1
00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:05,616

2
00:00:05,616 --> 00:00:07,030
>> HANNAH BLUMBERG: Hi kila mtu.

3
00:00:07,030 --> 00:00:09,530
Tunakwenda kuanza
tu ya dakika kadhaa mapema

4
00:00:09,530 --> 00:00:11,738
kwa kuwa tuna mengi yote
ya nyenzo kupata njia.

5
00:00:11,738 --> 00:00:12,790
Mimi nina Hana.

6
00:00:12,790 --> 00:00:13,865
Mimi nina TF.

7
00:00:13,865 --> 00:00:16,239
Maria ni kwenda kujiunga
sisi katika dakika kadhaa.

8
00:00:16,239 --> 00:00:17,560
Anafundisha sehemu sahihi kabla.

9
00:00:17,560 --> 00:00:19,351
Mimi kufundisha kifungu cha haki
baada, hivyo tunakwenda

10
00:00:19,351 --> 00:00:21,200
kuitunza kwa saa moja na nusu.

11
00:00:21,200 --> 00:00:25,490
>> Hivyo kama utaona hapa, tuna kabisa
mada chache tunahitaji kupata njia,

12
00:00:25,490 --> 00:00:27,200
hivyo tutaweza kuwa kwenda kidogo kidogo kwa haraka.

13
00:00:27,200 --> 00:00:31,140
Lakini kama katika hatua yoyote sisi kusema kitu
haraka haraka au huelewi,

14
00:00:31,140 --> 00:00:33,170
kujisikia huru kwa kupinga na maswali.

15
00:00:33,170 --> 00:00:36,610
Tunataka kuwa na uwezo wa kufanya a huu
kupitia kikao kama manufaa kwa wote yenu

16
00:00:36,610 --> 00:00:37,973
iwezekanavyo.

17
00:00:37,973 --> 00:00:38,920
Kutisha.

18
00:00:38,920 --> 00:00:41,650
>> Basi hebu kuruka haki katika na
baadhi ya mada kwamba sisi kweli

19
00:00:41,650 --> 00:00:46,980
sana, kwa ufupi sana kufunikwa kwa
Jaribio 0 katika jaribio 0 mapitio kikao.

20
00:00:46,980 --> 00:00:48,840
Hivyo kuanzia na orodha wanaohusishwa.

21
00:00:48,840 --> 00:00:52,090
Hivyo tu kuhakikisha kuwa baadhi
elimu ya msingi kuhusu orodha wanaohusishwa

22
00:00:52,090 --> 00:00:55,110
na ni vizuri kufanya
baadhi ya shughuli za msingi.

23
00:00:55,110 --> 00:00:58,560
>> Hivyo tu kufanya mapitio ya, wanaohusishwa
orodha ni bora kuliko arrays

24
00:00:58,560 --> 00:01:01,020
sababu wanaweza kukua dynamically.

25
00:01:01,020 --> 00:01:03,300
Hivyo tuna kuwa faida kubwa.

26
00:01:03,300 --> 00:01:06,031
Tumeona yao kutumika
katika meza hash wakati sisi

27
00:01:06,031 --> 00:01:08,280
hatujui hasa ni wangapi
mambo tunakwenda wanataka

28
00:01:08,280 --> 00:01:10,900
kuingiza ndani ya mfumo wetu wa data.

29
00:01:10,900 --> 00:01:15,700
Kwa bahati mbaya, tuna vipande vya
orodha wanaohusishwa kote kumbukumbu,

30
00:01:15,700 --> 00:01:20,820
hivyo tutakuwa na si lazima kuwa
uwezo wa kufanya mara kwa mara wakati upatikanaji

31
00:01:20,820 --> 00:01:22,502
kwa kipengele yoyote katika orodha wanaohusishwa.

32
00:01:22,502 --> 00:01:24,210
Ili kupata
kipengele fulani, sisi

33
00:01:24,210 --> 00:01:26,510
na iterate zote
njia tangu mwanzo.

34
00:01:26,510 --> 00:01:30,610
Hivyo kukumbuka kwamba wengi wa
shughuli za msingi ni omega ya 1.

35
00:01:30,610 --> 00:01:32,130
Hivyo kuingiza ni kwenda tu kuchukua 1.

36
00:01:32,130 --> 00:01:37,520
Kufuta ni kwenda kuchukua n kwa kuwa sisi
una kwenda kupata hiyo kutoka kwenye orodha.

