1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:02,880 >> [Music kucheza] 2 00:00:02,880 --> 00:00:10,580 3 00:00:10,580 --> 00:00:13,500 >> SPIKA 1: Hii ni CS50 na huu ni mwanzo wa wiki mbili. 4 00:00:13,500 --> 00:00:18,400 Hivyo, hebu kupiga mbizi haki katika kitu kuwa ni Buggy, hivyo kusema. 5 00:00:18,400 --> 00:00:24,015 Kwa hiyo, hapa ni CS50 IDE na nimekuwa anapigiwa mapema hii screen-- damn 6 00:00:24,015 --> 00:00:25,070 yake. 7 00:00:25,070 --> 00:00:25,760 Spoiler tahadhari. 8 00:00:25,760 --> 00:00:26,260 Sawa. 9 00:00:26,260 --> 00:00:29,060 Nimekuwa anapigiwa screen hii hapa, ambayo ina mpango rahisi sana. 10 00:00:29,060 --> 00:00:32,659 Kama sisi kitabu chini, wengi haya ni maoni tu, 11 00:00:32,659 --> 00:00:36,730 lakini hapa katika mistari 13 kupitia 17 tuna mpango. 12 00:00:36,730 --> 00:00:40,580 >> Ni syntactically halali, ambayo ina maana kama Mimi kukusanya yake, itakuwa kukusanya na kukimbia, 13 00:00:40,580 --> 00:00:41,920 lakini ni Buggy. 14 00:00:41,920 --> 00:00:47,330 Madai Mpango huu katika maoni juu juu kwamba ni lazima magazeti nyota 10, 15 00:00:47,330 --> 00:00:48,870 lakini haina. 16 00:00:48,870 --> 00:00:53,290 Na kutokana na uzoefu wako, au hivi karibuni kuwa uzoefu na C, 17 00:00:53,290 --> 00:00:56,820 Unaweza kifikra kutambua kwa nini hii ni, kwa kweli, Buggy? 18 00:00:56,820 --> 00:00:57,804 Yeah? 19 00:00:57,804 --> 00:00:59,220 Watazamaji: Ni inakwenda kutoka sifuri hadi 10. 20 00:00:59,220 --> 00:01:01,884 Hiyo ni 11 iterations. 21 00:01:01,884 --> 00:01:02,550 SPIKA 1: Naam. 22 00:01:02,550 --> 00:01:06,030 Hivyo, ni kwenda kutoka sifuri juu kupitia na kuwa sawa na 10, 23 00:01:06,030 --> 00:01:08,140 ambayo bila shaka ni 11 iterations. 24 00:01:08,140 --> 00:01:10,020 Kwa hiyo, ni kwenda magazeti, kwa kweli, nyota 11. 25 00:01:10,020 --> 00:01:13,040 Hivyo, sayansi ya kompyuta mkataba katika lugha zaidi ya programu 26 00:01:13,040 --> 00:01:15,270 ni, kwa kweli, tu kuanza kuhesabu saa sifuri, 27 00:01:15,270 --> 00:01:18,800 lakini kuhesabu hadi lakini si kwa njia ya thamani kwamba kweli huduma ya juu. 28 00:01:18,800 --> 00:01:21,216 >> Sasa, hii ni jambo moja kwamba inachukua kidogo kupata kutumika 29 00:01:21,216 --> 00:01:25,350 na hata Scratch, iliyoundwa kama ilivyo kwa programmers yasiyo au zisizo kompyuta 30 00:01:25,350 --> 00:01:28,070 wanasayansi na kwa watoto kwa kiasi kikubwa, ni iliyoundwa na kuwa na 31 00:01:28,070 --> 00:01:29,570 wewe kuanza kuhesabu kwa ujumla katika moja. 32 00:01:29,570 --> 00:01:30,277 Na hiyo ni nzuri. 33 00:01:30,277 --> 00:01:33,110 Unaweza kabisa kuanza kuhesabu saa moja kama hiyo vizuri zaidi. 34 00:01:33,110 --> 00:01:37,210 Na kuhesabu hadi na kwa njia ya 10, lakini utasikia kutambua hasa wiki hii 35 00:01:37,210 --> 00:01:39,950 na zaidi ya hapo tu hivyo mambo mengi katika programu 36 00:01:39,950 --> 00:01:42,465 kudhani kuwa ni mara ya kwanza 0 tarakimu na ambayo kuhesabu, 37 00:01:42,465 --> 00:01:45,590 kwamba wewe ni kwenda kupata rahisi tu kupata katika tabia hii ya kuanzia 38 00:01:45,590 --> 00:01:49,490 kutoka sifuri na kuhesabu hadi thamani unaowajali hivi sasa kutoka 39 00:01:49,490 --> 00:01:49,990 kupata kwenda. 40 00:01:49,990 --> 00:01:50,990 >> Hivyo, kwamba ina fasta hiyo. 41 00:01:50,990 --> 00:01:53,670 Sisi iliyopita chini ya au sawa tu chini ya. 42 00:01:53,670 --> 00:01:56,050 Hebu tuangalie Mfano wa pili hapa. 43 00:01:56,050 --> 00:01:59,585 >> Hivyo, mpango huu pia anadai katika wake maoni juu juu kwamba ni lazima magazeti 44 00:01:59,585 --> 00:02:02,260 nyota kumi, lakini haina. 45 00:02:02,260 --> 00:02:05,540 Nini mdudu hapa? 46 00:02:05,540 --> 00:02:07,930 >> Hivyo, what-- na pole, hebu kuwa wazi. 47 00:02:07,930 --> 00:02:08,610 10 nyota. 48 00:02:08,610 --> 00:02:11,644 Moja kwa kila mstari, lakini haina. 49 00:02:11,644 --> 00:02:14,810 Kwa hiyo, kwa kweli, napenda kwenda mbele na kukusanya hii moja kwa sababu ni kidogo kidogo 50 00:02:14,810 --> 00:02:16,900 wazi kwa kuzingatia kwamba maelezo. 51 00:02:16,900 --> 00:02:18,720 Hebu kwenda katika chanzo directory yetu. 52 00:02:18,720 --> 00:02:25,110 Kufanya buggy moja dot slash, buggy moja. 53 00:02:25,110 --> 00:02:28,680 Sawa, naona nyota 11, ambayo bado ni tatizo, 54 00:02:28,680 --> 00:02:30,090 lakini wao ni pia wote katika mstari mmoja. 55 00:02:30,090 --> 00:02:31,500 Nini suala hapa? 56 00:02:31,500 --> 00:02:32,339 Naam. 57 00:02:32,339 --> 00:02:33,255 Watazamaji: [inaudible]. 58 00:02:33,255 --> 00:02:36,194 59 00:02:36,194 --> 00:02:36,860 SPIKA 1: Naam. 60 00:02:36,860 --> 00:02:40,210 Hivyo hii ni hila kwamba unaweza kufanya hivyo kukumbuka mimi kuwakumbukeni mafupi ya. 61 00:02:40,210 --> 00:02:42,793 Hata kama kila kitu inaonekana mzuri, na ni vizuri indented, 62 00:02:42,793 --> 00:02:45,850 na ni aina ya inaonekana Scratch-kama kwa kuwa mstari wa 16 na 17 ni, 63 00:02:45,850 --> 00:02:47,600 Hakika, indented chini ya kwamba kwa kitanzi. 64 00:02:47,600 --> 00:02:48,400 Hiyo ni halina maana yoyote. 65 00:02:48,400 --> 00:02:50,460 Kompyuta haina kujua au kuona nafasi nyeupe. 66 00:02:50,460 --> 00:02:52,910 Nafasi nyeupe ni tu kwa ajili ya sisi binadamu, stylistically. 67 00:02:52,910 --> 00:02:57,010 Kompyuta haina kujua wakati una braces curly, ambayo ingekuwa, kwa hakika, 68 00:02:57,010 --> 00:02:58,280 kurekebisha tatizo hili. 69 00:02:58,280 --> 00:03:02,350 >> Hivyo, kama sisi kweli alikwenda katika na waziwazi kuweka katika hizi braces curly 70 00:03:02,350 --> 00:03:05,220 ambayo ingeweza kurekebisha tatizo hili kwa kufanya wazi kwa compiler 71 00:03:05,220 --> 00:03:07,930 kwamba mimi kwa kweli wanataka kutekeleza mistari miwili ya kificho tena, 72 00:03:07,930 --> 00:03:09,220 na tena, na tena. 73 00:03:09,220 --> 00:03:11,680 Lakini nini maelezo ya msingi? 74 00:03:11,680 --> 00:03:12,180 Sawa? 75 00:03:12,180 --> 00:03:15,260 Hatuna haja madhubuti curly braces wakati wote, 76 00:03:15,260 --> 00:03:18,210 hata kama ni pengine ni bora mazoezi ili kupata katika tabia hiyo anyway 77 00:03:18,210 --> 00:03:20,878 ingawa inaongeza mbili wahusika na kanuni yako. kwa nini? 78 00:03:20,878 --> 00:03:22,380 >> Watazamaji: [inaudible]? 79 00:03:22,380 --> 00:03:24,630 SPIKA 1: Yeah hivyo hiyo ni ufumbuzi nyingine kabisa. 80 00:03:24,630 --> 00:03:25,130 Sawa? 81 00:03:25,130 --> 00:03:28,250 Hasa kama katika mtazamo wa kwanza huna kweli kufahamu nini kinaendelea. 82 00:03:28,250 --> 00:03:31,070 Naam, hakika tunaweza tu kufanya mambo mawili kwa wakati mmoja 83 00:03:31,070 --> 00:03:32,710 na tu kuepuka tatizo kabisa. 84 00:03:32,710 --> 00:03:36,080 Na hiyo ni nzuri, lakini sasa, kwa madhumuni ya leo, yale 85 00:03:36,080 --> 00:03:38,200 ni maelezo kwa mdudu? 86 00:03:38,200 --> 00:03:39,810 Kwa nini nyota wale wote kwenye mstari mmoja? 87 00:03:39,810 --> 00:03:40,806 Yeah? 88 00:03:40,806 --> 00:03:43,296 >> Watazamaji: Inaonekana kwamba kama una mstari mmoja wa kanuni, 89 00:03:43,296 --> 00:03:46,649 unaweza kufanya hivyo bila hizo. 90 00:03:46,649 --> 00:03:47,440 SPIKA 1: Hasa. 91 00:03:47,440 --> 00:03:48,750 Hii ni mkataba tu binadamu. 92 00:03:48,750 --> 00:03:50,750 Watu kutambua kwamba ni kidogo annoying au tedious 93 00:03:50,750 --> 00:03:53,470 kuwa na kuweka braces curly zote muda kama wote unataka kufanya 94 00:03:53,470 --> 00:03:55,090 ni kutekeleza moja mstari wa kanuni. 95 00:03:55,090 --> 00:03:57,660 Hivyo, binadamu aliamua baadhi wakati iliyopita kwamba hiyo ni nzuri. 96 00:03:57,660 --> 00:04:01,180 Kama unataka kuweka yote ya kitanzi yako juu tu kwamba mstari mmoja kama hii, 97 00:04:01,180 --> 00:04:04,030 hiyo ni nzuri kwa moja semicolon mwishoni. 98 00:04:04,030 --> 00:04:07,210 Lakini unaweza tu kufanya moja kama mstari bila braces curly. 99 00:04:07,210 --> 00:04:09,900 >> Hivyo, wakati CS50 style mwongozo kama kumweka wewe, 100 00:04:09,900 --> 00:04:11,980 utaona kwamba kwa ujumla ni tabia nzuri 101 00:04:11,980 --> 00:04:14,920 kupata katika hii mpaka uko vizuri kabisa upotofu 102 00:04:14,920 --> 00:04:17,404 kutoka aina hii ya mikataba na kufanya jambo yako mwenyewe. 103 00:04:17,404 --> 00:04:18,820 Muda mrefu kama wewe ni binafsi thabiti. 104 00:04:18,820 --> 00:04:21,540 Na tutaweza majadiliano zaidi kuhusu style kidogo baadaye leo. 105 00:04:21,540 --> 00:04:23,200 >> Hivyo, napenda kufungua mpango mwingine mmoja. 106 00:04:23,200 --> 00:04:24,930 Bila shaka, tunapaswa kurekebisha kwamba 10 pia. 107 00:04:24,930 --> 00:04:32,470 Hebu kwenda mbele na kuandika halisi Mpango wa haraka kwamba Mimi nitakuita, 108 00:04:32,470 --> 00:04:38,140 hebu sema, kitanzi dot C. Hivyo, kitanzi dot C. Na katika kitanzi nukta C mimi nina kwenda kuwa, 109 00:04:38,140 --> 00:04:41,970 pamoja na kiwango I / O dot H int utupu kuu. 110 00:04:41,970 --> 00:04:44,020 Na sasa hebu tu kufanya, kwa kweli, kitanzi. 111 00:04:44,020 --> 00:04:46,020 Hivyo, 4 int mimi anapata sifuri. 112 00:04:46,020 --> 00:04:48,660 Mimi ni chini ya, kusema, 50. 113 00:04:48,660 --> 00:04:49,950 Mimi pamoja, plus. 114 00:04:49,950 --> 00:04:53,350 Na kisha katika hapa hebu kwenda mbele na kufanya magazeti F. 115 00:04:53,350 --> 00:04:56,400 Na kisha nataka magazeti mimi na mstari mpya, semicolon. 116 00:04:56,400 --> 00:05:00,015 >> Na hii lazima magazeti yote idadi kutoka sifuri hadi 50? 117 00:05:00,015 --> 00:05:02,900 118 00:05:02,900 --> 00:05:03,680 Kichwa chache nods. 119 00:05:03,680 --> 00:05:04,270 Nos chache. 120 00:05:04,270 --> 00:05:05,339 Nini mdudu tayari? 121 00:05:05,339 --> 00:05:06,630 Nini kosa la rahisi nilifanya? 122 00:05:06,630 --> 00:05:07,170 Naam. 123 00:05:07,170 --> 00:05:08,544 >> Watazamaji: [inaudible]. 124 00:05:08,544 --> 00:05:09,210 SPIKA 1: Naam. 125 00:05:09,210 --> 00:05:11,520 Hivyo hata kama inaonekana kama hii ni nini mimi na nia, 126 00:05:11,520 --> 00:05:13,920 kukumbuka kuwa mimi pia ni tu tabia ASCII. 127 00:05:13,920 --> 00:05:14,955 >> Hivyo, kama mimi kusema, magazeti "mimi" 128 00:05:14,955 --> 00:05:16,670 Ni halisi kwenda magazeti I. Hivyo, kama mimi 129 00:05:16,670 --> 00:05:20,030 wanataka kuziba-katika placeholder thamani mimi kwa kweli haja ya kufanya hivyo 130 00:05:20,030 --> 00:05:22,630 na kisha kuziba-katika thamani ya mimi dynamically. 131 00:05:22,630 --> 00:05:25,200 Vinginevyo mimi nina kwenda tu kwa kupata 50 mimi juu ya screen. 132 00:05:25,200 --> 00:05:28,140 >> Hivyo, basi mimi kwenda mbele na kufanya kitanzi hii, kukimbia, 133 00:05:28,140 --> 00:05:30,650 na kwa kweli, tuna kila njia ya juu kupitia 49. 134 00:05:30,650 --> 00:05:34,140 Na kama mimi kitabu nyuma katika wakati mimi kuona idadi sifuri katika mwanzo. 135 00:05:34,140 --> 00:05:36,050 >> Naam, nini kama mimi aina ya screw up? 136 00:05:36,050 --> 00:05:37,800 Nini kama mimi kufanya hili? 137 00:05:37,800 --> 00:05:40,120 Kwa sababu tu mimi si kufikiri. 138 00:05:40,120 --> 00:05:40,970 Nini mpango huu. 139 00:05:40,970 --> 00:05:43,970 Mara re ulioandaliwa na kukimbia, kwenda kufanya kifikra? 140 00:05:43,970 --> 00:05:44,870 >> Watazamaji: Hakuna. 141 00:05:44,870 --> 00:05:45,661 >> SPIKA 1: Hakuna. 142 00:05:45,661 --> 00:05:47,156 Kwanini hivyo? 143 00:05:47,156 --> 00:05:49,124 >> Watazamaji: Mimi ni iliyoundwa kwa ajili sifuri. 144 00:05:49,124 --> 00:05:51,899 Kwa hiyo, hali ni ya uongo. 145 00:05:51,899 --> 00:05:52,940 SPIKA 1: Yeah, kwa uhakika. 146 00:05:52,940 --> 00:05:55,110 Kanuni zote ni sahihi, syntactically. 147 00:05:55,110 --> 00:05:57,310 Hii itakuwa kukusanya, hii kificho inakwenda, lakini siyo 148 00:05:57,310 --> 00:06:00,110 kwenda kufanya kitu chochote muhimu kwa sababu mimi initialize mimi kwa sifuri. 149 00:06:00,110 --> 00:06:02,240 Sisi kisha kuangalia, ni mimi zaidi kuliko 50? 150 00:06:02,240 --> 00:06:03,810 Ni wazi, hakuna, siyo. 151 00:06:03,810 --> 00:06:05,760 Hivyo kitanzi kamwe executes wakati wote. 152 00:06:05,760 --> 00:06:09,580 >> Nini kama sisi kufanya kitu reckless zaidi kidogo? 153 00:06:09,580 --> 00:06:12,890 Hivyo, nini kama sisi kufanya kama int mimi anapata sifuri. 154 00:06:12,890 --> 00:06:15,640 Na sasa napenda kutumia wakati kitanzi, ambayo ilikuwa hali ya mwingine. 155 00:06:15,640 --> 00:06:21,810 Na wakati mimi kusema, wakati mimi ni mkubwa kuliko au sawa na sifuri, na kisha katika hapa mimi 156 00:06:21,810 --> 00:06:26,070 kwenda mbele na kuokoa faili, kufanya kitanzi. 