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00:00:09,647 --> 00:00:11,730
SPIKA: Sasa hebu kupiga mbizi
ndani ya usambazaji code

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00:00:11,730 --> 00:00:14,470
na kuangalia mazingira
ambayo kificho kuandika

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00:00:14,470 --> 00:00:15,780
ni kwenda kuwa kazi.

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00:00:15,780 --> 00:00:17,350
Mwisho wa siku,
wewe ni kwenda kutekeleza

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00:00:17,350 --> 00:00:18,710
ukamilifu wa mtandao wa kompyuta.

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00:00:18,710 --> 00:00:20,460
Lakini tuna zinazotolewa
wewe na mifupa

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00:00:20,460 --> 00:00:24,090
kificho kwamba kuwa na baadhi ya utendaji,
hasa kuhusiana na mitandao.

9
00:00:24,090 --> 00:00:25,390
Hebu tuangalie.

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00:00:25,390 --> 00:00:27,560
>> Hivyo hapa juu kuelekea juu
ya faili ni rundo

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00:00:27,560 --> 00:00:30,020
ya kipengele mtihani mahitaji ya jumla.

12
00:00:30,020 --> 00:00:33,570
Sasa hii ni tu hulka ya c, ambapo
kulingana na rundo la kurasa mtu

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00:00:33,570 --> 00:00:36,410
una kufafanua baadhi ya
constants haya kuwa kweli

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00:00:36,410 --> 00:00:39,920
au kuwa hata idadi maalum ili
unaweza kupata baadhi ya kazi.

15
00:00:39,920 --> 00:00:42,470
Vinginevyo wao utakuwa Undeclared
na huwezi kupata.

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00:00:42,470 --> 00:00:45,340
Hivyo mimi tumefanya hili kwa njia
ya kusoma kurasa mtu.

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00:00:45,340 --> 00:00:48,410
Sasa chini chini, katika
mistari 15 kupitia 17, sisi

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kuwa na rundo zima la mipaka alitangaza.

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>> Na tumekuwa alikopa hizo kutoka
maarufu mtandao wa kompyuta iitwayo Apache.

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00:00:53,370 --> 00:00:54,650
Na hawa ni baadhi tu ya
namba kwamba ni kwenda

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00:00:54,650 --> 00:00:56,810
cap jumla ya idadi
ya ka kwamba wanaruhusiwa

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katika mazingira mbalimbali kwa ajili ya ombi HTTP
kwamba browser anaruhusiwa kutuma mimi.

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Next, sisi kufafanua octets.

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00:01:04,310 --> 00:01:07,790
Sasa unane ni njia tu ya dhana
ya kusema Byte, au bits nane.

25
00:01:07,790 --> 00:01:10,720
Zinageuka katika yesteryear Byte
siyo lazima nane bits,

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00:01:10,720 --> 00:01:12,339
hivyo unane daima bits nane.

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00:01:12,339 --> 00:01:14,880
Hivyo katika kesi hii tumekuwa iliyopitishwa
nini ya kawaida katika mitandao

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00:01:14,880 --> 00:01:17,410
dunia ya wito nane ka unane.

29
00:01:17,410 --> 00:01:21,840
>> Hapa nimepata maalum kwamba octets mapenzi
kuwa 512, ili kiasi kama katika forensics

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tunaposoma rundo la
ka wakati huo, hapa pia,

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tunakwenda kusoma
rundo la octets wakati huo.

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Next rundo zima la header files.

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Jinsi gani mimi kujua ni pamoja na haya?

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Naam, mimi kusoma tu mtu
kurasa kwa ajili ya idadi ya kazi

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kwamba tutaweza kutumia katika usambazaji huu
kanuni na ni pamoja na katika wale

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00:01:35,620 --> 00:01:37,390
Mimi nilikuwa maelekezo ya.

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>> Na sasa tuna aina data.

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Tumekuwa alitangaza unane kuwa Char.

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Na tutaweza kuona baadaye kwamba hiyo ni
kutumika katika code.

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Na tumekuwa alitangaza
rundo zima la prototypes,

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na tutaweza kutembea haraka kwa njia ya
kila moja ya kazi hizo.