37
00:01:37,520 --> 00:01:39,260
Na kutafuta inaweza kuchukua, saa mbaya, n.

38
00:01:39,260 --> 00:01:42,330
Hatuwezi kufanya kitu kama
tafuta binary katika orodha wanaohusishwa

39
00:01:42,330 --> 00:01:45,101
tangu hatuwezi tu
nasibu kuruka kwa katikati.

40
00:01:45,101 --> 00:01:45,600
Baridi.

41
00:01:45,600 --> 00:01:48,160

42
00:01:48,160 --> 00:01:48,960
Kutisha.

43
00:01:48,960 --> 00:01:50,270
>> Kidogo ya mwingi.

44
00:01:50,270 --> 00:01:53,980
Hii, tena, walifika kwenye jaribio 0, hivyo
lazima super vizuri na hayo.

45
00:01:53,980 --> 00:01:57,210
Lakini kwa mwingi, tunakuomba
kukumbuka stack ya trays.

46
00:01:57,210 --> 00:01:59,940
Na itakuja kuwa wa kwanza katika, mwisho nje.

47
00:01:59,940 --> 00:02:02,272
Hivyo sisi stack mambo up
katika stack, na kisha

48
00:02:02,272 --> 00:02:04,980
kama sisi ni kujaribu kuchukua kitu
off-- ambayo sisi kuwaita yanajitokeza mbali

49
00:02:04,980 --> 00:02:06,581
stack-- sisi kufika mbali juu.

50
00:02:06,581 --> 00:02:09,289
Na kama tunataka kuweka kitu
katika stack, sisi kuiita kusukuma.

51
00:02:09,289 --> 00:02:13,170
Hivyo ni daima kwenda kuwa kupanda juu
kuanzia chini kama stack ya trays.

52
00:02:13,170 --> 00:02:14,540
Kutisha.

53
00:02:14,540 --> 00:02:17,607
>> Tumekuwa mwingi kuonekana kutekelezwa
na orodha zote mbili wanaohusishwa na arrays.

54
00:02:17,607 --> 00:02:19,440
Kama wewe ni kutekeleza
na arrays, unataka

55
00:02:19,440 --> 00:02:22,350
kuhakikisha kuweka wimbo wa
wote ukubwa na uwezo.

56
00:02:22,350 --> 00:02:27,540
Hivyo ukubwa ni kwenda kuwa sasa
idadi ya mambo katika stack yako,

57
00:02:27,540 --> 00:02:32,900
ambapo uwezo ni idadi ya jumla
mambo unaweza kuhifadhi katika stack yako.

58
00:02:32,900 --> 00:02:34,220
Baridi.

59
00:02:34,220 --> 00:02:35,767
>> Sana vile vile, tuna foleni.

60
00:02:35,767 --> 00:02:38,850
Katika kesi hiyo, badala ya kufikiria juu ya
stack ya trays, fikiria line.

61
00:02:38,850 --> 00:02:40,697
Hii ni kwenda kuwa ya kwanza katika, kwanza nje.

62
00:02:40,697 --> 00:02:42,780
Hivyo kama wewe ni wamejipanga kwa
kitu katika kuhifadhi,

63
00:02:42,780 --> 00:02:46,920
ni matumaini yetu kwamba mtu wa kwanza katika
mstari ni kwenda kusaidiwa kwanza.

64
00:02:46,920 --> 00:02:49,350
>> Badala ya kusema kushinikiza na
pop kama sisi kufanya kwa stack,

65
00:02:49,350 --> 00:02:52,000
sisi tu kusema enqueue na dequeue.

66
00:02:52,000 --> 00:02:54,970
Na tena, kama wewe ni
utekelezaji huu kwa safu,

67
00:02:54,970 --> 00:02:56,720
tunahitaji kuweka wimbo
si tu ukubwa wa

68
00:02:56,720 --> 00:03:02,390
na uwezo, lakini pia kichwa, ambayo
ni kwenda kuwa mbele ya foleni yetu.

69
00:03:02,390 --> 00:03:03,010
Baridi.

70
00:03:03,010 --> 00:03:05,770
Maswali yoyote juu ya yoyote ya kwamba?

71
00:03:05,770 --> 00:03:06,320
Kutisha.

72
00:03:06,320 --> 00:03:07,640
Kusonga haki pamoja.

73
00:03:07,640 --> 00:03:08,564
>> OK, meza hash.

