1
00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:00,960

2
00:00:00,960 --> 00:00:03,360
>> [Daqq ta mużika]

3
00:00:03,360 --> 00:00:11,050

4
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>> Davin: Kull dritt, guys.

5
00:00:12,065 --> 00:00:13,642

6
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Allura dan huwa r-reviżjoni
għall-ewwel kwizz.

7
00:00:15,350 --> 00:00:17,751
Huwa kulħadd lest għall
l-kwizz nhar l-Erbgħa?

8
00:00:17,751 --> 00:00:18,292
ALLISON: Woo!

9
00:00:18,292 --> 00:00:18,743
STUDENT: Woo!

10
00:00:18,743 --> 00:00:19,242
Davin: Yeah.

11
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ALLISON: Yeah!

12
00:00:19,920 --> 00:00:20,920
Davin: Li Guy lest.

13
00:00:20,920 --> 00:00:22,200
Li Guy, żewġ idejn, sbieħ.

14
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15
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Allura reviżjoni kwizz llum, li għaddej
li jkun ta 'madwar siegħa u nofs.

16
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Aħna qed tmur biex jmorru fuq l-maġġuri
kunċetti inti għandek tkun taf għall-kwizz.

17
00:00:27,940 --> 00:00:31,434
Aħna qed tmur biex jmorru fuq xi wħud kodifikazzjoni mill
eżempji idejn, li huma fuq kull kwizz.

18
00:00:31,434 --> 00:00:34,350
U jekk ikollok aktar mistoqsijiet, tħossok liberu
biex jgħollu naħa tiegħek u kollox

19
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bħal dik.

20
00:00:34,945 --> 00:00:36,695
Ukoll, il-loġistika dwar
l-kwizz online.

21
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Allura aħna qed tmur biex jaqsam nies
up fi kmamar differenti.

22
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Huwa bbażat fuq l-isem tagħhom.

23
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Mela jekk għandek xi mistoqsijiet dwar fejn
imorru jew dwar dak il-materjal huwa, simili,

24
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l-kelma uffiċjali dwar x'inhu għaddej
li tkun fuq l-kwizz, iċċekkja online.

25
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U li kollox aġġornata.

26
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Mela jekk ma jkunx hemm mistoqsijiet lill
jibdew, aħna qed tmur biex tibda.

27
00:00:51,280 --> 00:00:52,790

28
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U hawnhekk Allison.

29
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30
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>> [Claps]

31
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>> ALLISON: OK, grazzi, Rob.

32
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Japprezzaw dan.

33
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34
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Davin imissha flipped għal dan.

35
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Din hija l-lista mhux eżawrjenti ta '
suġġetti, bħal dejjem, kif Davin qal biss.

36
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Ikkonsulta dokumentazzjoni
online dwar kwizz żero.

37
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Iżda dan huwa pretty much--
huwa fuq il-sillabu

38
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huwa kollox konna marret fuq s'issa.

39
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Kollox hawnhekk huwa logħba ġust,
kif ukoll kull ħaġ'oħra

40
00:01:18,290 --> 00:01:21,380
li jistgħu jkunu ġew imsemmija fil lecture.

41
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>> Taqsima tiegħi, hawnhekk, huwa
biss ta 'lott ta' reviżjoni.

42
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Hemm eżerċizzji koppja
Li inti guys jista 'jaħdem fuq.

43
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Iżda għall-parti l-kbira, aħna verament
jixtiequ li jsiru Davin ma 'dawk kodiċi

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billi eżerċizzji idejn.

45
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>> So I am ser jtiru permezz ta 'dan.

46
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Jekk għandek xi mistoqsijiet, stop me.

47
00:01:36,330 --> 00:01:37,270
Jgħollu naħa tiegħek.

48
00:01:37,270 --> 00:01:39,250
I wegħda I ser probabbilment tara int.

49
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Jekk le, biss mewġa madwar.

50
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Jien ser tkun jitkellem malajr.

51
00:01:42,250 --> 00:01:43,950
Nispera li kulħadd OK ma 'dak.

52
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>> OK, kelma speċjali, Davin ovvjament
nesa li flip permezz ta 'dawn pjastri.

53
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[Laughs] Inti fl-inkwiet, il-bniedem.

54
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Allura tips għall kwizz żero,
prattika kodifikazzjoni fuq il-karta.

55
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Inti guys se tikseb xi
prattika ma 'dak issa ma Davin,

56
00:01:58,950 --> 00:02:00,655
sabiex inti mhux se tkun kompletament mill yourself.

57
00:02:00,655 --> 00:02:03,030
I think we qed attwalment għaddejjin
permezz ta 'dawn iż-żewġ funzjonijiet.

58
00:02:03,030 --> 00:02:04,500
Allura inti ser tkun ippreparata tajjeb hemmhekk.

59
00:02:04,500 --> 00:02:05,958
>> Ikun familjari ma 'settijiet problematiċi tiegħek.

60
00:02:05,958 --> 00:02:08,150
Kien hemm mistoqsijiet
fuq kwizzijiet preċedenti

61
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li se jgħidlek, per eżempju, għall-kodiċi
up xi ħaġa simili ħafna għal Mario.

62
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Allura qed familjari ħafna ma '
problema tiegħek settijiet, kif ukoll

63
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kif l-mistoqsijiet aħna nitolbuk
fil-bidu fuq il-formola

64
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li inti timla out, se
inti sservi tajjeb ħafna.

65
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66
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>> Do kwizz preċedenti taħt
restrizzjonijiet ta 'żmien.

67
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Dawn kwizzijiet huma twal.

68
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Il-ħin tmur verament mgħaġġel.

69
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U spiss, inti ma jirrealizzaw kemm
fast din tmur sakemm inti fil-fatt

70
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tpoġġi lilek innifsek taħt dawk limitazzjonijiet.

71
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Hekk jekk inti tista 'sempliċement ifittxu, tafu,
75 minuta, jew tonight jew għada

72
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li tieħu waħda minn dawn kwizzijiet taħt
li, inti ser tkun fil-forma ferm aħjar.

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>> U wkoll, il-ħolqien tal-karta referenza tiegħek.

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Ftakar, ikollok wieħed
Front Page u lura

75
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bħala referenza għall-kwizz tiegħek nhar l-Erbgħa.

76
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Ħolqien dan huwa mod tajjeb ħafna biex tistudja.

77
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Kwalunkwe ħaġa li int trouble wara
ma inti tixtieq li jinkludi fuq hemmhekk.

78
00:02:51,990 --> 00:02:55,627
Kwalunkwe ħaġa li TFS tiegħek ġew,
bħal, dan huwa verament importanti.

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Għandek tkun taf dan, huma
forsi l-affarijiet li għandek fuq hemmhekk

80
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jekk inti ma jkollhom magħhom memorizzati.

81
00:02:59,931 --> 00:03:02,680
Anki jekk inti do jafu lilhom verament
ukoll, xi kultant wara dan fuq hemmhekk

82
00:03:02,680 --> 00:03:07,030
huwa biss tip ta 'kumdità għalik,
li naf kwizzijiet huma stressanti.

83
00:03:07,030 --> 00:03:09,260
Sabiex kwalunkwe kumdità ikollok tista 'tgħin.

84
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Kull dritt, ukoll, nikseb irqad u
jieklu u simili l-affarijiet normali

85
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li aħna jgħidlek għal kwiżż.

86
00:03:14,280 --> 00:03:16,320

87
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>> Allura jibda off faċli,
tipi ta 'data u daqsijiet.

88
00:03:18,890 --> 00:03:22,720
As I said, dan huwa biss se
li għandha tiġi me jitfg lott ta 'għalf

89
00:03:22,720 --> 00:03:24,320
up here li inti għandek tkun taf.

90
00:03:24,320 --> 00:03:27,600
Allura aħna għandna Chars tagħna
li huma wieħed bytes, ints

91
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li huma erba 'bytes, twil
twil, li huma tmien bytes.

92
00:03:30,390 --> 00:03:33,280
Bażikament, huwa biss int
tixtieq li żżomm interi akbar.

93
00:03:33,280 --> 00:03:35,490
Sufruni, li huma erbgħa,
jirdoppja, li huma tmienja.

94
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Għal darb'oħra, biss jagħtik aktar
ispazju għall-floats tiegħek.

95
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U mbagħad it-tip star, sabiex kwalunkwe
pointer fuq magna 32-bit,

96
00:03:41,290 --> 00:03:44,650
li hija kollha inti guys bżonn
tkun taf, huwa erba bytes.

97
00:03:44,650 --> 00:03:46,542
>> Sabiex l-affarijiet kollha li għandek suppost
taf, forsi l-affarijiet

98
00:03:46,542 --> 00:03:48,250
inti tixtieq li jkollok fuq
folja referenza tiegħek.

99
00:03:48,250 --> 00:03:50,350

100
00:03:50,350 --> 00:03:53,520
OK, konverżjoni binarju
biex binarju, konverżjoni

101
00:03:53,520 --> 00:03:56,860
biex hexadeċimali, quddiem u lura,
kollha affarijiet li għandek tkun taf.

102
00:03:56,860 --> 00:03:59,480
Hekk mill binarja għal Deċimali.

103
00:03:59,480 --> 00:04:03,309
Inti guys tixtieq li tieħu quick minuta
u jippruvaw u figura kull wieħed minn dawn

104
00:04:03,309 --> 00:04:04,600
u mbagħad tell me dak li huma?

105
00:04:04,600 --> 00:04:06,500

106
00:04:06,500 --> 00:04:10,240
>> Għandi wkoll kandju fil-borża tiegħi, sabiex ħadd
li tweġibiet gets kandju, mill-mod.

107
00:04:10,240 --> 00:04:13,560

108
00:04:13,560 --> 00:04:14,480
U għandi lottijiet ta 'dan.

109
00:04:14,480 --> 00:04:15,760

110
00:04:15,760 --> 00:04:16,870
Let me grab din.

111
00:04:16,870 --> 00:04:18,480
Jien ser jagħti dan Gabe.

112
00:04:18,480 --> 00:04:21,829
Allura inti tista 'idejn kandju biex
min sbieħ u kooperattiva.

113
00:04:21,829 --> 00:04:23,490
>> OK, I raw idejn hemmhekk fid-dahar.

114
00:04:23,490 --> 00:04:26,418

115
00:04:26,418 --> 00:04:28,370
>> STUDENT: Yeah, l-ewwel waħda hija 42.

116
00:04:28,370 --> 00:04:30,280
>> ALLISON: Iva, l-ewwel waħda hija 42, korretta.

117
00:04:30,280 --> 00:04:31,163

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00:04:31,163 --> 00:04:32,038
STUDENT: [inaudible].

119
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[Rires]

120
00:04:34,810 --> 00:04:37,030
ALLISON: It-tieni wieħed,
hemm lura fl-isfar?

121
00:04:37,030 --> 00:04:38,910
STUDENT: 110010.

122
00:04:38,910 --> 00:04:43,410
ALLISON: Korretta, u dan
aħħar wieħed, stabbiliti hawn fuq qiegħ?

123
00:04:43,410 --> 00:04:44,570
Ukoll, yeah, inti taf tixtieq?

124
00:04:44,570 --> 00:04:45,550
Just toss out kandju.

125
00:04:45,550 --> 00:04:46,483
Kif dwar kandju għal kulħadd?

126
00:04:46,483 --> 00:04:47,510
>> STUDENT: [inaudible] meta aħna qed isir.

127
00:04:47,510 --> 00:04:48,051
>> ALLISON: SHH.

128
00:04:48,051 --> 00:04:49,380

129
00:04:49,380 --> 00:04:50,910
U allura l-aħħar wieħed.

130
00:04:50,910 --> 00:04:52,000
Min jixtieq li twieġeb?

131
00:04:52,000 --> 00:04:52,744
Hemm dritt.

132
00:04:52,744 --> 00:04:54,480
>> STUDENT: 11100.

133
00:04:54,480 --> 00:04:56,820
>> ALLISON: 11100, tħares lejn dak.

134
00:04:56,820 --> 00:04:58,790
Prosit, xogħol kbira, kulħadd.

135
00:04:58,790 --> 00:05:03,370
OK, kulħadd tip ta 'jifhem
il-proċess biex isir dan?

136
00:05:03,370 --> 00:05:08,700
Inti għandek, li jmorru minn binarja li Deċimali
il-mod I-tendenza li tagħmel dan, hija l-kitba out

137
00:05:08,700 --> 00:05:09,920
is-setgħat tat-2.

138
00:05:09,920 --> 00:05:18,350
So I say, OK, 0 ħinijiet 2-0, hekk
li għamilhom 0, 1 darbiet 2 għall-ewwel,

139
00:05:18,350 --> 00:05:21,400
hija ta '2 għaddej quddiem li mod.

140
00:05:21,400 --> 00:05:25,790
Ħadd ma trid lili biex espliċitu
jmorru permezz ta 'eżempju ta' binarja?

141
00:05:25,790 --> 00:05:26,840

142
00:05:26,840 --> 00:05:28,140
OK, berred.

143
00:05:28,140 --> 00:05:30,390
>> Deċimali binarja li huwa simili ħafna.

144
00:05:30,390 --> 00:05:31,550

145
00:05:31,550 --> 00:05:33,630
I-tendenza li jiktbu l-poteri ta '2.

146
00:05:33,630 --> 00:05:38,660
Tibda bil-waħda li hija l-akbar,
iżda ma tmurx passat il-deċimali

147
00:05:38,660 --> 00:05:39,710
li inti qed tfittex.

148
00:05:39,710 --> 00:05:42,870
U mbagħad it-tip ta xogħol tiegħek mod
lura żżid up affarijiet kif meħtieġ.

149
00:05:42,870 --> 00:05:45,200
>> U mbagħad mal B'żieda, huwa
bħad żieda normali.

150
00:05:45,200 --> 00:05:51,110
Jekk qatt ikollok l-każ fejn int
żżid żewġ 1s, ovvjament isir 2.

151
00:05:51,110 --> 00:05:56,875
2 binarja issa huwa 1 0 hekk ikollok bżonn
biex iwettqu tiegħek 1 fil-kolonna li jmiss.

152
00:05:56,875 --> 00:05:57,375
Kessaħ.

153
00:05:57,375 --> 00:05:59,220

154
00:05:59,220 --> 00:06:03,240
>> Hexadeċimali, dan jista 'jkun xi ħaġa
li hija ftit inqas familjari.

155
00:06:03,240 --> 00:06:06,600
Allura kif Rob kien biss javżak me
qabel, trick tiegħu għal din

156
00:06:06,600 --> 00:06:10,210
huwa biss qasmitha up
f'erba biċċiet byte, OK?

157
00:06:10,210 --> 00:06:11,050
Bits, sorry.

158
00:06:11,050 --> 00:06:11,720
Tara?

159
00:06:11,720 --> 00:06:12,220
Grazzi Rob.

160
00:06:12,220 --> 00:06:15,874
Dan huwa għaliex int hawn. [ISTORBJU]
OK, hekk aħna biss farrku

161
00:06:15,874 --> 00:06:16,790
f'erba biċċiet bits.

162
00:06:16,790 --> 00:06:21,570
Allura ma binaries għall hexadeċimali,
nħarsu lejn l-ewwel 4,

163
00:06:21,570 --> 00:06:25,573
li hija jekk għandna erba 1s fi
ringiela, dak in-numru ma li jissimbolizzaw?

164
00:06:25,573 --> 00:06:26,540
>> STUDENT: F.

165
00:06:26,540 --> 00:06:32,751
>> ALLISON: Allura f'dan il-każ,
dak li huwa 11111111 or-- iva?

166
00:06:32,751 --> 00:06:33,250
STUDENT: FF.

167
00:06:33,250 --> 00:06:34,600
ALLISON: Perfect, FF.

168
00:06:34,600 --> 00:06:36,900
Hekk kbir, kandju għalik.

169
00:06:36,900 --> 00:06:41,100
Issa, għal kemm hexadecimal biex Binarju, aħna
Aħsbu ftit dwar dan it-tip ta 'fir-reverse.

170
00:06:41,100 --> 00:06:46,420
Għal kull numru jew ittra li
għandna f'hexadecimal tagħna,

171
00:06:46,420 --> 00:06:53,930
biss jaqilbu għal erba daqsxejn tagħha
[Laughs] għall-konverżjoni erba daqsxejn tagħha.

172
00:06:53,930 --> 00:06:58,696
Allura 5, f'dan il-każ, dak li huwa 5 jekk
aħna qed jirrappreżentawh ma 'erba' bits?

173
00:06:58,696 --> 00:06:59,608
>> STUDENT: 010?

174
00:06:59,608 --> 00:07:00,520
Mm-hm.

175
00:07:00,520 --> 00:07:03,605
U mbagħad A, li hija
attwalment 10, ikun?

176
00:07:03,605 --> 00:07:06,230

177
00:07:06,230 --> 00:07:08,040
1010.

178
00:07:08,040 --> 00:07:09,670
Allura aħna għandna li, hawnhekk.

179
00:07:09,670 --> 00:07:13,990
Allura konverżjoni bejn hexadecimal
u binarja attwalment mhix dik ħażina.

180
00:07:13,990 --> 00:07:16,565
Jekk inti tħares lejn din f'erba daqsxejn
biċċiet, se tkun deheb.

181
00:07:16,565 --> 00:07:18,330

182
00:07:18,330 --> 00:07:19,300
Everyone-- iva?

183
00:07:19,300 --> 00:07:21,903
>> ROB: Dan huwa iblah,
imma jien dejjem niftakru

184
00:07:21,903 --> 00:07:23,500
A, peress suppost A li jkun 10.

185
00:07:23,500 --> 00:07:26,230
U binarja biss 10 10, so--

186
00:07:26,230 --> 00:07:27,310
>> ALLISON: Ah, hemm immorru.

187
00:07:27,310 --> 00:07:28,615
>> ROB: Hey.

188
00:07:28,615 --> 00:07:30,020
>> ALLISON: Hey, kandju għall Rob.

189
00:07:30,020 --> 00:07:31,707

190
00:07:31,707 --> 00:07:33,290
Hemm Jittieħed mhux ċikkulata fil hemmhekk.

191
00:07:33,290 --> 00:07:34,180
Allura inti jista 'jkollhom xi.

192
00:07:34,180 --> 00:07:35,790

193
00:07:35,790 --> 00:07:36,760
Matematika hekk ASCII.

194
00:07:36,760 --> 00:07:38,206

195
00:07:38,206 --> 00:07:38,705
Jaġixxu.

196
00:07:38,705 --> 00:07:40,630

197
00:07:40,630 --> 00:07:44,720
Allura Matematika ASCII, kif inti guys
probabbilment ukoll jiftakru

198
00:07:44,720 --> 00:07:48,480
p sett 2 ma Visioneer u
Caesar, inti għamilt ħafna ta 'dan.

199
00:07:48,480 --> 00:07:49,610

200
00:07:49,610 --> 00:07:51,980
Ftakar, il-karattri huma
fundamentalment biss numri.

201
00:07:51,980 --> 00:07:54,780
Allura nistgħu nagħmlu matematika magħhom,
bħad nagħmlu matematika ma ints.

202
00:07:54,780 --> 00:07:58,090
>> Allura aħna għandna biss ftit
ħaġa sempliċi hawn.

203
00:07:58,090 --> 00:08:00,940
Għandna xi wħud fil A thats
initialized sa 65.

204
00:08:00,940 --> 00:08:07,440
U B ugwali għall-valur ASCII ta 'A
flimkien ma '1, char C ugwali għal D minus 1,

205
00:08:07,440 --> 00:08:09,060
u char D ugwali għal 68.

206
00:08:09,060 --> 00:08:13,130
Hekk allura aħna ser print
kollha kemm huma, kif naraw hawn.

207
00:08:13,130 --> 00:08:15,650
U jista 'xi ħadd tell me
dak li dan se jistampa?

208
00:08:15,650 --> 00:08:17,335

209
00:08:17,335 --> 00:08:18,210
STUDENT: [inaudible].

210
00:08:18,210 --> 00:08:20,540
ALLISON: Eżattament, hekk
ħaġa waħda li l-avviż huwa

211
00:08:20,540 --> 00:08:22,900
li aħna istampar out
karattri kull darba, hawn.

212
00:08:22,900 --> 00:08:28,290
Aħna tinnomina anki jekk A u B
huma ints meta aħna dikjarati minnhom hawn fuq.

213
00:08:28,290 --> 00:08:32,870
Aħna tistamphom bħala karattri minn
il-mija C u d-dikjarazzjoni printf tagħna,

214
00:08:32,870 --> 00:08:34,610
hekk dawn se jkunu kollha print bħala karattri.

215
00:08:34,610 --> 00:08:40,730
U naturalment, il-valur ASCII 65 rieda
jistampaw bħala A. Il-valur ASCII ta 'A plus 1

216
00:08:40,730 --> 00:08:43,669
Ikun 66, li kieku
kburi li B. Allura fil-fatt, aħna

217
00:08:43,669 --> 00:08:49,107
nikseb A B C D Kulħadd tajba hemmhekk?

218
00:08:49,107 --> 00:08:49,690
Kwalunkwe mistoqsijiet?

219
00:08:49,690 --> 00:08:50,721

220
00:08:50,721 --> 00:08:51,220
Biża.

221
00:08:51,220 --> 00:08:52,500

222
00:08:52,500 --> 00:08:53,455
>> OK, ambitu.

223
00:08:53,455 --> 00:08:55,090

224
00:08:55,090 --> 00:08:59,950
Allura ambitu huwa ovvjament ħafna
Ħaġa importanti li wieħed jifhem, hawnhekk.

225
00:08:59,950 --> 00:09:03,250
A lott ta 'inti, jekk inti
jkollhom żbalji kompilazzjoni,

226
00:09:03,250 --> 00:09:06,085
u jgħid inti ma għandekx
aċċess għal xi wħud varjabbli,

227
00:09:06,085 --> 00:09:08,540
huwa probabbilment minħabba li inti
ddefinietu fi loop

228
00:09:08,540 --> 00:09:12,210
u mbagħad ippruvaw li jkollhom aċċess għaliha
minnha, jew viża versa.

229
00:09:12,210 --> 00:09:16,410
>> Allura ambitu fil-qalba tagħha,
hija biss jiddetermina fejn

230
00:09:16,410 --> 00:09:20,800
aħna ngħidu varjabbli teżisti, fejn aħna
tista 'bidla, fejn nistgħu jkollhom aċċess għaliha.

231
00:09:20,800 --> 00:09:24,550
Huwa biss tip ta 'tgħid dawn huma
l-uniċi postijiet fejn ikollok aċċess

232
00:09:24,550 --> 00:09:26,060
għal dan il-varjabbli.

233
00:09:26,060 --> 00:09:30,080
>> Allura l-żewġ ambiti li nitkellmu dwar
matul il-klassi huma globali u lokali.

234
00:09:30,080 --> 00:09:35,080
Varjabbli hekk globali nitkellmu dwar
meta inti qed jiddefinixxu lilhom hawn prinċipali.

235
00:09:35,080 --> 00:09:38,390
Dan ifisser li kollu tiegħek
programm għandu aċċess għalih,

236
00:09:38,390 --> 00:09:42,090
u dan jeżisti sakemm
bħala l-runs tal-programm, OK?

237
00:09:42,090 --> 00:09:45,100
Lokali ifisser li huwa
aktar limitata għal reġjun.

238
00:09:45,100 --> 00:09:50,520
Allura meta għandek funzjonijiet speċifiċi
bħal tpartit, aħna dejjem jitkellmu dwar.

239
00:09:50,520 --> 00:09:54,380
Aħna dejjem jitkellmu dwar swap mal A u
B. A u B jeżistu fi ħdan dik il-funzjoni.

240
00:09:54,380 --> 00:09:55,690
Dawn ma jeżistux imkien ieħor.

241
00:09:55,690 --> 00:09:56,860

242
00:09:56,860 --> 00:10:00,610
>> Kif ukoll, meta jkollok jekk
dikjarazzjonijiet jew għall-linji.

243
00:10:00,610 --> 00:10:04,670
Kull meta għandna, per eżempju, fil-
a għal loop għandna int I ikun egwali għal 0.

244
00:10:04,670 --> 00:10:06,630
Għandna xi kondizzjoni u aħna taġġornah.

245
00:10:06,630 --> 00:10:10,270
I jeżisti biss fi ħdan il-
ċingi ta 'dik għall-loop.

246
00:10:10,270 --> 00:10:13,270
Jekk inti tipprova l-aċċess xi mkien ieħor,
kompilatur tiegħek se Yell fi inti.

247
00:10:13,270 --> 00:10:14,560
Hija d jkun simili, liema huma inti tipprova tagħmel?

248
00:10:14,560 --> 00:10:15,400
Dan ma teżistix.

249
00:10:15,400 --> 00:10:16,644

250
00:10:16,644 --> 00:10:18,435
Allura dak l-tnejn
tipi differenti ta 'ambitu.

251
00:10:18,435 --> 00:10:19,486

252
00:10:19,486 --> 00:10:20,860
Ma li jagħmel sens għal kulħadd?

253
00:10:20,860 --> 00:10:23,870

254
00:10:23,870 --> 00:10:27,890
>> Hekk per eżempju hawn, dan
huwa biss xi program sempliċi.

255
00:10:27,890 --> 00:10:29,120

256
00:10:29,120 --> 00:10:32,890
What do you guys think huwa
jiġri f'kull punt

257
00:10:32,890 --> 00:10:34,210
li nippruvaw li jistampaw?

258
00:10:34,210 --> 00:10:40,150
Allura dan wieħed hawn,
x'inhu jiġri?

259
00:10:40,150 --> 00:10:43,047

260
00:10:43,047 --> 00:10:44,255
STUDENT: Hija se print tlieta.

261
00:10:44,255 --> 00:10:44,880
ALLISON: Dritt.

262
00:10:44,880 --> 00:10:45,930
Hija ser print tlieta.

263
00:10:45,930 --> 00:10:47,272
What dwar hawn?

264
00:10:47,272 --> 00:10:48,230
STUDENT: Dan mhux se taħdem.

265
00:10:48,230 --> 00:10:48,910
ALLISON: Dan mhux se taħdem.

266
00:10:48,910 --> 00:10:50,290
Int minn ambitu, id-dritt?

267
00:10:50,290 --> 00:10:55,160
Varjabbli lokali ma teżistix
barra ta 'dawn ċingi, id-dritt?

268
00:10:55,160 --> 00:10:56,462
U allura dak dwar hawn?

269
00:10:56,462 --> 00:10:57,850
>> STUDENT: [inaudible].

270
00:10:57,850 --> 00:10:59,210
>> ALLISON: What?

271
00:10:59,210 --> 00:10:59,900
Rob, go.

272
00:10:59,900 --> 00:11:00,854
>> ROB: I biss qal.

273
00:11:00,854 --> 00:11:04,200
Varjabbli globali għandu jkun
varjabbli enfasizzati globali.

274
00:11:04,200 --> 00:11:05,660
>> ALLISON: Ah, iva, sorry.

275
00:11:05,660 --> 00:11:06,200
Grazzi, Rob.

276
00:11:06,200 --> 00:11:07,480

277
00:11:07,480 --> 00:11:10,170
Rob bħal kompilatur residenti tagħna.

278
00:11:10,170 --> 00:11:12,684
Huwa ser biss Yell fil us meta aħna
bżonnha. [Laughs] Iva, li

279
00:11:12,684 --> 00:11:14,225
għandu jkun varjabbli globali enfasizzati.

280
00:11:14,225 --> 00:11:15,760

281
00:11:15,760 --> 00:11:18,430
B'tali mod wieħed jassumi li din
kien enfasizzati globali

282
00:11:18,430 --> 00:11:20,260
varjabbli, x'inhu jiġri hawn?

283
00:11:20,260 --> 00:11:21,260
STUDENT: Li se taħdem.

284
00:11:21,260 --> 00:11:22,093
ALLISON: Hija ser taħdem.

285
00:11:22,093 --> 00:11:24,655
Allura dan ser jistampaw, hekk biss
eżempju sempliċi ħafna.

286
00:11:24,655 --> 00:11:27,650

287
00:11:27,650 --> 00:11:29,870
OK, prototipi.

288
00:11:29,870 --> 00:11:33,680
Allura ovvjament, aħna verament
jenfasizzaw għalik guys

289
00:11:33,680 --> 00:11:36,460
biex tagħmel funzjonijiet jekk
jagħmlu sens fil-programmi tiegħek.

290
00:11:36,460 --> 00:11:38,460
Iżda naturalment, meta inti
jagħmlu funzjonijiet tiegħek stess,

291
00:11:38,460 --> 00:11:40,930
tipikament inti ser tiddefinixxi minnhom wara prinċipali.

292
00:11:40,930 --> 00:11:42,430
U inti ser tipprova li jsejħu lilhom fl prinċipali.

293
00:11:42,430 --> 00:11:46,030
U jekk inti ma tuża prototip,
kompilatur tiegħek se Yell fi inti.

294
00:11:46,030 --> 00:11:49,590
>> Prototip huwa bażikament
biss javżak kompilatur tiegħek

295
00:11:49,590 --> 00:11:52,400
li għandi din il-funzjoni isfel prinċipali.

296
00:11:52,400 --> 00:11:54,970
Jien ser sejħa hija qabel I jiddefinixxu dan.

297
00:11:54,970 --> 00:11:56,360
Just iżżomm fuq.

298
00:11:56,360 --> 00:12:00,660
I wegħda li huwa definit, u int
se jkollhom dak kollu li għandek bżonn.

299
00:12:00,660 --> 00:12:05,900
>> Allura l-mod kif nagħmlu huwa biss tiegħek ritorn
tip, isem il-funzjoni tiegħek, input tiegħek

300
00:12:05,900 --> 00:12:06,400
lista.

301
00:12:06,400 --> 00:12:09,760
Huwa bażikament l-ewwel linja
ta 'dikjarazzjoni funzjoni tiegħek.

302
00:12:09,760 --> 00:12:11,510
Huwa tassew kollox huwa.

303
00:12:11,510 --> 00:12:14,440
Iżda din hija biss
tip ġenerali ta 'format.

304
00:12:14,440 --> 00:12:17,220
>> Għalhekk fl-eżempju tagħna hawn,
li inti guys għandhom

305
00:12:17,220 --> 00:12:19,700
raw fis-sezzjoni
f'xi punt, għandna

306
00:12:19,700 --> 00:12:23,220
xi kubu int li
jieħu xi int ta 'input.

307
00:12:23,220 --> 00:12:25,870
U għandna prinċipali tagħna
funzjoni, li ssejjaħ kubu.

308
00:12:25,870 --> 00:12:28,670
U kubu huwa definit wara l-fatt.

309
00:12:28,670 --> 00:12:34,450
>> Hekk jekk aħna ma kellhiex input kubu int
fil-quċċata, meta aħna msejħa kubu

310
00:12:34,450 --> 00:12:36,620
fi ħdan prinċipali, kompilatur tagħna
se tikseb ġenn fil us.

311
00:12:36,620 --> 00:12:38,890
Hija d jkun simili, liema
huma inti titkellem dwarhom?

312
00:12:38,890 --> 00:12:40,360
Cube ma jeżistix.

313
00:12:40,360 --> 00:12:41,910
I do not know dak li qed titlob għall.

314
00:12:41,910 --> 00:12:43,490
U jien biss stop għaddejjin.

315
00:12:43,490 --> 00:12:47,330
>> Iżda għaliex aħna ma prototip tagħna
fil-quċċata, konna qal,

316
00:12:47,330 --> 00:12:49,800
inti taf, meta tara
kubi, ma tinkwieta dwar dan.

317
00:12:49,800 --> 00:12:51,990
I wegħda huwa definit aktar tard.

318
00:12:51,990 --> 00:12:53,750
U inneħħu let inti tagħmel dak li trid.

319
00:12:53,750 --> 00:12:57,750
Mela jekk inti qatt funzjoni
li hu ddikjarat wara li inti sejħa hija

320
00:12:57,750 --> 00:13:00,570
għall-ewwel darba, inti għandek bżonn
jkollhom dan prototyped fil-quċċata.

321
00:13:00,570 --> 00:13:01,640

322
00:13:01,640 --> 00:13:02,720
>> Iva?

323
00:13:02,720 --> 00:13:04,412
>> ROB: Huwa kwadrat, mhux cubing.

324
00:13:04,412 --> 00:13:05,855
>> ALLISON: Oh Alla tiegħi.