157 00:06:26,070 --> 00:06:27,070 Na mimi nina kuhusu kuendesha. 158 00:06:27,070 --> 00:06:30,230 Nataka kwenda kuona hii muda na wakati kitanzi? 159 00:06:30,230 --> 00:06:30,852 Naam. 160 00:06:30,852 --> 00:06:32,120 >> Watazamaji: kitanzi usio? 161 00:06:32,120 --> 00:06:35,360 >> SPIKA 1: kitanzi usio? 162 00:06:35,360 --> 00:06:36,662 Ndiyo, na kwa nini? 163 00:06:36,662 --> 00:06:38,120 Watazamaji: Kwa sababu mara nyingi ni sifuri. 164 00:06:38,120 --> 00:06:38,786 SPIKA 1: Naam. 165 00:06:38,786 --> 00:06:40,100 Kwa hiyo, mimi ni initialized kama sifuri. 166 00:06:40,100 --> 00:06:44,470 Bila shaka mimi ni daima zaidi kuliko au sawa na 0 kama matokeo. 167 00:06:44,470 --> 00:06:46,460 Kwa hiyo, mimi nina kwenda tu kwa kuona hii kubwa. 168 00:06:46,460 --> 00:06:49,850 Na sasa, hii ina kuja mara moja au mara mbili kwa wakuu kozi. 169 00:06:49,850 --> 00:06:52,417 Kile kinachotokea wakati kuwa kitanzi usio? 170 00:06:52,417 --> 00:06:53,314 >> Watazamaji: Kudhibiti C. 171 00:06:53,314 --> 00:06:53,980 SPIKA 1: Naam. 172 00:06:53,980 --> 00:06:56,250 Hivyo Kudhibiti C hatimaye kujibu. 173 00:06:56,250 --> 00:06:59,520 Kwa bahati mbaya, tumekuwa kuchapishwa mamilioni na mamilioni ya zeroes tayari 174 00:06:59,520 --> 00:07:01,520 na hivyo kompyuta ina aina ya got mbele yangu. 175 00:07:01,520 --> 00:07:03,394 Hivyo, ni kwenda kupuuza mimi kwa kidogo. 176 00:07:03,394 --> 00:07:06,560 Lakini kama wewe tu hit Kudhibiti C chache mara juu ya Mac au PC yako keyboard, 177 00:07:06,560 --> 00:07:08,790 Hatimaye ni lazima, kwa hakika, kusitisha. 178 00:07:08,790 --> 00:07:11,770 Na kama sio, tutaweza kuonyesha baadhi mbinu kabla ya muda mrefu ambapo 179 00:07:11,770 --> 00:07:14,850 unaweza kweli kwa nguvu kuua mipango, kiasi kama katika Windows na Mac OS, 180 00:07:14,850 --> 00:07:15,562 ikiwa ni lazima. 181 00:07:15,562 --> 00:07:16,770 Lakini hebu jaribu kitu kingine. 182 00:07:16,770 --> 00:07:19,895 Hebu kweli increment I. Je, hii bado ni kwenda kuwa usio? 183 00:07:19,895 --> 00:07:22,870 184 00:07:22,870 --> 00:07:25,140 Hebu kukimbia hii. 185 00:07:25,140 --> 00:07:27,090 Na sasa unaweza aina ya kuona nini kinatokea. 186 00:07:27,090 --> 00:07:30,140 Hii pia, ni kitanzi usio. 187 00:07:30,140 --> 00:07:33,080 Lakini hii ni kidogo ya swali hila. 188 00:07:33,080 --> 00:07:35,460 Je, hii ni kwenda magazeti idadi milele? 189 00:07:35,460 --> 00:07:36,647 >> Watazamaji: Hapana 190 00:07:36,647 --> 00:07:37,230 SPIKA 1: Hapana 191 00:07:37,230 --> 00:07:37,620 Kwa nini? 192 00:07:37,620 --> 00:07:38,820 Nilisikia baadhi nos zaidi ya hapa. 193 00:07:38,820 --> 00:07:41,859 Someone-- Naam. 194 00:07:41,859 --> 00:07:44,275 Watazamaji: Huna kutosha bits kwa kweli kuendelea. 195 00:07:44,275 --> 00:07:44,730 SPIKA 1: Sawa. 196 00:07:44,730 --> 00:07:46,000 Hivyo sina kutosha bits kuendelea. 197 00:07:46,000 --> 00:07:47,124 Hivyo, nini kitatokea? 198 00:07:47,124 --> 00:07:49,320 Ni tu kwenda kuacha? 199 00:07:49,320 --> 00:07:52,542 >> Watazamaji: Katika hatua nyingine itakuwa imefungwa the-- 200 00:07:52,542 --> 00:07:54,500 SPIKA 1: Ni itakuwa imefungwa kitanzi chini, lakini kwa nini? 201 00:07:54,500 --> 00:07:57,950 Nini kitatokea katika mwisho kabisa wa mipaka yake? 202 00:07:57,950 --> 00:07:58,479 Yeah? 203 00:07:58,479 --> 00:08:00,520 Watazamaji: Ni mapenzi mzunguko nyuma ya namba hasi. 204 00:08:00,520 --> 00:08:02,900 SPIKA 1: Kwa idadi hasi, au kama tulikuwa tu kutibu ukimwi, 205 00:08:02,900 --> 00:08:03,570 sifuri angalau. 206 00:08:03,570 --> 00:08:04,550 Hivyo ndiyo, kabisa. 207 00:08:04,550 --> 00:08:08,059 Kumbuka kuwa tuliona mara ya mwisho kwamba kama wewe increment vipande yako moja mara nyingi sana, 208 00:08:08,059 --> 00:08:10,225 na wewe huko mbele kufurika uwezo wa int yako 209 00:08:10,225 --> 00:08:13,058 au chochote data aina ni, wewe ni kwenda kufungia, pengine, 210 00:08:13,058 --> 00:08:14,020 mbili idadi hasi. 211 00:08:14,020 --> 00:08:16,644 Au kama umefanya bayana kwamba yako mbalimbali lazima tu chanya, 212 00:08:16,644 --> 00:08:18,560 ambayo unaweza kufanya, lakini tumekuwa si kuonekana kwamba bado, 213 00:08:18,560 --> 00:08:21,420 unaweza kuishia angalau nyuma katika sifuri. 214 00:08:21,420 --> 00:08:22,410 Pamoja na kwamba, kwa kweli ndiyo. 215 00:08:22,410 --> 00:08:24,320 Katika kesi hiyo, hasi nambari, katika kesi ambayo 216 00:08:24,320 --> 00:08:26,870 kitanzi ni kwenda kusitisha kwa sababu mimi si, kwa kweli, 217 00:08:26,870 --> 00:08:29,220 kubwa zaidi kuliko au sawa na sifuri ikiwa ni hasi. 218 00:08:29,220 --> 00:08:31,780 >> Kwa hiyo, kwa bahati mbaya, jinsi muda mrefu bila sisi kusubiri? 219 00:08:31,780 --> 00:08:35,490 Hivi sasa tuko hadi nini, milioni 2-ish? 220 00:08:35,490 --> 00:08:37,705 Sisi ni kama bilioni 2, tunakwenda kuwa na kusubiri 221 00:08:37,705 --> 00:08:39,330 mpaka tunaweza kweli kuona dalili hii. 222 00:08:39,330 --> 00:08:46,200 Lakini tunaweza kuona kidogo kwa kasi, maybe-- hebu angalia kama tunaweza kupinga. 223 00:08:46,200 --> 00:08:46,700 Kuja juu. 224 00:08:46,700 --> 00:08:49,500 225 00:08:49,500 --> 00:08:51,331 Hata menus ni kuonekana polepole. 226 00:08:51,331 --> 00:08:51,830 Sawa. 227 00:08:51,830 --> 00:08:54,270 Hivyo, tutaweza kuja nyuma na kwamba kabla ya muda mrefu. 228 00:08:54,270 --> 00:08:56,320 Ni vizuri time-- damn it, puppies. 229 00:08:56,320 --> 00:08:58,280 >> Ni wakati mzuri kwa baadhi ya matangazo. 230 00:08:58,280 --> 00:09:01,225 Hivyo, kama unaweza kama kushiriki katika YHack, 231 00:09:01,225 --> 00:09:03,600 ambayo ni tukio kuwa kufadhiliwa na marafiki zetu katika Yale. 232 00:09:03,600 --> 00:09:05,990 Na kwa kweli, baadhi ya kozi TFS katika Yale ni wanaohusika na hii. 233 00:09:05,990 --> 00:09:08,610 YHack ni ya kimataifa hack-thon mwenyeji na na uliofanyika 234 00:09:08,610 --> 00:09:12,395 katika Yale, kuleta pamoja 1,500 kama Hackare nia na ubunifu zote 235 00:09:12,395 --> 00:09:13,120 duniani kote. 236 00:09:13,120 --> 00:09:14,610 Kama hii ni ya riba, tuangalie hapa. 237 00:09:14,610 --> 00:09:17,401 Kama hii ni pia kwa ufupi juu ya screen, tuangalie slides leo 238 00:09:17,401 --> 00:09:19,622 kwa URL kwa yhack.org. 239 00:09:19,622 --> 00:09:21,080 Hivyo, matangazo pia chache haraka. 240 00:09:21,080 --> 00:09:24,410 Hivyo, rasmi sehemu itaanza wiki ijayo wote hapa na New Haven. 241 00:09:24,410 --> 00:09:27,660 Kumbuka wewe utakuwa na kupata email baadaye mwishoni mwa wiki hii na uwezo mkubwa. 242 00:09:27,660 --> 00:09:29,390 Inachukua muda mrefu kwa CS50 kwa sehemu, 243 00:09:29,390 --> 00:09:32,080 kutokana na watu wote katika darasa na kila mtu wakiogelea. 244 00:09:32,080 --> 00:09:34,871 Na Fellows zote Ualimu ' ratiba pia bado solidifying, 245 00:09:34,871 --> 00:09:38,110 lakini kukaa tuned kwa barua pepe na kama haja kuwa, unaweza re-sehemu huko baada. 246 00:09:38,110 --> 00:09:39,580 >> Study.cs50.net. 247 00:09:39,580 --> 00:09:43,280 Kwa hiyo, hata kama wewe ni attendee ya mara kwa mara katika sehemu, kutambua kwamba karibu wote 248 00:09:43,280 --> 00:09:46,786 ya rasilimali tunatumia katika sehemu ni hadharani inapatikana katika CS50 249 00:09:46,786 --> 00:09:48,460 Kusoma katika URL hii hapa. 250 00:09:48,460 --> 00:09:51,630 Hivyo, kama wewe d milele kama re mapitio vifaa kutoka sehemu, au kusoma mbele, 251 00:09:51,630 --> 00:09:54,170 au huwezi kufanya hivyo baadhi ya wiki, kutambua kwamba slides sampuli, 252 00:09:54,170 --> 00:09:58,210 na matatizo, na ufafanuzi, na zaidi wote ni huko pia. 253 00:09:58,210 --> 00:10:00,645 >> Masaa ya ofisi kuanza leo, na kesho, na Jumatano, 254 00:10:00,645 --> 00:10:03,020 na Alhamisi kuangalia kozi tovuti kwa ajili ya ratiba. 255 00:10:03,020 --> 00:10:05,690 >> Na pia, sasa uzinduzi leo ni CS50 Diskutera. 256 00:10:05,690 --> 00:10:09,230 Hivyo, kama na wakati una maswali kwa kila mmoja au kwa wafanyakazi kozi, 257 00:10:09,230 --> 00:10:12,099 na kwa ujumla kufanya kazi juu ya baadhi kuweka tatizo, 258 00:10:12,099 --> 00:10:15,015 kutambua kwamba si lazima na kurejea kwa binadamu mwingine. 259 00:10:15,015 --> 00:10:17,810 Kama kuna mtu yeyote huko, unaweza kufikia nje kwa sisi na wanafunzi 260 00:10:17,810 --> 00:10:19,890 online kupitia CS50 Diskutera. 261 00:10:19,890 --> 00:10:22,600 Hivyo, hii ni majadiliano bodi kwa hakika, 262 00:10:22,600 --> 00:10:24,550 na kutambua kwamba hii Pengine ni bora 263 00:10:24,550 --> 00:10:28,480 mahali kuanza wakati una maswali wakati wa masaa ya ofisi nje 264 00:10:28,480 --> 00:10:29,470 hasa. 265 00:10:29,470 --> 00:10:31,070 >> Chakula cha mchana itaanza up wiki hii pia. 266 00:10:31,070 --> 00:10:33,170 Wakati Moto na Ice [Inaudible] katika New Haven. 267 00:10:33,170 --> 00:10:35,379 Kuangalia kozi tovuti ili RSVP. 268 00:10:35,379 --> 00:10:36,753 Kwanza kuja, kwanza kutumika kwa ajili hiyo. 269 00:10:36,753 --> 00:10:39,380 Kama huna kupata katika wiki hii tutaweza kufanya kazi hizi Ijumaa wengi kila 270 00:10:39,380 --> 00:10:40,400 wakati wa muda. 271 00:10:40,400 --> 00:10:41,830 >> Sawa, na sasa neno juu ya grading. 272 00:10:41,830 --> 00:10:44,690 Hasa kama sisi kuingia tatizo kuweka moja, ambayo ni nje wiki hii, 273 00:10:44,690 --> 00:10:46,670 na tatizo kuweka mbili na baada ya hapo. 274 00:10:46,670 --> 00:10:51,680 Je, sisi kwenda juu ya kufanya tathmini ya seti P na kutathmini ubora wake? 275 00:10:51,680 --> 00:10:55,560 Hivyo, ni shoka nne tunavyotumia katika CS50, na wao uko hizi nne hapa. 276 00:10:55,560 --> 00:10:59,200 >> Wigo, ambayo Ukamataji juu numeric msingi ni kiasi gani cha P seti 277 00:10:59,200 --> 00:10:59,860 je kukabiliana. 278 00:10:59,860 --> 00:11:02,890 Ni takribani sambamba na juhudi, na ni njia yetu ya kunasa 279 00:11:02,890 --> 00:11:05,190 je kujaribu nusu P kuweka, wote wa P kuweka. 280 00:11:05,190 --> 00:11:08,860 Hii ni moja rahisi kupata kamili alama juu ya kama wewe, kwa kweli, 281 00:11:08,860 --> 00:11:11,020 kujaribu kila nyanja ya P kuweka. 282 00:11:11,020 --> 00:11:12,010 Hivyo, kuendelea kuwa katika akili. 283 00:11:12,010 --> 00:11:13,420 >> Usahihi ni hasa kwamba. 284 00:11:13,420 --> 00:11:17,760 Anafanya kazi kanuni yako kama vipimo na kama fimbo 'sampuli ufumbuzi 285 00:11:17,760 --> 00:11:19,730 zinaonyesha kwamba kanuni yako lazima, kwa kweli, kazi. 286 00:11:19,730 --> 00:11:23,260 Angalia 50, kama una si alikutana yake bado, ni katika P kuweka vipimo moja 287 00:11:23,260 --> 00:11:25,060 na mapenzi kwa ujumla kukupa ndiyo / hapana majibu 288 00:11:25,060 --> 00:11:26,518 iwapo kanuni yako ni sahihi. 289 00:11:26,518 --> 00:11:30,680 Angalau hadi sasa kama tunakwenda kwa kutathmini ni kulingana na vipimo 290 00:11:30,680 --> 00:11:32,430 kwamba sisi kukimbia ndani ya mpango huo. 291 00:11:32,430 --> 00:11:33,850 >> Kubuni ni zaidi lenyewe. 292 00:11:33,850 --> 00:11:35,994 Hivi ndivyo vizuri imeandikwa ni kanuni yako. 293 00:11:35,994 --> 00:11:38,410 Na hii ni kitu ambacho wewe utakuwa kupata bora katika baada ya muda, 294 00:11:38,410 --> 00:11:41,201 na ni kitu ambacho tutaweza kutoa zaidi ubora maoni juu. 295 00:11:41,201 --> 00:11:43,350 Na kwa kubuni nipate maana kabla ya muda mrefu wewe 296 00:11:43,350 --> 00:11:47,650 kujaribiwa katika baadhi P kuweka kufanya kitu loopingly, 297 00:11:47,650 --> 00:11:51,590 lakini kwa kuwa labda watatu au wane, au tano Furushi mizunguko mbele au Furushi wakati 298 00:11:51,590 --> 00:11:52,090 loops. 299 00:11:52,090 --> 00:11:54,130 Kuwa kwa ujumla lazima kuanza kufanya cringe 300 00:11:54,130 --> 00:11:56,070 na ingekuwa kwa ujumla kuwa kuchukuliwa mbaya kubuni. 301 00:11:56,070 --> 00:11:59,490 Na itabidi kuanza kuona darasani na nje ya njia darasa mzuri wa kufanya mambo, 302 00:11:59,490 --> 00:12:02,920 njia mbaya ya kufanya mambo ambayo Huenda zote kuwa sahihi, lakini si 303 00:12:02,920 --> 00:12:04,304 lazima vizuri iliyoundwa. 304 00:12:04,304 --> 00:12:05,220 Kama kuandika insha. 305 00:12:05,220 --> 00:12:08,100 Unaweza kuwa na uwezo wa kuweka maneno kwenye ukurasa kwamba ni grama sahihi, 306 00:12:08,100 --> 00:12:10,016 lakini insha au Thesis wao uko katika ni 307 00:12:10,016 --> 00:12:11,810 incoherent kabisa au unpersuasive. 