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>> DANIEL ARMENDARIZ: Hello, kila mtu,
kuwakaribisha kwa iOS programu ya maendeleo

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na mwepesi.

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Mimi nina Dan Armendariz.

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Mimi nina precepter ya kompyuta
sayansi hapa katika Shule

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ya Uhandisi na Sayansi.

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Na mwepesi ni kweli ni aina
Lugha ya kweli nadhifu.

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Na mimi kuwa na baadhi ya mipango ya leo.

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Hivyo zaidi ya saa moja ijayo au hivyo tunakwenda
kuangalia iOS programu ya maendeleo yenyewe

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kutumia Xcode na kwa kweli kujenga baadhi
msingi sana, rahisi sana maombi.

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Na kuangalia njia ambayo wewe
kweli kuchukua maombi hayo,

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na kujenga yao, na kwa kweli
kuziweka kwenye kifaa iOS.

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Baadhi ya mambo ambayo
sisi siyo kwenda kuangalia

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itakuwa ni pamoja na mambo kama
kweli kuchukua maombi

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na kuweka juu ya kuhifadhi App.

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Kuna mengi ya tutorials ni online kwamba
kukusaidia na kwamba sehemu ya maisha yake.

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Lakini pia kwa sababu kama
sehemu ya CS50, unaweza kupata

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kujiunga maendeleo Apple
timu, timu programu ya maendeleo CS50 ya.

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Kama hujafanya kwamba bado na
wewe ni uhusiano na CS50,

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Mimi kupendekeza kwamba
kufanya hivyo kwa sababu hiyo

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ni jinsi wewe ni uwezo wa kujenga
baadhi ya mipango katika Xcode,

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kuwajenga, na kwa kweli kuweka
yao juu ya baadhi ya vifaa yako iOS

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kama kweli una
kimwili iOS kifaa.

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Kama huna iOS kimwili
kifaa hiyo ni zaidi ya faini.

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Unaweza kweli kuendeleza kwa iOS.

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Na Xcode ina
simulator kwamba utapata

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kuona maombi yako katika
hatua kwenye kompyuta yako.

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Lakini ni aina ya kitu nadhifu
kwa kweli kucheza na kuingiliana

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na maombi yako
kwenye kifaa halisi.

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Hivyo kuna wanandoa wa mahitaji ya
kweli kufanya yote ya maendeleo hayo.

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Mmoja wao ni kwamba
unaweza kuwa na Mac.

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Ina kuwa mbio 10.9.4 au baadaye
ili kufanya maendeleo na mwepesi.

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>> Unaweza kutumia mapema
toleo kuendeleza

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kwa lengo C kwa iOS na Mac.

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Lakini mimi kupendekeza, na mengi ya
mifano kwamba tutaweza kuona leo,

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kutumia 10.10 Yosemite.

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Hivyo kama una bado uppdaterade,
ni udhuru nzuri ya kufanya hivyo.

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Sasa Xcode 6.1 ni toleo la karibuni la
jumuishi maendeleo ya mazingira

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kwamba Apple hutoa kwa ajili ya bure ambayo
unaweza kushusha off kuhifadhi App.

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Na mimi kupendekeza kwamba
pia kukimbia toleo la karibuni.

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>> Kama kutokea kwa kuwa mbio mapema
version, Xcode 5 na chini tu

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tu hawana msaada mwepesi wowote.

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Na matoleo beta ya sita, ambayo
waliachiwa juu ya jua,

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kufanya msaada mwepesi, lakini kuna
imekuwa idadi kubwa

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ya mabadiliko katika lugha, kutosha
ili kificho kwamba uko

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kwenda kuangalia na kwamba
wanaweza kupata kwenye mtandao

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si kweli kukusanya vizuri
katika matoleo haya kabla ya Xcode.

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Hivyo tena, kama wewe kufanya bado
kuwa na akaunti developer,

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Mimi kupendekeza wewe kwenda
developer.apple.com.

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Ishara ya juu, kuunda akaunti developer,
na kujiunga na timu CS50 programu ya maendeleo.

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Ambayo itatoa wewe nafasi
kukusanya maombi yako

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na kuziweka kwenye kifaa chako.

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OK, hivyo hebu kupata kuanza.

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jambo la kwanza kabisa
tunakwenda kufanya ni

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kwa kweli kujenga sana
rahisi mradi katika Xcode

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kwamba itawawezesha
kufanya maombi.

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>> Hivyo kama wewe bado hatuna Xcode
wazi, kwenda mbele na kufungua

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na kujenga mradi mpya.

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screen maalum Splash
itafungua na nitakupa

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baadhi ya chaguzi juu ya nini
ni kwamba unataka kufanya.

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Tu kusema kwamba unataka kujenga
mradi mpya, maombi mapya.

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Hii dirisha mapenzi pop up,
kuchukua unatumia Xcode 6.1.

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Hivi sasa, na kwa ajili ya
muda wa semina hii,

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tunakwenda kutumia
mtazamo maombi moja, tu

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aina ya maombi ya msingi
kupata miguu yako mvua.

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Na unaweza tawi nje
juu yako mwenyewe kutoka huko.

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>> Bonyeza Next katika hatua hii.

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Sasa hapa kuna michache ya mambo
kwamba unaweza kutaka kuingia.

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jina bidhaa ni
jina ya mradi wako.

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Katika kesi hiyo, mimi nina tu
kwenda kumwita Seminar1

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kwa sababu ni mfano wetu wa kwanza.

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Jina Organization, katika
kesi hii ni jina langu tu.

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Unaweza bila shaka mabadiliko hayo
kwa jina yako mwenyewe, au kwa CS50.

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Shirika kitambulisho, kama wewe
kutokea kwa kuwa tovuti tu kuchukua

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jina la uwanja katika
nyuma, com.yourname.

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na kisha jina la bidhaa
inapaswa kuonekana moja kwa moja

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baada ya kuwa kama kifungu kitambulisho.

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>> Ni wazi kwamba lugha tuko
itakuwa ni ya kutumia kwa ajili ya leo ni mwepesi.

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Unaweza, bila shaka, kutumia C Lengo
kwa kuwa, lakini leo itakuwa mwepesi.

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Na tutaweza kwa sasa wanasema
vifaa zima, hivyo

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kuwa ni kazi juu ya wote iPad na iPhone.

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Na sisi kuondoka msingi
data unchecked kuweka

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mradi kiasi
rahisi kwa wakati huu.

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Basi hebu kwenda mbele na bonyeza Next.

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Na itakuja kuuliza mimi
ambapo nataka kuokoa yake.

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Mimi itabidi kuokoa ni kwa desktop yangu kwa sasa.

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>> Haki wote, hivyo sasa hii ni nini mapenzi
kutokea wakati wewe kweli wazi Xcode.

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Na taarifa kwamba
jambo la kwanza kabisa unaweza kuona

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ni mshangao hatua hii kwamba
anasema hakuna kusaini utambulisho kupatikana.

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Mimi kwa makusudi alifanya hivyo
kompyuta yangu na mimi nina

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matumaini kwamba mimi nina kwenda
kuwa na uwezo wa kweli kurekebisha,

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kwa sababu nataka kuona jinsi hii
kweli kazi kwenye mashine yako mwenyewe.

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>> Kwenda mbele na bonyeza fix suala hilo.

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Ni kuuliza wewe kama una
zilizopo akaunti apple developer.

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Hii ni pale ambapo kujiunga
CS50 timu programu ya maendeleo

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ni muhimu ili wewe si
tu una akaunti programu,

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lakini pia una
uwezo wa kutia saini programu

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na kuziweka kwenye kifaa chako iOS.

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Hii ni not-- kubonyeza
fix suala hilo si muhimu

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kama wewe ni kwenda tu kwa
kujenga na kuendeleza ndani ya nchi,

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kabisa ndani ya simulator iOS.

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>> Lakini kwa sasa mimi naenda
kuendeleza na kuziweka

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juu ya iPad yangu, ambayo itakuwa
uwezo wa matangazo pia.

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Hivyo mimi wanataka kweli kuongeza hii.

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Na ni kwenda kuuliza
mimi kwa apple ID yangu.

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Hivyo ni kwenda kuwa hii.

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Na mimi kuwa kuchota yangu
password, ambayo ni zaidi ya hapa.

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Basi nipe moja tu ya pili kwa kupata kwamba,
na nakala ya kwamba, na kuweka juu ya hapa.

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>> Bonyeza Kuongeza.

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Ni kwenda kuuliza mimi
ambayo timu nataka kujiunga.

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Mimi nina kwenda kufanya shule ya uhandisi.

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Bonyeza Kujiunga.

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Whoops, hiyo ni moja mbaya.

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Hebu kufanya hii moja.

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Hopefully kwamba moja itakuwa kazi.

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Moja ambayo bado haifanyi kazi.

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Sisi ni mbio nje ya watu wema hapa.

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OK, hii ni moja wanapaswa kufanya kazi.

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Sasa karibu hiyo.

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Sasa hebu kufanya shule ya
uhandisi, bonyeza kuchagua.

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>> Na sasa hopefully baada ya
wanandoa wa sekunde wewe can-- OK,

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Mimi itabidi kufuta na ombi.

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Oh mtu, hii ni kwenda kazi.

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OK, mimi itabidi kujaribu moja tofauti.

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Hebu kufanya hii moja hapa.

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Demos kuishi ni kushindwa kwangu.

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Tunaweza kuwa na revert tu
kujenga kabisa ndani ya nchi,

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lakini kwamba itakuwa OK katika kesi hii.

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>> Hivyo hapa, wakati hii ni kweli
kazi, nini tunakwenda kufanya ni tu

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kujenga rahisi sana
Habari World maombi.

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Hivyo hii ni Xcode.

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Na kama wewe si kuonekana ni bado,
inaweza kuwa ni kidogo vitisho mara ya kwanza.

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Kuna mengi ya panes, kuna
mengi ya doodads katika maeneo mbalimbali.

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Lakini tu kutambua kwamba kuna
vipengele kweli kadhaa kuu

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kwa mazingira haya ya maendeleo.

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On mbali kushoto ni wote wa files
ambayo ni husika kwa mpango wako

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au mradi husika.

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Tutaweza kuwa kubonyeza kuzunguka
juu ya baadhi yao na tutaweza

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kumweka nje zaidi
ndio muhimu zaidi ya muda.

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On mbali haki, sisi
kuwa na seti ya sifa.

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Na wote wa sifa hizi, kuna
ni panes mbalimbali kwa ajili ya sifa.

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panes kubadilika kutegemea
mazingira ya maudhui kuu, ambayo

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hutokea kwa kuwa katikati.

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Sasa katikati unaweza kweli kuonyesha
wewe aina ya mambo, kwa mfano

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code yako yenyewe.

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Au unaweza kweli have-- wakati
bonyeza storyboard ambayo

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ni, kwa njia, tu graphical
uwakilishi wa user yako

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interface kwa application-- yako
basi sifa Pane

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juu ya mbali sana haki
itakuwa kweli mabadiliko.

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Sasa kuna michache ya nyingine
mambo ambayo nataka uhakika.

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Unaweza aina ya kuchunguza karibu
katika mazingira juu yako mwenyewe.

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Lakini moja ya mambo
ambayo imekuwa muhimu sana

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ni kifungo hii hapa,
haki juu ya dirisha.

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Kuna kifungo hii kwamba
inaonekana kama juu ya mbali

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kushoto ina aya
ikifuatiwa na duru mbili na aina

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ya mishale miwili akizungumzia
mbali na kila mmoja.

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Kama kubadili kati
kiwango mhariri, ambayo

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ni mbali kushoto mmoja,
hiyo kuchaguliwa kwa default,

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na duru mbili ukipishana
kila mmoja, kwa kweli nini kupata

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ni mara mbili kidirisha maoni.

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>> Na hii ni kweli
kwenda kuwa na manufaa kwa ajili yetu

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wakati tunahitaji kuunganisha vitu
katika UI na kanuni.

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Na tutaweza kuzungumza zaidi kuhusu
kwamba katika muda tu.

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Lakini kutambua kwamba kama wewe kupata
panes hata zaidi kama hii,

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unaweza kurahisisha maoni yako tu
kidogo kwa kubonyeza nyuma

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juu ya mhariri wako moja.

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Hadi sasa hivyo nzuri.

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Hivyo kimsingi tuna kanuni ya
kushoto, sifa juu ya haki,

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na chochote ni sisi ni kazi
hapa katika kitovu.

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>> Hivyo hapa nimekuwa clicked
juu ya storyboard kuu.

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Na storyboard,
tena, ni njia katika Xcode

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kuwa unaweza kweli kujenga user yako
interface kutumia Drag tu na kuacha

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mbinu.

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Na hivyo kwa ajili yetu sana
maombi ya kwanza hii

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ni just nini tunakwenda kufanya.

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Sisi ni kwenda chini kwa
haki fungu mbali sana chini

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ya screen, ambayo ina
aina ya mambo user

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kwamba unaweza kisha click na Drag
kujenga user interface yako.

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>> Sasa yote haya
mambo ni kuitwa maoni

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kwa sababu wao ugavi aina fulani ya maoni.

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Kuna picha mtazamo, kwa
mfano, kwa kweli kuonyesha

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picha kwenye interface user.

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Kuna meza lengo la
kweli kuonyesha meza.

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Kadhalika na kadhalika.

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Kuna aina mbalimbali ya ni
maoni kwamba unaweza kuchagua hapa.

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Hivyo tu kwa sasa tunakwenda
kutafuta studio.

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Unaweza tu kitabu kupitia
wote wa orodha hiyo ni huko.

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Lakini kuna search
bar chini sana

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ambayo inafanya kuwa rahisi kutambua
maoni maalum kwamba kweli

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wanataka Drag katika user interface yako.

192
00:09:22,020 --> 00:09:23,560
>> Kupatikana studio yangu.

193
00:09:23,560 --> 00:09:28,430
Mimi nina kwenda Drag ni hapa, moja kwa moja
kwenye sampuli yangu ya maombi.

194
00:09:28,430 --> 00:09:30,130
Right pale katikati inaonekana nzuri.

195
00:09:30,130 --> 00:09:33,180
Na mimi nina kwenda aina "Hello World!"

196
00:09:33,180 --> 00:09:33,810
Hit Enter.

197
00:09:33,810 --> 00:09:34,877
Sasa nina studio.

198
00:09:34,877 --> 00:09:36,960
Ni haina kuangalia kama ni
unaozingatia kabisa vizuri.

199
00:09:36,960 --> 00:09:38,500
Hivyo siwezi kujaribu re-kituo cha hivyo.

200
00:09:38,500 --> 00:09:42,100
Kwa bahati nzuri inatoa haya
humwongoa kufanya mambo rahisi sana.

201
00:09:42,100 --> 00:09:44,130
Mimi nina kwenda kujaribu kukusanya yake.

202
00:09:44,130 --> 00:09:46,570
Hopefully itakuwa kweli kazi hapa.

203
00:09:46,570 --> 00:09:52,870
Na kama hana, katika muda tu
itakuwa kwa kweli kuonekana kwenye iPad yangu.

204
00:09:52,870 --> 00:09:54,360
Ni haki hapa.

205
00:09:54,360 --> 00:09:55,060
Kuna ni.

206
00:09:55,060 --> 00:09:56,590
>> OK, hivyo hiyo ni yake.

207
00:09:56,590 --> 00:09:57,160
Sisi ni kosa.

208
00:09:57,160 --> 00:09:58,868
Tumeunda yetu sana
maombi ya kwanza.

209
00:09:58,868 --> 00:10:01,330
Sasa ni wazi hii haina kufanya kitu chochote.

210
00:10:01,330 --> 00:10:02,280
Ni tu studio.

211
00:10:02,280 --> 00:10:07,350
Hakuna uhusiano kati ya
user interface na kanuni.

212
00:10:07,350 --> 00:10:10,130
Hivyo kama sisi kweli alitaka
kujenga uhusiano huu,

213
00:10:10,130 --> 00:10:14,790
kama sisi kweli alitaka kuwa na aina fulani
ya mawasiliano kati ya mambo

214
00:10:14,790 --> 00:10:17,540
ambazo zipo juu ya
screen na kificho kwamba

215
00:10:17,540 --> 00:10:19,810
inaruhusu sisi kudhibiti
mambo hayo, basi

216
00:10:19,810 --> 00:10:23,570
sisi kweli wanahitaji
kuangalia code yenyewe.

217
00:10:23,570 --> 00:10:27,000
>> Hivyo hii ni kile kinachoitwa
ViewController.swift.

218
00:10:27,000 --> 00:10:30,080
Na kwa ajili ya, hasa kwa
mipango yako ya kwanza wachache,

219
00:10:30,080 --> 00:10:33,120
hii ni kwenda kuwa aina ya
wingi wa kificho kwamba unaweza enter--

220
00:10:33,120 --> 00:10:35,980
ni kwenda kuwa katika hati hii hapa.

221
00:10:35,980 --> 00:10:38,390
Kuna mengi ya mambo
hiyo ni katika hapa hivyo mbali, haki?

222
00:10:38,390 --> 00:10:42,660
Kuna kuagiza UI kit darasa ni, override,
[? Funk,?] mambo haya yote mbalimbali.

223
00:10:42,660 --> 00:10:45,820
Na ni wazi kabisa nini
ni kwamba wote wa hii ina maana.

224
00:10:45,820 --> 00:10:48,570
Basi hebu kuchukua hatua nyuma mbali
kutoka Xcode kwa muda kidogo

225
00:10:48,570 --> 00:10:52,420
na kuangalia lugha yenyewe, mwepesi.

