12:03,620
kwa kuweka maelezo kwa kweli
katika URL, ambayo ni ombi GET,

234
00:12:03,620 --> 00:12:07,490
lakini katika chupa, unaweza kweli
kufanya kitu aina ya kama kwamba,

235
00:12:07,490 --> 00:12:10,590
kwa kuwa njia ambayo ina
kutofautiana kama sehemu yake.

236
00:12:10,590 --> 00:12:14,090
>> Hivyo kama wewe kuangalia hii
mfano kwenye screen hapa,

237
00:12:14,090 --> 00:12:19,930
tuna njia hiyo ni
('/ hodi /'), na hivyo, kama wewe kutembelea

238
00:12:19,930 --> 00:12:23,790
/ hodi / kitu fulani, kitu ambacho
ni kwenda kweli kupata kujazwa

239
00:12:23,790 --> 00:12:25,490
ndani ya jina kutofautiana.

240
00:12:25,490 --> 00:12:27,850
Na taarifa kwamba kazi
kuja na njia hiyo

241
00:12:27,850 --> 00:12:31,302
ina kuchukua katika vigezo
jina, hivyo kwamba itakuwa kweli

242
00:12:31,302 --> 00:12:32,510
kupata kupita katika kazi.

243
00:12:32,510 --> 00:12:34,190
>> Na kisha, mara moja uko
ndani ya kazi kwamba,

244
00:12:34,190 --> 00:12:36,420
unaweza kutibu kwamba kama
kawaida chatu kutofautiana,

245
00:12:36,420 --> 00:12:39,650
na hivyo basi, itakuwa
magazeti nje Habari, na ni

246
00:12:39,650 --> 00:12:42,000
kujaza katika jina kwa kutumia
baadhi kamba formatting.

247
00:12:42,000 --> 00:12:48,060
>> Hivyo kwa kuongeza sehemu kutofautiana kwa routing,
matumizi pembe mabano kuashiria.

248
00:12:48,060 --> 00:12:51,220
Na kwa hiari, unaweza kutumia
kile kinachoitwa kubadilisha fedha.

249
00:12:51,220 --> 00:12:56,840
Na hivyo, kama wewe kuweka hii
Dokezo kwa matumbo,

250
00:12:56,840 --> 00:13:00,015
unaweza kutaja kwamba ni
int, au kuelea, au njia,

251
00:13:00,015 --> 00:13:01,640
na itakuwa moja kwa moja kubadili hilo.

252
00:13:01,640 --> 00:13:05,130
Unaweza pia kufanya uongofu
ndani ya kazi chatu,

253
00:13:05,130 --> 00:13:09,710
tu kwa kutumia kutupwa, lakini wakati mwingine kama
unataka kuhakikisha kwamba ni int,

254
00:13:09,710 --> 00:13:12,080
unaweza kuweka kwamba
kubadilika utawala katika huko.

255
00:13:12,080 --> 00:13:15,930
>> Basi hebu vuta hadi mfano
ya baadhi ya sheria kutofautiana.

256
00:13:15,930 --> 00:13:21,480
Hivyo hapa, hii ina sawa ya msingi
muundo na kutoka chupa kuagiza

257
00:13:21,480 --> 00:13:25,030
Chupa, programu = chupa (_name_),
na kisha ni mbio mwishoni.

258
00:13:25,030 --> 00:13:28,050
Tuna hizi mbili tofauti
njia kutofautiana hapa.

259
00:13:28,050 --> 00:13:29,900
Na moja ya kwanza, ni
moja kwamba mimi ilionyesha

260
00:13:29,900 --> 00:13:34,230
katika slide, ambayo ilikuwa kwamba
tu inachukua katika jina kamba

261
00:13:34,230 --> 00:13:35,650
na itakuwa magazeti nje Hello, Jina.

262
00:13:35,650 --> 00:13:41,410
>> Na kisha, pili
mtu anatumia kubadilika.

263
00:13:41,410 --> 00:13:44,690
Hivyo hii moja kwa moja kubadili
kwa int, na kisha mara mbili int,

264
00:13:44,690 --> 00:13:46,150
na magazeti kwamba nje.

265
00:13:46,150 --> 00:13:48,220
Na, hatufanyi aina yoyote
ya kubadilika ndani yake

266
00:13:48,220 --> 00:13:49,594
kwa sababu chupa inachukua huduma ya kwamba.

267
00:13:49,594 --> 00:13:53,181
Basi hebu kupata hii kukimbia.

268
00:13:53,181 --> 00:13:54,930
Wakati una chupa
maombi mbio,

269
00:13:54,930 --> 00:13:58,440
unaweza Kudhibiti-C nje yake
kuacha server mbio.

270
00:13:58,440 --> 00:14:02,420
Na kisha mimi inakwenda vigezo.

271
00:14:02,420 --> 00:14:11,740
>> Basi hebu kwenda kwa localhost / hodi / ezra na
hopefully, hii kusema hello kwangu.

272
00:14:11,740 --> 00:14:14,530

273
00:14:14,530 --> 00:14:20,310
>> Hivyo alichukua kwa jina langu, katika kutofautiana
Njia, ukaijaza katika hapa.

274
00:14:20,310 --> 00:14:23,950
Hivyo mimi itabidi pia kuonyesha haraka
Mfano wa mara dufu.

275
00:14:23,950 --> 00:14:28,600
Hivyo kama wewe kwenda / mbili / 3,
itakuwa magazeti nje 6.

276
00:14:28,600 --> 00:14:31,440
Hivyo hii alichukua huduma ya
kubadilika kwa ajili yetu.

277
00:14:31,440 --> 00:14:34,190
>> Hivyo unaweza pia kufanya hivyo kwa
kuelea, na kitu maalum,

278
00:14:34,190 --> 00:14:37,530
kama unahitaji kutaja kitu kama
njia, ambayo inakuwezesha ni kukubali mikwaju,

279
00:14:37,530 --> 00:14:39,155
lakini kwamba haipaswi kawaida kuwa suala hilo.

280
00:14:39,155 --> 00:14:41,480

281
00:14:41,480 --> 00:14:43,820
Hadi sasa tuna, bado wana
tu imekuwa kurudi

282
00:14:43,820 --> 00:14:46,320
masharti, ambayo si ya kuvutia sana.

283
00:14:46,320 --> 00:14:48,730
>> Tunaweza kweli kurudi
halisi HTML kamba.

284
00:14:48,730 --> 00:14:54,322
Hivyo katika kanuni tunaweza kuingiza kitu
kama b-tag kufanya hivyo ujasiri,

285
00:14:54,322 --> 00:14:56,030
lakini wengi wakati wewe
si kweli wanataka

286
00:14:56,030 --> 00:14:58,420
kuwa kuandika HTML code
katika Python kanuni yako.

287
00:14:58,420 --> 00:15:01,940
Ni kweli anapata messy,
na siyo wakati mzuri.

288
00:15:01,940 --> 00:15:06,430
>> Chupa inaruhusu sisi kutenganisha
HTML katika kile kinachoitwa Kigezo,

289
00:15:06,430 --> 00:15:09,467
na hivyo kama wewe ni kufikiri
katika suala la mfano MVC

290
00:15:09,467 --> 00:15:11,550
kwamba wewe ni ukoo na,
hopefully, kutokana na kufanya kazi

291
00:15:11,550 --> 00:15:15,520
kwa CS50 Fedha kidogo,
unaweza kufikiria mafaili chatu

292
00:15:15,520 --> 00:15:19,430
kuwa ni zaidi ya Mdhibiti, ambapo
wao ni mazungumzo na chochote

293
00:15:19,430 --> 00:15:20,970
data mfano unaweza kuwa.

294
00:15:20,970 --> 00:15:24,900
>> Na kisha wao ni wito nje kwa Maoni
na kupita maelezo kwa kuwa View

295
00:15:24,900 --> 00:15:28,120
kujaza habari
katika HTML kwamba inahitaji.

296
00:15:28,120 --> 00:15:30,490
Na nini sisi kuwaita wale Maoni
Matukio ni katika darasa.

297
00:15:30,490 --> 00:15:35,280
>> Hivyo chupa anatumia chatu mwingine
moduli kwamba itakuwa moja kwa moja

298
00:15:35,280 --> 00:15:38,620
kufunga wakati wewe PIP kufunga
Chupa inayoitwa Jinja, ambayo

299
00:15:38,620 --> 00:15:40,885
inakuwezesha kuongeza hizi
annotations kwa HTML

300
00:15:40,885 --> 00:15:45,140
kwamba unaweza kuona kwenye screen, ambayo inakuwezesha
kuweka katika mambo kama conditionals,

301
00:15:45,140 --> 00:15:47,230
na loops katika HTML.

302
00:15:47,230 --> 00:15:51,140
>> Hivyo inaonekana kidogo kama jinsi
wanaweza kutumia PHP ndani ya faili HTML,

303
00:15:51,140 --> 00:15:57,380
lakini hili ni jambo jema wakati chupa
server mtumishi up faili HTML,

304
00:15:57,380 --> 00:16:01,610
itakuwa kukimbia injini huu templating na
Hazrat kupitia huu na kujaza mambo katika.

305
00:16:01,610 --> 00:16:06,650
Hivyo chupa ina render_template kazi
uweze kuona chini hapa.

306
00:16:06,650 --> 00:16:14,300
Na hivyo wakati wewe kutembelea ukurasa huu, ni
ingekuwa atatoa hii hello.html Kigezo,

307
00:16:14,300 --> 00:16:16,407
na kisha kujaza ukurasa huu HTML.

308
00:16:16,407 --> 00:16:18,990
Basi hebu kukimbia tu halisi huu
haraka, na kuona nini inaonekana kama,

309
00:16:18,990 --> 00:16:21,198
na kisha nitakwenda kupitia
kidogo kwa undani zaidi.

310
00:16:21,198 --> 00:16:25,380

311
00:16:25,380 --> 00:16:30,260
Hivyo, Matukio yako ni kwenda
kwenda katika Matukio folder.

312
00:16:30,260 --> 00:16:33,980
Itakuwa moja kwa moja kuangalia ndani ya
Matukio folder kwa kuwa Kigezo.

313
00:16:33,980 --> 00:16:35,615
Basi hebu kufungua hili.

314
00:16:35,615 --> 00:16:47,350

315
00:16:47,350 --> 00:16:50,005
Kwa hiyo, mimi itabidi kukimbia Templating mfano.

316
00:16:50,005 --> 00:16:52,820

317
00:16:52,820 --> 00:17:03,660
>> Hivyo kama mimi kwenda / hodi / ezra,
ina hii ya kutisha,

318
00:17:03,660 --> 00:17:05,930
obnoxious marquee tag kwamba mimi kuweka katika.

319
00:17:05,930 --> 00:17:08,050
Nzuri sana, nguvu sana.

320
00:17:08,050 --> 00:17:09,349
Mimi ni shabiki mkubwa.

321
00:17:09,349 --> 00:17:13,900
Lakini kile kinachotokea kama
Mimi tu kwenda, / hodi?

322
00:17:13,900 --> 00:17:15,220
Hivyo tu anasema Hello World.

323
00:17:15,220 --> 00:17:17,678
Sikuwa kupita jina, na
ukaijaza ni moja kwa moja.

324
00:17:17,678 --> 00:17:22,050
Basi hebu angalia jinsi gani alifanya hivyo, na jinsi
tunaweza kujikwamua kwamba marquee labda.

325
00:17:22,050 --> 00:17:26,240
>> Hivyo hapa, hii ni aina ya
mfano kuvutia ya,

326
00:17:26,240 --> 00:17:29,101
kama wewe ni ukoo na jinsi ya kubadili
kauli kazi katika lugha.

327
00:17:29,101 --> 00:17:31,350
Kusema hii ni aina ya kama,
aina ya kuanguka kwa njia ya,

328
00:17:31,350 --> 00:17:34,266
ambapo kwa kweli zinatokana mbili
njia tofauti tofauti kwa kazi moja.

329
00:17:34,266 --> 00:17:41,190
Hivyo sisi ambatisha / hodi njia na
/ hodi / jina njia ya Habari,

330
00:17:41,190 --> 00:17:45,130
na sisi kutaja using-- chatu inakuwezesha
kutaja chaguo-msingi kazi arguments--

331
00:17:45,130 --> 00:17:48,300
hivyo kama hakuna jina, hivyo
kama sisi kwenda tu / hello,

332
00:17:48,300 --> 00:17:50,680
itakuwa moja kwa moja kuchuja
kwa jina ni sawa na Hamna.

