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>> [Daqq tal-mużika]

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>> DAVID J Malan: Dan huwa CS50 u
dan huwa l-bidu tal-ġimgħa 7.

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Allura merħba lura.

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U inti tista 'tfakkar li
fl problema sett erbgħa,

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kien hemm ftit kaċċa kennies
għal xi premjijiet fabulous li permezz tagħhom

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wara li tirkupra l-ritratti ta '
persunal kemm hawn u fi New Haven,

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inti ġew sfidati biex isibu kif ħafna mill
dawk xjenzjati tal-kompjuter kif inti tista '.

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U aħna ħadthom ltqajna kollha
mazz ta 'sottomissjonijiet.

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Ħasbu I d jaqsmu ftit
miegħek hawn illum.

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>> U aħna ser post dawn kollha online.

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Iżda b'mod partikolari, jien ridt li
niġbidlek l-attenzjoni to-- ukoll waħda,

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Sam kien pjuttost ftit minnhom
ġeneralment jippreżentaw bħal dan.

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Iżda jidher li mill-
dalgħodu, ir-rebbieħ

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kien ċertu ħadd jismu Ken ma
24 tal-persunal maqbuda fuq camera

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jew ftit aktar meta tieħu in
kont persunal multipli fl-istampi.

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Isaffru hawn huwa Ken jmiss
li Marija fi New Haven.

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>> Issa, Ken, għalkemm, dawriet
out hija daqsxejn ta 'każ kantuniera

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thats għadhom ma ġara qabel.

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Jirriżulta li dan ma sarx
lili li jitqiegħdu istampar multa fil-problema

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sett erba li tgħid li l-persunal huma
ineliġibbli għall-premjijiet fabulous

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minħabba Ken huwa, ovvjament, waħda mill
l-fotografi fuq il-persunal tagħna.

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Issa, ma 'dak imsemmi, huwa
oriġinarjament kiteb me ngħid

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jekk jogħġbok ma post dawn ir-ritratti online.

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Naħseb fil-parti kbira
għax ħafna mill-ritratti

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li dan fotografu ħa ħarsa
ftit xi ħaġa bħal din.

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U simili.

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>> Iżda Ken tixtieq me biex iserraħ ras lilek
li hu fotografu tajjeb ħafna,

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huwa professjonist, hu jieħu
ritratti li mhumiex blurry,

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li huma aħjar fil-fokus, u hu
ħa pjuttost ftit ta 'persunal tagħna stess.

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Iżda minflok biss jirrikonoxxu
Ken, dak ħsibna aħna'd tagħmel

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hu li tmur permezz tal-lista ta '
istudenti attwali li ressqu.

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U jirriżulta li Lance ma
Ritratti 15 sa mid dalgħodu

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kien rebbieħ tagħna.

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>> U isaffru hawn hija Lance ma Colton,
ma SKAZ, mal myself, u ma 'Sam.

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Iżda mbagħad jirriżulta li mill-
11:46, hekk biss ftit ilu,

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I marru lura għal email tiegħi u sabet
li kellna s'issa wieħed Sottomissjoni aktar

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minn student jismu Bonnie
li email qal biss dan.

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Mhux se jimteddu, jien
tagħmel dan matul il-klassi.

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U mbagħad ipproċediet biex iwaħħlu biss
Ritratti 14, wieħed jitmeżmżu ta 'l Lance 15.

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>> Iżda fil-ritratti Bonnie, il jirriżulta
out kienu membri tal-persunal multipli, Sam

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fosthom, sabiex dak ħsibna
se tagħmel huwa tirrikonoxxi dawn iż-żewġ.

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Allura minbarra li jkollna l-Dropbox
ispazju li kulħadd li pparteċipaw

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tirċievi, dawn iż-żewġ sezzjonijiet ser ukoll
jirċievu ikla preparament sbieħ għalihom

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u taqsima tagħhom
mates din il-ġimgħa li ġejjin.

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U għalhekk inti se tisma minna,
Lance u Bonnie, dwar dan.

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Congrats hekk kbar lilhom.

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Issa, dawk fostkom li kieku
bħal ikla aktar ġenerali

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jafu li ikla CS50 fil Cambridge
u New Haven hija din il-ġimgħa.

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Mur fil RSVP mmejla website CS50 s.

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U issa kelma fuq seminars.

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Aktar curricularly.

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Allura aħna qed joqrob it-
punt tas-semestru

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fejn għandek tibda
jaħsbu dwar proġetti finali.

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U fil-fatt, fi ftit ftit, se
hekk imsejħa proposti preliminari jkun dovut.

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Proposti hekk minn qabel huma maħsuba biex
impatt tkun pjuttost baxxa u verament

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biss opportunità għall
inti compose nota qasira

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sħabi tagħlim tiegħek li tinforma
lilu jew lilha dak li qed jaħsbu inti

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jista 'jkun irid jagħmel għall-proġett finali tiegħek.

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>> Issa, ħafna studenti jispiċċaw
tagħmel web ibbażat proġetti finali.

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U ovvjament, aħna qed biss
issa għaddiet ġimgħa f'din

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u lil hinn għadis fil-programmazzjoni web.

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Allura ma joqogħdu jinkwetaw jekk inti
assolutament ebda idea kif

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inti tibni l-ideat li
inti jista 'jkollok f'moħħu tiegħek.

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Dan huwa verament ftit funzjoni jisforzaw
biex inti tikseb ħsieb u titkellem

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bil TF tiegħek dwar dan.

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Imma biex jgħinuk ma 'dan, u
ma 'proġetti finali finalment,

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jafu li CS50 għandha tradizzjoni
li joffru seminars.

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>> U dawn huma fakultattivi, idejn fuq,
jew taħdita ibbażat fuq opportunitajiet

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biex jitgħallmu aktar dwar suġġetti li huma
anċillari ftit għall-kors tal

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sillabu, iżda madankollu isbaħ
materjal biex issuq proġetti finali.

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U għalhekk dan hija l-lista li l-
Persunal CS50 hawn fi New Haven

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ma toħroġ bi għall
din is-sena dwar IOS

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, l-ipprogrammar Android
ipprogrammar, iżvilupp tal-kaċċa,

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u għenieqed ta 'għodod aktar
u lingwi u tekniki.

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>> Allura żżomm għajnejk fuq il-websajt tal-CS50 s.

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U fil-frattemp, jekk inti tixtieq li
jirreġistraw l-interess tiegħek fi kwalunkwe minn dawn,

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mur reġistru mmejla CS50 s.

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U aħna mbagħad se segwitu dwar l-
ġranet u l-ħinijiet tat-titjira u l-postijiet

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u everything-- kollox l-aktar se
tkun streaming u disponibbli wkoll fuq talba

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wara jekk inti ma tistax attwalment jagħmilha.

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Allura mingħajr aktar dewmien, aħna
jitħalla 'off aħħar darba bl IKOLLOK.

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>> U dan kien simili il-messaġġ li kien
ġewwa tal-pakkett virtwali, tfakkar,

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li aħna għadda minn router li router li
router bejn web browser u web

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server.

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U li messaġġ stenna
ftit xi ħaġa bħal din.

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Dan kien il-messaġġ aktar arcane li
kien effettivament ġewwa ta 'pakkett

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miktub fuq biċċa karta li
ewwel linja jgħid litteralment, jiksbu slash.

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>> U biss bħala verifika sanità,
dak li għamlet slash jindika?

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X'tagħmel slash jfisser meta
titlob websajt?

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Inti titlob din il-ħin.

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Ħafna kwalunkwe ħin li inti żjara websajt, inti
ma attwalment tip fl-isem fajl.

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You probabbilment biss mur Facebook.com,
jidħlu, gmail.com, jew simili.

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U dak ma slash jirrappreżenta?

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Liema fajl?

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Jew dak page, speċifikament?

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>> L-indiċi, yeah.

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Allura l-paġna default.

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Mela jekk inti ma jispeċifikawx fajl
isem kif aħna ser tibda tara,

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int fil-fatt biss li titlob
agħtini l-paġna default ta 'Facebook

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jew jagħtu me inbox tiegħi jew jagħtu
me il-paġna default ta 'aħbarijiet

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fuq il-websajt CNN jew simili.

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U server mbagħad twieġeb għall
dak il-messaġġ ma 'xi ħaġa

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bħal dan, qal iva, I
jitkellmu verżjoni HTTP 1.1.

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>> 200, li huwa status
kodiċi li aħna bnedmin rarament

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qatt tara għaliex dan huwa tajjeb.

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Għaliex dan ikun ifisser OK, it-talba
waslet u mmaniġġjat sewwa.

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U t-tip kontenut
apparentement fir-rispons

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huwa spiss, imma mhux dejjem, test.

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U speċifikament, HTML.

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U li attwalment
fejn inħarsu lejn llum.

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>> Allura fil-fatt, jien ser imorru
quddiem u jiftħu browser.

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Jien ser tuża Chrome, inti tista 'tuża
aktar xi browser fil-ġimgħat li ġejjin.

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Aħna ġeneralment jirrakkomandaw Chrome
għaliex dan huwa partikolarment

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tajba għall-iżviluppaturi ta 'softwer.

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Huwa ltqajna ħafna ta 'mibnija fil-
għodod li jagħmluha aktar faċli

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biex jiżviluppaw mhux biss HTML u CSS,
affarijiet aħna ser jibda jitkellem dwar llum,

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iżda wkoll f'lingwi oħrajn ukoll.

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>> U jien ser jimxi 'l quddiem u jmorru to--
Jien ser Kontroll click jew dritt

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ikklikkja kullimkien fuq paġna web.

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U jien se jmorru biex Spezzjona Element.

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U jien ser tweak tiegħi
screen biss ftit hawn.

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Let me jimxu dan sal-qiegħ.

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Allura dan huwa dak li sejjaħ
Ispettur Chrome.

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Allura dan huwa bħal debugging
għodda mibnija fis Chrome.

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>> Kollha inti diġà għandhom dan
jekk inti kont qed tuża Chrome.

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U dan jippermetti li inti tara x'inhu għaddej
fuq taħt il-barnuża ta 'xi web page.

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Mela ejja fil-fatt tieħu
ħarsa lejn din kif ġej.

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Huwa għandu karatteristiċi iżjed mod
u aħna kura dwar llum.

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Iżda hemm dawn tabs hawn fuq.

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Elementi, netwerk, is-sorsi,
kalendarju, u xi għalf ieħor.

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Jien ser ikklikkja fuq
Netwerk għal mument.

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>> U huwa ftit kbira
ewwel daqqa t'għajn hawn.

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Imma dak li jien ser tagħmel hu let
me simplifikata ftit.

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Jien ser jduru fuq il-
reġistrazzjoni dawl b'tali mod li huwa aħmar.

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U jien se ngħid jippreservaw log.

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U dan huwa biss ftit
Ħaġa I dehret

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matul iż-żmien li għaddej biex isalva
dak kollu li jiġri fil-browser.

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U issa jien se jmorru
li http://facebook.com.

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>> Attwalment, ejja jagħmlu www
għal miżura tajba, mmejla.

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Ikteb.

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Allura URL li ħafna
inti jista 'jkollok żaru.

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U issa web Facebook
paġna jitla 'fil-quċċata.

146
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U mbagħad mazz sħiħ ta '
Jittieħed tellgħu b'mill-qiegħ.

147
00:07:02,350 --> 00:07:04,830
U fil-fatt, jirriżulta li
meta inti żżur Facebook.com,

148
00:07:04,830 --> 00:07:09,320
int mhux biss tagħmel talba HTTP waħda,
jirriżulta li ser Facebook.com

149
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jibgħat 41 ta 'dawn il-pakketti,
kull mat-talba get tagħha stess,

150
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kif indikat, għalkemm wara l-iskrin
hawn, fil-qiegħ tal-iskrin,

151
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hija tindika li, fil-fatt, tiegħi
browser magħmula 41-talbiet.

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>> U f'totali, li ttrasferixxa 861
kilobytes u hija ħadet għal xi raġuni

153
00:07:29,689 --> 00:07:31,730
daqs tmien sekondi
biex tniżżel kollha ta 'dak.

154
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Allura dak attwalment ftit stramb
dak is-sit Facebook se tieħu dik

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twil, iżda dan ikun hekk f'dan il-każ.

156
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Issa, dan kollu jien ma verament kura
dwar ħlief għat-talba topmost.

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Mela ejja mur dan wieħed dritt hawn
u let me zoom out għal ftit mument.

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>> U let me zoom fl fuq dan.

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Allura dak I ghamilt fil ħallew anki jekk
hemm ħafna għaddej minn hawn

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huwa Stajt enfasizzata
Facebook.com u mbagħad

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Avviż li jien scrolling isfel,
scrolling isfel, scrolling isfel,

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li jitolbu headers.

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U tkun taf tara li Chrome qed juri
me essenzjalment il-kontenut ta 'ġewwa

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tat-talba I magħmula.

165
00:08:02,810 --> 00:08:06,130
Mhuwiex ifformattjar fl pjuttost l-istess
mod, iżda avviż hemm referenza tikseb,

166
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Avviż hemm referenza għall-ospitanti,
Facebook.com, il-passaġġ, jew mmejla,

167
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li huwa l-fajl I mitluba.

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>> U mbagħad jekk jien iscroll
back up, aħna ser fil-fatt

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tara li dak Facebook lura
għalija huwa kollha ta 'dawn headers.

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Allura ġewwa ta 'dak il-pakkett virtwali
tabilħaqq ħafna pari b'valur ewlenin.

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A kelma, kolon, u mbagħad valur.

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A kelma, kolon, u valur.

173
00:08:25,050 --> 00:08:26,160
Dawn huma msejħa headers.

174
00:08:26,160 --> 00:08:31,860
U hemm mod aktar dettall hawn minn
aħna fil-fatt jimpurtahom dritt issa.

175
00:08:31,860 --> 00:08:33,750
>> Iżda dan huwa t-tieni li
aħħar waħda hemm isfel,

176
00:08:33,750 --> 00:08:38,809
avviż, li server Facebook.com, il
tabilħaqq qal hawnhekk jidħol xi test HTML.

177
00:08:38,809 --> 00:08:41,409
Allura dan kollu huwa li jgħidu
li meta inti titlob web

178
00:08:41,409 --> 00:08:44,300
paġna minn browser għal
server, server jirrispondi

179
00:08:44,300 --> 00:08:47,630
b'pakkett tagħha stess
ġewwa tagħhom huwa test.

180
00:08:47,630 --> 00:08:49,020
Fi kliem ieħor, HTML.

181
00:08:49,020 --> 00:08:50,590
HyperText Markup Language.

182
00:08:50,590 --> 00:08:53,200
Liema hija lingwa oħra
li aħna jintroduċu llum

183
00:08:53,200 --> 00:08:57,740
li l-bnedmin jew kompjuters jiġġenera
sabiex jiġu implimentati paġni web.

184
00:08:57,740 --> 00:08:59,580
>> Speċifikament, ejja nħarsu lejn din.

185
00:08:59,580 --> 00:09:03,277
Jien ser issa jmorru lura
għall-websajt Facebook.