308 00:12:11,810 --> 00:12:15,930 Na hivyo hiyo inaweza kuwa ni Analog katika dunia ya maandishi ya mbaya au nzuri kubuni. 309 00:12:15,930 --> 00:12:18,490 >> Na style, pia, ni haki lenyewe. 310 00:12:18,490 --> 00:12:20,060 Lakini angalau tunatarajia msimamo. 311 00:12:20,060 --> 00:12:21,480 Hivi ndivyo mzuri ni kanuni yako. 312 00:12:21,480 --> 00:12:22,840 Ni mambo vizuri indented? 313 00:12:22,840 --> 00:12:26,600 Ni vigezo yako vizuri aitwaye / Je, wote ni ya mabano yako na braces curly 314 00:12:26,600 --> 00:12:27,920 kompyuta kama wanapaswa kuwa? 315 00:12:27,920 --> 00:12:31,490 Hatuwezi kuwa CS50 style mwongozo kama kuweka tatizo kumweka wewe katika. 316 00:12:31,490 --> 00:12:33,730 Wale vizuri zaidi ni kuwakaribisha kwa kupotea kutoka kuwa 317 00:12:33,730 --> 00:12:35,771 muda mrefu kama wewe ni binafsi thabiti. 318 00:12:35,771 --> 00:12:38,020 Na hii, pia, ni somo tutaweza kuimarisha katika sehemu. 319 00:12:38,020 --> 00:12:40,990 Hivyo, kama yote haya ilikuwa ni kidogo haraka, kutambua P seti na sehemu 320 00:12:40,990 --> 00:12:42,900 kwenda katika kina zaidi kabla ya muda mrefu. 321 00:12:42,900 --> 00:12:45,490 >> Lakini kwa ujumla tuna ndoo wachache sana kwa CS50. 322 00:12:45,490 --> 00:12:48,170 Alama kwa ujumla kwa kiwango ya 1-3, au 1-5. 323 00:12:48,170 --> 00:12:50,836 Tuko literally-- na siwezi kusema huu kutosha katika wiki ya kwanza. 324 00:12:50,836 --> 00:12:51,582 Tatu ni nzuri. 325 00:12:51,582 --> 00:12:54,290 Hivyo, ingawa, ndiyo, watatu kati ya tano kwa kawaida, hesabu, 326 00:12:54,290 --> 00:12:57,240 inaweza kuwa asilimia 60 au kama D bala. 327 00:12:57,240 --> 00:12:58,840 Tatu ni, kwa kweli, nzuri. 328 00:12:58,840 --> 00:13:01,050 Na, kwa kweli, tunatarajia wanafunzi wengi darasani 329 00:13:01,050 --> 00:13:04,280 kuanza mbali mrefu kuzunguka wawili-wawili, na watatu watatu, na kikundi cha watu wane. 330 00:13:04,280 --> 00:13:05,510 Umri wa miaka mitano pengine si nyingi. 331 00:13:05,510 --> 00:13:06,661 Si wengi mno ndio. 332 00:13:06,661 --> 00:13:08,910 Lakini kwa ujumla kuanza katika kuwa tamu doa katika Curve 333 00:13:08,910 --> 00:13:11,694 ili kama muda unavyoendelea, kuna kweli chumba kwa, 334 00:13:11,694 --> 00:13:13,360 na fursa kwa ajili ya maendeleo ya juu. 335 00:13:13,360 --> 00:13:15,810 Hivyo, tafadhali wala equate tatu kwa 60%. 336 00:13:15,810 --> 00:13:17,410 Ni zaidi abstract kuliko hiyo. 337 00:13:17,410 --> 00:13:20,160 Fomula ambayo sisi mahesabu ya darasa ni mizigo kama ifuatavyo. 338 00:13:20,160 --> 00:13:21,610 Usahihi ni ya thamani zaidi. 339 00:13:21,610 --> 00:13:23,010 Kubuni ni ya thamani kidogo kidogo. 340 00:13:23,010 --> 00:13:24,490 Style ni ya thamani kidogo kidogo. 341 00:13:24,490 --> 00:13:26,950 Na hii kwa ujumla Ukamataji kiasi cha muda 342 00:13:26,950 --> 00:13:29,800 kwamba huenda katika kupata kila ya shoka haya tu ya haki. 343 00:13:29,800 --> 00:13:31,810 Style ni super rahisi, lazima super haraka, 344 00:13:31,810 --> 00:13:33,657 lakini ni tabia rahisi kupata wavivu juu. 345 00:13:33,657 --> 00:13:35,490 Usahihi inaweza kuchukua wewe zaidi ya muda. 346 00:13:35,490 --> 00:13:38,990 Chasing chini baadhi ushujaa mdudu kuchukua saa hiyo ya ziada au zaidi, 347 00:13:38,990 --> 00:13:41,737 na hivyo, bao hatimaye Ukamataji huo. 348 00:13:41,737 --> 00:13:43,070 Na hivyo, sasa neno mbaya zaidi. 349 00:13:43,070 --> 00:13:45,240 Tangu CS50 ina Tofauti, kwa bora 350 00:13:45,240 --> 00:13:47,440 au mbaya, ya kuwa labda bora khabari 351 00:13:47,440 --> 00:13:50,065 na masuala ya kitaaluma uaminifu kuliko wengi bila shaka yoyote. 352 00:13:50,065 --> 00:13:53,720 Na hakika, ni kwa ufahamu wangu kwamba sisi kupeleka wanafunzi zaidi, kwa bahati mbaya, 353 00:13:53,720 --> 00:13:56,690 kwa madhumuni ya nidhamu kila mwaka kutokana. Kwa hiyo, 354 00:13:56,690 --> 00:13:59,040 kwa maslahi ya kamili kutoa taarifa, hebu majadiliano kwa ufupi 355 00:13:59,040 --> 00:14:02,820 kuhusu yale yanayoendelea katika CS50, na kile unaweza kufanya, na nini unaweza kukumbuka ya. 356 00:14:02,820 --> 00:14:05,530 >> Kwa hiyo, hapa tangu mwaka 2007, wakati Mimi kurithi shaka, 357 00:14:05,530 --> 00:14:07,870 ni idadi ya Ad Bodi ya kesi. 358 00:14:07,870 --> 00:14:10,690 Tangazo Bodi ni za kinidhamu Harvard mwili, au sasa Wakili Heshima, 359 00:14:10,690 --> 00:14:13,790 ambayo ni inajulikana kesi wakati wanafunzi kufanya kitu ambacho bila shaka ya 360 00:14:13,790 --> 00:14:15,470 mtaala anaona maana. 361 00:14:15,470 --> 00:14:17,220 Hakuna mfano halisi hapa, napenda kusema. 362 00:14:17,220 --> 00:14:19,530 Ni hushuka zaidi Miaka lakini kwa ujumla 363 00:14:19,530 --> 00:14:22,262 hii ndiyo hesabu ya kesi ambazo ni inajulikana. 364 00:14:22,262 --> 00:14:23,970 Idadi ya wanafunzi kuwa ni kushiriki? 365 00:14:23,970 --> 00:14:25,290 Ni pia inatofautiana. 366 00:14:25,290 --> 00:14:27,930 Kwa kawaida, mwaka jana kwa Mathalani, wanafunzi 29 katika Harvard 367 00:14:27,930 --> 00:14:29,740 walikuwa Ad alipanda, hivyo kusema. 368 00:14:29,740 --> 00:14:32,670 29 kati yao sasa wanafunzi, wawili kati yao kabla ya wanafunzi, 369 00:14:32,670 --> 00:14:35,610 ambao walikuwa kushirikiana katika baadhi ya njia kiovu. 370 00:14:35,610 --> 00:14:38,400 Na kisha katika suala la asilimia, ni kawaida kuhusu 3% 371 00:14:38,400 --> 00:14:41,360 ya darasa kwamba, kwa bahati mbaya, hufanya aina hii ya maamuzi. 372 00:14:41,360 --> 00:14:44,470 >> Kwa hiyo, mwaka jana ilikuwa 3.5% ya CS50 mwanafunzi mwili 373 00:14:44,470 --> 00:14:46,820 hiyo ilikuwa Ad alipanda, hivyo kusema. 374 00:14:46,820 --> 00:14:48,490 >> Hivyo, ni nini yote haya ni nini? 375 00:14:48,490 --> 00:14:49,660 Na je, sisi kwa kweli kufanya? 376 00:14:49,660 --> 00:14:52,930 >> Kwa hiyo, kwa kutoa taarifa kamili, sisi kabisa, kama wanasayansi wa kompyuta, 377 00:14:52,930 --> 00:14:57,620 na zana programu tulizonazo na ni rahisi sana kwa ajili yetu, katika haki, 378 00:14:57,620 --> 00:15:00,980 wanafunzi wenzao kwamba wengine ambao si kuvuka mistari haya kuvuka kulinganisha 379 00:15:00,980 --> 00:15:04,570 kila kuwasilisha mwaka huu dhidi ya kila kuwasilisha kwa kipindi cha miaka nane. 380 00:15:04,570 --> 00:15:05,445 Programu gani hii. 381 00:15:05,445 --> 00:15:07,440 Na hatimaye ni macho ya binadamu kwamba kuamua 382 00:15:07,440 --> 00:15:11,410 iwapo au kwa kutaja baadhi jambo kwa hukumu zaidi, 383 00:15:11,410 --> 00:15:12,737 lakini kwa hakika programu inasaidia. 384 00:15:12,737 --> 00:15:15,820 Na hii, kusema ukweli, ni kwa nini nadhani tuna idadi kubwa kama hiyo katika CS50. 385 00:15:15,820 --> 00:15:18,540 Siyo kwa sababu CS50 wanafunzi au CS wanafunzi zaidi 386 00:15:18,540 --> 00:15:20,840 ujumla ni yoyote chini waaminifu kuliko wanafunzi nyingine yoyote, 387 00:15:20,840 --> 00:15:22,340 ni tu tuna zana na mbinu 388 00:15:22,340 --> 00:15:24,095 na ambayo kuchukua pasi hii kwanza. 389 00:15:24,095 --> 00:15:25,960 >> Lakini tunafanya kushika jicho juu ya mambo yote haya 390 00:15:25,960 --> 00:15:30,340 pia, tena, kwa maslahi ya kutambua kazi hiyo kuwa kuweka 391 00:15:30,340 --> 00:15:32,397 katika na wengi super ya darasa. 392 00:15:32,397 --> 00:15:34,230 Na sera kozi juu ya uaminifu wa kitaaluma, 393 00:15:34,230 --> 00:15:37,021 hata kama ni kundi la aya muda mrefu pamoja na kundi la risasi 394 00:15:37,021 --> 00:15:40,490 ambazo ni matumaini someka kabisa, ni kweli haina jipu kuwa na busara chini. 395 00:15:40,490 --> 00:15:44,000 Na utawala bora wa thumb kwamba sisi kutoa up ndani ya mtaala 396 00:15:44,000 --> 00:15:46,020 ni hii, kiini ya kazi yote ambayo 397 00:15:46,020 --> 00:15:47,850 kuwasilisha kwa kozi hii lazima yako mwenyewe. 398 00:15:47,850 --> 00:15:51,510 Na hakika, katika karibu wote wa wale kesi inajulikana kwa hatua za kinidhamu 399 00:15:51,510 --> 00:15:55,640 ni kwa sababu ya baadhi mwanafunzi marehemu moja usiku kwa kawaida akageuka kificho yake 400 00:15:55,640 --> 00:15:58,130 zaidi ya wazi kwa mwanafunzi mwenzake, ambaye wakati huo iliyopitishwa ni 401 00:15:58,130 --> 00:16:00,840 katika ukamilifu wake au kiasi kikubwa yake. 402 00:16:00,840 --> 00:16:02,680 >> Lakini kwa kweli, hii ni sawa. 403 00:16:02,680 --> 00:16:04,684 Na hakika, katika ofisi masaa, vipande vya karatasi 404 00:16:04,684 --> 00:16:07,850 tumekuwa mitupu kama alikuja na ofisi masaa wiki iliyopita moyo sana. 405 00:16:07,850 --> 00:16:09,710 Wewe ni kabisa kukaribishwa na moyo 406 00:16:09,710 --> 00:16:12,340 kujadili seti tatizo na wanafunzi. 407 00:16:12,340 --> 00:16:14,461 Kusaidiana wakati kikwazo. 408 00:16:14,461 --> 00:16:17,710 Lakini kwa ujumla utawala wa kidole gumba lazima kuwa hii, "wakati wewe ni kuomba msaada, 409 00:16:17,710 --> 00:16:20,412 wenu aonyeshe kanuni yako kwa wengine, lakini unaweza kuona wao. " 410 00:16:20,412 --> 00:16:22,620 Hivyo, kwa maneno mengine, kama mimi nina zinakabiliwa na baadhi ya kuweka P 411 00:16:22,620 --> 00:16:25,290 na mimi nina wamekaa katika dining ukumbi, au katika maktaba, 412 00:16:25,290 --> 00:16:28,470 au darasani kujaribu kupata baadhi kosa, 413 00:16:28,470 --> 00:16:30,340 Mimi hakika wanaweza kuonyesha kanuni yangu juu ya screen yangu 414 00:16:30,340 --> 00:16:32,590 kwa mtu ameketi karibu kwangu, kwa hakika wafanyakazi, 415 00:16:32,590 --> 00:16:33,600 lakini pia classmate. 416 00:16:33,600 --> 00:16:36,580 Lakini kama ufumbuzi kwamba classmate wangu inatoa ni, loo, 417 00:16:36,580 --> 00:16:39,200 hapa tu kuangalia nini Mimi, kwamba misalaba mstari. 418 00:16:39,200 --> 00:16:43,120 >> Na napenda kuthubutu kusema kwamba kwa ujumla Jambo busara kwa watu wengi 419 00:16:43,120 --> 00:16:45,030 kwa urahisi sana doa mstari wa. 420 00:16:45,030 --> 00:16:47,195 Na hivyo, ona mtaala kwa undani zaidi. 421 00:16:47,195 --> 00:16:49,070 Na sasa ni moja ya zaidi masuala yenye utata 422 00:16:49,070 --> 00:16:52,529 ya CS50 mtaala kwamba mimi nilifikiri ingekuwa kuzungumza na katika hitimisho hapa 423 00:16:52,529 --> 00:16:53,820 ni kinachojulikana kujuta kifungu. 424 00:16:53,820 --> 00:16:55,340 Kwa hiyo, hapa ni yote magazeti faini. 425 00:16:55,340 --> 00:16:58,090 Lakini kwa ujumla tumeona zaidi ya miaka 8 iliyopita pamoja na 426 00:16:58,090 --> 00:17:01,510 kwamba, kwa hakika, karibu wote wa CS50 kesi ya udanganyifu wa kitaaluma 427 00:17:01,510 --> 00:17:04,390 wamekuwa matokeo ya maskini tu maamuzi usiku sana. 428 00:17:04,390 --> 00:17:07,144 Matokeo ya dhiki, matokeo ya ukosefu wa kula, ukosefu wa usingizi, 429 00:17:07,144 --> 00:17:09,560 P seti wengi mno, wengi mno muda uliopangwa, ahadi mengi mno. 430 00:17:09,560 --> 00:17:13,520 Mkazo kujijenga katika 2:00, 3:00 AM, 4:00, na tarehe ya mwisho kufurukuta. 431 00:17:13,520 --> 00:17:17,020 Wanafunzi wengi katika kesi hizi have just alifanya maamuzi mabaya 432 00:17:17,020 --> 00:17:20,619 ili wapate vizuri sana majuto asubuhi iliyofuata kama sio dakika baadaye, 433 00:17:20,619 --> 00:17:25,490 lakini hadi mwaka jana kulikuwa hakuna kutolewa valve kwamba wanafunzi hawa hawakuweza 434 00:17:25,490 --> 00:17:29,140 kweli kufungua kwa kweli kushughulikia Tatizo kichwa juu ya bila hofu ya kuwa 435 00:17:29,140 --> 00:17:30,850 booted kutoka chuo kabisa. 436 00:17:30,850 --> 00:17:33,260 >> Na kwa kweli, sisi ilianzisha kifungu hiki majuto mwaka jana, 437 00:17:33,260 --> 00:17:35,970 ambayo inasema kwamba ikiwa ndani ya Masaa 72, siku tatu, 438 00:17:35,970 --> 00:17:37,970 ya kuvuka mstari baadhi ilivyoagizwa katika mtaala 439 00:17:37,970 --> 00:17:41,178 wewe kuja mbele kwa moja bila shaka ya vichwa na tutaweza kuwa na mazungumzo kuhusu suala hilo. 440 00:17:41,178 --> 00:17:43,720 Bado kuna kuwa baadhi ya matokeo, kinyume na nini 441 00:17:43,720 --> 00:17:44,990 imeripotiwa kinyume. 442 00:17:44,990 --> 00:17:49,190 Bado kuna baadhi ya matokeo kuwa ni actionable na shaka, 443 00:17:49,190 --> 00:17:51,611 ujumla zeroing P seti au kuchukua baadhi ya hatua nyingine, 444 00:17:51,611 --> 00:17:53,610 lakini sisi, kwa hakika, kushughulikia hilo wenyewe na si 445 00:17:53,610 --> 00:17:58,460 lirudisheni juu walikuwa matokeo inaweza kuwa kali zaidi. 