333
00:17:50,680 --> 00:17:55,010
>> Hivyo basi, sisi atatoa
Kigezo na jina = jina,

334
00:17:55,010 --> 00:17:59,510
hivyo itakuwa kupita katika jina parameter
sawa na hii parameter jina kazi,

335
00:17:59,510 --> 00:18:00,730
ndani ya Kigezo.

336
00:18:00,730 --> 00:18:04,040
Hiyo bado haina kueleza jinsi ni
kuamua kama magazeti Hello World,

337
00:18:04,040 --> 00:18:05,100
au magazeti jina langu.

338
00:18:05,100 --> 00:18:08,050
Basi hebu kweli kuangalia
ndani ya Kigezo yenyewe,

339
00:18:08,050 --> 00:18:11,610
na kuona ni wapi kwamba anakuja kutoka.

340
00:18:11,610 --> 00:18:18,680
>> Kwa hiyo, ndani ya Kigezo hii, sisi
kweli kuwa baadhi mantiki masharti,

341
00:18:18,680 --> 00:18:20,580
ambayo baadhi ya watu
wanasema, wewe kweli

342
00:18:20,580 --> 00:18:23,730
haipaswi kuwa na mengi ya masharti
mantiki ndani ya Kigezo yako yenyewe.

343
00:18:23,730 --> 00:18:26,310
Ni lazima kuwa zaidi ndani ya
Mdhibiti, lakini kwa mfano huu

344
00:18:26,310 --> 00:18:27,476
ni kitu pretty ndogo.

345
00:18:27,476 --> 00:18:31,060
Hivyo hapa, sisi kuangalia, kama jina, hivyo
kama jina si sawa na Hakuna,

346
00:18:31,060 --> 00:18:33,130
kama jina ni kweli
kupita katika, basi sisi

347
00:18:33,130 --> 00:18:36,210
kusema Hello, Jina na
kichwa na marquee,

348
00:18:36,210 --> 00:18:41,490
HTML haya yote ya kawaida, vinginevyo, sisi
magazeti nje Hello, Dunia tu kama kawaida.

349
00:18:41,490 --> 00:18:45,820
Hivyo mambo kadhaa taarifa hapa
kuhusu jinsi muundo templating,

350
00:18:45,820 --> 00:18:49,110
ni kwamba, yote haya
kauli masharti,

351
00:18:49,110 --> 00:18:54,475
aina ya kama jinsi sisi PHP ni wakati
unataka kuingiza baadhi PHP,

352
00:18:54,475 --> 00:18:58,380
matumizi chini-kuliko swali
alama, ni aina ya sawa hapa

353
00:18:58,380 --> 00:19:00,140
na {%.

354
00:19:00,140 --> 00:19:02,130
>> Hivyo hapa, tuna kificho wetu masharti.

355
00:19:02,130 --> 00:19:05,920
Na kisha, wakati wewe kweli unataka
halisi kutathmini kitu, na magazeti

356
00:19:05,920 --> 00:19:08,710
hivyo nje screen,
kutumia braces mbili.

357
00:19:08,710 --> 00:19:12,310
Hivyo hapa ni braces mara mbili,
na kisha sisi kutaja jina,

358
00:19:12,310 --> 00:19:15,500
hivyo ndani ya kwamba, itakuwa kutathmini
kwa jina kutofautiana, ambayo

359
00:19:15,500 --> 00:19:18,860
ilipitishwa katika kutoka
atatoa template kazi,

360
00:19:18,860 --> 00:19:21,484
badala ya uchapishaji tu
nje, kama sisi got kuondoa hizi,

361
00:19:21,484 --> 00:19:23,150
ingekuwa tu magazeti nje neno "jina."

362
00:19:23,150 --> 00:19:26,340
Hivyo, hiyo ni kitu cha kuangalia nje kwa.

363
00:19:26,340 --> 00:19:29,792
>> Hivyo kitu kingine
ilani ni kwamba, wakati sisi

364
00:19:29,792 --> 00:19:31,500
wanataka kutumia
kazi render_template,

365
00:19:31,500 --> 00:19:34,490
sisi kweli kuwa kuagiza
ni wazi kutoka chupa.

366
00:19:34,490 --> 00:19:36,915
Na hii ni mfano wa
modularity ya chupa,

367
00:19:36,915 --> 00:19:39,290
kwamba huna kuagiza
mambo ambayo huna haja.

368
00:19:39,290 --> 00:19:41,290
Unaweza tu kuleta katika
kazi kweli

369
00:19:41,290 --> 00:19:43,450
huna haja, ambayo ni wakati mwingine
nzuri, hivyo huna

370
00:19:43,450 --> 00:19:46,560
kuwa na kazi hizi zote
wamekaa kuzunguka kwamba wewe si kutumia,

371
00:19:46,560 --> 00:19:49,730
lakini pia, kama wewe kusahau kuwa wewe
haja ya kuagiza render_template,

372
00:19:49,730 --> 00:19:52,660
pengine utasikia kupata onyo
ambayo basi wewe kujua kuhusu hilo.

373
00:19:52,660 --> 00:19:56,700
Hivyo, kwamba ni templating.

374
00:19:56,700 --> 00:20:01,680
>> Hivyo, tumekuwa umeonyesha jinsi ya
kufanya kurasa rahisi mtandao,

375
00:20:01,680 --> 00:20:04,947
na kuongeza mantiki kidogo zaidi kwa
hivyo, katika suala la routing kutofautiana.

376
00:20:04,947 --> 00:20:08,280
Inakuwezesha kufanya mambo mbalimbali kulingana na
nini URL kwenda, na pia wakati huo, kutoa

377
00:20:08,280 --> 00:20:11,950
maana HTML kidogo zaidi katika
suala la jinsi gani unataka kutoa mambo.

378
00:20:11,950 --> 00:20:14,210
Huna kuweka yote
HTML yako katika Python yako,

379
00:20:14,210 --> 00:20:16,640
lakini kwa pretty much
kila maombi ya mtandao,

380
00:20:16,640 --> 00:20:21,480
wewe ni kwenda kutaka aina fulani
wa takwimu mfano yanayohusiana na hayo.

381
00:20:21,480 --> 00:20:25,560
>> Na hivyo kijadi, hii ingekuwa
kuwa kitu kama SQL database.

382
00:20:25,560 --> 00:20:30,280
Na unaweza tu kuingiliana
moja kwa moja na SQL.

383
00:20:30,280 --> 00:20:32,190
Chatu ana, nadhani ni kuitwa.

384
00:20:32,190 --> 00:20:33,040
SQLite 3.

385
00:20:33,040 --> 00:20:38,454
Unaweza tu kuagiza SQLite 3 na
kutekeleza maswali SQL moja kwa moja,

386
00:20:38,454 --> 00:20:40,870
lakini sijui kuhusu wewe,
lakini mimi kwa kweli si kama, tu,

387
00:20:40,870 --> 00:20:42,750
kuandika maswali SQL.

388
00:20:42,750 --> 00:20:45,350
Inaelekea kupata kweli
muda mrefu na ngumu.

389
00:20:45,350 --> 00:20:49,180
>> Na hivyo, kitu ambacho
Mimi kama kutumia ni nini

390
00:20:49,180 --> 00:20:53,610
inayojulikana kama ORM, ambayo ni
kitu-kimahusiano ramani.

391
00:20:53,610 --> 00:20:56,890
Na hatua ya
kitu-kimahusiano ramani,

392
00:20:56,890 --> 00:21:00,100
ni kwamba kuna mambo mawili tofauti
njia unaweza kufikiri juu ya database.

393
00:21:00,100 --> 00:21:03,240
>> Hivyo mfano kwamba
Profesa Malan kawaida

394
00:21:03,240 --> 00:21:07,660
anatumia darasani, ni Excel meza, ambapo
una safu hizi na nguzo hizi,

395
00:21:07,660 --> 00:21:10,210
na kwamba muhimu kweli kweli kwa
jinsi ni kuwakilishwa katika SQL

396
00:21:10,210 --> 00:21:13,170
na jinsi kiutendaji na hivyo, lakini
njia nyingine ambayo ni kweli

397
00:21:13,170 --> 00:21:16,390
muhimu kufikiri juu yake wakati mwingine,
ni katika suala la madarasa na vitu.

398
00:21:16,390 --> 00:21:20,420
>> Hivyo badala ya kufikiri
ya kila meza kama kuwa

399
00:21:20,420 --> 00:21:23,040
huu mfululizo ambayo ina baadhi ya
Maelezo, unaweza kweli

400
00:21:23,040 --> 00:21:26,100
kufikiria kama kuwa
kila meza ni darasani,

401
00:21:26,100 --> 00:21:29,810
na kisha kila mfano wa
darasa ina tabia fulani.

402
00:21:29,810 --> 00:21:35,110
Hivyo, katika mfano huu, matukio ya
darasa ni safu katika meza,

403
00:21:35,110 --> 00:21:37,490
na kisha kila mali ingekuwa
kuwa safu katika meza.

404
00:21:37,490 --> 00:21:40,840
>> Hivyo, ORM kwamba mimi kama
kutumia inaitwa peewee.

405
00:21:40,840 --> 00:21:43,520
Ni kweli dogo, aina ya kama chupa.

406
00:21:43,520 --> 00:21:46,760
Nadhani wao kwenda vizuri pamoja,
lakini kuna mengi ya Orms mengine

407
00:21:46,760 --> 00:21:47,730
kwamba unaweza kutumia.

408
00:21:47,730 --> 00:21:52,180
Moja maarufu zaidi ni
inayojulikana kama SQLAlchemy,

409
00:21:52,180 --> 00:21:56,050
na siwezi kukumbuka kwa nini mimi awali
waliamua peewee zaidi SQLAlchemy,

410
00:21:56,050 --> 00:21:58,311
au napenda kukuambia kwa nini mimi
nadhani ni moja bora,

411
00:21:58,311 --> 00:22:01,060
lakini sisi ni kwenda tu kutumia hii
moja kwa sababu ninajua jinsi ya kutumia hiyo.

412
00:22:01,060 --> 00:22:04,760
>> Hivyo, swali moja ni, kwa nini
unapaswa kujisumbua kwa kutumia ORM,

413
00:22:04,760 --> 00:22:07,552
badala ya moja kwa moja
kuandika maswali SQL?

414
00:22:07,552 --> 00:22:09,760
Na nadhani kesi bora,
ni kwamba si kweli

415
00:22:09,760 --> 00:22:11,356
kuandika maswali SQL.

416
00:22:11,356 --> 00:22:14,480
Ni rahisi, kama mimi nitakuonyesha, kwa
kufanya mambo kama uteuzi, kuingizwa,

417
00:22:14,480 --> 00:22:16,157
kufutwa, hasa kujenga meza.

418
00:22:16,157 --> 00:22:17,990
Ni rahisi zaidi kwa
kuandika muundo wa darasani,

419
00:22:17,990 --> 00:22:22,250
kuliko ilivyo kuunda Kujenga
Meza kauli, lakini jambo moja

420
00:22:22,250 --> 00:22:25,710
kuwa na ufahamu wa, ni kwamba
ORM kujaribu wake bora

421
00:22:25,710 --> 00:22:28,640
kufikiri nini zaidi
ufanisi swala SQL itakuwa,

422
00:22:28,640 --> 00:22:30,110
lakini wakati mwingine anapata ni mbaya.

423
00:22:30,110 --> 00:22:32,660
>> Na hasa kama wewe ni
kufanya kazi na database kubwa,

424
00:22:32,660 --> 00:22:35,557
unaweza taarifa kwamba swala
kwamba lazima kukimbia kwa haraka,

425
00:22:35,557 --> 00:22:36,640
ni kweli kuchukua muda mrefu.

426
00:22:36,640 --> 00:22:40,164
Na kama ukiangalia chini ya kofia na jinsi
ORM ni kutafsiri kwamba katika SQL,

427
00:22:40,164 --> 00:22:42,080
inaweza kuwa kufanya kitu
kweli ujinga,

428
00:22:42,080 --> 00:22:44,371
kwa sababu tu ni aina ya
gestured nia yako mbaya.

