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>> ZAMYLA CHAN: kuruka Hebu katika Mario.

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Mario ni mpango ambapo tutaweza kufanya wetu
mwenyewe, pamoja na mali, toleo la

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classic Super Mario Brothers
mchezo background.

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Kwa ajili ya kuweka na tatizo hili, tunakwenda
recreate nusu-piramidi kwa

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Mario kuruka juu.

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Mpango wetu itakuwa maingiliano, hivyo
kuuliza mtumiaji pembejeo fulani

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urefu kwa piramidi.

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Na mpango wa magazeti nje
nusu ya piramidi ya urefu kwamba, ambapo

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chini hash kushoto aligns na chini
kushoto kona ya wastaafu

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pato dirisha.

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>> Hebu kuvunja tatizo hili katika sehemu mbili,
moja, kupata user pembejeo, na wawili,

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magazeti nje ya piramidi.

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Kumbuka kwamba ingawa kazi GetInt
mapenzi retrieve integer, wewe

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kuhakikisha kwamba pembejeo hii inafanya
maana kwa ajili ya mpango wako, hivyo katika

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Mario, itakuwa si kufanya tu
bidhaa kwa ajili ya integer.

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Utasikia haja ya kuhakikisha kwamba mtumiaji
pembejeo integer kwamba ndani ya

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chini na juu ya mipaka ya
piramidi kwamba unaweza magazeti.

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Kwa spec hii, hii ni
0 na 23 ya umoja.

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Kama mtumiaji pembejeo integer nje
ya mipaka yetu kukubalika, basi tunataka

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kuwashawishi tena na tena mpaka
wao kutupatia integer halali.

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>> Moja ya njia ya kuhakikisha sahihi mtumiaji pembejeo ni
kwa kutumia kitanzi Do-Wakati, ambayo ni

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sawa na kitanzi Wakati.

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Do-Wakati kitanzi executes kanuni
ndani ya mwili mara moja, na kisha hundi

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kama hali ni alikutana au la.

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Hii ni muhimu kwa ajili ya kupata user pembejeo
kwa sababu unajua kwamba unahitaji

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kuwashawishi angalau mara moja.

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Kama hali ni kukutana, mpango
nitafanya line baada ya

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yako Do-Wakati kitanzi.

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Kama hali ni alikutana, ingawa,
kitanzi kurudia.

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>> Kitanzi Do-Wakati kwa ajili ya kuthibitisha mtumiaji
pembejeo itakuwa kuangalia kitu kama hiki.

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Mimi kutangaza n kutofautiana, GetInt,
na kurudia mpaka n ni halali.

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Kumbuka kwamba wakati kutangaza yako
kutofautiana, inahitaji sahihi

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wigo, kama vile katika Scratch.

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Kama mimi kutangaza n ndani ya kitanzi yangu Do-Wakati,
wengine wa mpango si kuwa

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uwezo wa kupata huduma hiyo.

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Ni mdogo na mipaka
ya braces curly.

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>> Haki ya wote, hivyo sasa kwamba tumekuwa Ilisahihishwa
pembejeo mtumiaji, sisi kweli wanahitaji

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kuteka hii nusu-piramidi.

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Ni alifanya juu ya wahusika wa kuchapishwa, hivyo
hebu kufanya nusu ya piramidi katika rahisi

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Nakala mhariri.

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Kama tunataka kufanya style Mario piramidi
ya urefu wa tatu hiyo iliyokaa

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upande wa kushoto wa dirisha yetu, basi
tunatarajia aina hashes mbili, bonyeza Enter,

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basi aina ya hashes tatu, bonyeza
Kuingia, na basi aina ya nne.

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>> Lakini katika hili kuweka tatizo, yetu
nusu-piramidi ina kuwa haki iliyokaa.

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Kutumia kiwango keyboard, jinsi gani
wewe kurekebisha faili hii kwa hoja hashes

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juu kwa upande wa kulia?

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Mimi ili kutumia inasisitiza, mbili juu ya
juu ya mstari na moja ya pili.

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Kwamba hana kuangalia kama nzuri, ingawa, hivyo
hebu kuchukua nafasi inasisitiza na

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mazingira, na kuna tuna nusu ya piramidi
ya urefu wa tatu.

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>> Jaribu na kumbuka hii Nakala mhariri
mfano kama wewe kuanza kufikiri nyuma

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C. Hebu jaribu na kufikiri baadhi ya
aina ya muundo kwamba tunaweza

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kuweka katika kujenga kitanzi.

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Kuchukua urefu mfano, kusema nane,
na kuona kama unaweza kuanza

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kuja na muundo.