186
00:09:03,277 --> 00:09:05,360
U jien ser biss
click kontroll jew ikklikkja dritt

187
00:09:05,360 --> 00:09:07,634
u kklikkja fuq View Page Sors.

188
00:09:07,634 --> 00:09:10,550
U anki jekk inti ma jużawx Chrome,
IE tista 'tagħmel dan, Firefox tista' tagħmel dan,

189
00:09:10,550 --> 00:09:14,060
Safari tista 'tagħmel dan, anki jekk il-menu
għażliet tista 'tidher xi ftit differenti.

190
00:09:14,060 --> 00:09:18,990
U dan huwa l-HTML li Mark u
kumpanija fil Facebook kitbu.

191
00:09:18,990 --> 00:09:24,640
>> U kollettivament, din il-lingwa hawnhekk
timplimenta l-blu u l-paġna abjad

192
00:09:24,640 --> 00:09:26,370
li rajna mument ilu.

193
00:09:26,370 --> 00:09:28,030
Issa, dan huwa daqsxejn qawwija.

194
00:09:28,030 --> 00:09:31,400
Iżda jekk inħarsu up fil-quċċata xellug, aħna qed
ser tibda tara xi mudelli.

195
00:09:31,400 --> 00:09:34,140
Jidher qisu hemm ħafna
minn dawn bracket angolu miftuħ

196
00:09:34,140 --> 00:09:35,970
u allura hemm dan HTML keyword.

197
00:09:35,970 --> 00:09:38,330
Hawn ieħor miftuħa
parentesi angolu u l-kap.

198
00:09:38,330 --> 00:09:41,560
>> Hawnhekk huwa, jekk aħna iscroll
u 'l isfel u' l isfel, jien

199
00:09:41,560 --> 00:09:43,820
se jimxi 'l quddiem u jippruvaw
ta 'tiftix għal xi ħaġa.

200
00:09:43,820 --> 00:09:48,510
Hemm mod fuq ix-lemin
hawnhekk huwa l-korp parentesi miftuħa.

201
00:09:48,510 --> 00:09:50,800
U jitlob lura mingħandhom aħħar
ħin li aħna propost

202
00:09:50,800 --> 00:09:53,364
li l-paġna web sempliċi
li bniedem jista 'jikteb

203
00:09:53,364 --> 00:09:55,030
tista 'tidher ftit xi ħaġa bħal din.

204
00:09:55,030 --> 00:09:58,430
Tag HTML miftuħa, kap miftuħa
tag, tag titolu miftuħa,

205
00:09:58,430 --> 00:10:03,230
imbagħad titolu magħluqa, ras magħluqa, miftuħ
tag ġisem, xi test, korp magħluqa,

206
00:10:03,230 --> 00:10:04,720
HTML magħluqa.

207
00:10:04,720 --> 00:10:06,290
>> Iżda pawża hawn għal ftit mument.

208
00:10:06,290 --> 00:10:09,030
Dan il-kodiċi, anki jekk inti stajt
qatt bil-miktub qabel

209
00:10:09,030 --> 00:10:11,864
iżda xorta ma pjuttost jifhmu
x'inhu għaddej, jistenna pretty tajba.

210
00:10:11,864 --> 00:10:12,821
Dritt, huwa ħafna nadif.

211
00:10:12,821 --> 00:10:14,120
Huwa ħafna stylistically sbieħ.

212
00:10:14,120 --> 00:10:16,190
A lott ta 'indentazzjoni u l-ispazju abjad.

213
00:10:16,190 --> 00:10:18,020
Facebook mhuwiex.

214
00:10:18,020 --> 00:10:23,190
Allura għaliex huwa Facebook tant
agħar minn I fil-kitba HTML?

215
00:10:23,190 --> 00:10:24,310
Apparentement.

216
00:10:24,310 --> 00:10:26,899
>> Dritt, dan huwa bħal wieħed
minn ħamsa għall-istil.

217
00:10:26,899 --> 00:10:29,315
Hemm raġuni konvinċenti
għalihom biex jitnaqqsu dawn kantunieri.

218
00:10:29,315 --> 00:10:31,069

219
00:10:31,069 --> 00:10:33,860
Kull dritt, sabiex dawn ma jridux
jagħmluha eħfef għalik biex taqraha.

220
00:10:33,860 --> 00:10:36,940
Allura f'ċertu sens, dawn qed
obfuscating dan, tip ta 'scrambling li

221
00:10:36,940 --> 00:10:40,260
mill-inqas estetikament hekk
li huwa diffiċli għall Myspace

222
00:10:40,260 --> 00:10:42,705
imorru u RIP off tagħhom
homepage u l-HTML għal dan.

223
00:10:42,705 --> 00:10:45,080
Jirriżulta li ma 'programmi
għalkemm, inkluż Chrome,

224
00:10:45,080 --> 00:10:47,020
nistgħu tnaddaf dan up super faċilment.

225
00:10:47,020 --> 00:10:49,420
Għalhekk mhuwiex pjuttost li bħala r-raġuni.

226
00:10:49,420 --> 00:10:51,290
X'iktar jista 'jkun il-kawża.

227
00:10:51,290 --> 00:10:51,790
Yeah.

228
00:10:51,790 --> 00:10:54,680

229
00:10:54,680 --> 00:10:55,890
Yeah, data ispejjeż ispazju abjad.

230
00:10:55,890 --> 00:10:56,598
Xi trid tfisser?

231
00:10:56,598 --> 00:11:02,250

232
00:11:02,250 --> 00:11:02,979
Yeah, eżattament.

233
00:11:02,979 --> 00:11:06,020
Jekk inti hit-ċavetta Tab 'lott jew il-
bar-ispazju, jikkunsidraw l-implikazzjonijiet.

234
00:11:06,020 --> 00:11:10,060
Allura kull ewlenin fuq it-tastiera tiegħek huwa
[Inaudible] rappreżentati kif byte wieħed.

235
00:11:10,060 --> 00:11:14,560
>> Allura jissoponi li Trade mark jew kwalunkwe mill-devs
dawn il-jiem hits-spacebar darba biss

236
00:11:14,560 --> 00:11:17,899
f'din il-paġna HTML li
jirrappreżenta homepage Facebook.

237
00:11:17,899 --> 00:11:19,690
U Facebook għandha ħafna
ta 'utenti dawn il-jiem.

238
00:11:19,690 --> 00:11:24,030
Allura jissoponi li homepage Facebook
jżuruh biljun nies illum.

239
00:11:24,030 --> 00:11:27,020
U xi ħadd fil Facebook tkun
laqat il-bar-ispazju darba biss.

240
00:11:27,020 --> 00:11:29,890
>> Allura byte wieħed addizzjonali,
biljun talbiet,

241
00:11:29,890 --> 00:11:32,790
kemm aktar data hija Facebook
trasferiment fuq l-internet

242
00:11:32,790 --> 00:11:37,160
minħabba xi ħadd laqat il-
spacebar fuq it-tastiera tiegħu jew tagħha?

243
00:11:37,160 --> 00:11:41,660
A biljun bytes, jew gigabyte wieħed mill
data qed tintbagħat mill servers Facebook

244
00:11:41,660 --> 00:11:43,626
li nies madwar id-
dinja għall-ebda raġuni tajba.

245
00:11:43,626 --> 00:11:44,750
Issa, li jinsab biss spazju wieħed.

246
00:11:44,750 --> 00:11:48,866
>> Immaġina jekk aħna fil-fatt nadif dan
ħaġa up u inċiża u miżjuda

247
00:11:48,866 --> 00:11:50,990
ħafna spazju abjad u
karattri tab u spazji,

248
00:11:50,990 --> 00:11:53,656
inti tispiċċa gigabytes infiq,
jekk mhux terra bytes aktar ta 'spazju.

249
00:11:53,656 --> 00:11:56,640
U hekk super komuni fil-
dinja reali żvilupp tal-web

250
00:11:56,640 --> 00:11:58,950
huwa li minify kodiċi tiegħek.

251
00:11:58,950 --> 00:12:01,280
U aħna ser eventwalment tara
kif inti tista 'tagħmel dan.

252
00:12:01,280 --> 00:12:04,630
>> Imma llum, aħna ser tibda tikteb kodiċi
li fil-fatt tinqara mill us bnedmin.

253
00:12:04,630 --> 00:12:10,120
Jirriżulta, għalkemm, jekk inti tmur lura
għal din l-għodda fil Chrome Spezzjona Element,

254
00:12:10,120 --> 00:12:12,030
qabel, konna fuq il-tab Network.

255
00:12:12,030 --> 00:12:15,430
Jirriżulta li jekk inti tmur għall-
Elementi tab, dak li attwalment tara

256
00:12:15,430 --> 00:12:19,230
huwa tal Chrome pretty stampati
verżjoni ta 'dik l-istess HTML.

257
00:12:19,230 --> 00:12:20,640
Allura konna deobfuscated dan.

258
00:12:20,640 --> 00:12:22,472
Għalhekk l-ebda taqbila għal kompjuter.

259
00:12:22,472 --> 00:12:24,430
U issa inti tista 'attwalment
ikklikkja madwar u tibda

260
00:12:24,430 --> 00:12:27,630
biex tara d-ġerarkija li hija paġna web.

261
00:12:27,630 --> 00:12:28,780
Mela ejja fil-fatt jagħmlu dan.

262
00:12:28,780 --> 00:12:32,120
Jien ser jimxi 'l quddiem u tiftaħ fuq
Mac tiegħi program imsejjaħ jeditjaw test.

263
00:12:32,120 --> 00:12:35,490
U tfakkar li dan huwa biss
programm test super sempliċi.

264
00:12:35,490 --> 00:12:37,490
Windows għandha notepad.exe.

265
00:12:37,490 --> 00:12:39,820
U jien ser verbatim
tip li ġej.

266
00:12:39,820 --> 00:12:44,650
Dok tip HTML, parentesi miftuħa
HTML, magħluqa parentesi HTML,

267
00:12:44,650 --> 00:12:49,000
għandna l-kap tal-paġna hawn,
l-aħħar tal-kap tal-paġna hawn,

268
00:12:49,000 --> 00:12:52,310
titolu se jkun simili, bonjour dinja.

269
00:12:52,310 --> 00:12:56,660
>> U mbagħad stabbiliti hawn, għandna bżonn
il-korp tal-paġna web.

270
00:12:56,660 --> 00:12:58,050
Korp magħluqa.

271
00:12:58,050 --> 00:13:00,700
U mbagħad fil hawn, bonjour dinja.

272
00:13:00,700 --> 00:13:01,270
Kull dritt.

273
00:13:01,270 --> 00:13:03,350
Allura konna bil-miktub web page super fast.

274
00:13:03,350 --> 00:13:06,675
Jien ser ħlief bħala
hello.html fuq id-desktop tiegħi.

275
00:13:06,675 --> 00:13:09,050
My Mac se jilmentaw,
ħsieb li, stenna minuta,

276
00:13:09,050 --> 00:13:11,091
dan huwa fajl test, do
inti tixtieq li hija sejħa Txt?

277
00:13:11,091 --> 00:13:13,300
Imma l-ebda, I jridu jużaw dot HTML.

278
00:13:13,300 --> 00:13:16,140
>> U allura x'hemm sbieħ jekk I
biss ikklikkja darbtejn dan il-fajl,

279
00:13:16,140 --> 00:13:18,600
hello.html, hawnhekk page web tiegħi.

280
00:13:18,600 --> 00:13:22,564
Sfortunatament, I am-
unika persuna fid-dinja

281
00:13:22,564 --> 00:13:23,980
li jistgħu jżuru din il-paġna dritt issa.

282
00:13:23,980 --> 00:13:26,734
Dan għaliex meta ma jgħix apparentament?

283
00:13:26,734 --> 00:13:27,650
Huwa fuq Mac tiegħi, id-dritt?

284
00:13:27,650 --> 00:13:28,470
Liema hija inutli.

285
00:13:28,470 --> 00:13:30,390
Bħall-ebda wieħed f'din il-kamra
aħseb u ara fuq l-internet

286
00:13:30,390 --> 00:13:31,598
tista 'attwalment jżuru dik il-paġna.

287
00:13:31,598 --> 00:13:33,820
Hekk illum, għandna bżonn li
jintroduċu element ieħor.

288
00:13:33,820 --> 00:13:36,720
>> U biex tagħmel dan, jien ser
imorru quddiem u tiftaħ sħaba 9.

289
00:13:36,720 --> 00:13:40,090
Allura sħaba 9 huwa naturalment
sħaba service-- bbażata CS50

290
00:13:40,090 --> 00:13:44,890
IDE-- Li għandu l postijiet tax-xogħol tagħna
taħdem x'imkien fuq l-internet.

291
00:13:44,890 --> 00:13:48,330
U dan ifisser li kollha ta 'fajls tagħna
huma aċċessibbli għall-pubbliku diġà.

292
00:13:48,330 --> 00:13:49,830
Mela ejja imorru quddiem u tagħmel dan.

293
00:13:49,830 --> 00:13:53,670
Jien ser jimxi 'l quddiem u
toħloq fajl ġdid NCS50IDE.

294
00:13:53,670 --> 00:13:58,819
Jien ser tiffranka tagħha bħal qabel
kif hello.html u kklikkja jiffrankaw.

295
00:13:58,819 --> 00:14:01,860
U issa biss biex jiffrankaw il-ħin, jien ser
li jimxi 'l quddiem u kopja paste dan il-kodiċi

296
00:14:01,860 --> 00:14:03,470
minflok retype dan.

297
00:14:03,470 --> 00:14:04,550
U isalvawh.

298
00:14:04,550 --> 00:14:07,550
U hekk issa għandi
fajl imsejħa hello.html.

299
00:14:07,550 --> 00:14:09,710
Imma kif nista attwalment
tiftħu bħala page web?

300
00:14:09,710 --> 00:14:14,120
Ukoll, jirriżulta l-mibnija biex CS50
IDE mhux biss kompilatur bħal clang

301
00:14:14,120 --> 00:14:16,670
u debugger bħal GDB u
għenieqed ta 'programmi oħra,

302
00:14:16,670 --> 00:14:21,140
hemm attwalment żviluppata sħiħa
web server jaħdem fi żmien CS50 IDE.

303
00:14:21,140 --> 00:14:23,900
>> Lilkom kollha, jiġifieri,
jkollhom web server tiegħek stess.

304
00:14:23,900 --> 00:14:26,850
U web server huwa biss biċċa
ta 'softwer li l-iskop fil-ħajja

305
00:14:26,850 --> 00:14:28,220
huwa li jservi up paġni web.

306
00:14:28,220 --> 00:14:32,490
Biex jisimgħu għal talbiet mill-browsers u
jirrispondu b'pakketti virtwali ftit

307
00:14:32,490 --> 00:14:35,290
ġewwa tiegħu huwa l-
kontenut li stajt bil-miktub.

308
00:14:35,290 --> 00:14:38,372
Allura dan web server huwa
sors attwalment ħielsa u miftuħa.

309
00:14:38,372 --> 00:14:40,830
Fejn sors miftuħ ifisser biss
software li xi ħadd ieħor ħa

310
00:14:40,830 --> 00:14:43,480
bil-miktub li lkoll jistgħu
attwalment ara u tniżżel u anki

311
00:14:43,480 --> 00:14:44,780
tibdel il-kodiċi tas-sors.

