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[Powered by Google Translate] Katika video hii mimi itabidi kuanzisha baadhi ya vipengele mpya

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ambazo zitatumika kujenga mzunguko wako wa kwanza.

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Baadaye sisi hatua katika mazingira ya maendeleo Arduino

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na kujifunza baadhi ya ni ya msingi makala.

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Hatimaye tutakuwa code microcontroller yetu ya kwanza ya mpango na upload ni Arduino yetu.

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Hebu kupata kuanza.

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>> sehemu ya kwanza kwamba tunapaswa kujielimisha wenyewe na ni breadboard solderless.

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Breadboard Hii inaruhusu yetu mfano au mtihani nyaya wetu

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tu kwa kuweka inaongoza au ncha sehemu ndani ya mashimo hayo vidogo aitwaye soketi.

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Ni muhimu kutambua kwamba barua na idadi kukimbia pamoja mzunguko wa breadboard.

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Hii ni kwa sababu soketi katika kila mstari kuhesabiwa ni kushikamana

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ambayo ina maana ya mstari 1A kwa mstari 1E, kwa mfano,

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atapokea sasa huo, hata hivyo, safu si kushikamana kwa kila mmoja.

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>> sehemu ya pili ni resistor ambayo ina puroposes msingi

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ya sasa ya kupunguza na kugawa voltage.

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Sisi kutumia resistors kwa sababu si wote vipengele kukubali ngazi moja ya voltage

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kwamba chanzo nguvu hutoa.

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Wakati voltage steady inatumika inaongoza ya resistor,

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kiasi cha sasa kwamba inaruhusu kumiminika ni kuamua na upinzani wake

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ambayo ni kipimo katika ohms.

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Hivyo zaidi ohms matokeo hadi chini ya sasa.

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Ili kwa kufikiri jinsi ya kufanya mahesabu ya kiasi cha upinzani katika ohms

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kwamba resistor inatumika, sisi tu kuangalia kupigwa yake rangi

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ambayo wrap kuzunguka casing nje.

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thamani ya upinzani inaweza kusomwa kwa kupigwa kwanza 3 wa rangi.

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Kila alama ina thamani maalum kutoka 0, kuwa nyeusi, na 9, kuwa nyeupe.

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Unaweza kupata taarifa zaidi kuhusu maadili haya kutoka kwa kiungo zinazotolewa.

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Kuna pia mstari wa nne kwamba anakuja katika ama fedha za dhahabu, au tu tupu.

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Hii inatoa ngazi ya kuvumiliana resistor, yaani jinsi karibu zinafanana upinzani wake lilipimwa.

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Kwa sasa tunaweza kupuuza mstari wa nne na kuweka mtazamo wetu juu ya 3 ya kwanza.

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>> mstari wa kwanza, ambayo ni kinyume ya mstari uvumilivu, ni tarakimu ya kwanza.

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Thamani Hii inaweza kuwa 0-9.

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Vile vile, mstari wa pili ni tarakimu ya pili ambayo inaweza pia kuwa na thamani ya 0-9.

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Lakini tarakimu ya tatu ni ambapo inakuwa tofauti.

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tarakimu ya tatu ni ya idadi ya 0 kwamba ni aliongeza kwa mwisho ya tarakimu ya kwanza 2.

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jina rasmi ya mstari huu ni multiplor.

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Chukua kwa mfano huu resistor.

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Sisi sasa kuwa rangi ya machungwa, machungwa, kahawia resistor.

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Thamani Orange ni 3, na thamani ya kahawia ni 1.

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Kwa hiyo, tuna ohm 3, 3, au 0 330 resistor.

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Kumbuka mstari wa tatu, ambayo ni kahawia, anatuambia tu idadi ya 0 wa kuongezwa

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kwenye tarakimu ya kwanza na ya pili.

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>> Hatimaye sehemu yetu ya mwisho ni diode mwanga-kutotoa moshi au LED kwa muda mfupi.