429
00:22:44,371 --> 00:22:48,080
Na, kumekuwa na wakati ambapo
Nimepata kuipuuza, na tu

430
00:22:48,080 --> 00:22:52,429
kutekeleza maswali yangu mwenyewe SQL, tu
sababu ilikuwa parsing kwa namna ya ajabu.

431
00:22:52,429 --> 00:22:54,220
Kwa hiyo, kuna baadhi ya
uendeshaji, tu kwa njia

432
00:22:54,220 --> 00:22:58,680
kwamba inaandaa yako
kauli chini katika SQL.

433
00:22:58,680 --> 00:23:06,200
>> Kwa hiyo, hebu angalia super haraka katika
mfano rahisi ya data mfano

434
00:23:06,200 --> 00:23:07,350
kwamba unaweza kutumia.

435
00:23:07,350 --> 00:23:11,880
Hivyo, hii ni Python kificho, na hivyo
Jambo la kwanza unataka kufanya ni kutoka

436
00:23:11,880 --> 00:23:12,950
peewee kuagiza *.

437
00:23:12,950 --> 00:23:15,850
Hivyo, tofauti na chupa, ambapo una
modules haya yote ya mtu binafsi,

438
00:23:15,850 --> 00:23:18,125
na unataka kuagiza chupa, na
kuandika Kigezo, na baadhi ya watu wengine

439
00:23:18,125 --> 00:23:20,690
kwamba tutaweza kuona baadaye, kutoka peewee,
unaweza tu kuagiza kila kitu,

440
00:23:20,690 --> 00:23:22,290
kwa sababu ni maktaba pretty ndogo.

441
00:23:22,290 --> 00:23:26,490
>> Hivyo, jambo la kwanza unataka kufanya, ni
kweli kujenga hii kitu database.

442
00:23:26,490 --> 00:23:31,212
Hivyo, una db = SqliteDatabase,
na kisha jina la orodha yako.

443
00:23:31,212 --> 00:23:33,170
Na hii itakuwa kweli
kujenga database kitu

444
00:23:33,170 --> 00:23:36,230
kwamba unaweza kuingiliana na, na peewee.

445
00:23:36,230 --> 00:23:40,570
>> Na kisha, tuna halisi
mfano kwamba tunataka kujenga.

446
00:23:40,570 --> 00:23:42,470
Hivyo meza tunataka kujenga.

447
00:23:42,470 --> 00:23:47,270
Kwa hiyo, ndani ya peewee, kila darasa ina
meza yake mwenyewe ndani ya orodha yako.

448
00:23:47,270 --> 00:23:52,800
Hivyo, wote wa madarasa
kurithi kutoka mfano msingi,

449
00:23:52,800 --> 00:23:55,960
na mji mkuu wa M mfano ni
kitu ambacho inavyoelezwa katika peewee.

450
00:23:55,960 --> 00:24:02,162
>> Kwa hiyo, yote ya mifano yako lazima
kurithi kama superclass yao juu,

451
00:24:02,162 --> 00:24:04,620
wanapaswa kurithi kutoka
mfano, lakini nini kweli baridi,

452
00:24:04,620 --> 00:24:07,610
ni kwamba unaweza kweli kuwa yako
mifano wanarithiana.

453
00:24:07,610 --> 00:24:10,530
Na muda mwingi, yako
mifano data si lazima

454
00:24:10,530 --> 00:24:13,754
kufanya nzuri urithi uongozi, lakini
Mara ambapo wao kufanya, ni kweli ni nzuri,

455
00:24:13,754 --> 00:24:15,920
kwa sababu una mtindo
asili kutoka kwa kila mmoja.

456
00:24:15,920 --> 00:24:19,710
>> Kwa hiyo, sisi kuelezwa darasa hili
'mwanafunzi,' ambayo kurithi mfano,

457
00:24:19,710 --> 00:24:21,170
na ina mali watatu.

458
00:24:21,170 --> 00:24:24,080
Ina ID, ambayo ni
PrimaryKeyField, ambayo

459
00:24:24,080 --> 00:24:26,920
ni kitu ambacho zinazotolewa
na peewee, jina lake ni Charfield,

460
00:24:26,920 --> 00:24:28,490
na daraja ni IntegerField.

461
00:24:28,490 --> 00:24:32,260
Hivyo hii wanaweza au kuwa
jinsi CS50 kweli maduka yote

462
00:24:32,260 --> 00:24:33,650
wanafunzi wa darasa.

463
00:24:33,650 --> 00:24:36,060
Sio, lakini hii ni jinsi napenda kufanya hivyo.

464
00:24:36,060 --> 00:24:37,920
>> Na kisha ina, ndani ya
darasa hili, na hii

465
00:24:37,920 --> 00:24:41,620
ni kitu unaweza kufanya na
Chatu, unaweza kuwa na madarasa Furushi.

466
00:24:41,620 --> 00:24:43,920
Na hili ni jambo
hiyo ni kwa mujibu wa peewee.

467
00:24:43,920 --> 00:24:47,250
Hivyo, Meta hii darasani, una
bayana kwamba orodha ni

468
00:24:47,250 --> 00:24:49,830
sawa na kitu
kwamba sisi aliumba hapo juu.

469
00:24:49,830 --> 00:24:54,339
Na hii anasema faili ndicho meza hii
kweli kwenda kuwa zilizomo katika.

470
00:24:54,339 --> 00:24:57,130
Hivyo hii ni kitu ambacho una
kufanya ndani ya yote ya mifano yako.

471
00:24:57,130 --> 00:24:59,380
Wewe tu na kutaja
ndani ya darasa hili Meta

472
00:24:59,380 --> 00:25:01,400
kwamba orodha ni sawa na db.

473
00:25:01,400 --> 00:25:03,940
Kwa hiyo kile Mimi kawaida kufanya, kama nina
rundo la mifano mbalimbali,

474
00:25:03,940 --> 00:25:05,910
ni kwamba nina msingi moja
mfano, kwamba mimi kawaida

475
00:25:05,910 --> 00:25:08,839
wito tu "msingi mfano"
ambayo ina tabaka la Meta,

476
00:25:08,839 --> 00:25:10,380
na unaweka orodha sawa na db.

477
00:25:10,380 --> 00:25:13,710
Na kisha wote wa mifano yangu baadae
atarithi kutoka kwamba darasa msingi.

478
00:25:13,710 --> 00:25:16,760
Na kisha mimi si kuwa na wasiwasi
kuhusu kuweka tabaka la Meta.

479
00:25:16,760 --> 00:25:21,490
>> Hivyo, wakati huu kweli anapata
ulioandaliwa chini katika SQL taarifa,

480
00:25:21,490 --> 00:25:24,875
inaonekana kama jambo hili nasty chini
hapa, "Kujenga meza mwanafunzi ID integer,

481
00:25:24,875 --> 00:25:26,020
"Chochote.

482
00:25:26,020 --> 00:25:30,002
>> Na, nadhani kwamba ni mfupi,
hii swala SQL haki hapa,

483
00:25:30,002 --> 00:25:32,960
lakini kama ukiangalia darasa hili hapa
unaweza kuona hasa nini kinaendelea.

484
00:25:32,960 --> 00:25:36,116
Unaweza kuona aina gani ya mashamba
kuna watu, nini re walioitwa,

485
00:25:36,116 --> 00:25:38,115
na hivyo, nadhani kwamba
kuangalia hii chatu kificho

486
00:25:38,115 --> 00:25:43,340
ni mengi zaidi kuliko someka
kujaribu kuandika hii swala SQL.

487
00:25:43,340 --> 00:25:45,990
>> Hivyo, ili kweli
kutumia orodha,

488
00:25:45,990 --> 00:25:48,470
tuna kuungana na ndani ya chatu.

489
00:25:48,470 --> 00:25:52,770
Kwa hiyo, mimi kawaida kuandika kazi kuitwa
initialize_db kwamba anafanya mambo mawili.

490
00:25:52,770 --> 00:25:54,880
Inachukua katika orodha
kitu db na

491
00:25:54,880 --> 00:25:58,360
inaunganisha hiyo, ambayo kuufungua tu
up sehemu ya database.

492
00:25:58,360 --> 00:26:00,860
Kama wewe ni kukimbia tu ingawa
tovuti kwenye mashine yako,

493
00:26:00,860 --> 00:26:04,320
siyo mpango super kubwa ya kuwa na wasiwasi
kuhusu kuunganisha na kujiondoa,

494
00:26:04,320 --> 00:26:06,885
lakini kama wewe ni mbio
hiyo kwenye tovuti, wewe

495
00:26:06,885 --> 00:26:10,010
unataka kuhakikisha kwamba, wakati mtumiaji
inaunganisha hiyo, wakati wao wa karibu nje

496
00:26:10,010 --> 00:26:12,270
tovuti, wao kukatwa ili uweze
hawana rundo la watu kushikamana

497
00:26:12,270 --> 00:26:14,480
Mbegu yako yote kwa mara moja.

498
00:26:14,480 --> 00:26:16,370
>> Na kisha, wakati
kuungana na database,

499
00:26:16,370 --> 00:26:20,832
unataka simu db.create_tables,
na orodha ya mifano kwa nini unataka

500
00:26:20,832 --> 00:26:21,540
kujenga meza.

501
00:26:21,540 --> 00:26:23,950
Hivyo hapa, mimi nataka tu
kujenga ni kwa mwanafunzi hii.

502
00:26:23,950 --> 00:26:28,070
Na kisha, jambo muhimu, ni kwa
kutaja salama = Kweli wengi wakati.

503
00:26:28,070 --> 00:26:30,380
Kwa hiyo kile kauli hii
atafanya, ni kwamba

504
00:26:30,380 --> 00:26:33,580
inajenga meza kwa
mwanafunzi mfano, lakini tu

505
00:26:33,580 --> 00:26:36,109
kama meza ambayo ina si
imeanzishwa tayari.

506
00:26:36,109 --> 00:26:37,400
Hiyo ni nini bayana salama.

507
00:26:37,400 --> 00:26:39,150
Hivyo itakuwa si overwrite
meza yako zilizopo,

508
00:26:39,150 --> 00:26:41,525
itakuwa tu kujenga mpya
meza kama kuna hata mmoja hapo.

509
00:26:41,525 --> 00:26:45,090
Kwa hiyo, unaweza kujenga tu
meza mara moja kwa kutumia SQL.

510
00:26:45,090 --> 00:26:49,410
Na kisha kuwa na kwamba orodha kikao
huko, na kisha kuungana na kila wakati,

511
00:26:49,410 --> 00:26:52,450
lakini ni kawaida nzuri tu
kuweka katika wito huu create_tables,

512
00:26:52,450 --> 00:26:55,550
hivyo kwamba, kama wewe milele kufuta yako
Mbegu wakati kukimbia mtandao wako

513
00:26:55,550 --> 00:26:57,960
programu tena, itakuwa recreate yake.

514
00:26:57,960 --> 00:27:00,730
>> Kwa hiyo, tu kuhakikisha kwamba ni salama
ni maalum kwa kuwa Ni kweli kwamba

515
00:27:00,730 --> 00:27:03,580
au utapata taarifa yako tu
kupata clobbered kila wakati.

516
00:27:03,580 --> 00:27:06,380
Na kisha, unaweza kupiga tu
initialize_db kuanzisha

517
00:27:06,380 --> 00:27:09,820
uhusiano, na kujenga
meza kama ni lazima.

518
00:27:09,820 --> 00:27:13,150
>> Kwa hiyo, jambo ya kawaida
kwamba wewe unataka kufanya,

519
00:27:13,150 --> 00:27:15,920
au moja ya mambo ya kawaida,
ni kwa kweli kuingiza mambo

520
00:27:15,920 --> 00:27:17,170
katika orodha yako.

521
00:27:17,170 --> 00:27:19,430
Na hivyo, badala ya kuwa
kuandika kuingiza KATIKA

522
00:27:19,430 --> 00:27:21,990
Kauli na wote wa
maadili maalum,

523
00:27:21,990 --> 00:27:24,650
unaweza kweli kuwaita
kazi juu ya mwanafunzi darasani.

524
00:27:24,650 --> 00:27:28,200
Hivyo, wakati wewe kujenga darasa
kwamba kurithi kutoka mfano,

525
00:27:28,200 --> 00:27:30,200
ina hii kuunda mbinu.