312
00:14:44,780 --> 00:14:46,150
U huwa msejjaħ Apache.

313
00:14:46,150 --> 00:14:51,450
>> U aħna ħadna ftit aktar faċli biex
użu fil CS50IDE billi ssejjaħ dan Apache 50.

314
00:14:51,450 --> 00:14:53,780
Sabiex ikun jista 'attwalment
jifhmu li ġej.

315
00:14:53,780 --> 00:14:56,560
Jien se ngħid Apache 50 bidu.

316
00:14:56,560 --> 00:14:58,910
U mbagħad jien biss se ngħid dot.

317
00:14:58,910 --> 00:15:01,080
U naraw xi ftit
messaġġ arcane qal

318
00:15:01,080 --> 00:15:04,640
iffissar dokument Apache ta [? grupp?]
lejn id-dar, ubuntu, tkun xi tkun li tkun,

319
00:15:04,640 --> 00:15:05,770
mmejla workspace.

320
00:15:05,770 --> 00:15:08,280
Bidu web server
Apache 2 b'suċċess.

321
00:15:08,280 --> 00:15:11,330
>> Allura storja twila fil-qosor, I
għadek imbuttat buttuna

322
00:15:11,330 --> 00:15:18,000
u mdawwar fuq web server li issa
jisimgħu fuq l-internet fuq il-port TCP

323
00:15:18,000 --> 00:15:20,587
80 f'indirizz speċifiku.

324
00:15:20,587 --> 00:15:22,420
U jgħid hawnhekk, u
dan se bidla li hi bbażata

325
00:15:22,420 --> 00:15:26,550
fuq username tiegħek u fatturi oħra,
imma avviż issa jekk I ikklikkja dan,

326
00:15:26,550 --> 00:15:30,211
IDE50 dot jharvard u hekk u
hekk, avviż li dan il-ħin

327
00:15:30,211 --> 00:15:31,960
għall-aħħar diversi
ġimgħat, inti jista 'jkollok

328
00:15:31,960 --> 00:15:35,200
ndunat li username tiegħek stess
huwa inkorporat fl-idejn kantuniera

329
00:15:35,200 --> 00:15:37,130
kantuniera ta 'CS50IDE.

330
00:15:37,130 --> 00:15:41,050
>> U li attwalment kien dan kollu
żmien l-indirizz li fih tista

331
00:15:41,050 --> 00:15:43,574
żjara kollha ta 'fajls tiegħek permezz tal-web.

332
00:15:43,574 --> 00:15:45,990
Sa issa, ma mattered,
minħabba fis-C, inti ġeneralment

333
00:15:45,990 --> 00:15:48,073
tixtieq affarijiet running fil-
terminal, mhux fuq il-web.

334
00:15:48,073 --> 00:15:50,800
Imma llum, nibdew
miktub web ibbażat kodiċi

335
00:15:50,800 --> 00:15:53,350
li rridu nagħmlu
aċċessibbli fuq URLs pubbliċi.

336
00:15:53,350 --> 00:15:56,100
Allura dak li jien ser
tagħmel huwa ikklikkja din URL.

337
00:15:56,100 --> 00:16:00,880
>> U tinnota li nara pjuttost
indiċi ikrah, lista tad-direttorju,

338
00:16:00,880 --> 00:16:04,090
imma dak fajl jumps fil inti probabilment?

339
00:16:04,090 --> 00:16:05,210
Hello.html.

340
00:16:05,210 --> 00:16:07,870
Dan għaliex I ffrankati
l-fajl fil workspace tiegħi.

341
00:16:07,870 --> 00:16:12,310
U dak li stajt told Apache-web server
huwa ħarsa fil-direttorju workspace David.

342
00:16:12,310 --> 00:16:15,300
U let xi ħadd fil-
dinja tara dawn il-fajls.

343
00:16:15,300 --> 00:16:19,050
>> U fil-fatt, jekk I issa
ikklikkja fuq hello.html,

344
00:16:19,050 --> 00:16:22,180
Nara fi ħdan dan tab eżattament dan il-fajl.

345
00:16:22,180 --> 00:16:26,430
Issa avviż, sħaba 9 qed jagħmel
xi ftit utli għalina.

346
00:16:26,430 --> 00:16:29,480
Fi ħdan IDE CS50, avviż hemm
f'daqqa waħda bar indirizz.

347
00:16:29,480 --> 00:16:33,690
Dak għax anke jekk aħna qed
użu Chrome biex iżuru CS50IDE,

348
00:16:33,690 --> 00:16:37,940
ġewwa tal CS50IDE huwa tagħha stess
Verżjoni ta 'web browser dritt issa.

349
00:16:37,940 --> 00:16:40,820
U hekk milli
jikkomplika l-affarijiet bħala tali,

350
00:16:40,820 --> 00:16:42,955
Jien ser jimxi 'l quddiem
u biss kopja dan il-URL.

351
00:16:42,955 --> 00:16:45,330
Jien ser jimxi 'l quddiem u biss
miftuħa tieqa tiegħi stess Chrome.

352
00:16:45,330 --> 00:16:47,800
Hekk hemm ebda magic hawn, l-ebda CS50IDE.

353
00:16:47,800 --> 00:16:51,800
Jien biss ser litteralment paste
J Harvard tiegħi URL u hit Ikteb.

354
00:16:51,800 --> 00:16:54,750
U voila, issa I, u
fit-teorija, kulħadd

355
00:16:54,750 --> 00:16:57,700
fuq l-internet, jekk stajt konfigurati
permessi b'mod xieraq,

356
00:16:57,700 --> 00:16:58,720
jistgħu jżuru dan il-fajl.

357
00:16:58,720 --> 00:17:03,230
U hekk issa, jekk I said
hello.html, voila, hemm

358
00:17:03,230 --> 00:17:06,366
huwa page tiegħi web oerhört underwhelming.

359
00:17:06,366 --> 00:17:07,740
Mela ejja tagħmel verifika sanità malajr.

360
00:17:07,740 --> 00:17:09,710
Minħabba kollha ta 'dak
huwa kunċettwali set up.

361
00:17:09,710 --> 00:17:13,180
U aħna ħadthom attwalment ma verament
mgħallma kif jiktbu HTML per se inti.

362
00:17:13,180 --> 00:17:16,084
Kwalunkwe mistoqsijiet s'issa
fuq dak li ġara biss?

363
00:17:16,084 --> 00:17:18,549

364
00:17:18,549 --> 00:17:19,049
Iva.

365
00:17:19,049 --> 00:17:24,290

366
00:17:24,290 --> 00:17:25,800
Ma CS50 stess dawn il-paġni web?

367
00:17:25,800 --> 00:17:26,460
F'liema sens?

368
00:17:26,460 --> 00:17:28,947

369
00:17:28,947 --> 00:17:29,530
Tajba kwistjoni.

370
00:17:29,530 --> 00:17:32,429
Allura s CS50 tippossjedi CS50.io.

371
00:17:32,429 --> 00:17:33,970
Imxejna tabilħaqq mixtrija dak l-isem tad-dominju.

372
00:17:33,970 --> 00:17:37,240
U min-natura ta 'inti guys
jillogja CS50IDE,

373
00:17:37,240 --> 00:17:39,270
inti kollha jiksbu dak li sejjaħ subdomain.

374
00:17:39,270 --> 00:17:46,840
>> Allura IDE50-Malan, jew IDE50-Rob.CS50.io,
li l-indirizz uniku tiegħek fi żmien

375
00:17:46,840 --> 00:17:47,730
isem tad-dominju tagħna.

376
00:17:47,730 --> 00:17:50,850
Dan għall-finijiet tal-kors,
għandek indirizz uniku tiegħek stess.

377
00:17:50,850 --> 00:17:55,150
Iżda aħna ħadthom simplifikata affarijiet mill
jixtru l-dominju tal-ogħla livell, CS50 dot

378
00:17:55,150 --> 00:17:58,050
I / O u mbagħad kulħadd huwa
ġewwa ta 'dan, biex ngħidu hekk.

379
00:17:58,050 --> 00:17:59,890
U aħna ser terga 'lura għal dik
fi ftit ġimgħat probabbilment,

380
00:17:59,890 --> 00:18:01,930
speċjalment fil-proġett finali
żmien, meta xi wħud minnkom

381
00:18:01,930 --> 00:18:03,596
tista 'tixtieq li tikseb l-ismijiet tad-dominju tiegħek stess.

382
00:18:03,596 --> 00:18:06,270
Huwa fil-fatt relattivament
sempliċi.

383
00:18:06,270 --> 00:18:06,770
Kull dritt.

384
00:18:06,770 --> 00:18:07,880
Mela ejja issa tagħmel dan.

385
00:18:07,880 --> 00:18:11,910
Jien se jmorru lura fis
CS50IDE, fejn file tiegħi dritt issa,

386
00:18:11,910 --> 00:18:14,710
hello.html, mhux kollha li interessanti.

387
00:18:14,710 --> 00:18:17,130
I tixtieq tagħmel xi ħaġa
ftit nicer minn dak.

388
00:18:17,130 --> 00:18:19,440
Hekk jien se jagħmlu xi ħaġa bħal din.

389
00:18:19,440 --> 00:18:21,510
Let me paragraphs.html miftuħa.

390
00:18:21,510 --> 00:18:23,560
Allura dan huwa fajl I kiteb bil-quddiem.

391
00:18:23,560 --> 00:18:26,480
Fil-quċċata ta 'dan, bħal
dejjem, aħna għandna kummenti.

392
00:18:26,480 --> 00:18:28,730
Iżda fil HTML, kummenti
tfittex ftit differenti.

393
00:18:28,730 --> 00:18:33,270
On-line tlieta u linja 14, inti
tara l-sintassi għall jibdew kumment

394
00:18:33,270 --> 00:18:34,020
u tispiċċa kumment.

395
00:18:34,020 --> 00:18:36,820
>> Iżda ħadd tal-għalf fil
bejn kwistjonijiet funzjonalment.

396
00:18:36,820 --> 00:18:40,250
Huwa biss nota lil
bniedem x'inhu għaddej hawn.

397
00:18:40,250 --> 00:18:43,040
U biss bħala sanità malajr
jikkontrolla, jekk I iscroll down,

398
00:18:43,040 --> 00:18:46,820
x'inhu l-ġdida ovvju
tag li konna introdotti?

399
00:18:46,820 --> 00:18:52,130
Il-lametti s'issa Rajna huma miftuħa
parentesi HTML, ras, titolu, u l-korp.

400
00:18:52,130 --> 00:18:54,400
Imma x'hemm ovvjament ġdid issa?

401
00:18:54,400 --> 00:18:55,200
>> Yeah, hekk p.

402
00:18:55,200 --> 00:18:57,320
Il-lametta p jew il-paragrafu tag.

403
00:18:57,320 --> 00:19:01,182
U mbagħad I biss mislufa xi nuqqas
Test Latin li jikkostitwixxi paragrafi tiegħi.

404
00:19:01,182 --> 00:19:03,390
Minħabba dak li ridt
juru huwa kif inti tista '

405
00:19:03,390 --> 00:19:05,859
jirrappreżentaw paragrafi ta 'test fil-HTML.

406
00:19:05,859 --> 00:19:08,400
U hekk dak li jibdew jiġri
hawnhekk hija li hemm diġà

407
00:19:08,400 --> 00:19:09,657
mudell jiżviluppaw.

408
00:19:09,657 --> 00:19:10,990
U let me imorru quddiem u tagħmel dan.

409
00:19:10,990 --> 00:19:12,760
Let me ewwel itfi Apache.

410
00:19:12,760 --> 00:19:17,340
U jien ser jgħidlek li tibda innifsu
darb'oħra ġewwa tal-lum sors seba

411
00:19:17,340 --> 00:19:18,420
direttorju m.

412
00:19:18,420 --> 00:19:20,100
I hekk li jkollhom aċċess għal kollox.

413
00:19:20,100 --> 00:19:22,230
>> U issa, jekk immur lura għall
dan elenkar tad-direttorju,

414
00:19:22,230 --> 00:19:24,846
Avviż nara kull fajl mil-lum.

415
00:19:24,846 --> 00:19:26,720
U tkun taf tara fil-
sett problema li jmiss, aħna ser

416
00:19:26,720 --> 00:19:28,594
jagħtik struzzjonijiet
biex isir eżattament dan.

417
00:19:28,594 --> 00:19:35,210
Jekk I miftuħa paragraphs.html, dan jista
kif ukoll dehra ta 'lingwa ta' programmar

418
00:19:35,210 --> 00:19:36,970
lilek jekk inti ma titkellimx jew ma taqra Latina.

419
00:19:36,970 --> 00:19:40,525
Iżda din hija biss tliet paragrafi
ta 'test li huma mmarkati fil HTML.

420
00:19:40,525 --> 00:19:43,100
>> U avviż l-paragrafu
pawżi bejniethom.

421
00:19:43,100 --> 00:19:46,400
Minħabba jirriżulta,
u anki jekk inti

422
00:19:46,400 --> 00:19:49,210
jistgħu jiġu mħeġġa biex jagħmlu dan,
billi fid-dinja reali,

423
00:19:49,210 --> 00:19:51,370
jekk inti tixtieq li tqiegħed linja
waqfiet bejn affarijiet,

424
00:19:51,370 --> 00:19:55,680
inti tista 'sempliċement
tagħmel dan u hit Save.

425
00:19:55,680 --> 00:19:59,460
U issa, jekk I rikarigu hawn, avviż
li kollox biss ċċajpar flimkien

426
00:19:59,460 --> 00:20:01,100
wieħed biss blob ta 'test.

427
00:20:01,100 --> 00:20:03,570
Minħabba HTML huwa tip ta 'lingwa dumb.

428
00:20:03,570 --> 00:20:07,230
>> Huwa maħsub biex jintuża bħal
b'mod li l-browser se biss

429
00:20:07,230 --> 00:20:09,920
do espliċitu dak li għid li tagħmel.

430
00:20:09,920 --> 00:20:12,890
Mela jekk inti ma għid
tagħti me paragrafu ġdid,

431
00:20:12,890 --> 00:20:14,569
int mhux ser tara paragrafu ġdid.

432
00:20:14,569 --> 00:20:16,360
U fil-fatt, dak li l-
browser għaddej biex tagħmel

433
00:20:16,360 --> 00:20:20,020
huwa saħansitra jekk inti hit Ikteb,
ejja ngħidu għal darb'oħra u għal darb'oħra

434
00:20:20,020 --> 00:20:23,190
u għal darb'oħra, li jiċċaqalqu b'dan il-mod it-test
isfel fuq l-iskrin u mbagħad ħlief

435
00:20:23,190 --> 00:20:26,610
u mbagħad rikarigu, il-browser huwa għaddej
għall-kollass kollha ta 'dak l-ispazju abjad

436
00:20:26,610 --> 00:20:29,021
fi ftit, whitespace waħda viżibbli.

437
00:20:29,021 --> 00:20:29,520
Kull dritt.