325
00:13:05,855 --> 00:13:09,435
I ma have-- Gabe, ħsibt
inti kienu proofreader tagħna.

326
00:13:09,435 --> 00:13:10,740

327
00:13:10,740 --> 00:13:12,760
Guys OK, jkollhom miegħi, hawn.

328
00:13:12,760 --> 00:13:14,440
Nispera li kulħadd jkollna l-idea.

329
00:13:14,440 --> 00:13:15,560

330
00:13:15,560 --> 00:13:20,380
OK, għalhekk dan għandu jkollu
ġew kwadrat, mhux kubiku.

331
00:13:20,380 --> 00:13:22,700
Imma l-idea jibqa l-istess.

332
00:13:22,700 --> 00:13:23,702

333
00:13:23,702 --> 00:13:26,660
Kull funzjoni li aħna qed ssejjaħ wara
il-fatt għandu jkollu prototip.

334
00:13:26,660 --> 00:13:27,730

335
00:13:27,730 --> 00:13:28,970
Kulhadd tajba ma 'dak?

336
00:13:28,970 --> 00:13:30,730

337
00:13:30,730 --> 00:13:32,310
Kwalunkwe typos oħra?

338
00:13:32,310 --> 00:13:32,810
OK.

339
00:13:32,810 --> 00:13:34,730

340
00:13:34,730 --> 00:13:36,230
Kwalunkwe typos hawn qabel nibdew, Rob?

341
00:13:36,230 --> 00:13:37,356

342
00:13:37,356 --> 00:13:42,380
[Laughs] OK, hekk structs.

343
00:13:42,380 --> 00:13:45,040
Bażikament, structs jippermetti li inti
biex joħolqu tip ta 'data tiegħek stess.

344
00:13:45,040 --> 00:13:49,264
Tant bħal int jew char jew
float, huwa biss tip ieħor.

345
00:13:49,264 --> 00:13:51,680
Inħobb naħseb li bħala, bħal,
joħolqu tip ta 'data tiegħek stess.

346
00:13:51,680 --> 00:13:53,740
Għalhekk tippermetti li inti tagħmel dan.

347
00:13:53,740 --> 00:13:56,160
U hija żżomm tipi differenti ta 'data.

348
00:13:56,160 --> 00:14:01,030
>> Mela jekk inti tiftakar, fil-firxa, aħna
tista 'żżomm biss affarijiet tal-istess tip.

349
00:14:01,030 --> 00:14:04,660
Structs inessu li jżommu multipli
affarijiet ta 'tipi differenti.

350
00:14:04,660 --> 00:14:08,944
Allura f'dan il-każ hawnhekk, aħna
jkollhom Struct imsejjaħ Student,

351
00:14:08,944 --> 00:14:10,650
jismu hawn fil-qiegħ.

352
00:14:10,650 --> 00:14:13,540
U aħna għandna xi int id
u xi isem string.

353
00:14:13,540 --> 00:14:14,620

354
00:14:14,620 --> 00:14:17,300
Allura dan huwa biss tip ta 'data ieħor.

355
00:14:17,300 --> 00:14:18,950
Issa għandna tip ta 'data msejħa Istudenti.

356
00:14:18,950 --> 00:14:20,330

357
00:14:20,330 --> 00:14:24,750
>> Allura għaliex aħna tista 'taħseb
huwa biss bħala tip ta 'dejta ieħor,

358
00:14:24,750 --> 00:14:27,760
nistgħu tiddikjara varjabbli
kif aħna kieku kwalunkwe oħra.

359
00:14:27,760 --> 00:14:32,680
Allura minflok sempliċiment li, bħal, l
int student, aħna biss għandhom student,

360
00:14:32,680 --> 00:14:33,390
student 1.

361
00:14:33,390 --> 00:14:33,560
Oh, tħares.

362
00:14:33,560 --> 00:14:34,059
Huwa Rob.

363
00:14:34,059 --> 00:14:35,750

364
00:14:35,750 --> 00:14:38,880
Allura hawnhekk aħna qed tiddikjara
a Struct, jew varjabbli

365
00:14:38,880 --> 00:14:40,940
imsejħa student 1 tat-tip student.

366
00:14:40,940 --> 00:14:45,370
Allura li għaddej biex ikollhom id
u l-isem assoċjat magħha.

367
00:14:45,370 --> 00:14:48,430
>> U l-mod aħna aċċess dawn
elementi fil-Struct tagħna

368
00:14:48,430 --> 00:14:50,100
huwa ma 'l-operatur dot, hawnhekk.

369
00:14:50,100 --> 00:14:51,910

370
00:14:51,910 --> 00:14:54,660
Allura f'dan il-każ, aħna
ddikjaraw madwar istudent 1.

371
00:14:54,660 --> 00:14:57,080
Aħna assenjata l-identità biex tkun 1.

372
00:14:57,080 --> 00:14:58,840
U aħna assenjata l-isem li jkun Rob.

373
00:14:58,840 --> 00:15:03,010

374
00:15:03,010 --> 00:15:04,960
OK, kulħadd tajba ma 'dak?

375
00:15:04,960 --> 00:15:06,787
Jużawha biss like-- iva?

376
00:15:06,787 --> 00:15:09,530
>> STUDENT: Yeah, typedef-- meta
għandna bżonn li jużaw typedef?

377
00:15:09,530 --> 00:15:13,190
>> ALLISON: Allura typedef biss
jgħid that-- Rob, inti

378
00:15:13,190 --> 00:15:16,990
tista 'tikkoreġi lili fuq dan jekk jien wrong--
iżda typedef huwa biss fil-fatt li tiddikjara

379
00:15:16,990 --> 00:15:19,330
bħala tip li tista 'tuża, right?

380
00:15:19,330 --> 00:15:22,550
>> ROB: Yeah, huwa bażikament,
Allura huwa biss il-ħolqien

381
00:15:22,550 --> 00:15:24,215
alias, jew nickname għal tip.

382
00:15:24,215 --> 00:15:25,590
Allura inti tista tip li [inaudible].

383
00:15:25,590 --> 00:15:27,140

384
00:15:27,140 --> 00:15:30,350
Allura [inaudible] teżisti,
u issa aħna biss għandhom

385
00:15:30,350 --> 00:15:32,090
[Inaudible] mezzi
eżattament l-istess ħaġa.

386
00:15:32,090 --> 00:15:37,210
U hekk hawn, aħna qed ittajpjat, I think,
xi tip Struct 2 [inaudible].

387
00:15:37,210 --> 00:15:40,680
Allura huwa biss nickname
għal tip partikolari.

388
00:15:40,680 --> 00:15:44,344
>> STUDENT: String [inaudible] librerija
kien ittajpjat up bħal stilla char.

389
00:15:44,344 --> 00:15:51,380

390
00:15:51,380 --> 00:15:54,390
>> ALLISON: Għall-għanijiet tagħna hawn,
jekk int tiddikjara Struct,

391
00:15:54,390 --> 00:15:55,600
biss tagħmel typedef Struct.

392
00:15:55,600 --> 00:15:57,680

393
00:15:57,680 --> 00:16:04,490
OK, hekk qabel, dan huwa
biss varjabbli normali hawn.

394
00:16:04,490 --> 00:16:06,390
Aħna jkollhom aċċess għaliha bit-tikka.

395
00:16:06,390 --> 00:16:08,580
jekk ikollna pointer li
a Struct, nistgħu attwalment

396
00:16:08,580 --> 00:16:10,700
użu vleġġa, li huwa pjuttost jibred.

397
00:16:10,700 --> 00:16:17,130
>> Allura f'dan il-każ, għandna pointer li
student 1 li huwa ta 'tip student.

398
00:16:17,130 --> 00:16:19,020
Ftakar, bil tiegħek
kostruzzjoni pointer,

399
00:16:19,020 --> 00:16:23,710
inti tixtieq kwalunkwe tip pointer tiegħek
hija li tipponta lejn li tkun fil-bidu.

400
00:16:23,710 --> 00:16:25,960
Allura aħna għandna xi student 1, hawn.

401
00:16:25,960 --> 00:16:27,370

402
00:16:27,370 --> 00:16:31,050
U peress li din student
1 issa hija osservat,

403
00:16:31,050 --> 00:16:36,520
aħna tista 'attwalment tmur student isem 1 vleġġa
minflok dot, għaliex dan huwa pointer,

404
00:16:36,520 --> 00:16:37,640
u tassenja Rob.

405
00:16:37,640 --> 00:16:40,720
U issa jekk irridu li
bidla Rob għall Davin,

406
00:16:40,720 --> 00:16:43,570
dan huwa biss turi li inti
mod differenti biex tagħmel dan.

407
00:16:43,570 --> 00:16:48,850
>> Allura minflok tintuża l-vleġġa, inti
jista also-- I se jintemm dan u mbagħad

408
00:16:48,850 --> 00:16:52,860
jieħdu dik question-- inti tista
wkoll do student referenza 1.

409
00:16:52,860 --> 00:16:56,170
Li qal simili mur
dak kollu li huwa fil student 1, li

410
00:16:56,170 --> 00:16:58,840
Ikun Struct student tagħna.

411
00:16:58,840 --> 00:17:03,910
Aċċess għaliha bit-tikka u l-element
li tixtieq, u mbagħad jassenja mill-ġdid dan.

412
00:17:03,910 --> 00:17:05,326
Kien hemm kwistjoni.

413
00:17:05,326 --> 00:17:08,034
STUDENT: Iva, hekk kif come ikollok
biex jużaw [inaudible] meta int

414
00:17:08,034 --> 00:17:10,367
tagħmel student star mingħajr
[Inaudible] student?

415
00:17:10,367 --> 00:17:12,200
ALLISON: Minħabba li dan
qed toħloq pointer.

416
00:17:12,200 --> 00:17:13,616
ROB: Aħna qed tmur biex jitkellmu dwar dan.

417
00:17:13,616 --> 00:17:16,119
ALLISON: Aħna qed tmur biex jitkellmu
dwar li aktar tard fir-reviżjoni.

418
00:17:16,119 --> 00:17:17,660
Hekk biss iżomm dak maħsub.

419
00:17:17,660 --> 00:17:20,560
Jekk għadu bothers inti fil-
aħħar, come kellem lit wieħed minna.

420
00:17:20,560 --> 00:17:23,380
>> Għalhekk dawn jagħmlu eżattament l-istess ħaġa.

421
00:17:23,380 --> 00:17:25,579
Aħna qed turi biss inti żewġ
modi differenti biex jagħmlu dan.

422
00:17:25,579 --> 00:17:29,470
Istudent 1 issa hija pointer, hekk
inti tista 'aċċess l-element Isem

423
00:17:29,470 --> 00:17:30,960
fi ħdan il-Struct bi vleġġa.

424
00:17:30,960 --> 00:17:36,440
Jew inti tista dereference pointer tiegħek, u
allura jkollhom aċċess għaliha kif inti normalment kieku.

425
00:17:36,440 --> 00:17:38,430
Does li jagħmel sens li kull wieħed?

426
00:17:38,430 --> 00:17:39,480

427
00:17:39,480 --> 00:17:43,890
Jekk l-affarijiet kollha pointer huma ftit
konfużjoni, Gabe se jitkellmu dwar dan,

428
00:17:43,890 --> 00:17:45,740
u mbagħad forsi dan
se tagħmel aktar sens.

429
00:17:45,740 --> 00:17:46,240
Iva?

430
00:17:46,240 --> 00:17:48,387
>> STUDENT: Iva, hekk kif huwa
dan differenti mill-?

431
00:17:48,387 --> 00:17:49,470
ALLISON: Il-waħda preċedenti?

432
00:17:49,470 --> 00:17:52,330
Allura l-istudent 1 f'dan
każ mhix pointer.

433
00:17:52,330 --> 00:17:54,380
Huwa biss Struct attwali tiegħek.

434
00:17:54,380 --> 00:17:55,400
>> STUDENT: OK.

435
00:17:55,400 --> 00:17:57,645
>> ALLISON: Billi dan wieħed
huwa pointer għal Struct.

436
00:17:57,645 --> 00:17:58,910

437
00:17:58,910 --> 00:18:02,060
>> STUDENT: OK, iżda ma dan it-tip ta '
jispiċċaw jaħdmu l-istess [inaudible].

438
00:18:02,060 --> 00:18:03,310
>> ALLISON: Huwa effettivament taħdem l-istess.

439
00:18:03,310 --> 00:18:04,560
Sintassi tiegħek hija biss differenti.

440
00:18:04,560 --> 00:18:05,185
STUDENT: OK.

441
00:18:05,185 --> 00:18:07,600
>> ALLISON: Yeah, dawn huma
effettivament l-istess.

442
00:18:07,600 --> 00:18:11,321
Huwa biss jiddependi fuq il-kuntest,
inti tista 'tixtieq wieħed fuq l-ieħor.

443
00:18:11,321 --> 00:18:11,820
Iva?

444
00:18:11,820 --> 00:18:13,956
>> STUDENT: Meta inti tagħmel
referenzi għall-1--

445
00:18:13,956 --> 00:18:14,580
ALLISON: Mm-hm?

446
00:18:14,580 --> 00:18:16,880
STUDENT: Għaliex inti
jkollhom il-parentesi?

447
00:18:16,880 --> 00:18:19,575
ALLISON: Minħabba student
1 hija l-pointer.

448
00:18:19,575 --> 00:18:22,200
Allura inti għandek bżonn tagħmel żgur li int
biss dereferencing l-pointer.

449
00:18:22,200 --> 00:18:23,380
>> STUDENT: OK.

450
00:18:23,380 --> 00:18:26,700
>> ALLISON: Allura f'dan il-każ hawnhekk,
il-parentesi madwaru

451
00:18:26,700 --> 00:18:29,875
ifisser li int dereferencing student 1.

452
00:18:29,875 --> 00:18:35,390
Allura int ser fejn student
1 punti, li huwa Struct tiegħek.

453
00:18:35,390 --> 00:18:38,010
Allura issa inti tista 'taħseb
tal bħala li Struct,

454
00:18:38,010 --> 00:18:39,785
hekk nistgħu nużaw tagħna operazzjoni normali dot.

455
00:18:39,785 --> 00:18:42,752

456
00:18:42,752 --> 00:18:43,585
Kwalunkwe mistoqsijiet oħra?

457
00:18:43,585 --> 00:18:45,840

458
00:18:45,840 --> 00:18:48,120
Kessaħ, biża.

459
00:18:48,120 --> 00:18:51,359
>> Allura aħħar ħaġa, I think
hija l-aħħar slide tiegħi, Woo!

460
00:18:51,359 --> 00:18:52,775
OK, hekk floating punt impreċiżjoni.

461
00:18:52,775 --> 00:18:54,090

462
00:18:54,090 --> 00:18:56,820
Aħna tkellimna fil-qosor dwar
dan matul lecture.

463
00:18:56,820 --> 00:19:00,030
Bażikament, aħna għandna
numri reali infinitament ħafna.

464
00:19:00,030 --> 00:19:02,237
U jekk kwalunkwe inti guys
imħabba matematika, hemm

465
00:19:02,237 --> 00:19:03,570
kull xorta ta 'għalf jibred magħna.

466
00:19:03,570 --> 00:19:05,010

467
00:19:05,010 --> 00:19:07,190
>> Iżda hemm infinitament
numri reali ħafna.

468
00:19:07,190 --> 00:19:09,850
Iżda dawn qed biss finit
ħafna bits li għandna.

469
00:19:09,850 --> 00:19:13,240
Allura int dejjem se
jkollhom impreċiżjoni, hija kollha.

470
00:19:13,240 --> 00:19:16,269
U li dan huwa biss tip ta '
bħal xi ħaġa inti għandek tkun taf.

471
00:19:16,269 --> 00:19:19,060
Li bħal aħna jista 'jgħidlek għaliex ma
punt floating impreċiżjoni jeżistu?

472
00:19:19,060 --> 00:19:20,004

473
00:19:20,004 --> 00:19:21,420
Hekk biss xi ħaġa li għandek tkun taf.

474
00:19:21,420 --> 00:19:23,770
U ma 'dan, jien tidwir
jikkonsenjaha lill pointers.

475
00:19:23,770 --> 00:19:27,720

476
00:19:27,720 --> 00:19:28,520
>> Binky: Hello, guys.

477
00:19:28,520 --> 00:19:29,616
Jisimni Binky.

478
00:19:29,616 --> 00:19:30,990
Jien ser jitkellmu dwar pointers.

479
00:19:30,990 --> 00:19:33,247

480
00:19:33,247 --> 00:19:35,830
Yeah, hekk pointers huwa attwalment
parti favorit tiegħi f'dan il-kors.

481
00:19:35,830 --> 00:19:39,740
Hekk biss li tagħmilha ċara liema Allison
kien jitkellem dwar hawn, hekk ir-raġuni

482
00:19:39,740 --> 00:19:43,810
why-- l-unika differenza hawnhekk,
id-differenza kbira kienet il-mod

483
00:19:43,810 --> 00:19:44,760
aħna niddikjaraw affarijiet.

484
00:19:44,760 --> 00:19:47,560
Allura student stilla ifisser dan
huwa pointer li student.

485
00:19:47,560 --> 00:19:52,960
Billi l-slide qabel, student huwa
Struct attwali, bħal student attwali,

486
00:19:52,960 --> 00:19:54,400
li jkun fih kwalunkwe minn dawk l-affarijiet.

487
00:19:54,400 --> 00:19:57,050
>> U r-raġuni għaliex aħna
tixtieq to-- iva, Davin?

488
00:19:57,050 --> 00:19:58,630
>> Davin: X'tagħmel il-vleġġa jfisser?

489
00:19:58,630 --> 00:20:04,240
>> Binky: Il-mezzi vleġġa
eżattament l-istess bħal dan.

490
00:20:04,240 --> 00:20:06,150
Allura inti ma verament bżonn il-vleġġa.

491
00:20:06,150 --> 00:20:11,060
Bħal, jekk int biss program
fis-C, inti tista 'biss tuża din.

492
00:20:11,060 --> 00:20:12,850
Jiddispjacini, jien ma dak li hu.

493
00:20:12,850 --> 00:20:14,920
Inti tista 'biss tuża din sintassi.

494
00:20:14,920 --> 00:20:17,430
>> Imma xi nies, meta
kienu tfassil C,

495
00:20:17,430 --> 00:20:19,870
huma dehret li n-nies
użata li sintassi tant,

496
00:20:19,870 --> 00:20:23,970
li se simili biss toħroġ
bi struttura sintassi għal dan.

497
00:20:23,970 --> 00:20:26,820
U dan sar fl
l-forma ta 'dan vleġġa.

498
00:20:26,820 --> 00:20:29,210
U huwa verament sbieħ, għaliex
tissimbolizza xi ħaġa

499
00:20:29,210 --> 00:20:33,670
simili aħna qed attwalment wara
Din il-vleġġa, dan il-werrej,

500
00:20:33,670 --> 00:20:35,300
lejn xi spazju fil-memorja.

501
00:20:35,300 --> 00:20:40,410
U meta aħna naslu s'hemm, irridu
tfittex għall-isem ta 'dik il student,

502
00:20:40,410 --> 00:20:42,150
jekk dan jagħmel sens.

503
00:20:42,150 --> 00:20:43,000
OK?

504
00:20:43,000 --> 00:20:44,290
>> Allura dan huwa eżattament l-istess.

505
00:20:44,290 --> 00:20:46,310
Dan huwa eżattament l-istess ħaġa bħat dan.

506
00:20:46,310 --> 00:20:48,130
Huma jiksbu kkompilata eżattament l-istess, OK?

507
00:20:48,130 --> 00:20:50,100

508
00:20:50,100 --> 00:20:55,580
U r-raġuni hawn għaliex aħna malloc
xi ħaġa, għaliex f'dan il-każ,

509
00:20:55,580 --> 00:20:59,120
varjabbli tagħna huwa attwalment
biss varjabbli pointer.

510
00:20:59,120 --> 00:21:02,900
Allura aħna biss għandhom xi spazju fil
memorja thats azjenda pointer.

511
00:21:02,900 --> 00:21:06,570
Aħna ma verament ikollhom xi spazju
li jkollha l-Struct attwali.

512
00:21:06,570 --> 00:21:08,660
>> Allura dan għandu jsir f'żewġ passi.

513
00:21:08,660 --> 00:21:11,545
Irridu joħolqu l-
memorja li tpoġġi l-Struct fil.

514
00:21:11,545 --> 00:21:14,445
U għandna biex joħolqu l-
memorja li tpoġġi l-pointer fil.

515
00:21:14,445 --> 00:21:16,570
Allura dawn qed bażikament tnejn
varjabbli differenti, hawn.

516
00:21:16,570 --> 00:21:19,730
Waħda minnhom hija ta 'tip student,
ħlief huwa ma verament ikollhom isem.

517
00:21:19,730 --> 00:21:21,900
U l-ieħor huwa
tat student stilla tip.

518
00:21:21,900 --> 00:21:24,900
U mbagħad student 1 punti
hemm, jekk dan jagħmel sens.

519
00:21:24,900 --> 00:21:25,871

520
00:21:25,871 --> 00:21:26,370
OK?

521
00:21:26,370 --> 00:21:28,160

522
00:21:28,160 --> 00:21:31,860
>> Allura r-raġuni għaliex nużaw
pointers huwa għaliex kollox

523
00:21:31,860 --> 00:21:35,510
fil-kompjuter, kull varjabbli
fil-kompjuter għandha żewġ affarijiet.

524
00:21:35,510 --> 00:21:36,580
Hija għandha valur tagħha.

525
00:21:36,580 --> 00:21:38,420
U għandu l-indirizz tiegħu.

526
00:21:38,420 --> 00:21:41,390
U mod tajjeb biex
conceptualize dan huwa hemm

527
00:21:41,390 --> 00:21:44,230
ħafna problemi meta inti
jippruvaw jużaw funzjonijiet.

528
00:21:44,230 --> 00:21:47,200
U aħna qed tmur biex tipprova
tħares lejn wieħed minn dawn.

529
00:21:47,200 --> 00:21:50,370
Jiġifieri, li għaddej biex
think tal-memorja bħala kaxxi.

530
00:21:50,370 --> 00:21:52,810
>> Inti dejjem ħsibt ta 'varjabbli
meta inti tgħidli na ugwali 5.

531
00:21:52,810 --> 00:21:54,430
Inti taħseb ta 'tqegħid 5 ġo kaxxa.

532
00:21:54,430 --> 00:21:55,520

533
00:21:55,520 --> 00:22:00,030
Allura dak li jekk inti tixtieq li jgħaddu
li int fis funzjoni?

534
00:22:00,030 --> 00:22:03,230
Inti biss pass-- jien ma
know-- x ġo funzjoni.

535
00:22:03,230 --> 00:22:06,090
Imma dak li jiġri huwa
normalment bħala bnedmin, inti

536
00:22:06,090 --> 00:22:09,050
ser jaħseb xi ħaġa bħal jien
tgħaddi l-kaxxa lil persuna.

537
00:22:09,050 --> 00:22:12,070
U ma verament
jiġri fil-kompjuters.

538
00:22:12,070 --> 00:22:17,770
Dak li jiġri huwa inti kopja l-valur
tal-kaxxa kaxxa tal-persuna.

539
00:22:17,770 --> 00:22:22,440
>> Allura dak li nkun qiegħed nipprova ngħid huwa li jekk
għandek function-- sorry-- hawn,

540
00:22:22,440 --> 00:22:27,700
jekk ikollna funzjoni simili għal ħamsa up
hemm, jekk inti tipprova li jgħaddu varjabbli,

541
00:22:27,700 --> 00:22:29,450
huwa biss se kopja.

542
00:22:29,450 --> 00:22:35,771
Jekk NX initialize ugwali 3, li għaddej
li kopja dan il-valur sal-varjabbli ta '

543
00:22:35,771 --> 00:22:36,270
up hemm.

544
00:22:36,270 --> 00:22:37,005

545
00:22:37,005 --> 00:22:39,630
OK, u dan huwa tip ta 'r-raġuni
għaliex irridu li jużaw pointers.

546
00:22:39,630 --> 00:22:42,550
Minħabba minflok
tagħti biss il-valur,

547
00:22:42,550 --> 00:22:44,850
minflok sempliċiment jgħaddu biss
il-valur għal funzjoni,

548
00:22:44,850 --> 00:22:46,530
irridu li jgħaddu permezz ta 'referenza.

549
00:22:46,530 --> 00:22:50,630
Nsejħu pass b'referenza huwa tip
li tagħti l-kaxxa għall-funzjoni,

550
00:22:50,630 --> 00:22:53,890
sabiex il-funzjoni tista 'wkoll
jibdlu l-valuri fi żmien li l-kaxxa.

551
00:22:53,890 --> 00:22:57,280
>> OK, hekk biss ftit pointer bażiku
Jittieħed huwa li joħolqu pointers,

552
00:22:57,280 --> 00:23:00,300
inti biss tiddikjaraha tip, u
inti tpoġġi stilla dritt wara dan.

553
00:23:00,300 --> 00:23:02,307
U t-tip huwa biss
dak li qed tipponta lejn.

554
00:23:02,307 --> 00:23:04,390
Mela jekk huwa stilla int,
int tipponta fi int.

555
00:23:04,390 --> 00:23:05,940
Jekk huwa stilla char,
int tipponta lejn ċart.

556
00:23:05,940 --> 00:23:07,790
U jekk huwa stilla student,
int tipponta lejn student.

557
00:23:07,790 --> 00:23:08,770
OK?

558
00:23:08,770 --> 00:23:10,510
>> U dawn qed 4 bytes kollha twil.

559
00:23:10,510 --> 00:23:13,010
Minħabba dan il-varjabbli
din attwalment ma

560
00:23:13,010 --> 00:23:15,380
bżonn li jkollhom char,
l int, jew student.

561
00:23:15,380 --> 00:23:16,890
Huwa biss jeħtieġ li jżomm l-indirizz.

562
00:23:16,890 --> 00:23:21,390
C'est pourquoi dawn qed 4 bytes kollha
twil fil magna normali 32-bit.

563
00:23:21,390 --> 00:23:21,890
OK?

564
00:23:21,890 --> 00:23:25,600
Allura hawnhekk, x hija varjabbli li l-punti
għal int. punti y għal char. z punti

565
00:23:25,600 --> 00:23:26,580
għal float.

566
00:23:26,580 --> 00:23:27,480
Kwalunkwe mistoqsijiet hawn?

567
00:23:27,480 --> 00:23:29,841

568
00:23:29,841 --> 00:23:30,340
Kessaħ.

569
00:23:30,340 --> 00:23:32,550
U hemm żewġ
simboli differenti li jkunu

570
00:23:32,550 --> 00:23:34,341
li wieħed iżomm f'moħħu meta
ġejjin għall-pointer.

571
00:23:34,341 --> 00:23:36,540
Hekk referenzjar u
dereferencing huma dawk kbar.

572
00:23:36,540 --> 00:23:38,100

573
00:23:38,100 --> 00:23:41,602
Allura l-ampersand tal-
isem varjabbli jagħtik l-?

574
00:23:41,602 --> 00:23:42,310
STUDENT: Indirizz.

575
00:23:42,310 --> 00:23:43,380
Binky: Indirizz.

576
00:23:43,380 --> 00:23:47,330
Mela jekk inti tiddikjara int a
ugwali 5, imbagħad ampersand

577
00:23:47,330 --> 00:23:49,214
ta 'se jagħtuk l-indirizz.

578
00:23:49,214 --> 00:23:51,130
U inti tista 'fil-fatt jipprovaw
li jistampaw dak u ara

579
00:23:51,130 --> 00:23:54,640
dak l-indirizz fil-memorja
varjabbli tiegħek.

580
00:23:54,640 --> 00:23:57,380
U mbagħad dereferencing--
b'tali mod li kien referenzar,

581
00:23:57,380 --> 00:24:00,380
jkollna l-dereferencing address--
huwa l-oppost preċiż.

582
00:24:00,380 --> 00:24:04,120
OK, bħad drabi huwa l-
oppost ta 'diviżjoni,

583
00:24:04,120 --> 00:24:06,060
star huwa l-oppost ta ampersand.

584
00:24:06,060 --> 00:24:09,710
Allura dereferencing mezzi jmorru hemm.

585
00:24:09,710 --> 00:24:14,280
Mela jekk inti tagħti I star--
ma know-- 50, li l-

586
00:24:14,280 --> 00:24:20,320
ser jippruvaw imorru għall-indirizz ta '
numru 50 ġewwa tal-kompjuter tiegħek.

587
00:24:20,320 --> 00:24:22,840
OK, u għaliex do naraw
li huma opposti?

588
00:24:22,840 --> 00:24:27,320
Għaliex dak li jiġri jekk inti tagħmel
xi ħaġa bħal stilla ampersand a?

589
00:24:27,320 --> 00:24:28,470

590
00:24:28,470 --> 00:24:33,460
Ukoll, ampersand a jagħtik-indirizz
ta 'varjabbli,-indirizz ta'.

591
00:24:33,460 --> 00:24:35,830
Iżda star ifisser jmorru hemm.

592
00:24:35,830 --> 00:24:38,930
>> Allura x'jiġri jekk int
mur l-indirizz ta '?

593
00:24:38,930 --> 00:24:40,400
Inti biss tikseb għal, id-dritt?

594
00:24:40,400 --> 00:24:41,410

595
00:24:41,410 --> 00:24:43,600
Allura jmorru għall-indirizz ta '
a huwa l-istess ħaġa bħala.

596
00:24:43,600 --> 00:24:47,580
C'est pourquoi dawn qed normalment
irrefera għall-same-- dan

597
00:24:47,580 --> 00:24:50,480
u dan huma msemmija
operaturi kif opposti.

598
00:24:50,480 --> 00:24:50,980
OK?

599
00:24:50,980 --> 00:24:52,780

600
00:24:52,780 --> 00:24:53,790
Hekk jibred.

601
00:24:53,790 --> 00:24:57,240
>> Taħt il-barnuża, per eżempju,
jekk aħna niddikjaraw int x ugwali 5,

602
00:24:57,240 --> 00:24:58,040
għandna varjabbli.

603
00:24:58,040 --> 00:25:00,790
U ftakar li għidt kull
variable-- u din hija ħaġa tajba

604
00:25:00,790 --> 00:25:03,820
iżomm mind-- għandha żewġ
affarijiet differenti assoċjati magħhom.

605
00:25:03,820 --> 00:25:06,460
Hija għandha u valur indirizzat.

606
00:25:06,460 --> 00:25:07,140
OK?

607
00:25:07,140 --> 00:25:09,180
>> Allura l-valur f'dan il-każ hija ta '5.

608
00:25:09,180 --> 00:25:12,140
U l-indirizz is-- ejja ngħidu, jien
jagħmlu xi ħaġa up-- huwa 0x04.

609
00:25:12,140 --> 00:25:13,180

610
00:25:13,180 --> 00:25:17,200
U l-unika raġuni għaliex aħna normalment
jirrappreżentaw indirizzi hexadecimal

611
00:25:17,200 --> 00:25:19,770
huwa wieħed, għaliex dan huwa simili tajjeb.

612
00:25:19,770 --> 00:25:21,600
Hija tmur tajjeb ma binarja.

613
00:25:21,600 --> 00:25:23,500
Huwa faċli li jikkonvertu lejn u mill binarja.

614
00:25:23,500 --> 00:25:26,890
U ma jiksbu wisq kbar jekk
għandek numru kbir ħafna.

615
00:25:26,890 --> 00:25:29,990
Allura aħna tixtieq tuża hexadeċimali
fl-indirizzi istampar.

616
00:25:29,990 --> 00:25:31,890
Imma I jista 'jirrappreżenta
dan bħala numru sħiħ.

617
00:25:31,890 --> 00:25:32,750
Huwa tal-multa.

618
00:25:32,750 --> 00:25:35,450
>> U għalhekk għandha l-indirizz
4 u valur ta '5.

619
00:25:35,450 --> 00:25:38,080
U mbagħad I said star int pointer.

620
00:25:38,080 --> 00:25:40,070
Allura dan huwa tip, avviż differenti.

621
00:25:40,070 --> 00:25:43,220
Int pointer star ugwali
l-indirizz ta 'x.

622
00:25:43,220 --> 00:25:46,425
Allura dak li qed jiġri li jkun il-valur tal-PTR?

623
00:25:46,425 --> 00:25:47,710

624
00:25:47,710 --> 00:25:51,600
Li għaddej biex tkun il-
indirizz ta 'x, stabbiliti hawn.