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Mwisho, na labda zaidi
muhimu kuweka

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akili katika hatua hii ya
hadithi, ni kwamba kuna

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ni, kwa kweli nzima
rundo la vigezo kimataifa

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00:01:54,520 --> 00:02:00,430
saa ya juu ya faili, mizizi,
CFD, SFD, ombi, faili na mwili.

46
00:02:00,430 --> 00:02:03,960
>> Sasa kwa ujumla, kwa kutumia mengi ya kimataifa
vigezo, au vigezo kimataifa wakati wote,

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si mazoezi nyuma.

48
00:02:05,280 --> 00:02:09,090
Lakini zinageuka tuko pia kutumia
mbinu ya kuitwa ishara utunzaji baadaye

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00:02:09,090 --> 00:02:11,930
katika kanuni, ambayo inaruhusu sisi
kuchunguza wakati user hits kitu

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00:02:11,930 --> 00:02:15,080
kama CTRL C na kufunga chini
server gracefully.

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00:02:15,080 --> 00:02:18,240
Na ili kufanya hivyo gracefully
na kwa kweli bure juu ya kumbukumbu,

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00:02:18,240 --> 00:02:20,800
tunahitaji kuwa na upatikanaji wa
vigezo hivi kimataifa.

53
00:02:20,800 --> 00:02:24,510
>> Na sasa hebu tuangalie kuu, ambayo
anatoa ukamilifu wa mpango huu.

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Kwanza, saa ya juu hapa sisi
kuwa kosa simu variable

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00:02:27,720 --> 00:02:29,570
kwamba inaonekana si kwa
kuwa na aina, lakini hiyo ni

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00:02:29,570 --> 00:02:31,500
kwa sababu ni kweli
inavyoelezwa katika faili inayoitwa

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kosa errno.h ambayo
ni pamoja na ngazi ya juu.

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00:02:34,800 --> 00:02:38,780
Kama wewe kufanya mtu errno kwa kweli
angalia ufafanuzi kwa jambo hili,

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utaona kwamba hii ni
maalum variable kimataifa ambayo

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ni kuweka na rundo zima
ya kazi si imeandikwa

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na sisi, lakini na waandishi wa Linux
na mifumo mingine kwa kweli kuweka

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idadi ya kwamba variable wakati kitu
huenda vibaya ili uweze kimataifa

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kufikiri nini alifanya kwenda vibaya.

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00:02:54,830 --> 00:02:58,540
>> Sasa chini chini utaona mpya
mbinu labda kwa kutumia getopt,

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kazi ambayo husaidia amri parse
hoja mstari ili hatufanyi

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kuwa na bother kupoteza muda kuhesabia
jinsi ya kuchanganua kitu kama 8080,

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00:03:05,540 --> 00:03:08,350
au dash p, au dash h kupata msaada.

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00:03:08,350 --> 00:03:10,300
kimsingi getopt gani kwamba kwa ajili yetu.

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00:03:10,300 --> 00:03:11,750
Angalia ukurasa mtu kwa zaidi.

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00:03:11,750 --> 00:03:13,960
>> Next, sisi kufanya kidogo ya makosa
kuangalia ili kuhakikisha

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kwamba idadi bandari ni ndani ya
maalum mbalimbali katika spec.

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Next, tunaona mwito wa kazi
kuanza, ambaye ufafanuzi tutaweza

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kuangalia katika wakati huu, na kama jina lake
unaonyesha, hii kuanza server mtandao.

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Hapa tuna wito wa kazi
kuitwa ishara ambayo anasema,

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kama na wakati wewe kusikia Kudhibiti C kutoka
mtumiaji keyboard, kwenda mbele na wito

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kazi kuitwa handler kwamba kinaendelea
mambo na hatimaye safi up na kuacha

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server.

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>> Chini kwamba ni nini inaonekana kuwa
usio kitanzi, line ya kwanza ambayo

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ufanisi ni wito
kwa kazi kuitwa

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00:03:41,660 --> 00:03:45,110
upya, ambayo sisi wenyewe
kutekeleza baadaye ili

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bure juu ya baadhi ya nchi yetu kimataifa.

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Baada ya kuwa ni mstari wa
kificho kwamba masharti

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ni kuangalia kurudi
thamani ya kushikamana.