438
00:20:29,520 --> 00:20:30,869
Allura dak l-paragrafu tag.

439
00:20:30,869 --> 00:20:32,910
U hekk x'inhu l-mudell
li l-iżvilupp hawn?

440
00:20:32,910 --> 00:20:37,450
Ukoll, jidher li jkun il-każ li
HTML hija kollha dwar bidu ta 'tag

441
00:20:37,450 --> 00:20:38,460
u li jispiċċa tag.

442
00:20:38,460 --> 00:20:39,300
U dak huwa tag?

443
00:20:39,300 --> 00:20:41,160
Ukoll, huwa biss blokki ta 'sintassi.

444
00:20:41,160 --> 00:20:44,400
Parentesi miftuħa, keyword,
parentesi magħluqa, huwa tag.

445
00:20:44,400 --> 00:20:45,510
Jew jibdew tag.

446
00:20:45,510 --> 00:20:48,590
U allura meta int
isir tesprimi lilek innifsek,

447
00:20:48,590 --> 00:20:52,300
kif fil inti qed isir mal-paragrafu,
tagħmel hekk biex ngħidu oppost.

448
00:20:52,300 --> 00:20:55,480
Iżda l-oppost huwa pjuttost mhux lura.

449
00:20:55,480 --> 00:21:00,630
>> Inti sempliċiment prefiss-istess tal-lametta
isem bil-quddiem mmejla bħal dan.

450
00:21:00,630 --> 00:21:01,130
Kull dritt.

451
00:21:01,130 --> 00:21:02,570
Allura mhux kollha li eċċitanti.

452
00:21:02,570 --> 00:21:05,270
U fil-fatt, aħna mhux qed jagħmlu l-
web li kollha aktar interessanti.

453
00:21:05,270 --> 00:21:07,630
X'jiġri jekk I tixtieq li tagħmel
affarijiet akbar u kuraġġużi?

454
00:21:07,630 --> 00:21:11,780
Għalhekk jirriżulta li hawnhekk eżempju
fil headings.html, fejn fil-ġisem tiegħi,

455
00:21:11,780 --> 00:21:17,280
Stajt ltqajna tag H1, H2, H3,
erba ', ħames, jew sitt, li kollha

456
00:21:17,280 --> 00:21:18,310
jidhru pretty arcane.

457
00:21:18,310 --> 00:21:21,010
Imma jekk immur tiftaħ dan
eżempju, ejja tagħti ħarsa.

458
00:21:21,010 --> 00:21:22,490
Headings.html.

459
00:21:22,490 --> 00:21:27,030
>> Allura browsers awtomatikament jistgħu jagħtuk test
li l-kbir u ambizzjuz ta 'daqsijiet differenti.

460
00:21:27,030 --> 00:21:28,070
H1 huwa kbir.

461
00:21:28,070 --> 00:21:31,240
H6 hija iżgħar u mbagħad
kull ħaġa oħra bejniethom.

462
00:21:31,240 --> 00:21:34,170
Allura dak interessanti iżda xorta
mhuwiex verament il-web Naf.

463
00:21:34,170 --> 00:21:36,870
X'jiġri jekk irridu li għandi
xi ħaġa bħal lista. .

464
00:21:36,870 --> 00:21:40,190
Allura hawnhekk lista bulleted ta
tlieta ta 'djar Harvard.

465
00:21:40,190 --> 00:21:41,600
>> Kif sirt tmur dwar kif isir dan?

466
00:21:41,600 --> 00:21:45,410
Well, tagħti ħarsa lejn list.html.

467
00:21:45,410 --> 00:21:47,870
U hawn, naraw
Ftit ftit ta 'funkiness

468
00:21:47,870 --> 00:21:49,630
imma ejja jikkunsidraw dak li qed jiġri.

469
00:21:49,630 --> 00:21:56,182
Allura ibbażati fuq dak li inti stajt biss tidher,
UL stands għall lista unordered.

470
00:21:56,182 --> 00:21:57,640
Lista unordered biss tfisser bulleted.

471
00:21:57,640 --> 00:21:58,431
M'hemm l-ebda numri.

472
00:21:58,431 --> 00:22:01,850
Hemm ukoll xi ħaġa imsejjaħ
ordnat lista, li hija OL fil tag.

473
00:22:01,850 --> 00:22:05,350
Imbagħad LI, punt lista hija kollha tfisser.

474
00:22:05,350 --> 00:22:07,790
>> U għalhekk awtomatikament
numri kollox għalik.

475
00:22:07,790 --> 00:22:11,270
Iżda għal darb'oħra, kollha tal-indentazzjoni tiegħi
u l-ispazju abjad huwa biss għall-finijiet tiegħi.

476
00:22:11,270 --> 00:22:13,050
Il-browser mhux
fil-fatt se kura.

477
00:22:13,050 --> 00:22:16,670
Għalhekk anki jekk inti ma setgħux
tagħmel dan, biss biex tkun ċara,

478
00:22:16,670 --> 00:22:19,880
inti m'għandekx anki jekk
il-browser xorta se

479
00:22:19,880 --> 00:22:22,130
ikunu kapaċi jifhmu hija biss multa.

480
00:22:22,130 --> 00:22:24,590
Jien laqtu rikarigu fil tiegħi
browser, jien tikklikkja rikarigu

481
00:22:24,590 --> 00:22:26,760
u l-ebda bidla li qed jiġri
minħabba li l-browser xorta

482
00:22:26,760 --> 00:22:29,550
tagħmel eżattament dak I għid li tagħmel.

483
00:22:29,550 --> 00:22:30,050
>> Kull dritt.

484
00:22:30,050 --> 00:22:31,340
Allura din hija kollha biss test.

485
00:22:31,340 --> 00:22:33,730
Issa ejja nagħmlu xi ħaġa aktar interessanti.

486
00:22:33,730 --> 00:22:36,660
Jien ser jimxi 'l quddiem u
jissellef xi ftit minn din HTML.

487
00:22:36,660 --> 00:22:40,910
Jien ser jimxi 'l quddiem u
toħloq fajl ġdid hawn.

488
00:22:40,910 --> 00:22:43,370
U aħna ser sejħa dan rick.html.

489
00:22:43,370 --> 00:22:46,190

490
00:22:46,190 --> 00:22:48,916
Għandna sproporzjonat
xi ħaġa użati

491
00:22:48,916 --> 00:22:51,290
imsejħa roll rick f'dan
klassi din is-sena, I do not know,

492
00:22:51,290 --> 00:22:53,880
hija biss ġara organikament.

493
00:22:53,880 --> 00:22:55,397
>> U issa huwa ltqajna barra mill-kontroll.

494
00:22:55,397 --> 00:22:56,730
Hekk jien biss se jmorru magħha.

495
00:22:56,730 --> 00:22:59,700
U jekk immur Google
Stampi u Rick Astley.

496
00:22:59,700 --> 00:23:02,450

497
00:23:02,450 --> 00:23:06,170
Jekk inti ma taf għaliex aħna nagħmlu
dan, biss taqra fuq Wikipedija.

498
00:23:06,170 --> 00:23:11,520
Kull darba li inti stajt għafast fuq il-link,
xi ħadd kien laughing x'imkien.

499
00:23:11,520 --> 00:23:14,860
U let me go ahead-- hemm
immorru, ejja tara din id-dehra.

500
00:23:14,860 --> 00:23:16,750
>> Allura hawnhekk għandna
immaġini fil Google Images.

501
00:23:16,750 --> 00:23:19,390
U ejja nassumu li din hija
raġonevolment kullimkien fuq l-internet.

502
00:23:19,390 --> 00:23:22,570
Hekk jien ser jassumi huwa OK għalija
li attwalment twettaq dan page web tiegħi.

503
00:23:22,570 --> 00:23:24,820
Jien ser jimxi 'l quddiem
u kopja image URL.

504
00:23:24,820 --> 00:23:28,600
U issa jekk immur lura għall Cloud
9, ejja ara dak I tista 'tagħmel hawn.

505
00:23:28,600 --> 00:23:30,630
Allura hawnhekk huwa biss web page.

506
00:23:30,630 --> 00:23:39,020
Dan huwa Rick Astley, haha,
Jien ser issa jmorru lura

507
00:23:39,020 --> 00:23:43,510
lill-browser tiegħi, rikarigu, u interessanti.

508
00:23:43,510 --> 00:23:44,530
>> Fejn hi Rick?

509
00:23:44,530 --> 00:23:46,050
So let me tara dak li ġara.

510
00:23:46,050 --> 00:23:49,114
Fil-fatt, jien ser
nippretendu bħal I ma tagħmel dan.

511
00:23:49,114 --> 00:23:50,280
[Inaudible] jniżżlu fil hawn.

512
00:23:50,280 --> 00:23:52,520
Aħna ser terga 'lura għal li fil-mument.

513
00:23:52,520 --> 00:23:54,200
Allura hawnhekk rick.html.

514
00:23:54,200 --> 00:23:56,070
B'tali mod li ma Rick Astley.

515
00:23:56,070 --> 00:23:59,680
Għalhekk jirriżulta li nistgħu
attwalment żid lilu fil hawn.

516
00:23:59,680 --> 00:24:00,830
Dan huwa Rick Astley.

517
00:24:00,830 --> 00:24:06,680
Jien se ngħid tagħti me immaġni li
sors huwa l-URL I biss kkupjati, li

518
00:24:06,680 --> 00:24:09,110
apparentement huwa kuntenti
xi ħaġa birthday jew ieħor.

519
00:24:09,110 --> 00:24:13,280
>> U issa jien se
tagħlaq il-lametta bħal dan.

520
00:24:13,280 --> 00:24:15,170
Allura dan huwa tgeżwir twil super.

521
00:24:15,170 --> 00:24:17,740
Iżda avviż li kollha stajt
jsir huwa image parentesi miftuħa,

522
00:24:17,740 --> 00:24:20,270
sors ma 'attribut ta' dan.

523
00:24:20,270 --> 00:24:21,530
U huwa URL verament twila.

524
00:24:21,530 --> 00:24:23,720
U fl-aħħar nett, avviż dan.

525
00:24:23,720 --> 00:24:29,530
Slash Għaliex I għamlu bracket angolata
minflok, bħal kull tag oħra,

526
00:24:29,530 --> 00:24:33,590
jkollhom parentesi miftuħa,
IMG, magħluqa parentesi?

527
00:24:33,590 --> 00:24:37,040
Ħu raden anki jekk inti
m'għandhom l-ebda familjarità tkun xi tkun

528
00:24:37,040 --> 00:24:40,410
ma HTML qabel.

529
00:24:40,410 --> 00:24:42,710
>> Għalhekk huwa kif jagħlaq
il-kmand, iżda għaliex

530
00:24:42,710 --> 00:24:45,850
ma jkunx verament tagħmel intuwittivi
sens li jagħmlu xi ħaġa ftit aktar

531
00:24:45,850 --> 00:24:48,820
verbose bħal immaġni qrib?

532
00:24:48,820 --> 00:24:51,400
Yeah.

533
00:24:51,400 --> 00:24:52,000
Yeah.

534
00:24:52,000 --> 00:24:55,620
Just naħa semantika, hemm ebda sens ta '
bidu ta 'immaġni u jispiċċa immaġni,

535
00:24:55,620 --> 00:24:56,870
huwa jew hemmhekk jew mhuwiex.

536
00:24:56,870 --> 00:25:00,960
Għalhekk ma jagħmilx sens li tħalli lakuna
għal xi ħaġa oħra ġewwa ta 'immaġni.

537
00:25:00,960 --> 00:25:02,010
Inti sempliċiment ma tistax tagħmel dan.

538
00:25:02,010 --> 00:25:03,720
U għalhekk l-sintassi
ġeneralment ikun biss

539
00:25:03,720 --> 00:25:07,910
li jagħmlu l-quddiem mmejla ġewwa
tal-lametta miftuħa jew it-tikketta bidu

540
00:25:07,910 --> 00:25:09,020
u mbagħad hit Save.

541
00:25:09,020 --> 00:25:13,350
>> Mela jekk jien issa rikarigu dan il-fajl, issa
Stajt ltqajna web page tisjir tajba hawn.

542
00:25:13,350 --> 00:25:15,100
U nistgħu ċertament
verament idejqu nies

543
00:25:15,100 --> 00:25:17,010
billi jintegra minflok
bħal link YouTube.

544
00:25:17,010 --> 00:25:19,350
U fil-fatt, f'kull żmien
inti stajt qatt marret għall YouTube,

545
00:25:19,350 --> 00:25:22,190
u let me attwalment aċċidentalment
rick roll myself hawn.

546
00:25:22,190 --> 00:25:25,770
Allura Rick roll.

547
00:25:25,770 --> 00:25:29,592
So rick roll-- jien se jmorru hawn.

548
00:25:29,592 --> 00:25:31,900
>> [Daqq tal-mużika]

549
00:25:31,900 --> 00:25:33,730
>> OK, persuna waħda gustado dan.

550
00:25:33,730 --> 00:25:37,270
Allura avviż dan il-ħin, jekk inti
ikklikkja l-link Share, inti naturalment

551
00:25:37,270 --> 00:25:41,390
jiksbu l-URL li inti tista 'attwalment
ssodata fl-email jew immaġni forensika

552
00:25:41,390 --> 00:25:43,730
jew fi problema stabbiliti jew slide.

553
00:25:43,730 --> 00:25:49,055
U issa, jekk I minflok ikklikkja fuq ssodata,
avviż li dan il-ħin, dan il-għalf

554
00:25:49,055 --> 00:25:49,680
kien hemm.

555
00:25:49,680 --> 00:25:50,910
Jien ser jimxi 'l quddiem u kopja dan.

556
00:25:50,910 --> 00:25:54,000
>> U biss hekk nistgħu naraw aħjar, jien
se paste fil editur test tiegħi.

557
00:25:54,000 --> 00:25:55,860
Avviż li dan dak
YouTube ġie tghidlek.

558
00:25:55,860 --> 00:25:57,693
Kull darba li żżur
YouTube video, jekk inti

559
00:25:57,693 --> 00:26:00,410
tixtieq ssodata l-video fuq tiegħek
paġna tal-web, sempliċiment grab din.

560
00:26:00,410 --> 00:26:03,350
Allura dan huwa pass ieħor
Tag HTML jissejjaħ iframe.

561
00:26:03,350 --> 00:26:04,590
Jew fil-qafas linja.

562
00:26:04,590 --> 00:26:08,680
Allura wisq jistenna ftit aktar
kumplessi minn-oħrajn kollha.

563
00:26:08,680 --> 00:26:11,950
Għalhekk jirriżulta li l-immaġini
tag u apparentement l tag iframe

564
00:26:11,950 --> 00:26:13,370
jieħdu liema huma msejħa attributi.

565
00:26:13,370 --> 00:26:15,710
>> U dan huwa pass ieħor
biċċa sintassi HTML.

566
00:26:15,710 --> 00:26:19,240
Minbarra l-tal tag
isem, open-isem tag parentesi,

567
00:26:19,240 --> 00:26:23,780
inti tista 'tikkontrolla l-imġiba tal-lametta
billi jkun hemm mazz sħiħ ta 'attribut

568
00:26:23,780 --> 00:26:24,860
ugwali valur.