625
00:25:51,600 --> 00:25:54,190
OK, hekk il-valur li jkun ser
jkun l-istess bħall-indirizz.

626
00:25:54,190 --> 00:25:56,130
Dik hija l-assenjazzjoni topera qed nagħmel.

627
00:25:56,130 --> 00:25:59,380
U mbagħad PTR huwa se jkollu
indirizz tagħha stess, li jirriżulta,

628
00:25:59,380 --> 00:26:02,050
f'dan il-każ, il-8, OK?

629
00:26:02,050 --> 00:26:03,850

630
00:26:03,850 --> 00:26:05,900
>> U mbagħad I joħolqu kopja numru sħiħ ġdid.

631
00:26:05,900 --> 00:26:08,790
U jien ngħidlek kopja int ugwali jmorru hemm.

632
00:26:08,790 --> 00:26:11,140
Allura jmorru għal dak PTR hija li tipponta lejn.

633
00:26:11,140 --> 00:26:13,940
Ukoll, dak li dan PTR jkollhom?

634
00:26:13,940 --> 00:26:14,740
PTR għandu 0x04.

635
00:26:14,740 --> 00:26:16,060

636
00:26:16,060 --> 00:26:18,400
X'jiġri jekk nipprova li jmorru hemm?

637
00:26:18,400 --> 00:26:23,650
I se ssib il-Guy li għandu
indirizz x u li għandha l-indirizz 4.

638
00:26:23,650 --> 00:26:25,970
U li għandu jindirizza erba huwa x.

639
00:26:25,970 --> 00:26:26,950
Ma li jagħmel sens?

640
00:26:26,950 --> 00:26:28,295

641
00:26:28,295 --> 00:26:28,795
Iva?

642
00:26:28,795 --> 00:26:32,060
>> STUDENT: F'dan il-każ, huwa
l-pointer fil-munzell?

643
00:26:32,060 --> 00:26:36,024
>> Binky: F'dan il-każ,
it's-- mistoqsija tajba.

644
00:26:36,024 --> 00:26:38,690
I ma verament jaħsbu dwar dan
meta jagħmlu up dawn l-indirizzi.

645
00:26:38,690 --> 00:26:42,570
Imma jekk dan huwa, bħal, kollha
dawn huma varjabbli lokali,

646
00:26:42,570 --> 00:26:46,372
allura x hija tmur tgħix in-- kollox
se jgħixu fil-munzell.

647
00:26:46,372 --> 00:26:48,330
Allura kollox sejjer
li jkun tipponta lejn munzell.

648
00:26:48,330 --> 00:26:49,360

649
00:26:49,360 --> 00:26:52,700
Inti biss jiksbu l-borġ meta
tibda tuża malloc, id-dritt?

650
00:26:52,700 --> 00:26:59,430
>> Mela jekk inti recall munzell huwa kull darba
inti sejħa funzjoni fil-programm tiegħek,

651
00:26:59,430 --> 00:27:02,800
bħal, per eżempju prinċipali, jew kwalunkwe
funzjoni oħra, bħal printf.

652
00:27:02,800 --> 00:27:06,334
Il-varjabbli kollha lokali huma
se tikseb jitqiegħdu fil-qafas munzell.

653
00:27:06,334 --> 00:27:08,500
U dawn qed tmur biex tikseb
bħal piled fil-ċmieni.

654
00:27:08,500 --> 00:27:09,930
Dak hu sejjaħ munzell.

655
00:27:09,930 --> 00:27:12,200
U dawk il-varjabbli kollha lokali
ser ikunu hemm.

656
00:27:12,200 --> 00:27:14,940
U l-heap-- u aħna qed tmur
biex jitkellmu aktar dwar dan later--

657
00:27:14,940 --> 00:27:19,050
-borġ huwa fejn kollha ta '
dinamikament allokati ħajjiet memorja.

658
00:27:19,050 --> 00:27:20,270
Kessaħ?

659
00:27:20,270 --> 00:27:21,680
>> Immorru għal dan slide.

660
00:27:21,680 --> 00:27:22,800
Iva?

661
00:27:22,800 --> 00:27:25,490
>> STUDENT: Għaliex huwa mhux int
kopja jirritornaw 0x04?

662
00:27:25,490 --> 00:27:27,870

663
00:27:27,870 --> 00:27:30,066
>> Binky: Għaliex huwa mhux int
kopja jirritornaw 0x04?

664
00:27:30,066 --> 00:27:32,450
>> STUDENT: Għaliex huwa mhux li [inaudible]?

665
00:27:32,450 --> 00:27:35,530
>> Binky: Minħabba dak li huwa valur ta PTR?

666
00:27:35,530 --> 00:27:37,394

667
00:27:37,394 --> 00:27:38,370
>> STUDENT: 0x04.

668
00:27:38,370 --> 00:27:38,960
>> Binky: 0x04.

669
00:27:38,960 --> 00:27:40,910
X'jiġri jekk inti tmur 0x04?

670
00:27:40,910 --> 00:27:41,620
What do you get?

671
00:27:41,620 --> 00:27:42,371
>> STUDENT: Oh, OK.

672
00:27:42,371 --> 00:27:42,995
Binky: You see?

673
00:27:42,995 --> 00:27:43,536
STUDENT: Iva.

674
00:27:43,536 --> 00:27:44,890
Binky: Allura ikollok 5.

675
00:27:44,890 --> 00:27:49,170
Allura kopja huwa se jkollu
5, jekk dan jagħmel sens.

676
00:27:49,170 --> 00:27:49,809
Iva?

677
00:27:49,809 --> 00:27:52,803
>> STUDENT: Jista għandna gotten
5 fil-kaxxa valur [inaudible]

678
00:27:52,803 --> 00:27:55,300
jekk npoġġux int kopja [inaudible].

679
00:27:55,300 --> 00:27:56,710
>> Binky: Int-- nixtiequ, yeah.

680
00:27:56,710 --> 00:27:59,080
Li kien jagħmel
pretty ħafna l-istess ħaġa.

681
00:27:59,080 --> 00:28:02,080
Iżda dan il-mod, nistgħu jgħaddu
tindirizza lill funzjonijiet.

682
00:28:02,080 --> 00:28:05,050
U li l-ħaġa jibred
aħna qed tmur biex tagħmel id-dritt issa.

683
00:28:05,050 --> 00:28:06,770

684
00:28:06,770 --> 00:28:13,090
>> Allura dan it-tip ta 'eżerċizzju dejjem taqa up
on-- normalment ħafna jitla 'fuq kwiżż.

685
00:28:13,090 --> 00:28:15,870
Allura huwa verament tajba biex tipprova
tagħmel dan it-tip ta 'ħaġa yourself.

686
00:28:15,870 --> 00:28:21,210
Sabiex tipprova żżomm rekord ta 'dak l-indirizz
hija u jridu li l-valuri tal-varjabbli

687
00:28:21,210 --> 00:28:22,620
huma f'kull punt.

688
00:28:22,620 --> 00:28:24,370
Allura dan huwa eżattament
dak li aħna qed tmur biex tagħmel.

689
00:28:24,370 --> 00:28:26,988
Hawnhekk, aħna għandna passi, wieħed,
tnejn, tlieta, erba ', ħames.

690
00:28:26,988 --> 00:28:30,530
Wieħed, tnejn, tlieta, erba ', ħames.

691
00:28:30,530 --> 00:28:33,330
U aħna qed tmur biex iżommu kont
tal-valuri ta x u.

692
00:28:33,330 --> 00:28:34,650

693
00:28:34,650 --> 00:28:40,530
>> Allura dak li dan qed tagħmel, jekk dan huwa
kodiċi Buggy, aħna qed jippruvaw jagħmlu biex ħamsa.

694
00:28:40,530 --> 00:28:43,610
Allura aħna qed tipprova tikseb fil-
varjabbli u l-bidla valur tagħha sa 5.

695
00:28:43,610 --> 00:28:44,630

696
00:28:44,630 --> 00:28:49,900
U ftakar analoġija tiegħi li jkollhom
kaxxa u għoti-kaxxa lil xi ħadd?

697
00:28:49,900 --> 00:28:51,515
Allura prinċipali għandha din il-kaxxa msejħa x.

698
00:28:51,515 --> 00:28:52,570

699
00:28:52,570 --> 00:28:54,170
U fiha l-valur 3.

700
00:28:54,170 --> 00:28:55,230

701
00:28:55,230 --> 00:28:57,455
U jien jippruvaw għall-idejn
din il-kaxxa biex għal ħamsa.

702
00:28:57,455 --> 00:28:58,560

703
00:28:58,560 --> 00:29:01,510
>> U nixtieq li ħamsa għall-bidla
il-valur ta 'din il-kaxxa sa 5.

704
00:29:01,510 --> 00:29:03,080

705
00:29:03,080 --> 00:29:05,120
U mbagħad I biss jistampaw il-valur ta 'x.

706
00:29:05,120 --> 00:29:06,475

707
00:29:06,475 --> 00:29:08,850
Dan huwa dak function-- tiegħi
dan huwa dak li jien tipprova tagħmel.

708
00:29:08,850 --> 00:29:12,450
Jien biss tipprova li taġġorna
il-valur ta 'x sa 5.

709
00:29:12,450 --> 00:29:13,512

710
00:29:13,512 --> 00:29:14,970
Huwa ċar dak li l-funzjoni ma?

711
00:29:14,970 --> 00:29:16,210

712
00:29:16,210 --> 00:29:21,440
>> OK, iva, liema ser ikunu l-
valuri ta 'x u dritt hawn,

713
00:29:21,440 --> 00:29:27,734
l-ewwel linja, dritt qabel l-ewwel
line-- Nixtieq say-- tal-programm?

714
00:29:27,734 --> 00:29:28,940
>> STUDENT: Probabbilment żibel.

715
00:29:28,940 --> 00:29:30,023
>> Binky: Just Jittieħed żibel.

716
00:29:30,023 --> 00:29:32,590
So I biss jitqiegħed N / A. Hekk
aħna ma verament jafu.

717
00:29:32,590 --> 00:29:37,400
Bħal, a ma jeżistux għadhom,
għaliex aħna ma jissejjaħx biex ħamsa.

718
00:29:37,400 --> 00:29:38,980
Int a ma jkunx iddikjarat.

719
00:29:38,980 --> 00:29:40,030

720
00:29:40,030 --> 00:29:42,920
U x se jeżistu
hawn, iżda aħna ma verament

721
00:29:42,920 --> 00:29:45,370
assenjati xi valur lilha, hekk OK?

722
00:29:45,370 --> 00:29:46,570

723
00:29:46,570 --> 00:29:52,340
>> U mbagħad, liema ser ikunu l-
valuri ta 'x u fil numru tnejn?

724
00:29:52,340 --> 00:29:54,530

725
00:29:54,530 --> 00:29:55,410
>> STUDENT: [inaudible].

726
00:29:55,410 --> 00:29:57,540
>> Binky: Allura x se jkun ta '3.

727
00:29:57,540 --> 00:29:59,650
Li faċli, għaliex
aħna qed assenjazzjoni 3 lilha.

728
00:29:59,650 --> 00:30:03,500
U għadu ma jeżistix
minħabba biss jgħix fil lill ħamsa.

729
00:30:03,500 --> 00:30:05,800
Hekk jien ser ikollhom 3 u xejn.

730
00:30:05,800 --> 00:30:08,590
jew simili żibel, ikun x'ikun,
mhux verament definit.

731
00:30:08,590 --> 00:30:11,640

732
00:30:11,640 --> 00:30:13,140
U issa, dan huwa l-linja importanti.

733
00:30:13,140 --> 00:30:14,931
Hawnhekk, aħna qed tmur biex
attwalment sejħa għal ħamsa.

734
00:30:14,931 --> 00:30:17,140

735
00:30:17,140 --> 00:30:18,680
U ftakar dak li għidt.

736
00:30:18,680 --> 00:30:20,240
Aħna qatt jgħaddu fil-kaxxa.

737
00:30:20,240 --> 00:30:23,110
Aħna biss kopja tal-valur ta '
l-kaxxa għall-kaxxa ieħor.

738
00:30:23,110 --> 00:30:27,000
C'est kompjuters kollha do, kopja
affarijiet minn post għal ieħor.

739
00:30:27,000 --> 00:30:33,550
>> Allura għal ħamsa, x'jagħmlu
hija IT kopji l-valur ta 'x li a.

740
00:30:33,550 --> 00:30:35,130
Allura dak li qed jiġri li jkun hawn?

741
00:30:35,130 --> 00:30:36,210
Il-valuri ta xu a.

742
00:30:36,210 --> 00:30:38,670

743
00:30:38,670 --> 00:30:43,360
3 u 3, aħna ser biss kopja
dan matul minn x sa.

744
00:30:43,360 --> 00:30:44,710

745
00:30:44,710 --> 00:30:45,320
Kessaħ.

746
00:30:45,320 --> 00:30:46,140
>> Issa aħna qed hawn.

747
00:30:46,140 --> 00:30:47,610

748
00:30:47,610 --> 00:30:49,430
U issa aħna qed tmur
li taġġorna ugwali 5.

749
00:30:49,430 --> 00:30:50,900

750
00:30:50,900 --> 00:30:53,070
X'hemm jiġri fil-linja erbgħa?

751
00:30:53,070 --> 00:30:55,120

752
00:30:55,120 --> 00:30:56,010
>> STUDENT: [inaudible].

753
00:30:56,010 --> 00:30:59,685
>> Binky: a gets aġġornata,
imma x ma jiksbu aġġornata.

754
00:30:59,685 --> 00:31:02,050

755
00:31:02,050 --> 00:31:05,250
Minħabba x għadha tgħix fl prinċipali, huwa
blokk kompletament differenti ta 'memorja.

756
00:31:05,250 --> 00:31:06,970
Huwa varjabbli differenti.

757
00:31:06,970 --> 00:31:07,900
a huwa varjabbli ieħor.

758
00:31:07,900 --> 00:31:10,000
Huma jiġri li jkollhom l-
istess valur minħabba I

759
00:31:10,000 --> 00:31:13,980
kkupjati fuq il-valur ta 'x li a.

760
00:31:13,980 --> 00:31:20,070
Imma issa meta I do ugwali 5, dan
ma verament effett x-ebda mod.

761
00:31:20,070 --> 00:31:21,450
Dan huwa l-parti delikati.

762
00:31:21,450 --> 00:31:23,380
Ma jagħmilx sens li kulħadd?

763
00:31:23,380 --> 00:31:24,093
Iva?

764
00:31:24,093 --> 00:31:25,717
STUDENT: Mistoqsija waħda aktar, ikollok 3.

765
00:31:25,717 --> 00:31:27,741
Għaliex huwa already-- oh, no, huwa 3.

766
00:31:27,741 --> 00:31:28,490
Jiddispjacini, qatt f'moħħhom.

767
00:31:28,490 --> 00:31:29,310
Naqra 5.

768
00:31:29,310 --> 00:31:30,415
>> Binky: Yeah, 3, 3.

769
00:31:30,415 --> 00:31:31,540
>> STUDENT: [inaudible], yeah.

770
00:31:31,540 --> 00:31:35,290
Binky: U allura aħna tassenja 5 sa
a, imma ma verament tbiddel x.

771
00:31:35,290 --> 00:31:36,369
Tajba?

772
00:31:36,369 --> 00:31:36,910
STUDENT: Iva.

773
00:31:36,910 --> 00:31:37,410
Binky: Iva?

774
00:31:37,410 --> 00:31:42,330
Inti tista 'tispjega darb'oħra kif
a gets kkupjati [inaudible]?

775
00:31:42,330 --> 00:31:48,480
>> Binky: OK, hekk meta inti sejħa għal ħamsa
ta 'x, għalhekk din il-linja tal-kodiċi hawn.

776
00:31:48,480 --> 00:31:50,100

777
00:31:50,100 --> 00:31:52,340
għal ħamsa ta x, x'inhu x?

778
00:31:52,340 --> 00:31:55,160

779
00:31:55,160 --> 00:31:58,340
x hija biss 3 f'dan il-punt, id-dritt?

780
00:31:58,340 --> 00:32:03,320
Allura inti tista 'biss jaħsbu ta' tqegħid
3 fil hawn u jinsa dwar x.

781
00:32:03,320 --> 00:32:04,410
Biss jitqiegħed 3 hawn.

782
00:32:04,410 --> 00:32:10,880
Bħal, aħna qed tmur biex kopja fuq il-
valur ta 'x li l-int a li l-up hemm.

783
00:32:10,880 --> 00:32:12,310

784
00:32:12,310 --> 00:32:13,630
OK?

785
00:32:13,630 --> 00:32:14,780
>> Allura l-valur ta 'x huwa 3.

786
00:32:14,780 --> 00:32:17,680
Aħna qed tmur biex kopja 3 fuq għal.

787
00:32:17,680 --> 00:32:20,040
U dan kollu blokk ieħor ta '
memorja, dan il-varjabbli oħra

788
00:32:20,040 --> 00:32:22,640
imsejħa se jkollhom 3, kif ukoll.

789
00:32:22,640 --> 00:32:23,580
Ma li jagħmel sens?

790
00:32:23,580 --> 00:32:24,780

791
00:32:24,780 --> 00:32:25,794
Iva?

792
00:32:25,794 --> 00:32:31,008
>> STUDENT: Jekk inti tagħti għal ħamsa simili
jkollhom bħala numru sħiħ x minflok ta ',

793
00:32:31,008 --> 00:32:32,910
li kieku jiffissaw kollox?

794
00:32:32,910 --> 00:32:36,290
>> Binky: Jekk huwa ta 'integer-- ebda,
li kieku ma jiffissaw kollox.

795
00:32:36,290 --> 00:32:37,590
Allura li hija mistoqsija tajba ħafna.

796
00:32:37,590 --> 00:32:40,480
Hija ma verament kwistjoni liema
inti sejħa dawk il-varjabbli.

797
00:32:40,480 --> 00:32:44,510
Għal darb'oħra, dan se tkun kwistjoni ta 'ambitu,
għaliex dawn mhux qed l-istess x.

798
00:32:44,510 --> 00:32:46,526
Huma qed kompletament
spazji differenti fil-memorja.

799
00:32:46,526 --> 00:32:47,400
STUDENT: [inaudible].

800
00:32:47,400 --> 00:32:49,020
Binky: Allura ma verament
jimpurtax dak li inti jsejħulhom.

801
00:32:49,020 --> 00:32:50,480
Li ma tiffissa l-affarijiet, OK?

802
00:32:50,480 --> 00:32:53,390

803
00:32:53,390 --> 00:32:54,430
Aktar mistoqsijiet?

804
00:32:54,430 --> 00:32:55,762
Iva?

805
00:32:55,762 --> 00:32:58,498
>> STUDENT: Kif huwa lura li
numru b'ħames [inaudible]?

806
00:32:58,498 --> 00:32:59,661

807
00:32:59,661 --> 00:33:01,160
Binky: OK, aħna ma għamlu dan għadu.

808
00:33:01,160 --> 00:33:03,432
Ejja mur numru b'ħames, imbagħad.

809
00:33:03,432 --> 00:33:04,650
>> STUDENT: [inaudible]?

810
00:33:04,650 --> 00:33:05,565
>> Binky: What?

811
00:33:05,565 --> 00:33:08,179
>> STUDENT: Do ikollok ritorn fil-livelli kollha?

812
00:33:08,179 --> 00:33:09,970
Binky: Aħna ma jkollhom
ritorn, ma ta prinċipali.

813
00:33:09,970 --> 00:33:12,940
Iżda prospetti ewlenin 0 awtomatikament
jekk inti ma jirritornawx xejn.

814
00:33:12,940 --> 00:33:14,400

815
00:33:14,400 --> 00:33:15,188
Iva?

816
00:33:15,188 --> 00:33:22,658
>> STUDENT: Tista 'tagħmel main-- jew
inti tista 'tagħmel biex ħamsa ritorn ta'?

817
00:33:22,658 --> 00:33:24,170

818
00:33:24,170 --> 00:33:27,990
>> Binky: Aħna jista 'jkollhom
għal ħamsa ritorn, iva.

819
00:33:27,990 --> 00:33:32,527
Imma allura aħna obbligati jassenjaw x
daqs il-valur tar-ritorn ta 'għal ħamsa,

820
00:33:32,527 --> 00:33:34,360
li tkun kemmxejn
programm differenti.

821
00:33:34,360 --> 00:33:35,440
Ikun xogħol.

822
00:33:35,440 --> 00:33:38,730
Imma dak li rridu nagħmlu huwa dak li huwa
imsejħa xi ħaġa bidla fil-post.

823
00:33:38,730 --> 00:33:41,690
Hekk irridu li attwalment
bidla li kaxxa u ma joqogħdu jinkwetaw

824
00:33:41,690 --> 00:33:44,390
dwar li jkollhom li jirritornaw
valuri jew xejn.

825
00:33:44,390 --> 00:33:44,890
OK?

826
00:33:44,890 --> 00:33:46,490

827
00:33:46,490 --> 00:33:50,150
>> Dan huwa biss bħall-funzjoni tpartit
David wera fil lecture, ħlief jien

828
00:33:50,150 --> 00:33:51,740
biss jittrattaw ma 'varjabbli waħda.

829
00:33:51,740 --> 00:33:55,960
U hu użat tnejn, hekk int A u B u
imbagħad varjabbli temporanju u whatnot.

830
00:33:55,960 --> 00:33:57,020
OK?

831
00:33:57,020 --> 00:33:58,070
Allura x'inhu l-aħħar linja?

832
00:33:58,070 --> 00:34:04,400
Wara ħames prospetti, huwa
sempliċement l-a huwa se jmorru lil hinn.

833
00:34:04,400 --> 00:34:06,120

834
00:34:06,120 --> 00:34:10,179
Aħna mhux se jkollhom aktar, u
biss x xorta se jgħixu fuq.

835
00:34:10,179 --> 00:34:12,130
>> U raden liema? x
ma biddlitx il-valur tagħha,

836
00:34:12,130 --> 00:34:15,520
wara kollox, għaliex aħna qed
jinbidlu biss il-valur ta '.

837
00:34:15,520 --> 00:34:17,370
C'est pourquoi x kien 3 kollu.

838
00:34:17,370 --> 00:34:17,870
OK?

839
00:34:17,870 --> 00:34:20,195

840
00:34:20,195 --> 00:34:21,130
Tajba.

841
00:34:21,130 --> 00:34:23,560
Allura dan il-programm ma
jiksbu dak li ridna.

842
00:34:23,560 --> 00:34:24,760
Issa ejja tiffissa lilha.

843
00:34:24,760 --> 00:34:27,440
>> U l-programm jiffissaw qed tuża pointers.

844
00:34:27,440 --> 00:34:32,300
Dak li nagħmlu huwa għandna tliet
linji li huma differenti.

845
00:34:32,300 --> 00:34:34,020
L-ewwel dawk qed aħna mhux qed tgħaddi x.

846
00:34:34,020 --> 00:34:35,535
Aħna qed tgħaddi l-indirizz ta 'x.

847
00:34:35,535 --> 00:34:37,330

848
00:34:37,330 --> 00:34:40,876
Allura minflok ikkupjar fuq
il-valur tal-kaxxa,

849
00:34:40,876 --> 00:34:42,500
Jien xorta ser kopja fuq xi ħaġa.

850
00:34:42,500 --> 00:34:45,380
Imma jien ikkupjar fuq
l-indirizz tal-kaxxa.

851
00:34:45,380 --> 00:34:48,780
>> Mela jekk jien jgħaddu l-indirizz tal-
kaxxa li għal ħamsa, imbagħad għal ħames

852
00:34:48,780 --> 00:34:51,560
se tkun tista 'ssib li fil
memorja u l-bidla valur tagħha.

853
00:34:51,560 --> 00:34:53,980

854
00:34:53,980 --> 00:34:59,580
>> Hekk u mbagħad up hemm, għandi
li mhijiex int aktar.

855
00:34:59,580 --> 00:35:00,882
a hija stilla int.

856
00:35:00,882 --> 00:35:02,090
Huwa pointer li integer.

857
00:35:02,090 --> 00:35:03,790

858
00:35:03,790 --> 00:35:07,310
U mbagħad, għaliex jien tgħaddi l-
jindirizzaw hawn, u mbagħad dak I do

859
00:35:07,310 --> 00:35:10,530
mhix ugwali 5, għaliex
a hija holding indirizz.

860
00:35:10,530 --> 00:35:16,710
Allura dak I trid tagħmel hu li tmur hemm u
taġġorna l-kontenut ta 'dan l-indirizz

861
00:35:16,710 --> 00:35:18,305
bi 5.

862
00:35:18,305 --> 00:35:21,130
>> OK, so ejja jgħaddu
kollha ta 'konz wieħed minn wieħed.

863
00:35:21,130 --> 00:35:22,410

864
00:35:22,410 --> 00:35:26,024
Allura meta I tibda hawn, I
għad għandhom N / A, N / A, N / A

865
00:35:26,024 --> 00:35:28,440
għal kollox fl-ewwel
linja, minħabba I ma jkunux verament

866
00:35:28,440 --> 00:35:29,390
iddikjarata Jittieħed s'issa.

867
00:35:29,390 --> 00:35:30,980

868
00:35:30,980 --> 00:35:35,110
U mbagħad linja tnejn, għandi x ugwali 3.

869
00:35:35,110 --> 00:35:38,020
A star int a ma jeżistux,
istess ħaġa bħal qabel.

870
00:35:38,020 --> 00:35:39,160

871
00:35:39,160 --> 00:35:40,640
>> Issa jiġrilha interessanti.

872
00:35:40,640 --> 00:35:42,300
Hekk jien ser jgħaddu.

873
00:35:42,300 --> 00:35:45,720
U ejja nassumu li l-indirizz
tat x hija 12 fil hexadeċimali.

874
00:35:45,720 --> 00:35:46,880

875
00:35:46,880 --> 00:35:48,420
Ejja biss wieħed jassumi dan.

876
00:35:48,420 --> 00:35:49,221
I magħmula it up.

877
00:35:49,221 --> 00:35:51,680

878
00:35:51,680 --> 00:35:53,500
Allura dak am I tgħaddi hawnhekk hija għal ħamsa.

879
00:35:53,500 --> 00:35:54,460
Jien tgħaddi 12.

880
00:35:54,460 --> 00:35:56,390

881
00:35:56,390 --> 00:35:58,610
>> Allura dak il-valur ma a jkollu?

882
00:35:58,610 --> 00:36:04,785

883
00:36:04,785 --> 00:36:06,210
>> STUDENT: [inaudible].

884
00:36:06,210 --> 00:36:06,950
>> Binky: Jiddispjacini?

885
00:36:06,950 --> 00:36:08,145
>> STUDENT: [inaudible].

886
00:36:08,145 --> 00:36:10,520
Binky: Yeah, bħalu, għal ejja
jassumi li aħna qegħdin hawn, issa.

887
00:36:10,520 --> 00:36:11,540

888
00:36:11,540 --> 00:36:12,040
Jien tistaqsi.

889
00:36:12,040 --> 00:36:12,915
>> STUDENT: [inaudible].

890
00:36:12,915 --> 00:36:13,590

891
00:36:13,590 --> 00:36:14,890
>> Binky: Ġie mibdi.

892
00:36:14,890 --> 00:36:15,860
>> STUDENT: [inaudible].

893
00:36:15,860 --> 00:36:17,985
Binky: Għaliex aħna għadda
xi ħaġa li l-funzjoni.

894
00:36:17,985 --> 00:36:19,431

895
00:36:19,431 --> 00:36:19,930
Iva?

896
00:36:19,930 --> 00:36:20,899
>> STUDENT: Indirizz ta 'x.

897
00:36:20,899 --> 00:36:22,690
Binky: Huwa ser
għandhom l-indirizz ta 'x.

898
00:36:22,690 --> 00:36:25,800
U l-indirizz ta 'x hija 12, tajba.

899
00:36:25,800 --> 00:36:30,990
Allura x se jkun ta '3, għaliex
aħna ma verament jinbidlu x s'issa.

900
00:36:30,990 --> 00:36:36,700
U mbagħad se tkun 0x12, hekk
l-indirizz ta 'x, għaliex thats

901
00:36:36,700 --> 00:36:38,840
dak li aħna mgħoddi lill għal ħamsa.

902
00:36:38,840 --> 00:36:40,940
>> U allura dak li jiġri
jekk nippruvaw li jmorru hemm?

903
00:36:40,940 --> 00:36:42,145
Liema huma aħna ser issib?

904
00:36:42,145 --> 00:36:47,120
Mela jekk inti tipprova li jistampaw istilla a,
aħna qed tmur biex isegwu dan l-indirizz

905
00:36:47,120 --> 00:36:48,620
u jiksbu l-valur ġewwa.

906
00:36:48,620 --> 00:36:50,470
U l-valur hija biss
l-istess valur li x

907
00:36:50,470 --> 00:36:53,980
għandu għaliex dak l-
indirizz ta 'x, li se jkun ta' 3.

908
00:36:53,980 --> 00:36:55,440

909
00:36:55,440 --> 00:36:56,930
Aħna tajba?

910
00:36:56,930 --> 00:36:59,990
>> OK, u mbagħad issa, aħna fil-fatt imorru hemmhekk.

911
00:36:59,990 --> 00:37:05,510
U aħna aġġornament x'ikun
Huwa f'dan l-indirizz 12.

912
00:37:05,510 --> 00:37:07,390
Aħna għamilhom 5.

913
00:37:07,390 --> 00:37:10,560
Allura issa kemm x u star a huma 5.

914
00:37:10,560 --> 00:37:13,170

915
00:37:13,170 --> 00:37:13,680
>> Għaliex huwa li?

916
00:37:13,680 --> 00:37:17,070
Minħabba li l-indirizz tat x huwa 12.

917
00:37:17,070 --> 00:37:20,920
U għandha wkoll 12 bħala valur tagħha.

918
00:37:20,920 --> 00:37:23,780
Hekk jekk aħna isegwu 12, aħna qed
biss jmorru biex isibu x.

919
00:37:23,780 --> 00:37:27,400
Sabiex ikun x'ikun nagħmlu ma '
star a jiġri

920
00:37:27,400 --> 00:37:30,790
li x, minħabba fih
l-indirizz ta 'x.

921
00:37:30,790 --> 00:37:31,918

922
00:37:31,918 --> 00:37:32,418
OK?

923
00:37:32,418 --> 00:37:34,090

924
00:37:34,090 --> 00:37:37,750
>> U dan huwa bħall-qofol tal-jiffissaw.

925
00:37:37,750 --> 00:37:41,500
Allura issa aħna qed kapaċi,
minn għal ħamsa, fil-fatt

926
00:37:41,500 --> 00:37:43,840
memorja t'aċċess li għexu fl prinċipali.

927
00:37:43,840 --> 00:37:47,980
Allura din il-memorja ma jgħix fl għal
ħamsa, bħal qabel, dan l-indirizz 12.

928
00:37:47,980 --> 00:37:50,980
U konna kapaċi li jmorru hemm
u l-bidla valur tagħha sa 5.

929
00:37:50,980 --> 00:37:53,990
>> U mbagħad meta nerġgħu lura,
aħna tinsieh.

930
00:37:53,990 --> 00:37:55,720
Aħna tinsieh stilla a.

931
00:37:55,720 --> 00:37:57,020
U x għadu ħamsa.

932
00:37:57,020 --> 00:37:58,327

933
00:37:58,327 --> 00:38:00,160
Mela jekk inti tixtieq li
jimplimentaw funzjoni tpartit,

934
00:38:00,160 --> 00:38:05,010
inti biss tagħmel l-istess ħaġa eżatt,
ħlief ikollok bżonn li int stilla hawn,

935
00:38:05,010 --> 00:38:06,140
u hekk u ibqa 'sejjer hekk.

936
00:38:06,140 --> 00:38:06,976
OK?

937
00:38:06,976 --> 00:38:07,475
Aħna tajba?

938
00:38:07,475 --> 00:38:09,860

939
00:38:09,860 --> 00:38:10,610
Kessaħ.

940
00:38:10,610 --> 00:38:12,410
>> Hekk pointer aritmetika.

941
00:38:12,410 --> 00:38:13,960
Dan huwa suġġett kemmxejn delikata.

942
00:38:13,960 --> 00:38:16,554
Għalhekk jirriżulta li
pointers huma biss interi.

943
00:38:16,554 --> 00:38:17,970
Inti tista 'taħseb minnhom bħala interi.