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Sasa kushikamana inaonekana kama predicate,
kitu kwamba anarudi kweli au uongo.

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Na hivyo, lakini kuna
kitu maalum katika kushikamana

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katika kwamba ni kuzuia simu.

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Itakuwa kukaa huko na kusubiri
mpaka browser mtumiaji

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00:04:03,180 --> 00:04:05,860
anajaribu kuunganisha kwa mtandao huu
server na kisha tu mapenzi yake

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00:04:05,860 --> 00:04:10,160
kurudi kweli au uongo ili tuweze kuendelea
ya ndani ya hii kama taarifa.

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00:04:10,160 --> 00:04:13,870
>> Mara baada ya hapo, taarifa ya kazi hii kwa
kazi kuitwa parse, ambayo sisi aliandika,

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00:04:13,870 --> 00:04:17,230
ambayo parses wote wa octets, kila
ya ka kuja kutoka browser

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kwa server, ili tuweze mkono
wewe nyuma hatimaye thamani kwa moja

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ya vigezo wale kimataifa ambayo
maduka yote ya ka katika tu

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00:04:24,420 --> 00:04:26,630
headers ya kwamba
ombi, si mwili

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kama kulikuwa na kweli mwili yake.

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>> Sasa chini chini tunaanza
Hazrat headers wale dondoo

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00:04:32,980 --> 00:04:35,490
subset ya habari
kwamba sisi huduma ya juu.

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Hasa, kwa
vipimo, sisi kwanza

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alitaka kuomba line, ambayo ni
tu kwamba line ya kwanza kabisa kwamba

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00:04:40,580 --> 00:04:45,710
hopefully anasema kitu kama kupata
kufyeka au baadhi ya njia na kisha HTTP 1.1.

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Sisi ni kutumia mfano huu
la sindano katika haystack

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00:04:48,150 --> 00:04:50,370
kuangalia kwa fulani
chars au anwani.

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00:04:50,370 --> 00:04:53,120
Na hakika, kuna idadi ya
kazi katika usambazaji code yetu

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00:04:53,120 --> 00:04:56,930
kwamba wewe, pia, wanaweza kupata manufaa
wakati wa kutafuta maadili fulani.

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00:04:56,930 --> 00:05:00,630
>> Hatimaye, sisi nakala ka hizi
katika variable kuitwa line,

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00:05:00,630 --> 00:05:03,510
ambayo taarifa, pia, tumekuwa
zilizotengwa juu ya stack

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00:05:03,510 --> 00:05:05,890
kwa njia ya safu dynamically ukubwa.

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00:05:05,890 --> 00:05:08,350
Na sisi ni makusudi kujaribu
kuepuka wito malloc

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00:05:08,350 --> 00:05:11,100
kwa sababu tena, kwa sababu
ya Udhibiti C kuwa

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00:05:11,100 --> 00:05:14,630
uwezo hulka ya mpango huu, sisi
hawataki kuwa kanuni hii ghafla

111
00:05:14,630 --> 00:05:17,479
kuingiliwa na user kupiga
Kudhibiti C, matokeo ya ambayo

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ni kwamba mimi wanaweza kuwa na nafasi
kwa ajili ya bure kitu nimekuwa malloced.

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Hivyo mimi nina kujaribu kutumia kama kiasi
ya stack ni naweza hapa.

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00:05:23,660 --> 00:05:26,040
>> Next up, rundo zima la kwa dos.

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00:05:26,040 --> 00:05:28,930
vipimo itakuwa zinasema
juu ya nini hasa inategemewa hapa,

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00:05:28,930 --> 00:05:31,800
lakini maoni kukupa
ladha ya kile uongo mbele.

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00:05:31,800 --> 00:05:33,830
Wewe kwanza haja ya
kuhalalisha ombi line

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00:05:33,830 --> 00:05:37,760
na kuhakikisha kwamba inaonekana kama
specifikationer sarufi, hivyo kusema,

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00:05:37,760 --> 00:05:38,541
anasema ni lazima.

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00:05:38,541 --> 00:05:41,290
Wewe basi haja ya kutafuta kitu
kuitwa swala, stuff nje

121
00:05:41,290 --> 00:05:44,200
baada ya swali alama, kama
tuliona kwa mfano wetu Google

122
00:05:44,200 --> 00:05:46,320
katika kupita katika HD parameter.