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safu ya kwanza itakuwa na nafasi ya saba
ikifuatiwa na hashes mbili.

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safu ya pili itakuwa na nafasi sita na
tatu hashes, na kadhalika mpaka

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nane mfululizo.

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>> Lakini jinsi gani ungependa kuwakilisha
mstari nth?

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Kumbuka kwamba mkataba programu
ni sifuri indexed.

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Hiyo ina maana kwamba wewe kuanza kuhesabu saa
sifuri, hivyo safu ya kwanza ni ya kitaalam

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mstari idadi sifuri walioshika mbili, mstari
namba moja ina hashes tatu, mstari

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namba mbili ina hashes nne, hivyo kufuatia
huu kwa ajili ya safu yoyote

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idadi n, kuna n plus 2 hashes.

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Mimi itabidi kuondoka wewe, ingawa, na kupata
nje mfano kwa nafasi.

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Kumbuka kwamba muundo yako itakuwa
tofauti kidogo kama wewe kuchagua

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kuanza kuhesabu yako kutoka
moja na sio sifuri.

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>> Sasa, una mfano kwa
yoyote abstract mstari n.

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Unajua jinsi maeneo mengi na magazeti na
wangapi hashes, hivyo kwa kila mstari, ili

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idadi itabadilika.

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Lakini mchakato huo wa kuchapa
moja tabia, ama nafasi au

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hash, ni mara kwa mara.

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Hivyo wote kufanya ni kurudia
magazeti kwamba tabia kwa mara kama wengi

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kama muundo yako huamua.

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>> Hivyo ni jinsi gani sisi kurudia michakato?

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Katika Scratch, sisi kutumika kuzuia kurudia.

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Katika C, tutaweza kutumia Kwa kitanzi.

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Hebu tuangalie syntax
Kwa ajili ya matanzi.

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>> Kila Kwa kitanzi linajumuisha tatu
sehemu, initialization, hali,

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na update.

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Kwa kitanzi yako itakuwa initialize
kutofautiana wakati wa kwanza

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inaingia Kwa kitanzi.

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Kama hali ni alikutana, mwili
ya kitanzi nitafanya.

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Baada ya hapo, update nitafanya.

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>> Kama hali bado ni alikutana,
kitanzi nitafanya na na update

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kurudia kwa muda mrefu kama hali yako
kutathmini kwa kweli.

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Wewe ni sharti lazima hatimaye tathmini ya
kwa uongo, ingawa, kwa sababu

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tofauti Scratch, hatufanyi
kuwa na mizunguko yoyote milele.

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Mpango wako lazima mwisho hatimaye.

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>> Hapa ni mfano wa Kwa kitanzi kwamba
unaweza kutaka kutumia kwa ajili ya Mario.

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initialization anatangaza
i integer na thamani ya 0.

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Muda mrefu kama i ni chini ya urefu,
mwili wa kitanzi nitafanya na

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kuongeza i kwa moja na kurudia
mpaka i ni zaidi au

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sawa na urefu.

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>> Sasa, yangu Kwa kitanzi ni sifuri index.

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Int i kuanza saa sifuri, hata mmoja.

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Kama mimi alichagua moja, basi hali yangu ingekuwa
pia kuwa tofauti kwa

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kitanzi kutekeleza
huo idadi ya nyakati.

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Kumbuka hii kwa makini wakati uko
kuchagua initialization yako na yako

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hali, na kushauriana hii
chati ya mara mbili ya hundi.

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>> Moja ya mambo makubwa kuhusu kompyuta
sayansi ni kwamba kuna tu wengi

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njia ya kutekeleza mambo.

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Unaweza kuchagua kama wewe
kuanza saa zero au moja.

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Kama hutaki kutumia Kwa kitanzi,
unaweza pia kutumia kitanzi Wakati kwa

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kurudia kauli muda mrefu kama wewe
kuweka kiini cha Kwa kitanzi,

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initialization, hali, na update.

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Mara sisi kufikiri kitanzi Kwa kuwa
sisi ni vizuri zaidi na, basi sisi

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wanaweza kukamilisha Mario.

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>> Sisi kwanza checked kwa pembejeo user
na kisha kutambuliwa

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mfano kwa n yoyote mfululizo.

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Hivyo kwa kila mstari kutoka sifuri kwa n minus 1
magazeti idadi sahihi ya

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nafasi, basi idadi sahihi ya
hashes kulingana na muundo wetu, na

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kisha mstari mpya.

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Pamoja na kwamba, una piramidi yako.

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Jina langu ni Zamyla, na hii ilikuwa Mario.

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