526
00:27:30,200 --> 00:27:33,870
>> Hivyo, unaweza kufanya darasa name.create,
na bayana vigezo

527
00:27:33,870 --> 00:27:35,260
kwamba unataka kupita katika.

528
00:27:35,260 --> 00:27:39,200
Hivyo, kama Nataka kuongeza baadhi ya wanafunzi
kwa CS50 daraja kitabu yetu mfano,

529
00:27:39,200 --> 00:27:41,820
Mimi itabidi kuweka katika Daudi, ambaye ana
daraja nzuri sana, ana 95.

530
00:27:41,820 --> 00:27:45,100
Na mimi mwenyewe, ambaye ni kutofanya
vizuri katika CS50, nina 50.

531
00:27:45,100 --> 00:27:47,600
Na hivyo, Jambo zuri
nini hii kujenga kazi gani,

532
00:27:47,600 --> 00:27:53,040
ni kwamba kuirudisha mfano, au
mstari, ili kuundwa ndani ya meza,

533
00:27:53,040 --> 00:27:55,750
na hivyo basi wewe kuhifadhi kwamba katika
kutofautiana, na kazi na baadaye.

534
00:27:55,750 --> 00:27:58,830
Unaweza kubadilisha karibu, ambayo
Mimi itabidi kuonyesha mfano wa.

535
00:27:58,830 --> 00:28:03,050
>> Taarifa kwamba sikuwa
kuwa na bayana ID,

536
00:28:03,050 --> 00:28:09,340
kwa sababu kwa vile ni
PrimaryKeyField, itakuwa moja kwa moja

537
00:28:09,340 --> 00:28:10,930
increment yake kama huna bayana yake.

538
00:28:10,930 --> 00:28:12,250
Na, kwa kweli, pengine
lazima bayana jambo hilo,

539
00:28:12,250 --> 00:28:14,810
kwa sababu waweza ajali
clobber ID ya mtu mwingine.

540
00:28:14,810 --> 00:28:16,830
Na unataka kufanya
kuhakikisha kwamba ni ya kipekee.

541
00:28:16,830 --> 00:28:20,662
>> Kwa hiyo, kwa kweli, wengi
jambo la kawaida unataka kufanya,

542
00:28:20,662 --> 00:28:22,620
pengine kuchagua nje
ya database mara moja

543
00:28:22,620 --> 00:28:24,078
na mengi ya habari huko.

544
00:28:24,078 --> 00:28:27,360
Na hivyo, kama unataka kupata kila kitu,
hivyo sawa na nyota kuchagua

545
00:28:27,360 --> 00:28:30,940
kutoka wanafunzi taarifa, ni
ingekuwa tu kuwa student.select.

546
00:28:30,940 --> 00:28:34,380
Na kwamba nitakupa nyuma safu
na wote wa mwanafunzi vitu ndani yake

547
00:28:34,380 --> 00:28:35,770
kwamba iterate juu unataka.

548
00:28:35,770 --> 00:28:37,019
Unaweza kupata mambo ya nje ya hiyo.

549
00:28:37,019 --> 00:28:39,310
Na zaidi ya muda, wewe
hawataki tu kufanya kuchagua,

550
00:28:39,310 --> 00:28:40,935
wewe kweli unataka kutaja kitu.

551
00:28:40,935 --> 00:28:44,580
Na hivyo, unaweza mlolongo
pamoja simu hizi kazi,

552
00:28:44,580 --> 00:28:48,830
kama jinsi wewe ungekuwa mlolongo
pamoja kauli katika SQL.

553
00:28:48,830 --> 00:28:53,002
Hivyo unaweza kufanya student.select (). Ambapo
katika mfano huu.

554
00:28:53,002 --> 00:28:54,710
Na kisha, unaweza
kutaja masharti,

555
00:28:54,710 --> 00:28:57,880
tu kwa kutumia chatu kawaida
Booleans kuangalia mambo.

556
00:28:57,880 --> 00:29:02,110
>> Kwa hiyo, katika kesi hii, unataka
kikomo nini wewe kuchagua kwa,

557
00:29:02,110 --> 00:29:06,790
ambapo student.grade ni sawa na 50,
na student.name ni sawa na Ezra,

558
00:29:06,790 --> 00:29:09,130
ili tu kupata nami nje ya hiyo.

559
00:29:09,130 --> 00:29:11,340
Na taarifa, moja kwa kweli
Jambo hila hapa ni

560
00:29:11,340 --> 00:29:15,570
kwamba, kama unataka kutaja
an na / au na au / au,

561
00:29:15,570 --> 00:29:19,840
katika Python, kwa kawaida kutumia,
Nadhani neno "na" kwa kweli,

562
00:29:19,840 --> 00:29:23,351
lakini hapa kutumia ampersand moja,
ambayo ni kawaida bitwise operator,

563
00:29:23,351 --> 00:29:25,600
lakini katika kesi hii maalum,
njia tu peewee anafanya hivyo,

564
00:29:25,600 --> 00:29:27,660
matumizi moja
ampersand kutaja "na."

565
00:29:27,660 --> 00:29:29,451
Hiyo ni kitu ambacho
Mimi kupata mchanganyiko juu sana,

566
00:29:29,451 --> 00:29:32,530
lakini haina kuja
kwamba sehemu kubwa katika mazoezi.

567
00:29:32,530 --> 00:29:36,350
>> Na kisha, mara moja una yote ya
wanafunzi kutoka katika orodha,

568
00:29:36,350 --> 00:29:39,420
mara moja umefanya uko kuchagua
na kuvaa yako au chochote,

569
00:29:39,420 --> 00:29:42,334
unaweza kutumia foreach kitanzi,
kama kawaida katika Python,

570
00:29:42,334 --> 00:29:44,500
na aina yoyote ya iterator
au kwa aina yoyote ya safu.

571
00:29:44,500 --> 00:29:46,333
Hivyo unaweza kufanya, kwa s
katika student.select (). whe

572
00:29:46,333 --> 00:29:52,930
re (Student.grade <75), na hivyo mapenzi hii
iterate juu ya kila mwanafunzi katika meza

573
00:29:52,930 --> 00:29:56,260
ambao daraja ni chini ya 75, ambayo
katika kesi hiyo, bado mimi tu.

574
00:29:56,260 --> 00:29:59,218
Na kisha unaweza kufanya kitu ndani ya
kuwa kitanzi, kama kutuma barua pepe yangu

575
00:29:59,218 --> 00:30:01,680
na kuniambia kwa kweli
kugeuka katika Tatizo langu Sets.

576
00:30:01,680 --> 00:30:04,550
>> Hivyo, jambo lingine unaweza
kufanya, ni ni kweli rahisi

577
00:30:04,550 --> 00:30:06,460
update safu ndani ya meza.

578
00:30:06,460 --> 00:30:08,720
Hivyo, kumbuka nyuma hapa,
yako wakati mimi kuingizwa,

579
00:30:08,720 --> 00:30:11,440
Mimi alichukua thamani hiyo ilikuwa
akarudi na student.create,

580
00:30:11,440 --> 00:30:14,920
na mimi kupewa kwa jina inaitwa Ezra.

581
00:30:14,920 --> 00:30:18,995
Na hivyo sasa, unaweza kubadilisha
maadili ndani ya mfano kwamba,

582
00:30:18,995 --> 00:30:20,870
tu kama wewe ungekuwa
kawaida darasani katika Python.

583
00:30:20,870 --> 00:30:25,060
>> Hivyo unaweza kuweka ezra.grade = 95 na
kwamba update nakala za mitaa,

584
00:30:25,060 --> 00:30:28,380
lakini kama wewe kweli unataka
kufanya mabadiliko ambayo kwa Mbegu,

585
00:30:28,380 --> 00:30:31,410
una kuwaita ezra.save,
hivyo aitwaye njia .save

586
00:30:31,410 --> 00:30:32,650
juu ya mfano.

587
00:30:32,650 --> 00:30:38,085
>> Na hivyo sasa, mimi kuwa na mafanikio iliyopita
Daraja yangu mwenyewe ndani ya database.

588
00:30:38,085 --> 00:30:41,210
Kwa hiyo, basi hebu kusema kwamba mimi kupata hawakupata
kubadilisha Daraja yangu ndani ya database.

589
00:30:41,210 --> 00:30:44,126
Profesa Malan pengine ni kwenda
kutaka kufuta mimi kutoka darasani,

590
00:30:44,126 --> 00:30:48,630
na hivyo unaweza kupiga .delete
mfano mbinu tu juu ya jambo hilo.

591
00:30:48,630 --> 00:30:51,674
>> Hivyo, kama wewe alitaka kwenda
tena ndani ya kitanzi hii hapa,

592
00:30:51,674 --> 00:30:53,465
na kwa kweli, badala
ya kutuma barua pepe zote

593
00:30:53,465 --> 00:30:56,577
ya wanafunzi ambao daraja ni chini
ya 75, alitaka kufuta yao,

594
00:30:56,577 --> 00:30:58,660
ndani ya kitanzi hii inaweza
piga mfano s.delete.

595
00:30:58,660 --> 00:31:04,180

596
00:31:04,180 --> 00:31:07,780
Na jambo la mwisho kabisa unataka kufanya,
ni wakati wowote kuanzisha uhusiano,

597
00:31:07,780 --> 00:31:10,350
na wewe ni kosa na kazi yako,
unataka simu db.close,

598
00:31:10,350 --> 00:31:13,190
ambapo db ni kwamba orodha
kitu kwamba tulikuwa na kabla.

599
00:31:13,190 --> 00:31:18,290
Na unataka kuhakikisha kwamba
kila kitu anapata imefungwa nje ya.

600
00:31:18,290 --> 00:31:18,790
>> Baridi.

601
00:31:18,790 --> 00:31:22,410
Hivyo sasa, nina mfano maombi.

602
00:31:22,410 --> 00:31:26,880
Nimekuwa aina ya kabla ya kufanywa kila kitu tu
ili hakutakuwa na coding yoyote kuishi

603
00:31:26,880 --> 00:31:30,220
makosa, lakini tunaweza kutembea kwa njia ya
na kuona jinsi gani kuweka chupa

604
00:31:30,220 --> 00:31:33,685
na peewee pamoja,
na kufanya programu rahisi.

605
00:31:33,685 --> 00:31:38,680
Mimi simu yake CS50 rant, na ni
aina ya rahisi blog jukwaa.

606
00:31:38,680 --> 00:31:41,150
>> Hivyo, kwanza, mimi itabidi kuendesha na
kuonyesha nini inaonekana kama,

607
00:31:41,150 --> 00:31:42,890
na kisha tunaweza kuangalia zaidi katika kanuni.

608
00:31:42,890 --> 00:32:00,470

609
00:32:00,470 --> 00:32:02,830
Sawa, hivyo hebu kukimbia tu hii.

610
00:32:02,830 --> 00:32:14,040

611
00:32:14,040 --> 00:32:17,250
Baridi, mimi itabidi kufanya hii
kidogo kidogo.

612
00:32:17,250 --> 00:32:20,000
Siyo mzuri sana, kwa sababu tu
Sikuweza kufanya mengi ya CSS,

613
00:32:20,000 --> 00:32:23,255
lakini kile yake ni, ina
Mbegu hii ya blog posts,

614
00:32:23,255 --> 00:32:25,630
na huenda kwa njia zote za
nao, na itakuwa kuonyesha yao

615
00:32:25,630 --> 00:32:28,170
juu ya ukurasa katika utaratibu wa hivi karibuni zaidi.

616
00:32:28,170 --> 00:32:30,920
Na hivyo hizi ni baadhi tu ya posts
kwamba nilikuwa kuokolewa katika database.

617
00:32:30,920 --> 00:32:35,680
>> Hivyo kama tunataka kujenga mpya
baada, tunaweza kwenda Kuongeza New Post,

618
00:32:35,680 --> 00:32:42,720
na tunaweza kuingia jina la
baada, hivyo kitu kama, CS50 semina.

619
00:32:42,720 --> 00:32:45,360

620
00:32:45,360 --> 00:32:46,735
Wow, kweli kufurahia semina.

621
00:32:46,735 --> 00:32:51,070

622
00:32:51,070 --> 00:32:52,270
>> Baridi.

623
00:32:52,270 --> 00:32:56,060
Kisha vyombo vya habari baada, na itakuwa
kuelekeza wewe nyuma ya ukurasa wa nyumbani,

624
00:32:56,060 --> 00:33:00,039
na kisha utaona kwamba
karibuni baada alikuwa aliongeza.