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LED ni mwanga kidogo ili tupate kupata katika zaidi ya umeme wetu.

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Ili kwa LED kwa emit mwanga, sasa lazima apitie kuongoza katika mwelekeo maalum.

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Lakini sisi kurudi kwa hii muda mfupi.

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Kwa sasa, taarifa jinsi 1 risasi ni muda mrefu zaidi kuliko wengine.

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risasi tena inaitwa anode, na hii ni terminal chanya kwa LED.

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risasi mfupi, ambayo ni terminal hasi, anaitwa cathode.

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>> Sasa kwa kuwa sisi kuwa na uelewa wa jumla ya vipengele yetu,

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hebu kujenga mzunguko wetu wa kwanza.

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Wakati wewe kuanza kujenga mzunguko unapaswa daima unplug Arduino yako kutoka kompyuta.

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Hivyo kulingana na schematic wetu, tunajua kwamba resistor yanapaswa kuwa kati ya

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chanzo nguvu, yaani moja ya pini Arduino ya digital, na anode,

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risasi chanya ya LED.

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Wakati cathode, hasi risasi, wataunganishwa chini,

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hivyo kukamilisha mzunguko wetu.

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Tofauti na LED, mwelekeo na ambayo sisi mahali resistor haijalishi.

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Mahali Hebu moja ya resistors inaongoza katika tundu mstari 1A.

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Sasa hebu weka risasi nyingine ya resistor katika njia tofauti mzunguko.

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Vipi kuhusu 2A mstari?

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>> Mkuu. Halfway huko. Hebu hoja juu ya LED.

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Per schematic, anode wetu, risasi chanya, lazima kushikamana na resistor yetu.

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Hii ina maana kwamba sisi niweke anode LEDs katika tundu kwamba ni juu ya huo

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mzunguko njia kama 1 ya resistors inaongoza.

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Hebu kufanya mstari 2E.

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Per schematic wetu, tunajua kwamba cathode kwenda moja kwa moja ndani ya siri ardhini Arduinos.

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Hivyo tunaweza mahali cathode katika 3E mfululizo.

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>> Mkuu. sehemu ya mwisho ya schematic yetu ni tu kwa kutumia nyaya hizo jumper

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kuunganisha kwa Arduino yetu, hivyo kukamilisha mzunguko.

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Hebu kuanza kwa kufanya uhusiano kutoka cathode chini Arduinos.

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Ili kufanya hivyo, sisi tu kuziba cable jumper ndani yoyote ya soketi

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ambayo kushiriki sawa na E mstari wa cathode.

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Katika kesi hii tutaweza kuziba 1 mwisho wa cable jumper moja kwa moja kwenye 3A mfululizo.

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kuziba mengine kuingia 1 ya pini msingi au GRD digital ya Arduino.

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Kama kwa cable pili, kulingana na schematic zetu sisi kufanya uhusiano

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kutoka resistor wetu kwa nguvu chanzo yetu ambayo ni 1 ya pini digital kwenye Arduino.

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Sisi tayari kujua kuwa mwisho 1 ya resistor ni kushikamana na anode LEDs.

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Hivyo hii zinatuacha na chaguo pekee 1, mstari 1 soketi B kupitia E.

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Hebu kutoa wenyewe baadhi ya chumba kati ya vipengele yetu.

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Hebu kuziba 1 mwisho wa cable jumper katika mstari 1E.

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Hatimaye, kuziba mwingine mwisho wa hii cable jumper katika digital siri 13.

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Kumbuka hili siri. Itakuwa muhimu sana hivi karibuni.

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>> Naam mzunguko inaonekana pretty, lakini tunataka ni kufanya kitu fulani.

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Hebu ufa knuckles yetu na kupata chini ya biashara

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kuandika microcontroller yetu ya kwanza ya mpango.

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Kuziba kwanza mraba USB mwisho ndani ya Arduino.