944
00:38:17,970 --> 00:38:21,080
Għaliex fil-memorja, inti għandek bħal
indirizz żero, wieħed, tnejn, tlieta memorja,

945
00:38:21,080 --> 00:38:21,900
erbgħa, ħamsa.

946
00:38:21,900 --> 00:38:23,900
Allura nistgħu qosor indirizzi memorja.

947
00:38:23,900 --> 00:38:27,230
>> U dan huwa normalment dak li inti tagħmel meta
int fil u firxa, per eżempju.

948
00:38:27,230 --> 00:38:30,540
Firxa hija biss bħal kontigwi
blokk ta 'memorja, ta' lottijiet ta 'Chars,

949
00:38:30,540 --> 00:38:31,840
per eżempju, lottijiet ta 'ints.

950
00:38:31,840 --> 00:38:34,420
Mela jekk inti tixtieq li tmur għall-
tieni int jew għat-tielet int,

951
00:38:34,420 --> 00:38:37,830
inti tista 'sempliċement is-somma xi ħaġa li l-ewwel
indirizz, u int ser naslu s'hemm.

952
00:38:37,830 --> 00:38:39,620
Allura dan huwa verament utli għal dak.

953
00:38:39,620 --> 00:38:41,850
>> U l-ħaġa li wieħed iżomm
f'moħħu, għalkemm, hi

954
00:38:41,850 --> 00:38:45,140
li mhuwiex eżatt bħal
aritmetika normali fis-sens

955
00:38:45,140 --> 00:38:50,304
li jekk int jittrattaw, jgħidu,
stilla int, u inti żid 1 miegħu,

956
00:38:50,304 --> 00:38:52,220
allura int mhux se
biex żid 1 fl-indirizz,

957
00:38:52,220 --> 00:38:53,950
int ser iżżid 4 għall-indirizz.

958
00:38:53,950 --> 00:38:55,030

959
00:38:55,030 --> 00:38:56,670
Minħabba li int huwa 4 bytes.

960
00:38:56,670 --> 00:38:57,720

961
00:38:57,720 --> 00:38:59,540
>> Allura dan huwa biss bħal
mixi fuq firxa.

962
00:38:59,540 --> 00:39:05,260
Jekk għandna firxa ta 'lottijiet ta' ints u
allura aħna tipprova tmur għat-tieni waħda,

963
00:39:05,260 --> 00:39:08,790
huwa bażikament biss jingħaddu l-
indirizz ta 'l-ewwel waħda flimkien ma' 1.

964
00:39:08,790 --> 00:39:10,040

965
00:39:10,040 --> 00:39:13,425
Iżda dan mhux se be-- biss ejja ngħidu
li l-indirizz ta 'l-ewwel wieħed huwa ta' 4.

966
00:39:13,425 --> 00:39:14,560

967
00:39:14,560 --> 00:39:16,250
Hawnhekk, f'dan il-każ.

968
00:39:16,250 --> 00:39:19,780

969
00:39:19,780 --> 00:39:22,850
U jekk aħna qosor, għalhekk dan
huwa dak li qed jiġri.

970
00:39:22,850 --> 00:39:23,530
Għandna int.

971
00:39:23,530 --> 00:39:25,640
Int x ugwali 5.

972
00:39:25,640 --> 00:39:26,950
X għandha valur 5.

973
00:39:26,950 --> 00:39:31,240
U aħna initialize dan il-werrej, int
y y star int ugwali-indirizz ta 'x.

974
00:39:31,240 --> 00:39:33,660
>> Ejja nassumu l-indirizz ta 'x hija 4.

975
00:39:33,660 --> 00:39:36,960
X'hemm jiġri
issa jekk I somma żid 1 sa y?

976
00:39:36,960 --> 00:39:39,110

977
00:39:39,110 --> 00:39:44,790
Li għaddej biex attwalment
somma 4 minflok sempliċiment 1.

978
00:39:44,790 --> 00:39:50,920
So I żid 1, iżda fil-fatt
miżjud 4, minħabba l-kompjuter intelliġenti.

979
00:39:50,920 --> 00:39:55,275
Allura li għaddej biex attwalment żżid billi i żminijiet
id-daqs tat-tip tal-pointer.

980
00:39:55,275 --> 00:39:56,340

981
00:39:56,340 --> 00:39:56,840
OK?

982
00:39:56,840 --> 00:39:58,030

983
00:39:58,030 --> 00:40:02,440
>> Hekk jekk kienet char, per eżempju,
jekk dan y star char,

984
00:40:02,440 --> 00:40:07,141
u jekk aħna miżjud 1 allura dan ikun
jkun ta '5, minħabba char huwa 1 byte twil.

985
00:40:07,141 --> 00:40:07,640
Tajba?

986
00:40:07,640 --> 00:40:10,560

987
00:40:10,560 --> 00:40:13,190
>> U finalment, aħna ltqajna biex
pointers u arrays.

988
00:40:13,190 --> 00:40:16,451
Jirriżulta li kull darba
int jittrattaw ma 'firxa,

989
00:40:16,451 --> 00:40:18,075
int fil-fatt jittrattaw ma 'pointer.

990
00:40:18,075 --> 00:40:19,720

991
00:40:19,720 --> 00:40:24,777
Ir-raġuni kunċettwali sbieħ ħafna għall
dan hija li arrays huma kbar ħafna.

992
00:40:24,777 --> 00:40:27,360
Mela ftakar li jien qal li
kull darba li inti tgħaddi Jittieħed madwar,

993
00:40:27,360 --> 00:40:29,097
inti kopja kollox.

994
00:40:29,097 --> 00:40:31,180
Mela jekk għandek firxa
li tassew, tassew kbir,

995
00:40:31,180 --> 00:40:32,990
inti ma verament irridu li
kollox kopja kull darba

996
00:40:32,990 --> 00:40:35,710
inti tgħaddi madwar għall-ieħor
funzjoni, għaliex dan huwa biss

997
00:40:35,710 --> 00:40:37,190
ammonti massivi ta 'xogħol.

998
00:40:37,190 --> 00:40:39,710
Allura dak li għandek tagħmel huwa biss passat
l-indirizz ta 'l-ewwel byte.

999
00:40:39,710 --> 00:40:40,969

1000
00:40:40,969 --> 00:40:44,010
U allura l-funzjoni se jkollhom aċċess
li l-elementi kollha f'dik firxa.

1001
00:40:44,010 --> 00:40:48,670
Allura inti għadda l-array indirizz tagħha,
hekk-indirizz ta 'l-ewwel byte.

1002
00:40:48,670 --> 00:40:53,010
>> Hekk jekk aħna niddikjaraw int
firxa 3, hawn, nafu

1003
00:40:53,010 --> 00:40:57,470
kif ikollhok aċċess l-ewwel element
bl-użu notazzjoni parentesi.

1004
00:40:57,470 --> 00:41:02,410
Jekk inti tiftakar il-kategorija
notazzjoni, array parentesi 0 ugwali 1.

1005
00:41:02,410 --> 00:41:06,330
Ukoll, dan ikun eżattament l-
istess bħal biss jmorru hemm u mqiegħda 1.

1006
00:41:06,330 --> 00:41:07,370

1007
00:41:07,370 --> 00:41:09,110
OK, huwa eżattament l-istess ħaġa.

1008
00:41:09,110 --> 00:41:13,010
Allura l-notazzjoni bracket fil hawn
se jkun l-istess bħal din il-linja.

1009
00:41:13,010 --> 00:41:18,600
>> U raden dak in-notazzjoni parentesi
għall-firxa bracket 1 se jkun?

1010
00:41:18,600 --> 00:41:20,440
Dan se jkun biss l-istess ħaġa bħat dan.

1011
00:41:20,440 --> 00:41:22,500
Allura żid wieħed għal firxa.

1012
00:41:22,500 --> 00:41:24,370
Nimxu waħda tul fil-memorja.

1013
00:41:24,370 --> 00:41:26,310
Mur hemm, u mqiegħda 2.

1014
00:41:26,310 --> 00:41:28,050

1015
00:41:28,050 --> 00:41:28,579
OK?

1016
00:41:28,579 --> 00:41:29,870
U din il-linja l-istess ħaġa.

1017
00:41:29,870 --> 00:41:34,860
Aħna rridu li jmorru għat-tielet
kaxxa, hekk firxa plus 2.

1018
00:41:34,860 --> 00:41:37,465
Mur hemm, u poġġi 3.

1019
00:41:37,465 --> 00:41:39,340
Allura fil-memorja, x'hemm
jiġri hija aħna qed

1020
00:41:39,340 --> 00:41:44,400
se jkollhom 1, 2, u 3 kif l-
tliet elementi ta 'din array.

1021
00:41:44,400 --> 00:41:46,970
>> Nistgħu għamlu dan bl-użu
notazzjoni tagħna bracket familjari.

1022
00:41:46,970 --> 00:41:49,410
I biss jixtiequ inti guys tkun taf
li huma l-istess ħaġa.

1023
00:41:49,410 --> 00:41:50,530

1024
00:41:50,530 --> 00:41:53,010
OK, mistoqsijiet dwar dan?

1025
00:41:53,010 --> 00:41:56,115

1026
00:41:56,115 --> 00:41:56,615
Nizza.

1027
00:41:56,615 --> 00:41:57,990

1028
00:41:57,990 --> 00:41:59,880
Issa, jien ser idejn
jikkonsenjaha lill Hannah,

1029
00:41:59,880 --> 00:42:00,330
>> HANNAH: Yay, Yee Haw-.

1030
00:42:00,330 --> 00:42:02,246
>> Binky: Nitkellmu dwar
memorja u l-artikolu Jittieħed.

1031
00:42:02,246 --> 00:42:06,554
[Applause]

1032
00:42:06,554 --> 00:42:10,150
>> HANNAH: Hi, jibred, hekk aħna qed
ser jitkellmu ftit aktar

1033
00:42:10,150 --> 00:42:13,090
dwar memorja, li aħna biss
indirizzati billi jiġu pointers.

1034
00:42:13,090 --> 00:42:16,060
Allura hemm żewġ partijiet ewlenin ta '
memorja li aħna qed kkonċernati ma.

1035
00:42:16,060 --> 00:42:18,830
Aħna għandna l-munzell, li tikber
fil-qiegħ, u borġ, li

1036
00:42:18,830 --> 00:42:20,600
jinżel mill-quċċata.

1037
00:42:20,600 --> 00:42:24,690
U l-munzell hu se żżomm
kollha ta 'varjabbli istanza tagħna.

1038
00:42:24,690 --> 00:42:28,860
Allura kull sejħiet għal funzjoni gets
frejm ftit tagħha stess fuq il-munzell.

1039
00:42:28,860 --> 00:42:32,160
Allura kif Gabe issemma qabel, jekk aħna
sejħa tal-funzjoni ġdid u għal darb'oħra,

1040
00:42:32,160 --> 00:42:34,180
aħna qed tmur biex jistivaw
affarijiet up fuq il-munzell.

1041
00:42:34,180 --> 00:42:35,220

1042
00:42:35,220 --> 00:42:38,570
>> U l-istess, il-borġ,
li jibda fil-quċċata

1043
00:42:38,570 --> 00:42:42,660
se jżommu kollha ta 'l-memorja
li aħna dinamiku jallokaw.

1044
00:42:42,660 --> 00:42:45,110
U hekk kif aħna dinamikament
jalloka memorja,

1045
00:42:45,110 --> 00:42:47,580
dan se tinżel lejn il-qiegħ.

1046
00:42:47,580 --> 00:42:51,340
Koppja affarijiet li jkun konxju ta 'meta
aħna qed jużaw il-munzell u l-borġ,

1047
00:42:51,340 --> 00:42:55,200
mal-munzell, jekk ikollna wisq
many-- ejja say-- sejħiet rikursivi,

1048
00:42:55,200 --> 00:42:58,392
u aħna qed ssejjaħ funzjoni darb'oħra,
u għal darb'oħra, u għal darb'oħra, u għal darb'oħra,

1049
00:42:58,392 --> 00:43:00,350
u huwa stacking up,
stacking up, stacking up.

1050
00:43:00,350 --> 00:43:01,570
U li għaddej li jikkraxxja fil-borġ.

1051
00:43:01,570 --> 00:43:03,040
Aħna qed tmur biex jispiċċaw ta 'memorja.

1052
00:43:03,040 --> 00:43:05,100
Li għaddej biex jikkawża
problema għall-kompjuter.

1053
00:43:05,100 --> 00:43:06,770
U li sejjaħ l-overflow munzell.

1054
00:43:06,770 --> 00:43:09,728
Allura li definittivament xi ħaġa li għandek
għandhom ikunu konxji ta 'u jippruvaw jevitaw.

1055
00:43:09,728 --> 00:43:10,228

1056
00:43:10,228 --> 00:43:14,050
U l-borġ, għandek tiftakar
li ma aċċidentalment tnixxija memorja.

1057
00:43:14,050 --> 00:43:17,950
Kwalunkwe ħin li inti tuża malloc, ma
tinsa biex ħielsa li l-memorja.

1058
00:43:17,950 --> 00:43:20,040
Inkella, hija ser biss
tkun fuq il-borġ moħlija,

1059
00:43:20,040 --> 00:43:23,230
u l-kompjuter mhux se jkun jaf li
huwa liberu li juża li l-memorja.

1060
00:43:23,230 --> 00:43:25,810
Għalhekk dawn huma affarijiet koppja
li jkun ferm attenta mal meta

1061
00:43:25,810 --> 00:43:28,580
int jittrattaw
il-munzell u l-borġ.

1062
00:43:28,580 --> 00:43:30,412
Kwalunkwe mistoqsijiet ma 'dan?

1063
00:43:30,412 --> 00:43:31,304
Biża.

1064
00:43:31,304 --> 00:43:31,900
>> OK, berred.

1065
00:43:31,900 --> 00:43:32,940

1066
00:43:32,940 --> 00:43:36,810
Allura dan it-tip ta 'għandu l-istess
idea bħala overflow munzell, fejn

1067
00:43:36,810 --> 00:43:39,850
aħna qed tmur lil hinn mill-
limiti ta 'dak li memorja

1068
00:43:39,850 --> 00:43:41,960
huwa aħna suppost li tkun tista 'tuża.

1069
00:43:41,960 --> 00:43:45,077
Sabiex jieħdu, per eżempju, buffer, jew inti
tista 'biss jaħsbu li bħala firxa.

1070
00:43:45,077 --> 00:43:47,660
U aħna qal, OK, aħna qed tmur biex
joħolqu din array ftit sbieħ.

1071
00:43:47,660 --> 00:43:49,140
Huwa ser tkun string.

1072
00:43:49,140 --> 00:43:50,630
Jew li għaddej biex jaħżnu karattri.

1073
00:43:50,630 --> 00:43:51,720
U huwa biss se jgħidu bonjour.

1074
00:43:51,720 --> 00:43:52,678
U huwa indeterminat.

1075
00:43:52,678 --> 00:43:53,990
Thats it.

1076
00:43:53,990 --> 00:43:58,240
>> Imma jekk jien kienu xi ħadd ħażen u riedu
tagħmel xi ħaġa ħażina ma 'dan array, liema

1077
00:43:58,240 --> 00:44:02,310
I tista 'tagħmel huwa li tipprova li tikteb
passat il-tarf tas-sekwenza.

1078
00:44:02,310 --> 00:44:04,490
U kif tkun taf tara, jekk
Nikteb bogħod biżżejjed,

1079
00:44:04,490 --> 00:44:06,980
I jistgħu attwalment jaffettwaw
l-indirizz ta 'ritorn.

1080
00:44:06,980 --> 00:44:09,530
U jekk I jibda jaffettwa
l-indirizz ta 'ritorn,

1081
00:44:09,530 --> 00:44:11,730
I jaffettwaw kif il-programm attwalment runs.

1082
00:44:11,730 --> 00:44:15,900
U minflok jirritornaw, inti
jafu, string kuntenti bħal hello, I

1083
00:44:15,900 --> 00:44:19,460
tista 'tagħmel xi ħaġa ħażina, bħal mur
x'imkien ieħor fil-kompjuter tiegħek, xorta

1084
00:44:19,460 --> 00:44:22,146
memorja, jibdlu,
kwalunkwe I trid tagħmel.

1085
00:44:22,146 --> 00:44:25,020
Allura dak hu li dan look like
huwa jekk I biss tip ta 'mimlija up

1086
00:44:25,020 --> 00:44:27,400
b'valur żibel każwali,
f'dan il-każ, biss.

1087
00:44:27,400 --> 00:44:30,490
U mbagħad meta I attwalment
qbilna li l-indirizz tal-memorja,

1088
00:44:30,490 --> 00:44:33,740
I bdew mili ma 'xi ħaġa
li ma dak li ridt li tagħmel.

1089
00:44:33,740 --> 00:44:34,952

1090
00:44:34,952 --> 00:44:36,410
Kwalunkwe mistoqsijiet bil overflow buffer?

1091
00:44:36,410 --> 00:44:38,450

1092
00:44:38,450 --> 00:44:40,730
Biża, li jtajru dritt
permezz ta 'dan il-għalf.

1093
00:44:40,730 --> 00:44:43,530
>> OK, hekk aħna tkellimna ħafna ta '
dwar pointer ma Gabe.

1094
00:44:43,530 --> 00:44:45,790
Kif nistgħu attwalment tikseb pointer?

1095
00:44:45,790 --> 00:44:48,070
Kif nikbru indirizz fl memorja?

1096
00:44:48,070 --> 00:44:51,040
Well, nistgħu nużaw dan sbieħ
funzjoni sejħa malloc, li

1097
00:44:51,040 --> 00:44:53,370
se tikseb
biċċa ftit tal-memorja,

1098
00:44:53,370 --> 00:44:55,480
speċifikament fil-
munzell, kif aħna diskussi,

1099
00:44:55,480 --> 00:44:59,780
u li għaddej biex jagħtuk lura
pointer li dak l-indirizz fil-memorja.

1100
00:44:59,780 --> 00:45:01,950
U l-argument li aħna
għandek tagħti lill malloc

1101
00:45:01,950 --> 00:45:04,280
huwa kemm l-ispazju fil-memorja irridu.

1102
00:45:04,280 --> 00:45:06,100
>> Allura tista 'tara l-daqs byte.

1103
00:45:06,100 --> 00:45:08,670
Ejja ngħidu, per eżempju, jew
attwalment, f'dan l-eżempju,

1104
00:45:08,670 --> 00:45:12,040
aħna jallokaw biżżejjed
spazju għal 10 interi.

1105
00:45:12,040 --> 00:45:15,640
Allura probabbilment dak li aħna qed tmur jridu
jitqiegħdu hawnhekk hija firxa ta '10 interi.

1106
00:45:15,640 --> 00:45:19,641
Allura aħna tagħtiha daqs tal ints, li
Aħna tgħallimna kien kemm bytes?

1107
00:45:19,641 --> 00:45:20,140
STUDENT: 4.

1108
00:45:20,140 --> 00:45:22,920
HANNAH: 4, sbieħ, u aħna
tixtieq 10 ta 'dawk fir-ringiela,

1109
00:45:22,920 --> 00:45:28,050
b'tali mod li għandna biżżejjed spazju biex
jaħżnu 10 interi kollha, f'dan il-każ.

1110
00:45:28,050 --> 00:45:31,290
Xi ħaġa super importanti,
kwalunkwe ħin inti sejħa malloc,

1111
00:45:31,290 --> 00:45:32,880
ikollok biex jiċċekkja għal null.

1112
00:45:32,880 --> 00:45:37,310
Jekk inti ma jiċċekkja għal null, ukoll,
malloc jekk runs out ta 'spazju

1113
00:45:37,310 --> 00:45:40,400
u m'għadhomx jistgħu jagħtuk xi
memorja aktar, huwa ser jerġa null.

1114
00:45:40,400 --> 00:45:42,060

1115
00:45:42,060 --> 00:45:45,630
Mela jekk inti ma check,
malloc tista 'tirritorna null.

1116
00:45:45,630 --> 00:45:51,265
U mbagħad jekk nippruvaw
dereference pointer null,

1117
00:45:51,265 --> 00:45:54,960
aħna qed tmur biex tikseb tort segmentazzjoni,
li aħna se nitkellmu dwar id-dritt issa.

1118
00:45:54,960 --> 00:45:56,150

1119
00:45:56,150 --> 00:45:56,650
Biża.

1120
00:45:56,650 --> 00:45:58,300
>> OK, mistoqsijiet malloc?

1121
00:45:58,300 --> 00:46:00,044

1122
00:46:00,044 --> 00:46:00,544
Iva?

1123
00:46:00,544 --> 00:46:05,460
>> STUDENT: Does iċċekkjar null
[Inaudible] ma tagħmel dan fuq l-kwizz?

1124
00:46:05,460 --> 00:46:08,100
>> HANNAH: Sure, il-kwistjoni kienet
ma matter-- fuq l-kwizz,

1125
00:46:08,100 --> 00:46:10,420
ser ikollok tikseb punti off jekk
inti ma jiċċekkja għal null?

1126
00:46:10,420 --> 00:46:12,794
Iva, inti se tikseb punti off
jekk inti ma jiċċekkja għal null.

1127
00:46:12,794 --> 00:46:16,030
Kwalunkwe ħin li inti sejħa malloc, kemm fuq il-
kwizz u psets tiegħek u fil-ħajja reali,

1128
00:46:16,030 --> 00:46:17,155
ikollok biex jiċċekkja għal null.

1129
00:46:17,155 --> 00:46:18,330
Mistoqsija tajba.

1130
00:46:18,330 --> 00:46:19,689
>> Gabe: X'jiġri jekk jien ma ħielsa?

1131
00:46:19,689 --> 00:46:21,730
HANNAH: Gabe jixtieq ikun jaf
dak li jekk aħna ma ħielsa.

1132
00:46:21,730 --> 00:46:25,030
Imbagħad aħna se jkollhom
nixxija memorja borġ tagħna.

1133
00:46:25,030 --> 00:46:26,140
Kwalunkwe mistoqsijiet oħra?

1134
00:46:26,140 --> 00:46:27,550
Iva?

1135
00:46:27,550 --> 00:46:30,120
>> STUDENT: Jista you-- jmorru fuq
overflow buffer reali malajr mill-ġdid?

1136
00:46:30,120 --> 00:46:30,530
>> HANNAH: Sure.

1137
00:46:30,530 --> 00:46:33,071
Il-kwistjoni kienet nistgħu tmur fuq
overflow tassew mgħaġġla buffer.

1138
00:46:33,071 --> 00:46:35,050
Ejja ħa mmorru lura għal dawk pjastri.

1139
00:46:35,050 --> 00:46:37,430
Allura buffer, inti tista 'sempliċement
jaħsbu li bħala firxa, id-dritt?

1140
00:46:37,430 --> 00:46:39,360
Inti għandek xi spazju fil-memorja.

1141
00:46:39,360 --> 00:46:43,580
U meta aħna ewwel joħolqu firxa tagħna,
nafu arrays fiss daqs,

1142
00:46:43,580 --> 00:46:45,470
jew tarka tagħna għandu daqs fiss.

1143
00:46:45,470 --> 00:46:51,360
>> Mela ejja ngħidu f'dan il-każ, għandna biss
spazju biżżejjed biex jiktbu l-sekwenza bonjour.

1144
00:46:51,360 --> 00:46:57,340
Jekk immorru passat li marbuta, jekk immorru fil-passat
dak firxa tagħna aħna qalet li setgħet iżżomm,

1145
00:46:57,340 --> 00:46:59,780
nistgħu attwalment tibda
kitba fil-memorja

1146
00:46:59,780 --> 00:47:01,780
li l-kompjuter ma
tixtieq magħna biex jiktbu fis.

1147
00:47:01,780 --> 00:47:02,810

1148
00:47:02,810 --> 00:47:05,580
U speċifikament, jekk aħna hit
xi ħaġa bħall-ritorn

1149
00:47:05,580 --> 00:47:08,700
indirizz tal-funzjoni, li,
bħal kull biċċa oħra ta 'memorja,

1150
00:47:08,700 --> 00:47:11,420
huwa biss x'imkien fil tiegħek
kompjuter, inti tista 'attwalment

1151
00:47:11,420 --> 00:47:14,080
bidla li u jibdew jagħmlu affarijiet ħażen.

1152
00:47:14,080 --> 00:47:15,272
Iwieġeb il-mistoqsija tiegħek?

1153
00:47:15,272 --> 00:47:16,230
Biża, xi ħaġa oħra?

1154
00:47:16,230 --> 00:47:17,466
Iva?

1155
00:47:17,466 --> 00:47:21,948
>> STUDENT: Allura munzell [inaudible], inti
qal tmur mill-qiegħ jmorru up.

1156
00:47:21,948 --> 00:47:25,434
Fil-firxa munzell, ma
il-memorja jmorru minn, bħal,

1157
00:47:25,434 --> 00:47:27,230
top down jappartjenu għal kull waqfa?

1158
00:47:27,230 --> 00:47:28,646

1159
00:47:28,646 --> 00:47:32,100
>> HANNAH: Kif do you--
tiddifferixxi għall Rob fuq dan wieħed.

1160
00:47:32,100 --> 00:47:35,370

1161
00:47:35,370 --> 00:47:38,213
>> ROB: Hija se jikbru fl-istess
direzzjoni bħall-munzell tikber.

1162
00:47:38,213 --> 00:47:38,712
HANNAH: OK.

1163
00:47:38,712 --> 00:47:40,967
ROB: So I nikseb konfuż.

1164
00:47:40,967 --> 00:47:42,331
Dan se jkun estrazzjoni.

1165
00:47:42,331 --> 00:47:42,831
HANNAH: OK.

1166
00:47:42,831 --> 00:47:44,000
ROB: Dan huwa korrett.

1167
00:47:44,000 --> 00:47:49,420
Allura jekk il-munzell qed jikber
up, allura generally-- dan

1168
00:47:49,420 --> 00:47:52,380
ma għandhom ikunu bħal dan.
imma int tista 'tiddikjara int x.

1169
00:47:52,380 --> 00:47:54,120
Imbagħad inti tiddikjara y int.

1170
00:47:54,120 --> 00:47:57,300
Imbagħad int x ġeneralment se jkun
aktar baxx fuq il-munzell milli y int.

1171
00:47:57,300 --> 00:47:59,300
Imma dak li biss fatt.

1172
00:47:59,300 --> 00:48:02,410
Li mhux simili ħaġa importanti żerriegħa.

1173
00:48:02,410 --> 00:48:06,800
>> ROB: Għalhekk il-kwistjoni mill-ġdid kien biss
dak li jiġri kull qafas jibni up.

1174
00:48:06,800 --> 00:48:08,960
Allura kull funzjoni gets
biċċa ftit tal-munzell.

1175
00:48:08,960 --> 00:48:13,030
U kif tmur up, f'dak
ftit biċċa, fi ħdan dak il-qafas,

1176
00:48:13,030 --> 00:48:16,710
aħna ser ngħidu li varjabbli
fi ħdan dak il-qafas wkoll ningranaw.

1177
00:48:16,710 --> 00:48:17,473
Mistoqsija?

1178
00:48:17,473 --> 00:48:18,688
>> ROB: li jkun biss fuq mic.

1179
00:48:18,688 --> 00:48:19,396
HANNAH: Oh, yeah.

1180
00:48:19,396 --> 00:48:20,440
ROB: I ser jitkellmu fis inti.

1181
00:48:20,440 --> 00:48:21,410
HANNAH: Oh, yeah, OK.

1182
00:48:21,410 --> 00:48:24,150
ROB: L-eċċezzjoni hija
għal matriċi u structs,

1183
00:48:24,150 --> 00:48:27,470
fejn arrays, aktar baxx
indiċi fil-firxa,

1184
00:48:27,470 --> 00:48:29,930
u structs fil ogħla
qasam fil-structs

1185
00:48:29,930 --> 00:48:35,040
huma ggarantiti li tkun f'indirizzi aktar baxxi
minn valur aktar tard fil-firxa.

1186
00:48:35,040 --> 00:48:36,720
Sabiex dawk huma garantiti.

1187
00:48:36,720 --> 00:48:40,310
Iżda kwalunkwe varjabbli partikolari fi ħdan,
bħal int x u int y fi ħdan funzjoni,

1188
00:48:40,310 --> 00:48:43,030
hemm l-ebda relazzjoni meħtieġ
bejn l-indirizzi tagħhom.

1189
00:48:43,030 --> 00:48:44,882

1190
00:48:44,882 --> 00:48:46,340
HANNAH: Mistoqsija oħra minn hawn?

1191
00:48:46,340 --> 00:48:51,620
STUDENT: Allura fil-buffer
fluss, buffer overflow biss

1192
00:48:51,620 --> 00:48:54,980
biss ġara meta inti
jkunu, simili, assenjat

1193
00:48:54,980 --> 00:49:01,056
ammont ta 'firxa
li allura huwa akbar?

1194
00:49:01,056 --> 00:49:03,230
Bħal, inti tista?

1195
00:49:03,230 --> 00:49:05,435
Mela jekk inti qed tistaqsi għal
xi ħaġa mill-user--

1196
00:49:05,435 --> 00:49:06,018
>> HANNAH: Mm-hm.

1197
00:49:06,018 --> 00:49:08,600
STUDENT: Jistgħu dawn sfurzat
jagħtik xi ħaġa lura

1198
00:49:08,600 --> 00:49:11,777
li l-akbar minn kwalunkwe
inti stajt allokati għalihom?

1199
00:49:11,777 --> 00:49:13,610
HANNAH: Sure, sabiex il-
kwistjoni kienet bażikament,

1200
00:49:13,610 --> 00:49:16,217
tista 'l-utent jtik
aktar milli inti ssaqsi għall?

1201
00:49:16,217 --> 00:49:16,800
STUDENT: Yeah.

1202
00:49:16,800 --> 00:49:18,480
HANNAH: Well, inti tista 'tipprevjeni
l-utent milli jagħmel dan.

1203
00:49:18,480 --> 00:49:21,350
Tista 'tgħid speċifikament ma
tagħti me aktar minn x l-għadd mill bytes

1204
00:49:21,350 --> 00:49:24,330
Stajt biss tak kamra għal x numru
ta 'bytes, numru ta' karattri x.

1205
00:49:24,330 --> 00:49:25,700
Allura li xi ħaġa inti tixtieq li tevita.

1206
00:49:25,700 --> 00:49:26,199
Iva?

1207
00:49:26,199 --> 00:49:30,270
X'inhi d-differenza bejn
munzell overflow buffer u overflow?

1208
00:49:30,270 --> 00:49:32,140
>> HANNAH: OK, sabiex il-munzell
overflow-- oh, liema

1209
00:49:32,140 --> 00:49:34,790
hija d-differenza bejn munzell
overflow u overflow buffer?

1210
00:49:34,790 --> 00:49:37,581
Allura aħna tixtieq li jaħsbu ta 'overflow munzell
jiġri meta aħna qed attwalment

1211
00:49:37,581 --> 00:49:39,530
stacking up dawn is-sejħiet funzjoni.

1212
00:49:39,530 --> 00:49:42,991
Ejja ngħidu li għandek funzjoni jirrikorri,
għaliex aħna nafu li kull darba li inti

1213
00:49:42,991 --> 00:49:45,240
sejħa funzjoni, huwa jiġrilha
frejm tagħha stess fuq il-munzell.

1214
00:49:45,240 --> 00:49:47,950
>> Allura aħna munzell sa għoli wisq, u
imbagħad nibdew biex overflow.

1215
00:49:47,950 --> 00:49:50,530
U nużaw memorja wisq, U
Aħna ma jkollhom kullimkien xellug.

1216
00:49:50,530 --> 00:49:51,590
Nikbru dan l-iżball.

1217
00:49:51,590 --> 00:49:53,930
>> Overflow buffer hija fi ħdan programm.

1218
00:49:53,930 --> 00:49:57,180
Irridu jista 'ma neċessarjament ikollhom
jispiċċaw ta 'memorja bl-istess mod

1219
00:49:57,180 --> 00:50:00,080
li nistgħu jekk aħna qed istivar
up tant sejħiet funzjoni,

1220
00:50:00,080 --> 00:50:04,540
imma aħna tikteb passat il-memorja
li nafu nistgħu nużaw.

1221
00:50:04,540 --> 00:50:06,170
U li jippermetti li tagħmel affarijiet ħażen.

1222
00:50:06,170 --> 00:50:08,060

1223
00:50:08,060 --> 00:50:08,560
Yeah?