569
00:26:24,860 --> 00:26:26,290
Attribut ugwali valur.

570
00:26:26,290 --> 00:26:28,100
U għalhekk per eżempju,
YouTube huwa tgħidilna

571
00:26:28,100 --> 00:26:31,990
jekk trid li l-wisa 'ta' dan il-video
li jkun 420 pixels u l-għoli

572
00:26:31,990 --> 00:26:35,470
li jkun 315 pixels, li
kif inti tesprimi dan fil HTML.

573
00:26:35,470 --> 00:26:38,480
>> Is-sors tal-video li qed jiġri
biex tkun li URL YouTube twil

574
00:26:38,480 --> 00:26:40,830
u mbagħad ftit għalf ieħor
bħall transkonfinali qafas huwa żero,

575
00:26:40,830 --> 00:26:43,500
sabiex probabbilment ifisser li hemm
ebda transkonfinali madwar il-ħaġa.

576
00:26:43,500 --> 00:26:45,450
Ħalli full screen probabbilment
ifisser li l-utent

577
00:26:45,450 --> 00:26:47,840
jista ikklikkja l-buttuna u
attwalment full screen il-video.

578
00:26:47,840 --> 00:26:52,870
Mela jekk jien verament tixtieq li tkun
impressjonanti hawn fil Rick dot HTML,

579
00:26:52,870 --> 00:26:58,490
minflok ma użat il-lametta immaġni, let
me iħassar dik, minflok paste dan.

580
00:26:58,490 --> 00:27:00,810
U issa rikarigu.

581
00:27:00,810 --> 00:27:02,500
U issa here we go darb'oħra.

582
00:27:02,500 --> 00:27:04,979

583
00:27:04,979 --> 00:27:06,020
Kull dritt, li l-biżżejjed.

584
00:27:06,020 --> 00:27:08,970
Dritt kollha hekk ser nipprova
diffiċli li ma tagħmel dan mill-ġdid.

585
00:27:08,970 --> 00:27:11,400
Allura dak li huma wħud mill-takeaways hawn?

586
00:27:11,400 --> 00:27:15,130
Allura HTML, kif ikrah kif dawn il-paġni web
huma, huwa attwalment pjuttost sempliċi.

587
00:27:15,130 --> 00:27:16,467
Mhuwiex lingwa ta 'programmar.

588
00:27:16,467 --> 00:27:17,550
Huwa ma jkollu funzjonijiet.

589
00:27:17,550 --> 00:27:18,410
Huwa ma jkollu loops.

590
00:27:18,410 --> 00:27:19,535
Huwa ma jkollu kundizzjonijiet.

591
00:27:19,535 --> 00:27:22,900
Dak kollu li għandha tkun għexieren ta '
tags differenti, li kull wieħed minnhom

592
00:27:22,900 --> 00:27:24,620
għandha żero jew aktar attributi.

593
00:27:24,620 --> 00:27:27,320
U fil-fatt, x'hemm gost dwar
HTML kif tibda adsa fis

594
00:27:27,320 --> 00:27:29,560
hija li huwa teachable awto ħafna.

595
00:27:29,560 --> 00:27:32,880
>> Kollha li tieħu huwa fehim
tal-qafas ġenerali ta 'HTML.

596
00:27:32,880 --> 00:27:36,510
X'inhu tag, dak li huwa attribut,
kif taħseb li attwalment kkonfigurat web page

597
00:27:36,510 --> 00:27:37,250
kif ġej.

598
00:27:37,250 --> 00:27:40,720
U kull ħaġa oħra huwa verament ir-riżultat
ta tfittex up fi referenza online

599
00:27:40,720 --> 00:27:43,080
jew googling kif jagħmlu xi
teknika jew kif aħna stajt tidher,

600
00:27:43,080 --> 00:27:45,371
tħares lejn sors Facebook
kodiċi, tħares lejn website

601
00:27:45,371 --> 00:27:48,710
li tixtieq fuq huwa kodiċi sors u
jifhem kif l-iżviluppaturi hemmhekk

602
00:27:48,710 --> 00:27:50,550
attwalment stabbiliti affarijiet out.

603
00:27:50,550 --> 00:27:52,180
>> Allura nistgħu nagħmlu immaġini kif ukoll.

604
00:27:52,180 --> 00:27:53,994
U fil-fatt, aħna ma kien mument ilu.

605
00:27:53,994 --> 00:27:55,410
Let me imorru quddiem u biss jurik.

606
00:27:55,410 --> 00:27:56,770
Hawn xi kodiċi kampjun.

607
00:27:56,770 --> 00:27:58,380
Jekk inti qatt tixtieq li tara qattus grumpy.

608
00:27:58,380 --> 00:28:00,620
So avviż li nista
jkollhom tag immaġni hawn.

609
00:28:00,620 --> 00:28:02,090
U stajt ltqajna kumment fuqu.

610
00:28:02,090 --> 00:28:04,490
Stajt ltqajna alternattiva
test għall-aċċessibbiltà.

611
00:28:04,490 --> 00:28:07,250
Allura xi ħadd li jużaw skrin
qarrej għal raġunijiet ta 'vista

612
00:28:07,250 --> 00:28:10,172
jistgħu attwalment mbagħad ikollhom tagħhom
screen reader jgħidu qattus grumpy.

613
00:28:10,172 --> 00:28:11,880
Għaliex jekk dawn ma jistgħux
tara l-immaġni, huma

614
00:28:11,880 --> 00:28:14,504
jistgħu inqas ikollhom kompjuter tagħhom
jgħidulhom verbalment dak li hu.

615
00:28:14,504 --> 00:28:18,020
U s-sors ta 'dan il-fajl huwa cat.jpeg.

616
00:28:18,020 --> 00:28:22,472
Allura fil-fatt, jekk I really riedu
jiksbu għaqlija, dak I setgħet done--

617
00:28:22,472 --> 00:28:25,680
I wegħda li ma tmurx lil Rick Astley, hekk
Jien ser google għal qattus minflok.

618
00:28:25,680 --> 00:28:28,290
U jekk immur Google Images
hawn, u aħna ser tassumi

619
00:28:28,290 --> 00:28:30,040
li din hija stampa ta 'qattus tiegħi.

620
00:28:30,040 --> 00:28:35,070
>> Ejja ngħidu li għandi kontroll għafast
jew dritt għafast fuq dan, aċċidentalment

621
00:28:35,070 --> 00:28:35,630
creepy.

622
00:28:35,630 --> 00:28:40,320
U cat.jpeg jien ser
biex jiffrankaw fuq id-desktop tiegħi.

623
00:28:40,320 --> 00:28:44,700
Let me issa jmorru lura għall sħaba 9.

624
00:28:44,700 --> 00:28:48,150
Avviż li hawn, I tista '
mur upload-fajls lokali.

625
00:28:48,150 --> 00:28:51,530
U jekk I grab din
fajl, cat.jpeg, avviż

626
00:28:51,530 --> 00:28:54,674
li I tista 'ttawwal u
qatra fis sħaba 9

627
00:28:54,674 --> 00:28:56,090
u li għaddej biex Yell fil lili hawn.

628
00:28:56,090 --> 00:28:59,000
>> Għaliex aħna stajt diġà
tak fajl cat.jpeg,

629
00:28:59,000 --> 00:29:01,430
imma hija super faċli biex
grab ritratt li inti stajt

630
00:29:01,430 --> 00:29:03,220
meħuda minn Facebook
jew Flickr jew bħalhom

631
00:29:03,220 --> 00:29:05,678
u fil-fatt drag u qatra
fi sħaba 9 u mbagħad jagħmilha

632
00:29:05,678 --> 00:29:07,970
parti mill personali tiegħek stess
websajt jew problema

633
00:29:07,970 --> 00:29:10,442
sett seba 'jew tmien kif aħna ser dalwaqt tara.

634
00:29:10,442 --> 00:29:12,150
U allura meta inti
finalment żjara li l-qattus,

635
00:29:12,150 --> 00:29:16,610
jekk wieħed jassumi I jitniżżel l-istess qattus,
avviż that-- li kien adorable.

636
00:29:16,610 --> 00:29:19,160
>> What inti tara huwa
xi ħaġa bħal din jiffaċċjaw hawn.

637
00:29:19,160 --> 00:29:21,810
Allura l-fajls li inti
referenza fi ħdan paġna web

638
00:29:21,810 --> 00:29:26,050
jista 'jkun jew lokali tiegħek stess
kont jew remoti fuq xi server ieħor

639
00:29:26,050 --> 00:29:29,670
bħal fil-każ tal-Rick
Ritratt Astley ftit ilu.

640
00:29:29,670 --> 00:29:32,990
Għalhekk, fejn else-- dak
inkella nistgħu nagħmlu hawnhekk?

641
00:29:32,990 --> 00:29:34,890
Mela ejja tagħti ħarsa lejn dan li ġej.

642
00:29:34,890 --> 00:29:36,160
Inti taf x'inhu tip ta 'kessaħ?

643
00:29:36,160 --> 00:29:39,330
>> Aħna s'issa kienu jagħmlu
paġni web statiċi ħafna.

644
00:29:39,330 --> 00:29:41,830
Irrid li ħwawar affarijiet up kif ġej.

645
00:29:41,830 --> 00:29:44,344
Irrid nagħmel search engine tiegħi stess.

646
00:29:44,344 --> 00:29:47,010
Allura biex jagħmlu search engine, ejja
imorru quddiem u tibda tagħmel dan.

647
00:29:47,010 --> 00:29:52,570
Jien ser jimxi 'l quddiem u joħolqu
fajl ġdid imsejjaħ search.html.

648
00:29:52,570 --> 00:29:54,890
U aħna għandna prefabed verżjonijiet online.

649
00:29:54,890 --> 00:29:56,027
Whoops.

650
00:29:56,027 --> 00:29:57,610
Ma paste fis tieqa terminal tiegħek.

651
00:29:57,610 --> 00:29:58,744
Verżjonijiet prefab online.

652
00:29:58,744 --> 00:30:00,160
U jien ser tibda kif ġej.

653
00:30:00,160 --> 00:30:04,490
Allura hawnhekk il-bidu ta '
fajl imsejjaħ search.html.

654
00:30:04,490 --> 00:30:07,510
Jien ser ħlief fil
direttorju sors lum.

655
00:30:07,510 --> 00:30:09,079
Jien ser sejħa dan Search.

656
00:30:09,079 --> 00:30:10,370
Fil-fatt, aħna ser jagħmilha aħjar.

657
00:30:10,370 --> 00:30:13,600
CS50 Fittex u attwalment marka dan.

658
00:30:13,600 --> 00:30:17,500
U issa, jien se ngħid
xi ħaġa bħal H1 CS50 Search.

659
00:30:17,500 --> 00:30:20,930
U mbagħad stabbiliti hawn, H2 coming soon.

660
00:30:20,930 --> 00:30:23,230
U biss biex terġa, H1 u
H2 ifissru dak rispettivament?

661
00:30:23,230 --> 00:30:26,750

662
00:30:26,750 --> 00:30:30,320
>> Yeah, hekk kbir u ambizzjuz, u
mhux kbir, iżda xorta kuraġġużi.

663
00:30:30,320 --> 00:30:37,375
Mela jekk I ħlief dan u jmorru fuq hawn,
ejja ara l-search.html fajl.

664
00:30:37,375 --> 00:30:42,560
Dritt kollox, u dan wieħed
huwa right-- [inaudible].

665
00:30:42,560 --> 00:30:46,980

666
00:30:46,980 --> 00:30:49,110
Stand by.

667
00:30:49,110 --> 00:30:49,945
David huwa konfuż.

668
00:30:49,945 --> 00:30:52,610

669
00:30:52,610 --> 00:30:54,080
Oh, huwa hemm dritt.

670
00:30:54,080 --> 00:30:54,860
David huwa idjota.

671
00:30:54,860 --> 00:30:55,420
KOLLOX SEW.

672
00:30:55,420 --> 00:30:56,660
Allura hemm hu.

673
00:30:56,660 --> 00:30:58,350
Allura tfittxija CS50 coming soon.

674
00:30:58,350 --> 00:31:00,370
Allura issa, ejja sintetizzati
dak li għamilna ġimgħa li għaddiet.

675
00:31:00,370 --> 00:31:03,400
>> Fejn tkellimna dwar l-
mechanics livell aktar baxx ta 'HTTP.

676
00:31:03,400 --> 00:31:05,780
U dawn l-ideat ġodda
ta HTML, li huwa biss

677
00:31:05,780 --> 00:31:08,890
din il-lingwa markup fejn inti
tgħid browser eżattament x'għandhom jagħmlu

678
00:31:08,890 --> 00:31:10,740
u jimplimentaw search engine tagħna stess.

679
00:31:10,740 --> 00:31:12,520
Allura minflok sempliċiment
qal coming soon, jien

680
00:31:12,520 --> 00:31:14,810
ser tintroduċi
xi ħaġa imsejħa formola tag.

681
00:31:14,810 --> 00:31:19,610
U f'din il-forma, jien ser
ikollhom xi ħaġa bħal qasam input.

682
00:31:19,610 --> 00:31:22,450
>> U l-isem ta 'dan il-kontribut
qasam, jien ser sejħa hija Q.

683
00:31:22,450 --> 00:31:26,240
U t-tip ta 'dan il-qasam input
Jien se ngħid huwa biss "test".

684
00:31:26,240 --> 00:31:29,130
U qasam tat-test, kif aħna ser
tara, huwa biss kaxxa ta 'test.

685
00:31:29,130 --> 00:31:32,830
U għalhekk ma sens hawn biex jkollhom
xejn ġewwa ta 'dan f'dan il-punt.

686
00:31:32,830 --> 00:31:35,320
U hekk jien sempliċiment se
li tagħlaq il-tag ma 'dak

687
00:31:35,320 --> 00:31:38,099
quddiem mmejla dritt fil-tag innifsu.

688
00:31:38,099 --> 00:31:39,890
U allura jien ser
jkollhom input ieħor.

689
00:31:39,890 --> 00:31:43,480
Tip Input ugwali jissottomettu.

690
00:31:43,480 --> 00:31:45,320
U allura jien ser
qrib dan wieħed wisq.

691
00:31:45,320 --> 00:31:46,840
>> U issa jien se jmorru lura hawn.

692
00:31:46,840 --> 00:31:49,520
U diġà naraw,
għalkemm pretty ikrah, stajt

693
00:31:49,520 --> 00:31:52,460
ltqajna l-bidu ta '
paġna tfittxija tiegħi stess hawn.

694
00:31:52,460 --> 00:31:55,150
Fil-fatt, let me jippruvaw
nadif dan up ftit.

695
00:31:55,150 --> 00:31:57,330
Jirriżulta li fuq il-
input hawn, I jista 'jkollhom

696
00:31:57,330 --> 00:31:59,910
attribut ieħor imsejħa placeholder.

697
00:31:59,910 --> 00:32:05,165
UI tista 'tara xi ħaġa bħal keywords,
jew b'mod aktar speċifiku, mistoqsija għall q.