446 00:17:58,460 --> 00:18:01,810 Na kwa kweli, kushiriki kile kilichotokea mwaka jana, katika kipindi cha miaka nane, na sasa 447 00:18:01,810 --> 00:18:04,950 miaka tisa, ya kufundisha kozi hii na baada ya kuchezea knobs mbalimbali, 448 00:18:04,950 --> 00:18:07,866 kugeuka dials mbalimbali katika kipindi cha miaka kadhaa juu ya uaminifu wa kitaaluma, 449 00:18:07,866 --> 00:18:11,920 na kuona kwa data hakuna dhahiri athari, hata ya hotuba kama hii, 450 00:18:11,920 --> 00:18:15,490 hii ilikuwa mikono chini Jambo bora tumekuwa kuletwa pedagogically 451 00:18:15,490 --> 00:18:18,090 Miaka nane katika pamoja mistari haya katika CS50. 452 00:18:18,090 --> 00:18:21,010 >> 19 ya wanafunzi walijitokeza chini ya kifungu hiki mwaka jana. 453 00:18:21,010 --> 00:18:23,389 Sisi alichukua hatua yoyote kwa saba ya wanafunzi hizo, 454 00:18:23,389 --> 00:18:25,430 kuamua kwamba walikuwa usiokuwa na wasiwasi. 455 00:18:25,430 --> 00:18:27,304 Walikuwa na si, kwa kweli, walivuka line, lakini 456 00:18:27,304 --> 00:18:28,960 Ilikuwa mazungumzo vizuri kuwa hata hivyo. 457 00:18:28,960 --> 00:18:31,190 Sisi alizungumzia zaidi hali ilivyo 11 ya alama kwamba walikuwa kuwasilishwa. 458 00:18:31,190 --> 00:18:33,840 Na katika kesi moja sisi aliuliza mwanafunzi wa kufanya kuweka tatizo. 459 00:18:33,840 --> 00:18:36,370 Lakini zaidi ya kulazimisha, uaminifu, na haya mazungumzo 19, 460 00:18:36,370 --> 00:18:39,020 ambayo ilikuwa ni njia zaidi kuliko mimi unatarajiwa kuwa na, kila mmoja wao 461 00:18:39,020 --> 00:18:41,370 Dakika 10 hadi labda saa kwa muda mrefu, pia kuletwa 462 00:18:41,370 --> 00:18:44,920 kuwasha idadi ya masuala kuhusu masuala ya kifamilia, masuala rafiki, 463 00:18:44,920 --> 00:18:46,940 masuala ya afya ya akili kwamba sisi kisha kushiriki, 464 00:18:46,940 --> 00:18:50,200 kwa mwanafunzi baraka, mkazi Mkuu, au marafiki, au idadi yoyote nyingine 465 00:18:50,200 --> 00:18:51,450 ya rasilimali msaada. 466 00:18:51,450 --> 00:18:54,454 Hivyo kwamba hii ilikuwa ni kwa mbali moja ya matumizi bora ya muda wetu 467 00:18:54,454 --> 00:18:55,870 na moja ya mikakati bora. 468 00:18:55,870 --> 00:18:58,870 >> Kwa kuwa alisema, hakuwa na maoni juu ya kiwango cha kugundua 469 00:18:58,870 --> 00:19:00,909 ya udanganyifu wa kitaaluma zaidi kwa ujumla. 470 00:19:00,909 --> 00:19:02,950 Na mimi kuthubutu kusema, subset hii ya wanafunzi mwaka jana 471 00:19:02,950 --> 00:19:06,350 Ilikuwa idadi ya watu kwamba sisi awali kamwe kutambuliwa kabla 472 00:19:06,350 --> 00:19:08,140 na alikuwa na kamwe kushikamana na kabla. 473 00:19:08,140 --> 00:19:10,020 Na hivyo, hawa ndio mafanikio ya ajabu hadithi 474 00:19:10,020 --> 00:19:13,390 ingawa wao walikuwa kuletwa na mwanga katika chini ya mazingira mojawapo. 475 00:19:13,390 --> 00:19:15,640 Hivyo, kuweka hii katika akili kama wewe kufanya, pengine, 476 00:19:15,640 --> 00:19:17,390 baadhi ya uamuzi maskini mwenyewe mwishoni mwa usiku, 477 00:19:17,390 --> 00:19:20,151 kuwa kuna kukimbilia kwa muda mrefu kama mwanafunzi katika hali hiyo 478 00:19:20,151 --> 00:19:23,400 kumiliki up na kuja mbele ili tuweze na aina hiyo ya mazungumzo na kukabiliana nayo 479 00:19:23,400 --> 00:19:27,310 katika njia hiyo ni elimu, na kisha tunaweza kuiweka nyuma yetu kesho yake. 480 00:19:27,310 --> 00:19:30,335 >> Hivyo bila wasiwasi zaidi, kuchukua makali mbali ya mazungumzo hayo, 481 00:19:30,335 --> 00:19:35,080 sababu puppies ni hadi ipo tu kuvunja barafu kwa muda. 482 00:19:35,080 --> 00:19:39,560 Na kwa bahati mbaya, wao uko wote kulala, lakini kile ilitakiwa kutokea hapa 483 00:19:39,560 --> 00:19:41,760 ilikuwa kila mtu ilitakiwa kwa hofu na aina ya kupumzika 484 00:19:41,760 --> 00:19:43,910 baada ya mazungumzo hayo mazito sana. 485 00:19:43,910 --> 00:19:46,930 Lakini inaonekana mimi kuweka puppies kulala. 486 00:19:46,930 --> 00:19:50,070 Lakini kama wewe kwenda CS50 tovuti kufyeka puppies, 487 00:19:50,070 --> 00:19:51,610 unaweza kuangalia yao mchana kutwa. 488 00:19:51,610 --> 00:19:55,280 Hasa labda 2:00, au 3:00, au 4:00 usiku 489 00:19:55,280 --> 00:19:57,480 kuona kidogo msamaha wa dhiki huko. 490 00:19:57,480 --> 00:19:58,805 Hivyo kwamba ni kufyeka puppies. 491 00:19:58,805 --> 00:20:01,700 492 00:20:01,700 --> 00:20:02,200 Sawa. 493 00:20:02,200 --> 00:20:03,020 Sio kwamba furaha? 494 00:20:03,020 --> 00:20:04,200 SAWA. 495 00:20:04,200 --> 00:20:07,140 Hivyo, nyuma ya baadhi ya kompyuta sayansi, kama wanaweza. 496 00:20:07,140 --> 00:20:10,600 >> Hivyo, kukumbuka wakati huo jana tulianza kuangalia si tu kwa kuu, ambayo 497 00:20:10,600 --> 00:20:13,930 Ilikuwa kazi ya msingi, wakati kijani bendera clicked sawa, 498 00:20:13,930 --> 00:20:16,999 lakini sisi pia kuanza kwa ufupi kuandika baadhi ya kazi zetu wenyewe. 499 00:20:16,999 --> 00:20:20,040 Na hivi sasa hakuna hata mmoja kazi hizi wamekuwa hasa kubwa au meaty. 500 00:20:20,040 --> 00:20:24,570 Itabidi kupata katika wale kubwa kazi pengine, P kuweka 2, P kuweka 3, 501 00:20:24,570 --> 00:20:26,410 dhahiri P kuweka 4 na kuendelea. 502 00:20:26,410 --> 00:20:29,340 Hivi sasa zaidi ya mipango yako, kama si wote, kwa hakika kwa P 503 00:20:29,340 --> 00:20:31,550 seti 1 kifanyike kabisa katika kuu. 504 00:20:31,550 --> 00:20:33,810 Kama mpango wako tu mistari mitano, mistari 10, 505 00:20:33,810 --> 00:20:37,070 hata 20 mistari ya muda mrefu, kikamilifu busara kuandika 506 00:20:37,070 --> 00:20:40,930 wote katika kuu na si kwa zaidi magumu kanuni yako, lakini nini sisi ni kufanya leo 507 00:20:40,930 --> 00:20:44,360 na kuendelea ni kujaribu pia kuanzisha baadhi kubuni mbinu nzuri 508 00:20:44,360 --> 00:20:48,660 ili kama kanuni yako anapata zaidi ngumu na matatizo kama 509 00:20:48,660 --> 00:20:51,690 unataka kutatua kupata vigumu na zaidi ya kuvutia una, aina ya, 510 00:20:51,690 --> 00:20:55,850 zana katika sanduku la vifaa yako na ambayo kubuni ufumbuzi mema wale. 511 00:20:55,850 --> 00:21:01,210 >> Hivyo, hebu tuangalie kwa haraka nyuma katika mpango huu kutoka wiki yangu ya mwisho, ambayo 512 00:21:01,210 --> 00:21:06,550 Ilikuwa kazi zero nukta C. Na taarifa kwamba, kwa urahisi kabisa, 513 00:21:06,550 --> 00:21:10,310 inaonekana kama hii na mbili kazi, kuu na jina magazeti. 514 00:21:10,310 --> 00:21:13,160 Na kufikiri nyuma au labda kubadili uhandisi leo, 515 00:21:13,160 --> 00:21:16,880 nini ilikuwa motisha kwa kuanzisha kazi katika mstari 28 walioitwa, 516 00:21:16,880 --> 00:21:18,180 magazeti jina? 517 00:21:18,180 --> 00:21:21,745 Au nini ilikuwa hii mfano wa katika suala la kanuni au takeaway, 518 00:21:21,745 --> 00:21:22,605 kama wewe ingekuwa. 519 00:21:22,605 --> 00:21:26,560 520 00:21:26,560 --> 00:21:27,300 Baadhi murmurs. 521 00:21:27,300 --> 00:21:28,830 Nini? 522 00:21:28,830 --> 00:21:32,210 >> Yeah hivyo Kazi mtengano ni aina ya njia dhana ya kusema, 523 00:21:32,210 --> 00:21:34,690 kuoza mpango wako katika sehemu yake Constituent 524 00:21:34,690 --> 00:21:37,530 na kisha kutumia sehemu hizo kukusanyika nzima. 525 00:21:37,530 --> 00:21:39,620 Hivyo, kwamba pia ni tu aina ya Mouthful tayari, 526 00:21:39,620 --> 00:21:42,050 lakini hii ni pengine hata bora mfano wa kitu 527 00:21:42,050 --> 00:21:43,081 tu kuitwa uchukuaji. 528 00:21:43,081 --> 00:21:43,580 Sawa? 529 00:21:43,580 --> 00:21:46,950 Uchukuaji ni kwenda kuwa moja ya mandhari ya mara kwa mara katika CS50 530 00:21:46,950 --> 00:21:49,085 na pia sayansi ya kompyuta kwa ujumla zaidi kwa vile ni 531 00:21:49,085 --> 00:21:53,060 mbinu ambazo unaweza kutatua matatizo kwa ufanisi zaidi kwa sababu wewe 532 00:21:53,060 --> 00:21:56,807 Unaweza kuandika ufumbuzi zaidi shirikishi na kwa njia hiyo mizani 533 00:21:56,807 --> 00:21:58,390 na inaeleweka na watu wengine. 534 00:21:58,390 --> 00:21:59,860 Je, ina maana na kwamba? 535 00:21:59,860 --> 00:22:04,340 >> Hivyo, arguably ni zaidi someka kuangalia mpango kama hii, 536 00:22:04,340 --> 00:22:05,990 super short ingawa ni. 537 00:22:05,990 --> 00:22:10,050 Baada ya kuona kwenye mstari 22 kwamba kuna kazi kuitwa, jina magazeti. 538 00:22:10,050 --> 00:22:12,620 Kwamba jina peke yake anasema kile yake. 539 00:22:12,620 --> 00:22:15,780 Kazi ambayo inaonekana inachukua pembejeo kati ya mabano yake, 540 00:22:15,780 --> 00:22:18,600 na inaonekana hana kitu, labda Prints jina. 541 00:22:18,600 --> 00:22:20,880 Na hivyo, hata kama sisi kabisa inaweza kuwa na 542 00:22:20,880 --> 00:22:25,280 amefanya nini tulifanya wiki iliyopita, ambayo ilikuwa tu kuchukua mstari huu halisi ya kificho, 543 00:22:25,280 --> 00:22:28,710 kujikwamua hii, na kupata kuondoa hii yote kwa pamoja, 544 00:22:28,710 --> 00:22:31,436 sisi aina ya yanayotumika mbali dhana ya uchapishaji jina. 545 00:22:31,436 --> 00:22:33,060 Sijali kama unatumia magazeti def. 546 00:22:33,060 --> 00:22:35,601 Sijali kama una asilimia S na backslash N. Hizi 547 00:22:35,601 --> 00:22:37,270 ni maelezo incredibly arcane. 548 00:22:37,270 --> 00:22:40,090 What I kufanya huduma kuhusu kama programu ni kuchapisha jina. 549 00:22:40,090 --> 00:22:43,414 Na hivyo, ni njia bora ya kufanya hivyo kuliko kwa kupiga kazi, jina magazeti? 550 00:22:43,414 --> 00:22:46,330 Na hivyo, kwamba alikuwa mmoja wa motisha kwa ajili ya kufanya kitu kama hiki. 551 00:22:46,330 --> 00:22:50,370 Maamuzi kificho someka zaidi, zaidi reusable, na pia ubinafsi maelezo. 552 00:22:50,370 --> 00:22:52,120 Sasa, hebu tuangalie mfano mwingine, 553 00:22:52,120 --> 00:22:56,220 ambayo ilikuwa kazi moja, ambayo tulikuwa na zaidi ya hapa. 554 00:22:56,220 --> 00:23:00,367 >> Kwa hiyo, hii ni moja ya pengine hata zaidi kulazimisha kwa sababu, katika kesi hii, 555 00:23:00,367 --> 00:23:01,700 Sitaki kupata tu int. 556 00:23:01,700 --> 00:23:03,320 Nataka kupata chanya int. 557 00:23:03,320 --> 00:23:06,470 Na zinageuka kupata chanya int una kufanya rundo la legwork. 558 00:23:06,470 --> 00:23:06,969 Sawa? 559 00:23:06,969 --> 00:23:09,600 Siyo rahisi mstari mmoja piga kama jina magazeti mara, 560 00:23:09,600 --> 00:23:11,480 ambayo ni admittedly chini kulazimisha. 561 00:23:11,480 --> 00:23:16,000 >> Kupata chanya int, logically-- basi mimi kitabu nyuma chini ya kuficha hii. 562 00:23:16,000 --> 00:23:18,887 Je, una nini? 563 00:23:18,887 --> 00:23:20,720 Kama zana zote sisi na wakati ni 564 00:23:20,720 --> 00:23:24,440 mambo kama magazeti def kutoka darasa la Maktaba na pia kutoka maktaba CS50 565 00:23:24,440 --> 00:23:26,990 tuna Kupata Int, na Kupata Float, Kupata muda muda mrefu, kupata Kamba, 566 00:23:26,990 --> 00:23:29,260 lakini moja tu, Germane, sasa hivi ni Kupata Int. 567 00:23:29,260 --> 00:23:32,970 Hivyo, kama chombo tu una katika chombo sanduku yako ni Kupata Int, 568 00:23:32,970 --> 00:23:35,505 jinsi gani sisi kwenda juu ya utekelezaji hivyo ili kupata chanya int? 569 00:23:35,505 --> 00:23:35,929 >> Watazamaji: Kujenga logi na kuangalia iwapo pembejeo kwamba walitoa 570 00:23:35,929 --> 00:23:36,762 ilikuwa chanya au la. 571 00:23:36,762 --> 00:23:39,390 572 00:23:39,390 --> 00:23:40,640 >> SPIKA 1: Perfect. 573 00:23:40,640 --> 00:23:41,200 Hasa. 574 00:23:41,200 --> 00:23:43,950 Chombo mwingine tuna katika yetu sanduku la vifaa kutoka wiki moja au mbili zilizopita 575 00:23:43,950 --> 00:23:45,419 ni tu looping kujenga. 576 00:23:45,419 --> 00:23:48,210 Na hivyo, yeah, kama sisi kutumia wakati kitanzi, au kufanya wakati kitanzi, au mbele 577 00:23:48,210 --> 00:23:50,850 kitanzi tunaweza pengine kupata mbali na yeyote kati ya wale kwa namna fulani. 578 00:23:50,850 --> 00:23:55,140 Tunaweza kutekeleza dhana ya kupata chanya int na tu kwa kutumia Kupata Int, 579 00:23:55,140 --> 00:23:57,830 na kisha tu kuendelea na kuiita tena na kuweka kuwalazimisha mtumiaji 580 00:23:57,830 --> 00:24:00,320 mpaka yeye au yeye kweli inatupa nini tunataka. 581 00:24:00,320 --> 00:24:03,260 >> Na hivyo sasa, hii uchukuaji wa mchakato 582 00:24:03,260 --> 00:24:05,680 ya kupata chanya int ndani ya kazi kuitwa 583 00:24:05,680 --> 00:24:08,930 Kupata chanya Int ni kidogo zaidi kulazimisha kwa sababu kuangalia hii. 584 00:24:08,930 --> 00:24:10,990 Hizi ni kama 10 pamoja mstari wa kanuni kwamba 585 00:24:10,990 --> 00:24:15,090 wanashiriki katika kupata chanya int, na mimi si kweli huduma jinsi ya kufanya hivyo. 586 00:24:15,090 --> 00:24:17,850 Wote mimi huduma ni kwamba unaweza kufanya hivyo, na hivyo nimekuwa 587 00:24:17,850 --> 00:24:21,660 siri maelezo haya yote nyuma kazi kuitwa Kupata chanya int kwamba, 588 00:24:21,660 --> 00:24:23,430 kwa kweli, ina kufanya hii kitanzi wakati. 