1224
00:50:08,560 --> 00:50:10,950
>> ROB: Iva, inti tista 'tixtieq
għal ftit irrepeti dan,

1225
00:50:10,950 --> 00:50:12,699
imma int tista 'wkoll taħseb
ta 'overflow munzell

1226
00:50:12,699 --> 00:50:15,374
bħala bħal tip speċifiku
ta 'overflow buffer.

1227
00:50:15,374 --> 00:50:17,665
Jew inti biss jaħsbu ta 'tiegħek
munzell bħala buffer verament kbir.

1228
00:50:17,665 --> 00:50:20,724
Imbagħad meta inti jfur inti munzell,
huwa tip simili ta 'overflow buffer.

1229
00:50:20,724 --> 00:50:23,390
Iżda overflow munzell huwa biss
terminu speċifiku użat meta l-munzell

1230
00:50:23,390 --> 00:50:24,310
innifsu tifwir.

1231
00:50:24,310 --> 00:50:27,500
>> HANNAH: Dritt, hekk li
irrepeti għall-video,

1232
00:50:27,500 --> 00:50:31,756
Magħha inti tista 'taħseb overflow munzell bħala
tip speċifiku ta 'overflow buffer.

1233
00:50:31,756 --> 00:50:33,040
Kessaħ?

1234
00:50:33,040 --> 00:50:34,562
Kwalunkwe mistoqsijiet aktar qabel immorru fuq?

1235
00:50:34,562 --> 00:50:35,380

1236
00:50:35,380 --> 00:50:35,880
Biża.

1237
00:50:35,880 --> 00:50:37,130

1238
00:50:37,130 --> 00:50:39,727
>> OK, jibred, so ejja nitkellmu dwar
xi messaġġi ta 'żball komuni.

1239
00:50:39,727 --> 00:50:42,060
Din hija xi ħaġa li għandha
murija fuq kwizzijiet multipli,

1240
00:50:42,060 --> 00:50:44,740
hekk xi ħaġa li jiswew
tieħu ħarsa tieni fuq.

1241
00:50:44,740 --> 00:50:46,860
Jien ċert li inti stajt jiltaqgħu magħhom
inqas xi wħud minn dawn

1242
00:50:46,860 --> 00:50:48,690
kif qed tagħmel il-problema tiegħek settijiet.

1243
00:50:48,690 --> 00:50:50,980
Sabiex tagħmel żgur li int tista 'tkellem
dwarhom fuq il-kwizz.

1244
00:50:50,980 --> 00:50:52,990
>> Allura l-ewwel waħda hija
tort segmentazzjoni.

1245
00:50:52,990 --> 00:50:55,250
U li kwalunkwe ħin aħna
tipprova l-aċċess memorja

1246
00:50:55,250 --> 00:50:57,130
li aħna mhux qed jitħallew aċċess.

1247
00:50:57,130 --> 00:51:00,280
Allura inti migh raw dan,
per eżempju, fl tbegħid.

1248
00:51:00,280 --> 00:51:03,390
Jekk tiskopri kolliżjoni
ritorn null, u allura inti

1249
00:51:03,390 --> 00:51:05,500
ippruvaw jagħmlu xi ħaġa
ma 'dak il-valur null,

1250
00:51:05,500 --> 00:51:08,147
il-kompjuter jagħti
inti tort segmentazzjoni.

1251
00:51:08,147 --> 00:51:10,730
Allura wieħed, ħaġa importanti li
jagħmlu sabiex jippruvaw jevitaw dan

1252
00:51:10,730 --> 00:51:12,000
huwa li dejjem jiċċekkja għal null.

1253
00:51:12,000 --> 00:51:13,300

1254
00:51:13,300 --> 00:51:16,180
>> Inti tista deher ukoll
dikjarazzjoni impliċitu tal-funzjoni.

1255
00:51:16,180 --> 00:51:18,370
Allura dan huwa dak li jiġri
meta Allison wera inti

1256
00:51:18,370 --> 00:51:20,150
kif nagħmlu prototip, id-dritt?

1257
00:51:20,150 --> 00:51:23,440
Mela ejja ngħidu aħna għandna xi
funzjoni li aħna jiddefinixxu.

1258
00:51:23,440 --> 00:51:24,440
Ejja ngħidu kubu.

1259
00:51:24,440 --> 00:51:27,120
U li tmur fil-qiegħ
tal-funzjoni tagħna, taħt prinċipali.

1260
00:51:27,120 --> 00:51:35,205
>> Jekk ninsew li tgħid il-kompjuter dwar
kubi, meta prinċipali tipprova li jsejħu kubu,

1261
00:51:35,205 --> 00:51:36,830
il-kompjuter se jkun, bħal, oh gosh tiegħi.

1262
00:51:36,830 --> 00:51:38,300
Għandi l-ebda idea dak li tfisser.

1263
00:51:38,300 --> 00:51:39,760
I do not know x'għandek tagħmel, hawn.

1264
00:51:39,760 --> 00:51:41,594
Allura l-prototip jgħid tinkwetax.

1265
00:51:41,594 --> 00:51:42,510
Jien ser jgħidlek.

1266
00:51:42,510 --> 00:51:43,132
>> Hija ser ġejjin.

1267
00:51:43,132 --> 00:51:43,840
Ma Yell fil lili.

1268
00:51:43,840 --> 00:51:46,697
Ma jagħtux me impliċitu
dikjarazzjoni tal-funzjoni.

1269
00:51:46,697 --> 00:51:49,280
Hekk jekk ikollok dan l-iżball, wieħed
Ħaġa int ser trid tagħmel

1270
00:51:49,280 --> 00:51:50,821
hija tiżgura ruħek li għandek prototip tiegħek.

1271
00:51:50,821 --> 00:51:52,320

1272
00:51:52,320 --> 00:51:53,230
OK?

1273
00:51:53,230 --> 00:51:55,680
>> U fl-aħħar iżda mhux l-inqas,
identifikatur mhux iddikjarat

1274
00:51:55,680 --> 00:52:00,570
huwa essenzjalment meta inti tipprova tuża
varjabbli li int ma dikjarati.

1275
00:52:00,570 --> 00:52:03,449
Allura kollha f'daqqa tibda
qal like n plus plus.

1276
00:52:03,449 --> 00:52:04,740
U l-kompjuter jgħid x'hemm n?

1277
00:52:04,740 --> 00:52:06,660
Inti qatt ma told me n kienet ħaġa.

1278
00:52:06,660 --> 00:52:10,930
>> Allura ħaġa waħda għandek tagħmel żgur li int
għamlet hu li tgħid il-kompjuter dak n huwa.

1279
00:52:10,930 --> 00:52:13,320
Hekk per eżempju, n tista 'tkun numru sħiħ.

1280
00:52:13,320 --> 00:52:14,999
U allura inti se tevita dan l-iżball.

1281
00:52:14,999 --> 00:52:16,290
Kwalunkwe mistoqsijiet dwar żbalji komuni?

1282
00:52:16,290 --> 00:52:17,260
Iva?

1283
00:52:17,260 --> 00:52:19,344
>> STUDENT: Għall-impliċitu
dikjarazzjoni ta 'funzjoni,

1284
00:52:19,344 --> 00:52:22,343
jista 'jkun ukoll li inti barra wieħed
tal-libreriji inti kienu suppost

1285
00:52:22,343 --> 00:52:24,400
li tinkludi, aktar milli l-prototip?

1286
00:52:24,400 --> 00:52:26,359
>> HANNAH: Dritt, hekk il-
kwistjoni kienet, tista

1287
00:52:26,359 --> 00:52:28,650
wkoll tikseb dan l-iżball jekk inti
nesa li jinkludu librerija.

1288
00:52:28,650 --> 00:52:29,085
>> STUDENT: Iva.

1289
00:52:29,085 --> 00:52:30,876
>> HANNAH: Assolutament,
għaliex bl-istess mod

1290
00:52:30,876 --> 00:52:33,540
li aħna rridu li tqiegħed prototipi tagħna
qabel l-funzjoni ewlenija tiegħu,

1291
00:52:33,540 --> 00:52:37,717
jekk ikollna librerija, dawk huma għaddejjin
li essenzjalment jinkludu l-prototipi,

1292
00:52:37,717 --> 00:52:39,425
jinkludu d-definizzjonijiet
tal-funzjonijiet.

1293
00:52:39,425 --> 00:52:40,585
Kwistjoni kbira.

1294
00:52:40,585 --> 00:52:43,230
>> STUDENT: Għal segmentazzjoni
tort, li kieku wkoll

1295
00:52:43,230 --> 00:52:47,350
jiġri jekk aħna, bħal, ippruvaw
aċċess varjabbli,

1296
00:52:47,350 --> 00:52:51,947
bħal, fil-[inaudible] differenti
milli kien iddikjarat fil-?

1297
00:52:51,947 --> 00:52:54,030
HANNAH: Sure, hekk kieku aħna
jiksbu tort segmentazzjoni

1298
00:52:54,030 --> 00:52:56,270
jekk aħna ppruvaw għall-aċċess għal
varjabbli barra mill-ambitu?

1299
00:52:56,270 --> 00:52:57,104
Kienet li kwistjoni?

1300
00:52:57,104 --> 00:52:57,645
STUDENT: Iva.

1301
00:52:57,645 --> 00:52:58,430
HANNAH: Beautiful.

1302
00:52:58,430 --> 00:53:01,840
Allura probabbilment, int ser tikseb
żball identifikatur mhux iddikjarat minflok.

1303
00:53:01,840 --> 00:53:04,006
Allura huwa biss se ngħid
I do not know dak li hu.

1304
00:53:04,006 --> 00:53:04,920

1305
00:53:04,920 --> 00:53:05,920
Kessaħ, kull ħaġ'oħra?

1306
00:53:05,920 --> 00:53:07,744

1307
00:53:07,744 --> 00:53:08,980
Yeah, OK, beautiful.

1308
00:53:08,980 --> 00:53:10,330

1309
00:53:10,330 --> 00:53:12,400
>> Kollha righty, hekk recursion.

1310
00:53:12,400 --> 00:53:15,160
So I imsemmi koppja darbiet
li nistgħu jiksbu overflow munzell

1311
00:53:15,160 --> 00:53:17,919
għaliex aħna qed ssejjaħ tagħna
funzjoni rikursivi hekk bosta drabi.

1312
00:53:17,919 --> 00:53:20,210
Aħna jkollna dawn kollha munzell
frejms, blah, blah, blah.

1313
00:53:20,210 --> 00:53:22,420
What anki hija funzjoni jirrikorri?

1314
00:53:22,420 --> 00:53:25,680
Ukoll, funzjoni jirrikorri hija
kwalunkwe funzjoni li s-sejħiet innifsu.

1315
00:53:25,680 --> 00:53:26,820

1316
00:53:26,820 --> 00:53:30,160
>> Xi affarijiet li jkun konxju ta 'meta inti
qed jimplimentaw il-funzjoni jirrikorri,

1317
00:53:30,160 --> 00:53:31,940
ma ninsewx li tinkludi każ bażi.

1318
00:53:31,940 --> 00:53:34,010
A każ bażi huwa l-
punt li fih aħna jispiċċaw.

1319
00:53:34,010 --> 00:53:38,740
Allura, per eżempju, jekk aħna qed kodifikazzjoni,
, Jgħidu, Fibonacci recursively,

1320
00:53:38,740 --> 00:53:43,210
aħna tixtieq li tagħmel ċert li meta nikbru
għall-0 jew l-ewwel numru Fibonacci,

1321
00:53:43,210 --> 00:53:46,220
dawn iż-żewġ numri jkollhom dawn il-każijiet,
għaliex dawn mhumiex dipendenti

1322
00:53:46,220 --> 00:53:47,700
fuq affarijiet li daħlu qabel.

1323
00:53:47,700 --> 00:53:48,990
Dawk għandhom valuri tagħhom stess.

1324
00:53:48,990 --> 00:53:51,270

1325
00:53:51,270 --> 00:53:55,320
>> Xi pros għal recursion, li hija
kwistjoni Rajna fuq kwizzijiet passat.

1326
00:53:55,320 --> 00:53:57,930
Dawn jistgħu jwasslu għal aktar
konċiż, kodiċi eleganti.

1327
00:53:57,930 --> 00:54:00,510
U ħafna ta 'funzjonijiet, a
lott ta 'algoritmi differenti,

1328
00:54:00,510 --> 00:54:02,350
attwalment jipprestaw ruħhom għal recursion.

1329
00:54:02,350 --> 00:54:05,510
Definizzjoni tagħhom jista 'jkun
rikursivi u fih innifsu.

1330
00:54:05,510 --> 00:54:06,980
Allura Fibonacci huwa wieħed.

1331
00:54:06,980 --> 00:54:07,860
Fattorjali huwa wieħed.

1332
00:54:07,860 --> 00:54:10,480
Jingħaqdu sort jiġifieri one-- kollha
affarijiet li inti tista 'tħares lejn.

1333
00:54:10,480 --> 00:54:12,650

1334
00:54:12,650 --> 00:54:13,460
OK, xi mistoqsijiet?

1335
00:54:13,460 --> 00:54:13,960
Iva?

1336
00:54:13,960 --> 00:54:15,644

1337
00:54:15,644 --> 00:54:19,612
>> STUDENT: huwa każ kantuniera
simili għal każ bażi?

1338
00:54:19,612 --> 00:54:22,590
Jew hija li għal xi oħra
tip ta '[inaudible]?

1339
00:54:22,590 --> 00:54:25,170
>> HANNAH: Sure, so a
każ kantuniera huwa any-- tant

1340
00:54:25,170 --> 00:54:27,580
huwa l-każ kantuniera l-istess bħal każ bażi?

1341
00:54:27,580 --> 00:54:32,825
Każ rokna hija xi ħaġa li tiegħek
kodiċi jġibx ruħu ftit differenti.

1342
00:54:32,825 --> 00:54:34,450

1343
00:54:34,450 --> 00:54:38,610
Xenarju bażi huwa tip ta 'relatat, b'mod
li dawn qed simili każi partikolari

1344
00:54:38,610 --> 00:54:40,240
li inti tixtieq li tħares lejn.

1345
00:54:40,240 --> 00:54:43,240
Imma l-idea ta 'każ bażi huwa li
inti tixtieq funzjoni jirrikorri tiegħek

1346
00:54:43,240 --> 00:54:44,870
biex tieqaf f'xi punt.

1347
00:54:44,870 --> 00:54:46,490
Hija ma jistgħux iżommu ssejjaħ lilha nnifisha dejjem.

1348
00:54:46,490 --> 00:54:47,781
Jeħtieġ li tieqaf f'xi punt.

1349
00:54:47,781 --> 00:54:49,340

1350
00:54:49,340 --> 00:54:53,460
>> Rob: Iva, frekwentement, każijiet bażi tiegħek
Jista 'jkun eżempji ta' bażijiet kantuniera.

1351
00:54:53,460 --> 00:54:55,876
>> HANNAH: Dritt, berred, xejn?

1352
00:54:55,876 --> 00:54:58,732
>> STUDENT: Tista 'tispjegalna
tibbaża ftit aktar?

1353
00:54:58,732 --> 00:55:01,600
I ma pjuttost jifhmu
[Inaudible] Każijiet bażi.

1354
00:55:01,600 --> 00:55:02,676
>> HANNAH: Tal-każijiet bażi?

1355
00:55:02,676 --> 00:55:03,140
>> STUDENT: każijiet Bażi, yeah.

1356
00:55:03,140 --> 00:55:03,770
>> HANNAH: Oh yeah, żgur.

1357
00:55:03,770 --> 00:55:04,270
Ejja naraw.

1358
00:55:04,270 --> 00:55:05,480
Do għandna ġibs minn hawn?

1359
00:55:05,480 --> 00:55:06,690

1360
00:55:06,690 --> 00:55:07,320
Iva, nagħmlu.

1361
00:55:07,320 --> 00:55:09,530
OK, sabiex verament malajr, jien ser
tipprova tikteb kbir biżżejjed

1362
00:55:09,530 --> 00:55:11,320
sabiex inti tista 'tara fuq l-iskrin.

1363
00:55:11,320 --> 00:55:13,490
Ejja nitkellmu dwar, verament
malajr, Fibonacci.

1364
00:55:13,490 --> 00:55:15,550
So I ser jagħtuk l-sekwenza Fibonacci.

1365
00:55:15,550 --> 00:55:17,090
Inti tista 'tfittex up-definizzjoni.

1366
00:55:17,090 --> 00:55:26,050
>> Essenzjalment, kull numru fis-sekwenza
hija s-somma taż-żewġ numri ta 'qabel.

1367
00:55:26,050 --> 00:55:29,720
OK, sabiex il-mod li I
biss deskritta Fibonacci,

1368
00:55:29,720 --> 00:55:31,530
inti tista 'tisma' l-recursion, id-dritt?

1369
00:55:31,530 --> 00:55:35,280
Meta I qal kull numru huwa l-
somma taż-żewġ numri ta 'qabel,

1370
00:55:35,280 --> 00:55:36,420
nistgħu ngħidu OK.

1371
00:55:36,420 --> 00:55:38,570
Ukoll, il Fibonacci nth
number-- hekk ejja

1372
00:55:38,570 --> 00:55:42,260
ngħidu aħna għandna din il-funzjoni
imsejħa fib fib-- ta n

1373
00:55:42,260 --> 00:55:48,260
se tkun ugwali għal FIB
ta 'n minus 1 plus-- sorry,

1374
00:55:48,260 --> 00:55:51,240
aħna ser tmur fuq il-linja li jmiss
fuq fib here-- ta n minus 2.

1375
00:55:51,240 --> 00:55:52,790

1376
00:55:52,790 --> 00:55:56,790
>> OK, sabiex dan jaħdem kbir jekk int
tħares lejn, per eżempju, il-żero, wieħed,

1377
00:55:56,790 --> 00:55:59,410
tnejn, tlieta, erba ',
ħames numru Fibonacci,

1378
00:55:59,410 --> 00:56:03,561
fejn inti tista 'tgħid li
5 huwa ugwali għal 2 plus 3.

1379
00:56:03,561 --> 00:56:05,060
Imma x'jiġri jekk int fil-bidu?

1380
00:56:05,060 --> 00:56:07,184
X'jiġri jekk int biss laqtu
dawn l-ewwel żewġ valuri?

1381
00:56:07,184 --> 00:56:08,470

1382
00:56:08,470 --> 00:56:11,330
>> Biex tikseb dan 1, inti ma tistax
jgħidu żid it-tnejn ta 'qabel,

1383
00:56:11,330 --> 00:56:13,930
minħabba li żero and-- I do not know.

1384
00:56:13,930 --> 00:56:15,390
Allura f'xi punt, għandna bżonn li tieqaf.

1385
00:56:15,390 --> 00:56:21,250
F'xi punt, għandna bżonn li ngħidu li dawn
tnejn biss ikollhom definizzjonijiet tagħhom stess.

1386
00:56:21,250 --> 00:56:23,890
In-numru 0 Fibonacci huwa 0.

1387
00:56:23,890 --> 00:56:26,115
U l-ewwel numru Fibonacci huwa 1.

1388
00:56:26,115 --> 00:56:34,120
>> Allura l-mod I tista kodiċi dan, I
ngħid jekk n huwa inqas minn tnejn,

1389
00:56:34,120 --> 00:56:35,130
allura biss jirritornaw n.

1390
00:56:35,130 --> 00:56:36,494
U li tkun każ bażi tiegħi.

1391
00:56:36,494 --> 00:56:38,660
Thats kif I taf biex tieqaf
b'funzjoni jirrikorri.

1392
00:56:38,660 --> 00:56:40,640

1393
00:56:40,640 --> 00:56:41,410
Huwa li ċari?

1394
00:56:41,410 --> 00:56:41,940
Biża.

1395
00:56:41,940 --> 00:56:43,260
Xi ħaġa oħra fuq recursion?

1396
00:56:43,260 --> 00:56:44,890

1397
00:56:44,890 --> 00:56:45,930
Beautiful.

1398
00:56:45,930 --> 00:56:48,750
>> Ejja malajr nitkellmu dwar
tfittxija u ħinijiet sort run.

1399
00:56:48,750 --> 00:56:52,660
U mbagħad I se tagħti xi Davin
ħin biex jitkellmu dwar kodifikazzjoni eżempji.

1400
00:56:52,660 --> 00:56:56,490
Allura hawn huma l-tfittxija prinċipali u
xorta li għandek tkun taf dwar.

1401
00:56:56,490 --> 00:56:59,500
Guarantee-- I ma jistgħux jiggarantixxu,
minħabba I ma bbenefikawx l-quiz--

1402
00:56:59,500 --> 00:57:01,940
iżda din taqa up kwizz
wara kwizz wara nieqaf.

1403
00:57:01,940 --> 00:57:04,050
Allura definittivament tuża din it-tabella.

1404
00:57:04,050 --> 00:57:05,682
Bħal, jieħdu din chart.

1405
00:57:05,682 --> 00:57:06,890
Poġġih fuq folja iqarrqu tiegħek.

1406
00:57:06,890 --> 00:57:07,931
Int ser tkun persuna kuntenti.

1407
00:57:07,931 --> 00:57:09,010

1408
00:57:09,010 --> 00:57:12,590
>> Dan tgħidilna l-ħinijiet run ta 'kull
ta 'dawn it-tip u tfittxija algoritmi.

1409
00:57:12,590 --> 00:57:14,020

1410
00:57:14,020 --> 00:57:18,850
Allura tfittxija lineari, tista 'tara run
ħin, u istess bil-tfittxija binarja.

1411
00:57:18,850 --> 00:57:21,490
Mur fuq liema dawn algoritmi
tagħmel, l-idea ġenerali.

1412
00:57:21,490 --> 00:57:24,220
Ħares lejn uħud pseudocode,
jekk mhux kodiċi nnifsu.

1413
00:57:24,220 --> 00:57:25,610

1414
00:57:25,610 --> 00:57:30,380
>> Int ser ikollok tara dik it-tip bużżieqa għandha fuq
marbuta fl-agħar każ ta 'n kwadru.

1415
00:57:30,380 --> 00:57:31,490

1416
00:57:31,490 --> 00:57:34,680
Hekk jekk firxa tagħna kien kompletament
lura qabel ridna li sort it,

1417
00:57:34,680 --> 00:57:37,090
aħna ngħid li dan huwa
ser jieħdu passi n kwadri.

1418
00:57:37,090 --> 00:57:38,160

1419
00:57:38,160 --> 00:57:41,730
Iżda fl-aħjar każ, sabiex il-
t'isfel marbuta għall-aħjar każ

1420
00:57:41,730 --> 00:57:44,300
se tkun jekk huwa
diġà perfettament magħżula.

1421
00:57:44,300 --> 00:57:46,671
Imbagħad kollha għandna nagħmlu huwa
jiċċekkjaw li huwa magħżula.

1422
00:57:46,671 --> 00:57:47,921
Hemm kwistjoni minn hawn?

1423
00:57:47,921 --> 00:57:49,805
>> STUDENT: Meta kieku
inti tixtieq li tuża tip?

1424
00:57:49,805 --> 00:57:50,747
L-tip.

1425
00:57:50,747 --> 00:57:52,160
Jien sempliċiment kurjuż.

1426
00:57:52,160 --> 00:57:53,510
>> HANNAH: Meta kieku inti
tixtieq li tuża sort għażla?

1427
00:57:53,510 --> 00:57:54,010
Dan wieħed?

1428
00:57:54,010 --> 00:57:55,705
Il-wieħed li n kwadrat fiż-żewġ każijiet?

1429
00:57:55,705 --> 00:57:56,860
>> STUDENT: [inaudible].

1430
00:57:56,860 --> 00:57:58,151
>> HANNAH: Allura huwa differenti ħafna.

1431
00:57:58,151 --> 00:58:00,760
Jekk għandek speċifiku
rekwiżiti għall-programm tiegħek,

1432
00:58:00,760 --> 00:58:04,887
bħal affarijiet simili jekk aħna biss qal
timplimenta sorry-- search--

1433
00:58:04,887 --> 00:58:06,720
timplimenta sort, inti ser
probabilment tixtieq li tmur

1434
00:58:06,720 --> 00:58:09,950
għal wieħed mill-dawk li
għandha aħjar każ ta 'n,

1435
00:58:09,950 --> 00:58:12,410
jew aktar baxxa marbuta fl-aqwa każ ta 'n.

1436
00:58:12,410 --> 00:58:14,790
Iżda jista 'jkun hemm
ċerti affarijiet simili, ngħidu aħna,

1437
00:58:14,790 --> 00:58:16,767
Swaps huma verament
għaljin għal xi raġuni.

1438
00:58:16,767 --> 00:58:18,850
Imbagħad inti tixtieq li tagħmel
sort bużżieqa, għaliex inti

1439
00:58:18,850 --> 00:58:20,641
għandhom jagħmlu dan ħafna
Swaps, affarijiet bħal dik.

1440
00:58:20,641 --> 00:58:21,710

1441
00:58:21,710 --> 00:58:23,098
Kwalunkwe iva other--?

1442
00:58:23,098 --> 00:58:25,488
>> STUDENT: Ikun [inaudible]
ngħid li [inaudible]?

1443
00:58:25,488 --> 00:58:30,077

1444
00:58:30,077 --> 00:58:31,910
HANNAH: Li ħaġa waħda
li se jgħidlek

1445
00:58:31,910 --> 00:58:33,670
jekk inti qed tħares lejn l-implimentazzjoni.

1446
00:58:33,670 --> 00:58:35,850
Il-mod nixtieq attwalment
jaħsbu dwar għaliex huwa n

1447
00:58:35,850 --> 00:58:40,840
kwadrata hija li għandna jiddekorri
permezz firxa tagħna ta 'tul n,

1448
00:58:40,840 --> 00:58:42,765
kull darba li tagħmel l-aktar, n swaps.

1449
00:58:42,765 --> 00:58:43,980

1450
00:58:43,980 --> 00:58:46,220
U għandna nagħmlu dan il-proċess n żminijiet.

1451
00:58:46,220 --> 00:58:51,130
>> Allura meta inti għandek tagħmel l-aktar, n
tpartit u għal n runs permezz tal-firxa,

1452
00:58:51,130 --> 00:58:52,380
hemm għaddej li jkun n kwadrat.

1453
00:58:52,380 --> 00:58:55,480
Imma iva, dan ser jiġi żvelat
permezz ta 'din doppja għall loop,

1454
00:58:55,480 --> 00:58:59,428
bħala l-kwistjoni asked-- jew
nested għall loop, I għandha tgħid.

1455
00:58:59,428 --> 00:59:00,890
OK?

1456
00:59:00,890 --> 00:59:03,375
>> U mbagħad jingħaqdu sort, li
huwa t-tip mgħaġġla aħna issa,

1457
00:59:03,375 --> 00:59:07,560
jew li konna koperti fl CS50,
jafu li l-algoritmu prinċipali huwa

1458
00:59:07,560 --> 00:59:10,150
din l-idea ta 'ksur fis
biċċiet magħżula u mbagħad

1459
00:59:10,150 --> 00:59:11,980
tintegra flimkien dawn bits magħżula.

1460
00:59:11,980 --> 00:59:14,170
U se jiksbu us log n log n.

1461
00:59:14,170 --> 00:59:17,110
Kwalunkwe mistoqsijiet dwar tfittxijiet u
xorta qabel I tgħaddiha fuq?

1462
00:59:17,110 --> 00:59:19,840

1463
00:59:19,840 --> 00:59:21,040
Ejja naraw.

1464
00:59:21,040 --> 00:59:21,800
>> Oh, listi marbuta.

1465
00:59:21,800 --> 00:59:23,210
Jiddispjacini, għandi suġġett wieħed aktar.

1466
00:59:23,210 --> 00:59:25,000
OK, biża, marbuta listi.

1467
00:59:25,000 --> 00:59:27,900
Problema bil-arrays,
jekk ikollha daqs fiss.

1468
00:59:27,900 --> 00:59:30,634
Mela jekk inti ma taf kif big
input tiegħek se tkun,

1469
00:59:30,634 --> 00:59:32,050
inti ma tridx li joħolqu firxa.

1470
00:59:32,050 --> 00:59:34,080
Għaliex jekk aħna joħolqu
firxa li huwa żgħir wisq,

1471
00:59:34,080 --> 00:59:35,930
nistgħu run fis overflow buffer.

1472
00:59:35,930 --> 00:59:38,890
>> Allura minflok, stajna nagħmlu xi ħaġa
ma 'listi marbuta, li

1473
00:59:38,890 --> 00:59:44,280
jippermetti li jkollhom dinamikament
struttura tad-data daqs

1474
00:59:44,280 --> 00:59:48,970
li se jippermetti magħna biex jaħżnu
ammont aktar flessibbli ta 'data.

1475
00:59:48,970 --> 00:59:54,030
Allura fi ħdan kull node fil tagħna
marbuta lista, għandna żewġ biċċiet.

1476
00:59:54,030 --> 00:59:56,820
Aħna għandna l-valur attwali li jaħżen.

1477
00:59:56,820 --> 00:59:59,530
Allura dak biss il-ħaġa inti
tara fil-firxa, per eżempju.

1478
00:59:59,530 --> 01:00:04,600
U allura aħna wkoll iżżomm kont ta '
pointer li l-ħaġa li jmiss fil-memorja.

1479
01:00:04,600 --> 01:00:06,430
>> B'differenza arrays, li
nafu lkoll se

1480
01:00:06,430 --> 01:00:10,890
biex be-- elementi array huma kollha wieħed
wara l-oħra fl memory-- marbuta

1481
01:00:10,890 --> 01:00:13,300
listi jista 'jkun kullimkien fil-memorja.

1482
01:00:13,300 --> 01:00:14,590
Huma qed postijiet arbitrarji.

1483
01:00:14,590 --> 01:00:16,410
Hekk jekk konna biex
fil-fatt imorru jsibu lilhom, aħna

1484
01:00:16,410 --> 01:00:19,770
bżonn li jżommu rekord ta 'l-
ħaġa li jmiss fil-lista tagħna.

1485
01:00:19,770 --> 01:00:22,840
>> U mbagħad sabiex tkun taf
fejn dik il-lista kollha kemm hi huwa,

1486
01:00:22,840 --> 01:00:26,276
kollha għandna biex iżommu kont ta hija l-
ewwel element fil-lista marbuta tagħna.

1487
01:00:26,276 --> 01:00:27,900
U li ser jippermettu magħna biex jimxu.

1488
01:00:27,900 --> 01:00:31,020

1489
01:00:31,020 --> 01:00:33,070
>> Allura dan huwa kif inti tista 'tiddefinixxi modalità.

1490
01:00:33,070 --> 01:00:36,160
Din hija opportunità kbira
biex jieħdu vantaġġ ta 'structs.

1491
01:00:36,160 --> 01:00:39,660
Għax għandek din l-idea, ukoll,
għal node partikolari, Għandi żewġ biċċiet.

1492
01:00:39,660 --> 01:00:41,770
Għandi l-valur attwali innifsu.

1493
01:00:41,770 --> 01:00:45,610
U mbagħad I jkollhom pointer għall-
element jmiss fil-lista marbuta.

1494
01:00:45,610 --> 01:00:49,150
Allura inti tara, għandna n integer,
li se jkun il-valur attwali,

1495
01:00:49,150 --> 01:00:53,150
u mbagħad pointer li
node, imsejjaħ jmiss.

1496
01:00:53,150 --> 01:00:56,431
Allura li għaddej biex tkun il-li jmiss
element fil-lista marbuta tagħna.

1497
01:00:56,431 --> 01:00:56,972
STUDENT: Iva?

1498
01:00:56,972 --> 01:01:01,920
Do għandek tispeċifika li
l-istilla huwa bħal Struct?

1499
01:01:01,920 --> 01:01:05,620
>> HANNAH: Iva, hekk peress li dan
huwa kważi bħal tip ta ',

1500
01:01:05,620 --> 01:01:07,980
jidher li huwa simili rikursivi
definizzjoni li aħna

1501
01:01:07,980 --> 01:01:12,080
bżonn tkun taf dak node huwa
ġewwa li tinstab node.

1502
01:01:12,080 --> 01:01:14,450
Peress li ma attwalment
taf liema node huwa kompletament

1503
01:01:14,450 --> 01:01:17,283
sakemm aħna jiksbu l-aħħar tal this--
u wara dan nistgħu biss sejħa hija

1504
01:01:17,283 --> 01:01:21,935
a node-- ġewwa ta 'din id-definizzjoni,
għandna bżonn li sejħa hija node Struct.