74
00:03:08,564 --> 00:03:10,605
Hapa ni mahali ambapo kuanza kwa
kupata kweli ya kuvutia.

75
00:03:10,605 --> 00:03:14,150
Hivyo meza hash ni utekelezaji moja
ya safu associative.

76
00:03:14,150 --> 00:03:16,700
Hivyo kimsingi kile kilichotokea
ni sisi kuwa pembejeo hii yote,

77
00:03:16,700 --> 00:03:18,750
na sisi kutoa kwa hash
kazi ambayo anasema,

78
00:03:18,750 --> 00:03:21,840
OK, hii ni mahali ambapo katika
hash meza ni mali.

79
00:03:21,840 --> 00:03:24,860
>> Hivyo rahisi heshi
kwamba tumeona ni kusema tu,

80
00:03:24,860 --> 00:03:28,170
OK, tuseme tunataka kuweka
masharti katika hash yetu meza.

81
00:03:28,170 --> 00:03:30,870
Na wazo kweli rahisi
inaweza kuwa kusema, sawa,

82
00:03:30,870 --> 00:03:34,350
hebu tu aina na
barua ya kwanza ya neno.

83
00:03:34,350 --> 00:03:37,570
Hivyo unaweza kuona hapa, sisi kuchukua ndizi,
sisi kuweka njia heshi,

84
00:03:37,570 --> 00:03:40,190
na inasema, hey, kwamba
anatakiwa kwenda kwenye ripoti 1.

85
00:03:40,190 --> 00:03:45,120
>> Ili tuweze kimsingi kufikiria hash
meza kama kundi la ndoo tofauti.

86
00:03:45,120 --> 00:03:49,880
Na kila moja ya ndoo wale ni kwenda
kushikilia mkuu wa orodha wanaohusishwa.

87
00:03:49,880 --> 00:03:55,030
Na katika orodha hiyo wanaohusishwa ni wapi tunaweza
kweli kuweka vipande mbalimbali ya data.

88
00:03:55,030 --> 00:03:57,820
>> Hivyo mbizi kidogo zaidi
ndani ya heshi, hapa ni

89
00:03:57,820 --> 00:03:59,870
mfano mimi tu
ilivyoelezwa ambapo sisi tu kusema,

90
00:03:59,870 --> 00:04:02,460
OK, kuchukua barua ya kwanza
ya neno na tuko

91
00:04:02,460 --> 00:04:03,990
kwenda aina yake katika ndoo.

92
00:04:03,990 --> 00:04:08,490
Hivyo labda, kutakuwa na 26 ndoo,
moja kwa kila herufi za alfabeti.

93
00:04:08,490 --> 00:04:10,090
Kwa nini si hii kubwa heshi?

94
00:04:10,090 --> 00:04:13,461
Kinachofanya zisizo bora hili?

95
00:04:13,461 --> 00:04:13,960
Naam.

96
00:04:13,960 --> 00:04:15,790
>> Watazamaji: Wewe ni kwenda
kuwa na migongano.

97
00:04:15,790 --> 00:04:16,390
>> HANNAH BLUMBERG: Yeah, kwa uhakika.

98
00:04:16,390 --> 00:04:18,000
Wewe ni kwenda na migongano.

99
00:04:18,000 --> 00:04:18,954
Hivyo hiyo ni kitu kimoja.

100
00:04:18,954 --> 00:04:21,620
Na tutaweza majadiliano juu ya jinsi tunaweza
kurekebisha migongano katika haki ya pili.

101
00:04:21,620 --> 00:04:23,980
Tatizo jingine na hii
Hasa heshi

102
00:04:23,980 --> 00:04:25,980
ni kwamba tofauti yetu
ndoo ni kwenda kuwa

103
00:04:25,980 --> 00:04:28,960
ukubwa wa pretty kasi tofauti.

104
00:04:28,960 --> 00:04:33,840
>> Tunajua kwamba kuna mengi yote
maneno zaidi kwamba kuanza na kuliko X,

105
00:04:33,840 --> 00:04:38,980
hivyo sisi ni kwenda na sana
ndoo unbalanced katika hash yetu meza.

106
00:04:38,980 --> 00:04:40,050
Baridi.

107
00:04:40,050 --> 00:04:41,340
Hivyo yeah, hebu kupata nyuma
hatua ya migongano.

108
00:04:41,340 --> 00:04:42,900
Tufanye nini kama kuna mgongano?

109
00:04:42,900 --> 00:04:44,490
>> Tuna wanandoa chaguzi mbalimbali.