589 00:24:23,430 --> 00:24:27,660 >> Na kuona wiki iliyopita kwa syntax huko, lakini ni tu anatangaza N, 590 00:24:27,660 --> 00:24:29,800 na Prints nje maelekezo kwa mtumiaji. 591 00:24:29,800 --> 00:24:33,330 Ni wito Kupata Int na kisha ni hundi hali hii tena, na tena, 592 00:24:33,330 --> 00:24:35,230 na tena mpaka user inashirikiana. 593 00:24:35,230 --> 00:24:38,000 >> Hivyo sasa, hundi chache akili timamu. 594 00:24:38,000 --> 00:24:40,370 Kwa wale labda ukoo pamoja na baadhi ya programu, 595 00:24:40,370 --> 00:24:46,410 nini N alitangaza, kwa nini mimi kujenga N nje ya kufanya wakati kitanzi? 596 00:24:46,410 --> 00:24:50,370 Kwa nini ni juu ya mstari 29 na si juu ya kama 33, kwa mfano. 597 00:24:50,370 --> 00:24:53,529 >> Watazamaji: Kwa sababu wakati wewe kuyatangaza nje, ni aina 598 00:24:53,529 --> 00:24:56,688 ya zaidi, scope-- kubwa 599 00:24:56,688 --> 00:24:58,146 >> SPIKA 1: Good. 600 00:24:58,146 --> 00:24:59,604 >> Watazamaji: --and kama wewe kutangaza ndani kitanzi, [inaudible] 601 00:24:59,604 --> 00:25:00,979 kwa sababu haina kujua kuhusu hilo. 602 00:25:00,979 --> 00:25:02,819 603 00:25:02,819 --> 00:25:03,610 SPIKA 1: Hasa. 604 00:25:03,610 --> 00:25:06,330 Kama naweza simplify-- ni suala la wigo. 605 00:25:06,330 --> 00:25:11,530 Na wigo inahusu mazingira katika ambayo ipo kutofautiana au inatumika. 606 00:25:11,530 --> 00:25:15,050 Na utawala mzuri wa thumb hapa ni kwamba ujumla wakati wewe kutangaza au kuunda 607 00:25:15,050 --> 00:25:21,642 kutofautiana unaweza tu kuitumia ndani ya rafiki wa karibu kumuunga braces curly. 608 00:25:21,642 --> 00:25:22,600 Hivyo nini maana gani? 609 00:25:22,600 --> 00:25:26,551 Kama mimi, badala yake, kutengua hii na kwenda na kitu ambacho anahisi kidogo rahisi. 610 00:25:26,551 --> 00:25:27,050 Sawa? 611 00:25:27,050 --> 00:25:29,360 >> Mstari 32 tu inaonekana safi na mimi sasa. 612 00:25:29,360 --> 00:25:31,500 Mimi nina kufanya mambo yote kwa mara moja na kisha kumshirikisha 613 00:25:31,500 --> 00:25:33,070 mkono wa kulia kwa mkono wa kushoto. 614 00:25:33,070 --> 00:25:35,180 Tatizo sasa kulingana na kwamba ufafanuzi wa wigo 615 00:25:35,180 --> 00:25:41,130 ni kwamba N inaweza kutumika katika mistari 31 na 32 ndani ya kitanzi hii, 616 00:25:41,130 --> 00:25:45,100 lakini ambapo na kwamba ufafanuzi unaweza kuwa si kutumika? 617 00:25:45,100 --> 00:25:45,660 Katika mstari gani? 618 00:25:45,660 --> 00:25:46,160 Naam. 619 00:25:46,160 --> 00:25:47,490 >> Watazamaji: 35. 620 00:25:47,490 --> 00:25:49,180 >> SPIKA 1: 35. 621 00:25:49,180 --> 00:25:50,480 Dhahiri si 35. 622 00:25:50,480 --> 00:25:52,349 Na pia mahali pengine ambapo? 623 00:25:52,349 --> 00:25:52,890 Watazamaji: 34. 624 00:25:52,890 --> 00:25:55,040 SPIKA 1: Hata 34 ni tatizo kwa sababu ni 625 00:25:55,040 --> 00:25:56,450 nje ya braces curly. 626 00:25:56,450 --> 00:25:58,200 Na hivyo kwa kweli, hebu angalia nini kinatokea. 627 00:25:58,200 --> 00:25:58,700 Sawa? 628 00:25:58,700 --> 00:26:00,722 Hii inaweza kuonekana kidogo Intuitive au wanaweza, 629 00:26:00,722 --> 00:26:02,680 lakini hebu angalia nini compiler ina kusema wakati 630 00:26:02,680 --> 00:26:04,730 sisi kwenda katika chanzo saraka ya leo. 631 00:26:04,730 --> 00:26:08,950 Kufanya kazi moja. 632 00:26:08,950 --> 00:26:11,231 Mungu wangu. 633 00:26:11,231 --> 00:26:12,980 Naam, mimi hatimaye kumaliza kwamba, kwa njia. 634 00:26:12,980 --> 00:26:14,030 Sawa. 635 00:26:14,030 --> 00:26:15,510 Na nini suala hapa? 636 00:26:15,510 --> 00:26:17,430 Arcane sana kuangalia. 637 00:26:17,430 --> 00:26:19,570 Lakini hapa ni nini mimi typed-- kufanya kazi moja. 638 00:26:19,570 --> 00:26:21,640 Hapa ni nini kufanya ikiwa, ambayo ni kweli 639 00:26:21,640 --> 00:26:23,705 kutumia compiler Clang na baadhi ya bendera wale 640 00:26:23,705 --> 00:26:25,080 kwamba tutaweza kuona tena kabla ya muda mrefu. 641 00:26:25,080 --> 00:26:26,829 Na tena, daima kuangalia katika makosa ya kwanza, 642 00:26:26,829 --> 00:26:30,540 sababu inaweza tu kuwa kuachia maana athari kwenye mistari mingine. 643 00:26:30,540 --> 00:26:34,410 >> Kwa hiyo kile maana ya hii ni kwamba Tatizo ni katika kazi 1.c 644 00:26:34,410 --> 00:26:36,890 Ni juu ya mstari 32. 645 00:26:36,890 --> 00:26:39,712 Na ni katika safu, au tabia, 13. 646 00:26:39,712 --> 00:26:42,670 Hivyo wakati mhariri wako wa maandishi ambayo yanaweza kukusaidia kutambua ambapo suala hilo ni. 647 00:26:42,670 --> 00:26:47,079 Hivyo kama mimi kitabu juu, ni mstari 32 nini? 648 00:26:47,079 --> 00:26:49,120 Hiyo ni kweli hii moja ambayo tayari yalionyesha 649 00:26:49,120 --> 00:26:50,607 haki here-- outnyttjade kutofautiana n. 650 00:26:50,607 --> 00:26:51,440 Lakini siyo outnyttjade. 651 00:26:51,440 --> 00:26:52,320 Mimi nina kutumia hiyo. 652 00:26:52,320 --> 00:26:56,110 Lakini compiler ya kuchanganyikiwa, kwa sababu ni tu ipo ndani ya wigo huu. 653 00:26:56,110 --> 00:26:57,727 Na hivyo siwezi matumizi yake hapa. 654 00:26:57,727 --> 00:26:58,560 Siwezi kuitumia hapa. 655 00:26:58,560 --> 00:27:01,320 Na mkusanyaji, kwa hiyo, haina hata huduma ya kwamba mimi nina kujaribu. 656 00:27:01,320 --> 00:27:03,940 Inaonekana kuwa outnyttjade ndani ya wigo wake halisi. 657 00:27:03,940 --> 00:27:08,854 >> Ili tuweze kupanua wigo kwa kufanya nini hasa sisi ilianza with-- int n. 658 00:27:08,854 --> 00:27:11,020 Na hata kama hana kuangalia kama kifahari, pengine, 659 00:27:11,020 --> 00:27:15,110 na sisi ni kuchukua mstari wa ziada hapa, sasa ni katika wigo kila mahali. 660 00:27:15,110 --> 00:27:15,970 Basi hebu jaribu tena. 661 00:27:15,970 --> 00:27:19,040 Hivyo kufanya kazi moja. 662 00:27:19,040 --> 00:27:19,610 Nzuri. 663 00:27:19,610 --> 00:27:23,370 Na sasa kama mimi kama mimi kukimbia kazi moja, hebu kuwapa hasi 10, 664 00:27:23,370 --> 00:27:27,170 hasi 1, 0, 1, na ni kweli kazi. 665 00:27:27,170 --> 00:27:28,610 >> Hivyo kuna ufumbuzi mwingine hapa. 666 00:27:28,610 --> 00:27:29,280 Unajua nini? 667 00:27:29,280 --> 00:27:31,230 Nini kama mimi kwa kweli ni kumenyana na hili? 668 00:27:31,230 --> 00:27:33,140 Sijui ambapo n walidhani kwenda. 669 00:27:33,140 --> 00:27:33,723 Unajua nini? 670 00:27:33,723 --> 00:27:39,220 Mimi tu kwenda kuweka yote njia juu ya faili yangu hapa. 671 00:27:39,220 --> 00:27:42,835 Nini huyu je, unadhani? 672 00:27:42,835 --> 00:27:43,335 Yeah? 673 00:27:43,335 --> 00:27:44,251 >> Watazamaji: [inaudible]. 674 00:27:44,251 --> 00:27:47,964 675 00:27:47,964 --> 00:27:48,630 SPIKA 1: Naam. 676 00:27:48,630 --> 00:27:50,560 Hivyo nimekuwa alifanya hivyo kimataifa, hivyo kusema. 677 00:27:50,560 --> 00:27:54,430 Kama una kutofautiana hiyo ni nje yote ya kazi yako kwamba ni kuruhusiwa, 678 00:27:54,430 --> 00:27:58,780 na kanuni lazima kukusanya, na n sasa kuwa kupatikana siyo tu katika kupata 679 00:27:58,780 --> 00:28:02,490 chanya int, lakini pia katika main-- ambayo ni inatia mashaka kidogo kwa sababu kuna 680 00:28:02,490 --> 00:28:04,864 Tayari n katika kuu, hivyo zaidi juu ya kwamba katika tu moment-- 681 00:28:04,864 --> 00:28:06,530 lakini hii itakuwa kuchukuliwa kubuni mbaya. 682 00:28:06,530 --> 00:28:06,910 Sawa. 683 00:28:06,910 --> 00:28:08,570 Kama una mapumziko kwa kitu kama, loo, mimi itabidi 684 00:28:08,570 --> 00:28:10,125 tu ya kuweka it up hapa kwa sababu kificho inaonekana kukusanya 685 00:28:10,125 --> 00:28:12,180 ujumla si mazoezi bora. 686 00:28:12,180 --> 00:28:14,590 Badala unataka kuchagua wigo dogo iwezekanavyo 687 00:28:14,590 --> 00:28:18,720 kwa vigezo yako, ambayo itakuwa na maana kwenda kwa mpango wetu wa awali, ambayo 688 00:28:18,720 --> 00:28:19,920 ni haki hapa. 689 00:28:19,920 --> 00:28:24,400 >> Sasa kama kando, kama hakuwa na wana identically kwa jina kutofautiana hapa, 690 00:28:24,400 --> 00:28:27,750 njia c ingekuwa kushughulikia Haya ingawa hii si kutokea pia often-- 691 00:28:27,750 --> 00:28:30,150 ni kwamba hii ni bado kikamilifu faini katika hapa. 692 00:28:30,150 --> 00:28:35,000 Lakini ufafanuzi huu wa n sambamba 22 itakuwa kivuli moja la kimataifa. 693 00:28:35,000 --> 00:28:38,190 Hivyo hii moja kazi ndani ya kuu, na moja la kimataifa 694 00:28:38,190 --> 00:28:41,670 kwa kweli kuomba wakati uko katika kupata chanya int Lakini zaidi juu ya kwamba 695 00:28:41,670 --> 00:28:43,890 wakati mwingine, lakini tu kwa wale curious. 696 00:28:43,890 --> 00:28:45,970 >> Hivyo katika muda mfupi, sisi kurekebisha hili hapa. 697 00:28:45,970 --> 00:28:49,220 Sasa hebu tease mbali vipande wengine wawili mbele ya kuangalia moja mstari wa mwisho wa kanuni 698 00:28:49,220 --> 00:28:50,170 katika mpango huu. 699 00:28:50,170 --> 00:28:52,170 Kupata chanya int. 700 00:28:52,170 --> 00:28:54,450 Upande wa mkono wa kushoto wa neno lake ni neno int. 701 00:28:54,450 --> 00:28:56,860 Je, hiyo ni ishara unafikiri? 702 00:28:56,860 --> 00:28:58,900 Hivi sasa tumekuwa wengi wao wakiwa kuonekana batili. 703 00:28:58,900 --> 00:28:59,400 Yeah? 704 00:28:59,400 --> 00:29:01,810 >> Watazamaji: Ni aina ya kutofautiana kwamba wewe ni kuuliza kuhusu. 705 00:29:01,810 --> 00:29:04,550 >> SPIKA 1: Yeah Ni aina ya, napenda kusema kutofautiana, lakini aina ya thamani 706 00:29:04,550 --> 00:29:05,990 kwamba mimi nina kuuliza nyuma kwa. 707 00:29:05,990 --> 00:29:08,070 Na hakika, hiyo ni Intuitive hapa, hopefully. 708 00:29:08,070 --> 00:29:08,200 Sawa? 709 00:29:08,200 --> 00:29:10,250 Kama unataka kupata chanya int, ni nini wewe 710 00:29:10,250 --> 00:29:12,920 wanataka function-- kama yetu kujitolea kutoka wiki iliyopita 711 00:29:12,920 --> 00:29:15,720 mkono wewe nyuma kipande cha karatasi na int juu yake? 712 00:29:15,720 --> 00:29:19,190 Na hivyo tumekuwa maalum kwamba kinachojulikana kurudi aina ya kazi hii 713 00:29:19,190 --> 00:29:20,450 ni kupata chanya int. 714 00:29:20,450 --> 00:29:22,990 Kama hatukutaka kwa kurudi kitu chochote, unaweza kusema utupu. 715 00:29:22,990 --> 00:29:25,270 Kama unataka kurudi kamba, unasema kamba. 716 00:29:25,270 --> 00:29:27,310 Kama unataka kurudi kuelea, unasema kuelea. 717 00:29:27,310 --> 00:29:30,440 Lakini moja tu ambayo inatumika hapa kifikra, kwa sababu mimi nina kutumia kupata int, 718 00:29:30,440 --> 00:29:34,130 hata kama mimi nina kuzuia kwa maadili mazuri, ni kurudi int. 719 00:29:34,130 --> 00:29:38,380 >> Hivyo kinyume chake, ni nini maana kwamba kuna utupu katika mabano? 720 00:29:38,380 --> 00:29:40,130 Je, mabano ujumla kufafanua? 721 00:29:40,130 --> 00:29:40,588 Yeah? 722 00:29:40,588 --> 00:29:42,880 >> Watazamaji: Ina maana kazi ya si kweli kupata hiyo. 723 00:29:42,880 --> 00:29:44,650 >> SPIKA 1: Ina maana kazi ya si kweli kupata nini? 724 00:29:44,650 --> 00:29:45,430 >> Watazamaji: pembejeo. 725 00:29:45,430 --> 00:29:46,763 >> SPIKA 1: pembejeo, yo. 726 00:29:46,763 --> 00:29:49,870 Hivyo kweli, ikiwa mabano hapa bayana batili, 727 00:29:49,870 --> 00:29:51,650 kwamba tu ina maana sitaki pembejeo yoyote. 728 00:29:51,650 --> 00:29:53,269 Mimi itabidi kukabiliana na tatizo mwenyewe. 729 00:29:53,269 --> 00:29:55,810 Na hakika, wewe huna kuwaambia kupata chanya int kitu chochote. 730 00:29:55,810 --> 00:29:59,630 Wewe tu kusema, kupata chanya int, na kwamba kazi itakuwa kwenda mbali na kufanya kitu wake. 731 00:29:59,630 --> 00:30:02,970 >> Lakini kumekuwa na hila kidogo nimekuwa wamekuwa kucheza hapa wakati huu mzima 732 00:30:02,970 --> 00:30:04,970 kuhakikisha kanuni hii inaandaa. 733 00:30:04,970 --> 00:30:09,620 Taarifa kwamba int kupata chanya int void-- ni juu ya mstari 27. 734 00:30:09,620 --> 00:30:14,530 Lakini kwa sababu baadhi inaonekana weird pia ni hapa kwenye mstari 16. 735 00:30:14,530 --> 00:30:18,530 Na tu kwa hatua nzuri Nitarudia huu hivyo ni kikamilifu kufanana. 736 00:30:18,530 --> 00:30:21,640 Na nilivyosema mfano kwa kidogo moja-line maoni. 737 00:30:21,640 --> 00:30:28,850 Nini kinatokea kama mimi kufuta kwamba, Na sasa rerun kufanya kazi 1, kuingia. 738 00:30:28,850 --> 00:30:29,350 Whoops. 739 00:30:29,350 --> 00:30:32,527 740 00:30:32,527 --> 00:30:33,110 Hebu subiri kidogo. 741 00:30:33,110 --> 00:30:34,764 Wapi tabo wangu? 742 00:30:34,764 --> 00:30:35,263 Huh? 743 00:30:35,263 --> 00:30:37,969 744 00:30:37,969 --> 00:30:39,620 Kusubiri. 