625
00:33:00,039 --> 00:33:01,580
Na bado tuna wale wote huko.

626
00:33:01,580 --> 00:33:08,080
Hivyo sasa, hebu hatua kwa njia zote za
kanuni na kuona jinsi hii ni kutekelezwa.

627
00:33:08,080 --> 00:33:11,995
>> Kwa hiyo, nadhani jambo la kwanza kwamba hebu
tuangalie, ni kweli mifano.

628
00:33:11,995 --> 00:33:14,120
Muda mwingi, wakati
wewe ni kubuni kitu,

629
00:33:14,120 --> 00:33:17,036
unataka kufikiria kwanza juu ya namna
wewe ni kwenda kuwakilisha data yako,

630
00:33:17,036 --> 00:33:22,915
na kisha kubuni mambo kote kwamba,
hivyo kila kitu kuwa hufanya akili.

631
00:33:22,915 --> 00:33:25,290
Na kwamba ni kweli jinsi mimi
alifanya hivyo wakati mimi nilikuwa kufanya hii,

632
00:33:25,290 --> 00:33:28,030
Nikaketi, mawazo,
je, nataka katika nafasi hiyo.

633
00:33:28,030 --> 00:33:32,130
>> Kwa hiyo, hapa, tuna muundo huo
kwamba nilikuwa kutaja awali,

634
00:33:32,130 --> 00:33:33,755
ambapo sisi kufanya db = Sqldatabase ('posts.db').

635
00:33:33,755 --> 00:33:37,840

636
00:33:37,840 --> 00:33:40,980
Katika hali halisi, pengine hawataki
kwa kificho ngumu katika database jina yako.

637
00:33:40,980 --> 00:33:43,730
Kwamba lazima pengine kuwa vigezo
ambayo imehifadhiwa mahali fulani, labda

638
00:33:43,730 --> 00:33:45,940
katika config faili, lakini katika
mfano mdogo kama huu,

639
00:33:45,940 --> 00:33:48,310
ni sawa na kanuni ngumu kuwa katika.

640
00:33:48,310 --> 00:33:53,510
>> Hivyo sasa, tuna hii darasani Post,
ambayo kurithi kutoka mfano msingi.

641
00:33:53,510 --> 00:33:56,930
Na ina, tena,
ID = PrimaryKeyField.

642
00:33:56,930 --> 00:34:02,250
Kwa kweli, kama huna bayana,
kama mimi kwa kweli got kuondoa hii,

643
00:34:02,250 --> 00:34:07,152
kisha peewee sisi itachukua huduma ya
moja kwa moja kujenga shamba hilo ID,

644
00:34:07,152 --> 00:34:09,360
na itakuwa moja kwa moja
kufanya hivyo PrimaryKey, ambayo

645
00:34:09,360 --> 00:34:12,485
Nadhani kwa kweli ni nzuri, kwa sababu kwa kawaida,
hiyo ni kitu unataka kuwa,

646
00:34:12,485 --> 00:34:16,239
lakini mimi kama kuiweka katika hasa,
hivyo tu Nakumbuka kwamba ni katika huko.

647
00:34:16,239 --> 00:34:19,480
Lakini kama huna bayana kwamba,
kwamba atakuwa huko moja kwa moja.

648
00:34:19,480 --> 00:34:22,198
>> Hivyo basi, nina tarehe ambayo
ni DateTimeField, na wote

649
00:34:22,198 --> 00:34:24,864
mashamba hayo mbalimbali, ikiwa
kuangalia nyaraka peewee,

650
00:34:24,864 --> 00:34:28,920
nitakupa orodha ya tofauti
aina ya mashamba uweze kutumia.

651
00:34:28,920 --> 00:34:34,440
Kwa sehemu kubwa, ni sawa
kwa nini ungependa kuona katika SQL.

652
00:34:34,440 --> 00:34:37,699
Kwa hiyo, kuna Charfield,
VarCharFields, textfields,

653
00:34:37,699 --> 00:34:40,550
ambayo ni kwa muda mrefu sana
maandiko, kama baada ya blog

654
00:34:40,550 --> 00:34:44,460
uwezekano, DateTimeFields,
DoubleFields, FloatFields,

655
00:34:44,460 --> 00:34:46,100
zote mambo kama hayo.

656
00:34:46,100 --> 00:34:51,570
>> Na unaweza kupita katika hoja nyingine
kwa hiyo, ambayo sikuweza kutaja hapa.

657
00:34:51,570 --> 00:34:55,719
Sema, kwa mfano, wewe hakutaka
kuruhusu nafasi hizo mbili kuwa na cheo hicho,

658
00:34:55,719 --> 00:34:59,672
unaweza kutaja
kitu kama kipekee = Kweli,

659
00:34:59,672 --> 00:35:02,880
na kwamba tu parameter ziada ili
shamba hilo wakati inaandaa ni chini

660
00:35:02,880 --> 00:35:06,865
ndani ya SQL, itakuwa bayana
kwamba ina kuwa ya kipekee.

661
00:35:06,865 --> 00:35:09,740
Unaweza pia kutaja kitu kama
si batili na mambo mengine yote

662
00:35:09,740 --> 00:35:11,750
wewe kawaida kufanya katika SQL.

663
00:35:11,750 --> 00:35:16,020
Hivyo, hii ni pretty rahisi
mfano kwamba ina tarehe.

664
00:35:16,020 --> 00:35:19,460
Taarifa hapa, ndani ya DateTimeField,
Mimi bayana jambo la msingi ni.

665
00:35:19,460 --> 00:35:22,560
Mimi maalum kuwa ni
datetime.datetime.now,

666
00:35:22,560 --> 00:35:24,920
kwa sababu ya njia hiyo
hii anapata tathmini,

667
00:35:24,920 --> 00:35:28,750
ni kweli kutathmini
datetime.now wakati

668
00:35:28,750 --> 00:35:32,110
anapata kuingizwa katika orodha.

669
00:35:32,110 --> 00:35:34,760
>> Nadhani, Ningependa kuwa
mara mbili kuangalia hii,

670
00:35:34,760 --> 00:35:38,222
lakini kama alivyofanya kitu kama hii, basi
ingekuwa kweli kutathmini kwamba mara,

671
00:35:38,222 --> 00:35:40,180
na kisha DateTime
ingekuwa daima kuwa sawa.

672
00:35:40,180 --> 00:35:44,240
Hivyo, tu kama wewe ni kufanya kitu
na datetimes, kuangalia mara mbili

673
00:35:44,240 --> 00:35:47,080
kwamba ni kutathmini wakati
kweli anapata kuingizwa, la sivyo

674
00:35:47,080 --> 00:35:48,780
unaweza kuwa na kuchanganyikiwa.

675
00:35:48,780 --> 00:35:51,221
>> Cheo ni tu
Charfield, ambayo kuna

676
00:35:51,221 --> 00:35:53,970
hoja zaidi unaweza kupita
katika kubainisha hasa ni muda gani

677
00:35:53,970 --> 00:35:56,170
unataka kuwa, lakini hapa,
haikuwa kweli jambo.

678
00:35:56,170 --> 00:35:58,687
Na Nakala ni kwenda kuwa
Nakala ya goli nzima,

679
00:35:58,687 --> 00:36:01,020
na kwamba itakuja kuwa
TextField kwa sababu tu unataka

680
00:36:01,020 --> 00:36:03,370
kwa kuruhusu kuwa kamba pretty muda mrefu.

681
00:36:03,370 --> 00:36:05,970
>> Basi tuna Meta hii
Aina kwamba tu

682
00:36:05,970 --> 00:36:11,250
bayana kwamba tunataka orodha
ambapo hii ni kweli wazi juu katika

683
00:36:11,250 --> 00:36:14,267
kuwa db kitu kwamba sisi hapa.

684
00:36:14,267 --> 00:36:16,350
Na jambo la mwisho tuna
hapa, ni tu kazi hii

685
00:36:16,350 --> 00:36:18,120
kwamba tunakwenda
kutumia kutoka kwa programu yetu kuu

686
00:36:18,120 --> 00:36:23,970
initialize orodha kuungana na
yake, na kisha kujenga meza Post.

687
00:36:23,970 --> 00:36:26,880
>> Sasa, hebu tuangalie programu kuu yenyewe.

688
00:36:26,880 --> 00:36:30,800
Hivyo hii ni moja ya kabisa
kidogo tena kuliko wale

689
00:36:30,800 --> 00:36:34,840
kwamba tumeona kabla,
lakini hopefully si mbaya sana.

690
00:36:34,840 --> 00:36:37,140
Hivyo, napenda kupanua hii nje.

691
00:36:37,140 --> 00:36:38,370
Sawa.

692
00:36:38,370 --> 00:36:42,070
>> Hivyo, taarifa na juu mimi kutoka nje
rundo zima la mambo mengine

693
00:36:42,070 --> 00:36:44,129
kutoka chupa kwamba tuna si
kweli kuona mbele.

694
00:36:44,129 --> 00:36:46,670
Na hopefully, tunaweza kwenda kwa njia ya
kila mmoja wa haya moja kwa moja

695
00:36:46,670 --> 00:36:49,420
na kuongea kidogo zaidi kuhusu
nao, yamepangwa kwa mfano.

696
00:36:49,420 --> 00:36:51,380
Hivyo, tuna chupa,
na render_template,

697
00:36:51,380 --> 00:36:54,370
ambayo tumeona kabla,
ombi hili kitu,

698
00:36:54,370 --> 00:37:00,400
ambayo itakuwa kuja wakati sisi kuangalia jinsi
aina ya kuwa mimi alikuwa akionyesha kweli

699
00:37:00,400 --> 00:37:01,170
kazi.

700
00:37:01,170 --> 00:37:04,850
Kuelekeza, ambayo inakuwezesha kuelekeza
nyuma kutoka Kujenga New Post

701
00:37:04,850 --> 00:37:11,710
nyuma kwa asili Mzee, na kisha
URL, ambayo ni kitu ambayo inakuwezesha

702
00:37:11,710 --> 00:37:15,550
kufikiri ambapo juu ya
tovuti ukurasa fulani ni.

703
00:37:15,550 --> 00:37:17,810
>> Hivyo basi, karibu
Jambo mimi, ni mimi kuagiza

704
00:37:17,810 --> 00:37:21,550
wote wa habari kutoka Mifano
mafaili kwamba tulikuwa tu kuangalia.

705
00:37:21,550 --> 00:37:23,140
Na, yeah.

706
00:37:23,140 --> 00:37:28,720
>> Kwa hiyo, kitu kingine kipya ambacho huja
juu wakati wewe ni kushughulika na,

707
00:37:28,720 --> 00:37:31,850
hasa database,
ni kwamba unaweza kutaja

708
00:37:31,850 --> 00:37:35,110
kazi ambayo anapata kuitwa kabla
kila ombi, na kazi ambayo anapata

709
00:37:35,110 --> 00:37:39,690
aitwaye baada ya kila ombi, kwa kutumia hii
kazi decorator app.before ombi.

710
00:37:39,690 --> 00:37:42,324
>> Na hivyo hii kupata kunyongwa
popote kazi hii ni.

711
00:37:42,324 --> 00:37:44,240
Hii haina kuwa
aitwaye kabla ya ombi,

712
00:37:44,240 --> 00:37:46,281
lakini kwa kawaida hiyo ni kitu
busara kwa simu yake.

713
00:37:46,281 --> 00:37:48,580

714
00:37:48,580 --> 00:37:51,650
Unaweza kutaja chochote kazi
unataka kupata kuitwa huko,

715
00:37:51,650 --> 00:37:56,330
hivyo mimi maalum initialize_db hii
kazi ambayo tulikuwa nyuma katika Models

716
00:37:56,330 --> 00:38:02,390
faili, hivyo kabla ya kila ombi, wewe
wanataka kuungana na database.

717
00:38:02,390 --> 00:38:04,560
>> Kuna mambo mawili tofauti
njia unaweza kufanya hivyo.

718
00:38:04,560 --> 00:38:10,830
Unaweza kufanyaapp., I
kuamini ni after_request.

719
00:38:10,830 --> 00:38:13,800
Na tofauti kati ya
after_request na teardown_request,

720
00:38:13,800 --> 00:38:17,590
ni kwamba after_request kutokea tu
kama ombi kwa kweli ilikuwa halali.