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Ili kuanza kuandika mpango wetu wenyewe,

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sisi haja ya kupata Arduino jumuishi maendeleo ya mazingira,

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ambayo mimi rejea kama IDE.

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Ili kufanya hivyo, bonyeza kwenye menu appliance saa lefthand chini ya screen.

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Nenda kwa programu na kuchagua Arduino kutoka orodha hii.

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Ikiwa programu Arduino si sasa imewekwa kwa urahisi unaweza kufunga hiyo kwa

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kufungua terminal na kuandika amri zifuatazo:

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Sudo yum kufunga Arduino.

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Utahitaji restart appliance wakati tamati.

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Hivyo mara uzinduzi IDE, jambo la kwanza unapaswa kuangalia

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ni kama IDE Arduino ni kusajili au kuona Arduino yako kifaa.

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Unaweza kufanya hivyo kwa kifupi kwenda menu zana, hover juu bandari Serial,

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na kuwe na angalau 3 vifaa waliotajwa.

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Kama si checked tayari, kufanya hakikisha kuangalia / dev/ttyacm0

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kama hii ni wapi Arduino ni plugged katika.

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>> Wakati wewe kwanza kufungua IDE Arduino mradi mpya, iitwayo mchoro,

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kufungua moja kwa moja.

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Eneo hili zitatumika kuweka coding yetu.

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Chini ya screen kuna dirisha terminal kuwajibika kwa outputing habari

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kama vile namba majibu complilation au makosa syntax katika code yako.

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Juu ya screen tu chini ya menu ya SVG, kuna mfululizo wa icons

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kwamba sisi lazima khabari.

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Kuanzia mbali kushoto, kuna icon ambayo inafanana hundi.

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Button Hii inaitwa kuthibitisha, na wajibu wake kwa ajili ya kuandaa code yako

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wakati valideringen usahihi wa mpango syntax yako.

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kifungo baada ya kuthibitisha, ambayo inafanana na ile ya mshale sideways akizungumzia haki,

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ni amri upload.

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amri upload ni resonsible kwa kutuma mipango compiled 1 na 0 wa

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juu kwa microcontroller yako kwa kuwa na kuokolewa kwenye ubao.

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Kumbuka kwamba kifungo uthibitishaji Haitapakia code yako.

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ijayo 3 vifungo ni mpya, wazi, na kuokoa mtiririko huo.

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kifungo mwisho kwa mbali kulia wa orodha hii inaitwa kufuatilia Serial,

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na vitendo kama kushauriana ambapo programmers unaweza configure Arduino kusoma kama pembejeo

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au kuonyesha kama pato kutoka na kufuatilia Serial.

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Tutaweza kurudi kufuatilia Serial katika video nyingine.

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>> Kwa sasa hebu kuanza kuandika mpango wetu.

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Sasa kuanzia kuandika programu ya Arduino kidogo hutofautiana kutoka programu ya mara kwa mara C.

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Hii ni kwa sababu Arduino mahitaji, katika kima cha chini wazi, 2 utupu maalum funtions defined.

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Setup na kitanzi.

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Arduino hufanya rahisi sana kupata kuanza kwa kutumia templates code mfano

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ambayo kuja na IDE.

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Kupakia chini wetu tupu, tu kwenda na menu ya SVG, mifano, kuchagua idadi misingi 1,

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na bonyeza kima cha chini cha wazi.

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mpya mchoro dirisha inapaswa kuonekana.

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Loading code templated.

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Hebu ufupi kwenda juu ya kazi hizi 2.

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kazi kuanzisha ni sawa na kuu kama ni kazi ya kwanza ya kuendesha,

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na tu anaendesha mara moja.

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Setup ni kutumika kwa ajili ya zoezi ambayo pini itakuwa pembejeo au pato.

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Kwa mfano, hii itakuwa sehemu kubwa ya kuwaambia Arduino kwamba tunataka pato

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baadhi ya sasa ya umeme juu ya siri idadi 13.