745 00:30:39,620 --> 00:30:41,570 Kufanya kazi 1. 746 00:30:41,570 --> 00:30:42,150 Kuna sisi kwenda. 747 00:30:42,150 --> 00:30:42,310 SAWA. 748 00:30:42,310 --> 00:30:43,400 Ulikuwa bado kuokolewa vizuri. 749 00:30:43,400 --> 00:30:45,220 Kwa hiyo, nadhani kuna kidogo mdudu hapa ambapo mimi si 750 00:30:45,220 --> 00:30:46,636 kuona jina tab kwa sasa. 751 00:30:46,636 --> 00:30:47,940 Hivyo kile kinachoendelea hapa? 752 00:30:47,940 --> 00:30:52,210 Kinachojitokeza tamko la kazi kupata chanya int ni batili katika C99. 753 00:30:52,210 --> 00:30:53,940 Hivyo kuwachanganya tena. 754 00:30:53,940 --> 00:30:55,200 Hivyo ni dalili huu wa nini? 755 00:30:55,200 --> 00:30:57,287 Naam, ni zamu nje kwamba C ni pretty kijinga. 756 00:30:57,287 --> 00:30:59,912 Naam, ni programu lugha, au tuseme compiler ni. 757 00:30:59,912 --> 00:31:02,940 Ni tu anajua nini una akawafundisha, na ni tu 758 00:31:02,940 --> 00:31:05,640 kwenda kujua kitu kama wewe kufundisha kabla. 759 00:31:05,640 --> 00:31:07,960 Kwa maneno mengine, katika kuu kwa sasa, mimi nina 760 00:31:07,960 --> 00:31:10,900 kujaribu kuwaita kazi aitwaye kupata chanya int. 761 00:31:10,900 --> 00:31:14,120 Lakini compiler si kwenda taarifa kwamba kupata chanya int 762 00:31:14,120 --> 00:31:16,500 ipo mpaka mstari 26. 763 00:31:16,500 --> 00:31:21,360 Na hivyo kile compiler gani ni makosa kwa haraka kama anapata kwa kujipanga 17, 764 00:31:21,360 --> 00:31:23,700 akisema tamko thabiti ya kupata chanya int, ambayo 765 00:31:23,700 --> 00:31:27,740 ni njia tu ya dhana ya kusema, sijui kujua nini kupata chanya int ni bado. 766 00:31:27,740 --> 00:31:31,240 >> Lugha nyingine kama Java na Chatu na Ruby ili kuangalia mbele. 767 00:31:31,240 --> 00:31:32,240 C hana. 768 00:31:32,240 --> 00:31:35,110 Na hivyo njia sisi kurekebisha hii ni moja ya njia mbili. 769 00:31:35,110 --> 00:31:40,160 Aidha moja, kama tatizo ni kwamba kupata chanya int haijawahi kuonekana kabla, 770 00:31:40,160 --> 00:31:42,150 vizuri, napenda tu hoja hiyo kwa juu. 771 00:31:42,150 --> 00:31:43,650 Hiyo itakuwa kurekebisha tatizo hili. 772 00:31:43,650 --> 00:31:46,790 Lakini kwa ujumla, ni kuchukuliwa mbinu bora 773 00:31:46,790 --> 00:31:50,220 kuweka kazi yako kuu katika sana juu ili binadamu kusoma kanuni yako 774 00:31:50,220 --> 00:31:52,710 anajua nini mpango gani, kwa sababu kuu ni si kuzikwa zote 775 00:31:52,710 --> 00:31:53,960 njia chini au katikati. 776 00:31:53,960 --> 00:31:55,130 Ni juu sana. 777 00:31:55,130 --> 00:31:56,410 Hivyo kwamba hana kujisikia bora. 778 00:31:56,410 --> 00:31:58,326 Na unaweza kweli kupata katika hali ambapo 779 00:31:58,326 --> 00:32:00,820 kama wito kazi moja mwingine, ambayo inatoa wito mwingine, 780 00:32:00,820 --> 00:32:04,630 unaweza kupata katika suala ambapo wala unaweza kwenda juu ya nyingine, kifikra. 781 00:32:04,630 --> 00:32:05,920 Ni tu haiwezekani. 782 00:32:05,920 --> 00:32:09,290 >> Na hivyo njia ya kufanya kazi karibu hii ni tu kuchukua 783 00:32:09,290 --> 00:32:13,200 kazi ya sahihi, hivyo kusema mstari wa kwanza ambapo ni declared-- 784 00:32:13,200 --> 00:32:16,850 na nakala tu, kuweka hiyo kwa juu, lakini si kwa curly braces 785 00:32:16,850 --> 00:32:17,980 tu kwa semicolon. 786 00:32:17,980 --> 00:32:20,840 Ni kama ladha kidogo ya mambo yajayo. 787 00:32:20,840 --> 00:32:26,630 Na kwa kweli, yote ya wakati huu ambapo sisi tumeona mambo kama kiwango io.h 788 00:32:26,630 --> 00:32:33,040 na cs50.h, vile vile, katika wale nukta mafaili h ni pale prototypes mengine. 789 00:32:33,040 --> 00:32:35,250 Na tutaweza kuona kwamba kabla ya muda mrefu. 790 00:32:35,250 --> 00:32:39,340 >> Hivyo katika muda mfupi, wakati una mpango katika faili na kazi nyingi 791 00:32:39,340 --> 00:32:42,300 badala kuu, wewe karibu Siku zote unataka kutangaza yao 792 00:32:42,300 --> 00:32:45,360 tu kwa njia ya yao ya kwanza mstari, ikifuatiwa na semicolon, 793 00:32:45,360 --> 00:32:48,410 katika sana juu ya faili. 794 00:32:48,410 --> 00:32:50,460 Hiyo ilikuwa ni mengi yote kwa mara moja. 795 00:32:50,460 --> 00:32:53,130 Maswali yoyote? 796 00:32:53,130 --> 00:32:53,920 Maswali yoyote? 797 00:32:53,920 --> 00:32:54,530 Sawa. 798 00:32:54,530 --> 00:32:59,760 >> Basi hebu kuendelea na kisha kwa kitu kama kikohozi. 799 00:32:59,760 --> 00:33:00,260 Loo. 800 00:33:00,260 --> 00:33:00,570 Jinsi ya kufaa. 801 00:33:00,570 --> 00:33:01,220 Sawa. 802 00:33:01,220 --> 00:33:02,260 Kikohozi. 803 00:33:02,260 --> 00:33:05,080 Hivyo hapa ni c utekelezaji wa programu 804 00:33:05,080 --> 00:33:07,560 tulivyofanya siku nyingine katika Mwanzo kwamba sana tu tu 805 00:33:07,560 --> 00:33:08,691 anasema kikohozi, kikohozi, kikohozi. 806 00:33:08,691 --> 00:33:09,190 Sawa. 807 00:33:09,190 --> 00:33:11,136 Na mtu alisema chache siku iliyopita kwamba kuna 808 00:33:11,136 --> 00:33:12,760 njia ya kusafisha kanuni hii up tayari. 809 00:33:12,760 --> 00:33:12,880 Sawa? 810 00:33:12,880 --> 00:33:15,440 Haraka kama wewe ni kuiga na pasting kubuni pengine mbaya. 811 00:33:15,440 --> 00:33:18,725 Angalau mara moja sisi kupata wanne au watano au 20 mafua, anahisi mila mbaya. 812 00:33:18,725 --> 00:33:19,850 Sisi tu kuweka nakala, pasting. 813 00:33:19,850 --> 00:33:22,213 Nini ufumbuzi wa dhahiri kwa kusafisha mpango huu up? 814 00:33:22,213 --> 00:33:23,120 >> Watazamaji: Loop. 815 00:33:23,120 --> 00:33:23,350 >> SPIKA 1: Naam. 816 00:33:23,350 --> 00:33:24,070 Hivyo kutumia kitanzi. 817 00:33:24,070 --> 00:33:27,697 Na tunaweza kutumia kwa kitanzi, wakati kitanzi, idadi yoyote ya mbinu. 818 00:33:27,697 --> 00:33:29,780 Na hakika, hilo ndilo tunafanya katika toleo moja hapa. 819 00:33:29,780 --> 00:33:32,250 Nimekuwa badala yake kuandikwa upya katika toleo moja ya cough.c 820 00:33:32,250 --> 00:33:35,170 kuwa kikohozi tu ndani ya kwa kitanzi. 821 00:33:35,170 --> 00:33:38,240 Sawa, lakini kuna nafasi sasa kwa namna ya kuanza 822 00:33:38,240 --> 00:33:41,630 kubuni hii kidogo zaidi kama somo sisi kufundisha wakati iliyopita, 823 00:33:41,630 --> 00:33:46,190 ambayo ni Haya tuseme kwamba nilitaka kujenga kazi kuitwa kikohozi, 824 00:33:46,190 --> 00:33:49,730 hebu fikiria kwa muda tu nini ni kwenda kuangalia kama. 825 00:33:49,730 --> 00:33:51,900 Hivyo kama nataka kitu kukohoa, mimi tu haja 826 00:33:51,900 --> 00:33:53,800 kutumia magazeti f ndani ya kazi. 827 00:33:53,800 --> 00:33:55,030 Na hakika mimi. 828 00:33:55,030 --> 00:33:56,990 Na kwa kweli, haya yote muda, wakati wowote wewe ni 829 00:33:56,990 --> 00:33:59,000 uchapishaji kitu cha screen, programu 830 00:33:59,000 --> 00:34:00,610 kuita kwamba athari upande. 831 00:34:00,610 --> 00:34:02,990 Siyo mimi kuwapatia nyuma mtu thamani. 832 00:34:02,990 --> 00:34:06,170 Ni mimi kuchukua baadhi ya hatua hiyo inaweza kuwa ni kuibua dhahiri. 833 00:34:06,170 --> 00:34:10,672 Lakini hii kikohozi kazi, je, ni kurudi chochote kulingana na mstari wake wa kwanza? 834 00:34:10,672 --> 00:34:12,880 Hapana, kwa sababu kurudi aina yake ni batili, ambayo ina maana 835 00:34:12,880 --> 00:34:14,250 siyo kuwapatia mimi kitu nyuma. 836 00:34:14,250 --> 00:34:16,791 Ni inaweza kuwa kufanya kitu kuibua, lakini siyo kuwapatia mimi 837 00:34:16,791 --> 00:34:18,639 kuunga kipande cha karatasi kama wiki iliyopita. 838 00:34:18,639 --> 00:34:21,310 >> Je, ni haja pembejeo yoyote? 839 00:34:21,310 --> 00:34:21,810 Hakuna 840 00:34:21,810 --> 00:34:23,134 Na hivyo ni batili hapa pia. 841 00:34:23,134 --> 00:34:25,600 Hivyo hii pia ni aina ya juu-uhandisi tatizo hili. 842 00:34:25,600 --> 00:34:26,099 Sawa? 843 00:34:26,099 --> 00:34:28,820 Nimekuwa alifanya mpango zaidi tata, zaidi mstari wa kanuni, 844 00:34:28,820 --> 00:34:31,889 Mimi si alifanya hivyo yoyote zaidi ya kazi, lakini hii 845 00:34:31,889 --> 00:34:34,210 itakuwa jiwe wanazidi, pengine, kwa mapana 846 00:34:34,210 --> 00:34:36,830 mazingira na ngumu zaidi kificho. 847 00:34:36,830 --> 00:34:38,150 Lakini nini kuhusu hili? 848 00:34:38,150 --> 00:34:42,050 Nina nini done-- tu glancing katika huu bila kuangalia maoni 849 00:34:42,050 --> 00:34:46,076 katika sana juu ya file-- nini na Mimi kimsingi kufanyika hapa na kikohozi changu 850 00:34:46,076 --> 00:34:47,409 utekelezaji hiyo ni tofauti? 851 00:34:47,409 --> 00:34:48,327 Naam, katika nyuma? 852 00:34:48,327 --> 00:34:51,384 >> Watazamaji: Kufanya hivyo unaweza kuwa na tabia kuzima. 853 00:34:51,384 --> 00:34:52,050 SPIKA 1: Naam. 854 00:34:52,050 --> 00:34:53,270 Hivyo hii anahisi aina ya nzuri. 855 00:34:53,270 --> 00:34:53,389 Sawa? 856 00:34:53,389 --> 00:34:56,600 Ni kama kuongeza kipengele kwa yako mpango au kazi yako, katika kesi hii. 857 00:34:56,600 --> 00:34:57,830 Ni bado anarudi kitu. 858 00:34:57,830 --> 00:35:00,538 Ni inaweza kuwa Visual athari upande, kwa sababu ni wito magazeti f. 859 00:35:00,538 --> 00:35:02,800 Lakini sasa mimi parametrized kazi, ambayo 860 00:35:02,800 --> 00:35:06,470 ina maana nimekuwa maalum zilizochukuliwa mchango wa aina int na kuiita n, 861 00:35:06,470 --> 00:35:08,510 lakini mimi naweza kuiita kitu chochote nataka. 862 00:35:08,510 --> 00:35:11,550 Kwa kweli, inaweza tu kuwa mara kwa kuwa hata zaidi ya wazi. 863 00:35:11,550 --> 00:35:13,310 Na kisha mimi naweza kubadili tu hii hapa. 864 00:35:13,310 --> 00:35:16,450 Lakini uhakika ni kwamba hii ni jinsi mimi kujenga kazi ambayo inachukua pembejeo. 865 00:35:16,450 --> 00:35:19,530 Na kama unakumbuka flipping kupitia labda online katika moja 866 00:35:19,530 --> 00:35:23,000 ya kutembea-throughs, nne na ya mwisho kikohozi mfano, 867 00:35:23,000 --> 00:35:27,150 utasikia taarifa hapa nimekuwa wa jumla kanuni yangu further-- aina ya yanayotumika 868 00:35:27,150 --> 00:35:27,690 zaidi. 869 00:35:27,690 --> 00:35:31,390 Kama kikohozi na kupiga, wote ni kuhusu kama kusema kitu au kufanya 870 00:35:31,390 --> 00:35:32,330 aina fulani ya sauti. 871 00:35:32,330 --> 00:35:34,725 Ila itakuwa sambamba Scratch kuzuia. 872 00:35:34,725 --> 00:35:37,350 Na hivyo nini mimi katika toleo hili, ambayo tunaweza tu mtazamo saa, 873 00:35:37,350 --> 00:35:43,170 ni kikohozi ni kama kusema, [kikohozi], kikohozi, na wakati huo huo, kupiga chafya ni 874 00:35:43,170 --> 00:35:44,570 kama akisema, [Achoo]. 875 00:35:44,570 --> 00:35:46,900 Na hivyo nimekuwa wa jumla utekelezaji wa wale 876 00:35:46,900 --> 00:35:48,970 na sasa kutekeleza kazi hii ya kurefusha maisha, 877 00:35:48,970 --> 00:35:51,490 kusema, ambayo ni ya kuvutia kwa madhumuni ya leo 878 00:35:51,490 --> 00:35:54,300 tu kwa sababu bado hana aina ya kurudi. 879 00:35:54,300 --> 00:35:56,398 Lakini jinsi pembejeo nyingi gani? 880 00:35:56,398 --> 00:35:56,981 Watazamaji: Mbili. 881 00:35:56,981 --> 00:35:57,430 SPIKA 1: Mbili. 882 00:35:57,430 --> 00:35:59,263 Na hivyo kama unataka kuchukua katika hoja mbili, 883 00:35:59,263 --> 00:36:00,710 tu baina yao na comma. 884 00:36:00,710 --> 00:36:03,110 Na kama unataka kisha piga kazi hiyo, 885 00:36:03,110 --> 00:36:05,800 taarifa kwamba wewe tu piga kusema, quote, unquote, 886 00:36:05,800 --> 00:36:09,090 kwa hoja ya kwanza, kawaida n, kwa hoja ya pili. 887 00:36:09,090 --> 00:36:12,130 Hivyo tena, sisi tu sasa ujenzi wa vitalu ili tuweze kweli 888 00:36:12,130 --> 00:36:15,686 kutekeleza baadhi ya kazi zetu wenyewe. 889 00:36:15,686 --> 00:36:16,570 Sawa. 890 00:36:16,570 --> 00:36:19,690 Maswali yoyote juu ya hayo? 891 00:36:19,690 --> 00:36:22,400 >> Hivyo sasa hebu peel nyuma safu kama hivyo. 892 00:36:22,400 --> 00:36:24,840 Na lengo, hatimaye, ni tatizo seti wiki ijayo 893 00:36:24,840 --> 00:36:27,710 ni kwenda kuwa juu ya cryptogrophy-- sanaa ya scrambling habari. 894 00:36:27,710 --> 00:36:30,640 Na hasa, maelezo itakuwa na wewe encrypt au decrypt 895 00:36:30,640 --> 00:36:31,605 ni kwenda kuwa maandishi. 896 00:36:31,605 --> 00:36:33,980 Na hivyo kuwa aina ya mialiko swali leo kama vizuri, 897 00:36:33,980 --> 00:36:38,480 kinachoendelea chini ya Hood na maandishi ya zaidi ya ASCII kutoka wiki sifuri, 898 00:36:38,480 --> 00:36:40,730 na jinsi gani sisi kweli kuanza kuendesha hilo? 899 00:36:40,730 --> 00:36:43,070 Hivyo hapa ni jina Zamyla ya. 900 00:36:43,070 --> 00:36:47,380 Na katika maandishi, ambayo inaweza kuwa inputted ndani ya kama kupata kamba kazi. 901 00:36:47,380 --> 00:36:52,540 Na kuanzia sasa, wakati unaweza kuona kamba kama hii Z-A-M-Y-L-A-- 902 00:36:52,540 --> 00:36:56,550 kuanza kufikiria yake kana kwamba kila ya wahusika hao ni katika sanduku la zake 903 00:36:56,550 --> 00:36:57,050 mwenyewe. 