721
00:38:17,590 --> 00:38:20,440
Na hivyo, tu kama
ombi alikuwa na mafanikio,

722
00:38:20,440 --> 00:38:22,490
kama hakuna potoka,
lakini teardown_request

723
00:38:22,490 --> 00:38:26,300
hutokea katika kesi ya mafanikio
ombi, au katika kesi ya upotevu.

724
00:38:26,300 --> 00:38:28,252
>> Hivyo, kwa kawaida, unataka
kutumia teardown_request,

725
00:38:28,252 --> 00:38:30,460
isipokuwa unataka kufanya
kitu, hasa mbalimbali

726
00:38:30,460 --> 00:38:31,470
katika kesi ya upotevu.

727
00:38:31,470 --> 00:38:35,122
Lakini tu kwa ajili ya kufunga Mbegu,
kama ikifanikiwa au kama inashindwa,

728
00:38:35,122 --> 00:38:37,080
tunafanya unataka kukatwa
kutoka orodha.

729
00:38:37,080 --> 00:38:41,240
Hivyo ni kuitwa, db.close
juu ya db kitu.

730
00:38:41,240 --> 00:38:43,740
>> Taarifa kwamba teardown_request
inachukua katika ubaguzi.

731
00:38:43,740 --> 00:38:46,781
Hivyo unaweza kuangalia kama kulikuwa na kwa kweli
makosa wakati ilikuwa kufungwa,

732
00:38:46,781 --> 00:38:49,390
lakini hapa, hopefully, huko
si mengi yote ya makosa,

733
00:38:49,390 --> 00:38:52,720
hivyo sisi ni tu aina ya kupuuza jambo hilo.

734
00:38:52,720 --> 00:38:55,990
>> Sawa, na wengine ni si mbaya sana.

735
00:38:55,990 --> 00:39:02,240
Hivyo, wakati sisi kwenda kwenye ukurasa wa nyumbani,
sisi kulipwa huu home.html Kigezo

736
00:39:02,240 --> 00:39:03,490
ambayo kufungua.

737
00:39:03,490 --> 00:39:06,240
Kupita ni katika wadhifa
sawa na, na yale huu

738
00:39:06,240 --> 00:39:10,260
anafanya yaani, kumbuka tuna post hii
mfano, hivyo sisi kuchagua nafasi zote,

739
00:39:10,260 --> 00:39:13,890
na kisha kitu kingine unaweza kufanya,
unaweza kutaja WAPI kifungu,

740
00:39:13,890 --> 00:39:16,910
unaweza kutaja
ili kwa, na hivyo tunachukua

741
00:39:16,910 --> 00:39:18,820
yote ya posts kwamba
kupata kuchaguliwa, na kisha

742
00:39:18,820 --> 00:39:22,590
sisi ili nao na
post.date.descending.

743
00:39:22,590 --> 00:39:25,030
Na kwamba bayana, wakati
wao kweli kuja nje,

744
00:39:25,030 --> 00:39:29,250
moja ya hivi karibuni
itakuwa moja ya kwanza.

745
00:39:29,250 --> 00:39:31,420
>> Na kisha, sisi kupita kwamba katika
home.html template,

746
00:39:31,420 --> 00:39:34,240
hivyo hebu kweli kufungua
kwamba Kigezo kweli haraka,

747
00:39:34,240 --> 00:39:36,760
na kuangalia jinsi hiyo kazi.

748
00:39:36,760 --> 00:39:42,130
Na hii si HTML kubwa, lakini
hopefully, tunaweza kuzingatia chatu.

749
00:39:42,130 --> 00:39:46,960
>> Hivyo kuna kiungo kwa Kuongeza New
Baada, na hivyo hii inabainisha njia

750
00:39:46,960 --> 00:39:51,580
ndani ya chupa kwamba sisi
kufafanua, ambayo ni haki hapa.

751
00:39:51,580 --> 00:39:56,310
Hii ni mpya baada ya njia,
na sisi bayana kwamba hapa.

752
00:39:56,310 --> 00:40:00,450
Na hivyo kuwa ni kiungo ambayo kisha kwenda
kwa kuwa njia ndani ya kompyuta chupa.

753
00:40:00,450 --> 00:40:03,820
>> Jambo zaidi ya kuvutia
ni hii kwa kitanzi hapa.

754
00:40:03,820 --> 00:40:07,685
Hivyo sisi kutaja kuwa hii
baada parameter ambayo

755
00:40:07,685 --> 00:40:09,560
ilipitishwa katika
kazi render_template,

756
00:40:09,560 --> 00:40:13,550
kwa kila baada katika wadhifa wa
kitu kwamba anapata kupita katika.

757
00:40:13,550 --> 00:40:16,600
Tunataka magazeti nje
kichwa cha habari, katika H1,

758
00:40:16,600 --> 00:40:21,930
na kisha chini, tunataka magazeti nje
baada maandishi ndani ya aya.

759
00:40:21,930 --> 00:40:25,710
>> Na hapa, tunaweza kweli
piga chatu kazi,

760
00:40:25,710 --> 00:40:35,130
hivyo tunaweza kuwaita strftime, ST-RF muda,
na unaweza kupita katika string format

761
00:40:35,130 --> 00:40:37,064
kwamba unataka magazeti data kutoka katika.

762
00:40:37,064 --> 00:40:39,980
Hivyo ni pretty nzuri kwamba unaweza
kweli kuwaita hii kazi chatu

763
00:40:39,980 --> 00:40:41,090
kutoka ndani hapa.

764
00:40:41,090 --> 00:40:44,370
Huna kufanya formatting juu ya
upande mtawala, kwa sababu kwa kweli,

765
00:40:44,370 --> 00:40:47,770
formatting tarehe ni kitu ambacho
unataka kukabiliana ndani ya View.

766
00:40:47,770 --> 00:40:51,480
>> Na wote wa asilimia hizi
mambo si super muhimu.

767
00:40:51,480 --> 00:40:55,270
Kama wewe kuangalia juu nyaraka
kwa strftime kazi katika Python,

768
00:40:55,270 --> 00:40:57,040
inabainisha haya yote
mambo, lakini hiyo ya

769
00:40:57,040 --> 00:40:59,190
jinsi gani, wakati tulikuwa kuangalia
katika ukurasa wa nyumbani hapa,

770
00:40:59,190 --> 00:41:04,440
ni format hii na nzuri
tarehe, na ni bayana AM au PM,

771
00:41:04,440 --> 00:41:09,410
lakini kwa kawaida, kama sisi
hawakuwa na hii hapa,

772
00:41:09,410 --> 00:41:14,024
pengine utasikia kupata baadhi ya takataka
tarehe hiyo hakuwa na kuangalia nzuri sana.

773
00:41:14,024 --> 00:41:15,940
Na kisha sisi taja
post.text, na mimi naweza

774
00:41:15,940 --> 00:41:19,460
kuweka wanandoa wa
mstari mapumziko hapa, tu

775
00:41:19,460 --> 00:41:21,820
kuweka baadhi ya maeneo kati ya kila post.

776
00:41:21,820 --> 00:41:26,270
>> Kwa hiyo, nadhani muhimu zaidi
Jambo katika mfano huu,

777
00:41:26,270 --> 00:41:28,697
ni kwamba unaweza kutumia hii kwa kitanzi.

778
00:41:28,697 --> 00:41:30,780
Na hii ni sawa na
mambo unaweza kufanya katika PHP.

779
00:41:30,780 --> 00:41:32,905
Unaweza iterate kupitia,
kila kitu anapata kupita katika,

780
00:41:32,905 --> 00:41:36,719
na hivyo, badala ya kuwa na kufanya
nakala / kuweka, nakala / kuweka HTML wote,

781
00:41:36,719 --> 00:41:40,010
wewe tu na kuandika ni mara moja, na kisha
unaweza iterate juu ya yote ya vyeo.

782
00:41:40,010 --> 00:41:41,510
>> Na hili ni jambo
kawaida kwamba unataka

783
00:41:41,510 --> 00:41:44,510
kufanya, wakati una mengi ya data,
ni kwamba kwa kila kitu katika data zako,

784
00:41:44,510 --> 00:41:48,370
unataka kufanya jambo kama hilo.

785
00:41:48,370 --> 00:41:51,690
Na kisha, kumbuka tu, kwamba wakati
unataka magazeti nje kitu kwa uwazi

786
00:41:51,690 --> 00:41:54,780
katika HTML, wewe kutumia
braces mara mbili hapa,

787
00:41:54,780 --> 00:41:57,820
lakini kisha wakati unataka kutaja
baadhi ya taarifa kuhusu hali,

788
00:41:57,820 --> 00:42:02,430
au juu ya kwa kitanzi, wewe
kutumia asilimia mabano.

789
00:42:02,430 --> 00:42:08,730
>> Hivyo, kurejea chatu
kanuni, ili anaelezea

790
00:42:08,730 --> 00:42:12,242
nini kinatokea katika kuu
njia, wakati sisi kwenda huko,

791
00:42:12,242 --> 00:42:14,450
ni tu maonyesho zote
posts, lakini basi swali

792
00:42:14,450 --> 00:42:17,440
ni, jinsi gani sisi kweli kupata
posts katika orodha, ambayo

793
00:42:17,440 --> 00:42:18,970
ni kidogo zaidi ya kuvutia.

794
00:42:18,970 --> 00:42:23,960
>> Hivyo, unapobonyeza New
Baada kiungo, ambayo tuliona hapa,

795
00:42:23,960 --> 00:42:26,000
ni maelekezo wewe na fomu hii.

796
00:42:26,000 --> 00:42:29,580
Na kwamba tu wito rahisi
kazi render_template, ambayo kisha

797
00:42:29,580 --> 00:42:32,110
hupita katika baada ya mwezi katika HTML fomu.

798
00:42:32,110 --> 00:42:36,212
Basi hebu tuangalie hiyo.

799
00:42:36,212 --> 00:42:37,420
Hivyo hii ni moja ya pretty rahisi.

800
00:42:37,420 --> 00:42:45,110
Ina rahisi HTML fomu, ambayo
utaangalia kidogo utambuzi,

801
00:42:45,110 --> 00:42:47,380
kulingana na aina katika CS50 Fedha.

802
00:42:47,380 --> 00:42:49,940
Na hivyo, sisi kutaja hapa, hatua.

803
00:42:49,940 --> 00:42:52,435
Na hapa, kama wewe ni kufanya kazi
na PHP, kwa kawaida, ni

804
00:42:52,435 --> 00:42:55,930
itakuwa kitu kama,
create.PHP, lakini hapa

805
00:42:55,930 --> 00:42:59,960
sisi kweli bayana njia
ndani ya kompyuta chupa.

806
00:42:59,960 --> 00:43:02,520
Na hivyo, njia hii sambamba
kujenga njia

807
00:43:02,520 --> 00:43:05,680
kwamba sisi hapa, ambayo
tutaweza kwenda katika katika pili.

808
00:43:05,680 --> 00:43:07,630
>> Na hivyo, sisi kutaja kuwa
ni njia ya posta,

809
00:43:07,630 --> 00:43:09,820
kwa sababu tunataka kutuma
taarifa hii fomu, na kwa kawaida

810
00:43:09,820 --> 00:43:12,945
wakati wewe ni kutuma taarifa kutoka fomu,
unaweza kutaka kutumia ombi baada,

811
00:43:12,945 --> 00:43:15,760
tu hivyo huna kuishia
na hii kubwa, unwieldy URL.

812
00:43:15,760 --> 00:43:18,970
Lakini pia unaweza kutumia ombi GET,
na kuupitisha katika na kutofautiana routing,

813
00:43:18,970 --> 00:43:21,170
lakini kwa namna, ni nzuri
na baada ya ombi hapa.

814
00:43:21,170 --> 00:43:24,620
Na hivyo basi, tu kama wewe
atafanya na HTML na PHP,

815
00:43:24,620 --> 00:43:28,420
unaweza kutaja pembejeo hizi maandishi,
na unaweza kutaja jina yao,

816
00:43:28,420 --> 00:43:33,490
na kwamba jina kwamba kupata kupita
ndani ya ombi kitu ndani ya chupa.

817
00:43:33,490 --> 00:43:36,960
>> Na kisha sisi Kuwasilisha
kifungo kwamba anasema baada.