226
00:10:52,420 --> 00:10:56,370
>> Hivyo, pamoja na mwepesi, ilikuwa katika
kubuni na maendeleo

227
00:10:56,370 --> 00:10:58,645
katika Apple kwa karibu nne
miaka ufahamu wangu.

228
00:10:58,645 --> 00:11:01,270
Na kuna wanandoa wa makala
kuhusu suala hilo kuwa ni kweli nadhifu.

229
00:11:01,270 --> 00:11:03,910
Awali ya yote, ni ulioandaliwa
lugha, tu kama C.

230
00:11:03,910 --> 00:11:06,120
Hivyo wewe kwanza na
kukusanya yake na kisha kuendesha

231
00:11:06,120 --> 00:11:09,580
kabla unaweza kweli
kutekeleza kanuni kwamba matokeo.

232
00:11:09,580 --> 00:11:14,250
Lakini kuna, tofauti na C, maingiliano
haraka kwamba unaweza kweli kuendesha

233
00:11:14,250 --> 00:11:16,680
na aina amri kiholela ndani.

234
00:11:16,680 --> 00:11:20,280
Na sana kama JavaScript console,
ambayo unaweza kuwa na mazoea na sasa,

235
00:11:20,280 --> 00:11:24,506
ni kweli itakuwa kutathmini wale
amri na kutoa na wewe pato.

236
00:11:24,506 --> 00:11:26,380
Na wameweza hata kuchukuliwa
kwamba ngazi ya pili

237
00:11:26,380 --> 00:11:29,100
na wameweza kuundwa kitu
kuitwa playgrounds katika Xcode

238
00:11:29,100 --> 00:11:31,720
kwamba kuruhusu
kuibua kazi na kanuni.

239
00:11:31,720 --> 00:11:34,910
Na tutaweza kweli kuona baadhi ya mifano
ya kwamba katika kidogo tu.

240
00:11:34,910 --> 00:11:41,680
Ni kulingana na C. C underlies
hivyo, kwa sababu yote ya compilers

241
00:11:41,680 --> 00:11:46,820
kujenga code nje ya C na
kujenga kitu kificho kutoka humo.

242
00:11:46,820 --> 00:11:49,240
Lakini ni kweli hisa
kiasi kidogo syntax.

243
00:11:49,240 --> 00:11:50,721
Itakuwa kuangalia haki tofauti.

244
00:11:50,721 --> 00:11:51,970
Kutakuwa na baadhi yanayofanana.

245
00:11:51,970 --> 00:11:54,140
Lakini kuna ni kwenda kuwa
tofauti kabisa chache

246
00:11:54,140 --> 00:11:57,200
ikilinganishwa na, kusema, JavaScript au PHP.

247
00:11:57,200 --> 00:11:59,070
Na tutaweza uhakika hizi
nje katika muda tu.

248
00:11:59,070 --> 00:12:01,420
>> Sasa moja ya mambo makubwa
kuhusu mwepesi hiyo ni nzuri

249
00:12:01,420 --> 00:12:05,650
ni kwamba, hasa ikilinganishwa
kwa C, ni maana ya kuwa salama.

250
00:12:05,650 --> 00:12:08,100
Kila kitu katika ni maana ya
kuwa nguvu sana typed katika.

251
00:12:08,100 --> 00:12:10,780
Kwa kweli ni karibu annoying
mara ya kwanza, wakati wewe kwanza

252
00:12:10,780 --> 00:12:15,610
kuanza kufanya kazi na mwepesi, tu jinsi
kiasi utekelezaji aina kila mahali.

253
00:12:15,610 --> 00:12:17,860
Chochote ambacho kamba
ina kubaki kamba.

254
00:12:17,860 --> 00:12:22,100
Ni vigumu sana kutatua ya kubadilisha
au kushinikiza ni katika baadhi ya aina nyingine.

255
00:12:22,100 --> 00:12:23,800
>> Na tena, tutaweza kuonyesha mifano ya hili.

256
00:12:23,800 --> 00:12:26,830
Lakini hatimaye kutambua kwamba
hii ni maana ya kulinda wewe,

257
00:12:26,830 --> 00:12:32,010
na katika wewe I mean code yako, kutoka
crashing katika baadhi ya njia ya kutisha wakati

258
00:12:32,010 --> 00:12:34,330
una aina fulani ya mismatched aina.

259
00:12:34,330 --> 00:12:36,040
Na tena, kazi na yake.

260
00:12:36,040 --> 00:12:40,210
Sababu itakuwa frustrating kwa mara ya kwanza
kama wewe kujaribu kufikiri kwa nini hasa

261
00:12:40,210 --> 00:12:43,070
wewe ni kupata hii isiyo ya kawaida
kosa kushughulika na aina.

262
00:12:43,070 --> 00:12:45,350
Lakini itakuwa thamani yake katika mwisho.

263
00:12:45,350 --> 00:12:47,267
>> Haina kukabiliana na moja kwa moja
usimamizi wa kumbukumbu,

264
00:12:47,267 --> 00:12:49,100
hivyo hakuna tena kufanya wewe
kuwa na kushughulika na mambo

265
00:12:49,100 --> 00:12:51,400
kama malloc na bure na wote
ya aina ya mambo haya.

266
00:12:51,400 --> 00:12:53,066
Na ni pia iliyoundwa kwa ajili generalities.

267
00:12:53,066 --> 00:12:58,360
Hivyo wakati tunaweza kutumia Xcode kwa
kuunda programu iOS na maombi Mac,

268
00:12:58,360 --> 00:13:00,380
tunaweza pia tu matumizi yake
kama lugha ya scripting.

269
00:13:00,380 --> 00:13:03,660
Na ili tuweze kutumia ni aina
ya badala ya PHP au badala

270
00:13:03,660 --> 00:13:07,800
ya Python kwa kweli
haraka Hazrat na mchakato

271
00:13:07,800 --> 00:13:09,800
baadhi data kwamba tuna juu ya kompyuta yetu.

272
00:13:09,800 --> 00:13:13,290
>> Ni ina aina mbalimbali za kisasa
makala, optionals, mutability,

273
00:13:13,290 --> 00:13:17,900
dawa za kurefusha maisha, kufungwa, na mengi ya hii
mambo unaweza au anaweza kutambua.

274
00:13:17,900 --> 00:13:22,810
Na ni tu aina ya bahati mbaya
sehemu ya lugha ambayo baadhi ya hizi

275
00:13:22,810 --> 00:13:26,700
aina ya futuristic, mambo ya kisasa kwamba
zilizomo ndani ya mambo ni

276
00:13:26,700 --> 00:13:34,520
hivyo imeshinikizwa kwamba mimi kwa kweli mapenzi
na kufundisha CS50.5 kidogo.

277
00:13:34,520 --> 00:13:37,305
>> Sisi na kujifunza kidogo zaidi
kuhusu baadhi ya vipengele ili

278
00:13:37,305 --> 00:13:40,180
kwa kweli kuelewa nini kinaendelea
juu na ili uweze kuangalia code

279
00:13:40,180 --> 00:13:42,450
na si kuhisi waliopotea kabisa.

280
00:13:42,450 --> 00:13:44,820
Na utaona nini namaanisha
na kwamba katika dakika moja tu.

281
00:13:44,820 --> 00:13:47,830
OK, hivyo let's-- kutosha ya hii
aina ya mambo ya kinadharia.

282
00:13:47,830 --> 00:13:52,450
Hebu kweli kuangalia wetu
kwanza kabisa mwepesi wa mpango.

283
00:13:52,450 --> 00:13:53,590
Ni mstari mmoja wa code.

284
00:13:53,590 --> 00:13:57,690
Line 14 haki hapa, ni
anasema magazeti l n hodi CS50.

285
00:13:57,690 --> 00:14:01,160
>> Hivyo kuna michache ya mambo ambayo ni
tofauti sana kuhusu huu ikilinganishwa

286
00:14:01,160 --> 00:14:04,140
kwa mambo ambayo unaweza kuwa
kutumika kutoka C, kwa mfano.

287
00:14:04,140 --> 00:14:08,390
Mmoja wao ni kwamba hakuna
intmain, hakuna ni pamoja na sehemu,

288
00:14:08,390 --> 00:14:10,790
kuna hakuna ya mambo haya ya ziada.

289
00:14:10,790 --> 00:14:13,790
The pamoja, kama standard
I / O, kama maktaba

290
00:14:13,790 --> 00:14:16,580
kwamba kweli kutoa
makala ya kiwango ya lugha,

291
00:14:16,580 --> 00:14:19,180
ni moja kwa moja ni pamoja na kama
sehemu ya mwepesi ya kiwango maktaba

292
00:14:19,180 --> 00:14:20,680
na kwamba ni moja kwa moja kutoka nje.

293
00:14:20,680 --> 00:14:23,740
Huna kufanya
kwamba kuagiza manually.

294
00:14:23,740 --> 00:14:27,360
>> Intmain haipo kwa sababu
kuu kuingia kwa kificho

295
00:14:27,360 --> 00:14:29,470
ni kweli katika
mwanzo wa kanuni.

296
00:14:29,470 --> 00:14:32,000
Hivyo kanuni yoyote kwamba una
kuanzia mwanzo

297
00:14:32,000 --> 00:14:34,940
kweli ni lazima ifanyike mwanzoni.

298
00:14:34,940 --> 00:14:36,520
Hivyo hii simplifies kweli sana.

299
00:14:36,520 --> 00:14:38,470
Taarifa pia, kwamba hakuna semicolon.

300
00:14:38,470 --> 00:14:41,040
Hakuna semicolons katika lugha hii.

301
00:14:41,040 --> 00:14:43,261
Unaweza kuweka taarifa
juu ya line ya mtu binafsi

302
00:14:43,261 --> 00:14:45,510
na kisha mstari wa pili
inawakilisha kauli nyingine.

303
00:14:45,510 --> 00:14:47,420
Kama unataka kuweka
kauli mulitiple online,

304
00:14:47,420 --> 00:14:49,086
basi una kujitenga na semicolons.

305
00:14:49,086 --> 00:14:50,940
Lakini kwa sehemu kubwa,
kwa mtindo mzuri, tuko

306
00:14:50,940 --> 00:14:56,530
kamwe kwenda kuona semicolons kwa
madhumuni ya kutenganisha kauli

307
00:14:56,530 --> 00:14:58,420
katika mwepesi.

308
00:14:58,420 --> 00:14:59,820
Hivyo ni jinsi gani hii kwa kweli kazi?

309
00:14:59,820 --> 00:15:04,080
Naam sana kama C sisi
kweli kuwa na kukusanya hii.

310
00:15:04,080 --> 00:15:10,640
Na ili tuweze kufanya kwamba kwa kutumia
mwepesi c na kisha 1.swift.

311
00:15:10,640 --> 00:15:13,850
Na kisha baada ya wanandoa
dakika hii kukusanya

312
00:15:13,850 --> 00:15:16,340
na kisha siwezi kukimbia bidhaa moja.

313
00:15:16,340 --> 00:15:19,691
Na kuliko itakuwa tu kusema "Hello CS50."

314
00:15:19,691 --> 00:15:20,690
Ajabu, hivyo kuna sisi kwenda.

315
00:15:20,690 --> 00:15:22,273
Kuna kwanza mpango wetu hodi dunia ni.

316
00:15:22,273 --> 00:15:24,790
Hebu hoja juu ya namba mbili.

317
00:15:24,790 --> 00:15:30,450
>> Sasa katika this-- hii imebadilika
kidogo, kwa sababu wakati wewe kawaida

318
00:15:30,450 --> 00:15:34,720
do-- kwa kweli daima gani una
kukusanya maombi mwepesi kabla

319
00:15:34,720 --> 00:15:37,180
kweli kukimbia ubaya wake moja
ya sifa kubwa

320
00:15:37,180 --> 00:15:40,230
kwamba mimi alluded kabla ni kwamba
mwepesi kweli anaweza kutumika katika aina

321
00:15:40,230 --> 00:15:43,390
ya mode Pseudo-interpretive, kuna
kwa kweli ni kama mkalimani.

322
00:15:43,390 --> 00:15:46,690
Lakini nini hii kufanya ni pale
ni, kwa kweli, maombi mwepesi

323
00:15:46,690 --> 00:15:47,520
kwamba unaweza kukimbia.

324
00:15:47,520 --> 00:15:51,050
>> Hivyo kwa mfano kama wewe tu aina
mwepesi hapa, nini kitatokea

325
00:15:51,050 --> 00:15:52,330
ni kwamba utapata haraka.

326
00:15:52,330 --> 00:15:59,040
Na unaweza aina mwepesi yako
code, magazeti hello, na kukimbia nayo.

327
00:15:59,040 --> 00:16:01,867
Na itakuwa kweli print--
vizuri, haikuwa magazeti katika kesi hii

328
00:16:01,867 --> 00:16:04,450
sababu kuchapishwa na unaozingatia
nje, ambayo ni kutoonekana hapa.

329
00:16:04,450 --> 00:16:06,660
Lakini ni kweli uwezo wa kufanya kazi.

330
00:16:06,660 --> 00:16:09,580
Na hivyo katika kesi hii, mimi nina tu
kwenda kutumia hii kama script.

331
00:16:09,580 --> 00:16:11,259
Na naweza kweli kukimbia code hii huko.

332
00:16:11,259 --> 00:16:13,800
Hivyo njia kwamba mimi kwa kweli kukimbia
itakuwa tofauti kidogo,

333
00:16:13,800 --> 00:16:15,710
lakini utaona kwamba katika muda tu.

334
00:16:15,710 --> 00:16:18,890
Sasa, katika kesi hii nini tunakwenda
kufanya ni kwanza kufafanua kutofautiana.

335
00:16:18,890 --> 00:16:22,160
Hivyo hii ni jinsi sisi kufafanua
variable katika wepesi,

336
00:16:22,160 --> 00:16:25,900
ni sisi kutumia let keyword, ikifuatiwa
kwa jina la kutofautiana,

337
00:16:25,900 --> 00:16:29,280
na kisha sisi kutoa baadhi ya
initializing data hiari.

338
00:16:29,280 --> 00:16:34,660
Hivyo kesi hii sisi ni kufafanua
mara kwa mara kuitwa jina,

339
00:16:34,660 --> 00:16:37,775
na tunakwenda kutumia katika
pato la magazeti line yetu

340
00:16:37,775 --> 00:16:39,590
chini sana, hello jina.

341
00:16:39,590 --> 00:16:43,260
>> Sasa taarifa kwamba badala ya kutumia% s,
tunaweza kurejelea jina la hii

342
00:16:43,260 --> 00:16:49,960
variable katika / () na kuwa na uwezo wa
concatenate katika maudhui ya hii

343
00:16:49,960 --> 00:16:51,790
kamba katika kamba hii.

344
00:16:51,790 --> 00:16:56,510
Sasa tofauti C, kamba ni
halisi ya aina halisi katika mwepesi.

345
00:16:56,510 --> 00:16:59,240
Na hivyo yapo sambamba
ints na sambamba

346
00:16:59,240 --> 00:17:02,220
DOUBLES kwa urahisi sana
na asili ikilinganishwa

347
00:17:02,220 --> 00:17:05,450
baadhi ya wengine
lugha ambayo tumeona.

348
00:17:05,450 --> 00:17:07,980
Hivyo hii ingekuwa kweli kazi
kama ungependa kutarajia.

349
00:17:07,980 --> 00:17:10,540
>> Siwezi kukimbia 2.swift.

350
00:17:10,540 --> 00:17:14,390
Na tunaona kwamba jina langu ni
kweli spliced ​​katika, "Hello Dan."

351
00:17:14,390 --> 00:17:16,050
OK, kutisha.

352
00:17:16,050 --> 00:17:17,485
Kuhamia kwenye namba tatu.

353
00:17:17,485 --> 00:17:19,359
Sasa ni kidogo
ya uongo nyeupe kwamba mimi

354
00:17:19,359 --> 00:17:23,369
alisema kuwa njia ya kwamba sisi kutangaza
vigezo ilikuwa kutumia let keyword.

355
00:17:23,369 --> 00:17:27,640
Mara nyingi kama unaweza uwezekano unaweza kufanya
wanataka kutumia basi, kwa sababu kile kwamba hana

356
00:17:27,640 --> 00:17:29,280
ni amefafanua mara kwa mara.

357
00:17:29,280 --> 00:17:33,010
Na kwamba anaelezea mwepesi kwamba unaweza
kuongeza kasi ya maombi yako

358
00:17:33,010 --> 00:17:36,230
sababu anajua kwamba
variable ni si kwenda na mabadiliko.

359
00:17:36,230 --> 00:17:38,760
>> Hivyo kutathmini kwa makini
wakati wewe ni kwenda kutumia

360
00:17:38,760 --> 00:17:41,382
kutofautiana kwa
madhumuni ya kubadilisha.

361
00:17:41,382 --> 00:17:43,340
Na wakati wewe kwenda
kujenga variable tu

362
00:17:43,340 --> 00:17:47,010
kushikilia baadhi data na kwamba ni
si kweli kwenda na mabadiliko.

363
00:17:47,010 --> 00:17:50,150
Hivyo dhana hii ya faradhi,
siyo kweli kwenda na mabadiliko,

364
00:17:50,150 --> 00:17:53,740
ni moja muhimu hata kama
mbali chini kama kufafanua vigezo.

365
00:17:53,740 --> 00:17:56,870
Hivyo hapa tumekuwa defined jina,
basi jina, na katika kesi hii

366
00:17:56,870 --> 00:18:02,120
ni mara kwa mara, ambayo ni ya aina
kamba, na ni sawa na Dan.