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Kitanzi ni kazi kwamba anaendesha juu ya kuendelea microcontroller.

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Milele ajabu nini alarm clock yako haachi kamwe?

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Ni kwa sababu wengi wa microcontrollers mapenzi kitanzi kupitia programu yao.

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Katika mzunguko wetu wa sasa hii itakuwa sehemu kubwa ya kuwaambia Arduino kwamba tunataka kufanya

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blink wetu mwanga milele.

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Hivyo katika pseudocode itakuwa kitu kama mwanga juu ya kugeuka, kuchelewesha n sekunde, kugeuka mbali mwanga,

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kuchelewesha sekunde n.

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>> Naam badala ya kuandika nje kwamba code tuko tu kwenda kudanganya. Tu wakati huu.

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Hii ni kweli tayari template code kwa LED blinking kuokolewa katika mifano yetu.

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Kupakia ni kwenda na faili, mifano, kuchagua idadi misingi 1, na kuchagua blink.

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Nini kinatokea hapa ni kwamba mwezi mchoro dirisha inapaswa kuonekana kwa kificho baadhi tayari ndani.

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Ndani ya mwili setups kuna msaidizi Arduino kazi kuitwa pinMode.

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PinMode huandaa siri ya kutumika.

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Ni vigezo anapokea 2.

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Kwanza siri IO idadi, ambayo ni siri unataka kutumia,

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na pili, thamani kutangaza kama siri ni kutumika kwa ajili ya pembejeo kutoka mzunguko

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mara kwa mara thamani ya pembejeo katika miji mikuu yote, au pato kwa circut,

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ambayo ni ya mara kwa mara katika miji mikuu ya pato thamani wote.

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Ndani ya kitanzi kuna 2 ya ziada Arduino msaidizi, kazi

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digialWrite kukubali vigezo 2 na kuchelewesha kukubali 1 parameter.

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DigialWrite hutumiwa na kuingiliana na siri kwamba uliyoambatanisha kutumia pinMode.

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>> Hoja ya kwanza ni namba ya siri kwamba wewe ni Kushirikiana na.

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Hoja ya pili ni ya mara kwa mara kwamba ni aidha ya juu, kwa maana ya voltage kamili,

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au chini, maana hakuna voltage.

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pili msaidizi kazi ni kuchelewa

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ambayo itakuwa kuacha code kutoka mbio msingi kiasi cha muda katika milliseconds.

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Kumbuka 1 pili ni sawa na milliseconds 1000.

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Kulingana na walkthrough yetu tunaweza kukisia kwamba kama mzunguko yetu ilikuwa kuanzisha usahihi

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LED wetu wanapaswa kurejea kwenye na kukaa kwa lit pili 1 na kugeuka mbali na kukaa mbali kwa ajili ya 1 ya pili

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kabla ya kugeuka kuwa nyuma.

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Hii inapaswa kurudia milele kama ni sasa katika kazi ya kitanzi.

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Hebu kuchagua upload na kifungo bodi na kupata nje.

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>> Mkuu. Basi unaweza kuwa anashangaa nini ijayo.

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Naam sasa kwamba kuwa na uelewa wa kila kitu ambazo zinahitajika kujenga

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Mzunguko Arduino, tunaweza kuanza kutumia maarifa alipata kutoka mihadhara yetu katika CS50

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kuimarisha ujuzi wetu zaidi.

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Kwa mfano, vipi kama mimi sitaki kutumia kitanzi Arduino kazi?

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Nini kama mimi badala alitaka kuandika aina yangu mwenyewe ya matanzi na hali ya

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au hata kujenga wangu mwenyewe kazi nje ya kima cha chini cha wazi?

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Nini kama alitaka kucheza muziki au kujenga alarm burglar

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au hata kuwasiliana internet na Arduino wangu?

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majibu ya maswali hayo ni kuja. Hivyo fimbo karibu.

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>> Mimi nina Christoper Bartholomayo. Hii ni CS50.