698
00:32:05,165 --> 00:32:07,820
>> U avviż, issa, għandi
dan it-tip ta 'test griż

699
00:32:07,820 --> 00:32:10,440
li tispiċċa bħala
Hekk kif nibda ittajpjar,

700
00:32:10,440 --> 00:32:12,930
iżda huwa probabbilment xi ħaġa
inti stajt tidher fil-paġni web oħra.

701
00:32:12,930 --> 00:32:14,650
I ma verament bħall-buttuna Issottometti.

702
00:32:14,650 --> 00:32:18,320
Hekk jien fil-fatt se jagħti l-
Buttuna issottometti valur ta 'tfittxija.

703
00:32:18,320 --> 00:32:21,680
U issa, jekk I rikarigu, avviż li
buttuna tiegħi isir jismu tfittxija.

704
00:32:21,680 --> 00:32:24,140
You know, I ma verament
bħall-logo hawn.

705
00:32:24,140 --> 00:32:27,140
Allura ġeneratur Google Font.

706
00:32:27,140 --> 00:32:28,820
>> Irrid li ħwawar up dan aktar.

707
00:32:28,820 --> 00:32:30,660
Tfittxija hekk CS50.

708
00:32:30,660 --> 00:32:31,870
Let me joħolqu logo tiegħi stess.

709
00:32:31,870 --> 00:32:33,080
Li jistenna sbieħ.

710
00:32:33,080 --> 00:32:36,945
Allura issa let me jiffranka dan as-- come fuq.

711
00:32:36,945 --> 00:32:40,710

712
00:32:40,710 --> 00:32:43,120
Fejn huwa se?

713
00:32:43,120 --> 00:32:43,620
Hemmhekk.

714
00:32:43,620 --> 00:32:44,160
KOLLOX SEW.

715
00:32:44,160 --> 00:32:44,980
Qbiżt.

716
00:32:44,980 --> 00:32:47,740
Ħlief kif.

717
00:32:47,740 --> 00:32:49,470
Browsers Stupid.

718
00:32:49,470 --> 00:32:51,700
Stand minn, aħna qed tmur biex
jiffissaw dan darba għal dejjem.

719
00:32:51,700 --> 00:32:57,650

720
00:32:57,650 --> 00:32:58,590
Hemm immorru.

721
00:32:58,590 --> 00:32:59,090
Kull dritt.

722
00:32:59,090 --> 00:32:59,600
Jiddispjacini.

723
00:32:59,600 --> 00:33:00,750
Ġurnata ta 'mistrieħ.

724
00:33:00,750 --> 00:33:02,310
Issa dan huwa funky.

725
00:33:02,310 --> 00:33:03,160
Ħruġ full screen.

726
00:33:03,160 --> 00:33:04,150
Kull dritt.

727
00:33:04,150 --> 00:33:06,870
>> Issa, bħal normali
persuna, ħlief immaġni kif.

728
00:33:06,870 --> 00:33:08,810
Logo.gif.

729
00:33:08,810 --> 00:33:13,194
Issa jien se jmorru fil CS50IDE u
Jien ser sempliċiment grab-logo,

730
00:33:13,194 --> 00:33:15,360
Jien ser drag hija fil
tiegħi sors seba direttorju,

731
00:33:15,360 --> 00:33:17,002
fajl diġà jeżisti, jien OK ma 'dak.

732
00:33:17,002 --> 00:33:19,210
Hekk jien ser jiskarta dan
minħabba I diġà kellha dan.

733
00:33:19,210 --> 00:33:20,630
U issa kif nista 'jeħles ta' dan?

734
00:33:20,630 --> 00:33:24,670
>> Ejja imorru quddiem u jagħmlu hawn
sors image ugwali logo.gif.

735
00:33:24,670 --> 00:33:25,490
Agħlaq dan.

736
00:33:25,490 --> 00:33:26,050
Jiffrankaw.

737
00:33:26,050 --> 00:33:30,560
U issa jekk immur lura għall tfittxija tiegħi
paġna, issa huwa qed ifittxu pjuttost tajba.

738
00:33:30,560 --> 00:33:33,610
Dritt kollox, u għalhekk ma jkunx
pjuttost jsir xejn utli.

739
00:33:33,610 --> 00:33:37,000
Fil-fatt, let me tipprova tiftix
għal qattus u tara x'jiġri.

740
00:33:37,000 --> 00:33:38,890
Qtates.

741
00:33:38,890 --> 00:33:39,420
Kkritikat dan.

742
00:33:39,420 --> 00:33:41,400
Ma biss xogħol, apparentement.

743
00:33:41,400 --> 00:33:43,760
Allura x'inhu l-parti ewlenija
li nieqes hawn?

744
00:33:43,760 --> 00:33:49,100
>> Dritt, anki jekk ma tafx xi HTML,
Stajt beda immarkar l-formola tat-telefon

745
00:33:49,100 --> 00:33:54,130
u stajt qallek it kif tikseb inputs,
tagħti me kaxxa ta 'test u buttuna issottometti,

746
00:33:54,130 --> 00:33:55,730
dak biċċa hija apparentement nieqsa?

747
00:33:55,730 --> 00:33:58,975
Ejja ngħidu li rridu fil-fatt tikseb
dan il-ħaġa jaħdem sew.

748
00:33:58,975 --> 00:34:02,420

749
00:34:02,420 --> 00:34:05,360
What do we bżonn tagħmel?

750
00:34:05,360 --> 00:34:08,860
Għandna bżonn li jiġu implimentati l-aħħar lura
database jew l-search engine stess,

751
00:34:08,860 --> 00:34:11,210
u li għaddej biex tieħu
lott kollu ta 'ħin, franchement.

752
00:34:11,210 --> 00:34:13,380
>> Mela ftakar dak li għamilna aħħar darba.

753
00:34:13,380 --> 00:34:18,230
Mela jekk inti tfittex xi ħaġa fuq Google
u inti għandek bil-quddiem mitfija,

754
00:34:18,230 --> 00:34:20,355
irtirar, instant tfittxija.

755
00:34:20,355 --> 00:34:22,230
So let me dawran li off
sabiex dan fil-fatt

756
00:34:22,230 --> 00:34:26,650
iġib ruħu browser skola anzjani,
jekk I issa tfittex xi ħaġa bħal qtates,

757
00:34:26,650 --> 00:34:28,190
ifakkar dak li l-URL Dehra.

758
00:34:28,190 --> 00:34:29,449
Huwa pjuttost cryptic.

759
00:34:29,449 --> 00:34:33,000
Iżda integrati fil hemm,
recall, huwa tfittxija slash.

760
00:34:33,000 --> 00:34:35,100
Trade mark in kwistjoni q ugwali qtates.

761
00:34:35,100 --> 00:34:37,760
>> U li jidher li tagħti me
mazz sħiħ ta 'rizultati.

762
00:34:37,760 --> 00:34:39,134
Allura inti taf dak li jien ser tagħmel?

763
00:34:39,134 --> 00:34:41,650
Jien ser tissellef
Google għal ftit minuti.

764
00:34:41,650 --> 00:34:43,670
Jien se jmorru fuq
hawn u jien ser ngħid

765
00:34:43,670 --> 00:34:47,850
li dan jifforma azzjoni jew
destinazzjoni, biex ngħidu hekk,

766
00:34:47,850 --> 00:34:49,330
għandhom litteralment tkun Google.

767
00:34:49,330 --> 00:34:52,590
U l-metodu xtaqt
użu se tkun tikseb.

768
00:34:52,590 --> 00:34:53,560
>> Allura x'inhi l-azzjoni?

769
00:34:53,560 --> 00:34:55,760
Azzjoni hija weirdly imsemmi,
iżda biss li jfisser

770
00:34:55,760 --> 00:34:58,120
li tkun se jimmaniġġjaw
l-azzjoni ta 'din il-formola?

771
00:34:58,120 --> 00:35:00,820
Meta I ikklikkja Fittex, fejn
jekk ir-riżultat imorru?

772
00:35:00,820 --> 00:35:05,300
U jekk jien issa tmur lura għall-forma tiegħi
hawn u rikarigu-paġna web tiegħi

773
00:35:05,300 --> 00:35:09,000
u issa tfittex xi ħaġa
bħal kelb, avviż issa

774
00:35:09,000 --> 00:35:10,850
Għandi ri implimentati Google.

775
00:35:10,850 --> 00:35:11,350
Dritt?

776
00:35:11,350 --> 00:35:14,141
>> Jekk irrid tfittex xi ħaġa
inkella, hija taħdem għal mhux biss klieb,

777
00:35:14,141 --> 00:35:16,400
hija taħdem ukoll għall-qtates.

778
00:35:16,400 --> 00:35:21,930
Hija taħdem ukoll għall CS50.

779
00:35:21,930 --> 00:35:24,310
U OK, dan huwa biss
taħt whelming, hux?

780
00:35:24,310 --> 00:35:25,920
Kull dritt, imma attwalment xogħlijiet.

781
00:35:25,920 --> 00:35:27,360
Allura dak li fil-fatt ilu għaddej?

782
00:35:27,360 --> 00:35:31,340
Hekk stajt mgħallma browser tiegħi, bl-użu
HTML, li jieħdu input mill-utent

783
00:35:31,340 --> 00:35:35,810
u fil-fatt jibgħat dik input
ma 'server remot bl-użu HTTP.

784
00:35:35,810 --> 00:35:39,120
>> U minħabba browser tiegħi
jifhem HTTP, attwalment

785
00:35:39,120 --> 00:35:43,500
jinbena l-URL sabiex dak li
I jispiċċaw fuq fil-browser tiegħi,

786
00:35:43,500 --> 00:35:45,660
Avviż x'jiġri
meta I mfittxija għall-kelb.

787
00:35:45,660 --> 00:35:49,270
Jekk I ikklikkja Fittex, avviż li
il-URL bidliet kif I maħsub

788
00:35:49,270 --> 00:35:52,770
li google.com/search~~V mistoqsija ugwali kelb.

789
00:35:52,770 --> 00:35:56,020
U dan għaliex l-formola
jaf, minħabba li l-metodu hu li tikseb,

790
00:35:56,020 --> 00:35:59,560
li sempliċiment tehmeż għal dik URL hemmhekk.

791
00:35:59,560 --> 00:36:01,730
>> Issa, dawn il-paġni web għadhom ikrah.

792
00:36:01,730 --> 00:36:04,890
Mela ejja jintroduċu ieħor
biċċa sintassi jekk nistgħu llum.

793
00:36:04,890 --> 00:36:07,640
U din hija xi ħaġa magħrufa
kif folji stil cascading.

794
00:36:07,640 --> 00:36:10,720
So let me tagħti ħarsa lejn
dan l-eżempju hawn u ara

795
00:36:10,720 --> 00:36:12,380
jekk nistgħu jiddeduċi x'inhu għaddej.

796
00:36:12,380 --> 00:36:14,520
Dan huwa CSS0.html.

797
00:36:14,520 --> 00:36:16,532
U dan huwa fejn affarijiet
jiksbu ftit ikrah.

798
00:36:16,532 --> 00:36:18,490
Minħabba sfortunatament,
fid-dinja tal-web,

799
00:36:18,490 --> 00:36:20,920
HTML waħdu ma tistax tagħmel kollox.

800
00:36:20,920 --> 00:36:22,920
U hekk jekk inti tixtieq li
stylize web page tiegħek,

801
00:36:22,920 --> 00:36:28,370
inti fil-fatt bżonn li wieħed jiffoka fuq il-
estetika b'mod differenti.

802
00:36:28,370 --> 00:36:33,090
So here, għandi l-korp ta 'web tiegħi
paġna ġewwieni tagħhom huwa div kbir.

803
00:36:33,090 --> 00:36:34,700
U div ifisser biss id-diviżjoni.

804
00:36:34,700 --> 00:36:38,060
Allura huwa simili paragrafu iżda
ma jkollux l-istess semantika

805
00:36:38,060 --> 00:36:39,180
ta 'paragrafu tat-test.

806
00:36:39,180 --> 00:36:40,940
>> Dan ifisser biss li l-
browser, hawnhekk jidħol

807
00:36:40,940 --> 00:36:45,210
reġjun rettangolari kbira ta 'web tiegħi
paġna, nixtieq li opera apposta.

808
00:36:45,210 --> 00:36:47,420
Issa, linja 21 huwa fejn dik div jibda.

809
00:36:47,420 --> 00:36:48,770
U ħu raden.

810
00:36:48,770 --> 00:36:53,080
X'inhu l-effett tal-linja 21 dwar il-
bqija tal-kontenut tal-paġna?

811
00:36:53,080 --> 00:36:55,640

812
00:36:55,640 --> 00:36:56,311
Centering dan.

813
00:36:56,311 --> 00:36:56,810
Dak kollox.

814
00:36:56,810 --> 00:36:58,830
Allura aħna ma bbenefikawx mod ta '
attwalment centering-test.

815
00:36:58,830 --> 00:37:00,996
>> Fil-fatt, search engine tiegħi,
b'differenza mill-Google attwali,

816
00:37:00,996 --> 00:37:03,040
kienet kollha ġustifikat fuq ix-xellug.

817
00:37:03,040 --> 00:37:07,430
U hekk issa fil-linja 21, jien qal, ħej
browser, joħolqu diviżjoni tal-paġna.

818
00:37:07,430 --> 00:37:09,450
Just tagħti me a big, rettangolu inviżibbli.

819
00:37:09,450 --> 00:37:11,490
Thats kif I jridu
jaħsbu dwar il-web page.

820
00:37:11,490 --> 00:37:13,870
U allura stylize kif ġej.

821
00:37:13,870 --> 00:37:16,900
Ġewwa ta 'dawk kwotazzjonijiet,
issa, hija t-tieni lingwa

822
00:37:16,900 --> 00:37:19,969
li daħħalna llum
imsejħa Cascading Style Sheets.

823
00:37:19,969 --> 00:37:22,010
Thankfully, wisq mhuwiex
lingwa ta 'programmar,

824
00:37:22,010 --> 00:37:26,470
għalhekk huwa limitat ħafna fl sintassi tagħha, iżda
wkoll limitata ħafna fil-funzjonalità tagħha

825
00:37:26,470 --> 00:37:30,670
billi HTML hija dwar
immarkar up-data ta 'paġna web

826
00:37:30,670 --> 00:37:32,130
u l-istruttura ta 'paġna web.

827
00:37:32,130 --> 00:37:35,320
CSS huwa ġeneralment dwar il-
aħħar mil, l-estetika,

828
00:37:35,320 --> 00:37:40,160
jkollna l-daqs u l-kulur u l-
tqegħid eżattament id-dritt fil-paġna web.

829
00:37:40,160 --> 00:37:43,000
U fil-fatt, huwa ffurmat
bil pari b'valur ewlenin.

830
00:37:43,000 --> 00:37:46,290
>> A proprjetà bħal din, it-test
jallinjaw, segwit minn punt doppju,

831
00:37:46,290 --> 00:37:49,720
segwita mill-valur ta 'dik
proprjetà, li f'dan il-każ huwa center.