367
00:18:02,120 --> 00:18:05,580
>> Hivyo wakati katika kabla
toleo, ni infers-- na kwa "it"

368
00:18:05,580 --> 00:18:08,220
I mean swift-- mwepesi
infers aina ya data

369
00:18:08,220 --> 00:18:10,850
kwamba tumekuwa aliingia katika kutofautiana.

370
00:18:10,850 --> 00:18:12,930
Katika kesi hiyo, tunaweza kuwa wazi.

371
00:18:12,930 --> 00:18:17,590
Hivyo basi basi jina la hii
kutofautiana ni jina, basi koloni.

372
00:18:17,590 --> 00:18:21,350
Na baada ya koloni kufanya sisi
kutaja aina ya data.

373
00:18:21,350 --> 00:18:24,694
Hivyo tena ni jina int au
kamba jina au kitu kama hicho.

374
00:18:24,694 --> 00:18:26,860
Lakini badala basi studio, tuko
kufafanua kama au si

375
00:18:26,860 --> 00:18:29,090
ni mara kwa mara au variable,
ikifuatiwa na jina,

376
00:18:29,090 --> 00:18:31,870
ikifuatiwa na aina hiari.

377
00:18:31,870 --> 00:18:34,730
>> Hivyo katika kesi hii sisi ni kufafanua
jina hili ni kamba.

378
00:18:34,730 --> 00:18:35,790
Sisi ni kusema ni Dan.

379
00:18:35,790 --> 00:18:39,270
Na sasa mimi na mwingine kutofautiana,
katika kesi hii ni kuitwa studio.

380
00:18:39,270 --> 00:18:42,090
Lakini taarifa kwamba ni
prefixed na var keyword.

381
00:18:42,090 --> 00:18:44,430
njia var keyword
kwamba variable hii unaweza

382
00:18:44,430 --> 00:18:48,720
kubadilishwa katika hatua ya baadaye katika
muda, mahali fulani chini ya katika kanuni

383
00:18:48,720 --> 00:18:52,480
tunaweza kweli mabadiliko yake na
si kutupa kosa lolote fulani.

384
00:18:52,480 --> 00:18:56,760
>> Tunaweza kufanya standard concatenating
operator hapa kwa kutumia plus ishara

385
00:18:56,760 --> 00:19:00,130
kwa kweli kuongeza wetu
jina katika kamba hii.

386
00:19:00,130 --> 00:19:02,921
Na kisha tunaweza magazeti nje
kama tuliona tu wakati iliyopita.

387
00:19:02,921 --> 00:19:04,920
Sasa hebu kusema kwamba
wanataka kujenga variable

388
00:19:04,920 --> 00:19:06,586
lakini hawataki initialize yake bado.

389
00:19:06,586 --> 00:19:08,590
Huwezi bado wanataka
kuweka data yoyote ndani yake.

390
00:19:08,590 --> 00:19:11,760
Naam mniambie
mwepesi ni aina gani ya data

391
00:19:11,760 --> 00:19:16,430
ni kwenda kuwa kabla unaweza
kweli kufafanua vizuri.

392
00:19:16,430 --> 00:19:20,360
>> Hivyo katika kesi hii, wakati tumekuwa defined
variable kuitwa daraja sisi kuwa

393
00:19:20,360 --> 00:19:24,450
wazi juu ya aina yake, kwa sababu
haiwezi kudai kuangalia tu

394
00:19:24,450 --> 00:19:27,300
katika data initialized
kwamba wewe kutoa hiyo.

395
00:19:27,300 --> 00:19:30,050
Itakuwa kutupa kosa kama wewe
tu aina var daraja, kwa mfano,

396
00:19:30,050 --> 00:19:31,830
kwa sababu hana aina hiyo.

397
00:19:31,830 --> 00:19:33,353
Hivyo daraja = 100.

398
00:19:33,353 --> 00:19:35,790
Hivyo kwamba 100 ni integer, ni
inafaa nicely sana katika hiyo.

399
00:19:35,790 --> 00:19:36,998
Ni itaendelea kufanya kazi.

400
00:19:36,998 --> 00:19:40,350

401
00:19:40,350 --> 00:19:43,022
Tunaweza kuona jinsi basi sisi
unaweza concatenate hii katika.

402
00:19:43,022 --> 00:19:44,730
Sasa unaweza kuwa
kujaribiwa, kama kweli

403
00:19:44,730 --> 00:19:48,610
alitaka concatenate
daraja katika kamba mwingine wa maandishi,

404
00:19:48,610 --> 00:19:52,560
ndani ya kamba mwingine, kuwa wewe tu
kutumia concatenating operator huo.

405
00:19:52,560 --> 00:19:54,630
Na kwamba kwa kawaida kuwa kweli.

406
00:19:54,630 --> 00:20:00,540
Lakini mwepesi si kuruhusu
implicitly kubadilisha aina ya data.

407
00:20:00,540 --> 00:20:03,440
Hivyo katika kesi hii, hii
line, 25, kushindwa

408
00:20:03,440 --> 00:20:06,650
kwa sababu daraja ni
integer na si kamba.

409
00:20:06,650 --> 00:20:08,760
Na hivyo kuna mismatch seti ya aina.

410
00:20:08,760 --> 00:20:11,780
Hivyo wewe kuwa wazi wakati
unataka mabadiliko data hii,

411
00:20:11,780 --> 00:20:14,080
wakati unataka kushinikiza hii
data katika aina mbalimbali

412
00:20:14,080 --> 00:20:17,250
na kusema, OK, nataka kuchukua
daraja hii, ambayo ni integer,

413
00:20:17,250 --> 00:20:19,050
na kubadilisha kwa kutumia kamba.

414
00:20:19,050 --> 00:20:23,970
>> Hivyo mimi kuchukua mji mkuu s String yote ya
aina, utasikia taarifa, ni mtaji,

415
00:20:23,970 --> 00:20:26,280
Int, Double, Kamba, kadhalika na kadhalika.

416
00:20:26,280 --> 00:20:28,930
Wote ni mtaji
tu kufanya mambo rahisi.

417
00:20:28,930 --> 00:20:32,240
Na tutaweza kusema capitalize
Kamba kupita ndani yake daraja.

418
00:20:32,240 --> 00:20:35,020
Na itakuwa kujenga
kamba nje ya kwamba integer.

419
00:20:35,020 --> 00:20:37,970
Na kisha tunaweza concatenate
mbili nicely sana.

420
00:20:37,970 --> 00:20:40,500
Maswali yoyote juu ya mambo haya hadi sasa?

421
00:20:40,500 --> 00:20:43,770
Haki wote, hebu kulima
kupitia namba nne.

422
00:20:43,770 --> 00:20:47,870
>> Sasa hebu majadiliano juu ya baadhi ya juu zaidi
miundo, kama arrays na loops.

423
00:20:47,870 --> 00:20:54,920
Na tofauti na C, arrays katika mwepesi
si kuwakilishwa na kuyatumia.

424
00:20:54,920 --> 00:20:58,730
Kuyatumia katika wepesi,
ingawa zipo, aitwaye

425
00:20:58,730 --> 00:21:02,840
kama kuyatumia salama au
baadhi ya aina hiyo kama hii,

426
00:21:02,840 --> 00:21:04,950
re si wazi kwa wewe kawaida.

427
00:21:04,950 --> 00:21:07,300
Hivyo inakuwa vigumu sana
kwa wewe kuendesha

428
00:21:07,300 --> 00:21:10,020
kumbukumbu moja kwa moja ya kompyuta yako.

429
00:21:10,020 --> 00:21:11,670
>> Hivyo arrays ni aina tu data.

430
00:21:11,670 --> 00:21:16,830
Na wao ni inatazamwa kwa kutumia aina hii
ya sasa kiwango mraba bracket nukuu

431
00:21:16,830 --> 00:21:18,280
kwamba ve kuonekana kabla.

432
00:21:18,280 --> 00:21:21,130
Lakini wakati wewe kweli unataka
kufafanua aina ya kutofautiana

433
00:21:21,130 --> 00:21:24,330
kama safu ya baadhi
aina fulani, basi

434
00:21:24,330 --> 00:21:27,150
kuweka kwamba aina katika mabano mraba.

435
00:21:27,150 --> 00:21:30,260
Hivyo ninachosema hapa ni kwamba
Mimi nina kujenga variable kuitwa

436
00:21:30,260 --> 00:21:33,930
darasa ya aina int safu.

437
00:21:33,930 --> 00:21:37,380
Na mimi nina kuweka kwamba sawa na baadhi
data initialized, ambayo katika kesi hii

438
00:21:37,380 --> 00:21:42,960
ni 100, 0, 90, 85, ambayo ni tu
ukusanyaji wa darasa holela hapa.

439
00:21:42,960 --> 00:21:46,480
Sasa katika kesi hii mimi naweza,
kumbuka, kuondoa aina,

440
00:21:46,480 --> 00:21:49,580
na itakuwa na uwezo wa kudai ni
kulingana na data initialized.

441
00:21:49,580 --> 00:21:51,990
Lakini kama mimi kuondolewa huu na
Mimi zinahitajika kuweka baadaye,

442
00:21:51,990 --> 00:21:56,840
basi napenda kuwa na kuhakikisha
kwamba mimi kuwa na aina huko.

443
00:21:56,840 --> 00:21:58,750
Haki wote, hebu hoja pamoja.

444
00:21:58,750 --> 00:22:03,010
Hivyo sisi can-- arrays
kutoa kwetu aina

445
00:22:03,010 --> 00:22:07,130
ya mbinu kwa njia ya kuwa dot nukuu
saa wewe ni pengine sasa familiar with.

446
00:22:07,130 --> 00:22:10,360
Hivyo grades.count, kwa mfano,
anatueleza just simu

447
00:22:10,360 --> 00:22:13,680
ya mambo ambayo ni
zilizomo ndani ya safu hii.

448
00:22:13,680 --> 00:22:17,260
>> Kama mimi nataka kuongeza additional--
sasa taarifa kwamba hii ni var

449
00:22:17,260 --> 00:22:20,140
na not-- hii ni kutofautiana
na si mara kwa mara, ambayo

450
00:22:20,140 --> 00:22:24,410
maana ya kwamba siwezi kubadilisha yaliyomo
wa safu hii, siwezi kuongeza vitu hivyo.

451
00:22:24,410 --> 00:22:28,870
Lakini siwezi kusema tu darasa
na kisha katika mabano mraba

452
00:22:28,870 --> 00:22:33,280
nne, kwa sababu hiyo itakuwa
nje ya mipaka kosa katika kesi hii.

453
00:22:33,280 --> 00:22:36,190
Kama mimi nataka kweli mabadiliko
ukubwa wa safu hii,

454
00:22:36,190 --> 00:22:41,140
Nina kutumia njia dot append kwa
kuongeza kitu kwenye mpaka mwisho kabisa wa hilo.

455
00:22:41,140 --> 00:22:46,900
Naweza, hata hivyo, mabadiliko
mtu binafsi fahirisi.

456
00:22:46,900 --> 00:22:48,920
>> Hivyo mimi naweza kutumia darasa
na mabano kisha mraba

457
00:22:48,920 --> 00:22:52,480
zero kuendesha ripoti hii ya kwanza na
kadhalika, kama wewe ingekuwa kawaida kutarajia.

458
00:22:52,480 --> 00:22:56,530
Na naweza kufanya hivyo kwa kweli
pokea data kutoka kwa kuwa vilevile.

459
00:22:56,530 --> 00:23:00,420
Sasa kuna pia aina ya mbinu dhana
ya kufanya hili, darasa plus sawa

460
00:23:00,420 --> 00:23:02,525
na kisha index mwingine,
ambayo itakuwa append--

461
00:23:02,525 --> 00:23:04,400
au si mwingine index--
lakini orodha nyingine ambayo

462
00:23:04,400 --> 00:23:07,340
itakuwa append orodha hiyo
nyuma ya darasa.

463
00:23:07,340 --> 00:23:09,780
Na darasa mapenzi
kisha vyenye yote.

464
00:23:09,780 --> 00:23:13,850
Lakini hiyo ni aina ya kitu ziada
kwamba mimi nina tu kuonyesha wewe kwa ajili ya kujifurahisha.

465
00:23:13,850 --> 00:23:14,910
>> Sasa kuna kwa kitanzi.

466
00:23:14,910 --> 00:23:18,970
Na huu ni mwanzo wa ambapo
mambo kuanza kubadili kidogo.

467
00:23:18,970 --> 00:23:22,920
Angalia jinsi hii kwa kitanzi ni
mbalimbali kutoka kwa loops katika C.

468
00:23:22,920 --> 00:23:26,470
Sasa mimi kutambua kwamba
kwa loops katika Swift unaweza

469
00:23:26,470 --> 00:23:30,650
kufanywa kwa kuangalia kama kwa loops katika C, lakini
kuna mengi ya constructs muhimu zaidi

470
00:23:30,650 --> 00:23:37,840
kwamba kimsingi kuondokana na haja
kuwa kwa var i sawa 0 semicolon i

471
00:23:37,840 --> 00:23:40,340
ni chini ya baadhi ya urefu,
kadhalika na kadhalika, haki?

472
00:23:40,340 --> 00:23:42,940
Na kujenga hii ni mmoja wao.

473
00:23:42,940 --> 00:23:49,030
>> Kwa index, index ni mpya
kutofautiana, katika kesi hii, katika mbalimbali.

474
00:23:49,030 --> 00:23:52,730
Na ninachosema ni kwamba kuna
mbalimbali kutoka 0 njia yote hadi

475
00:23:52,730 --> 00:23:55,870
lakini si pamoja grades.count.

476
00:23:55,870 --> 00:23:58,470
Hivyo dot dot hii chini
kuliko ishara inawakilisha

477
00:23:58,470 --> 00:24:05,040
mbalimbali ya maadili kuanzia sifuri
njia yote hadi grades.count minus 1.

478
00:24:05,040 --> 00:24:07,070
Kuna tofauti
operator kwamba lipo,

479
00:24:07,070 --> 00:24:13,320
ambayo ni dot dot dot, ambayo ingekuwa
maana kwamba mimi wanataka mbalimbali ya sifuri

480
00:24:13,320 --> 00:24:16,310
kwa darasa kuhesabu umoja.

481
00:24:16,310 --> 00:24:19,130
>> Lakini katika kesi hii, kwa sababu hizi
arrays ni sifuri index, sisi bila shaka

482
00:24:19,130 --> 00:24:23,290
hawataki kwenda
upeo wa idadi ya wanafunzi wa darasa.

483
00:24:23,290 --> 00:24:26,390
Siwezi muhtasari darasa, kama wewe nguvu
kutarajia, na pato wote wa mambo haya.

484
00:24:26,390 --> 00:24:29,620
OK, kuhama.

485
00:24:29,620 --> 00:24:32,270
Sasa hebu majadiliano juu ya kazi.

486
00:24:32,270 --> 00:24:35,465
Ili kufafanua kazi
matumizi funk keyword.

487
00:24:35,465 --> 00:24:38,090
Na tena, katika Swift una
kuwa makini sana na aina.

488
00:24:38,090 --> 00:24:41,530
You kutoa kwa ni vigezo
na kufafanua, kwa mfano,

489
00:24:41,530 --> 00:24:45,440
jina la parameter na
basi katika Colin, aina ya data

490
00:24:45,440 --> 00:24:47,690
kwamba wewe kutarajia kwamba
parameter kukubali.

491
00:24:47,690 --> 00:24:50,700
>> Hivyo katika kesi hii tuna
kazi kuitwa magazeti daraja kuhesabu.

492
00:24:50,700 --> 00:24:54,630
Ni anapokea variable kuitwa gradebook,
au tuseme parameter aitwaye gradebook.

493
00:24:54,630 --> 00:24:59,267
Na sisi ni kutarajia kwamba gradebook
kuwa safu ya integers.

494
00:24:59,267 --> 00:25:01,350
Kama kwamba gradebook ni tupu,
tutaweza magazeti jambo moja.

495
00:25:01,350 --> 00:25:06,090
Vinginevyo tutakuwa magazeti nje ya simu
ya darasa kwamba hii kweli ina.

496
00:25:06,090 --> 00:25:09,470
>> Sasa kama tunataka kurudi
baadhi ya thamani, basi njia

497
00:25:09,470 --> 00:25:14,595
kwamba sisi kurekebisha ufafanuzi huu ni
kwa kweli matumizi mshale keyword,

498
00:25:14,595 --> 00:25:16,870
au kutumia mshale signifier.

499
00:25:16,870 --> 00:25:19,440
Hivyo hapa tunakwenda kufafanua
kazi kuitwa wastani.

500
00:25:19,440 --> 00:25:21,940
Sisi ni kwenda kukubali orodha ya namba.

501
00:25:21,940 --> 00:25:25,430
Na sisi ni kwenda na kurudi
mara mbili, ambayo itakuwa hopefully

502
00:25:25,430 --> 00:25:31,270
kuwa wastani wa safu hii.

503
00:25:31,270 --> 00:25:34,570
Na ili kufanya hivyo, ili
kwa kweli mahesabu ya wastani huu,

504
00:25:34,570 --> 00:25:38,651
tutachukua jumla na sisi ya
Bila shaka kujumulisha yote ya vitu

505
00:25:38,651 --> 00:25:39,400
ndani ya safu hii.

506
00:25:39,400 --> 00:25:41,480
>> Taarifa kwamba kuna mpya
mtindo wa kwa kitanzi hapa.

507
00:25:41,480 --> 00:25:45,450
Hatuna kuwa wazi kuhusu
iterating juu ya kila kipengele moja,

508
00:25:45,450 --> 00:25:48,280
lakini tunaweza badala kusema kwa
daraja na gradebook, maana

509
00:25:48,280 --> 00:25:50,930
kwamba kwa kila moja
bidhaa kwamba tuna katika hili,

510
00:25:50,930 --> 00:25:53,482
kutoa bidhaa kwamba katika hii
variable kuitwa daraja.