1505
01:01:21,935 --> 01:01:22,560
Kwistjoni kbira.

1506
01:01:22,560 --> 01:01:23,580

1507
01:01:23,580 --> 01:01:25,214
Xi ħaġa oħra?

1508
01:01:25,214 --> 01:01:26,198
Iva?

1509
01:01:26,198 --> 01:01:29,150
>> STUDENT: Għalfejn nagħmlu
jkollhom jgħidu node darbtejn?

1510
01:01:29,150 --> 01:01:33,578
Għaliex meta konna fil [inaudible]
aħna biss kellha tagħmel dan fil virgola,

1511
01:01:33,578 --> 01:01:37,352
iżda issa għandna biex issib li
node Struct? [Inaudible].

1512
01:01:37,352 --> 01:01:39,060
HANNAH: So Nemmen
fl-aħħar eżempju,

1513
01:01:39,060 --> 01:01:42,110
konna biss joħolqu ghaċ
riedu jużaw student wara li, inti

1514
01:01:42,110 --> 01:01:46,430
kellhom jużaw Struct node--
Jien sorry-- student Struct.

1515
01:01:46,430 --> 01:01:51,575
Dan ippermetta magħna biex, wara l-fatt, biss
użu node iżżid tip ġdid, essenzjalment.

1516
01:01:51,575 --> 01:01:53,324

1517
01:01:53,324 --> 01:01:53,990
Li jagħmel sens?

1518
01:01:53,990 --> 01:01:54,984

1519
01:01:54,984 --> 01:01:57,150
Allura aħna d jkollhom imorru lura u
tħares lejn il-kodiċi qabel.

1520
01:01:57,150 --> 01:01:59,025
Imma nixtieq raden li
aħna ma użatx typedef.

1521
01:01:59,025 --> 01:02:02,050
U aħna staqsa l-mistoqsija,
għaliex għandna bżonn tuża typedef?

1522
01:02:02,050 --> 01:02:05,540
Typedef jippermetti li tiġi evitata l-
Struct kelma fil-bidu.

1523
01:02:05,540 --> 01:02:06,221
Iva?

1524
01:02:06,221 --> 01:02:08,095
STUDENT: X'tip ta '
mistoqsijiet ser toħroġ

1525
01:02:08,095 --> 01:02:10,400
f'termini f'termini ta '
lymph u listi marbuta?

1526
01:02:10,400 --> 01:02:15,110
>> HANNAH: Allura ħaġa waħda hija nistgħu ngħidu kif
jista inti tfittex permezz ta 'lista marbuta?

1527
01:02:15,110 --> 01:02:16,930
OK, għaliex dan huwa
ftit aktar kumplikata

1528
01:02:16,930 --> 01:02:18,520
milli kieku aħna qed tiftix
permezz ta 'firxa.

1529
01:02:18,520 --> 01:02:21,472
Nistgħu biss ħarsa lejn l-element żero,
element wieħed, element tnejn, blah, blah,

1530
01:02:21,472 --> 01:02:21,972
blah.

1531
01:02:21,972 --> 01:02:22,629

1532
01:02:22,629 --> 01:02:24,420
Jekk irridu tfittxija
permezz ta 'lista marbuta,

1533
01:02:24,420 --> 01:02:27,229
aħna'd attwalment ikollhom isegwu
dan labirint ftit ta pointers.

1534
01:02:27,229 --> 01:02:29,270
Mela ejja fil-fatt imorru
permezz ta 'dan verament malajr.

1535
01:02:29,270 --> 01:02:30,460

1536
01:02:30,460 --> 01:02:32,860
Dak li stajna nagħmlu fil
tordna to-- ejja ngħidu aħna

1537
01:02:32,860 --> 01:02:35,430
jridux biss jtenni permezz
lista marbuta kompletament tagħna.

1538
01:02:35,430 --> 01:02:37,450
Aħna se tibda fil-ras.

1539
01:02:37,450 --> 01:02:39,890
U mbagħad sabiex
jimxu lejn l-element li jmiss,

1540
01:02:39,890 --> 01:02:43,680
minflok sempliċiment inkrementazzjoni minn wieħed
bħal aħna jista fid għaddejjin permezz ta 'firxa,

1541
01:02:43,680 --> 01:02:45,720
aħna qed attwalment għaddejjin biex
isegwu l-pointer li jmiss,

1542
01:02:45,720 --> 01:02:48,360
hekk nistgħu nsibu fejn fil
memorja l-element li jmiss huwa.

1543
01:02:48,360 --> 01:02:49,357

1544
01:02:49,357 --> 01:02:51,690
So I know mhuwiex biżżejjed biex
tieħu dan kollu fl-dritt issa,

1545
01:02:51,690 --> 01:02:52,650
imma inti ser ikollok dawn pjastri.

1546
01:02:52,650 --> 01:02:54,730
Allura inti tista 'tmur permezz
dan ftit aktar bil-mod.

1547
01:02:54,730 --> 01:02:56,890
Imma essenzjalment, dak li rridu
tagħmel hu li ssegwi dawn pointers

1548
01:02:56,890 --> 01:02:58,550
permezz tal-intier tal-lista marbuta.

1549
01:02:58,550 --> 01:03:00,258
Allura din hija kwistjoni
inti tista 'tiġi mistoqsi.

1550
01:03:00,258 --> 01:03:01,920

1551
01:03:01,920 --> 01:03:03,980
>> Xi ħaġa li l-avviż ma
inserzjoni, ejja ngħidu

1552
01:03:03,980 --> 01:03:07,925
ridna li jitqiegħed element ġdid
fuq quddiem tal-lista marbuta tagħna.

1553
01:03:07,925 --> 01:03:10,800
Aħna rridu nkunu attenti ħafna
dwar l-ordni li bih aħna

1554
01:03:10,800 --> 01:03:12,760
assenjati mill-ġdid il-pointers.

1555
01:03:12,760 --> 01:03:15,230
Minħabba ejja ngħidu I biss qal OK.

1556
01:03:15,230 --> 01:03:18,930
Agħmel il-punt ras għal dan l-element ġdid.

1557
01:03:18,930 --> 01:03:23,550
Biss tagħmel dan punt 1 Imbagħad, konna
essenzjalment tilef il-bqija tal-lista tagħna,

1558
01:03:23,550 --> 01:03:25,860
minħabba I ma tiftakarx fejn 2 ħajjiet.

1559
01:03:25,860 --> 01:03:27,730
>> Hekk għandna nagħmlu fil-
ordni speċifika ħafna.

1560
01:03:27,730 --> 01:03:31,500
L-ewwel, nagħmlu l-ġdida
punt element lill-kap.

1561
01:03:31,500 --> 01:03:33,970
U allura aħna jagħmlu l-ras
punt li l-element ġdid.

1562
01:03:33,970 --> 01:03:38,455
Mela ejja ara dak li qisu
ma arrows-- biss bħal dik.

1563
01:03:38,455 --> 01:03:42,080
Allura inti l-ewwel ikollhom l-ġodda
punt element lill-kap qodma.

1564
01:03:42,080 --> 01:03:45,990
U issa, aħna għandna l-ras
punt li l-ewwel element ġdid.

1565
01:03:45,990 --> 01:03:47,187
Kwalunkwe mistoqsijiet ma 'dan?

1566
01:03:47,187 --> 01:03:49,870

1567
01:03:49,870 --> 01:03:54,350
>> OK hawn xi kodiċi mill-ġdid, xi ħaġa
li tħares lejn ftit aktar tard.

1568
01:03:54,350 --> 01:03:58,630
U issa I se imissu fuq lill Davin
għal GDB u xi ftit ta 'prattika

1569
01:03:58,630 --> 01:03:59,480
kodifikazzjoni fuq il-karta.

1570
01:03:59,480 --> 01:04:00,597

1571
01:04:00,597 --> 01:04:01,096
Beautiful.

1572
01:04:01,096 --> 01:04:01,810
>> ROB: U Rob.

1573
01:04:01,810 --> 01:04:02,360
>> HANNAH: Oh, Davin u Rob.

1574
01:04:02,360 --> 01:04:03,055
Jien sorry.

1575
01:04:03,055 --> 01:04:03,596
>> STUDENT: Woo!

1576
01:04:03,596 --> 01:04:08,140

1577
01:04:08,140 --> 01:04:09,110
>> ROB: Grazzi.

1578
01:04:09,110 --> 01:04:11,209
>> Davin: Tixtieq li tgħid
kollox reali malajr?

1579
01:04:11,209 --> 01:04:11,875
ROB: Yeah, yeah.

1580
01:04:11,875 --> 01:04:12,845
Davin: Ladarba jien up.

1581
01:04:12,845 --> 01:04:16,240

1582
01:04:16,240 --> 01:04:19,520
OK, filwaqt li Rob tpoġġi l-
mikrofonu fuq, hekk x'hemm GDB?

1583
01:04:19,520 --> 01:04:23,945
Kulħadd għandu raw GDB fil
klassi u wkoll ħinijiet tal-uffiċċju.

1584
01:04:23,945 --> 01:04:25,070
U inti għandek tkun tużaha.

1585
01:04:25,070 --> 01:04:25,750
Allura x'inhi GDB?

1586
01:04:25,750 --> 01:04:28,030

1587
01:04:28,030 --> 01:04:28,850
Kulmin?

1588
01:04:28,850 --> 01:04:29,540
>> STUDENT: Huwa debugger.

1589
01:04:29,540 --> 01:04:30,250
>> Davin: Huwa debugger.

1590
01:04:30,250 --> 01:04:31,624
U dak ma jippermettu li tagħmel?

1591
01:04:31,624 --> 01:04:33,064
Bħal, għaliex aħna simili GDB?

1592
01:04:33,064 --> 01:04:34,480
STUDENT: Biex tnikkirx l-programm.

1593
01:04:34,480 --> 01:04:36,740
Davin: Dritt, sabiex inti tista 'timxi
permezz dan bħal pass bniedem.

1594
01:04:36,740 --> 01:04:38,490
U iva, liema huma wħud
kmandi inti tista 'tagħmel?

1595
01:04:38,490 --> 01:04:40,407
Ukoll, waqfa huwa probabbilment
kmand favoriti tiegħek.

1596
01:04:40,407 --> 01:04:43,240
Minħabba li ihallik jiksru l-
programm u attwalment jimxu permezz ta 'dan

1597
01:04:43,240 --> 01:04:44,280
linja b'linja.

1598
01:04:44,280 --> 01:04:46,500
>> Run jippermettilek li run.

1599
01:04:46,500 --> 01:04:48,210
Sussegwentement, bħal titjib permezz.

1600
01:04:48,210 --> 01:04:49,820
X'inhu l-bejn jmiss u pass?

1601
01:04:49,820 --> 01:04:52,190

1602
01:04:52,190 --> 01:04:53,190
Stenna, jgħidu li out loud.

1603
01:04:53,190 --> 01:04:54,060
Hija kienet korretta.

1604
01:04:54,060 --> 01:04:55,280
>> STUDENT: [inaudible].

1605
01:04:55,280 --> 01:04:56,190
>> Davin: Iva, biża.

1606
01:04:56,190 --> 01:04:59,210
Allura simili, li jmiss u pass, jekk you're--
ejja ngħidu li għandek funzjoni inti

1607
01:04:59,210 --> 01:04:59,950
jiddefinixxu.

1608
01:04:59,950 --> 01:05:03,350
Ejja ngħidu xi wħud fil-funzjoni prinċipali tiegħek,
u int biss laqtu jmiss, li jmiss,

1609
01:05:03,350 --> 01:05:03,850
li jmiss.

1610
01:05:03,850 --> 01:05:05,910
Int fil-fatt se
tesegwixxi dik il-funzjoni,

1611
01:05:05,910 --> 01:05:07,285
imma int ser jaqbżu fuqha.

1612
01:05:07,285 --> 01:05:09,711
Jekk inti hit pass, jew
i jew kwalunkwe, int

1613
01:05:09,711 --> 01:05:11,460
ser attwalment jaqbżu
fis dik il-funzjoni,

1614
01:05:11,460 --> 01:05:14,110
u allura inti tista 'hit li jmiss
biex tara l-sejħiet differenti

1615
01:05:14,110 --> 01:05:16,170
ġewwa dik il-funzjoni partikolari.

1616
01:05:16,170 --> 01:05:16,670
Yeah?

1617
01:05:16,670 --> 01:05:18,670
>> STUDENT: Hemm mod
li jaqbżu, bħal, back out?

1618
01:05:18,670 --> 01:05:20,750
Davin: Finish, yeah,
finitura ma jaqbżu inti out.

1619
01:05:20,750 --> 01:05:22,570
Allura li għaddej biex jintemm dak
funzjoni, u allura int

1620
01:05:22,570 --> 01:05:24,153
se jkun lura fil-prinċipali, per eżempju.

1621
01:05:24,153 --> 01:05:25,250

1622
01:05:25,250 --> 01:05:27,370
Stampa se ipprintjaha darba.

1623
01:05:27,370 --> 01:05:29,381
Xi ħaġa I dejjem jużaw huwa display.

1624
01:05:29,381 --> 01:05:31,880
Display se ipprintjaha
kontinwament matul il-intier

1625
01:05:31,880 --> 01:05:32,470
tal-programm tiegħek.

1626
01:05:32,470 --> 01:05:33,810
>> Per eżempju, jekk int
fil għal loop, u int

1627
01:05:33,810 --> 01:05:37,018
trid tara kif xi ħaġa li qed dejjem jinbidlu,
u inti ma tridx li, bħal, b'mod kostanti

1628
01:05:37,018 --> 01:05:38,940
tkun qiegħda tagħmel bħal print,
istampar, stampar, turija

1629
01:05:38,940 --> 01:05:43,230
se display dak il-varjabbli
kontinwament, kull darba li inti hit Next.

1630
01:05:43,230 --> 01:05:44,310
U tkompli.

1631
01:05:44,310 --> 01:05:45,905
Allura GBD, li GDB.

1632
01:05:45,905 --> 01:05:47,160

1633
01:05:47,160 --> 01:05:49,180
>> STUDENT: X'hemm l-waħda
fejn inti [inaudible]?

1634
01:05:49,180 --> 01:05:50,150

1635
01:05:50,150 --> 01:05:50,900
Davin: X'inhu dan?

1636
01:05:50,900 --> 01:05:52,310

1637
01:05:52,310 --> 01:05:54,390
>> STUDENT: X'hemm the--
il-varjabbli lokali.

1638
01:05:54,390 --> 01:05:55,364

1639
01:05:55,364 --> 01:05:57,780
ROB: Hemm xi ħaġa fil-fatt
bħal lokal jew xi ħaġa.

1640
01:05:57,780 --> 01:05:58,140
I can't--

1641
01:05:58,140 --> 01:05:59,930
>> Davin: Jista 'jkun
xi ħaġa bħal dik, yeah.

1642
01:05:59,930 --> 01:06:00,830
>> HANNAH: Fil-lokal?

1643
01:06:00,830 --> 01:06:01,510
>> Davin: Li lilha.

1644
01:06:01,510 --> 01:06:02,134
Dik hija l-waħda.

1645
01:06:02,134 --> 01:06:03,040
ROB: Beautiful.

1646
01:06:03,040 --> 01:06:04,030
>> Davin: Yeah.

1647
01:06:04,030 --> 01:06:06,010
>> STUDENT: X'tagħmel tkompli tagħmel?

1648
01:06:06,010 --> 01:06:08,010
>> Davin: Hija continues-- hekk huwa biss
ser tkompli programmi tiegħek.

1649
01:06:08,010 --> 01:06:09,843
Mela jekk inti break u hit
tkompli, li għaddej

1650
01:06:09,843 --> 01:06:13,119
li biss run dak il-programm sal-
hits li break darb'oħra.

1651
01:06:13,119 --> 01:06:14,910
Hekk per eżempju, jekk inti
kissru fi funzjoni,

1652
01:06:14,910 --> 01:06:16,720
u int se do simili għal
loop jew xi ħaġa bħal dik,

1653
01:06:16,720 --> 01:06:19,869
u inti hit tkompli, li għaddej biex
tkompli u jmorru lura għal dak break.

1654
01:06:19,869 --> 01:06:22,660
Jew hemm ebda waqfa, li għaddej biex
tkompli u jispiċċaw il-programm.

1655
01:06:22,660 --> 01:06:25,000
>> ROB: Allura bħad waqfiet run
fl-ewwel breakpoint

1656
01:06:25,000 --> 01:06:27,010
inti hit, jekk inti mbagħad
hit tkompli, dan ser iżommu

1657
01:06:27,010 --> 01:06:28,070
għaddejjin sakemm huwa l-breakpoint jmiss.

1658
01:06:28,070 --> 01:06:30,111
U mbagħad tkompli se jmorru
għall-breakpoint jmiss.

1659
01:06:30,111 --> 01:06:31,264

1660
01:06:31,264 --> 01:06:32,680
Davin: Kwalunkwe mistoqsijiet oħra fuq GDB?

1661
01:06:32,680 --> 01:06:33,577

1662
01:06:33,577 --> 01:06:35,410
Hekk naħseb fil-passat,
konna mitluba x'għandek

1663
01:06:35,410 --> 01:06:37,690
GDB huwa u jagħti
Eżempju ta 'xi affarijiet li inti

1664
01:06:37,690 --> 01:06:40,770
tista 'tagħmel ma GDB, hekk
sempliċi reali, iżda yeah.

1665
01:06:40,770 --> 01:06:42,280
Hemm inti tmur.

1666
01:06:42,280 --> 01:06:43,250
U lymph?

1667
01:06:43,250 --> 01:06:49,571
>> ROB: Iva, hekk f'liema direzzjoni kien dan?

1668
01:06:49,571 --> 01:06:50,851

1669
01:06:50,851 --> 01:06:51,726
STUDENT: Li ma kien.

1670
01:06:51,726 --> 01:06:52,160
Davin: Stenna.

1671
01:06:52,160 --> 01:06:52,270
ROB: Dan Guy?

1672
01:06:52,270 --> 01:06:52,936
Davin: Li wieħed.

1673
01:06:52,936 --> 01:06:54,660
ROB: Dan Guy, oh, I ma jirrealizzaw.

1674
01:06:54,660 --> 01:06:56,940
Allura aħna ma kinux ċari
fuq dak the-- jien ma

1675
01:06:56,940 --> 01:06:58,680
taf min huwa was-- iżda l-kwistjoni.

1676
01:06:58,680 --> 01:07:01,180
Ma nafux eżattament dak li għandek
kienu tistaqsi dwar dan, hekk biss

1677
01:07:01,180 --> 01:07:04,800
biex tiċċara xi ħaġa.

1678
01:07:04,800 --> 01:07:07,750
Allura l-ewwel, bħal I said qabel,
typedef int dejjem jużaw biss

1679
01:07:07,750 --> 01:07:09,305
toħloq laqam għal tip.

1680
01:07:09,305 --> 01:07:13,420
Allura dritt hawn, il-laqam aħna qed
ħolqien huwa għal dan node Struct tip.

1681
01:07:13,420 --> 01:07:18,070
>> Allura l-ewwel, jinjora dan node fil-
typedef, għalhekk dan Struct kaboċċi node

1682
01:07:18,070 --> 01:07:21,060
Brace isfel għall kaboċċi jmiss
Brace hija t-tip node Struct.

1683
01:07:21,060 --> 01:07:23,470
U għandna bżonn li dik node
up hemm, għaliex aħna

1684
01:07:23,470 --> 01:07:25,190
bżonn biex referenza node fil hawn.

1685
01:07:25,190 --> 01:07:29,380
Allura ma 'dan it-tip ta Struct rikursivi,
ikollok bżonn tagħti dan Struct isem,

1686
01:07:29,380 --> 01:07:31,340
jew inkella inti ma setgħux
jgħidu node Struct fil hawn.

1687
01:07:31,340 --> 01:07:33,340
Billi qabel ma student
meta konna ittajpjat, I think,

1688
01:07:33,340 --> 01:07:35,423
aħna ma jkollhom jgħidu
student up hemm, għaliex aħna

1689
01:07:35,423 --> 01:07:40,370
ma jkollhom jgħidu Struct
student ġewwa l-Struct innifsu.

1690
01:07:40,370 --> 01:07:43,730
Allura huwa l-rikursivi li
forzi magħna biex jgħidu node hemmhekk.

1691
01:07:43,730 --> 01:07:46,610
>> Dan node huwa biss l-isem nkunu
tagħti node għall-typedef.

1692
01:07:46,610 --> 01:07:48,520
Allura li node mhuwiex
l-istess bħal dik node.

1693
01:07:48,520 --> 01:07:51,567
Iżda dan node Struct huwa l-
istess bħal dik node Struct.

1694
01:07:51,567 --> 01:07:54,150
Davin: Allura meta inti sejħa,
bħal, node fil-funzjoni prinċipali tiegħek,

1695
01:07:54,150 --> 01:07:55,350
int mhux ser
jkollhom jgħidu node Struct.

1696
01:07:55,350 --> 01:07:58,360
Inti tista 'biss jgħidu node, għaliex
node huwa different-- hija bażikament

1697
01:07:58,360 --> 01:07:59,440
int tgħid, OK.

1698
01:07:59,440 --> 01:08:01,490
Minflok ma jkollhom sejħa
node Struct fil-kodiċi tiegħi,

1699
01:08:01,490 --> 01:08:04,050
I biss jixtiequ semmi mill-ġdid
kif node biex tagħmilha aktar faċli.

1700
01:08:04,050 --> 01:08:06,800
>> ROB: Jekk inti dejjem
użu typedef, allura dan

1701
01:08:06,800 --> 01:08:11,240
huwa l-uniku post inti qed tmur biex ikollhom
li tiddikjara varjabbli node Struct

1702
01:08:11,240 --> 01:08:11,740
star, yeah.

1703
01:08:11,740 --> 01:08:14,650

1704
01:08:14,650 --> 01:08:20,801
>> Davin: OK, hekk l-aħħar parti
huwa diffiċli biex jgħallmu because--

1705
01:08:20,801 --> 01:08:22,185

1706
01:08:22,185 --> 01:08:22,685
ROB: What?

1707
01:08:22,685 --> 01:08:24,098

1708
01:08:24,098 --> 01:08:25,649
>> Davin: Għaliex dan huwa kodifikazzjoni fuq il-karta.

1709
01:08:25,649 --> 01:08:28,689
Allura kull sena għandna
kodiċi dwar kwistjonijiet tal-karta.

1710
01:08:28,689 --> 01:08:32,510
So I think aħħar sena, 12 minn
80 punti kienu kodiċi fuq il-karta.

1711
01:08:32,510 --> 01:08:36,720
Sena qabel dik, 10 minn 80,
sena qabel dik, 20 minn 100,

1712
01:08:36,720 --> 01:08:37,939
hekk pjuttost ftit ta 'dawn.

1713
01:08:37,939 --> 01:08:40,970
Allura int ser ikollhom biex ikunu jistgħu
għall-kodiċi up dawn il-funzjonijiet bl-idejn.

1714
01:08:40,970 --> 01:08:45,340
>> So I dehret nistgħu jmorru permezz ta '
ftit minnhom u tara kif in-nies jagħmlu,

1715
01:08:45,340 --> 01:08:47,340
tip ta 'walk permezz
minnhom bil-mod ma 'nies.

1716
01:08:47,340 --> 01:08:48,790

1717
01:08:48,790 --> 01:08:52,420
Allura ġenerali, strlen u
atoi kienu popolari ħafna.

1718
01:08:52,420 --> 01:08:55,670
Sena li għaddiet, I think kellna
GetPositiveInt u RandomInt.

1719
01:08:55,670 --> 01:08:58,591
Iżda Pow, għalhekk l-enerġija, ukoll
wieħed pożittiv wisq.

1720
01:08:58,591 --> 01:09:00,965
Ejja biss jgħaddu forsi
wieħed jew tnejn ta 'dawn flimkien.

1721
01:09:00,965 --> 01:09:02,510

1722
01:09:02,510 --> 01:09:03,729
What do nies trid tara?

1723
01:09:03,729 --> 01:09:05,037

1724
01:09:05,037 --> 01:09:05,767
>> STUDENT: Atoi.

1725
01:09:05,767 --> 01:09:06,350
STUDENT: Yeah.

1726
01:09:06,350 --> 01:09:06,859
Davin: Atoi?

1727
01:09:06,859 --> 01:09:07,800
STUDENT: [inaudible].

1728
01:09:07,800 --> 01:09:09,682
Davin: OK, jien ser
li tagħmel dan fuq il-bord.

1729
01:09:09,682 --> 01:09:11,765
Għandek preferenza
jekk nagħmel dan hawn jew hemm?

1730
01:09:11,765 --> 01:09:13,580

1731
01:09:13,580 --> 01:09:14,550
Hemm, Gabe jgħid hemmhekk.

1732
01:09:14,550 --> 01:09:16,729

1733
01:09:16,729 --> 01:09:19,580
>> ROB: U dan huwa ħsibijiet ġenerali
fuq dawn il-mistoqsijiet kodifikazzjoni.

1734
01:09:19,580 --> 01:09:21,705
Tipprova tikteb xi ħaġa.

1735
01:09:21,705 --> 01:09:22,580
Ma ħalliha vojta.

1736
01:09:22,580 --> 01:09:23,080
>> Davin: Iva.

1737
01:09:23,080 --> 01:09:25,520
ROB: Jekk inti tista 'tikseb l-
ritorn tip korrett,

1738
01:09:25,520 --> 01:09:27,090
jew forsi nistgħu jagħtu lill
inti, imma jekk inti tista ', bħal,

1739
01:09:27,090 --> 01:09:30,256
tikteb il-firma funzjoni ġenerali,
Jekk inti tista 'tikseb l-każijiet bażi korretta,

1740
01:09:30,256 --> 01:09:32,244
jew każijiet kantuniera, jew
ftakar kontroll għall null,

1741
01:09:32,244 --> 01:09:34,160
sakemm ikollok xi
affarijiet, allura forsi aħna

1742
01:09:34,160 --> 01:09:35,880
jista 'jtik koppja
punti għall-problema.

1743
01:09:35,880 --> 01:09:36,810
Ma biss ħalliha vojta.

1744
01:09:36,810 --> 01:09:38,560
>> Davin: Iva, u jekk inti
huma biss kompletament

1745
01:09:38,560 --> 01:09:40,580
stumped lejn kif
attwalment jduru fis-kodiċi.

1746
01:09:40,580 --> 01:09:43,140
Jekk tikteb pseudocode,
li pjuttost tajba wisq.

1747
01:09:43,140 --> 01:09:46,390
Allura huwa simili, huwa ta 'sitt punt mistoqsija,
u tikteb l-pseudocode korretta,

1748
01:09:46,390 --> 01:09:47,858
int ser tingħata mill-inqas żewġ punti.

1749
01:09:47,858 --> 01:09:49,149
Allura ma biss jħallu lilhom vojta.

1750
01:09:49,149 --> 01:09:50,279
Tipprova tpoġġi xi ħaġa.

1751
01:09:50,279 --> 01:09:51,770
>> ROB: Jeħtieġ li jkun l-
pseudocode korretta, għalkemm.

1752
01:09:51,770 --> 01:09:52,270
>> Davin: Iva.

1753
01:09:52,270 --> 01:09:55,381
ROB: Allura aħna ġeneralment huma inqas
klementi ma bugs fil pseudocode.

1754
01:09:55,381 --> 01:09:57,130
Davin: OK, sabiex inti guys
riedu jaraw atoi.

1755
01:09:57,130 --> 01:09:58,480

1756
01:09:58,480 --> 01:10:02,820
OK, hekk biss really--
hekk dak li inti trid tagħmel

1757
01:10:02,820 --> 01:10:04,969
huwa int ser tkun
minħabba xi tip ta 'numru.

1758
01:10:04,969 --> 01:10:07,010
Iżda dan in-numru mhuwiex
se tkun int, right?

1759
01:10:07,010 --> 01:10:08,574
X'hemm dan se jkun?

1760
01:10:08,574 --> 01:10:09,480
>> STUDENT: [inaudible].

1761
01:10:09,480 --> 01:10:11,146
>> Davin: Huwa ser tkun string, id-dritt?

1762
01:10:11,146 --> 01:10:13,160
Mela jekk inti kienu mogħtija
a string-- ejja say--

1763
01:10:13,160 --> 01:10:15,228
>> ROB: Għandi pull up editur?

1764
01:10:15,228 --> 01:10:16,200
I jistgħu jiġbdu up--

1765
01:10:16,200 --> 01:10:16,800
>> Davin: Oh, inti tixtieq li tagħmel dan on--

1766
01:10:16,800 --> 01:10:17,420
>> ROB: Would you jippreferu l-bord?

1767
01:10:17,420 --> 01:10:18,800
>> Davin: What do inti tixtieq li tagħmel?

1768
01:10:18,800 --> 01:10:19,900
I mean, do inti tixtieq li tagħmel dan bl-idejn?

1769
01:10:19,900 --> 01:10:21,460
Jew inti tixtieq li tagħmel dan permezz ta 'kompjuter?

1770
01:10:21,460 --> 01:10:22,180
>> ROB: Jagħmlu dan bl-idejn.

1771
01:10:22,180 --> 01:10:22,805
>> Davin: [Laughs]

1772
01:10:22,805 --> 01:10:23,950
ROB: Jagħmlu dan bl-idejn.

1773
01:10:23,950 --> 01:10:25,469
>> Davin: OK, hekk li għaddej biex tkun atoi.

1774
01:10:25,469 --> 01:10:27,760
Allura x'hemm it-- I mean, aħna ser
probabbilment jagħti dan lilek.

1775
01:10:27,760 --> 01:10:29,106
Imma x'inhu li għaddej biex jirritorna?

1776
01:10:29,106 --> 01:10:29,452
>> STUDENT: Int.

1777
01:10:29,452 --> 01:10:31,076
>> Davin: Huwa ser jirritorna int, right?

1778
01:10:31,076 --> 01:10:33,772
So-- Ma rridx li tagħmel dan hemmhekk.

1779
01:10:33,772 --> 01:10:34,510
I ser tagħmel dan hawn.

1780
01:10:34,510 --> 01:10:36,596
>> ROB: Tista 'pull isfel
u imbagħad imbotta up fuqha.

1781
01:10:36,596 --> 01:10:38,500

1782
01:10:38,500 --> 01:10:40,385
>> Davin: yeah.

1783
01:10:40,385 --> 01:10:43,880
[Laughs] Game bidla.

1784
01:10:43,880 --> 01:10:50,950
OK, hekk li għaddej biex tkun atoi INT,
u dak li huwa għaddej biex tieħu?

1785
01:10:50,950 --> 01:10:52,180

1786
01:10:52,180 --> 01:10:57,780
A star char, hekk biss
spag, star i, bħal dik.

1787
01:10:57,780 --> 01:10:59,240
>> ROB: star Nizza, sbieħ.

1788
01:10:59,240 --> 01:11:02,582

1789
01:11:02,582 --> 01:11:04,040
Davin: Dan ma jista 'jkun hemm, OK.

1790
01:11:04,040 --> 01:11:04,540
ROB: Yeah.

1791
01:11:04,540 --> 01:11:06,670
Davin: OK, hekk l-ewwel
ħaġa li trid do-- I

1792
01:11:06,670 --> 01:11:08,490
ma nafx jekk xi ħadd ħares
fil-solutions-- prattika

1793
01:11:08,490 --> 01:11:10,150
imma dak li int ser
li trid tagħmel hu li int

1794
01:11:10,150 --> 01:11:11,570
tmur jridu jkollhom
loop, għax int

1795
01:11:11,570 --> 01:11:14,100
tmur jridu attwalment
pass permezz din is-sekwenza.

1796
01:11:14,100 --> 01:11:18,880
Mela helpful-- hekk ejja ngħidu
aħna qed tmur lil għat loop,

1797
01:11:18,880 --> 01:11:22,270
u aħna qed tmur biex pass permezz
kull element tas-sekwenza.

1798
01:11:22,270 --> 01:11:23,470
Kemm huwa twil li?

1799
01:11:23,470 --> 01:11:26,464
Kif ħafna drabi aħna se
li jtenni f'dik għal loop?

1800
01:11:26,464 --> 01:11:27,130
STUDENT: Sterln?

1801
01:11:27,130 --> 01:11:27,963
Davin: Sterln, yeah.

1802
01:11:27,963 --> 01:11:29,350

1803
01:11:29,350 --> 01:11:41,294
Mela ejja ngħidu tul int ugwali sterln s.