904 00:36:57,050 --> 00:36:59,460 Na hakika, katika wiki au hivyo ni muda, kila mmoja masanduku hayo 905 00:36:59,460 --> 00:37:04,280 ni kwenda kuwakilisha mahsusi sana kuzuia wa memory-- kuumwa na kumbukumbu. 906 00:37:04,280 --> 00:37:07,050 Hivyo kila moja ya barua hizo, hatimaye, itakuwa kuwakilisha 8 bits. 907 00:37:07,050 --> 00:37:10,560 Na tutaweza kweli kuona nini kinaendelea chini ya Hood katika kompyuta yangu. 908 00:37:10,560 --> 00:37:13,440 >> Lakini kwa si yatosha tu kuangalia Zamyla 909 00:37:13,440 --> 00:37:17,520 kupitia enzi hii, ambapo kila mmoja barua hizi ni katika sanduku yake mwenyewe. 910 00:37:17,520 --> 00:37:22,697 Na vizuri kutosha katika C tunaweza kupata kila moja ya masanduku hayo moja kwa moja. 911 00:37:22,697 --> 00:37:25,530 Hivyo kama unataka kupata kwanza barua ya jina lake, super rahisi katika C. 912 00:37:25,530 --> 00:37:28,410 Kama unataka kupata mwisho barua, super rahisi na pia 913 00:37:28,410 --> 00:37:30,240 na kipande cha syntax mpya. 914 00:37:30,240 --> 00:37:36,250 >> Hivyo mimi nina kwenda mbele katika CS50 IDE na kufungua kamba sifuri nukta C. 915 00:37:36,250 --> 00:37:40,270 Na katika mfano huu hapa, kuna michache ya mambo mapya kinachoendelea. 916 00:37:40,270 --> 00:37:44,360 Hivyo kwanza katika mstari 19, tumekuwa kuonekana kupata kamba hii kabla,. 917 00:37:44,360 --> 00:37:49,840 Hivyo tu kama haraka sanity hundi, kama mtu anaweza kutoa hadi kwa maneno 918 00:37:49,840 --> 00:37:52,662 maelezo layman ya nini kinaendelea katika mstari 19. 919 00:37:52,662 --> 00:37:55,370 Kama tu kutafsiri hii katika Kiingereza kwamba roommate si katika CS50 920 00:37:55,370 --> 00:37:56,416 wapate kuelewa. 921 00:37:56,416 --> 00:37:56,916 Naam. 922 00:37:56,916 --> 00:37:59,749 >> Watazamaji: Je user pembejeo a kamba na kuhifadhi katika s kutofautiana. 923 00:37:59,749 --> 00:38:01,934 924 00:38:01,934 --> 00:38:02,600 SPIKA 1: Good. 925 00:38:02,600 --> 00:38:05,579 Na pembejeo mtumiaji kamba na kuhifadhi katika s kutofautiana. 926 00:38:05,579 --> 00:38:06,120 Hiyo ni kubwa. 927 00:38:06,120 --> 00:38:08,090 Kadhalika kulia upande, tunatoa wito kupata kamba. 928 00:38:08,090 --> 00:38:10,340 Kwamba anarudi thamani kwamba hakuwa na kupata kwa ajili 929 00:38:10,340 --> 00:38:14,230 kutoka upande wa kulia na mkono wa kushoto upande katika variable kuitwa s kwamba ni 930 00:38:14,230 --> 00:38:15,950 iliyoundwa na kuhifadhi kamba. 931 00:38:15,950 --> 00:38:16,800 Hasa. 932 00:38:16,800 --> 00:38:20,000 >> Hivyo sasa kujipanga 22, kwa maoni katika mstari 21, 933 00:38:20,000 --> 00:38:22,780 wazi Prints kamba kwamba tabia moja kwa kila mstari. 934 00:38:22,780 --> 00:38:23,740 Lakini jinsi gani? 935 00:38:23,740 --> 00:38:27,040 Hivyo kwanza ya yote, sisi initialize mimi kwa 0. 936 00:38:27,040 --> 00:38:31,061 Na kisha jinsi gani sisi kupata Mwisho wa jina Zamyla ya? 937 00:38:31,061 --> 00:38:32,810 Naam, mwishoni mwa Jina Zamyla wa, mimi naweza 938 00:38:32,810 --> 00:38:38,151 manually aina katika tabia mwisho wa jina lake kwa kiasi fulani, au idadi yake. 939 00:38:38,151 --> 00:38:38,650 Sawa? 940 00:38:38,650 --> 00:38:43,500 Tukirudi here-- Z-A-M-L-- Y-L-A-- ili niweze aina katika. 941 00:38:43,500 --> 00:38:47,340 Nini ripoti ya Zamyla ya mwisho barua? 942 00:38:47,340 --> 00:38:52,517 Kama hii ni 0-- akizungumza kama programmer-- 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 943 00:38:52,517 --> 00:38:56,570 Mimi heard-- hivyo kweli kweli, barua ya mwisho katika jina Zamyla ni ya sita, 944 00:38:56,570 --> 00:38:58,890 lakini kama sisi kuhesabu kutoka 0, ni kwenda kuwa namba 5. 945 00:38:58,890 --> 00:39:01,320 Hivyo kuendelea kuwa katika akili hapa. 946 00:39:01,320 --> 00:39:04,929 >> Ni zinageuka kuna kazi katika C aitwaye strlen, na nyuma katika siku 947 00:39:04,929 --> 00:39:06,720 na kwa bado siku hii, mengi ya programmers 948 00:39:06,720 --> 00:39:09,524 kuchagua kusawazisha majina yao kwa kazi ambayo kuonekana kama maneno 949 00:39:09,524 --> 00:39:10,440 wao ni kujaribu kusema. 950 00:39:10,440 --> 00:39:12,590 Hivyo strlen ni kamba urefu. 951 00:39:12,590 --> 00:39:18,168 Na hivyo gani urefu wa kamba S kurudi wakati Zamyla ni pembejeo? 952 00:39:18,168 --> 00:39:19,569 >> Watazamaji: Tano. 953 00:39:19,569 --> 00:39:22,090 >> SPIKA 1: Z-A-M-Y-L. Sita. 954 00:39:22,090 --> 00:39:22,590 Sawa? 955 00:39:22,590 --> 00:39:23,940 Nini urefu wa jina Zamyla ya? 956 00:39:23,940 --> 00:39:24,440 Sawa? 957 00:39:24,440 --> 00:39:26,240 Na tu katika hali halisi, barua sita. 958 00:39:26,240 --> 00:39:26,740 Sawa? 959 00:39:26,740 --> 00:39:28,940 Na hivyo hiyo ina maana gani kwa kitanzi yetu? 960 00:39:28,940 --> 00:39:32,130 Tunakwenda kwenda kutoka 0 hadi sita, ambayo 961 00:39:32,130 --> 00:39:33,650 ni kwenda kutupa iterations tano. 962 00:39:33,650 --> 00:39:34,890 Tufanye nini juu ya kila iteration? 963 00:39:34,890 --> 00:39:36,870 Naam, asilimia C, mtu guessed siku nyingine, 964 00:39:36,870 --> 00:39:38,710 ina maana placeholder kwa nini? 965 00:39:38,710 --> 00:39:39,335 >> Watazamaji: Char. 966 00:39:39,335 --> 00:39:40,293 SPIKA 1: Tu Char. 967 00:39:40,293 --> 00:39:42,877 Hivyo character-- moja si wahusika mbalimbali kama kamba. 968 00:39:42,877 --> 00:39:45,251 Na kisha hapa ni mstari wa mwezi kwamba sisi tumepewa uchapishaji nje. 969 00:39:45,251 --> 00:39:46,580 Na kisha hapa ni syntax mpya. 970 00:39:46,580 --> 00:39:51,130 Kama unataka magazeti nje i-th tabia katika kamba S, hivyo kusema, 971 00:39:51,130 --> 00:39:54,060 unaweza tu kusema jina la kamba S, 972 00:39:54,060 --> 00:39:58,230 na kisha kufungua mraba mabano, na kisha kufungwa mraba mabano, na i 973 00:39:58,230 --> 00:39:58,780 katikati. 974 00:39:58,780 --> 00:40:01,430 Na ni aina ya nzuri kwa kuwa ni aina ya inaonekana kama mraba 975 00:40:01,430 --> 00:40:06,210 kama viwanja ambao Zamyla ya wahusika zipo kwenye ile picha pale. 976 00:40:06,210 --> 00:40:09,970 >> Hivyo kama mimi kweli kuendesha hii sasa, hebu angalia nini kinatokea. 977 00:40:09,970 --> 00:40:15,190 Kufanya kamba 0 dot slash kamba 0, na kisha mimi nina 978 00:40:15,190 --> 00:40:16,720 kwenda aina katika jina Zamyla ya. 979 00:40:16,720 --> 00:40:19,428 Hakuna haraka, kwa sababu sikuwa kutumia magazeti f, lakini hiyo ni nzuri. 980 00:40:19,428 --> 00:40:20,660 Mimi tu kujua nini cha kufanya. 981 00:40:20,660 --> 00:40:23,240 Na hakika, Prints nje Jina Zamyla wa, moja kwa kila mstari. 982 00:40:23,240 --> 00:40:25,760 >> Sasa hebu kuwa kidogo reckless. 983 00:40:25,760 --> 00:40:28,461 Tuseme kwamba sikujua kuhusu strlen na I figured, 984 00:40:28,461 --> 00:40:31,460 sawa, hakuna mtu kwenda na jina kubwa kuliko kama wahusika 50. 985 00:40:31,460 --> 00:40:36,360 Hebu kwenda mbele na recompile hii na rerun yake, na kisha aina katika Zamyla 986 00:40:36,360 --> 00:40:37,160 tena. 987 00:40:37,160 --> 00:40:40,850 Kwa mantiki, ni nini Mpango kwenda kujaribu magazeti? 988 00:40:40,850 --> 00:40:49,545 Z-A-M-Y-L-A kisha kama 45 ka haijulikani cha kumbukumbu. 989 00:40:49,545 --> 00:40:51,670 Na hakika, tutaweza kurudi kwa wazo hili la kumbukumbu. 990 00:40:51,670 --> 00:40:54,180 Lakini tu mantiki, ikiwa Jina Zamyla ni hii kwa muda mrefu, 991 00:40:54,180 --> 00:40:56,450 kwa mujibu wa picha hapa, nini sisi ni kusema 992 00:40:56,450 --> 00:40:59,810 ni kuweka uchapishaji, kuweka uchapishaji, kuweka uchapishaji, kuweka uchapishaji, kuweka uchapishaji, 993 00:40:59,810 --> 00:41:03,781 njia yote ya tabia 50, ambayo ambaye anajua nini kitatokea. 994 00:41:03,781 --> 00:41:05,030 Basi hebu kweli kuangalia. 995 00:41:05,030 --> 00:41:06,720 Hebu aina katika Zamyla. 996 00:41:06,720 --> 00:41:07,250 Kuvutia. 997 00:41:07,250 --> 00:41:08,190 Tulipata bahati. 998 00:41:08,190 --> 00:41:09,700 Tu kundi zima la nafasi nyeupe. 999 00:41:09,700 --> 00:41:09,930 Loo. 1000 00:41:09,930 --> 00:41:11,120 Kuna moja funky tabia. 1001 00:41:11,120 --> 00:41:14,577 Inaonekana aina ya kama swali weird alama huko, lakini kuna jina Zamyla ni. 1002 00:41:14,577 --> 00:41:15,660 Hebu kupata kweli reckless. 1003 00:41:15,660 --> 00:41:20,000 Vipi kuhusu sisi magazeti nje 500 vitalu katika haijulikani? 1004 00:41:20,000 --> 00:41:24,380 Hebu kwenda mbele na kufanya hili ikiwa ni pamoja na kisha re-kukimbia. 1005 00:41:24,380 --> 00:41:27,980 Na hebu screen kamili, kwa sababu tunahitaji kuona nafasi zaidi. 1006 00:41:27,980 --> 00:41:30,460 Zamyla. 1007 00:41:30,460 --> 00:41:31,830 Got bahati tena. 1008 00:41:31,830 --> 00:41:33,070 >> Dare tunapata zaidi reckless? 1009 00:41:33,070 --> 00:41:36,070 Hebu kupata zaidi reckless. 1010 00:41:36,070 --> 00:41:39,350 Wahusika 50,000. 1011 00:41:39,350 --> 00:41:41,390 Hakika huu ni si wazo nzuri. 1012 00:41:41,390 --> 00:41:41,890 Sawa. 1013 00:41:41,890 --> 00:41:42,990 Kufanya kamba 0. 1014 00:41:42,990 --> 00:41:44,720 Hii itakuwa ni demo yetu ya mwisho. 1015 00:41:44,720 --> 00:41:47,261 Zamyla. 1016 00:41:47,261 --> 00:41:48,632 Ugh. 1017 00:41:48,632 --> 00:41:50,010 Ugh. 1018 00:41:50,010 --> 00:41:50,680 SAWA. 1019 00:41:50,680 --> 00:41:54,407 Hivyo kumbukumbu yangu ni kweli tupu sasa hivi, ambayo ni kweli aina ya urahisi. 1020 00:41:54,407 --> 00:41:55,990 Nini mimi kujaribu kupata to-- haki yote. 1021 00:41:55,990 --> 00:41:57,614 Na sasa mimi nina kwenda tu kupata reckless. 1022 00:41:57,614 --> 00:41:58,570 500,000. 1023 00:41:58,570 --> 00:42:03,860 Make-- hebu full-screen yake. 1024 00:42:03,860 --> 00:42:04,990 Kuingia. 1025 00:42:04,990 --> 00:42:05,490 Zamyla. 1026 00:42:05,490 --> 00:42:12,050 1027 00:42:12,050 --> 00:42:13,390 Kuna sisi kwenda. 1028 00:42:13,390 --> 00:42:15,610 Mimi sijui nini kwamba ni, lakini inaonekana mbaya. 1029 00:42:15,610 --> 00:42:16,110 Sawa. 1030 00:42:16,110 --> 00:42:20,322 Na kwa kweli, hivi karibuni, ikiwa ni miongoni mwa chache bahati katika masaa ya ofisi 1031 00:42:20,322 --> 00:42:22,780 na katika tatizo kuweka moja, wewe ili vizuri sana kukutana hii. 1032 00:42:22,780 --> 00:42:25,490 Segmentation kosa kweli haina kuwa na maana kichele. 1033 00:42:25,490 --> 00:42:28,450 Ina maana baadhi ya makosa aina zinazohusiana na sehemu ya kumbukumbu. 1034 00:42:28,450 --> 00:42:30,490 Na katika suala layman, ina maana sisi kuguswa 1035 00:42:30,490 --> 00:42:34,780 memory-- tulikuwa RAM katika kompyuta yangu kwamba ni lazima si wamekuwa na upatikanaji wa. 1036 00:42:34,780 --> 00:42:37,050 Na kwamba ni nini ni wote nguvu na pia hatari 1037 00:42:37,050 --> 00:42:39,910 kuhusu C ni kwamba kweli wanapata isiyokuwa 1038 00:42:39,910 --> 00:42:45,910 kwa ukamilifu wa kumbukumbu ya mpango wako au ka au RAM, hasa zaidi. 1039 00:42:45,910 --> 00:42:49,510 >> Hivyo hata kama jina Zamyla ya ni wahusika sita tu ya muda mrefu, 1040 00:42:49,510 --> 00:42:51,450 Mimi bado unaweza kwenda popote katika kumbukumbu nataka. 1041 00:42:51,450 --> 00:42:53,491 Na kama kando, kama wameweza milele kusoma baadhi ya makala 1042 00:42:53,491 --> 00:42:55,610 katika kipindi cha miaka kuhusu baadhi server au mpango baadhi 1043 00:42:55,610 --> 00:42:58,654 kupata kupasuka au hacked hiyo ni kuchukuliwa kwa faida ya kitu 1044 00:42:58,654 --> 00:43:00,820 aitwaye kufurika buffer kunyonya kwamba tutaweza kweli 1045 00:43:00,820 --> 00:43:04,970 majadiliano juu katika wiki chache, hiyo ni ujumla akimaanisha namna fulani tricking 1046 00:43:04,970 --> 00:43:09,090 kompyuta katika kinaenda vizuri nje ya mipaka ya kumbukumbu 1047 00:43:09,090 --> 00:43:11,410 kwamba ni lazima kuwa na, na kutafuta kitu Juicy 1048 00:43:11,410 --> 00:43:13,530 kwa kuwa memory-- neno la siri, labda, njia 1049 00:43:13,530 --> 00:43:16,990 ya circumventing baadhi idadi Serial kuangalia, au tu kwa ujumla uwezo 1050 00:43:16,990 --> 00:43:20,360 hila kompyuta ni utekelezaji kificho kwamba alikuwa hana nia. 1051 00:43:20,360 --> 00:43:22,360 Lakini hebu kurudi ukweli kwa muda tu 1052 00:43:22,360 --> 00:43:24,550 ambapo mpango huu ulikuwa kutekelezwa na strlen, 1053 00:43:24,550 --> 00:43:26,110 na kuanzisha jambo moja hapa. 1054 00:43:26,110 --> 00:43:30,030 Nini mpya katika watu hao mistari tatu za juu? 1055 00:43:30,030 --> 00:43:30,910 >> Hivyo kamba nukta h. 1056 00:43:30,910 --> 00:43:35,490 Ni zinageuka kuna maktaba hii inaitwa Kamba Dot H, au maktaba kamba, 1057 00:43:35,490 --> 00:43:38,490 ambao kichwa faili, hivyo kusema, ni kamba nukta h kwamba anatoa mimi 1058 00:43:38,490 --> 00:43:40,860 upatikanaji wa hii kazi strlen. 