511
00:25:53,482 --> 00:25:54,940
Na mimi nataka kufanya kitu kwa hayo.

512
00:25:54,940 --> 00:26:00,350
Hivyo nina kwenda kwa jumla yote ya takwimu hii
na kwa kweli kurudi mgawanyiko mbili.

513
00:26:00,350 --> 00:26:04,436
>> Sasa taarifa tena hapa kuna
dhana ya integer mgawanyiko katika Swift.

514
00:26:04,436 --> 00:26:06,810
Kama unataka mara mbili mgawanyiko
sababu unataka decimals,

515
00:26:06,810 --> 00:26:09,460
basi wewe kuwa wazi,
si upande tu kuhusu moja,

516
00:26:09,460 --> 00:26:14,030
sababu si kwenda kuruhusu
ya kushinikiza data juu ya upande wa hii,

517
00:26:14,030 --> 00:26:17,030
una kweli bila shaka
pande zote mbili katika DOUBLES

518
00:26:17,030 --> 00:26:19,440
hivyo kwamba wewe ni sana
wazi kuhusu kuhakikisha

519
00:26:19,440 --> 00:26:23,370
kwamba wewe ni kufanya mara mbili mgawanyiko.

520
00:26:23,370 --> 00:26:26,150
>> Hebu hoja juu.

521
00:26:26,150 --> 00:26:31,150
Hivyo kama mimi kweli wanataka accept--
hivyo katika mfano huu, hasa

522
00:26:31,150 --> 00:26:34,260
hii bado ni amri
line makao maombi.

523
00:26:34,260 --> 00:26:37,920
Na sisi ni mapya ya kuona baadhi ya
upungufu wa lugha vijana

524
00:26:37,920 --> 00:26:41,850
katika kwamba ingawa tunaweza
kupata hoja kwa kutumia

525
00:26:41,850 --> 00:26:44,940
process.arguments hii, ni
bado si lazima safi

526
00:26:44,940 --> 00:26:46,200
Jambo kwamba tumekuwa milele kuonekana.

527
00:26:46,200 --> 00:26:49,142
Lakini kimsingi mimi moyo
na aina ya kuangalia kanuni hii

528
00:26:49,142 --> 00:26:51,100
na kujaribu kufikiri
nini hasa kinachoendelea.

529
00:26:51,100 --> 00:26:55,030
>> Kimsingi nini kinatokea ni kwamba
sisi ni kuchukua orodha ya hoja

530
00:26:55,030 --> 00:26:57,610
na walikuwa coercing yao katika
integers, na kisha sisi ni

531
00:26:57,610 --> 00:27:03,620
kwenda kutumia kama njia ya magazeti
nje wastani wa wote wa darasa yetu.

532
00:27:03,620 --> 00:27:06,150

533
00:27:06,150 --> 00:27:07,350
Kuhama.

534
00:27:07,350 --> 00:27:11,190
Sasa kuna aina nyingine ya data--
data mwingine aina badala ya arrays

535
00:27:11,190 --> 00:27:14,940
kuitwa Mkwawa, ambayo ni sana
sawa na hash meza au ramani hash

536
00:27:14,940 --> 00:27:18,560
na ni sawa pia kwa
PHP ya associative arrays.

537
00:27:18,560 --> 00:27:20,770
Hivyo kuwa dhana
funguo na maadili.

538
00:27:20,770 --> 00:27:23,780
>> Na wao ni defined pia na
hii mraba bracket nukuu,

539
00:27:23,780 --> 00:27:26,750
lakini tofauti ni
kwamba Mkwawa na

540
00:27:26,750 --> 00:27:29,370
ndani ya bracket mraba, koloni.

541
00:27:29,370 --> 00:27:33,850
Na koloni hutenganisha data
aina hiyo ni muhimu na thamani.

542
00:27:33,850 --> 00:27:38,540
Hivyo katika kesi hii, mimi nina kwenda kujenga
kamusi kukubali baadhi darasa.

543
00:27:38,540 --> 00:27:44,200
Na ni kwenda kuwa
ya kamba aina: int,

544
00:27:44,200 --> 00:27:46,940
ambayo ina maana kwamba wote wa
funguo ni kwenda kuwa masharti,

545
00:27:46,940 --> 00:27:53,080
na wote wa maadili ya wale
funguo ni kwenda kuwa integers.

546
00:27:53,080 --> 00:27:55,780
>> Nini maana ya hii ni kwamba naweza
kisha rejea data maalum

547
00:27:55,780 --> 00:28:00,490
kwamba mimi nataka kutumia funguo hizo badala
kuliko kutumia fahirisi numeric kama mimi

548
00:28:00,490 --> 00:28:04,350
ingekuwa kwa ajili ya safu ya kiwango.

549
00:28:04,350 --> 00:28:06,470
Sasa hebu angalia, kuna
jambo moja muhimu

550
00:28:06,470 --> 00:28:10,790
kwamba mimi pia wanataka kutaja kuhusu
mlolongo huu hasa wa kanuni.

551
00:28:10,790 --> 00:28:12,910
Na kwamba ni kwamba kuna
aina nyingine ya data,

552
00:28:12,910 --> 00:28:15,580
au tuseme kuna hii
wazo la data kwamba ni

553
00:28:15,580 --> 00:28:18,340
zilizomo ndani ya Swift kuitwa optionals.

554
00:28:18,340 --> 00:28:21,270
>> Na nini optionals maana yake ni
kwamba inatambua ukweli

555
00:28:21,270 --> 00:28:27,500
kwamba wakati mwingine wewe si kwenda kwa
kupata data kwamba kweli kutarajia.

556
00:28:27,500 --> 00:28:31,400
Na hivyo kile mimi maana na kwamba is-- hebu
tuangalie mlolongo huu wa kanuni

557
00:28:31,400 --> 00:28:38,910
ambayo iterates juu ya yote ya
hoja kwamba walikuwa kupita kwa kanuni hii

558
00:28:38,910 --> 00:28:43,460
na anajaribu kubadili yao, inajaribu
umegawanyika katika aina ya masharti,

559
00:28:43,460 --> 00:28:47,310
sababu anapokea sana
aina fulani ya hoja.

560
00:28:47,310 --> 00:28:51,530
Na basi ni kwenda kujaribu kushinikiza
masharti kwamba kuwakilisha idadi

561
00:28:51,530 --> 00:28:55,460
ndani ya integers kwamba ni darasa,
kwamba naweza kisha compute.

562
00:28:55,460 --> 00:28:58,230
>> Hivyo kimsingi mimi nina kwenda
kutumia hii kazi mgawanyiko kwamba

563
00:28:58,230 --> 00:29:00,080
ipo ndani ya
Swift standard maktaba.

564
00:29:00,080 --> 00:29:03,720
Mimi nina kwenda kupita ndani yake
kamba kwamba nataka kupasuliwa.

565
00:29:03,720 --> 00:29:06,980
Na kisha katika kutumia hii
aina ya funky syntax, ambayo

566
00:29:06,980 --> 00:29:09,670
Mimi sijui kama tutaweza
kupata, lakini labda, sisi

567
00:29:09,670 --> 00:29:14,320
kweli bayana sahihi
tabia kwamba tunataka umegawanyika katika.

568
00:29:14,320 --> 00:29:16,030
Basi nini hii kweli kuangalia kama?

569
00:29:16,030 --> 00:29:18,740
Hebu tuangalie
kweli mbio kanuni hii.

570
00:29:18,740 --> 00:29:22,000
>> Hivyo kwa mfano, hebu sema nina
Jaribio na I got 50 juu ya hilo.

571
00:29:22,000 --> 00:29:23,960
Na mimi kuwa psets na
I got mia juu ya hilo.

572
00:29:23,960 --> 00:29:29,180
Na mimi got-- kuna mwingine
Jaribio na I got 40 juu ya hilo.

573
00:29:29,180 --> 00:29:33,520
Mimi hit Enter, na hatimaye nini
kitatokea ni kwamba nini ni kufanya

574
00:29:33,520 --> 00:29:37,730
ni kuchukua vigezo hizi, kugawanyika
masharti katika colons haya,

575
00:29:37,730 --> 00:29:41,390
kutambua kwamba kuna
mambo mawili katika kila mmoja,

576
00:29:41,390 --> 00:29:43,700
na ni kimsingi
kuweka wimbo wa kila mmoja.

577
00:29:43,700 --> 00:29:49,226
>> Hivyo nina katika kamusi yangu quiz, ambaye
thamani ya kuwakilishwa na idadi 50,

578
00:29:49,226 --> 00:29:54,290
Nina pset ambayo ina thamani ya 100,
na jaribio moja ambayo ina thamani ya 40.

579
00:29:54,290 --> 00:29:57,400
Kisha baadaye katika code mimi
kweli wastani yote ya maadili hayo

580
00:29:57,400 --> 00:30:01,160
na orodha yote ya funguo za
kwamba kamusi fulani.

581
00:30:01,160 --> 00:30:03,217
Lakini hii ni muhimu
ili uweze taarifa

582
00:30:03,217 --> 00:30:06,050
kile kinachotokea, ni kwamba kile sisi
wanataka kufanya ni kuchukua kamba hii

583
00:30:06,050 --> 00:30:11,450
na mgawanyiko katika tabia hii,
ambayo tunaweza kufanya tena na mgawanyiko huu

584
00:30:11,450 --> 00:30:15,690
kazi kwa kutumia aina hii ya
kuvutia syntax kwamba ipo hapa.

585
00:30:15,690 --> 00:30:17,880
>> Tu kwa ajili ya sasa kudhani kwamba ni sawa.

586
00:30:17,880 --> 00:30:19,980
Tutaweza kuangalia zaidi katika hili
katika kidogo tu.

587
00:30:19,980 --> 00:30:23,230
Lakini sasa kuna kuvutia
kipengele kwamba sisi kweli

588
00:30:23,230 --> 00:30:27,250
unataka kujaribu kubadili hii
kamba katika integer.

589
00:30:27,250 --> 00:30:29,720
Lakini katika lugha zingine
nini kinaweza kutokea ni

590
00:30:29,720 --> 00:30:33,440
kwamba tunataka pengine kujaribu
kufanya hivyo na ama kupata nyuma

591
00:30:33,440 --> 00:30:36,185
baadhi ya aina ya sentinel
thamani kama hasi moja

592
00:30:36,185 --> 00:30:39,420
au labda null au kitu kama hicho.

593
00:30:39,420 --> 00:30:41,070
Au labda ingekuwa tu unasababishwa makosa.

594
00:30:41,070 --> 00:30:42,820
Na tunataka kuwa na
kisha kupata kosa kwamba

595
00:30:42,820 --> 00:30:44,820
na kisha kujaribu kufanya
kitu kwa kuzingatia ukweli

596
00:30:44,820 --> 00:30:48,280
kwamba uongofu huu
kwa integer alishindwa.

597
00:30:48,280 --> 00:30:50,460
Hiyo ambapo wazo hili
ya optionals huja katika.

598
00:30:50,460 --> 00:30:56,120
Unaweza kweli kujenga aina data kwamba
ni int swali alama, kwa mfano.

599
00:30:56,120 --> 00:30:59,140

600
00:30:59,140 --> 00:31:01,910
Hiyo ina maana kwamba integer hii
ni, kwa kweli, hiari.

601
00:31:01,910 --> 00:31:05,980
Na nini kitatokea ni kwamba inaweza
vyenye integer, au huenda si.

602
00:31:05,980 --> 00:31:10,650
Ni inaweza, kwa kweli, kuwa hii nyingine
wazo, kabisa kuitwa nill.

603
00:31:10,650 --> 00:31:14,900
Katika ambayo ina maana kwamba kuna
hakuna thamani yoyote katika hili.

604
00:31:14,900 --> 00:31:16,810
Ni hata zero,
kuna tu hakuna thamani.

605
00:31:16,810 --> 00:31:18,790
Kuna kabisa hakuna thamani kuwakilishwa.

606
00:31:18,790 --> 00:31:21,650
>> Na kwamba ni nini mstari huu 71 ni kufanya.

607
00:31:21,650 --> 00:31:25,990
Ni kwamba ni kusema kwamba mimi
unataka kujaribu kuweka thamani,

608
00:31:25,990 --> 00:31:31,790
variable kuitwa daraja, sawa na
ubadilishaji wa kamba hii katika int.

609
00:31:31,790 --> 00:31:34,010
Hivyo nimekuwa kuchukuliwa kamba hii,
vipengele hii ya kwanza,

610
00:31:34,010 --> 00:31:37,680
au tuseme pili
vipengele, kwa sababu hii

611
00:31:37,680 --> 00:31:40,770
ni zero indexed, hii
kamba kwamba nimepata kupasuliwa.

612
00:31:40,770 --> 00:31:42,930
Na mimi nataka kubadili
kwamba kwa integer.

613
00:31:42,930 --> 00:31:46,730
Lakini inaweza kuendelea daima
kawaida, kwa sababu kufikiria

614
00:31:46,730 --> 00:31:50,710
nini kingetokea kama, badala ya aina
simu, mimi aina ya shaka kama asdf.

615
00:31:50,710 --> 00:31:51,534
>> Ni kwenda kushindwa.

616
00:31:51,534 --> 00:31:54,200
Ni si kweli kwenda kuwa
uwezo wa kubadilisha kwamba integer

617
00:31:54,200 --> 00:31:55,510
kama napenda kutarajia.

618
00:31:55,510 --> 00:31:58,660
Hivyo badala ya kick off
aina fulani ya makosa,

619
00:31:58,660 --> 00:32:01,210
tuna wazo hili la hiari.

620
00:32:01,210 --> 00:32:04,240
Na hiyo ina maana kwamba kwa kutumia
hii alama ya swali naweza kusema,

621
00:32:04,240 --> 00:32:09,100
OK, inawezekana kwamba naweza kuchukua
hii, waongofu ndani int,

622
00:32:09,100 --> 00:32:12,630
na kuiweka katika kutofautiana,
ambayo pia kuwa int.

623
00:32:12,630 --> 00:32:15,420
Ikiwa hivyo, basi kwamba njia
kwamba hii ilikuwa na mafanikio

624
00:32:15,420 --> 00:32:18,720
na sehemu hii ya kwanza ya
block inaweza kuendelea.

625
00:32:18,720 --> 00:32:21,040
>> Vinginevyo, alishindwa.

626
00:32:21,040 --> 00:32:25,840
Hakuna thamani katika grade-- au
badala hakuna thamani katika zilizopo,

627
00:32:25,840 --> 00:32:30,220
na mimi kwa kweli kuwa na kujaribu
kushughulikia hali hii makosa.

628
00:32:30,220 --> 00:32:33,340
Wewe ni kwenda kuona hii
alama ya swali wakati wote

629
00:32:33,340 --> 00:32:35,990
katika Swift na katika mfano kificho kwa Swift.

630
00:32:35,990 --> 00:32:40,980
Na kwa kweli operator nill, aina hii
ya alama swali, optionals sehemu,

631
00:32:40,980 --> 00:32:45,057
ni kwenda kuwa pengine ni moja
ya mambo magumu zaidi

632
00:32:45,057 --> 00:32:47,640
na aina ya wrap kichwa yako karibu
kweli kama wewe kazi nayo.

633
00:32:47,640 --> 00:32:48,490
>> Ni wanaweza kufanya hisia sasa.

634
00:32:48,490 --> 00:32:50,760
Na kwa kweli, wakati mimi nilikuwa
kuandika sampuli kificho kwa hili,

635
00:32:50,760 --> 00:32:52,780
hakika mimi kueleweka
nini kinachoendelea,

636
00:32:52,780 --> 00:32:55,570
lakini bado hawakupata yangu na
mshangao kila mara nyingi

637
00:32:55,570 --> 00:32:58,370
wakati mimi bila kujua kwamba
baadhi data kweli alikuwa

638
00:32:58,370 --> 00:33:04,024
nil version, toleo hiari
ya data kwamba nilikuwa kutarajia.

639
00:33:04,024 --> 00:33:06,190
Hivyo tu kutambua kwamba kama wewe
na toleo hiari

640
00:33:06,190 --> 00:33:09,360
una unpack kwamba
data kutoka sanduku hili.

641
00:33:09,360 --> 00:33:15,870
>> Hivyo ni aina ya kama I-- kufikiria kama
kuwa na sanduku na ina kitu.

642
00:33:15,870 --> 00:33:18,490
Na nini unahitaji kufanya
ni kuuliza swali,

643
00:33:18,490 --> 00:33:22,800
ni, inawezekana kwamba sanduku hii kwa kweli
ina data kwamba mimi nina kuangalia kwa?

644
00:33:22,800 --> 00:33:28,180
Ikiwa hivyo, basi kuvuta data kwamba nje na
kuiweka katika variable hii zilizopo.

645
00:33:28,180 --> 00:33:32,080
Kama siyo, basi mimi tu na
kupuuza yaliyomo ya sanduku hili

646
00:33:32,080 --> 00:33:34,310
kabisa kwa sababu
literally ina kitu.

647
00:33:34,310 --> 00:33:36,880

648
00:33:36,880 --> 00:33:40,400
>> Maswali yoyote juu ya hili?

649
00:33:40,400 --> 00:33:44,430
OK, hebu hoja mbali na hii
aina ya mstari amri kulingana kitu

650
00:33:44,430 --> 00:33:47,610
na kuanza kuangalia
baadhi ya teknolojia

651
00:33:47,610 --> 00:33:53,060
kwamba Xcode hutoa kwetu
katika mfumo wa playgrounds.