1804
01:11:41,294 --> 01:11:44,240

1805
01:11:44,240 --> 01:11:48,740
U sempliċiment kurjuż, għaliex hi dejjem tip
ta 'aħjar biex tagħmel dan barra tal-linji?

1806
01:11:48,740 --> 01:11:52,277
Bħal, għaliex huwa aħjar li sejħa
din il-funzjoni barra ta 'linja?

1807
01:11:52,277 --> 01:11:53,360
Just a quick sanità check?

1808
01:11:53,360 --> 01:11:55,810

1809
01:11:55,810 --> 01:11:56,311
Yeah?

1810
01:11:56,311 --> 01:11:58,268
STUDENT: Allura inti ma
għandhom iżommu jikkontrollah.

1811
01:11:58,268 --> 01:11:59,400
Tista 'biss [inaudible].

1812
01:11:59,400 --> 01:12:01,560
>> Davin: Eżattament, hekk yeah,
eżattament dak li qalet.

1813
01:12:01,560 --> 01:12:03,101
Allura aħna ma jkollhomx biex iżommu jikkontrollah.

1814
01:12:03,101 --> 01:12:05,690
Hekk per eżempju, jekk jien ssejjaħ
din il-funzjoni ġewwa loop,

1815
01:12:05,690 --> 01:12:08,050
allura jien ser iżommu ssejjaħ
din il-funzjoni multipli darbiet.

1816
01:12:08,050 --> 01:12:10,080
U li għaddej biex jonqsu
l-effiċjenza tal-programm tiegħek.

1817
01:12:10,080 --> 01:12:12,370
Allura huwa dejjem utli
li tiddikjaraha barra.

1818
01:12:12,370 --> 01:12:14,370
>> ROB: Li qal, fuq
kwalunkwe minn dawn il-problemi,

1819
01:12:14,370 --> 01:12:17,940
pretty ħafna sakemm inti tikseb
soluzzjoni operattiva, ikollok kreditu sħiħa.

1820
01:12:17,940 --> 01:12:20,820
So tinkwetax jekk disinn tiegħek
huwa assolutament orribbli.

1821
01:12:20,820 --> 01:12:22,120

1822
01:12:22,120 --> 01:12:25,230
Jista 'jagħmel magħna mqalleb
qari kodiċi tiegħek.

1823
01:12:25,230 --> 01:12:28,160
Iżda sakemm taħdem,
int ser tingħata l-punti.

1824
01:12:28,160 --> 01:12:29,302
>> Davin: Iva.

1825
01:12:29,302 --> 01:12:31,260
OK, hekk allura jien ser
tiddikjara xi varjabbli.

1826
01:12:31,260 --> 01:12:33,900
Huwa biss ser sejħa somma int.

1827
01:12:33,900 --> 01:12:37,031
U jien ser jistabbilixxu dan
ugwali għal żero, bħal dik.

1828
01:12:37,031 --> 01:12:38,780
U li jinsab biss għaddej
li jkun placeholder.

1829
01:12:38,780 --> 01:12:40,960
Allura li għaddej biex tkun
dak li jien ser jirritorna.

1830
01:12:40,960 --> 01:12:43,730
Hekk jien ser eventwalment
ritorn somma minn dan il-programm.

1831
01:12:43,730 --> 01:12:44,980
So I jkollhom dawn iż-żewġ varjabbli.

1832
01:12:44,980 --> 01:12:45,563
Għandi tul.

1833
01:12:45,563 --> 01:12:46,500
Għandi somma.

1834
01:12:46,500 --> 01:12:48,290
U issa ejja jaqbżu fis string tagħna.

1835
01:12:48,290 --> 01:12:49,510
>> Allura tikri għandhom tagħna għal loop.

1836
01:12:49,510 --> 01:13:06,520
So erba int I ikun egwali għal 0 w, filwaqt li
I huwa inqas mit-tul I plus plus.

1837
01:13:06,520 --> 01:13:07,150
U now--

1838
01:13:07,150 --> 01:13:10,920

1839
01:13:10,920 --> 01:13:11,420
ROB: Nizza.

1840
01:13:11,420 --> 01:13:14,030
Davin: OK, u issa hawn
taqa 'l-laħam tal-kodiċi tagħna.

1841
01:13:14,030 --> 01:13:17,380
Allura inti tista 'attwalment tagħmel
din il-linja bażikament wieħed.

1842
01:13:17,380 --> 01:13:20,702
Allura ħadd ma jkollu idea
ta 'dak li aħna qed tmur biex tagħmel wara?

1843
01:13:20,702 --> 01:13:23,680

1844
01:13:23,680 --> 01:13:25,380
OK, b'tali mod li OK.

1845
01:13:25,380 --> 01:13:35,860
Allura aħna qed tagħmel ngħid somma equals--
let me scoot din is-somma over--

1846
01:13:35,860 --> 01:13:50,010
ugwali ħinijiet somma 10 plus-- aħna qed
ser jieħdu s I nieqes wieħed

1847
01:13:50,010 --> 01:13:54,787
kwotazzjoni kwotazzjoni 0 wieħed isir, bħal dik.

1848
01:13:54,787 --> 01:13:55,620
ROB: intuwittivi ħafna.

1849
01:13:55,620 --> 01:13:56,980

1850
01:13:56,980 --> 01:13:57,880
>> Davin: Imfarrak dan.

1851
01:13:57,880 --> 01:14:01,438
OK, hekk someone-- I ltqajna, I ltqajna.

1852
01:14:01,438 --> 01:14:03,680

1853
01:14:03,680 --> 01:14:06,960
OK, għalhekk dan huwa b'mod ċar jogħla.

1854
01:14:06,960 --> 01:14:08,320

1855
01:14:08,320 --> 01:14:09,450
Xi jfisser dan?

1856
01:14:09,450 --> 01:14:12,120
Allura ma xi ħadd jaf liema dan ifisser?

1857
01:14:12,120 --> 01:14:13,826
Jista kulħadd tara dan?

1858
01:14:13,826 --> 01:14:16,088
Le, ħadd ma jista 'jara dan, OK.

1859
01:14:16,088 --> 01:14:17,390

1860
01:14:17,390 --> 01:14:18,340
Jien ser to--

1861
01:14:18,340 --> 01:14:20,506
>> ROB: jien ser jikteb l-
formula biss id-dritt hawn.

1862
01:14:20,506 --> 01:14:23,140
Davin: OK, Rob għaddej biex tagħmel dan
fuq il-kompjuter, li huwa divertenti.

1863
01:14:23,140 --> 01:14:26,889

1864
01:14:26,889 --> 01:14:27,514
ROB: Oh Alla tiegħi.

1865
01:14:27,514 --> 01:14:34,340

1866
01:14:34,340 --> 01:14:35,010
Jew jien mhux ser.

1867
01:14:35,010 --> 01:14:36,288

1868
01:14:36,288 --> 01:14:36,954
Davin: Stand-by.

1869
01:14:36,954 --> 01:14:42,300

1870
01:14:42,300 --> 01:14:44,260
STUDENT: Għandi mistoqsija.

1871
01:14:44,260 --> 01:14:45,348
Davin: Yeah, żgur.

1872
01:14:45,348 --> 01:14:46,223
STUDENT: [inaudible]?

1873
01:14:46,223 --> 01:14:52,529

1874
01:14:52,529 --> 01:14:54,570
Davin: OK, hekk fil-fatt,
bħal, biss b'mod ġenerali,

1875
01:14:54,570 --> 01:14:56,710
jekk ġejt biex tpoġġi, bħal,
f'dan int dikjarazzjoni

1876
01:14:56,710 --> 01:14:59,770
I ugwali tul 0 virgola
ugwali sterln, that--

1877
01:14:59,770 --> 01:15:01,200
>> STUDENT: [inaudible].

1878
01:15:01,200 --> 01:15:03,585
>> Davin: Dik il-multa, minħabba that--

1879
01:15:03,585 --> 01:15:05,543
STUDENT: Għaliex kieku inti
anki bżonn tuża tul?

1880
01:15:05,543 --> 01:15:08,620
Għaliex ma nistgħu biss [inaudible] sterln
i, bħall-ħin kollu [inaudible]?

1881
01:15:08,620 --> 01:15:09,460
>> Davin: You tfisser dritt hawn?

1882
01:15:09,460 --> 01:15:10,001
>> STUDENT: Iva.

1883
01:15:10,001 --> 01:15:12,630
Davin: Minħabba li kull
żmien dan għal runs loop,

1884
01:15:12,630 --> 01:15:14,295
li għaddej biex tevalwa din il-kundizzjoni.

1885
01:15:14,295 --> 01:15:14,920
STUDENT: Dritt.

1886
01:15:14,920 --> 01:15:16,836
Davin: U jekk għandek
sterln hemm, allura huwa

1887
01:15:16,836 --> 01:15:19,510
ser ikollhom attwalment sejħa
dik il-funzjoni kull wieħed ħin.

1888
01:15:19,510 --> 01:15:21,090
Allura minflok sempliċiment
jitqabbel ma 'int,

1889
01:15:21,090 --> 01:15:23,548
int ser tkun sejħa
funzjoni u mbagħad jitqabbel

1890
01:15:23,548 --> 01:15:24,510
għall-valur tar-ritorn.

1891
01:15:24,510 --> 01:15:25,860
Yeah, dan huwa biss, yeah.

1892
01:15:25,860 --> 01:15:28,860

1893
01:15:28,860 --> 01:15:30,770
>> Nizza, OK, hekk issa kulħadd jista 'jara dan.

1894
01:15:30,770 --> 01:15:33,400
X'inhi does-- dan huwa simili, dan huwa minnu.

1895
01:15:33,400 --> 01:15:34,580
Dan huwa l-ġamm, dritt hawn.

1896
01:15:34,580 --> 01:15:37,030

1897
01:15:37,030 --> 01:15:37,930
Dak ma jfisser?

1898
01:15:37,930 --> 01:15:39,250

1899
01:15:39,250 --> 01:15:39,970
What am I tagħmel?

1900
01:15:39,970 --> 01:15:41,890

1901
01:15:41,890 --> 01:15:42,880
Yeah, idea?

1902
01:15:42,880 --> 01:15:43,482
Yeah?

1903
01:15:43,482 --> 01:15:45,692
>> STUDENT: Well, hekk meta
int jidħlu firxa,

1904
01:15:45,692 --> 01:15:47,525
int ser jkunu għaddejjin
mix-xellug għal-lemin,

1905
01:15:47,525 --> 01:15:51,786
hekk int ser jkunu għaddejjin fil
deċimali 'l isfel fil- [inaudible].

1906
01:15:51,786 --> 01:15:52,410
Davin: Eżattament.

1907
01:15:52,410 --> 01:15:55,063
STUDENT: Allura kull wieħed
inti għandek jimmultiplikaw

1908
01:15:55,063 --> 01:15:59,490
dak li inti raw bħala l-valur tal-int minn
il-ħin ikollok biex jimxu li aktar minn wieħed.

1909
01:15:59,490 --> 01:16:01,590
>> Davin: Perfect, perfetta,
hekk per eżempju, ejja

1910
01:16:01,590 --> 01:16:05,376
ngħid I taw you-- jien
ser jikteb hawn fuq.

1911
01:16:05,376 --> 01:16:06,480
Le, jien ma.

1912
01:16:06,480 --> 01:16:08,640
Jien ser jikteb hawn fuq.

1913
01:16:08,640 --> 01:16:12,080
Ejja ngħidu I taw inti 76, id-dritt?

1914
01:16:12,080 --> 01:16:13,380
Ejja ngħidu I jagħtuk 76.

1915
01:16:13,380 --> 01:16:15,360
C'est string biex jibdew, OK?

1916
01:16:15,360 --> 01:16:16,840
>> Allura tul huwa dak?

1917
01:16:16,840 --> 01:16:18,060

1918
01:16:18,060 --> 01:16:19,060
2, id-dritt?

1919
01:16:19,060 --> 01:16:20,290
Somma hija 0.

1920
01:16:20,290 --> 01:16:21,600
Allura aħna Mur fil tagħna għall loop.

1921
01:16:21,600 --> 01:16:24,187
OK, l-ewwel iterazzjoni ta
dan, dak li huwa għaddej biex tkun?

1922
01:16:24,187 --> 01:16:25,270
Li għaddej biex tkun somma hija 0.

1923
01:16:25,270 --> 01:16:27,180
Allura qosor ħinijiet 10 0.

1924
01:16:27,180 --> 01:16:28,500
C'est sens.

1925
01:16:28,500 --> 01:16:29,880
Allura dak ma dan jagħmlu?

1926
01:16:29,880 --> 01:16:30,845

1927
01:16:30,845 --> 01:16:31,720
STUDENT: [inaudible].

1928
01:16:31,720 --> 01:16:33,110

1929
01:16:33,110 --> 01:16:37,430
>> Davin: Huwa ser dawran li
karattru fi integer, id-dritt?

1930
01:16:37,430 --> 01:16:42,160
Huwa tip ta 'bħal ma tiegħek
problema set-- dan light--

1931
01:16:42,160 --> 01:16:44,170
Huwa tip ta 'bħal ma
problema stabbiliti biex Visioneer.

1932
01:16:44,170 --> 01:16:45,980
Int jittrattaw valuri ASCII.

1933
01:16:45,980 --> 01:16:48,520
Hekk jekk I jagħtuk, bħal, a
seba ', imma hija karattru,

1934
01:16:48,520 --> 01:16:50,965
u inti trid tkun taf,
OK, dak ċifri huwa li?

1935
01:16:50,965 --> 01:16:53,540

1936
01:16:53,540 --> 01:16:54,910
Yeah, inti tista ', yeah.

1937
01:16:54,910 --> 01:16:55,900
Allura dak ċifra hija li?

1938
01:16:55,900 --> 01:16:59,550
Inti tista naqqas 0 minnha, imma int
għandek naqqas 0, il-karattru.

1939
01:16:59,550 --> 01:17:01,425
>> U fejn xi nies
nikseb tripped, dawn qed

1940
01:17:01,425 --> 01:17:04,260
simili, OK, ukoll, għandi taf
il-valuri ASCII għal dan il-kwizz?

1941
01:17:04,260 --> 01:17:06,218
Le, inti żgur ma
jeħtieġ li tkun taf l-ASCII

1942
01:17:06,218 --> 01:17:09,520
valuri ta ', bħal, zghar
a, uppercase A, żero.

1943
01:17:09,520 --> 01:17:12,060
>> ROB: M'hemm l-ebda raġuni li qatt
tpoġġi dan fuq il-folja iqarrqu.

1944
01:17:12,060 --> 01:17:14,226
>> Davin: Żgur ma
iskart ispazju tiegħek ma 'dan.

1945
01:17:14,226 --> 01:17:18,090
Inti tista literally-- biss minflok
ta 'tgħid 48, bħal dritt up

1946
01:17:18,090 --> 01:17:24,630
hemm, li huwa ekwivalenti għal
qal wieħed, apostrophe wieħed,

1947
01:17:24,630 --> 01:17:27,680
bħal dik, eżattament l-istess.

1948
01:17:27,680 --> 01:17:34,106
>> ROB: Inti tista 'kważi taħseb
tal bħala if-- Alla, I bżonn tiegħi,

1949
01:17:34,106 --> 01:17:37,490
oops-- inti tista 'kważi jaħsbu li
kif jekk ikollna xi ħaġa bħal dik hash

1950
01:17:37,490 --> 01:17:39,755
jiddefinixxu 0 hekk kif 48.

1951
01:17:39,755 --> 01:17:41,320

1952
01:17:41,320 --> 01:17:42,030
Li mhux se taħdem.

1953
01:17:42,030 --> 01:17:45,502
Imma naħseb li bħala kwotazzjoni waħda 0
kwotazzjoni waħda, u għall-karattri kollha.

1954
01:17:45,502 --> 01:17:47,960
Jaħsbu li bħala kostanti li
tirrappreżenta dak il-valur ASCII.

1955
01:17:47,960 --> 01:17:49,080
>> Davin: Iva.

1956
01:17:49,080 --> 01:17:52,820
OK, hekk l-ewwel darba permezz, hekk
bil 76-- hekk l-ewwel darba permezz,

1957
01:17:52,820 --> 01:17:57,260
dan huwa biss il-karattru
7 nieqes il-karattru 0,

1958
01:17:57,260 --> 01:18:00,420
u dawk huma seba
integers-- ukoll, dawk

1959
01:18:00,420 --> 01:18:04,030
huma seba spazji bogħod minn kull
oħra fuq il-karta ASCII jew ikun x'ikun.

1960
01:18:04,030 --> 01:18:06,770
Allura li għaddej biex jirritorna l int tas-7.

1961
01:18:06,770 --> 01:18:08,720
Allura issa, somma ugwali 7.

1962
01:18:08,720 --> 01:18:10,830
>> OK, ukoll, ejja jaqbżu
fis dan għal loop darb'oħra.

1963
01:18:10,830 --> 01:18:13,010
OK, issa huwa somma ħinijiet 10.

1964
01:18:13,010 --> 01:18:15,800
Hekk int effettivament
jiċċaqalqu l-7 lejn ix-xellug.

1965
01:18:15,800 --> 01:18:17,542
Ma li jagħmel sens?

1966
01:18:17,542 --> 01:18:19,250
Inti effettiv
jmexxuh lejn ix-xellug.

1967
01:18:19,250 --> 01:18:21,790
>> U allura inti add-- dan
se jkun 6 nieqes 0.

1968
01:18:21,790 --> 01:18:22,650
C'est 6.

1969
01:18:22,650 --> 01:18:24,752
Allura li għaddej biex tkun ta '70 plus 6.

1970
01:18:24,752 --> 01:18:25,996
76, li l-numru tiegħek.

1971
01:18:25,996 --> 01:18:28,370
Allura irrispettivament minn liema numru
I taw inti, huwa bil-mod biss

1972
01:18:28,370 --> 01:18:31,610
ser ċċaqlaq il-valuri akbar
lejn ix-xellug, 1 b'fattur ta '10

1973
01:18:31,610 --> 01:18:35,525
kull darba fil-għall-loop,
u mbagħad żid fuq kif meħtieġ.

1974
01:18:35,525 --> 01:18:37,350

1975
01:18:37,350 --> 01:18:37,865
>> Fid-dahar?

1976
01:18:37,865 --> 01:18:40,240
STUDENT: Aħna ma jkollhom jagħmlu
kwalunkwe verifika fil-programm?

1977
01:18:40,240 --> 01:18:41,580

1978
01:18:41,580 --> 01:18:44,302
>> ROB: Allura safejn iċċekkjar
tmur għall-programm,

1979
01:18:44,302 --> 01:18:46,510
aħna se jgħidlek pretty
ħafna dak li għandek bżonn biex jiċċekkjaw.

1980
01:18:46,510 --> 01:18:48,670
Jekk aħna ma jgħidlek
xejn, allura ġeneralment

1981
01:18:48,670 --> 01:18:50,320
jassumi inti għandek tiċċekkja aktar affarijiet.

1982
01:18:50,320 --> 01:18:54,772
Bħal inti tista, biss sabiex ikunu sikuri, inti
għandhom probabbilment check ħej, huwa null s?

1983
01:18:54,772 --> 01:18:56,230
Imbagħad Għandi l-ebda idea dak li jirritornaw.

1984
01:18:56,230 --> 01:18:58,814
Imma aħna se jgħidlek
dan it-tip ta 'ħaġa.

1985
01:18:58,814 --> 01:18:59,480
0, I do not know.

1986
01:18:59,480 --> 01:19:02,786
>> Davin: U għaliex kieku inti tixtieq
sabiex terġa tiġi ċċekkjata jekk i ugwali null?

1987
01:19:02,786 --> 01:19:03,660
STUDENT: [inaudible].

1988
01:19:03,660 --> 01:19:04,880
Davin: Minħabba star char.

1989
01:19:04,880 --> 01:19:05,510
Huwa pointer.

1990
01:19:05,510 --> 01:19:09,240
Allura perfettament aċċettabbli
dikjarazzjoni, nista 'ngħid, OK,

1991
01:19:09,240 --> 01:19:11,917
i ugwali null, minħabba li
jista 'jkun pointer li nulla.

1992
01:19:11,917 --> 01:19:14,250
Allura meta għandek pointers
fil-path tiegħek bħal dan,

1993
01:19:14,250 --> 01:19:15,420
inti għandek probabbilment check.

1994
01:19:15,420 --> 01:19:18,461
Għaliex jekk inti ma tivverifika li, u
allura inti mbagħad tmur fis tiegħek għall-loop,

1995
01:19:18,461 --> 01:19:20,100
u int doing-- scoot isfel.

1996
01:19:20,100 --> 01:19:21,980

1997
01:19:21,980 --> 01:19:22,920
Scoot isfel.

1998
01:19:22,920 --> 01:19:23,860
>> ROB: Jiddispjacini, thats it.

1999
01:19:23,860 --> 01:19:25,860
>> Davin: U għalhekk, simili, jekk
huwa null, u allura inti

2000
01:19:25,860 --> 01:19:28,267
tagħmel dan, dak l-iżball
huma inti se tikseb?

2001
01:19:28,267 --> 01:19:29,850
STUDENT: Inti qed tmur tikseb tort sett.

2002
01:19:29,850 --> 01:19:31,250
Davin: Inti qed tmur biex jistabbilixxu
tort, id-dritt, għax int

2003
01:19:31,250 --> 01:19:32,616
jippruvaw indiċi fis null.

2004
01:19:32,616 --> 01:19:35,240
Allura inti qed tmur biex tipprova indiċi
fil-memorja li inti ma stess.

2005
01:19:35,240 --> 01:19:39,550
Allura dan, jekk dan huwa null, u
inti tagħmel dan, inti ser ċiklu.

2006
01:19:39,550 --> 01:19:43,656
>> ROB: I think wkoll fuq l-eżami li fih
staqsejna din il-mistoqsija, aħna jgħidlek

2007
01:19:43,656 --> 01:19:45,655
li inti tista 'biss tassumi
huwa numru pożittiv.

2008
01:19:45,655 --> 01:19:48,270
Minħabba atoi huwa mistenni wkoll
biex jimmaniġġaw numri negattivi,

2009
01:19:48,270 --> 01:19:49,686
hekk inti jkollha każ speċjali.

2010
01:19:49,686 --> 01:19:53,080
Ħej, hija l-ewwel karattru
sing, f'liema każ, OK,

2011
01:19:53,080 --> 01:19:54,839
issa huwa numru sħiħ negattiv.

2012
01:19:54,839 --> 01:19:56,380
Aħna ser jgħidlek dawn it-tipi ta 'affarijiet.

2013
01:19:56,380 --> 01:19:58,005
Aħna ser jgħidlek dak li għandek bżonn biex jimmaniġġaw.

2014
01:19:58,005 --> 01:19:59,310
Davin: Iva.

2015
01:19:59,310 --> 01:20:02,530
Hekk jien ċert xi nies jistgħu have--
jekk bdejt tħares lejn eżamijiet qodma,

2016
01:20:02,530 --> 01:20:03,900
inti stajt tidher sterln.

2017
01:20:03,900 --> 01:20:05,120
C'est waħda popolari.

2018
01:20:05,120 --> 01:20:09,790
U naħseb fil sterln, kellek biex
tagħmel din il-verifika għall nulla, ir-ritorn

2019
01:20:09,790 --> 01:20:10,950
0 jew xi ħaġa bħal dik.

2020
01:20:10,950 --> 01:20:11,940
Bħal, kellek biex jiċċekkja għal null.

2021
01:20:11,940 --> 01:20:14,230
U jekk inti ma, li
kien punt off fuq il-kwizz.

2022
01:20:14,230 --> 01:20:16,750

2023
01:20:16,750 --> 01:20:19,500
Allura xorta, ma kulħadd
jħossu OK ma atoi?

2024
01:20:19,500 --> 01:20:21,112

2025
01:20:21,112 --> 01:20:22,820
Ma xi ħadd tixtieq li
jmorru fuq partijiet mill-ġdid?

2026
01:20:22,820 --> 01:20:23,815

2027
01:20:23,815 --> 01:20:25,565
ROB: Oh yeah, I think
aħna wkoll jgħidlek int

2028
01:20:25,565 --> 01:20:28,565
jista 'jassumi li kollox is-- li
dawn qed attwalment jidħlu numru,

2029
01:20:28,565 --> 01:20:32,821
li inti ma għandekx għalfejn tinkwieta dwar,
bħal, ittri li jkunu fis-sekwenza, hekk.

2030
01:20:32,821 --> 01:20:33,320
Davin: Yeah.

2031
01:20:33,320 --> 01:20:33,922
Iva?

2032
01:20:33,922 --> 01:20:35,713
STUDENT: Tista 'tmur
matul wieħed aktar ħin meta

2033
01:20:35,713 --> 01:20:37,860
tuża kwotazzjoni doppja u kwotazzjoni waħda?

2034
01:20:37,860 --> 01:20:41,290
>> Davin: Sure, hekk kwotazzjonijiet doppja, ħafna
sempliċement, hija kwotazzjonijiet doppja huma kordi.

2035
01:20:41,290 --> 01:20:43,370
Mela jekk inti doppja quote
xejn, li l-string.

2036
01:20:43,370 --> 01:20:48,270
Allura, bħal, jekk I kellha din 0 hawn fuq,
u Jien għamilt dan, li l-string.

2037
01:20:48,270 --> 01:20:50,060
Li m'għadux karattru.

2038
01:20:50,060 --> 01:20:54,816
So I ma tistax issib dan il-valur fuq ASCII tiegħi
chart, għaliex dan huwa string, yeah.

2039
01:20:54,816 --> 01:20:57,770

2040
01:20:57,770 --> 01:20:59,480
>> OK, xi mistoqsijiet oħra?

2041
01:20:59,480 --> 01:21:00,405
Iva?

2042
01:21:00,405 --> 01:21:02,345
>> STUDENT: Allura inti ħadthom
diġà wieġeb din,

2043
01:21:02,345 --> 01:21:05,255
iżda bħal, meta aħna qed attwalment
bil-miktub dan fuq l-kwizz,

2044
01:21:05,255 --> 01:21:08,165
tridu li ahna ma tikteb
slashes zeroes [inaudible]?

2045
01:21:08,165 --> 01:21:11,041

2046
01:21:11,041 --> 01:21:11,540
Davin: No

2047
01:21:11,540 --> 01:21:13,800
Il-kwistjoni kienet għandek
tpoġġi slash permezz tal-żerijiet

2048
01:21:13,800 --> 01:21:14,890
biex jindikaw jekk dawn qed żerijiet?

2049
01:21:14,890 --> 01:21:15,890
Le, aħna ser figura hija out.

2050
01:21:15,890 --> 01:21:16,940

2051
01:21:16,940 --> 01:21:19,530
Yeah, grazzi, dawn qed tajba.

2052
01:21:19,530 --> 01:21:20,860
OK, xi ħaġa oħra?

2053
01:21:20,860 --> 01:21:25,060
Ma xi ħadd tixtieq to-- so I think
konna run ftit matul iż-żmien.

2054
01:21:25,060 --> 01:21:27,305
Do inti tixtieq li tara xulxin, jew?

2055
01:21:27,305 --> 01:21:28,096
STUDENT: RandomInt.

2056
01:21:28,096 --> 01:21:29,230

2057
01:21:29,230 --> 01:21:30,750
>> Davin: RandomInt, OK, eżattament.

2058
01:21:30,750 --> 01:21:32,975
Mela ejja do RandomInt.

2059
01:21:32,975 --> 01:21:34,395

2060
01:21:34,395 --> 01:21:35,270
I ser tagħmel dan aktar hawn.

2061
01:21:35,270 --> 01:21:36,770

2062
01:21:36,770 --> 01:21:39,210
Allura RandomInt huwa attwalment ferm aktar sempliċi.

2063
01:21:39,210 --> 01:21:43,578
Naħseb atoi huwa probabbilment l-waħda agħar
li konna mitluba fis-snin preċedenti.

2064
01:21:43,578 --> 01:21:44,453
STUDENT: [inaudible].

2065
01:21:44,453 --> 01:21:46,660

2066
01:21:46,660 --> 01:21:47,161
>> Davin: What?

2067
01:21:47,161 --> 01:21:49,493
ROB: Jien jaraw jekk huwa tip
ta 'viewable minn hawn.

2068
01:21:49,493 --> 01:21:50,040
Davin: Huwa?

2069
01:21:50,040 --> 01:21:52,500
ROB: Ma naħsibx li huwa going-- I think
li għaddej biex run off lejn il-lemin.

2070
01:21:52,500 --> 01:21:53,791
Davin: OK, so I ser jagħmlu dan wieħed.

2071
01:21:53,791 --> 01:21:56,250
U allura inti biss jitqiegħed fuq l-iskrin.

2072
01:21:56,250 --> 01:21:57,150
>> ROB: Kull dritt.

2073
01:21:57,150 --> 01:21:58,190
>> Davin: Inti trid tkun scribe tiegħi?

2074
01:21:58,190 --> 01:21:58,600
>> ROB: Yeah.

2075
01:21:58,600 --> 01:21:59,100
>> Davin: Nizza.

2076
01:21:59,100 --> 01:22:01,210

2077
01:22:01,210 --> 01:22:02,727
OK, nista 'tħassar dan?

2078
01:22:02,727 --> 01:22:04,188
>> STUDENT: Yeah.

2079
01:22:04,188 --> 01:22:05,162
>> Davin: Li tant diffiċli.

2080
01:22:05,162 --> 01:22:10,032

2081
01:22:10,032 --> 01:22:12,062
(KANT) qed tagħmel
dak li qed tagħmel.

2082
01:22:12,062 --> 01:22:14,454
U tagħmel dak li inti ma.

2083
01:22:14,454 --> 01:22:14,954
Kull dritt.

2084
01:22:14,954 --> 01:22:19,790

2085
01:22:19,790 --> 01:22:22,930
>> OK, jekk niftakar sewwa, fuq
l-kwizz l RandomInt kien simili,

2086
01:22:22,930 --> 01:22:26,190
OK, jien ser jagħtuk żewġ
numri, bħal A u b.

2087
01:22:26,190 --> 01:22:30,380
U nixtieq li inti tagħti me
RandomInt bejn dawn in-numri.

2088
01:22:30,380 --> 01:22:33,440
Allura RandomInt huwa għaddej
biex jieħdu żewġ numbers--

2089
01:22:33,440 --> 01:22:41,690
hekk RandomInt-- u huwa
ser jirritorna l int.

2090
01:22:41,690 --> 01:22:42,930
>> Allura x'inhu l-valur tar-ritorn?

2091
01:22:42,930 --> 01:22:44,151
I biss qallek.

2092
01:22:44,151 --> 01:22:44,650
Int, right?

2093
01:22:44,650 --> 01:22:46,400

2094
01:22:46,400 --> 01:22:49,260
Bħal dan, u allura huwa
ser jieħdu żewġ ints.

2095
01:22:49,260 --> 01:22:56,301
Allura li għaddej biex tieħu int
au int b, bħal dik.

2096
01:22:56,301 --> 01:22:58,217
Allura dak RandomInt hu
ser tagħmel hu li għaddej

2097
01:22:58,217 --> 01:23:02,440
li jirritornaw xi valur każwali
bejn dawn iż-żewġ valuri.

2098
01:23:02,440 --> 01:23:05,140
Allura li għaddej biex jkun akbar
minn, inqas minn b.

2099
01:23:05,140 --> 01:23:09,020
So I think inti tista 'probabbilment jassumi li
a hija l-iżgħar miż-żewġ valuri.

2100
01:23:09,020 --> 01:23:12,210
Mela jekk aħna qed jittrattaw ma '
randomness, liema funzjoni

2101
01:23:12,210 --> 01:23:14,825
ma rajna li
jagħtina affarijiet bl-addoċċ?

2102
01:23:14,825 --> 01:23:15,450
STUDENT: Drand.

2103
01:23:15,450 --> 01:23:16,506
Davin: Drand, eżattament.

2104
01:23:16,506 --> 01:23:18,630
Allura int ser probabbilment
tixtieq li tuża drand tiegħek.

2105
01:23:18,630 --> 01:23:19,940

2106
01:23:19,940 --> 01:23:29,160
Allura inti tista 'tgħid int każwali, u aħna ser
biss jgħidu li ikun egwali għal 0 dritt issa.

2107
01:23:29,160 --> 01:23:30,170

2108
01:23:30,170 --> 01:23:38,690
U dawn qed aħna qed tmur biex ngħid,
OK, ugwali każwali drand 48.