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00:05:46,320 --> 00:05:49,050
Sisi basi concatenate pamoja
mizizi ya mtandao wa kompyuta

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00:05:49,050 --> 00:05:52,520
na njia hiyo ni katika
kwamba ombi la kwanza line

125
00:05:52,520 --> 00:05:56,010
na kuunda njia kamili ya
faili tunataka kuangalia kwa.

126
00:05:56,010 --> 00:06:00,300
>> Baada ya hapo, tunakwenda kuhakikisha
kwamba faili ipo na someka.

127
00:06:00,300 --> 00:06:05,100
Na kisha tunakwenda dondoo yake
faili ugani, .html au .php,

128
00:06:05,100 --> 00:06:09,920
au baadhi ya ugani kama hiyo katika
mwisho kabisa wa kamba ombi.

129
00:06:09,920 --> 00:06:11,940
Next up ni mzima
rundo la code tuliandika

130
00:06:11,940 --> 00:06:15,800
kwa kweli kuzalisha PHP
yanayoletwa kwa ajili yenu.

131
00:06:15,800 --> 00:06:18,010
Kwa kifupi, hii
code inachukua katika jina

132
00:06:18,010 --> 00:06:20,250
ya faili unataka PHP kutafsiri.

133
00:06:20,250 --> 00:06:24,630
Sisi kupita na kitu kinachoitwa
bomba katika mkalimani PHP ya.

134
00:06:24,630 --> 00:06:28,060
Kupata nyuma majibu kana
majibu walikuwa faili yenyewe.

135
00:06:28,060 --> 00:06:32,110
Na kisha sisi iterate juu ya kwamba faili ya
ka, kuunganisha wote katika buffer moja

136
00:06:32,110 --> 00:06:34,180
ili tuweze hatimaye
magazeti yao nje.

137
00:06:34,180 --> 00:06:37,230
>> Hakika, haya yote
wito hapa dprintf

138
00:06:37,230 --> 00:06:40,110
inaruhusu sisi magazeti kitu
kuitwa faili descriptor, ambayo

139
00:06:40,110 --> 00:06:42,350
ni tu integer
kwamba inawakilisha file.

140
00:06:42,350 --> 00:06:45,360
Sawa sana katika roho, lakini
tofauti kimsingi kutoka faili

141
00:06:45,360 --> 00:06:46,620
nyota pointer.

142
00:06:46,620 --> 00:06:50,260
Angalia jinsi unaweza kutumia syntax kama
printf hapa ili niweze dynamically

143
00:06:50,260 --> 00:06:54,000
kuingiza kitu kama urefu
kwa thamani ya header HTTP

144
00:06:54,000 --> 00:06:55,270
kuitwa Content-Length.

145
00:06:55,270 --> 00:06:57,990
Na hatimaye Nilikuwa
kazi haki ya kweli kuandika

146
00:06:57,990 --> 00:07:00,040
mwili na ombi.

147
00:07:00,040 --> 00:07:03,750
>> Kwa bahati mbaya, sisi tu kutekelezwa
msaada kwa ajili ya dynamically

148
00:07:03,750 --> 00:07:05,350
yanayotokana PHP files.

149
00:07:05,350 --> 00:07:08,520
Sisi haikutekeleza msaada kwa ajili ya
tuli files kama gifs, na jpegs,

150
00:07:08,520 --> 00:07:10,660
na CSS na HTML files.

151
00:07:10,660 --> 00:07:14,450
Kwamba, kwa bahati mbaya, ni wa kushoto na wewe
kujibu kusudi mteja

152
00:07:14,450 --> 00:07:15,090
hii kufanya.

153
00:07:15,090 --> 00:07:20,050
Hivyo katika huko utapata kwamba kuna
si msukumo sana ndani ya kuzuia kwamba,

154
00:07:20,050 --> 00:07:23,520
lakini kama wewe juu kidogo hadi saa jinsi
tulikwenda kuhusu kutafsiri PHP code,

155
00:07:23,520 --> 00:07:25,520
kazi utasikia kutumia
ni tofauti kidogo.