652
00:33:53,060 --> 00:33:56,669
Hivyo kuna mengi ya
uwezo hapa na Swift.

653
00:33:56,669 --> 00:33:59,210
Na kama wewe kufungua Xcode na
anauliza nini unataka kufanya,

654
00:33:59,210 --> 00:34:01,340
unaweza kufungua uwanja wa michezo
na tu kucheza karibu

655
00:34:01,340 --> 00:34:06,200
na mengi ya miundo tofauti
na masuala ya lugha

656
00:34:06,200 --> 00:34:11,800
kabla hata ya kuanza kugusa
iOS SDK au Mac SDK.

657
00:34:11,800 --> 00:34:15,670
>> Hivyo kesi hii, hebu kusema kwamba mimi have--
Nina mfano kiasi contrived

658
00:34:15,670 --> 00:34:18,460
hapa, lakini kuzaa na mimi kama sisi aina
ya kazi kwa njia ya mfano huu.

659
00:34:18,460 --> 00:34:22,639
Hebu kusema kwamba tuna kufanya mengi
wa mashujaa na thamani ya kudumu,

660
00:34:22,639 --> 00:34:26,397
kama tunajua kwamba sisi ni kwenda haja ya
kufanya mengi ya nguvu za mraba, kwa mfano.

661
00:34:26,397 --> 00:34:28,980
Hivyo sisi ni kwenda kuchukua baadhi ya thamani
x, tunakwenda mraba yake,

662
00:34:28,980 --> 00:34:30,540
tunakwenda kuchukua baadhi ya thamani
y na tunakwenda mraba yake.

663
00:34:30,540 --> 00:34:31,780
Kadhalika na kadhalika.

664
00:34:31,780 --> 00:34:35,549
>> Sasa sisi ili kweli kujenga tu
nguvu ya 2 kazi kwa ajili ya hii, sawa?

665
00:34:35,549 --> 00:34:37,090
Hivyo tunatarajia kujenga uwezo wa 2 kazi.

666
00:34:37,090 --> 00:34:38,600
Sisi itabidi kukubali mbili.

667
00:34:38,600 --> 00:34:41,489
Tutaweza output-- au tutaweza
kurudi aina mbili.

668
00:34:41,489 --> 00:34:46,159
Tutaweza kuchukua matokeo haya
kisha kwa mara mbili

669
00:34:46,159 --> 00:34:52,040
nini sisi kweli kuchukua matokeo, ambayo
ilikuwa initialized kwa thamani ya moja,

670
00:34:52,040 --> 00:34:53,090
na kuzidisha ni kwa x.

671
00:34:53,090 --> 00:34:56,540
Hivyo katika kiini tuna x mara x hapa.

672
00:34:56,540 --> 00:35:01,860
>> Na hivyo basi naweza basi, kama sisi anaweza
kutarajia, kuchukua hii, kukimbia nguvu ya 2,

673
00:35:01,860 --> 00:35:03,680
kutoa yake baadhi ya data, mimi kama 2.0.

674
00:35:03,680 --> 00:35:05,756
Na sisi kupata kuona matokeo hapa 4.0.

675
00:35:05,756 --> 00:35:09,200
Kukimbia nguvu ya 2 juu ya 3.2 na sisi
kupata kuona matokeo yetu, 10.24.

676
00:35:09,200 --> 00:35:10,840
Hadi sasa hivyo nzuri, haki?

677
00:35:10,840 --> 00:35:12,070
Sasa sisi ni kufikiri, vizuri, OK.

678
00:35:12,070 --> 00:35:15,530
Sasa mimi kwa kweli haja ya
kufanya mengi ya nguvu ya 3.

679
00:35:15,530 --> 00:35:19,180
Hivyo mimi itabidi nakala kuweka wote wa kanuni hii,
kubadili jina la kazi kutoka

680
00:35:19,180 --> 00:35:24,440
nguvu ya 2 kwa nguvu ya 3, na kila kitu
itakuwa sawa isipokuwa kwa thamani hii

681
00:35:24,440 --> 00:35:26,740
hapa, hii mbalimbali, 1 ... 2.

682
00:35:26,740 --> 00:35:29,590
>> Hivyo badala ya kurudia
kitanzi hii mara mbili,

683
00:35:29,590 --> 00:35:31,880
Nataka kurudia kitanzi hii mara tatu.

684
00:35:31,880 --> 00:35:36,330
Hivyo mimi kubadili tu kwamba thamani kutoka
1 kwa 3-- au tuseme 2-3.

685
00:35:36,330 --> 00:35:39,230
Hivyo tena, kanuni huo,
hiyo ni mabadiliko tu.

686
00:35:39,230 --> 00:35:40,080
Sasa hii pia kazi.

687
00:35:40,080 --> 00:35:43,860
Nguvu ya 3 zinazotolewa katika baadhi ya thamani ya 2.

688
00:35:43,860 --> 00:35:44,420
Sisi kupata 8.

689
00:35:44,420 --> 00:35:45,370
Hivyo 2 cubed.

690
00:35:45,370 --> 00:35:48,060
Na 3.2 cubed ni 32.768.

691
00:35:48,060 --> 00:35:50,597
Na hivyo sasa hivyo nzuri, haki?

692
00:35:50,597 --> 00:35:52,930
Lakini hopefully hii ni kidogo
kidogo ya bendera nyekundu kwa ajili yenu

693
00:35:52,930 --> 00:35:55,530
kwa kuwa sasa tuna
baadhi kurudia ya kificho

694
00:35:55,530 --> 00:35:58,800
isipokuwa kwa baadhi ya madogo sana
mabadiliko kutoka mmoja hadi mwingine.

695
00:35:58,800 --> 00:36:02,170
Hivyo kuna baadhi ya njia ambayo
tuweze kuwa na uwezo ili kurahisisha

696
00:36:02,170 --> 00:36:06,080
tatizo hili, ambapo tunaweza kweli,
wakati kukimbia, kufikiri baadhi,

697
00:36:06,080 --> 00:36:11,320
kutoa kwetu baadhi ya kazi ambayo ina
just nguvu ya kwamba tunataka.

698
00:36:11,320 --> 00:36:13,960
>> Na kuna wazo hili la
kufungwa, ambayo ni kweli, kweli

699
00:36:13,960 --> 00:36:18,180
muhimu katika mazingira ya Swift,
na katika lugha nyingine nyingi kama vile.

700
00:36:18,180 --> 00:36:21,580
Lakini pengine utaona
kutumika zaidi katika Swift

701
00:36:21,580 --> 00:36:23,650
sababu ni iliyoingia
ndani ya lugha

702
00:36:23,650 --> 00:36:28,280
kuliko wewe katika nyingine
pia lugha ya kisasa.

703
00:36:28,280 --> 00:36:31,140
Hivyo wazo la kufungwa
ni hii, ni kwamba sisi

704
00:36:31,140 --> 00:36:35,430
unaweza kuwa na kazi ambayo ni maana ya
kuwa kazi generic, nguvu generic

705
00:36:35,430 --> 00:36:36,860
ya kazi.

706
00:36:36,860 --> 00:36:41,010
>> Na kazi hii ni kwenda kukubali
exponent hii kwamba sisi kweli

707
00:36:41,010 --> 00:36:42,990
unataka kujenga.

708
00:36:42,990 --> 00:36:46,550
Hivyo kwa mfano, kwanza kabisa
mfano, tulitaka nguvu ya 2.

709
00:36:46,550 --> 00:36:50,050
Hivyo tunataka kutoa nguvu ya
na kisha katika mabano 2.

710
00:36:50,050 --> 00:36:52,490
Na sasa taarifa ya nini
hii kwa kweli anarudi.

711
00:36:52,490 --> 00:36:57,680
Hii inachukua pembejeo ya utangulizi
kuitwa y kwamba ni integer,

712
00:36:57,680 --> 00:37:03,090
na kuirudisha hii mambo kuangalia
Jambo katika mabano parentheses--

713
00:37:03,090 --> 00:37:06,230
mara mbili na kisha arrow mara mbili.

714
00:37:06,230 --> 00:37:10,270
>> Nini maana ya hii ni kwamba mimi nina
kwenda na kurudi kazi.

715
00:37:10,270 --> 00:37:13,510
Mimi si kurudi
aina nyingine ya data, mimi nina

716
00:37:13,510 --> 00:37:16,350
kwa kweli kurudi kazi
ambayo ina parameter hii, kwamba

717
00:37:16,350 --> 00:37:22,680
anapokea mara mbili kama pembejeo na
matokeo mara mbili kama thamani ya kurudi.

718
00:37:22,680 --> 00:37:29,750
Na matokeo yake, kwa sababu sasa nimepata kuitwa
nguvu ya, kupita katika baadhi ya thamani kwa ajili ya y,

719
00:37:29,750 --> 00:37:32,280
na mimi nina kujenga hii nyingine
function-- taarifa kwamba kuna

720
00:37:32,280 --> 00:37:35,980
kazi nyingine hiyo zwa
ndani ya this-- ninachofanya

721
00:37:35,980 --> 00:37:37,830
ni siwezi basi mabadiliko
kuwa thamani, kwamba mtu

722
00:37:37,830 --> 00:37:41,010
thamani kwamba mimi alikuwa iliyopita
2-3, mimi sasa kufanya hivyo y.

723
00:37:41,010 --> 00:37:42,500
>> Na hili litaendelea.

724
00:37:42,500 --> 00:37:48,530
Hivyo kila wakati kwamba mimi wito nguvu
ya, kimsingi nini kinatokea

725
00:37:48,530 --> 00:37:51,030
ni kwamba mimi kupata kurudi kazi.

726
00:37:51,030 --> 00:37:54,310
Taarifa kwamba hapa Nimekuwa defined
variable mpya iitwayo mraba.

727
00:37:54,310 --> 00:37:59,340
Nimekuwa kuweka sawa na nguvu ya,
zinazotolewa thamani huu 2 kwa nguvu ya.

728
00:37:59,340 --> 00:38:02,030
Na nini hii kurudi ni kazi.

729
00:38:02,030 --> 00:38:05,970
Hivyo mraba, variable
mraba, sasa ni ya aina ya kazi

730
00:38:05,970 --> 00:38:11,390
ambayo ina this-- oops, kitabu juu
bit-- kidogo kwamba ina saini hii,

731
00:38:11,390 --> 00:38:15,560
kukubali mara mbili na pato mbili.

732
00:38:15,560 --> 00:38:17,330
>> Hivyo sasa nini mimi tumefanya
ni mimi wameweza kimsingi

733
00:38:17,330 --> 00:38:22,890
kuundwa kazi kuitwa mraba ambayo
anapokea thamani yoyote na mraba yake.

734
00:38:22,890 --> 00:38:24,960
Tunaweza kuona nini kinatokea hapa chini.

735
00:38:24,960 --> 00:38:29,960
Square 3 kwa mfano, ina maana mimi nina kwenda
kuchukua thamani ya 3 na mraba yake.

736
00:38:29,960 --> 00:38:32,010
Hivyo jinsi gani hasa gani kazi hii?

737
00:38:32,010 --> 00:38:37,800
Wakati mimi kupita nguvu ya 2-- wakati mimi
kupita 2 katika nguvu hii ya kazi,

738
00:38:37,800 --> 00:38:44,430
hii y kutofautiana ni
wakazi na kwamba thamani 2.

739
00:38:44,430 --> 00:38:46,340
Na kwamba ni aina ya uliofanyika katika kumbukumbu.

740
00:38:46,340 --> 00:38:49,430
Hiyo ni aina ya like uliofanyika katika
hali fulani katika kompyuta,

741
00:38:49,430 --> 00:38:51,980
sisi si kweli huduma ya jinsi
au ambapo katika hatua hii.

742
00:38:51,980 --> 00:38:54,692
>> Lakini mimi kurudi kazi hii
kuitwa exponentiate.

743
00:38:54,692 --> 00:38:57,400
Na tena, ni kweli haina jambo
nini kazi hii inaitwa,

744
00:38:57,400 --> 00:39:01,730
sisi kweli unaweza kuiita chochote, kwamba
anapokea mara mbili na anarudi mara mbili,

745
00:39:01,730 --> 00:39:05,640
lakini anatumia y thamani ndani yake.

746
00:39:05,640 --> 00:39:09,290
Hivyo hata kama ni kazi hii,
hii kazi exponentiater kwamba

747
00:39:09,290 --> 00:39:13,600
wamekuwa akarudi nyuma yangu
variable kwamba mimi kuitwa mraba,

748
00:39:13,600 --> 00:39:17,980
ina zilizomo ndani yake
wazo hili la nini y mara.

749
00:39:17,980 --> 00:39:19,070
Na anakumbuka kwamba.

750
00:39:19,070 --> 00:39:24,810
>> Hivyo kila wakati mimi wito kazi kwamba
sasa inaitwa mraba, inatumia hiyo.

751
00:39:24,810 --> 00:39:27,990
Lakini hii pia ina maana kwamba naweza
kuunda nyingine variable kutumia

752
00:39:27,990 --> 00:39:29,120
nguvu tofauti ya.

753
00:39:29,120 --> 00:39:33,240
Hivyo siwezi kujenga mchemraba variable, kwa
mfano, kutoa yake nguvu ya 3.

754
00:39:33,240 --> 00:39:37,230
Sasa mchemraba itakuwa kweli kuchukua baadhi
thamani na Cube kuwa na kurudi.

755
00:39:37,230 --> 00:39:39,570
Hivyo tunaweza kuona kwamba mimi kupata
thamani 8 nje ya hiyo.

756
00:39:39,570 --> 00:39:42,720
>> Lakini kwamba thamani y ina si
iliyopita kwa sababu wao uko

757
00:39:42,720 --> 00:39:44,980
uliofanyika katika aina ya vigezo huru.

758
00:39:44,980 --> 00:39:47,480
Wao ni aina ya uliofanyika katika
nafasi huru katika kumbukumbu.

759
00:39:47,480 --> 00:39:51,290
Hivyo mchemraba daima kuwa
x kwa nguvu ya 3.

760
00:39:51,290 --> 00:39:55,380
Na mraba daima kuwa
x kwa nguvu ya 2, ambayo

761
00:39:55,380 --> 00:39:58,470
ina maana kwamba mraba daima
namba mraba, kama mimi kutarajia.

762
00:39:58,470 --> 00:40:01,794
Na mchemraba daima Cubed
namba, kama mimi kutarajia.

763
00:40:01,794 --> 00:40:04,960
Hii ina maana kwamba wakati mwingine unaweza
kupata aina fulani ya funky kuangalia syntax

764
00:40:04,960 --> 00:40:09,030
ambapo una uwezo wa saa sana
chini ya screen hapa, uwezo wa 5.

765
00:40:09,030 --> 00:40:11,410
Na wewe kupita katika matokeo.

766
00:40:11,410 --> 00:40:14,670
You wito kwamba kazi hiyo ni
wamekuwa akarudi na idadi 4.

767
00:40:14,670 --> 00:40:17,440
Na hivyo kile kimsingi hii
ni 4 kwa nguvu ya tano,

768
00:40:17,440 --> 00:40:20,830
tunaweza kuona matokeo hapo.

769
00:40:20,830 --> 00:40:23,690
Pamoja nami hadi sasa?

770
00:40:23,690 --> 00:40:26,620
>> Hivyo wazo hii inaitwa kufungwa,
kwa sababu nini tuko kimsingi kufanya

771
00:40:26,620 --> 00:40:30,610
ni sisi ni encapsulating
baadhi data into-- aina

772
00:40:30,610 --> 00:40:33,050
ya enclosing data hii
ndani ya kazi na tuko

773
00:40:33,050 --> 00:40:36,240
kuwa na uwezo wa kutumia tena kazi hii.

774
00:40:36,240 --> 00:40:41,480
Sasa syntax hii ingawa unaweza kweli
kurahisishwa kiasi kubwa.

775
00:40:41,480 --> 00:40:45,005
Na kuna kura ya uwezekano
katika Swift kwa kurahisisha hii.

776
00:40:45,005 --> 00:40:47,780
Na kwamba ni nini aina ya
ndio baadae kweli kuangalia.

777
00:40:47,780 --> 00:40:51,400
Hivyo katika 7b kwa mfano, sisi
kuchukua hii halisi code huo.

778
00:40:51,400 --> 00:40:54,360
>> Lakini sasa badala ya
kweli kufafanua kazi

779
00:40:54,360 --> 00:40:57,910
ndani ya hii nguvu ya
kazi na kuwapa jina,

780
00:40:57,910 --> 00:41:00,150
na kisha kurudi jina
ya kwamba kazi, ambayo

781
00:41:00,150 --> 00:41:02,357
basi ni kutumika kama sehemu ya
kufungwa hii, badala tuko

782
00:41:02,357 --> 00:41:03,440
tu kwenda kurahisisha hilo.

783
00:41:03,440 --> 00:41:06,580
Hatuna haja ya kazi hii jina lake litajwe.

784
00:41:06,580 --> 00:41:09,760
Hivyo hii ni dhana ya
kazi bila majina ambapo tunaweza basi

785
00:41:09,760 --> 00:41:15,180
kukubali kama pembejeo, katika mabano hapa,
x variable ambayo ni ya aina mbili.

786
00:41:15,180 --> 00:41:17,250
>> Sisi ni kwenda na kurudi aina mbili.

787
00:41:17,250 --> 00:41:19,830
Na kisha keyword, n, ni
mwanzo wa kazi hii.

788
00:41:19,830 --> 00:41:22,180
Hivyo taarifa kwamba haya yote
ni ndani ya mabano curly

789
00:41:22,180 --> 00:41:25,310
na sisi ni kufafanua
majina kazi hapa.