2109
01:23:38,690 --> 01:23:39,747

2110
01:23:39,747 --> 01:23:40,830
U dan xi ritorn?

2111
01:23:40,830 --> 01:23:43,742
X'jagħmel din il-funzjoni jtik?

2112
01:23:43,742 --> 01:23:45,610
>> STUDENT: Bejn 0 u 1.

2113
01:23:45,610 --> 01:23:47,870
>> Davin: Yeah, bejn 0 u 1.

2114
01:23:47,870 --> 01:23:48,890
Allura li għaddej biex be--

2115
01:23:48,890 --> 01:23:51,070
>> ROB: U dan is-- naħseb
aħna se jgħidlek dan.

2116
01:23:51,070 --> 01:23:52,670
Bħal, inti tista 'tuża drand 48.

2117
01:23:52,670 --> 01:23:54,350
Inti tista 'tivverifika dan fuq l-eżami tal-passat.

2118
01:23:54,350 --> 01:23:56,720
Iżda aħna'd probabbilment ngħidu li inti
jistgħu jużaw drand 48, li

2119
01:23:56,720 --> 01:23:58,790
jirritorna float bejn 0 u 1.

2120
01:23:58,790 --> 01:24:00,830
>> Davin: Iva, iva, jien
pretty żgur fuq l-eżami

2121
01:24:00,830 --> 01:24:03,860
jgħid inti probabilment
tixtieq li tuża drand, yeah.

2122
01:24:03,860 --> 01:24:07,041
Allura li għaddej biex jirritorna
xi valur bejn 0 u 1.

2123
01:24:07,041 --> 01:24:08,790
U allura dak li huma inti
tmur trid tagħmel?

2124
01:24:08,790 --> 01:24:16,360
Ukoll, inti tixtieq li jimmultiplikaw by--
stenna, I think it'sa bħal dan, sorry.

2125
01:24:16,360 --> 01:24:18,018
I ser biss tagħmel dan.

2126
01:24:18,018 --> 01:24:19,410
I do not know.

2127
01:24:19,410 --> 01:24:22,240
>> Allura b nieqes.

2128
01:24:22,240 --> 01:24:23,310

2129
01:24:23,310 --> 01:24:24,490
Allura għaliex b nieqes?

2130
01:24:24,490 --> 01:24:26,110

2131
01:24:26,110 --> 01:24:30,490
Mela ejja ngħidu drand jagħtik lura
OK int--, I ser biss tagħmel l-bqija,

2132
01:24:30,490 --> 01:24:33,380
hekk plus a.

2133
01:24:33,380 --> 01:24:36,130
Allura dak does-- y huwa b nieqes.

2134
01:24:36,130 --> 01:24:40,670
Mela ejja ngħidu li drand jagħtik lura
il-valur massimu li jista 'possibbilment

2135
01:24:40,670 --> 01:24:41,410
jtik.

2136
01:24:41,410 --> 01:24:42,409
X'hemm li għaddej biex tkun?

2137
01:24:42,409 --> 01:24:43,010
STUDENT: 1.

2138
01:24:43,010 --> 01:24:44,430
>> Davin: 1, id-dritt?

2139
01:24:44,430 --> 01:24:47,880
Hekk jekk dan huwa 1, u int
moltiplikat b nieqes,

2140
01:24:47,880 --> 01:24:50,110
ukoll, li jinsab biss l-
differenza bejn minus A.

2141
01:24:50,110 --> 01:24:52,870
U jekk inti mbagħad żid li
lura fuq, dan huwa dak?

2142
01:24:52,870 --> 01:24:54,290

2143
01:24:54,290 --> 01:24:55,180
Huwa bażikament b.

2144
01:24:55,180 --> 01:24:56,435

2145
01:24:56,435 --> 01:24:57,310
Ma li jagħmel sens?

2146
01:24:57,310 --> 01:24:57,851
>> STUDENT: Iva.

2147
01:24:57,851 --> 01:24:59,480

2148
01:24:59,480 --> 01:25:02,170
>> Davin: Mela jekk dan huwa l-massimu
valur possibbilment dan jista 'jkun,

2149
01:25:02,170 --> 01:25:03,175
li għaddej biex tkun 1.

2150
01:25:03,175 --> 01:25:04,122

2151
01:25:04,122 --> 01:25:06,330
U allura dan huwa biss il-
differenza bejn it-tnejn.

2152
01:25:06,330 --> 01:25:11,410
Żid fuq, għalhekk dan huwa
ser jirritorna każwali.

2153
01:25:11,410 --> 01:25:15,000

2154
01:25:15,000 --> 01:25:18,620
U fil-każ kantuniera li
drand jagħtik lura 1,

2155
01:25:18,620 --> 01:25:20,970
każwali se jkun biss jiġu b effettiv.

2156
01:25:20,970 --> 01:25:22,700
Iżda li l-massimu jista 'jkun.

2157
01:25:22,700 --> 01:25:27,420
Mela jekk li għaddej biex tkun inqas minn
li, hekk ejja ngħidu li bħal tagħha 0.9,

2158
01:25:27,420 --> 01:25:31,080
hekk allura 0.9 drabi b minus
a se tkun inqas

2159
01:25:31,080 --> 01:25:33,230
mid-differenza bejn b nieqes.

2160
01:25:33,230 --> 01:25:35,830
>> U mbagħad jekk inti żid li
fuq għal, allura dak il-valur huwa

2161
01:25:35,830 --> 01:25:38,986
ser ikun akbar minn, għaliex
int żżid xi ħaġa fuq dan,

2162
01:25:38,986 --> 01:25:40,360
iżda li għaddej biex tkun inqas minn b.

2163
01:25:40,360 --> 01:25:41,430

2164
01:25:41,430 --> 01:25:44,420
Allura inti qed tmur biex tikseb każwali
numru, għax int ssejjaħ drand.

2165
01:25:44,420 --> 01:25:48,000
U li rand, dak in-numru każwali hu
se tkun x'imkien bejn

2166
01:25:48,000 --> 01:25:49,342
u b.

2167
01:25:49,342 --> 01:25:50,780
Ma li jagħmel sens?

2168
01:25:50,780 --> 01:25:52,990
>> ROB: Just biex tqiegħed fil
numri konkreti, hekk

2169
01:25:52,990 --> 01:25:55,450
ejja ngħidu li rridu pick
numru bl-addoċċ bejn 7 u 10.

2170
01:25:55,450 --> 01:25:56,960
Allura b nieqes huwa firxa tagħna.

2171
01:25:56,960 --> 01:26:00,150
Allura hemm firxa ta 'tlieta
numri irridu li jagħżlu minn.

2172
01:26:00,150 --> 01:26:03,290
U mbagħad multiplikazzjoni
li bejn 0 u 1 1,

2173
01:26:03,290 --> 01:26:07,430
jekk dan imbagħad tagħtina some--
ejja ngħidu li jagħtina 1.5.

2174
01:26:07,430 --> 01:26:10,670
>> Imbagħad 1.5, irridu imorru 7-10.

2175
01:26:10,670 --> 01:26:14,470
Allura 1.5 plus 7 iwassalna
lura fis tagħna 7 sa 10-firxa.

2176
01:26:14,470 --> 01:26:17,580
U allura aħna qed maħżuna ġewwa ta
integer, għalhekk maqtugħa isfel sa 8.

2177
01:26:17,580 --> 01:26:18,790
U allura aħna biss jirritornaw dik.

2178
01:26:18,790 --> 01:26:21,310
Allura b nieqes huwa firxa tagħna.

2179
01:26:21,310 --> 01:26:25,770
a xiftijiet it up fil-numri
li aħna rridu f'dik il-medda.

2180
01:26:25,770 --> 01:26:30,540
Allura bejn 7 u 10, u allura aħna
tista 'ritorn dak li aħna jispiċċaw ma.

2181
01:26:30,540 --> 01:26:32,684
>> Davin: Yeah, sbieħ.

2182
01:26:32,684 --> 01:26:34,470
>> ROB: Grazzi.

2183
01:26:34,470 --> 01:26:35,628
>> Davin: Yeah, x'hemm up?

2184
01:26:35,628 --> 01:26:39,746
>> STUDENT: Do we run għal kwalunkwe tip ta '
Żbalji ASCII meta we're-- jekk drand huwa

2185
01:26:39,746 --> 01:26:40,996
jirritornaw float [inaudible].

2186
01:26:40,996 --> 01:26:42,470

2187
01:26:42,470 --> 01:26:45,360
>> ROB: Allura bħad Rob qal,
minħabba każwali mhijiex int,

2188
01:26:45,360 --> 01:26:47,080
hekk drand se jkun float.

2189
01:26:47,080 --> 01:26:48,470
Hekk u mbagħad timmultiplika out.

2190
01:26:48,470 --> 01:26:50,507
U inti tista 'tikseb xi
tip ta 'numri float.

2191
01:26:50,507 --> 01:26:51,840
U allura li għaddej biex truncate.

2192
01:26:51,840 --> 01:26:52,339
>> STUDENT: OK.

2193
01:26:52,339 --> 01:26:53,019
Davin: Yeah.

2194
01:26:53,019 --> 01:26:56,060
ROB: U jekk il-kumpilatur kienu biex iwissu
inti dwar, bħal, telf ta 'preċiżjoni,

2195
01:26:56,060 --> 01:26:58,986
biss jintefa l int fil
hemm, u allura huwa tajjeb.

2196
01:26:58,986 --> 01:27:00,398

2197
01:27:00,398 --> 01:27:00,898
Davin: Iva?

2198
01:27:00,898 --> 01:27:02,332

2199
01:27:02,332 --> 01:27:04,722
>> STUDENT: Would jkollu l-
istess probabbiltà ta 'jkollna,

2200
01:27:04,722 --> 01:27:06,156
simili, b jew [inaudible]?

2201
01:27:06,156 --> 01:27:08,080

2202
01:27:08,080 --> 01:27:10,980
>> ROB: Allura is-- jien attwalment
wondering-- huwa RandomInt suppost

2203
01:27:10,980 --> 01:27:14,362
li jkun hemm numru minn għal inqas minn b?

2204
01:27:14,362 --> 01:27:16,820
Simili, jekk din tkun bejn 7 u
10, liema huma l-possibbiltajiet?

2205
01:27:16,820 --> 01:27:18,454
7, 8, u 9, jew 7, 8, 9, 10?

2206
01:27:18,454 --> 01:27:19,120
Davin: I tinsa.

2207
01:27:19,120 --> 01:27:19,880
Fuq il-set-- problema

2208
01:27:19,880 --> 01:27:20,570
>> ROB: Naħseb li huwa 7, 8, 9.

2209
01:27:20,570 --> 01:27:22,785
>> Davin: Hija speċifikament tgħid wieħed
inklussiva u ta wieħed esklussiv.

2210
01:27:22,785 --> 01:27:23,110
>> ROB: Yeah.

2211
01:27:23,110 --> 01:27:23,670
>> Davin: Imma jien don't-- jien not--

2212
01:27:23,670 --> 01:27:25,878
>> ROB: So I think dawn huwa
mhux inkluż, f'liema każ,

2213
01:27:25,878 --> 01:27:28,152
hemm ugwali
probabbiltà ta '7, 8, u 9.

2214
01:27:28,152 --> 01:27:29,360
M'hemm l-ebda probabbiltà ta '10.

2215
01:27:29,360 --> 01:27:31,770

2216
01:27:31,770 --> 01:27:32,270
Davin: Iva?

2217
01:27:32,270 --> 01:27:33,395
STUDENT: Għandi mistoqsija.

2218
01:27:33,395 --> 01:27:38,090
Aħna rridu li jiddefinixxu funzjoni
prospetti mhux valur wieħed, iżda firxa.

2219
01:27:38,090 --> 01:27:41,020
Allura dak ikun l-
sintassi wara r-ritorn?

2220
01:27:41,020 --> 01:27:44,604
>> Davin: OK, hekk allura inti
would-- wara r-ritorn?

2221
01:27:44,604 --> 01:27:47,020
Mela ejja ngħidu li inti kienu ddikjaraw
firxa x'imkien up hemm.

2222
01:27:47,020 --> 01:27:49,708
Imbagħad inti biss jirritorna
l-isem tal-firxa.

2223
01:27:49,708 --> 01:27:50,676
>> STUDENT: OK, grazie.

2224
01:27:50,676 --> 01:27:51,718
Imbagħad biss ritorn ma a--

2225
01:27:51,718 --> 01:27:52,759
Davin: Oh stenna, so sorry.

2226
01:27:52,759 --> 01:27:54,620
Il-mistoqsija kienet kif
do inti tirritorna firxa.

2227
01:27:54,620 --> 01:27:56,170
>> ROB: Għalkemm ma setax
jiġu firxa ddikjarat

2228
01:27:56,170 --> 01:27:57,260
fuq il-munzell jew xi ħaġa bħal dik.

2229
01:27:57,260 --> 01:27:59,510
Ikun jkollhom jiġu xi ħaġa
malloced, għaliex malloc

2230
01:27:59,510 --> 01:28:01,610
huwa kif inti tikseb madwar
allokazzjoni memorja awtomatiku.

2231
01:28:01,610 --> 01:28:02,109
>> Davin: Iva.

2232
01:28:02,109 --> 01:28:03,433

2233
01:28:03,433 --> 01:28:04,933
ROB: Kif inti tikseb madwar ambitu lokali.

2234
01:28:04,933 --> 01:28:09,670

2235
01:28:09,670 --> 01:28:11,550
>> Davin: Imma inti
biss ritorn name-- tagħha

2236
01:28:11,550 --> 01:28:17,890
>> STUDENT: [inaudible] mhuwiex wieħed
valur, per eżempju, żewġ numri, hekk

2237
01:28:17,890 --> 01:28:18,390
[Inaudible].

2238
01:28:18,390 --> 01:28:19,590
>> Davin: Inti ma tistax tirritorna numru multipli.

2239
01:28:19,590 --> 01:28:20,850
Inti ma tistax, bħal, return--

2240
01:28:20,850 --> 01:28:23,630
>> STUDENT: I ​​tkellem dwar jirritornaw
firxa jew xi ħaġa bħal dik.

2241
01:28:23,630 --> 01:28:26,050
>> Davin: Yeah, sabiex il-kwistjoni hija
nista ritorn valuri multipli.

2242
01:28:26,050 --> 01:28:27,460
Inti ma jistgħux jirritornaw valuri multipli.

2243
01:28:27,460 --> 01:28:30,270
Inti ma tistax, bħal, ritorn imbagħad
ritorn b jew xi ħaġa bħal dik.

2244
01:28:30,270 --> 01:28:32,710
Għax wara inti tirritorna, inti
ritorn mill-funzjoni.

2245
01:28:32,710 --> 01:28:35,790
U allura l-funzjoni isir, u
bħal Rob qal, huwa fuq il-munzell.

2246
01:28:35,790 --> 01:28:38,260
>> Allura dak kollu li memorja biss gets
lura lill-kompjuter.

2247
01:28:38,260 --> 01:28:40,025
Kollox gets minsija, bażikament.

2248
01:28:40,025 --> 01:28:41,480

2249
01:28:41,480 --> 01:28:44,430
Mela jekk inti tixtieq li jirritornaw multipli
valuri, inti għandek tirritorna firxa,

2250
01:28:44,430 --> 01:28:45,971
U l-mod inti tagħmel dan huwa mallocing.

2251
01:28:45,971 --> 01:28:48,780
U allura inti se jerġa 'lura x bħal dik.

2252
01:28:48,780 --> 01:28:50,280
Bażikament, inti biss jirritorna l-isem.

2253
01:28:50,280 --> 01:28:51,620
U meta inti tirritorna
xi ħaġa bħal din, int

2254
01:28:51,620 --> 01:28:53,200
mhux attwalment jirritornaw il-valur.

2255
01:28:53,200 --> 01:28:55,430
>> Mela ejja ngħidu li inti maħżuna
il-valuri fil-firxa.

2256
01:28:55,430 --> 01:28:57,910
Int ma attwalment
jirritornaw dawk il-valuri.

2257
01:28:57,910 --> 01:29:01,515
Bħal, jekk I lura l int, jien
verament jirritornaw kopji tal-valuri.

2258
01:29:01,515 --> 01:29:02,017

2259
01:29:02,017 --> 01:29:03,850
Imma jekk jien kienu li jirritornaw
xi ħaġa bħal din,

2260
01:29:03,850 --> 01:29:06,450
Jien jirritornaw referenza
għal dawk il-valuri.

2261
01:29:06,450 --> 01:29:09,090
Hekk jien jirritornaw, bażikament, a
indirizz tal-memorja għall-valuri.

2262
01:29:09,090 --> 01:29:10,079
Ma li jagħmel sens?

2263
01:29:10,079 --> 01:29:10,620
STUDENT: Iva.

2264
01:29:10,620 --> 01:29:11,120
Davin: Nizza.

2265
01:29:11,120 --> 01:29:12,760

2266
01:29:12,760 --> 01:29:13,410
Iva?

2267
01:29:13,410 --> 01:29:15,430
>> STUDENT: Meta int
użu drand hawn fuq,

2268
01:29:15,430 --> 01:29:17,660
do inti għandek tpoġġi srand qabel dik?

2269
01:29:17,660 --> 01:29:20,320
>> Davin: No, no, jien ma naħsibx hekk.

2270
01:29:20,320 --> 01:29:23,040
>> ROB: Yeah, hekk do ikollok
li jgħidu xejn dwar srand?

2271
01:29:23,040 --> 01:29:26,900
L-inadempjenza tal inti qatt tgħid srand
fil-livelli kollha huwa li biss tagħmel srand ta null.

2272
01:29:26,900 --> 01:29:29,350
Allura drand fuq ix-xogħol rieda tagħha stess.

2273
01:29:29,350 --> 01:29:33,759
U se awtomatikament żerriegħa bil
il-ħin kurrenti, huwa dak li tuża.

2274
01:29:33,759 --> 01:29:35,175

2275
01:29:35,175 --> 01:29:35,675
Davin: Iva?

2276
01:29:35,675 --> 01:29:40,950
STUDENT: Do you [inaudible]
man-numri?

2277
01:29:40,950 --> 01:29:42,570
Davin: Iva, inti tista '.

2278
01:29:42,570 --> 01:29:46,770
STUDENT: Allura inti tista
jgħidu, bħal, 4 darbiet 2.

2279
01:29:46,770 --> 01:29:50,280
Il-ħaġa hija, inti ma tistax tassumi
allura int huwa erba 'bytes.

2280
01:29:50,280 --> 01:29:51,020
Il only--

2281
01:29:51,020 --> 01:29:53,830
>> Davin: I tfisser, għall-kwizz tista '.

2282
01:29:53,830 --> 01:29:54,830
[Laughs]

2283
01:29:54,830 --> 01:29:55,780
>> ROB: Mm, l-ebda.

2284
01:29:55,780 --> 01:29:56,780
Davin: Iva, iva tista '.

2285
01:29:56,780 --> 01:30:00,197
Jekk dawn jistaqsu kemm hu kbir l-int huwa,
inti ma tistax tkun, bħal, erba 'jew tmien.

2286
01:30:00,197 --> 01:30:02,030
ROB: Oh, hekk jekk l-
kwistjoni hija speċifikament,

2287
01:30:02,030 --> 01:30:04,857
bħal, jekk din hija problema kodifikazzjoni,
inti għandek tgħid daqs ta 'int.

2288
01:30:04,857 --> 01:30:06,690
Jekk huwa tabella, jew
jgħid kemm bytes,

2289
01:30:06,690 --> 01:30:08,808
inti m'għandekx timla fid-daqs ta 'ints.

2290
01:30:08,808 --> 01:30:11,278
>> STUDENTI: [Laughs]

2291
01:30:11,278 --> 01:30:18,210

2292
01:30:18,210 --> 01:30:20,580
>> Davin: Dritt, hekk għaliex huwa
daqs ta 'int importanti hawnhekk?

2293
01:30:20,580 --> 01:30:23,085
Allura simili, jekk aħna qed tmur biex 32-bit
proċessur jew xi ħaġa bħal dik,

2294
01:30:23,085 --> 01:30:24,300
allura li għaddej biex jkun ta 'erba bytes.

2295
01:30:24,300 --> 01:30:26,342
Imma fuq xi wħud mill-aktar ġodda
Jittieħed, jista 'jkun dak?

2296
01:30:26,342 --> 01:30:27,383
Dan jista 'jkun ta' tmienja, id-dritt?

2297
01:30:27,383 --> 01:30:30,550
Mela this-- jekk inti biss kodiċi hard erba,
imbagħad fuq xi magni, din se taħdem.

2298
01:30:30,550 --> 01:30:32,180
Xi magni, mhux se taħdem.

2299
01:30:32,180 --> 01:30:35,270
Imma jekk fuq il-kwizz aħna qed
bħal kemm hu kbir huwa int?

2300
01:30:35,270 --> 01:30:35,770
Poġġi erba.

2301
01:30:35,770 --> 01:30:38,710

2302
01:30:38,710 --> 01:30:39,210
ROB: Dritt.

2303
01:30:39,210 --> 01:30:39,790
Davin: Yeah?

2304
01:30:39,790 --> 01:30:43,192
STUDENT: Allura għaliex aħna qed tiddikjara
[Inaudible] ġewwa funzjoni,

2305
01:30:43,192 --> 01:30:45,622
għandhom npoġġux 3 ġewwa dik il-funzjoni?

2306
01:30:45,622 --> 01:30:46,907
Jew nistgħu nużaw dan barra?

2307
01:30:46,907 --> 01:30:48,740
Davin: Tista 'tużah
barra minn dik il-funzjoni.

2308
01:30:48,740 --> 01:30:49,890
Hekk hu tistaqsi b'xejn.

2309
01:30:49,890 --> 01:30:51,700
>> STUDENT: Lose track
ta 'fejn [inaudible].

2310
01:30:51,700 --> 01:30:54,720
>> ROB: Oh, il-free ma happen--
li l-parti tal-maġija ta malloc

2311
01:30:54,720 --> 01:30:57,220
hija li int mhux
ristretta għall-ambitu lokali.

2312
01:30:57,220 --> 01:31:00,700
Inti għandek kontroll sħiħ fuq
kemm varjabbli tiegħek ħajjin.

2313
01:31:00,700 --> 01:31:05,380
Allura aħna sejħa malloc hawn, jista '
tkun funzjoni separata kompletament.

2314
01:31:05,380 --> 01:31:08,670
Jista 'jkun 10 siegħa wara
li aħna finalment sejħa ħielsa.

2315
01:31:08,670 --> 01:31:11,764
>> Davin: Hekk per eżempju, bħal, koppja
ġimgħat minn issa meta inti finalment

2316
01:31:11,764 --> 01:31:13,680
do speller dizzjunarju tiegħek
psets, int ser

2317
01:31:13,680 --> 01:31:16,410
li jkollu xi funzjoni li
joħloq tunnellata ta 'għoqiedi.

2318
01:31:16,410 --> 01:31:18,630
Hekk int mallocing tunnellata
ta 'punti strateġiċi din il-funzjoni.

2319
01:31:18,630 --> 01:31:20,670
U mbagħad fil-
funzjoni separata, int

2320
01:31:20,670 --> 01:31:22,440
tmur jridu ħielsa ta'dawk il-lymph kollha.

2321
01:31:22,440 --> 01:31:25,740
Allura inti tista litteralment biss jgħaddu biex
ħielsa pointer, so a indirizz tal-memorja

2322
01:31:25,740 --> 01:31:26,684
għal dak li inti malloced.

2323
01:31:26,684 --> 01:31:27,600
U li se tkun multa.

2324
01:31:27,600 --> 01:31:29,725
Inti ma għandekx ħielsa,
simili, fl-istess funzjoni.

2325
01:31:29,725 --> 01:31:30,449
Iva?

2326
01:31:30,449 --> 01:31:36,197
>> STUDENT: Allura malloc
varjabbli [inaudible] barra?

2327
01:31:36,197 --> 01:31:37,384
Hija li dak li qed tgħid?

2328
01:31:37,384 --> 01:31:38,300
Davin: Stenna, jgħidu li?

2329
01:31:38,300 --> 01:31:38,800
Jiddispjacini.

2330
01:31:38,800 --> 01:31:42,300
>> STUDENT: Jekk varjabbli malloc
jista 'jkun b'xejn kullimkien fil-kodiċi,

2331
01:31:42,300 --> 01:31:44,800
allura jistgħu dawn jiġu aċċessati
kullimkien fil-kodiċi?

2332
01:31:44,800 --> 01:31:45,800
Inti tista 'żżomm minnhom lokali?

2333
01:31:45,800 --> 01:31:47,880
>> Davin: Oh, hija talbet,
simili, il-varjabbli, like--

2334
01:31:47,880 --> 01:31:51,300

2335
01:31:51,300 --> 01:31:55,510
>> ROB: Allura inti xorta jkollok bżonn li
jkollhom xi tip ta 'referenza

2336
01:31:55,510 --> 01:31:57,220
li jimblokka l-malloc ta 'memorja.

2337
01:31:57,220 --> 01:31:58,540
Allura hawnhekk, aħna qed jirritornaw x.

2338
01:31:58,540 --> 01:31:59,040
STUDENT: Oh.

2339
01:31:59,040 --> 01:32:01,920
ROB: Jekk aħna ma reġgħux lura x
hawn, u dan kien biss null,

2340
01:32:01,920 --> 01:32:04,550
allura rridu naraw l-ebda aċċess għall-
l-pointer li kien malloced,

2341
01:32:04,550 --> 01:32:05,920
u huwa nixxew memorja.

2342
01:32:05,920 --> 01:32:06,690
>> STUDENT: OK.

2343
01:32:06,690 --> 01:32:10,010
>> Davin: Allura simili, ejja ngħidu li inti
jkollhom din, bħal, dritt hawn.

2344
01:32:10,010 --> 01:32:10,510
ROB: No

2345
01:32:10,510 --> 01:32:13,430
Davin: Fil-funzjoni prinċipali tiegħi, ma nistax
biss sejħa dan x u jkunu, bħal, OK,

2346
01:32:13,430 --> 01:32:14,645
F'din il-funzjoni, Jien għamilt dan.

2347
01:32:14,645 --> 01:32:14,960
>> ROB: Dritt.

2348
01:32:14,960 --> 01:32:17,790
>> Davin: So jien ser sejħa x fi,
bħal, prinċipali jew xi ħaġa bħal dik.

2349
01:32:17,790 --> 01:32:18,540
Inti ma tistax tagħmel dan.

2350
01:32:18,540 --> 01:32:19,600
Int ser jirritorna xi ħaġa.

2351
01:32:19,600 --> 01:32:21,000
Imma liema huma inti se tirritorna?

2352
01:32:21,000 --> 01:32:22,130
Inti qed tmur biex jirritorna l-indirizz tal-memorja.

2353
01:32:22,130 --> 01:32:25,130
U għaliex inti tirritorna memorja
indirizz, li jistgħu jiġu aċċessati x'imkien ieħor.

2354
01:32:25,130 --> 01:32:27,262

2355
01:32:27,262 --> 01:32:28,255
Kwalunkwe aktar mistoqsijiet?

2356
01:32:28,255 --> 01:32:28,755
Iva?

2357
01:32:28,755 --> 01:32:31,213
>> STUDENT: Huwa l-funzjoni ta 'hawn fuq
jkunu verifika għall [inaudible]?

2358
01:32:31,213 --> 01:32:33,270

2359
01:32:33,270 --> 01:32:35,005
>> Davin: Għaliex għandi m'għandhomx bżonn li tagħmel dan?

2360
01:32:35,005 --> 01:32:35,880
STUDENT: [inaudible].

2361
01:32:35,880 --> 01:32:37,755
Davin: Minħabba int
mhux mallocing xejn.

2362
01:32:37,755 --> 01:32:39,640
Allura huwa not-- yeah, huwa
mhux bħal string i.

2363
01:32:39,640 --> 01:32:41,160
Huwa pointer x'imkien.

2364
01:32:41,160 --> 01:32:42,951
Dawn huma biss il-valuri.

2365
01:32:42,951 --> 01:32:43,450
STUDENT: OK.

2366
01:32:43,450 --> 01:32:43,949
Davin: Yeah.

2367
01:32:43,949 --> 01:32:47,600

2368
01:32:47,600 --> 01:32:48,470
Xi ħaġa oħra?

2369
01:32:48,470 --> 01:32:48,970
ROB: Yep?

2370
01:32:48,970 --> 01:32:50,386
STUDENT: Imma meta inti [inaudible]?

2371
01:32:50,386 --> 01:32:55,050

2372
01:32:55,050 --> 01:32:58,690
>> ROB: Allura biex tilliberalizza l-
memorja, aħna ngħid hawnhekk.

2373
01:32:58,690 --> 01:33:01,350
Allura x hija pointer tagħna biex
l-blokk ta 'memorja.

2374
01:33:01,350 --> 01:33:02,845
Aħna ħielsa li pointer.

2375
01:33:02,845 --> 01:33:04,470
U aħna mhux bilfors tagħmel dan hawn.

2376
01:33:04,470 --> 01:33:05,390
Nistgħu nagħmlu dan kullimkien.

2377
01:33:05,390 --> 01:33:10,400
Imma inti biss sejħa b'xejn fuq
xi ħaġa li malloc prospetti.

2378
01:33:10,400 --> 01:33:12,940
Allura malloc, hawn, lura
dak li qed jiġi maħżun fil x.

2379
01:33:12,940 --> 01:33:14,802
Allura nistgħu sejħa b'xejn fuq x.

2380
01:33:14,802 --> 01:33:18,730

2381
01:33:18,730 --> 01:33:20,556
Kwalunkwe aħħar kwistjonijiet?

2382
01:33:20,556 --> 01:33:21,701
>> Davin: Kwalunkwe mistoqsijiet aħħar?

2383
01:33:21,701 --> 01:33:22,200
Yeah?

2384
01:33:22,200 --> 01:33:25,152
>> STUDENT: Jiddispjacini, inti tista terġa 'tispjega
għaliex inti ħielsa fil hemmhekk?

2385
01:33:25,152 --> 01:33:26,630
Għaliex [inaudible]?

2386
01:33:26,630 --> 01:33:27,774
>> Davin: Għal hawn?

2387
01:33:27,774 --> 01:33:29,109
>> STUDENT: Yeah, bħal dritt wara.

2388
01:33:29,109 --> 01:33:30,900
Davin: You probabbilment
ma tridx ħielsa hawn.

2389
01:33:30,900 --> 01:33:31,630
ROB: You probabbilment ma.

2390
01:33:31,630 --> 01:33:33,060
Davin: Yeah, li dan ser jagħmlu xejn.

2391
01:33:33,060 --> 01:33:35,220
Dan ikun, bħal, joħolqu
memorja, do Jittieħed lilha,

2392
01:33:35,220 --> 01:33:37,390
u mbagħad minnufih
tinsieh, yeah.

2393
01:33:37,390 --> 01:33:39,850
>> ROB: Iżda aħna tista 'tagħmel, bħal,
fil hawn għal xi raġuni.

2394
01:33:39,850 --> 01:33:43,902
Nistgħu ngħidu star int
y ugwali firxa ritorn.

2395
01:33:43,902 --> 01:33:47,900
Do xi għalf ma y,
forsi jistampaw il-kontenut.

2396
01:33:47,900 --> 01:33:49,350
U mbagħad, fl-aħħarnett, aħna qed isir.

2397
01:33:49,350 --> 01:33:50,626
Nistgħu ħielsa y.

2398
01:33:50,626 --> 01:33:51,501
STUDENT: [inaudible].

2399
01:33:51,501 --> 01:33:57,839

2400
01:33:57,839 --> 01:33:59,005
Davin: Għandi iscroll isfel?

2401
01:33:59,005 --> 01:34:00,445
Grazzi.

2402
01:34:00,445 --> 01:34:00,945
ROB: Nizza.

2403
01:34:00,945 --> 01:34:02,400

2404
01:34:02,400 --> 01:34:03,646
>> Davin: OK, thats it.

2405
01:34:03,646 --> 01:34:04,520
ROB: Kull dritt, tajba.

2406
01:34:04,520 --> 01:34:05,070
Xorti tajba.

2407
01:34:05,070 --> 01:34:06,800
>> Davin: Jekk ikollok aktar mistoqsijiet, email us.

2408
01:34:06,800 --> 01:34:08,670
Xorti tajba.

2409
01:34:08,670 --> 01:34:10,283