832
00:37:49,720 --> 00:37:51,910
U issa Avviż inti
tista bejta dawn l-affarijiet.

833
00:37:51,910 --> 00:37:56,780
Jekk jien ridt kollox li
Stajt enfasizzat li tkun iffukata,

834
00:37:56,780 --> 00:38:00,270
hu għalhekk li jien linja 21 u
il-linja korrispondenti 31.

835
00:38:00,270 --> 00:38:04,820
Imma ejja ngħidu issa trid tgħid John
Harvard, merħba lill home page tiegħi.

836
00:38:04,820 --> 00:38:06,530
>> Simbolu Copyright John Harvard.

837
00:38:06,530 --> 00:38:09,180
U ejja ngħidu Irrid li l-ewwel ta '
dawk il-linji li jkunu pjuttost kbar.

838
00:38:09,180 --> 00:38:10,450
36 pixels.

839
00:38:10,450 --> 00:38:11,530
Allura dak daqs deċenti.

840
00:38:11,530 --> 00:38:13,240
U xtaqt piż tagħha jkunu kuraġġużi.

841
00:38:13,240 --> 00:38:15,450
Iżda mbagħad taħt dak,
Irrid test iżgħar.

842
00:38:15,450 --> 00:38:19,980
U taħt dak, nixtieq
test saħansitra iżgħar.

843
00:38:19,980 --> 00:38:20,480
Jiddispjacini.

844
00:38:20,480 --> 00:38:24,490

845
00:38:24,490 --> 00:38:26,940
Illum iħoss bħal ġurnata ta 'mistrieħ.

846
00:38:26,940 --> 00:38:29,840
>> Allura issa, dak am I tagħmel li tesprimi din?

847
00:38:29,840 --> 00:38:34,580
Hawn fuq il-linja 22 hija embedded
div jew div nested, jekk inti se.

848
00:38:34,580 --> 00:38:36,190
Hija wkoll għandu lametta istil tagħha stess.

849
00:38:36,190 --> 00:38:38,160
I jispeċifika daqs tat-tipa ta '36.

850
00:38:38,160 --> 00:38:40,460
I jispeċifika piż font ta 'bold.

851
00:38:40,460 --> 00:38:43,360
Down hawn, I biss jispeċifikaw 24 pixels.

852
00:38:43,360 --> 00:38:45,960
U fl-aħħarnett, f'konformità 28, I jispeċifika 12.

853
00:38:45,960 --> 00:38:49,070
Hekk biss bħala verifika sanità malajr
u bħala qari bniedem dan,

854
00:38:49,070 --> 00:38:52,545
liema kliem fuq l-iskrin huma
fil-fatt se jkunu kuraġġużi?

855
00:38:52,545 --> 00:38:56,100

856
00:38:56,100 --> 00:38:58,760
Liema linji huma attwalment qawwija?

857
00:38:58,760 --> 00:38:59,570
>> Just John Harvard.

858
00:38:59,570 --> 00:39:00,070
Dritt?

859
00:39:00,070 --> 00:39:05,940
Minħabba daqstant linja 22 jgħid ħej
browser, hawnhekk diviżjoni tal-paġna.

860
00:39:05,940 --> 00:39:07,920
Jagħmluha daqs tat-tipa 36 punt.

861
00:39:07,920 --> 00:39:09,460
Agħmel il-piż font kuraġġużi.

862
00:39:09,460 --> 00:39:11,920
Hekk kif inti tilħaq il-
tag aħħar korrispondenti

863
00:39:11,920 --> 00:39:15,340
jew tag magħluqa fuq il-linja 24,
Dan ifisser, ħej browser,

864
00:39:15,340 --> 00:39:17,640
tieqaf tagħmel kwalunkwe huwa li qed tagħmel.

865
00:39:17,640 --> 00:39:21,020
U avviż li jkun ċar, anki jekk
linja 22 għandha kollha ta 'dawn l-attributi

866
00:39:21,020 --> 00:39:24,430
bħal stil, meta inti
tagħlaq il-tag f'konformità 24,

867
00:39:24,430 --> 00:39:25,940
inti biss isemmu l-isem tal-tag ta.

868
00:39:25,940 --> 00:39:29,990
>> Inti ma jirrepetu l-istil kelma jew
xi ħaġa li l-ġewwa ta 'dawk kwotazzjonijiet.

869
00:39:29,990 --> 00:39:32,860
U hekk jekk I ħarsa lejn din issa
fil-browser tiegħi, ejja tagħti

870
00:39:32,860 --> 00:39:38,060
Ħarsa lejn ir-riżultat aħħari. Let me go
quddiem biex dan il-fajl, li huwa CSS 0.

871
00:39:38,060 --> 00:39:41,814
U huwa għadu pjuttost sempliċi,
imma jkollna pretty interessanti.

872
00:39:41,814 --> 00:39:43,980
Iżda jirriżulta hemm
affarijiet oħra I tista 'tagħmel hawn,

873
00:39:43,980 --> 00:39:46,490
u għar-riskju ta 'teħid
dan kompletament hideous,

874
00:39:46,490 --> 00:39:48,630
Avviż hawnhekk li fil tiegħi
korp tal-paġna web tiegħi,

875
00:39:48,630 --> 00:39:53,930
I tista 'tagħmel xi ħaġa umoristiċi
bħal bg jew kulur fl-isfond.

876
00:39:53,930 --> 00:39:56,670
>> U malajr, x'hemm kulur favorit tiegħek?

877
00:39:56,670 --> 00:39:57,720
Aħdar Smajt.

878
00:39:57,720 --> 00:39:58,750
Kull dritt.

879
00:39:58,750 --> 00:40:02,920
Allura issa, jekk I hit rikarigu issa,
għandna web page aħdar.

880
00:40:02,920 --> 00:40:04,710
Kull dritt, hekk li mhux ħażin.

881
00:40:04,710 --> 00:40:08,350
U issa, jekk I jixtiequ jagħmlu dan verament
jibred, I jistgħu jagħmlu l-kulur ta 'test tiegħi

882
00:40:08,350 --> 00:40:09,360
anke aħmar.

883
00:40:09,360 --> 00:40:10,870
Mela ejja ara dak li dan qisu.

884
00:40:10,870 --> 00:40:12,230
Issa huwa tfittex pretty tajba.

885
00:40:12,230 --> 00:40:15,460
U 'l isfel hawn, jekk int verament
tixtieq li mess ma 'xi ħadd

886
00:40:15,460 --> 00:40:17,487
jew jekk inti tixtieq li tkun
wieħed minn dawk in-nies li

887
00:40:17,487 --> 00:40:20,570
tipprova trick inti fis jżuru l-web
paġna minħabba li ħadthom tricked Google

888
00:40:20,570 --> 00:40:27,610
fis-ħsieb hemm mazz sħiħ
ta 'kliem ewlieni like-- ejja ara, jerġgħu jitgħabbew.

889
00:40:27,610 --> 00:40:29,020

890
00:40:29,020 --> 00:40:30,680
Fejn ma tmur?

891
00:40:30,680 --> 00:40:31,530
U hemm us.

892
00:40:31,530 --> 00:40:32,030
Kull dritt.

893
00:40:32,030 --> 00:40:34,905
So I say dan bħala twarrib, aħna ser
jitkellmu dwar dan il-għalf fi ftit ġimgħat

894
00:40:34,905 --> 00:40:36,740
meta nitkellmu dwar
sigurtà, jekk inti fil-fatt

895
00:40:36,740 --> 00:40:38,852
għenieqed sħaħ ssodata ta
keywords fil-paġna web,

896
00:40:38,852 --> 00:40:41,810
anki jekk dawn mhux qed viżibbli għal
bniedem, xi ħadd bħal Google, naturalment,

897
00:40:41,810 --> 00:40:43,250
jistgħu xorta attwalment issib dan.

898
00:40:43,250 --> 00:40:45,820
Kull dritt, hekk li pjuttost
hideous pretty malajr.

899
00:40:45,820 --> 00:40:48,420
>> U fil-fatt, huwa mhux kollha
li ħafna b'differenza web tiegħi stess

900
00:40:48,420 --> 00:40:51,480
paġna bħala undergraduate, li
I bdew googling madwar biex isibu

901
00:40:51,480 --> 00:40:53,690
Verżjonijiet tal-passat ta 'websajts qadima tieghi.

902
00:40:53,690 --> 00:40:54,500
Kien pretty bad.

903
00:40:54,500 --> 00:40:56,650
Fil-fatt, I ma jsibu
wieħed eżatt qabel klassi.

904
00:40:56,650 --> 00:40:58,620
Iżda hemm agħar hemmhekk.

905
00:40:58,620 --> 00:41:01,534
Dan apparentament kien tiegħi
home page lura fl-1996.

906
00:41:01,534 --> 00:41:04,200
Apparentement I ħsibt li kien
xieraq li titlob lill-persuni l-isem tagħhom

907
00:41:04,200 --> 00:41:05,991
qabel ma jkunu jistgħu
attwalment ara l-paġna web tiegħi.

908
00:41:05,991 --> 00:41:09,380

909
00:41:09,380 --> 00:41:11,920
>> U mbagħad I wrew lilhom
xi ħaġa stupid, probabbilment.

910
00:41:11,920 --> 00:41:13,450
I ser ħaffer aktar għall-ħin li jmiss.

911
00:41:13,450 --> 00:41:16,220
Iżda għal issa, ejja
jikkunsidraw daqsxejn ta 'disinn.

912
00:41:16,220 --> 00:41:17,444
Imxejna tkellem dwar stil.

913
00:41:17,444 --> 00:41:19,735
U din il-paġna s'issa u
kollox l-aktar Stajt bil-miktub

914
00:41:19,735 --> 00:41:21,890
huwa pretty nadif stylistically.

915
00:41:21,890 --> 00:41:23,320
Imma xi ngħidu dwar id-disinn?

916
00:41:23,320 --> 00:41:25,990
Ukoll, hemm ħafna ta 'redundancy
fil dak I kont qed tagħmel hawn.

917
00:41:25,990 --> 00:41:28,156
>> Stajt semma l-kelma
kulur fi ftit postijiet.

918
00:41:28,156 --> 00:41:31,630
Stajt msemmija daqs tat-tipa fi ftit
postijiet u kuraġġużi fi ftit postijiet.

919
00:41:31,630 --> 00:41:34,870
U fundamentalment, jien ko
mingling żewġ lingwi.

920
00:41:34,870 --> 00:41:38,100
Stajt ltqajna HTML tags tiegħi u tiegħi
attributi u mbagħad kollha f'daqqa,

921
00:41:38,100 --> 00:41:40,100
bejn kwotazzjonijiet, għandi
it-tieni lingwa llum

922
00:41:40,100 --> 00:41:43,830
imsejħa CSS, li għal darb'oħra, huwa biss dawn
pari ewlenin valur jew dawn il-proprjetajiet

923
00:41:43,830 --> 00:41:45,280
separati minn colons.

924
00:41:45,280 --> 00:41:47,700
>> Jirriżulta li ħafna
bħal fil C fejn aħna

925
00:41:47,700 --> 00:41:50,550
jistgħu jibdew għall-fattur out
xi kodiċi fil-fajls header,

926
00:41:50,550 --> 00:41:53,520
hekk nistgħu nagħmlu l-istess fl HTML.

927
00:41:53,520 --> 00:41:56,030
U pass lejn li hija kif ġej.

928
00:41:56,030 --> 00:42:02,230
Avviż li din il-verżjoni, CSS1.html huwa
Strutturalment l-istess paġna web eżatt.

929
00:42:02,230 --> 00:42:05,250
So I ħadthom ltqajna mazz sħiħ
tal divs, iżda din id-darba, stajt

930
00:42:05,250 --> 00:42:07,220
gotten rid ta 'l-ippakkjar
div kif tkun taf tara.

931
00:42:07,220 --> 00:42:12,390
>> U stajt mogħtija f'dawn it-tliet divs
top, tan-nofs, u fil-qiegħ, IDs uniċi.

932
00:42:12,390 --> 00:42:14,760
Dan huwa sbieħ, għaliex mill
tagħti dawk id-diviżjonijiet

933
00:42:14,760 --> 00:42:18,715
tal-paġna identifikaturi uniċi,
I tista 'referenza minnhom x'imkien ieħor.

934
00:42:18,715 --> 00:42:19,215
Fejn?

935
00:42:19,215 --> 00:42:21,070
Well, let me iscroll up.

936
00:42:21,070 --> 00:42:24,070
U s'issa, f'kull waqt konna ħares
fil-kap ta 'paġna web, x'hemm

937
00:42:24,070 --> 00:42:28,560
l-unika tag aħna kellna fil
il-kap ta 'paġna web?

938
00:42:28,560 --> 00:42:29,740
A louder ftit.

939
00:42:29,740 --> 00:42:30,799
Just it-titolu s'issa.

940
00:42:30,799 --> 00:42:32,590
Iżda jirriżulta hemm
affarijiet oħra ftit

941
00:42:32,590 --> 00:42:35,840
inti tista 'tpoġġi fil hemm, wieħed mill
li huwa msejjaħ tag stil.

942
00:42:35,840 --> 00:42:37,850
Allura mument ilu, ħarisna
fi attribut stil.

943
00:42:37,850 --> 00:42:39,150
Jinstabx hemm tag stil.

944
00:42:39,150 --> 00:42:41,200
Jappartjeni ġewwa tal
il-kap ta 'paġna web.

945
00:42:41,200 --> 00:42:42,840
U issa Avviż dak li qed nagħmel.

946
00:42:42,840 --> 00:42:46,540
Għandi ġewwa ta 'dan
tag stil li ġej.

947
00:42:46,540 --> 00:42:51,190
Jien litteralment isemmi fuq il-linja 20 il
isem ta 'tag li nixtieq li stylize.

948
00:42:51,190 --> 00:42:53,489
>> Imbagħad I jkollhom Brace kaboċċi miftuħa
u magħluqa kaboċċi Brace.

949
00:42:53,489 --> 00:42:56,030
Allura simili fl-ispirtu sa C, iżda
għal darb'oħra, din mhix funzjoni,

950
00:42:56,030 --> 00:42:57,796
din hija biss dettall sintattika hawn.

951
00:42:57,796 --> 00:43:00,170
U mbagħad naturalment, jien javżak
l-browser, ħej browser,

952
00:43:00,170 --> 00:43:05,210
jagħmlu l-ġisem kollu tal-paġna
jkollhom allinjament test ta 'ċentru.

953
00:43:05,210 --> 00:43:06,930
U allura dan huwa qal li ġej.

954
00:43:06,930 --> 00:43:12,600
Ħej browser, jekk tara xi HTML
element jew tag fil-paġna li

955
00:43:12,600 --> 00:43:17,040
għandha identifikatur uniku tal top,
hekk is-simbolu hash hawn ifisser biss

956
00:43:17,040 --> 00:43:21,010
idea unika ta 'fuq, imorru quddiem
u jagħmlu daqs tat-tipa tagħha 36

957
00:43:21,010 --> 00:43:22,490
u l-piż font tagħha kuraġġużi.

958
00:43:22,490 --> 00:43:26,840
>> Ħej browser, element li
ID huwa nofs, jagħmilha 24 pixels.