790
00:41:25,310 --> 00:41:29,910
Tu njia rahisi ya
kufafanua halisi kitu kimoja.

791
00:41:29,910 --> 00:41:30,810
OK?

792
00:41:30,810 --> 00:41:36,740
Lakini kushikilia, Swift kweli inaruhusu sisi
kwenda mbali zaidi na kurahisisha hata zaidi,

793
00:41:36,740 --> 00:41:40,180
kwa sababu kwa kweli hatufanyi
huduma ya kwamba parameter hii ni

794
00:41:40,180 --> 00:41:41,700
aitwaye jambo fulani.

795
00:41:41,700 --> 00:41:48,090
Ni kweli unaweza kuitwa chochote na
sisi bado unaweza kutumia kwamba parameter kwanza.

796
00:41:48,090 --> 00:41:53,800
>> Kwa hiyo kwa kweli kuna hii maalum
aina ya data katika kazi bila majina,

797
00:41:53,800 --> 00:41:57,710
kuna jina hili maalum ya
vigezo katika kazi bila majina

798
00:41:57,710 --> 00:42:00,280
kwamba kuanza na
dola ishara na wa kuwakilisha

799
00:42:00,280 --> 00:42:03,785
namba parameter, zero
indexed, kwa ajili ya kazi hii.

800
00:42:03,785 --> 00:42:05,410
Hivyo kuna michache ya mambo kinachoendelea.

801
00:42:05,410 --> 00:42:08,550
Hapa mimi nina kwenda na kurudi, na kisha
curly brace anayewakilisha kazi,

802
00:42:08,550 --> 00:42:09,050
haki?

803
00:42:09,050 --> 00:42:13,920
>> Ilani kwamba mimi si kuwa defined
aina parameter au aina kurudi.

804
00:42:13,920 --> 00:42:16,460
Ni kweli anaweza inferred
kwa sababu ya saini

805
00:42:16,460 --> 00:42:18,360
ya kazi hii ya awali.

806
00:42:18,360 --> 00:42:20,500
Hivyo tunaweza kuondokana na
kwamba kama uwezekano.

807
00:42:20,500 --> 00:42:25,120
Lakini pia naweza kutumia dola ishara sifuri kwa
kuwakilisha parameter hii ya kwanza kwamba

808
00:42:25,120 --> 00:42:28,200
kupita katika kazi hii bila majina.

809
00:42:28,200 --> 00:42:31,630
Hivyo kurahisisha hata zaidi.

810
00:42:31,630 --> 00:42:32,750
OK?

811
00:42:32,750 --> 00:42:33,820
Hadi sasa, hivyo nzuri?

812
00:42:33,820 --> 00:42:36,980
>> Sasa ni type-- hii kufanya wewe
kumbuka hii dola ishara zero

813
00:42:36,980 --> 00:42:40,130
kuwa tuliona katika brace curly hii
kuwa tuliona kidogo tu

814
00:42:40,130 --> 00:42:43,870
iliyopita katika hii Swift sita mfano?

815
00:42:43,870 --> 00:42:46,560
Ilikuwa haki hapa.

816
00:42:46,560 --> 00:42:48,430
Taarifa hiyo hasa
nini tuko kuangalia,

817
00:42:48,430 --> 00:42:51,580
ni kwamba sisi kupita
ndani ya kazi hii kupasuliwa

818
00:42:51,580 --> 00:42:55,140
kazi bila majina kwamba
hundi parameter kwanza

819
00:42:55,140 --> 00:42:57,830
ili kuona kama ni sawa na koloni ishara.

820
00:42:57,830 --> 00:42:59,830
Na kwamba ni nini hasa
kinachotokea, ni kwamba wote

821
00:42:59,830 --> 00:43:02,320
tuko doing-- kurudi
keyword ni an

822
00:43:02,320 --> 00:43:05,800
katika case-- hii sisi ni kurudi
thamani hii ambapo sisi ni kulinganisha

823
00:43:05,800 --> 00:43:10,020
parameter kwanza dhidi ya
hii koloni tabia.

824
00:43:10,020 --> 00:43:11,730
Na hivyo kwamba aina ya demystifies hii.

825
00:43:11,730 --> 00:43:17,210
Na wewe ni kwenda kuona kujenga hii
mengi katika Swift syntax, hivyo kufanya kuendelea kuwa

826
00:43:17,210 --> 00:43:19,400
katika akili wakati wewe ni
kuchukua kuangalia hii.

827
00:43:19,400 --> 00:43:21,970
Sasa tunaweza kupata off
reli kidogo

828
00:43:21,970 --> 00:43:25,460
na kwenda kweli dhana kwamba inaonyesha
hata baadhi ya zaidi ya nguvu Swift ya.

829
00:43:25,460 --> 00:43:27,950
Unaweza hata kuona baadhi
haya katika codes sampuli.

830
00:43:27,950 --> 00:43:29,790
Hivyo kwamba ni kwa nini mimi nina kwenda
kuonyesha na wewe.

831
00:43:29,790 --> 00:43:37,260
>> Kimsingi nini tunaweza kufanya ni kwamba, kwanza
ya yote, ilikuwa ni aina ya Bila kwa ajili yangu

832
00:43:37,260 --> 00:43:41,710
kutekeleza yote ya kwamba nguvu ya
code sababu kama wewe kuagiza Darwin

833
00:43:41,710 --> 00:43:46,490
maktaba, ni kweli pamoja na kazi
kuitwa pow kwamba hana huu kwa ajili yenu.

834
00:43:46,490 --> 00:43:50,570
Hivyo tunaweza kurahisisha hivyo hata zaidi na
kuwa na nguvu hadi kazi yetu sasa tu

835
00:43:50,570 --> 00:43:54,890
kuwa ajabu mjengo moja ambapo sisi tu
kurudi kazi hii bila majina kwamba

836
00:43:54,890 --> 00:44:00,780
anapokea dola ishara 0 kama yake
msingi na y kama exponent yake.

837
00:44:00,780 --> 00:44:02,582
>> Lakini tunaweza kupata kweli,
kweli dhana wakati sisi

838
00:44:02,582 --> 00:44:04,790
kutambua kwamba Swift ina
mengi ya nguvu chini ya Hood.

839
00:44:04,790 --> 00:44:07,010
mengi ya kampuni hiyo
tumekuwa kushughulika na,

840
00:44:07,010 --> 00:44:11,270
plus ishara na alama mgawanyiko na
mambo yote hayo wewe kawaida

841
00:44:11,270 --> 00:44:15,620
kazi na na aina data
katika lugha ya programu,

842
00:44:15,620 --> 00:44:17,600
ni kweli extensible katika Swift.

843
00:44:17,600 --> 00:44:21,460
Hivyo nini maana kwa kuwa sisi
Unaweza kufafanua operators yetu wenyewe.

844
00:44:21,460 --> 00:44:26,020
>> Hivyo sasa mimi nimechoka kuandika katika haya yote
pow na kisha mabano na kisha

845
00:44:26,020 --> 00:44:26,520
msingi.

846
00:44:26,520 --> 00:44:27,520
Sitaki kufanya hivyo.

847
00:44:27,520 --> 00:44:30,190
Mimi kwa kweli unataka kuwa
operator kwamba inaruhusu mimi kufanya hivyo.

848
00:44:30,190 --> 00:44:34,510
Hivyo siwezi kuwaambia Swift kwamba mimi nataka
kujenga operator, nyota

849
00:44:34,510 --> 00:44:39,472
star-- kwa njia siwezi kutumia carat
kwa sababu carat ni operator kwamba

850
00:44:39,472 --> 00:44:40,680
hana kitu kingine kabisa.

851
00:44:40,680 --> 00:44:42,720
Hivyo mimi si unataka kutatua
ya yanapogongana na kwamba.

852
00:44:42,720 --> 00:44:45,750
Na hivyo nini kuona katika aina mbalimbali
ya lugha, ikiwa ni pamoja na chatu,

853
00:44:45,750 --> 00:44:48,810
ni kama nyota nyota operator
kuwakilisha mashujaa.

854
00:44:48,810 --> 00:44:50,730
>> Hivyo kwamba ni sababu ya pekee
kwa nini nimekuwa amefanya hivyo.

855
00:44:50,730 --> 00:44:53,067
Na itakuja kuwa
infix aina operator.

856
00:44:53,067 --> 00:44:54,900
Na mimi kuwa kutoa
yake baadhi ya habari

857
00:44:54,900 --> 00:44:58,386
kuhusu umuhimu wa hii
operator hivyo ni wa kushoto associative.

858
00:44:58,386 --> 00:45:00,260
Ni kama kiasi
high precedence ikilinganishwa

859
00:45:00,260 --> 00:45:02,432
kwa summation au kuzidisha.

860
00:45:02,432 --> 00:45:04,140
Ni juu precedence
kuliko wote wa wale.

861
00:45:04,140 --> 00:45:04,931
Kadhalika na kadhalika.

862
00:45:04,931 --> 00:45:07,410
Na kisha mimi kufafanua
kazi ambayo kwa kweli

863
00:45:07,410 --> 00:45:10,070
inaonyesha nini operator hii haina.

864
00:45:10,070 --> 00:45:14,150
Hivyo kuchukua kwamba nina kushoto
upande na upande wa kulia,

865
00:45:14,150 --> 00:45:17,330
ambayo itakuwa labda
variable jina bora kwa hili.

866
00:45:17,330 --> 00:45:20,690
Mkono wa kushoto upande na upande wa kulia.

867
00:45:20,690 --> 00:45:26,740
Siwezi kisha kuchukua hii nguvu ya
mkono wa kushoto upande wa upande wa kulia

868
00:45:26,740 --> 00:45:28,980
na kurudi thamani hiyo.

869
00:45:28,980 --> 00:45:30,370
Hivyo sasa ni super tamu.

870
00:45:30,370 --> 00:45:33,790
Wote sisi kufanya ni 2 nyota nyota 3
na kwamba ni 2 kwa nguvu ya tatu,

871
00:45:33,790 --> 00:45:35,290
na sisi kupata thamani ya 8.

872
00:45:35,290 --> 00:45:40,280
2 nyota nyota 10 ni 2 kwa
Nguvu ya 10, sisi kupata 1,024.

873
00:45:40,280 --> 00:45:43,630
>> Hivyo sasa nguvu yetu ya kazi,
ambayo tena ni tofauti,

874
00:45:43,630 --> 00:45:47,030
kwa sababu dhana nzima nyuma ya hili
ni kwamba tuna kazi moja ambayo

875
00:45:47,030 --> 00:45:50,700
daima inachukua baadhi ya thamani na
humzidishia ubaya wake au tuseme

876
00:45:50,700 --> 00:45:53,240
inachukua exponent ya nguvu sawa.

877
00:45:53,240 --> 00:45:54,300
Hivyo sasa ni hata rahisi.

878
00:45:54,300 --> 00:45:57,070
Hivyo sasa ni dola tu
ishara 0 nyota nyota y.

879
00:45:57,070 --> 00:46:01,190
Hatuwezi hata kuwa na matumizi ya pow tena.

880
00:46:01,190 --> 00:46:03,020
>> OK, ambaye ni kupotea?

881
00:46:03,020 --> 00:46:03,700
Je, sisi kufanya OK?

882
00:46:03,700 --> 00:46:05,090
Maswali yoyote juu ya mambo haya?

883
00:46:05,090 --> 00:46:05,815
Yeah?

884
00:46:05,815 --> 00:46:09,500
>> Watazamaji: Wakati you-- [inaudible]
funk nguvu ya y mbili.

885
00:46:09,500 --> 00:46:11,441
Hivyo wakati wewe ni kurudi kazi.

886
00:46:11,441 --> 00:46:13,190
DANIEL ARMENDARIZ:
Funk nguvu ya y mbili.

887
00:46:13,190 --> 00:46:14,270
Oh yeah, sijui
nini idadi y ni.

888
00:46:14,270 --> 00:46:15,708
Pole juu ya hilo.

889
00:46:15,708 --> 00:46:19,420
>> Watazamaji: Kwa nini kurudi
kazi [inaudible] enclosure.

890
00:46:19,420 --> 00:46:24,214
Je, si dola sifuri nyota
nyota y [inaudible]

891
00:46:24,214 --> 00:46:29,710
kupata kwamba operator na kwamba
kurudi mara mbili [inaudible] mara mbili?

892
00:46:29,710 --> 00:46:32,742
>> DANIEL ARMENDARIZ: Hivyo basi
mimi kujibu swali lako

893
00:46:32,742 --> 00:46:35,950
jinsi mimi kuelewa ni na unaweza kuniambia
kama sikuelewa swali lako.

894
00:46:35,950 --> 00:46:42,850
Hivyo kujenga huu, brace curly
ishara ya dola sifuri nyota nyota y,

895
00:46:42,850 --> 00:46:44,280
ni kazi.

896
00:46:44,280 --> 00:46:50,080
Na anapokea parameter kwamba ni
kuwakilishwa na hii ni ishara ya dola sifuri.

897
00:46:50,080 --> 00:46:55,830
kurudi keyword ni alisema katika hii
mfupi sana, bila majina kazi syntax.

898
00:46:55,830 --> 00:46:57,870
>> Ambayo ina maana kwamba kimsingi
nini hii ni kusema

899
00:46:57,870 --> 00:47:01,270
ni kwamba mimi nina kufafanua
function-- na kisha mimi itabidi

900
00:47:01,270 --> 00:47:05,320
tu kuiita something--
ambapo mimi na baadhi ya y thamani.

901
00:47:05,320 --> 00:47:08,300
Nina y, ambayo ni mara mbili.

902
00:47:08,300 --> 00:47:10,750
Na mimi nina kurudi mara mbili.

903
00:47:10,750 --> 00:47:19,010
Na mimi kuwa ndani ya kuwa kurudi y-- sorry,
Mimi haipaswi kuwa kuitwa hii x y--.

904
00:47:19,010 --> 00:47:20,240
Oh dear, oh dear, oh dear.

905
00:47:20,240 --> 00:47:27,440
X-- nope-- nyota nyota y.

906
00:47:27,440 --> 00:47:29,720
>> Hivyo hii ni tu
kilichorahisishwa toleo la hii.

907
00:47:29,720 --> 00:47:33,990
Na hivyo sababu ya kuwa mimi na dola
ishara zero ni kwamba kwa kutumia enclosure hii

908
00:47:33,990 --> 00:47:41,050
ina maana kwamba mimi tena na
aina pow, au tena kufanya

909
00:47:41,050 --> 00:47:45,570
Nina kufanya kitu
kama 3 nyota nyota 2.

910
00:47:45,570 --> 00:47:48,530
Mimi wanaweza tu kuwa na single
kazi kuitwa mraba

911
00:47:48,530 --> 00:47:50,820
kwamba daima itachukua
baadhi ya thamani kama mchango

912
00:47:50,820 --> 00:47:52,980
na kwa kweli kurudi mraba ya kwamba.

913
00:47:52,980 --> 00:47:56,460
>> Hivyo kusudi lote la kufungwa ni
tu aina ya kurejelea ukweli

914
00:47:56,460 --> 00:47:59,920
kwamba mimi daima wanataka kutumia y wakati wowote
Mimi wito kazi hiyo kama nguvu

915
00:47:59,920 --> 00:48:01,710
wakati kuchukua exponent hii.

916
00:48:01,710 --> 00:48:04,650
Hivyo kurudi basi,
kazi ambayo anapokea

917
00:48:04,650 --> 00:48:08,460
mara mbili, ambayo ni ya msingi, na
kurudi matokeo ya exponent

918
00:48:08,460 --> 00:48:10,740
ni muhimu hapa.

919
00:48:10,740 --> 00:48:12,790
Na kwamba ni tofauti kubwa.

920
00:48:12,790 --> 00:48:14,430
Kulikuwa na kidogo tu ya kushamiri.

921
00:48:14,430 --> 00:48:17,970
>> Hii si tofauti yoyote
ikilinganishwa na mifano ya awali,

922
00:48:17,970 --> 00:48:20,530
lakini ilikuwa kidogo tu ya
a kushamiri tunaweza kweli

923
00:48:20,530 --> 00:48:24,500
kujenga operator katika Swift
na kwa kweli kufanya mambo na hayo,

924
00:48:24,500 --> 00:48:26,396
ambayo ni aina ya kitu baridi.

925
00:48:26,396 --> 00:48:27,520
Je, mimi kujibu swali lako?

926
00:48:27,520 --> 00:48:28,390
Sweet.

927
00:48:28,390 --> 00:48:31,350
Kitu kingine kabla ya kuendelea?

928
00:48:31,350 --> 00:48:33,570
OK.

929
00:48:33,570 --> 00:48:36,430
>> Sasa hii aina ya anaomba
Swali ni that-- vizuri OK,

930
00:48:36,430 --> 00:48:40,870
sasa tuna uwezo kwa
kazi ya kurudishwa.

931
00:48:40,870 --> 00:48:48,950
Je, sisi pia kupitisha kazi kama data
au kama vigezo na kazi nyingine?

932
00:48:48,950 --> 00:48:50,710
Na kwa kweli tunaweza.

933
00:48:50,710 --> 00:48:53,480
Basi hebu kusema kwamba tuna
yote ya kificho huo.

934
00:48:53,480 --> 00:48:56,120
Tuna variable mraba
ambayo mraba kanuni hii.

935
00:48:56,120 --> 00:48:59,320
Na tuna mchemraba variable
ambayo mchemraba baadhi ya data.

936
00:48:59,320 --> 00:49:02,440
Na sisi kweli unataka kuomba
mbalimbali ya namba.