156
00:07:25,520 --> 00:07:27,561
>> Kwa kweli, unaweza kukopa
baadhi ya utendaji

157
00:07:27,561 --> 00:07:29,620
labda kutoka forensics
tatizo kuweka, kwa sababu

158
00:07:29,620 --> 00:07:32,860
mwisho wa siku wote unahitaji
kufanya hapa ni mara moja unajua nini faili wazi

159
00:07:32,860 --> 00:07:35,690
na mara moja unajua ni kinachojulikana
Aina ya MIME au aina ya maudhui,

160
00:07:35,690 --> 00:07:39,040
unahitaji kusoma katika bytes wale
na kwa namna fulani mate yao nyuma nje.

161
00:07:39,040 --> 00:07:41,190
>> Na sasa ziara ya hii
faili ya kazi nyingine.

162
00:07:41,190 --> 00:07:43,820
Up kwanza ni kushikamana,
ambayo tu anarudi kweli

163
00:07:43,820 --> 00:07:47,350
wakati hatimaye kusikia
uhusiano kutoka kwa mtumiaji.

164
00:07:47,350 --> 00:07:48,786
Next up ni kosa.

165
00:07:48,786 --> 00:07:52,296
Kosa, wakati huo huo, kama kazi sisi
aliandika kushughulikia yote ya tofauti 400

166
00:07:52,296 --> 00:07:55,360
na hadhi 500 HTTP
codes kwamba unaweza kutaka

167
00:07:55,360 --> 00:07:58,500
kutuma nyuma kwa mtumiaji,
pamoja na ujumbe standard.

168
00:07:58,500 --> 00:08:01,950
>> Next up ni mzigo, hasa
kazi meaty, ambao lengo katika maisha

169
00:08:01,950 --> 00:08:06,920
ni kusoma kutoka faili nyota pointer
yaliyomo ya faili katika buffer kimataifa

170
00:08:06,920 --> 00:08:09,000
kwamba sisi alitangaza kimataifa
juu [? kuu. ?]

171
00:08:09,000 --> 00:08:12,649
Hii ni kidogo tata kwa sababu sisi
kusoma ka kutoka faili

172
00:08:12,649 --> 00:08:14,690
lakini kuangalia juu ya kila iteration
kama tumekuwa tayari

173
00:08:14,690 --> 00:08:17,600
hit mwisho wa faili au
kitu kingine amekwenda vibaya.

174
00:08:17,600 --> 00:08:21,210
Na sisi kutumia realloc kuhakikisha kwamba
chochote buffer tunavyotumia ni kuongezeka

175
00:08:21,210 --> 00:08:24,440
na kukua na kuongezeka na daima
kukaa kabla ya idadi ya ka

176
00:08:24,440 --> 00:08:25,675
kuwa tunahitaji walionao katika huko.

177
00:08:25,675 --> 00:08:27,550
Handler, wakati huo huo, ni
kazi ambayo anapata

178
00:08:27,550 --> 00:08:30,630
kuitwa kwa njia ya kuwa na
kusajiliwa Kudhibiti C kama ishara

179
00:08:30,630 --> 00:08:32,140
kwamba tunataka kukatiza.

180
00:08:32,140 --> 00:08:34,070
Ona hapa katika handler
kwamba hatimaye

181
00:08:34,070 --> 00:08:36,780
wito kuacha, ambayo bila shaka
ataacha mtandao wa kompyuta.

182
00:08:36,780 --> 00:08:39,750
Na kwa bahati mbaya, lookup
haijatekelezwa.

183
00:08:39,750 --> 00:08:41,940
Katika roho, hii ni
haki rahisi kazi.

184
00:08:41,940 --> 00:08:44,900
Kutokana na faili ugani, inahitaji
kurudi ni kinachojulikana MIME

185
00:08:44,900 --> 00:08:46,320
aina au aina ya maudhui.

186
00:08:46,320 --> 00:08:49,260
Na sisi kutaja katika vipimo
nini ramani kwamba lazima.

187
00:08:49,260 --> 00:08:52,330
Lakini unahitaji kutafsiri
hatimaye kwa c code.

188
00:08:52,330 --> 00:08:56,490
>> Next up ni kazi yetu vile vile meaty
kuitwa parse, lengo lake katika maisha

189
00:08:56,490 --> 00:08:59,350
ni kusoma, si kutoka faili,
lakini kutokana na uhusiano wa mtandao.