1059 00:43:40,860 --> 00:43:43,841 Kama mimi saza kwamba, compiler ni kwenda yell saa yangu kwa namna fulani. 1060 00:43:43,841 --> 00:43:44,590 Lakini unajua nini? 1061 00:43:44,590 --> 00:43:46,090 Sasa hebu kupata kweli pongezi. 1062 00:43:46,090 --> 00:43:50,820 Katika mstari 22, kuna kitu aina ya inefficient-- vibaya iliyoundwa, 1063 00:43:50,820 --> 00:43:53,990 arguably-- kuhusu mstari wa kanuni. 1064 00:43:53,990 --> 00:43:56,280 Fikiria nyuma jinsi kwa kitanzi zinatekelezwa 1065 00:43:56,280 --> 00:44:00,140 na hatua gani kutokea tena na tena na again-- initialization, 1066 00:44:00,140 --> 00:44:04,110 hali, kanuni na kwamba anapata kunyongwa, basi nyongeza 1067 00:44:04,110 --> 00:44:07,880 au mabadiliko, basi hali, kisha kificho, basi mabadiliko, basi 1068 00:44:07,880 --> 00:44:11,280 hali, kisha kificho, kisha mabadiliko, na kadhalika. 1069 00:44:11,280 --> 00:44:15,320 Kwa hiyo kile inaweza kuwa ni kidogo inatia mashaka au hafifu kufanyika hapa? 1070 00:44:15,320 --> 00:44:16,387 Naam, katika bluu. 1071 00:44:16,387 --> 00:44:18,220 Watazamaji: Strlen ni aitwaye wengi, mara nyingi. 1072 00:44:18,220 --> 00:44:20,654 1073 00:44:20,654 --> 00:44:21,320 SPIKA 1: Naam. 1074 00:44:21,320 --> 00:44:23,700 Hivyo strlen inaitwa mara nyingi, lakini nini ni 1075 00:44:23,700 --> 00:44:27,113 urefu wa jina Zamyla ya mara ya kwanza kitanzi executes? 1076 00:44:27,113 --> 00:44:27,860 >> Watazamaji: Six. 1077 00:44:27,860 --> 00:44:28,110 >> SPIKA 1: Six. 1078 00:44:28,110 --> 00:44:30,976 Naam, ni nini urefu wa jina lake mara ya pili kificho executes? 1079 00:44:30,976 --> 00:44:31,432 >> Watazamaji: Six. 1080 00:44:31,432 --> 00:44:31,890 >> SPIKA 1: Sawa. 1081 00:44:31,890 --> 00:44:32,720 Bado sita. 1082 00:44:32,720 --> 00:44:33,220 Sawa? 1083 00:44:33,220 --> 00:44:35,260 Jina Zarla ina si iliyopita, hata kama mimi nina kuangalia 1084 00:44:35,260 --> 00:44:38,240 katika sehemu tu ya nyaraka kwa jina la wake. 1085 00:44:38,240 --> 00:44:41,349 Na hivyo ukweli kwamba mimi nina ufanisi kuuliza swali hili, nini 1086 00:44:41,349 --> 00:44:44,640 urefu wa Zamyla, nini urefu ya Zamyla, nini urefu wa Zamyla, 1087 00:44:44,640 --> 00:44:47,990 mara sita tofauti, au saba hata, ni wajinga tu, 1088 00:44:47,990 --> 00:44:50,390 kwa sababu hiyo ni unchanging jibu hilo. 1089 00:44:50,390 --> 00:44:53,550 Na hivyo kile mimi naweza kweli kufanya ni Haya katika kamba moja 1090 00:44:53,550 --> 00:44:55,680 Nina toleo la kidogo bora hapa. 1091 00:44:55,680 --> 00:45:00,110 There-- whoops-- kamba mbili nina kidogo bora toleo la eti 1092 00:45:00,110 --> 00:45:05,010 Mimi kufanya Haya badala ya initializing i kwa 0, mimi pia na comma 1093 00:45:05,010 --> 00:45:07,990 kutangaza kutofautiana pili inaitwa n-- sina cha kusema int tena. 1094 00:45:07,990 --> 00:45:09,220 Mimi hawapaswi, kwa kweli. 1095 00:45:09,220 --> 00:45:10,380 Lakini nasema n. 1096 00:45:10,380 --> 00:45:13,610 Na kisha mimi initialize n kwa strlen ya n, hivyo kwamba sasa 1097 00:45:13,610 --> 00:45:17,110 mara ngapi haina strlen kupata kuuawa katika jumla? 1098 00:45:17,110 --> 00:45:17,610 Mara moja tu. 1099 00:45:17,610 --> 00:45:20,257 Na hivyo hii ni nini maana sisi mapema kuhusu mpango bora. 1100 00:45:20,257 --> 00:45:23,090 Kwa kweli mara moja kanuni yako ni sahihi, kurejea na kufikiria kupitia, 1101 00:45:23,090 --> 00:45:26,820 Mimi ni kwa kutumia kama kidogo kumbukumbu au sekunde chache kama 1102 00:45:26,820 --> 00:45:30,409 au milliseconds ya muda kompyuta kama inawezekana kutekeleza baadhi ya tatizo? 1103 00:45:30,409 --> 00:45:32,200 Na mimi nina kwenda na kitabu up na kutaja tu 1104 00:45:32,200 --> 00:45:34,283 kwamba kuna kutaja hii ya null katika toleo hili, 1105 00:45:34,283 --> 00:45:36,390 lakini tutaweza kuja nyuma na kwamba kabla ya muda mrefu. 1106 00:45:36,390 --> 00:45:41,010 Kwa sababu kwa sasa, hebu tuangalie katika ambapo hii ni kwenda kuongoza yetu. 1107 00:45:41,010 --> 00:45:44,110 Hivyo moja, zinageuka kuwa sasa kwamba tuna uwezo 1108 00:45:44,110 --> 00:45:46,860 kuangalia wahusika mtu binafsi, tunaweza kujiinua kitu 1109 00:45:46,860 --> 00:45:50,807 kutoka wiki 0 iliyokuwa arcane sana na aina ya uninteresting wakati huo. 1110 00:45:50,807 --> 00:45:53,390 Lakini sasa, na hasa wakati sisi kupata cryptography katika wiki, 1111 00:45:53,390 --> 00:45:54,820 ni kwenda kuwa pretty nguvu. 1112 00:45:54,820 --> 00:45:57,450 Ni zinageuka kuwa pamoja na baadhi ya data types-- ints na ikifungwa 1113 00:45:57,450 --> 00:46:00,300 na chars na masharti na wengine things-- baadhi yao 1114 00:46:00,300 --> 00:46:02,800 inaweza kwa urahisi sana waongofu na mwingine. 1115 00:46:02,800 --> 00:46:05,840 >> Kwa mfano, wakati sisi aliyesema kuhusu ASCII muda ago-- hapa ni 1116 00:46:05,840 --> 00:46:07,796 herufi kubwa A kupitia M, dot, dot, 1117 00:46:07,796 --> 00:46:12,530 dot-- sisi alisema kuwa kuna ramani kati ya hizi barua na idadi. 1118 00:46:12,530 --> 00:46:14,970 Na kwa kweli, ana kweli kwa herufi ndogo pia. 1119 00:46:14,970 --> 00:46:17,470 Lowercase a ni 97, mji mkuu wa a ni 65. 1120 00:46:17,470 --> 00:46:20,860 Na kuna idadi katika ASCII, ambayo ni haki ramani hii 1121 00:46:20,860 --> 00:46:23,240 mfumo kwa wote wa barua hizo nyingine. 1122 00:46:23,240 --> 00:46:25,030 Hivyo nini maana gani? 1123 00:46:25,030 --> 00:46:28,390 Naam, mimi nina kwenda mbele na wazi up halisi haraka kitu kinachoitwa 1124 00:46:28,390 --> 00:46:31,240 ASCII 0, ambao wengi ni maoni. 1125 00:46:31,240 --> 00:46:33,860 Na tena online unaweza daima mtazamo kupitia maoni. 1126 00:46:33,860 --> 00:46:36,180 >> Na kuangalia nini hii ni kwenda kufanya. 1127 00:46:36,180 --> 00:46:38,410 Hivyo ni got kazi kuu. 1128 00:46:38,410 --> 00:46:41,490 Nimekuwa ngumu-coded idadi tu kwa sasa, kwa sababu najua nini mimi kufanya. 1129 00:46:41,490 --> 00:46:42,950 Mimi najua kile nataka kuona hapa. 1130 00:46:42,950 --> 00:46:45,220 Na nimekuwa initialized mimi kwa 65. 1131 00:46:45,220 --> 00:46:48,490 Na mimi nina kuhesabu hadi hadi 26 herufi jumla. 1132 00:46:48,490 --> 00:46:52,990 Na nini mimi kwenda magazeti mstari mmoja kwa wakati 1133 00:46:52,990 --> 00:46:54,930 ikiwa nyinyi mnaweza kuagua huu yalionyesha mstari? 1134 00:46:54,930 --> 00:46:55,970 Nini anapata kuchapishwa? 1135 00:46:55,970 --> 00:46:56,797 Naam. 1136 00:46:56,797 --> 00:46:57,264 >> Watazamaji: Je, wewe kwenda magazeti barua hiyo 1137 00:46:57,264 --> 00:46:59,805 sambamba na ramani ya thamani barua na thamani integer? 1138 00:46:59,805 --> 00:47:01,199 1139 00:47:01,199 --> 00:47:01,990 SPIKA 1: Hasa. 1140 00:47:01,990 --> 00:47:04,740 Mimi nina kwenda magazeti barua sambamba na thamani integer, 1141 00:47:04,740 --> 00:47:06,131 na kinyume chake, kama ifuatavyo. 1142 00:47:06,131 --> 00:47:08,880 Naam hii, mtu alisema mapema, ni tu placeholder kwa Char. 1143 00:47:08,880 --> 00:47:09,490 Bado ni. 1144 00:47:09,490 --> 00:47:12,280 Hii, bila shaka, ni placeholder kwa int si mstari mpya. 1145 00:47:12,280 --> 00:47:18,140 Na sasa taarifa, thamani yangu ya kwanza kwamba Mimi kuziba katika kwa kuwa placeholder 1146 00:47:18,140 --> 00:47:22,320 si mimi tu mimi kusema, katika mabano, char mimi, 1147 00:47:22,320 --> 00:47:26,700 ambayo char mabano ni kuwaambia compiler, kutibu mimi 1148 00:47:26,700 --> 00:47:28,490 si kama ni nini, ambayo ni idadi. 1149 00:47:28,490 --> 00:47:30,490 Kutibu kama tabia halisi. 1150 00:47:30,490 --> 00:47:34,490 Wakati thamani pili mimi nina plugging in-- I-- lazima tu kuwa idadi. 1151 00:47:34,490 --> 00:47:38,140 >> Hivyo kama mimi kukusanya program-- hii hivyo hii ni kufanya ASCII 0, 1152 00:47:38,140 --> 00:47:41,720 dot slash ASCII 0-- mimi tu kupata hii Handy kidogo chati kwamba 1153 00:47:41,720 --> 00:47:44,950 inaonyesha yangu yote juu ya uwezekano wa upangaji bila ya kuwa na kufikiri 1154 00:47:44,950 --> 00:47:46,450 kupitia au takwimu ni nje peke yangu. 1155 00:47:46,450 --> 00:47:48,783 Na mimi nina pia uchapishaji nje, taarifa herufi ndogo, 1156 00:47:48,783 --> 00:47:51,410 kwa sababu mistari michache baadaye, mimi pia magazeti nje ya ramani hii 1157 00:47:51,410 --> 00:47:53,737 kama vile, ambayo ni tu kusema kwamba mara tu kuelewa 1158 00:47:53,737 --> 00:47:55,570 nini kinaendelea chini ya kofia, unaweza wewe 1159 00:47:55,570 --> 00:47:57,111 moja kwa moja kubadilisha na kurudi. 1160 00:47:57,111 --> 00:48:00,160 Na kwa kweli, ikiwa mtu wa kwenu aliyepata huu katika shule ya daraja 1161 00:48:00,160 --> 00:48:03,490 au kusikia kuhusu mtu mythically kuchukua kumbuka 1162 00:48:03,490 --> 00:48:05,620 na kupita kwa wake au rafiki yake darasani, 1163 00:48:05,620 --> 00:48:08,300 lakini wewe scrambled barua na kama A inakuwa B, 1164 00:48:08,300 --> 00:48:11,240 na B ​​inakuwa C, au kitu ngumu zaidi ya hapo, vizuri, 1165 00:48:11,240 --> 00:48:13,410 jinsi gani unaweza kwenda juu ya kutekeleza kwamba kama mtoto? 1166 00:48:13,410 --> 00:48:16,340 Naam, wewe tu aina ya kujua A inakuwa B, B inakuwa C, 1167 00:48:16,340 --> 00:48:19,700 lakini hesabu, kilichokuwa kwamba mtoto kufanya? 1168 00:48:19,700 --> 00:48:22,050 Mlikuwa na kuongeza kwa kila herufi? 1169 00:48:22,050 --> 00:48:23,340 Kwa ufanisi, 1. 1170 00:48:23,340 --> 00:48:27,740 >> Hivyo wakati wewe kubadili kwa B, hiyo ni aina ya kama mabadiliko ya 65-66, 1171 00:48:27,740 --> 00:48:29,590 ambayo kimahesabu njia tu kuongeza 1. 1172 00:48:29,590 --> 00:48:33,300 Na hivyo kama ungekuwa na kutekeleza udanganyifu mbinu ambayo kidogo 1173 00:48:33,300 --> 00:48:36,380 kwa mwalimu wako katika kanuni, inaweza kufanya hasa kwamba tu 1174 00:48:36,380 --> 00:48:38,552 na kuongeza barua moja pamoja. 1175 00:48:38,552 --> 00:48:40,260 Hivyo kabla ya muda mrefu, tuko kwenda kuona jinsi sisi 1176 00:48:40,260 --> 00:48:43,300 unaweza kuchukua faida ya kwamba kwa kweli dhati kinyang'anyiro na unscramble 1177 00:48:43,300 --> 00:48:43,991 habari. 1178 00:48:43,991 --> 00:48:47,240 Wakati huo huo, tunajua kwamba tumekuwa kuanza kuanzisha wanandoa maktaba nyingine 1179 00:48:47,240 --> 00:48:48,990 here-- kamba moja leo. 1180 00:48:48,990 --> 00:48:51,180 Na tovuti msaada sana hopefully utapata 1181 00:48:51,180 --> 00:48:55,010 inaitwa reference.cs50.net, ambayo wafanyakazi wa kufundisha kuweka pamoja, 1182 00:48:55,010 --> 00:48:57,510 ili kwamba kama unataka kuangalia juu ya kazi jinsi strlen, 1183 00:48:57,510 --> 00:48:59,300 unaweza kuanza kuandika jina kazi ya, 1184 00:48:59,300 --> 00:49:02,890 bonyeza strlen huko, na kisha maelezo chini ya starehe 1185 00:49:02,890 --> 00:49:03,700 kinaenda kutokea. 1186 00:49:03,700 --> 00:49:06,880 Au kama unataka rasmi Linux makao maelezo, 1187 00:49:06,880 --> 00:49:08,945 unaweza bonyeza zaidi comfy kulia juu, na 1188 00:49:08,945 --> 00:49:12,070 sasa itakuwa taarifa hiyo, lakini katika suala ngumu zaidi. 1189 00:49:12,070 --> 00:49:15,070 Hiyo ni rasilimali muhimu kwa kweli kujua nini kila kitu gani. 1190 00:49:15,070 --> 00:49:17,320 >> Wakati mwingine tunakwenda tuangalie Ovaltine 1191 00:49:17,320 --> 00:49:20,070 na zaidi, na kuanzisha wenyewe katika ulimwengu wa cryptography. 1192 00:49:20,070 --> 00:49:21,930 Kabla ya hapo, tutaweza kuona wewe baadaye wiki hii. 1193 00:49:21,930 --> 00:49:23,390 Na sasa, Colton Ogden. 1194 00:49:23,390 --> 00:49:26,730 Kuona juu ya Jumatano. 1195 00:49:26,730 --> 00:49:30,216 >> [Music kucheza] 1196 00:49:30,216 --> 00:49:33,702 >> [Music kucheza] 1197 00:49:33,702 --> 00:49:38,682 1198 00:49:38,682 --> 00:49:42,200 >> SPIKA 1: Je, [Bleep] unafanya nini? 1199 00:49:42,200 --> 00:49:45,720 >> SPIKA 1: Mimi kula dessert wangu? 1200 00:49:45,720 --> 00:49:47,160 Jinsi gani unaweza kula? 1201 00:49:47,160 --> 00:49:47,860 Kwa mikono yako? 1202 00:49:47,860 --> 00:49:54,050 1203 00:49:54,050 --> 00:49:57,940 >> [Music kucheza] 1204 00:49:57,940 --> 00:50:03,453