937
00:49:02,440 --> 00:49:06,870
>> Hivyo kile sisi kujaribiwa kufanya,
bila shaka, ambayo ni hakika halali,

938
00:49:06,870 --> 00:49:15,430
ni iterate juu ya orodha hii ya namba
na kuomba kazi yangu mraba na mchemraba

939
00:49:15,430 --> 00:49:22,270
na kupata orodha mbili mpya kama matokeo
kuwa ni orodha hii ya awali ya mraba

940
00:49:22,270 --> 00:49:24,970
na cubed, kwa mtiririko huo.

941
00:49:24,970 --> 00:49:26,880
Kikamilifu kukubaliwa.

942
00:49:26,880 --> 00:49:29,130
Lakini nini ni jambo kwamba
sisi kuona hapa ni kwamba tuna,

943
00:49:29,130 --> 00:49:31,310
tena, kurudia ya kanuni zetu.

944
00:49:31,310 --> 00:49:34,310
Na kuna labda nafasi
kwa ajili yetu ili kurahisisha hii kidogo.

945
00:49:34,310 --> 00:49:41,260
Nini kama kuna njia kwa sisi
kweli daima iterate juu ya baadhi ya orodha

946
00:49:41,260 --> 00:49:45,450
na tu kupita kwa hii kichawi
kazi variable kwamba

947
00:49:45,450 --> 00:49:47,350
inawakilisha kazi
kwamba tunataka kuomba

948
00:49:47,350 --> 00:49:50,336
kwa kila kitu moja katika orodha hii.

949
00:49:50,336 --> 00:49:53,210
Hii huleta up dhana ya nini
wameitwa kazi kiwango cha juu.

950
00:49:53,210 --> 00:49:57,150
Na kwamba kimsingi ni nini hii
ni, ni kwamba tunaweza kujenga kazi.

951
00:49:57,150 --> 00:50:00,210
>> Na katika kesi hii ni kuitwa
mapper, tu kutoa jina, tu

952
00:50:00,210 --> 00:50:02,510
ramani juu ya kila
item moja katika orodha.

953
00:50:02,510 --> 00:50:06,191
Ambapo mimi kuchukua orodha
na mimi kuchukua kazi.

954
00:50:06,191 --> 00:50:08,440
Na kazi hiyo, bila shaka,
ina sahihi fulani.

955
00:50:08,440 --> 00:50:11,980
Ni anapokea kama parameter mbili
na itakuwa pato ni mara mbili.

956
00:50:11,980 --> 00:50:14,310
Na matokeo yote ya
kazi hii ni kwenda

957
00:50:14,310 --> 00:50:18,921
kuwa orodha mpya ambayo ni ya aina mbili.

958
00:50:18,921 --> 00:50:19,420
OK?

959
00:50:19,420 --> 00:50:22,650
>> Na kile Mimi naenda kufanya
ni kuomba hii f kazi

960
00:50:22,650 --> 00:50:24,960
kwa kila kipengele katika orodha yangu.

961
00:50:24,960 --> 00:50:30,280
Na reply-- na badala kurudi hii mpya
orodha kama matokeo, ambayo ni kweli cool.

962
00:50:30,280 --> 00:50:31,820
Sasa siwezi kupita kazi kote.

963
00:50:31,820 --> 00:50:35,290
Na hili wazo la juu ili
kazi ni muhimu.

964
00:50:35,290 --> 00:50:39,260
Na mapper hii ni kweli tu
utekelezaji mtu maskini

965
00:50:39,260 --> 00:50:43,130
ya kazi ambayo imejengwa
katika Swift kuitwa ramani.

966
00:50:43,130 --> 00:50:45,690
Na ni gani hasa hii,
pengine hata kidogo bora.

967
00:50:45,690 --> 00:50:48,260
>> Hii ni aina ya generic,
kilichorahisishwa toleo kwamba

968
00:50:48,260 --> 00:50:51,270
inaruhusu sisi kuona
dhana kwamba inatumika hapa.

969
00:50:51,270 --> 00:50:54,630
Sasa kuangalia njia ambayo mimi
unaweza kweli kutumia mraba yangu

970
00:50:54,630 --> 00:50:57,850
na yangu mchemraba kazi
orodha hii ya namba.

971
00:50:57,850 --> 00:50:58,780
Mimi kukimbia mapper yangu.

972
00:50:58,780 --> 00:51:00,280
Mimi kutoa kwa ni orodha yangu ya namba.

973
00:51:00,280 --> 00:51:02,155
Mimi kutoa kwa ni
kazi hiyo ni kwenda

974
00:51:02,155 --> 00:51:04,170
kuomba kwa kila mmoja wa fahirisi hizo.

975
00:51:04,170 --> 00:51:07,120
Na ni kwenda kuwa
pato kama matokeo.

976
00:51:07,120 --> 00:51:11,810
Nami kupata kuona kwamba nimepata squared
na Cubed namba yangu kama matokeo.

977
00:51:11,810 --> 00:51:14,660
>> Na bila shaka mapper itachukua
aina yoyote ya kazi bila majina.

978
00:51:14,660 --> 00:51:17,640
Tunaweza hata kuona kwamba nimepata kuundwa
mpya kazi bila majina kwamba

979
00:51:17,640 --> 00:51:20,220
tu inachukua baadhi parameter
na mgawanyiko hivyo kwa 2.

980
00:51:20,220 --> 00:51:24,340
Na tunaweza kuona kwamba mimi wameweza, kwa kweli,
kugawanywa orodha yangu na 2 badala yake.

981
00:51:24,340 --> 00:51:25,250
Cool?

982
00:51:25,250 --> 00:51:27,340
Hadi sasa, hivyo nzuri?

983
00:51:27,340 --> 00:51:29,650
Haki zote, sasa hebu
kurudi na wazo hili.

984
00:51:29,650 --> 00:51:36,160
Hebu kutekeleza hii nyuma katika
mazingira ya gradebook.

985
00:51:36,160 --> 00:51:41,860
>> Na kama mimi kufanya hivyo, tunaweza kuona kwamba naweza
kuomba mbalimbali ya options-- haya

986
00:51:41,860 --> 00:51:44,330
au aina mbalimbali ya hizi
kazi juu ili

987
00:51:44,330 --> 00:51:51,450
kwa kweli kurahisisha uwezo wangu kufanya
aina ya mambo katika orodha ya namba.

988
00:51:51,450 --> 00:51:53,660
Hivyo kwa mfano, kama mimi
kuchukua orodha ya namba,

989
00:51:53,660 --> 00:51:57,060
moja ya kazi ya juu ili
kwamba ipo inaitwa kupunguza.

990
00:51:57,060 --> 00:52:00,080
Nini kupunguza gani badala
kuliko ramani, ni kupunguzwa mapenzi

991
00:52:00,080 --> 00:52:03,710
kuchukua mambo mawili katika orodha,
itachukua baadhi ya kazi kwamba

992
00:52:03,710 --> 00:52:07,420
inalinganishwa mambo mawili ya
orodha, na itakuwa basi

993
00:52:07,420 --> 00:52:09,610
aina ya output--
pato la kazi ambayo

994
00:52:09,610 --> 00:52:13,790
itakuwa kipengele kingine kwamba
wewe basi kulinganisha na wengine.

995
00:52:13,790 --> 00:52:18,190
>> Hivyo unaweza kutumia hii ili kweli
Jumla ya namba katika orodha yako.

996
00:52:18,190 --> 00:52:20,640
Kwa mfano, kama wewe alikuwa
orodha ya 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,

997
00:52:20,640 --> 00:52:22,940
wewe kuchukua mambo ya kwanza, 1 na 2.

998
00:52:22,940 --> 00:52:27,270
Unaweza kuomba kwa hiyo kuongeza
kazi ambayo inachukua mambo hayo mawili

999
00:52:27,270 --> 00:52:30,980
na mtemi nje moja ya mambo hayo,
ambayo itakuwa thamani 3.

1000
00:52:30,980 --> 00:52:35,684
Kisha sisi kuchukua thamani 3 na ijayo
kipengele cha orodha, muhtasari hizo mbili,

1001
00:52:35,684 --> 00:52:37,100
na kisha kuendelea chini orodha.

1002
00:52:37,100 --> 00:52:40,410
>> Sisi ni kupunguza
orodha ya thamani moja.

1003
00:52:40,410 --> 00:52:42,700
Na tu hivyo hutokea
kwamba pamoja na alama

1004
00:52:42,700 --> 00:52:44,670
ni operator, tu kama sisi tu kuona.

1005
00:52:44,670 --> 00:52:47,500
Operator Hii ni
kweli kazi ambayo

1006
00:52:47,500 --> 00:52:53,100
ina just orodha hii kwamba sisi
wanataka, badala mali hizi

1007
00:52:53,100 --> 00:52:54,770
kwamba tunataka unataka.

1008
00:52:54,770 --> 00:52:56,760
Hivyo mimi kuhimiza wewe
tuangalie hii.

1009
00:52:56,760 --> 00:52:59,290
Nataka aina ya hoja
juu ya kutoka kwa baadhi ya kanuni hii

1010
00:52:59,290 --> 00:53:05,330
ili tuweze kweli kuangalia baadhi
halisi, halisi, Swift kweli katika Xcode,

1011
00:53:05,330 --> 00:53:06,880
katika iOS maendeleo.

1012
00:53:06,880 --> 00:53:08,630
Lakini tuangalie
hii na kuona kama unaweza

1013
00:53:08,630 --> 00:53:11,171
Hazrat kupitia nini kinaendelea
na baadhi ya ili haya ya juu

1014
00:53:11,171 --> 00:53:13,790
kazi ikiwa ni pamoja na filter,
kupunguza, na wewe utakuwa hata

1015
00:53:13,790 --> 00:53:17,060
kuona mahali fulani katika hapa ramani pia.

1016
00:53:17,060 --> 00:53:17,910
Ni haki hapa.

1017
00:53:17,910 --> 00:53:20,410
Ambapo itachukua mlolongo
ya darasa na kwa kweli

1018
00:53:20,410 --> 00:53:24,230
ramani yao kwa kutumia kubadili kujenga,
ambayo unaweza kutambua kutoka C,

1019
00:53:24,230 --> 00:53:27,640
lakini kwa kweli ni mengi zaidi
nguvu zaidi kuliko kubadili kujenga

1020
00:53:27,640 --> 00:53:29,810
kwamba tuna katika C.

1021
00:53:29,810 --> 00:53:31,930
>> Na tutaweza kuomba kwamba
kila kipengele katika orodha

1022
00:53:31,930 --> 00:53:34,540
na kwa kweli kutoa
barua daraja ya kila

1023
00:53:34,540 --> 00:53:40,780
ya wale darasa kutumia dhana zote hizi
kwamba tumekuwa tu kuongelea kabla.

1024
00:53:40,780 --> 00:53:44,760
Sasa hebu sidestep kwa ajili tu
dakika na majadiliano juu ya structs.

1025
00:53:44,760 --> 00:53:49,680
Na hivyo structs ni kusubiri katika C kwamba sisi
walikuwa na uwezo wa kufafanua aina mpya ya data.

1026
00:53:49,680 --> 00:53:53,590
Structs zipo ndani ya Swift.

1027
00:53:53,590 --> 00:53:58,980
Na hivyo kufanya mengi ya constructs nyingine
kuitwa enums na madarasa, kwamba kweli

1028
00:53:58,980 --> 00:54:01,175
kuchukua wazo hili na
mzima mbalimbali ngazi.

1029
00:54:01,175 --> 00:54:05,300
>> Na kimsingi ni njia tu
ya kufafanua aina mpya ya data.

1030
00:54:05,300 --> 00:54:11,010
Hivyo kama wewe get-- kama wewe kuja
hela darasani au structs au enums,

1031
00:54:11,010 --> 00:54:13,290
hawapati kuchanganyikiwa kwa hilo.

1032
00:54:13,290 --> 00:54:16,280
Ni njia tu ya kufafanua
hasa baadhi ya aina mpya ya data.

1033
00:54:16,280 --> 00:54:20,230
Na hii ni kweli muhimu wakati
tunazungumzia iOS programu ya maendeleo

1034
00:54:20,230 --> 00:54:24,630
sababu kila kitu ambacho
ipo ndani ya programu iOS

1035
00:54:24,630 --> 00:54:27,460
kimsingi ni kitu ya aina fulani.

1036
00:54:27,460 --> 00:54:31,980
Na kitu ni kimsingi
darasani au enum au struct.

1037
00:54:31,980 --> 00:54:34,760
>> Hivyo katika kesi hii mimi nina
kufafanua aina mpya ya data

1038
00:54:34,760 --> 00:54:37,740
kwamba mimi nina tathmini wito
kwamba baadhi ya mali, ikiwa ni pamoja na

1039
00:54:37,740 --> 00:54:41,040
jina na mlolongo wa darasa.

1040
00:54:41,040 --> 00:54:43,470
Hivyo aina moja ya tathmini
ili nipate kuwa katika akili

1041
00:54:43,470 --> 00:54:44,760
itakuwa Quizzes, kwa mfano.

1042
00:54:44,760 --> 00:54:48,180
Napenda wanataka kuwa
tathmini hiyo ilikuwa jaribio

1043
00:54:48,180 --> 00:54:51,460
na kwamba alikuwa na aina ya darasa
kuhusishwa na kwamba, kwa jaribio moja,

1044
00:54:51,460 --> 00:54:52,840
Jaribio mbili, kadhalika na kadhalika.

1045
00:54:52,840 --> 00:54:55,720
>> Au nipate kuwa aina tofauti
ya tathmini kwa seti tatizo.

1046
00:54:55,720 --> 00:54:56,650
Na naweza kufanya mambo.

1047
00:54:56,650 --> 00:54:59,860
Siwezi kweli kuwa
kazi ndani ya aina hii

1048
00:54:59,860 --> 00:55:02,645
ya data, ambayo ni sasa inaitwa mbinu.

1049
00:55:02,645 --> 00:55:04,520
Hivyo kama wewe milele kuona
neno mbinu, ni kweli

1050
00:55:04,520 --> 00:55:08,190
ni tu kazi ambayo inatumika
darasani maalum sana,

1051
00:55:08,190 --> 00:55:10,100
au aina maalum sana ya data.

1052
00:55:10,100 --> 00:55:12,350
Ni inaruhusu sisi kurekebisha data ndani.

1053
00:55:12,350 --> 00:55:15,510
>> Hivyo kwa maneno mengine, kama nataka
kuongeza daraja na tathmini yangu,

1054
00:55:15,510 --> 00:55:18,630
basi yote mimi haja ya kufanya ni
append alama kwamba alikuwa pembejeo

1055
00:55:18,630 --> 00:55:22,660
kwa kazi hii kwa
mali yangu ndani.

1056
00:55:22,660 --> 00:55:25,880
Kuna kujenga mwingine nadhifu hapa
katika Swift, ambayo ni hii dot dot dot

1057
00:55:25,880 --> 00:55:31,780
operator, ambayo ina maana kwamba alama unaweza
sasa kukubali idadi yoyote ya integers.

1058
00:55:31,780 --> 00:55:33,940
Na alama itakuwa
safu ya integers kwamba

1059
00:55:33,940 --> 00:55:39,030
wamekuwa kupita kwa kazi yangu, ambayo
ina maana kwamba siwezi kufanya mambo kama haya.

1060
00:55:39,030 --> 00:55:42,360
>> Siwezi kufanya kuongeza darasa na tu kutoa
namba holela wa integers ndani yake

1061
00:55:42,360 --> 00:55:47,420
na kwa kweli zitatolewa safu
ya maadili hayo katika kazi yangu

1062
00:55:47,420 --> 00:55:50,270
au katika njia yangu, kama ilivyo.

1063
00:55:50,270 --> 00:55:54,040
Sasa hii ni muhimu kwa sababu
kila kitu katika Xcode, kila kitu katika iOS,

1064
00:55:54,040 --> 00:55:56,250
kwa kweli ni kitu.

1065
00:55:56,250 --> 00:55:59,630
Hivyo kuendelea kuwa katika akili
wakati sisi kuivunja Xcode wazi

1066
00:55:59,630 --> 00:56:04,890
na ruka mbele zaidi iOS
matoleo mawili na tatu

1067
00:56:04,890 --> 00:56:08,820
na kwa kweli kwenda kwenye toleo nne.

1068
00:56:08,820 --> 00:56:11,940
>> Na tena, haya yote mapenzi
kuwa posted kwenye ukurasa semina.

1069
00:56:11,940 --> 00:56:16,980
iOS nne ni aina ya full barugumu
utekelezaji wa programu ya msingi sana.

1070
00:56:16,980 --> 00:56:23,920
Na nini programu hii haina ni
mizigo UI, ambayo inaonekana kama hii.

1071
00:56:23,920 --> 00:56:28,680
Tena, kama sisi bonyeza storyboard tunaweza
kuona kwamba hii ni nini inaonekana kama.

1072
00:56:28,680 --> 00:56:31,320
Hii ni UI.

1073
00:56:31,320 --> 00:56:33,676
Ina cheo saa ya juu sana.

1074
00:56:33,676 --> 00:56:34,800
Nimekuwa kuitwa ni mtandao nyumba ya sanaa.

1075
00:56:34,800 --> 00:56:38,400
>> Katikati kuna kipengele
kuitwa UI picha maoni.

1076
00:56:38,400 --> 00:56:41,340
Na chini kuna
toolbar na kifungo moja ambayo

1077
00:56:41,340 --> 00:56:46,850
ina nafasi stretchy kwamba kuruhusu
kituo cha katikati ya toolbar hii.

1078
00:56:46,850 --> 00:56:51,780
Na kile kinachotokea ni kwamba wakati huu
mizigo yake downloads JSON faili kwamba

1079
00:56:51,780 --> 00:56:55,540
zilizomo kwenye server mahali pengine,
parses kwamba JSON faili,

1080
00:56:55,540 --> 00:56:58,130
na JSON faili inaonekana kidogo kama hii.