190
00:08:59,350 --> 00:09:03,510
Hasa, kusoma na parsing
Ombi HTTP hiyo kuja kutoka browser

191
00:09:03,510 --> 00:09:05,940
kwa server ili
hatimaye tunaweza Hazrat

192
00:09:05,940 --> 00:09:09,530
saa tu headers katika ombi
line na kurudi wale na wewe

193
00:09:09,530 --> 00:09:12,720
kwa njia ya buffer kimataifa ambayo
sisi alitangaza juu [? kuu. ?]

194
00:09:12,720 --> 00:09:14,880
>> Rudisha, wakati huo huo, ni
kazi ambayo sisi kufafanua

195
00:09:14,880 --> 00:09:18,730
kwamba anapata kuitwa iteratively ndani
ya kuu kila wakati wewe ni kuhusu

196
00:09:18,730 --> 00:09:20,799
tayari kuanza kusikiliza
kwa ajili ya uhusiano mpya

197
00:09:20,799 --> 00:09:22,840
ili sisi daima kujua
hali ya vigezo wetu

198
00:09:22,840 --> 00:09:24,870
na hivyo kuwa tumekuwa pia
huru kumbukumbu yoyote kwamba

199
00:09:24,870 --> 00:09:28,070
anaweza kuwa zimetengwa kwa ajili ya
uliopita uhusiano wa mtandao.

200
00:09:28,070 --> 00:09:30,060
Next up yaani kuanza,
kazi ambayo sisi aliandika

201
00:09:30,060 --> 00:09:31,920
ambayo ina nzima
mengi ya mitandao code

202
00:09:31,920 --> 00:09:34,420
kwamba hatimaye kuanza server mtandao.

203
00:09:34,420 --> 00:09:36,680
>> Mwisho up ni kazi
kuitwa stop, ambayo

204
00:09:36,680 --> 00:09:38,770
gani hasa kwamba, ni
ataacha mtandao wa kompyuta.

205
00:09:38,770 --> 00:09:42,270
Lakini kwanza ni frees up kumbukumbu yoyote
kwamba bado zimetengwa.

206
00:09:42,270 --> 00:09:45,850
Lakini hatimaye wito exit
bila hata kurudi kudhibiti

207
00:09:45,850 --> 00:09:47,480
kwa kazi yetu kuu.

208
00:09:47,480 --> 00:09:49,480
Hatimaye, moja ya
mbinu muhimu zaidi

209
00:09:49,480 --> 00:09:52,680
wakati utekelezaji wa server mtandao huu ni
kwenda kuwa kidogo ya kesi na makosa,

210
00:09:52,680 --> 00:09:55,886
kuwa browser moja dirisha wazi
kulia na dirisha terminal katika

211
00:09:55,886 --> 00:09:57,760
kushoto, servrar console
dirisha, ili

212
00:09:57,760 --> 00:10:00,420
unaweza kuona ujumbe kwamba ni
kuwa visas kwenye screen.

213
00:10:00,420 --> 00:10:04,170
>> Lakini bado bora itakuwa ya tatu
dirisha, terminal dirisha pili,

214
00:10:04,170 --> 00:10:07,135
katika ambayo unaweza kutumia Telnet, matumizi
ambayo ni eda katika spec.

215
00:10:07,135 --> 00:10:09,640
Na Telnet ni tu sana
mtandao mpango rahisi

216
00:10:09,640 --> 00:10:12,660
ambayo inakuwezesha kujifanya
kuwa browser katika dirisha moja

217
00:10:12,660 --> 00:10:14,540
wakati kuzungumza na dirisha nyingine.

218
00:10:14,540 --> 00:10:16,830
Kwa njia hii unaweza kuona
hasa amri textual

219
00:10:16,830 --> 00:10:18,700
ambayo ni kuja nyuma
kutoka server kwa mteja

220
00:10:18,700 --> 00:10:20,810
bila ya kuwa na poking
karibu developer chrome ya

221
00:10:20,810 --> 00:10:24,010
zana katika vinginevyo
clunkier interface.

222
00:10:24,010 --> 00:10:29,099