959
00:43:26,840 --> 00:43:31,070
U ħej browser, jekk tara xi
idea ta 'qiegħ, jagħmilha 12 pixels.

960
00:43:31,070 --> 00:43:33,540
L-effett fl-aħħar
huwa eżattament l-sam.

961
00:43:33,540 --> 00:43:36,500
Jekk immur fis CSS 1, il-
paġna jistenna l-istess.

962
00:43:36,500 --> 00:43:39,810
Iżda aħna qed pass lejn
disinn ftit aħjar.

963
00:43:39,810 --> 00:43:44,850
Let me issa jmorru lura hawn biex CSS2
u ara x'iktar I ghamilt.

964
00:43:44,850 --> 00:43:48,030
>> Issa l-paġna hija tassew, tassew nadif.

965
00:43:48,030 --> 00:43:50,730
Fil-fatt, I jistgħu joqogħdu kollha ta '
il-kontenut fuq paġna hawn.

966
00:43:50,730 --> 00:43:54,270
Imma dak ġodda tag jiena
introdotti, ovvjament?

967
00:43:54,270 --> 00:43:54,770
Link.

968
00:43:54,770 --> 00:43:57,853
U mhuwiex l-aħjar isem għal tikketta,
għaliex mhuwiex rabta fis-sens

969
00:43:57,853 --> 00:44:00,780
li nafuha, iżda dan ifisser
rabta f'xi fajl ieħor.

970
00:44:00,780 --> 00:44:02,890
Dan huwa tip simili qawwija jinkludu fil C.

971
00:44:02,890 --> 00:44:06,280
>> Dan huwa l-mod li HTML
ngħid ħej browser,

972
00:44:06,280 --> 00:44:10,240
mur jiksbu l-kontenut ta '
il-fajl imsejħa css2.css.

973
00:44:10,240 --> 00:44:12,880
Ir-relazzjoni, lili,
hija li huwa folja stil.

974
00:44:12,880 --> 00:44:17,980
U fil-fatt, dan huwa dak l-wieħed mill-
Tal S fil cascading stil folji mezzi.

975
00:44:17,980 --> 00:44:20,350
Din hija karta tal-istil.

976
00:44:20,350 --> 00:44:23,120
Huwa biss il-fajl test li fih
mazz sħiħ ta 'proprjetà.

977
00:44:23,120 --> 00:44:25,940
Huwa mazz sħiħ ta 'stili
li tixtieq tapplika għal paġna.

978
00:44:25,940 --> 00:44:28,860
>> U għalhekk dan apparentement huwa
jirreferu għat-tieni fajl.

979
00:44:28,860 --> 00:44:32,970
U jekk I miftuħa li, CSS2.css,
avviż li kollha I ghamilt

980
00:44:32,970 --> 00:44:35,900
huwa kopja u paste kollha
ta 'dan in dan il-fajl.

981
00:44:35,900 --> 00:44:38,220
U issa, anki jekk inti stajt qatt
kodifikati dan il-għalf qabel,

982
00:44:38,220 --> 00:44:40,700
biss tikkunsidra mal-
hat inġinerija proverbial

983
00:44:40,700 --> 00:44:44,220
fuq, għaliex dan huwa
disinn aħjar probabbilment?

984
00:44:44,220 --> 00:44:48,910
Factoring out dawk il-proprjetajiet CSS,
tqegħid tagħhom fiċ-fajl tagħhom stess.

985
00:44:48,910 --> 00:44:51,330
Anki jekk aħna solvuta din
problema bħal ħames minuti ilu

986
00:44:51,330 --> 00:44:52,600
fl-ewwel verżjoni.

987
00:44:52,600 --> 00:44:55,730
>> Imxejna ma tjibitx l
stylistically paġna,

988
00:44:55,730 --> 00:44:57,520
dan huwa biss aħjar
disinn f'xi sens.

989
00:44:57,520 --> 00:44:58,990
Għaliex taħseb?

990
00:44:58,990 --> 00:45:01,510
Yeah.

991
00:45:01,510 --> 00:45:02,260
Aktar flessibbli kif?

992
00:45:02,260 --> 00:45:05,040

993
00:45:05,040 --> 00:45:05,540
Yeah.

994
00:45:05,540 --> 00:45:07,373
Mela jekk inti tixtieq li tmur
lura u l-bidla affarijiet,

995
00:45:07,373 --> 00:45:09,540
issa, inti għandek post wieħed
fejn tista 'tbiddel l-affarijiet.

996
00:45:09,540 --> 00:45:11,622
U fil-fatt, għal xi ħaġa
bħal problema stabbiliti sebgħa,

997
00:45:11,622 --> 00:45:13,690
fejn aħna ser timplimenta
kummerċ istokk website,

998
00:45:13,690 --> 00:45:15,523
li għaddej biex ikollhom
mazz sħiħ ta 'paġni.

999
00:45:15,523 --> 00:45:17,620
U jkun verament
annoying jekk inti tiddeċiedi, hm,

1000
00:45:17,620 --> 00:45:21,630
I ma verament simili 24 pixels, nixtieq
li jkun 28 pixels jew kemmxejn akbar.

1001
00:45:21,630 --> 00:45:23,550
U mbagħad għandek tagħmel
globali isibu u jissostitwixxi

1002
00:45:23,550 --> 00:45:27,560
jew miftuħa kollha ta 'fajls website tiegħek
sempliċiment li attwalment ibiddlu valur wieħed.

1003
00:45:27,560 --> 00:45:31,290
Billi factoring out dawn l-istili
fil-post ċentrali waħda,

1004
00:45:31,290 --> 00:45:34,720
inti issa tista 'tiftaħ fajl test wieħed
fi CS50IDE fi kwalunkwe programm,

1005
00:45:34,720 --> 00:45:36,479
jibdlu, ħlief, u jsir.

1006
00:45:36,479 --> 00:45:38,270
You ħadthom propagati dawk
bidliet kullimkien.

1007
00:45:38,270 --> 00:45:42,450
U dan ikun l-istess
fil-fajl dot h kif ukoll.

1008
00:45:42,450 --> 00:45:46,697
Allura xi mistoqsijiet b'hekk
issa fuq dan sintassi?

1009
00:45:46,697 --> 00:45:48,530
Kull dritt, hekk konna
kollox isir jidher

1010
00:45:48,530 --> 00:45:51,170
ħlief fil-fatt jimplimentaw hyperlinks.

1011
00:45:51,170 --> 00:45:52,740
U hekk ejja imorru quddiem u tagħmel dan.

1012
00:45:52,740 --> 00:45:54,830
Let me imorru quddiem u
toħloq fajl ġdid hawn.

1013
00:45:54,830 --> 00:45:59,970
Jien ser sejħa hija
link.html, tistabbilixxi kodiċi lum.

1014
00:45:59,970 --> 00:46:03,000
>> U jien ser tagħmel miftuħa
bracket tip dok html.

1015
00:46:03,000 --> 00:46:05,970
Bħala twarrib, dan il-ħaġa fil-
top, din id-dikjarazzjoni tip dok,

1016
00:46:05,970 --> 00:46:08,420
huwa l-uniku wieħed li stramb
mal-punt exclamation.

1017
00:46:08,420 --> 00:46:12,100
Inti sempliċiment għandek tagħmel dan hemm u
ifisser li aħna qed jużaw verżjoni HTML 5.

1018
00:46:12,100 --> 00:46:14,460
Verżjonijiet anzjani ta '
lingwa kellhom ħafna itwal

1019
00:46:14,460 --> 00:46:16,400
kordi li għandek bżonn biex tpoġġi hemmhekk.

1020
00:46:16,400 --> 00:46:18,620
Allura hawnhekk huwa eżempju imsejħa link.

1021
00:46:18,620 --> 00:46:20,950
>> I bżonn ta 'korp tal-paġna web tiegħi hawn.

1022
00:46:20,950 --> 00:46:29,770
U fil hawn, xi partijiet ugwali href
ejja ngħidu HTTP://www.disney.com

1023
00:46:29,770 --> 00:46:35,420
u website favorit tiegħi, aħna ser ngħidu.

1024
00:46:35,420 --> 00:46:38,550
Dritt kollox, so a ħafna
innokwa, faċli għall-utent paġna.

1025
00:46:38,550 --> 00:46:42,950
Jekk I issa jmorru fil-direttorju tiegħi
elenkar hawn u jiftħu link.html,

1026
00:46:42,950 --> 00:46:44,780
għandna test iper.

1027
00:46:44,780 --> 00:46:47,410
>> U fil-fatt, dan huwa fejn
l-H fl HTTP ġej minn.

1028
00:46:47,410 --> 00:46:51,580
Hypertext transfer protocol
huwa dwar trasferiment test

1029
00:46:51,580 --> 00:46:53,840
li għandha hyperlinks għal riżorsi oħra.

1030
00:46:53,840 --> 00:46:58,210
U fil-fatt, hawnhekk huwa l-familjari,
jekk retro, link blu li jekk għafast,

1031
00:46:58,210 --> 00:47:02,607
fil-fatt se jwassal lili biex Disney.com.

1032
00:47:02,607 --> 00:47:03,940
Issa, oh, li l-joħorġu dalwaqt.

1033
00:47:03,940 --> 00:47:08,970
Kull dritt, hekk issa, liema huma wħud
ta 'l-implikazzjonijiet ta' dan?

1034
00:47:08,970 --> 00:47:11,610
>> U franchement, id-dinja tibda
li jiksbu ftit aktar familjari

1035
00:47:11,610 --> 00:47:15,090
u wkoll scarier ftit
iżda wkoll ftit aktar

1036
00:47:15,090 --> 00:47:17,840
awto difensibbli ladarba tibda
biex jifhmu dawn l-affarijiet.

1037
00:47:17,840 --> 00:47:21,610
Minħabba odds huma, xi wħud minnkom, jekk inti tmur
permezz folder tiegħek spam Gmail jew saħansitra

1038
00:47:21,610 --> 00:47:23,990
inbox tiegħek, inti probabilment ħadthom
gotten xi tip ta 'email

1039
00:47:23,990 --> 00:47:26,980
li tistaqsi inti bidla tiegħek
password forsi jew forsi jivverifikaw

1040
00:47:26,980 --> 00:47:28,910
kredenzjali PayPal tiegħek jew whatnot.

1041
00:47:28,910 --> 00:47:34,510
>> U fil-fatt, inti jista 'jkollok rċevew
xi ħaġa li tgħid bħal ikklikkja hawn

1042
00:47:34,510 --> 00:47:42,260
għal reset password tiegħek PayPal.

1043
00:47:42,260 --> 00:47:44,130
U issa, avviż, jekk
dan mhux Disney.com

1044
00:47:44,130 --> 00:47:51,600
iżda bħal badplace.com u
rikarigu, innota li t-test hawn

1045
00:47:51,600 --> 00:47:53,710
jista 'jgħid xejn affattu.

1046
00:47:53,710 --> 00:47:55,260
U fil-fatt, dan huwa biss kliem.

1047
00:47:55,260 --> 00:48:04,610
Għaliex ma I attwalment tkun super malizzjuż
u jgħidu http://www.paypal.com.

1048
00:48:04,610 --> 00:48:14,090
>> Ikklikkja hawn reset PayPal tiegħek
password u issa rikarigu.

1049
00:48:14,090 --> 00:48:16,220
Dan jidher pretty leġittimu, id-dritt?

1050
00:48:16,220 --> 00:48:20,470
I mean, jien mhux se ikklikkja fuq
email li biss jgħid dan.

1051
00:48:20,470 --> 00:48:22,450
Iżda avviż-dikotomija hawn.

1052
00:48:22,450 --> 00:48:26,880
Hija tgħid www.paypal.com,
u fil-fatt, stenna minuta,

1053
00:48:26,880 --> 00:48:29,210
aħna nafu li inti tixtieq
il s-sigurtà.

1054
00:48:29,210 --> 00:48:35,450
Allura issa, mur www.paypal.com HTTPS,
imma jekk inti stajt qatt sar qabel dan,

1055
00:48:35,450 --> 00:48:38,182
do tikseb fis-drawwa ta '
baqgħet iddur fuq links ftit hawn.

1056
00:48:38,182 --> 00:48:39,890
U huwa diffiċli li wieħed jara
fuq l-iskrin hemm,

1057
00:48:39,890 --> 00:48:41,340
u huwa mhux kollha li faċli hawn.

1058
00:48:41,340 --> 00:48:43,615
Iżda l isfel hawn fil
il-kantuniera ftit żgħira

1059
00:48:43,615 --> 00:48:45,740
ma l-browser attwalment
jgħidulek li aħna qed tmur

1060
00:48:45,740 --> 00:48:48,850
li badplace.com minflok Paypal.com.

1061
00:48:48,850 --> 00:48:51,620
Issa, fejn huma aħna jmorru ma 'dan?

1062
00:48:51,620 --> 00:48:54,859
L-eżempji kollha we ghamilt illum,
konna iebes kodifikati u ittajpjat manwalment.

1063
00:48:54,859 --> 00:48:56,900
Il-web huwa oerhört
uninteresting meta inti hard

1064
00:48:56,900 --> 00:48:59,844
kodiċi paġni web tiegħek hekk li l-kontenut
huwa statiku u li qed tinbidel qatt.

1065
00:48:59,844 --> 00:49:01,760
Of course, kollha ta 'tagħna
websajts favoriti llum,

1066
00:49:01,760 --> 00:49:04,470
jekk huwa Gmail jew Twitter jew
Facebook jew kwalunkwe numru ta 'oħrajn

1067
00:49:04,470 --> 00:49:05,290
huma dinamiċi.

1068
00:49:05,290 --> 00:49:07,340
Huma qed jinbidlu
rispons għall-input utent

1069
00:49:07,340 --> 00:49:08,840
bħad-rizultati Google.

1070
00:49:08,840 --> 00:49:12,415
>> U hekk l-Erbgħa, dak li nagħmlu huwa
we leave HTML u CSS introduzzjoni

1071
00:49:12,415 --> 00:49:14,290
warajna u nieħdu
għall mogħtija li aħna issa

1072
00:49:14,290 --> 00:49:16,640
jafu u aħna nintroduċu
lingwa ġdida ta 'programmar

1073
00:49:16,640 --> 00:49:19,050
imsejħa PHP, li tixtieq
C, se tagħtina

1074
00:49:19,050 --> 00:49:22,450
is-setgħa li attwalment jinħolqu programmi
li huma stess jiġġeneraw output.

1075
00:49:22,450 --> 00:49:25,900
F'dan il-każ, aħna ser tkun qed tuża
PHP biex jiġġeneraw dinamikament web

1076
00:49:25,900 --> 00:49:27,340
paġni li jużaw din il-lingwa l-ġdida.

1077
00:49:27,340 --> 00:49:28,989
Allura aktar fuq li nhar l-Erbgħa.

1078
00:49:28,989 --> 00:49:29,530
Ara inti mbagħad.

1079
00:49:29,530 --> 00:49:33,130

1080
00:49:33,130 --> 00:49:37,380
>> [Daqq tal-mużika]

1081
00:49:37,380 --> 00:52:38,864