818
00:43:36,960 --> 00:43:40,760
Na hapa, idadi ni jina la
kifungo, kwa sababu ni baada ya blog,

819
00:43:40,760 --> 00:43:42,700
lakini hapa, baada ya ni mbinu ya ombi.

820
00:43:42,700 --> 00:43:47,060
Basi hizo neno hilo hilo
lakini kwa kweli lisilohusiana.

821
00:43:47,060 --> 00:43:48,460
Yeah

822
00:43:48,460 --> 00:43:54,800
>> Kurejea chatu kificho,
wakati sisi kuitwa kujenga mbinu,

823
00:43:54,800 --> 00:43:57,702
taarifa hapa kwamba unaweza
kweli bayana ndani ya njia

824
00:43:57,702 --> 00:44:00,650
mbinu ombi
kwamba unataka kukubali,

825
00:44:00,650 --> 00:44:04,770
na hivyo hapa, mimi kutaja kwamba mimi
tu wanataka kukubali njia Post.

826
00:44:04,770 --> 00:44:09,800
Hivyo, kama mimi kwa kweli kujaribu kutembelea ukurasa
moja kwa moja, ambayo ni kwa kutumia ombi GET,

827
00:44:09,800 --> 00:44:11,700
itakuwa kuniambia "Mbinu hairuhusiwi."

828
00:44:11,700 --> 00:44:15,840
>> Na hivyo, una kurasa, aina ya kama
huu kuunda ukurasa, ambayo mimi nina tu

829
00:44:15,840 --> 00:44:20,192
kweli kutumia kama njia ya
fomu ya kupata kuwasilishwa,

830
00:44:20,192 --> 00:44:22,900
unaweza kutaja kwamba huna
wanataka watu kuwa na uwezo wa kwenda huko

831
00:44:22,900 --> 00:44:25,650
moja kwa moja kupitia ombi GET,
au kama wewe hakutaka,

832
00:44:25,650 --> 00:44:28,580
kwa sababu fulani, baada ya ombi,
unaweza tu kutaja kupata hapa,

833
00:44:28,580 --> 00:44:32,720
lakini katika mfano huu, sisi tu
wanataka Baada ya ombi kwenda nje.

834
00:44:32,720 --> 00:44:38,700
>> Hivyo, wakati create_post inaitwa, wakati
sisi kutembelea kwamba kupitia Baada ya ombi,

835
00:44:38,700 --> 00:44:43,600
wakati wowote kwenda fulani
Njia, kuna ombi hili kitu,

836
00:44:43,600 --> 00:44:46,640
na tulikuwa na kuagiza
maombi juu sana,

837
00:44:46,640 --> 00:44:49,640
lakini kuna ombi hili
kitu kwamba anapata kupita katika,

838
00:44:49,640 --> 00:44:53,210
na unaweza kupata data za fomu,
ambayo moja kwa moja kupata kujazwa

839
00:44:53,210 --> 00:44:55,070
wakati kutuma ombi kutoka fomu.

840
00:44:55,070 --> 00:44:56,990
>> Na kisha, nini nadhani
ni kweli baridi, ni

841
00:44:56,990 --> 00:45:02,840
ile namna kitu kwa kupata kupita
katika, ni tu chatu kamusi kwamba

842
00:45:02,840 --> 00:45:10,560
Ina, kama wewe access-- hivyo hapa, hebu
mimi kuvuta up HTML karibu na hiyo, tu

843
00:45:10,560 --> 00:45:17,670
hivyo unaweza kuwa na kwamba
kama rejea, ndiyo, hivyo

844
00:45:17,670 --> 00:45:21,060
majina kwamba sisi kutaja hapa
kwa nyanja mbalimbali, hivyo

845
00:45:21,060 --> 00:45:23,900
cheo na asilia, sisi
kisha kutumia tu wale zaidi hapa

846
00:45:23,900 --> 00:45:27,110
kama fahirisi katika data za fomu.

847
00:45:27,110 --> 00:45:28,950
Hivyo hiyo ni super rahisi.

848
00:45:28,950 --> 00:45:33,320
>> Hivyo basi tunatoa wito post.create, ambayo
kujenga na moja kwa moja kuingiza

849
00:45:33,320 --> 00:45:36,850
huu mpya baada kitu katika database.

850
00:45:36,850 --> 00:45:40,690
Na nadhani hii kujenga kazi
hapa ni mfano wa jinsi ya kweli ya baridi

851
00:45:40,690 --> 00:45:44,900
nguvu chupa ni na kufanya kazi na hii,
kwa sababu kama wewe walikuwa wakifanya kitu

852
00:45:44,900 --> 00:45:48,660
katika PHP, unaweza kuwa na
kufanya mengi ya uthibitisho,

853
00:45:48,660 --> 00:45:51,730
ingekuwa kisha
kuanzisha uhusiano database,

854
00:45:51,730 --> 00:45:55,210
ingekuwa kisha
kutekeleza swala SQL,

855
00:45:55,210 --> 00:45:59,550
lakini hapa sisi tu hii nzuri
post.create, ambayo tunaweza kisha tu

856
00:45:59,550 --> 00:46:01,520
kupata taarifa nje
ya ombi kitu,

857
00:46:01,520 --> 00:46:05,370
na kisha kupita ndani ya mwezi
baada ya kwamba sisi ni kujenga.

858
00:46:05,370 --> 00:46:07,850
>> Na kisha, mwisho kabisa
Jambo tunataka kufanya,

859
00:46:07,850 --> 00:46:09,630
ni kuelekeza
user kurudi nyumbani.

860
00:46:09,630 --> 00:46:13,020
Na hivyo sisi kutumia hii
Chupa kuelekeza kazi.

861
00:46:13,020 --> 00:46:17,770
Na kitu ambacho tulikuwa na si kuonekana
kabla, ilikuwa hii kazi URL.

862
00:46:17,770 --> 00:46:21,970
Hivyo URL kwa ajili ya kazi inakuwezesha
kupita katika kweli jina

863
00:46:21,970 --> 00:46:26,090
ya kazi katika Python kanuni yako,
badala ya njia fulani

864
00:46:26,090 --> 00:46:26,720
kuwa ni katika.

865
00:46:26,720 --> 00:46:32,107
>> Ili niweze kuwa na urahisi tu kama
itaelekezwa mtumiaji kupunguza,

866
00:46:32,107 --> 00:46:37,050
ambayo itakuwa kutuma nyuma nyumbani, lakini
kutumia URL kwa ajili ya kazi ni nzuri,

867
00:46:37,050 --> 00:46:39,990
kwa sababu kama mabadiliko ya
eneo ambapo mambo ni,

868
00:46:39,990 --> 00:46:44,080
hivyo hebu kusema kwamba mimi mabadiliko
nyumbani kuwa katika / nyumbani badala yake,

869
00:46:44,080 --> 00:46:47,040
hii itakuwa bado kisha kurudi / nyumbani,
kwa sababu kwa kweli inakwenda na inaonekana hadi

870
00:46:47,040 --> 00:46:50,770
jina la kazi, na
nitakupa nyuma URL kwa ajili hiyo.

871
00:46:50,770 --> 00:46:52,490
>> Hivyo, aina ya juu ya
dhana kwamba uko

872
00:46:52,490 --> 00:46:55,489
zaidi uwezekano wa kubadili ambapo mambo
ni, kuliko majina ya kazi.

873
00:46:55,489 --> 00:46:58,840
Unaweza kutumia hii kwa kweli
nzuri URL kwa ajili ya kazi.

874
00:46:58,840 --> 00:47:02,470
Na jambo moja kuwa na ufahamu wa
kuwa ni kidogo suala gumu,

875
00:47:02,470 --> 00:47:05,750
ni kwamba unafikiri anaweza tu
piga kuelekeza juu ya URL kwa,

876
00:47:05,750 --> 00:47:10,600
lakini kwa kweli wote wa njia na
kurudi aina fulani ya maandishi na HTML,

877
00:47:10,600 --> 00:47:14,360
kweli hivyo kuwa na
kurudi kuelekeza simu.

878
00:47:14,360 --> 00:47:18,379
Vinginevyo, utapata kitu
batili kuhusu si kurudi kamba,

879
00:47:18,379 --> 00:47:21,420
kwa sababu yote haya na kurudi
kweli HTML unataka kutoa.

880
00:47:21,420 --> 00:47:26,980
>> Na hivyo, wakati wewe piga kuelekeza,
ni maelekezo wewe na ukurasa,

881
00:47:26,980 --> 00:47:30,270
lakini kwa kweli anarudi HTML
wewe haja ya kutekeleza kwamba kuelekeza.

882
00:47:30,270 --> 00:47:34,430

883
00:47:34,430 --> 00:47:37,110
Kurudi nyuma kwenye ukurasa wa nyumba.

884
00:47:37,110 --> 00:47:39,200
Hivyo tuna hizi maoni mawili tofauti.

885
00:47:39,200 --> 00:47:40,132
Tuna mtazamo nyumbani.

886
00:47:40,132 --> 00:47:41,590
Au, mimi nadhani ni lazima kusema templates.

887
00:47:41,590 --> 00:47:44,190
Tuna templates hizi mbili,
template nyumbani ambayo

888
00:47:44,190 --> 00:47:48,500
maonyesho yote ya posts yetu, na
basi tuna jambo hili tangazo,

889
00:47:48,500 --> 00:47:52,970
na unapobonyeza baada, unaendelea
kwa njia mpya ndani ya chupa,

890
00:47:52,970 --> 00:47:55,920
lakini njia hiyo haina si lazima
na template sambamba.

891
00:47:55,920 --> 00:47:59,290

892
00:47:59,290 --> 00:48:01,560
Huna kuona
kitu chochote, lakini bado unaweza

893
00:48:01,560 --> 00:48:04,090
na kazi hii kwenda
juu ya nyuma ya pazia.

894
00:48:04,090 --> 00:48:07,450
Na kisha kupata itaelekezwa
nyuma kwa ukurasa wa nyumbani.

895
00:48:07,450 --> 00:48:12,230
Na dhahiri, ni rahisi kufanya kazi
katika baadhi CSS nicer katika template

896
00:48:12,230 --> 00:48:15,580
na kufanya hii kuangalia mengi nicer,
lakini wote wa mantiki kuu

897
00:48:15,580 --> 00:48:18,590
ni pale katika Python.

898
00:48:18,590 --> 00:48:20,020
>> Maswali yoyote kuhusu mfano huo?

899
00:48:20,020 --> 00:48:22,760
Najua kuna mengi ya
mambo mbalimbali kinachoendelea huko,

900
00:48:22,760 --> 00:48:25,341
mambo mengi sisi alikuwa si kuonekana
kabla, lakini kama kitu chochote.

901
00:48:25,341 --> 00:48:25,840
Naam.

902
00:48:25,840 --> 00:48:28,346
>> Watazamaji 1: Je, una kufanya kitu chochote
maalum scrub data hiyo ni

903
00:48:28,346 --> 00:48:29,600
anatoka fomu?

904
00:48:29,600 --> 00:48:31,109
Niliona wewe tu alisema "kujenga,"

905
00:48:31,109 --> 00:48:33,900
EZRA Zigmond: Yeah, hivyo hiyo ni
kweli, hiyo ni hatua nzuri kwa kweli.

906
00:48:33,900 --> 00:48:36,350
Hivyo swali lilikuwa, je
haja ya kuangalia na kuhakikisha

907
00:48:36,350 --> 00:48:39,190
kwamba data ni halali, na
kufanya aina yoyote ya scrubbing

908
00:48:39,190 --> 00:48:41,840
kuhakikisha kwamba ni halali,
kwa sababu kama unaweza kuona hapa,

909
00:48:41,840 --> 00:48:42,660
Mimi si kufanya hivyo.

910
00:48:42,660 --> 00:48:48,140
Basi hebu angalia nini kinatokea
kama mimi baada ya kitu tupu.

911
00:48:48,140 --> 00:48:51,190
Kwa hiyo, kutakuwa na kweli tu kufanya
tupu ya mwisho na kujaza DateTime.

912
00:48:51,190 --> 00:48:55,990
>> Hivyo katika hali halisi, wewe ingekuwa pengine
wanataka kufanya kitu kama,

913
00:48:55,990 --> 00:49:04,749
labda kutaja kama cheo ni sawa na
kamba tupu, basi si kufanya hivyo.