1081
00:56:58,130 --> 00:57:02,770

1082
00:57:02,770 --> 00:57:06,230
Faili JSON inaonekana kama hii.

1083
00:57:06,230 --> 00:57:08,650
Kuna ni.

1084
00:57:08,650 --> 00:57:11,730
>> Ina jina la albamu na
ina safu ya photos.

1085
00:57:11,730 --> 00:57:13,490
Kila moja ya picha hizo
jina na pia

1086
00:57:13,490 --> 00:57:19,460
URL wenyewe kwamba kuwakilisha
jpeg toleo la kwamba picha ya mtu binafsi.

1087
00:57:19,460 --> 00:57:24,780
Hivyo kile kutokea ni kwamba wakati mpango huu
mizigo, ni downloads JSON faili,

1088
00:57:24,780 --> 00:57:30,590
parses yake, unaweka yote haya katika
sawa wa safu katika iOS

1089
00:57:30,590 --> 00:57:33,020
programu ya maendeleo, ambayo ni nsarray.

1090
00:57:33,020 --> 00:57:37,520
Na kisha mimi wanaweza kupakia
data hii katika maombi

1091
00:57:37,520 --> 00:57:41,100
na mzigo juu ya screen yangu.

1092
00:57:41,100 --> 00:57:44,760
>> Kuna picha kwamba alikuwa kubeba
na kifungo chini sana.

1093
00:57:44,760 --> 00:57:49,190
Kama mimi click Kupata Next Image, basi
pulls picha kwamba kutoka katika mtandao

1094
00:57:49,190 --> 00:57:53,370
na nafasi picha kwamba
katika UI picha maoni.

1095
00:57:53,370 --> 00:57:57,820
Hivyo unaweza kushusha hii na kwa kweli
tuangalie kwenye kompyuta yako.

1096
00:57:57,820 --> 00:58:00,940
Na kujenga na kwa kweli
kukusanya yake kwenye kifaa yako.

1097
00:58:00,940 --> 00:58:04,710
Lakini kimsingi mchakato ilikuwa
hii, kujenga storyboard--

1098
00:58:04,710 --> 00:58:08,080
au tuseme si create--
lakini kuchagua storyboard.

1099
00:58:08,080 --> 00:58:15,030
Na kwa kweli we'll-- kama huna mind--
tutaweza kuchukua michache tu ya sekunde

1100
00:58:15,030 --> 00:58:18,390
kwa kweli kuonyesha jinsi hii ilifanyika.

1101
00:58:18,390 --> 00:58:22,430

1102
00:58:22,430 --> 00:58:27,820
>> Tu ili jinsi gani tunaweza kweli
kufanikisha hili ni alifanya kidogo zaidi

1103
00:58:27,820 --> 00:58:28,360
dhahiri.

1104
00:58:28,360 --> 00:58:30,651
Single maoni maombi, mimi nina
kwenda kuwaita semina hii

1105
00:58:30,651 --> 00:58:35,330
nne anayewakilisha hii
simu fulani.

1106
00:58:35,330 --> 00:58:36,335
Ila juu ya desktop.

1107
00:58:36,335 --> 00:58:39,890

1108
00:58:39,890 --> 00:58:42,110
OK, kwenda bonyeza storyboard.

1109
00:58:42,110 --> 00:58:47,030
Na kile Mimi naenda kufanya
ni kupata picha maoni yangu,

1110
00:58:47,030 --> 00:58:50,940
Drag ni kwenye user yangu
interface na kituo cha hivyo.

1111
00:58:50,940 --> 00:58:54,850
Sasa tu centering ni bahati mbaya
si kwenda kufanya mengi nzima,

1112
00:58:54,850 --> 00:58:58,680
isipokuwa kwa screen
yaani ukubwa huu halisi.

1113
00:58:58,680 --> 00:59:03,950
>> Hivyo tunaweza kushawishi wenyewe wa kuwa na
kubonyeza hii mara mbili jambo mduara,

1114
00:59:03,950 --> 00:59:08,290
kuleta chini pop hii
up menu hapa na kubadilisha

1115
00:59:08,290 --> 00:59:11,110
preview, ambapo tutaweza kweli
kupata nafasi ya preview jinsi

1116
00:59:11,110 --> 00:59:13,530
hii kwa kweli
kuangalia juu ya vifaa vingine.

1117
00:59:13,530 --> 00:59:16,500
Kama tunaweza kuona, sisi kufanya hata
kuona juu ya kesi hii.

1118
00:59:16,500 --> 00:59:18,500
Hivyo nina kwenda kuifunga kwa sasa.

1119
00:59:18,500 --> 00:59:22,100
>> Na mimi nina kwenda kuchagua
icon hii chini sana

1120
00:59:22,100 --> 00:59:23,910
chini sehemu ya screen.

1121
00:59:23,910 --> 00:59:26,584
Ni anasema kutatua Auto Layout Masuala.

1122
00:59:26,584 --> 00:59:28,000
Sorry, ni kukatwa chini.

1123
00:59:28,000 --> 00:59:36,360
Lakini kama mimi bonyeza kwamba, kile ambacho mimi
kupata ni pop hii up-- kwenda mbali.

1124
00:59:36,360 --> 00:59:39,740

1125
00:59:39,740 --> 00:59:51,220
Nini mimi kupata ni pop up hii kwamba
inaruhusu mimi kuongeza vikwazo missing.

1126
00:59:51,220 --> 00:59:53,780
Na kwa kufanya hivyo ni
kisha aina ya lock

1127
00:59:53,780 --> 00:59:56,640
katika kituo cha fungu la
screen kama mimi kutarajia.

1128
00:59:56,640 --> 01:00:00,520
>> Sasa ili kupata kifungo hii juu ya
juu yake, mimi haja ya kwenda kwa Mhariri.

1129
01:00:00,520 --> 01:00:05,010
Kwenda Embed Katika na click
Navigation Mdhibiti.

1130
01:00:05,010 --> 01:00:08,900
Nini kwamba kufanya ni kwamba kuongeza
hii yote sehemu nyingine kwa hiyo,

1131
01:00:08,900 --> 01:00:11,310
lakini kwa kweli itakuwa kiungo
nyuma ya UI yangu ya awali.

1132
01:00:11,310 --> 01:00:14,450
Na maelezo, tena, hatufanyi
kweli wanahitaji huduma ya juu hivi sasa.

1133
01:00:14,450 --> 01:00:16,710
Lakini mimi nataka kuwa na
toolbar chini sana.

1134
01:00:16,710 --> 01:00:18,530
Hivyo mimi itabidi kuangalia Shows Toolbar.

1135
01:00:18,530 --> 01:00:21,870
>> Na hii inatoa ndani ya maoni yangu,
ambayo sasa ni mahali pengine,

1136
01:00:21,870 --> 01:00:23,900
tunaweza kuona ni wanaohusishwa zaidi ya hapa.

1137
01:00:23,900 --> 01:00:28,710
Ni sasa inatoa toolbar
chini ya UI yangu.

1138
01:00:28,710 --> 01:00:34,770
Hivyo sasa, badala ya kuchagua
picha mtazamo, siwezi kupata studio,

1139
01:00:34,770 --> 01:00:41,140
au tuseme toolbar--
hebu angalia, ambapo ni kwamba?

1140
01:00:41,140 --> 01:00:41,890
Nini ni kuitwa?

1141
01:00:41,890 --> 01:00:49,760
bidhaa button-- bar-- item--
sorry-- bar kifungo item.

1142
01:00:49,760 --> 01:00:54,590
Plop kwamba kuna na kuomba wanandoa
nafasi ya rahisi upande

1143
01:00:54,590 --> 01:00:57,429
kwa kweli kituo cha hiyo.

1144
01:00:57,429 --> 01:00:58,970
Hivyo sasa nimekuwa kuundwa UI yangu, kimsingi.

1145
01:00:58,970 --> 01:01:01,428
Na naweza kuwapa jina na
kubonyeza mara mbili juu sana

1146
01:01:01,428 --> 01:01:04,880
hapa na kusema mtandao nyumba ya sanaa na kadhalika.

1147
01:01:04,880 --> 01:01:08,100
Sasa tena, haya ni mambo
ambazo zipo kwa wenyewe.

1148
01:01:08,100 --> 01:01:10,400
Na mimi kuwa kuungana
yao na kanuni yangu

1149
01:01:10,400 --> 01:01:14,297
Siwezi kufanya na tena kuleta
up hii mara mbili mduara icon,

1150
01:01:14,297 --> 01:01:15,380
kubadilisha kutoka hakikisho.

1151
01:01:15,380 --> 01:01:18,950
Ambayo, kwa njia, sasa tunaweza kuona ni
nicely katikati na kuangalia nzuri

1152
01:01:18,950 --> 01:01:23,720
juu ya aina ya vifaa.

1153
01:01:23,720 --> 01:01:27,280
>> Kubadili moja kwa moja, ambayo itakuwa
kuleta ViewController code.

1154
01:01:27,280 --> 01:01:29,030
Na sasa sehemu hii ni muhimu.

1155
01:01:29,030 --> 01:01:34,590
Ili kwa wewe kuungana haya
mambo mawili, kanuni yako kwa UI,

1156
01:01:34,590 --> 01:01:36,680
kuchagua bidhaa kwamba
unataka kuunganisha.

1157
01:01:36,680 --> 01:01:39,570
Hivyo katika kesi hii, sisi
kweli wanataka encode

1158
01:01:39,570 --> 01:01:43,520
kubadilisha sura hiyo zilizomo
ndani ya hii mtazamo UI picha.

1159
01:01:43,520 --> 01:01:47,070
Hivyo kama wewe kudhibiti click kutoka
picha mtazamo na Drag,

1160
01:01:47,070 --> 01:01:51,960
utasikia taarifa kwamba wewe kupata bar kidogo,
wakati wewe basi kwenda ya kila kitu pop hii

1161
01:01:51,960 --> 01:01:53,550
up kutokea.

1162
01:01:53,550 --> 01:01:56,470
>> Na inasema kwamba sisi
kujenga uhusiano.

1163
01:01:56,470 --> 01:01:59,300
Na kutoka hapa nataka kuwapa
jina, kitu kama nyumba ya sanaa.

1164
01:01:59,300 --> 01:02:00,240
Hit Enter.

1165
01:02:00,240 --> 01:02:03,040
Na kwa kweli hii inatoa
variable kuitwa nyumba ya sanaa

1166
01:02:03,040 --> 01:02:08,600
kwamba naweza kisha rejea katika code yangu
kubadilisha picha, kwa mfano.

1167
01:02:08,600 --> 01:02:10,430
Hivyo ni jinsi gani kwamba kanuni kweli kuangalia?

1168
01:02:10,430 --> 01:02:13,030
Naam tena, mimi sitaki
kutumia muda sana juu yake.

1169
01:02:13,030 --> 01:02:15,430
Na mimi kuhimiza wewe
kushusha ni na kuangalia.

1170
01:02:15,430 --> 01:02:18,330
Lakini mmoja wa watu wengi
kipengele muhimu ni kanuni

1171
01:02:18,330 --> 01:02:20,980
kwamba kweli fetches picha.

1172
01:02:20,980 --> 01:02:26,470
>> Hivyo katika kesi hii nataka
kupata ndani ya picha yangu

1173
01:02:26,470 --> 01:02:28,520
safu, ambayo ni zilizomo
ndani ya darasa langu.

1174
01:02:28,520 --> 01:02:33,390
Nataka kufafanua jina na URL
hiyo imekuwa parsed nje ya JSON hii.

1175
01:02:33,390 --> 01:02:39,810
Kweli kuuliza kifaa kupata
URL, kuchota URL kutoka hii,

1176
01:02:39,810 --> 01:02:44,060
na kisha kuchota data kutoka
yaliyomo ya kwamba URL.

1177
01:02:44,060 --> 01:02:49,430
Kisha kuwabadili data kwamba katika mfano
kwa kupita ndani UI picha.

1178
01:02:49,430 --> 01:02:52,880
Hivyo tena, hizi ni aina tofauti
ya vitu, aina mbalimbali ya madarasa.

1179
01:02:52,880 --> 01:02:58,410
>> Na kisha naweza kisha kuweka yangu
gallery.image sawa na data hiyo.

1180
01:02:58,410 --> 01:03:00,750
Na hiyo ni aina ya nyama
yake kwamba kweli ni kisha

1181
01:03:00,750 --> 01:03:08,250
uwezo wa kubadilisha data from-- mabadiliko
picha kutoka kwa mmoja hadi mwingine.

1182
01:03:08,250 --> 01:03:10,660
Hivyo tena, hopefully sasa
mengi ya constructs

1183
01:03:10,660 --> 01:03:12,240
itakuwa mantiki kidogo zaidi.

1184
01:03:12,240 --> 01:03:15,260
Taarifa kwamba kuna baadhi ya
pointi Moderators hapa.

1185
01:03:15,260 --> 01:03:19,810
pointi Moderators ni
kimsingi kuhusiana na optionals.

1186
01:03:19,810 --> 01:03:22,657
>> Nini mimi kimsingi akisema ni
kwamba bila hata kuangalia

1187
01:03:22,657 --> 01:03:24,490
kuona kama kuna data
ndani ya hii hiari,

1188
01:03:24,490 --> 01:03:27,140
Mimi nina kwenda mbele na kudhani
kwamba kuna na unwrap yake.

1189
01:03:27,140 --> 01:03:31,340
Kumbuka kwamba sisi kutumika mfano wa
aina ya mfuko kwa ajili ya optionals

1190
01:03:31,340 --> 01:03:34,700
na tunahitaji unwrap
mfuko na kuvuta data nje.

1191
01:03:34,700 --> 01:03:37,570
Moderators kumweka
vikosi kwamba kweli kutokea.

1192
01:03:37,570 --> 01:03:39,590
>> Lakini najua kwamba hii ni
salama kwa sababu mimi checked

1193
01:03:39,590 --> 01:03:42,070
kuona kama picha data ni sawa
kwa nil, Nimekuwa kwa kweli kuangalia

1194
01:03:42,070 --> 01:03:45,420
kuona kama hiari
ilikuwa, kwa kweli, alishindwa.

1195
01:03:45,420 --> 01:03:47,110
Kama kwamba alikuwa, kwa kweli, alishindwa tayari.

1196
01:03:47,110 --> 01:03:52,450
Na hivyo mimi nina uhakika kwamba mara moja mimi kupata hii
uhakika Mimi unaweza salama unwrap data hiyo.

1197
01:03:52,450 --> 01:03:55,710
Unaweza pia kuona katika
aina ya alama ya swali.

1198
01:03:55,710 --> 01:03:59,100
Hivyo kama sisi kitabu chini ambapo mimi
haja kwa kweli Hazrat data.

1199
01:03:59,100 --> 01:04:01,850
>> Hivyo si kuwa na kuweka mbali na
hizi aina ya majina ndefu.

1200
01:04:01,850 --> 01:04:06,580
Unaweza kupata katika Apple
developer tovuti mengi

1201
01:04:06,580 --> 01:04:09,620
ya marejeo yote ya
vitu na shughuli zote za

1202
01:04:09,620 --> 01:04:11,170
kwamba kweli kufanya huu.

1203
01:04:11,170 --> 01:04:15,990
Lakini taarifa kwamba hii ni kimsingi
kazi ambapo mimi kupita baadhi ya data.

1204
01:04:15,990 --> 01:04:18,410
Na mimi kupata nyuma baadhi ya aina ya data.

1205
01:04:18,410 --> 01:04:24,190
Na mimi haja ya kutumia hii kama keyword
kuwabadili ndani nsdictionary hii?

1206
01:04:24,190 --> 01:04:26,490
Ambayo ni tena,
hiari nsdictionary.

1207
01:04:26,490 --> 01:04:31,070
Ambayo mimi kisha haja ya
kuangalia kuona kama ipo.

1208
01:04:31,070 --> 01:04:37,130
>> Hivyo siwezi kutumia kwamba kama basi
mafanikio sawa parsed,

1209
01:04:37,130 --> 01:04:40,620
basi mimi kujua kwamba hiari
kweli ina baadhi ya data.

1210
01:04:40,620 --> 01:04:43,840
Au nini mimi hapa ilikuwa
kudhani tu kwamba kama kuna

1211
01:04:43,840 --> 01:04:49,067
walikuwa hakuna makosa ambayo kwa kweli ni salama.

1212
01:04:49,067 --> 01:04:51,400
Haki wote, mimi nataka kuwashukuru
wewe wote sana kwa kuja.

1213
01:04:51,400 --> 01:04:53,540
Najua hii ilikuwa mengi,
lakini ilikuwa tu saa

1214
01:04:53,540 --> 01:04:55,920
kwa majadiliano juu ya baadhi
pretty juu mambo ya ajabu.

1215
01:04:55,920 --> 01:04:59,640
Na hivyo hopefully utapata
nafasi ya kushusha wote wa code

1216
01:04:59,640 --> 01:05:01,657
na kuchukua bora zaidi,
kuangalia uhakika katika hilo.

1217
01:05:01,657 --> 01:05:04,240
Aina ya kuwashawishi mwenyewe wa yote
ya mambo ambayo kinaendelea.

1218
01:05:04,240 --> 01:05:06,800
Na mimi nataka kuwashukuru
yote, tena kwa kuja.

1219
01:05:06,800 --> 01:05:08,760
Na bahati nzuri na miradi yako ya mwisho.

1220
01:05:08,760 --> 01:05:10,600
Kuwa na siku kubwa.

1221
01:05:10,600 --> 01:05:11,467