914
00:49:04,749 --> 00:49:07,290
Au, tu kufanya hivyo kama cheo ni
si sawa na kamba tupu.

915
00:49:07,290 --> 00:49:10,330
Hivyo haina kweli moja kwa moja
utunzaji wa kwamba scrubbing

916
00:49:10,330 --> 00:49:12,820
kwa wewe, hivyo bado haja ya kufanya hivyo.

917
00:49:12,820 --> 00:49:14,330
Yeah, swali zuri.

918
00:49:14,330 --> 00:49:18,497
>> Watazamaji 2: Je, ni scrub
kwa mwema sindano?

919
00:49:18,497 --> 00:49:19,890
Unajua?

920
00:49:19,890 --> 00:49:22,830
>> EZRA Zigmond: Hopefully,
peewee anafanya hivyo.

921
00:49:22,830 --> 00:49:25,830
Nadhani bila ya shaka itakuwa pretty
maktaba mbaya kama hakuwa na kufanya hivyo.

922
00:49:25,830 --> 00:49:29,511

923
00:49:29,511 --> 00:49:32,690
Sijui hasa.

924
00:49:32,690 --> 00:49:34,820
Ningependa kuwa na kuangalia
swala kwamba yanayotokana.

925
00:49:34,820 --> 00:49:38,980
Nadhani, kama mimi typed katika
baada ya blog kwamba aina ya inaonekana

926
00:49:38,980 --> 00:49:46,370
kama mashambulizi SQL sindano,
kitu kama hii, kama hii

927
00:49:46,370 --> 00:49:49,370
Ni kama uwanja password au kitu,
unaweza kufanya kitu kama hiki.

928
00:49:49,370 --> 00:49:53,410
>> Nadhani itakuwa bado
kupata halisi posted,

929
00:49:53,410 --> 00:49:59,200
lakini nadhani kuwa peewee haina kufanya
aina fulani ya scrubbing ya data

930
00:49:59,200 --> 00:50:01,680
kabla ni kweli executes yake.

931
00:50:01,680 --> 00:50:04,510
>> Watazamaji 1: Hiyo shamba maandishi ni
iliyoundwa na kuchukua Nakala wazi, sawa?

932
00:50:04,510 --> 00:50:05,710
>> EZRA Zigmond: Yeah, ni.

933
00:50:05,710 --> 00:50:06,465
Naam.

934
00:50:06,465 --> 00:50:09,590
Hivyo nadhani kwamba wote wa, hivyo hii ni
tabia sahihi, ambayo kufanya hivyo,

935
00:50:09,590 --> 00:50:12,170
lakini nadhani kuwa peewee
hopefully gani kufanya

936
00:50:12,170 --> 00:50:13,780
aina fulani ya ulinzi juu ya mwisho wao.

937
00:50:13,780 --> 00:50:16,090
Na kama alitaka
kuangalia mara mbili kwamba, kuna

938
00:50:16,090 --> 00:50:19,530
njia wakati wewe kuzalisha swala.

939
00:50:19,530 --> 00:50:22,622
hivyo huna kwa
nitafanya hivyo moja kwa moja.

940
00:50:22,622 --> 00:50:24,330
Ningependa kuwa na kuchukua
kuangalia nyaraka,

941
00:50:24,330 --> 00:50:27,930
lakini unaweza kweli kuona
SQL kwamba ni kuzalisha,

942
00:50:27,930 --> 00:50:30,840
na tuangalie kwamba, na kufanya
kuhakikisha kwamba ni kuponyoka mambo.

943
00:50:30,840 --> 00:50:33,700
>> Sababu nyingine waweza
wanataka kuangalia SQL

944
00:50:33,700 --> 00:50:37,920
kwamba peewee ni outputting, ni kama
mambo yanaonekana kuwa kwenda kwa kweli polepole,

945
00:50:37,920 --> 00:50:41,090
unaweza kuchukua kuangalia na kuona nini ni
kweli kufanya, kwa sababu ni wakati mwingine

946
00:50:41,090 --> 00:50:44,670
rahisi ajali kuongeza
katika, njia ya kuandika hayo,

947
00:50:44,670 --> 00:50:47,880
unaweza ajali kuwa ni
kuchagua database nzima ya kwanza,

948
00:50:47,880 --> 00:50:50,230
na kisha kufanya baadhi ya operesheni aina
juu ya kwamba, wakati kweli

949
00:50:50,230 --> 00:50:51,320
maana ya kuchagua subset.

950
00:50:51,320 --> 00:50:53,560
>> Na hivyo, kama mambo si
kabisa kwenda kulia,

951
00:50:53,560 --> 00:50:57,300
ni vizuri tuangalie ombi
hiyo ni kweli kupata yanayotokana.

952
00:50:57,300 --> 00:50:57,800
Naam.

953
00:50:57,800 --> 00:51:02,100
>> Watazamaji 2: Wakati kwanza kuanza,
kuweka katika bandari kama 5000.

954
00:51:02,100 --> 00:51:02,904
>> EZRA Zigmond: Naam.

955
00:51:02,904 --> 00:51:06,070
Watazamaji 2: Je, chaguo-msingi kwa peewee,
au ni kitu ambacho unaweza kubadilisha?

956
00:51:06,070 --> 00:51:10,870
EZRA Zigmond: Ndiyo, hivyo
bandari ni msingi kwa chupa.

957
00:51:10,870 --> 00:51:13,061
Kama wewe kukimbia bila
kubainisha kitu chochote,

958
00:51:13,061 --> 00:51:14,310
itakuwa moja kwa moja kufanya hivyo.

959
00:51:14,310 --> 00:51:16,060
Naamini, Ningependa kuwa
mara mbili kuangalia hii,

960
00:51:16,060 --> 00:51:19,130
lakini unaweza kutaja kwamba katika app.run,
Nadhani unaweza kufanya kitu kama,

961
00:51:19,130 --> 00:51:19,629
bandari = 8080.

962
00:51:19,629 --> 00:51:22,375

963
00:51:22,375 --> 00:51:23,750
Hebu kutoa kwamba kujaribu halisi haraka.

964
00:51:23,750 --> 00:51:29,100

965
00:51:29,100 --> 00:51:32,230
Yeah, hivyo unaweza tu kutaja
bandari = 8080, na itakuwa kukimbia huko,

966
00:51:32,230 --> 00:51:36,130
ambayo nadhani, kama alitaka kuendesha
juu ya IDE, mimi si walijaribu hii nje,

967
00:51:36,130 --> 00:51:38,527
lakini nadhani kwamba kama wewe
mbio ni juu bandari 8080,

968
00:51:38,527 --> 00:51:40,360
wewe d pengine kuwa na uwezo
kupata server,

969
00:51:40,360 --> 00:51:41,870
tu kama wewe walikuwa kwa ajili ya tovuti.

970
00:51:41,870 --> 00:51:44,390
>> Yeah, lakini ni rahisi
mabadiliko hayo kama wewe

971
00:51:44,390 --> 00:51:48,540
na aina yoyote ya bandari kama-usambazaji
mambo ambayo unahitaji kufanya.

972
00:51:48,540 --> 00:51:50,410
>> Yoyote maswali mengine?

973
00:51:50,410 --> 00:51:50,916
Yeah?

974
00:51:50,916 --> 00:51:53,416
Watazamaji 1: Kwa hiyo, nikaona katika yako
mifano ya kwamba, kama zilizotajwa,

975
00:51:53,416 --> 00:51:55,647
una bayana
Mbegu kwa kila kitu.

976
00:51:55,647 --> 00:51:58,105
Je, kutokea kwa kujua, je,
kwamba kufanya hivyo ni kweli ni rahisi kama wewe

977
00:51:58,105 --> 00:52:03,210
kuwa na kura ya SQLite database kwamba
wanataka kutumia kwa moja programu ya mtandao,

978
00:52:03,210 --> 00:52:07,210
uweze tu kutaja kundi
ya ndio tofauti katika mfano wako?

979
00:52:07,210 --> 00:52:11,620
>> EZRA Zigmond: Yeah, napenda
kufungua kuwa hadi halisi haraka.

980
00:52:11,620 --> 00:52:17,570
Hivyo, wewe ni kusema, kama unataka kuwa
rundo la tofauti kitu, labda

981
00:52:17,570 --> 00:52:22,670
kama na wanafunzi, kwa baadhi
sababu, kitu kama hicho?

982
00:52:22,670 --> 00:52:26,870
Yeah, hivyo nadhani kwamba
wewe bado, kila mfano

983
00:52:26,870 --> 00:52:30,652
ingekuwa bado wana haki
Mbegu moja kwa ajili ya jambo hilo,

984
00:52:30,652 --> 00:52:32,610
lakini kama wewe alitaka kuwa
mifano mbalimbali kwamba

985
00:52:32,610 --> 00:52:35,818
kuwa vitu database mbalimbali kwa ajili
kwa hiyo, unaweza dhahiri kufanya hivyo.

986
00:52:35,818 --> 00:52:43,070
Hivyo, kama mimi umba mpya,
kitu kama hii,

987
00:52:43,070 --> 00:52:47,000
na sasa hii ni mwanafunzi kuwa
Inaonekana kama oddly baada ya blog,

988
00:52:47,000 --> 00:52:49,390
Mimi naweza bayana kwamba
Mbegu ni sawa na db_2 hapa.

989
00:52:49,390 --> 00:52:51,390
Kwa hiyo, nadhani hiyo ni
njia kuu unaweza kufanya hivyo.

990
00:52:51,390 --> 00:52:54,560

991
00:52:54,560 --> 00:52:56,200
>> Baridi.

992
00:52:56,200 --> 00:52:58,410
Yoyote maswali mengine?

993
00:52:58,410 --> 00:53:02,170
>> Hivyo tu kumaliza juu kidogo
kidogo, hapa ni baadhi ya rasilimali,

994
00:53:02,170 --> 00:53:06,030
na slides hizi itakuwa posted online
hivyo unaweza kweli kupata viungo hivi.

995
00:53:06,030 --> 00:53:08,500
Rasilimali bora ni kweli
nyaraka kwa chupa

996
00:53:08,500 --> 00:53:09,930
na peewee wenyewe.

997
00:53:09,930 --> 00:53:12,940
Re kuandikwa vizuri, nadhani.

998
00:53:12,940 --> 00:53:18,180
Hivyo, tovuti chupa ni hapa, na
wana quickstart mafunzo ambayo

999
00:53:18,180 --> 00:53:20,710
kutembea kwa njia ya sawa
mambo ya kile kutembea kwa njia,

1000
00:53:20,710 --> 00:53:23,560
lakini kama unataka aina yoyote ya mapitio
ya mambo ambayo mimi akaenda juu,

1001
00:53:23,560 --> 00:53:26,200
au wewe walidhani kwamba nilivyoeleza
kitu katika njia utata,

1002
00:53:26,200 --> 00:53:28,390
wao itabidi mifano kama hiyo huko.

1003
00:53:28,390 --> 00:53:31,570
>> Peewee ina nyaraka, na
wana quickstart mafunzo

1004
00:53:31,570 --> 00:53:34,650
kwamba huenda juu ya vigezo kuu
kuwa wewe unataka kutumia.

1005
00:53:34,650 --> 00:53:38,900
Kwa hiyo, mambo mimi kuongelea kwa
kipekee, na kubainisha defaults,

1006
00:53:38,900 --> 00:53:42,710
aina mbalimbali ya mashamba kwamba
unaweza kutumia, wale ingekuwa wote kuwa huko.

1007
00:53:42,710 --> 00:53:44,690
>> Pia, kama una
maswali kuhusu peewee,

1008
00:53:44,690 --> 00:53:47,530
na wewe baada yao kwenye stackoverflow,
guy ambaye alifanya peewee kweli

1009
00:53:47,530 --> 00:53:49,500
unaendelea na majibu hayo wakati mwingine.

1010
00:53:49,500 --> 00:53:53,200
Kama una swali, hopefully
yeye utakuwa na uwezo wa kujibu hilo,

1011
00:53:53,200 --> 00:53:54,867
kwa sababu yeye aliandika jambo zima.

1012
00:53:54,867 --> 00:53:56,700
Nadhani hiyo ni kila kitu
Nilitaka cover.

1013
00:53:56,700 --> 00:53:58,930
Shukrani kwa kuja nje.

1014
00:53:58,930 --> 00:54:02,688