110
00:04:44,490 --> 00:04:47,600
Hivyo moja, hivyo kudhani sisi ni kujaribu
kuweka berry katika hash yetu meza.

111
00:04:47,600 --> 00:04:50,370
Na tunaona, loo, tunataka
kuiweka katika ripoti 1,

112
00:04:50,370 --> 00:04:52,070
lakini ndizi tayari anaishi huko.

113
00:04:52,070 --> 00:04:53,110
Je, ni sisi kwenda kufanya?

114
00:04:53,110 --> 00:04:54,560
Tuna chaguzi mbili kuu.

115
00:04:54,560 --> 00:04:58,050
>> Namba moja ni tunaweza kusema, sawa,
hakuna chumba katika ripoti 1,

116
00:04:58,050 --> 00:05:03,210
lakini hebu tu kuweka kutafuta njia ya
mpaka tunaweza kupata doa jingine wazi.

117
00:05:03,210 --> 00:05:08,490
Hivyo tutaweza kusema, sawa,
hebu kuiweka katika doa 3.

118
00:05:08,490 --> 00:05:09,240
Hiyo ni chaguo moja.

119
00:05:09,240 --> 00:05:11,470
Hiyo inaitwa linear uchunguzi.

120
00:05:11,470 --> 00:05:15,500
>> Na chaguo la pili ni kusema, OK, vizuri,
hebu tu kufanya kila mmoja ndoo

121
00:05:15,500 --> 00:05:17,470
kuwa wakuu wa orodha wanaohusishwa.

122
00:05:17,470 --> 00:05:21,910
Na ni sawa ikiwa kuna zaidi
kuliko kitu kimoja katika ndoo.

123
00:05:21,910 --> 00:05:23,820
Tunakwenda tu kwa
append ni kwenye mbele.

124
00:05:23,820 --> 00:05:26,032
Hivyo hapa unaweza kuona, sawa,
wakati sisi kuingizwa berry, sisi

125
00:05:26,032 --> 00:05:28,240
tu alichukua ndizi, aina ya
kusukuma ni juu kidogo

126
00:05:28,240 --> 00:05:29,842
na kurusha berry katika huko.

127
00:05:29,842 --> 00:05:31,050
Na hiyo ndiyo pia kabisa faini.

128
00:05:31,050 --> 00:05:32,830
Hii inaitwa tofauti chaining.

129
00:05:32,830 --> 00:05:38,100
Unaweza kufikiria hili kama aina ya kama
safu ya wakuu wa orodha wanaohusishwa.

130
00:05:38,100 --> 00:05:41,950
Maswali yoyote juu ya hash
meza, kazi hash?

131
00:05:41,950 --> 00:05:44,290
Kutisha.

132
00:05:44,290 --> 00:05:45,470
>> Miti na inajaribu.

133
00:05:45,470 --> 00:05:47,287
Hivyo mti ni aina yoyote
muundo wa data

134
00:05:47,287 --> 00:05:49,453
ambapo kuna aina fulani
ya uongozi au aina fulani

135
00:05:49,453 --> 00:05:51,247
ya cheo na vitu yako tofauti.

136
00:05:51,247 --> 00:05:53,580
Na hii itakuwa super
wazi tunapoona mfano.

137
00:05:53,580 --> 00:05:56,960
Na tuliona inajaribu, pamoja
na meza hash, katika pset5--

138
00:05:56,960 --> 00:06:00,700
ambayo, tena, haki kabisa mchezo
kwa hii quiz-- kama data mwingine

139
00:06:00,700 --> 00:06:03,110
miundo ambayo tunaweza
kuhifadhi vitu mbalimbali.

140
00:06:03,110 --> 00:06:06,782
Katika kesi ya kamusi,
sisi kuhifadhiwa na kundi la maneno.

141
00:06:06,782 --> 00:06:08,240
Basi hebu tuangalie baadhi ya miti.

142
00:06:08,240 --> 00:06:10,190
Hivyo hii ni mfano wa mti.

143
00:06:10,190 --> 00:06:13,105
Ina aina ya muundo,
kwamba muundo wa kihierarkia,

144
00:06:13,105 --> 00:06:15,920
ambapo unaweza kuona kwamba
hii nodi 1 juu

145
00:06:15,920 --> 00:06:20,750
ina aina fulani ya cheo juu ya 2 na 3,
ambayo ni juu ya 4, 5, na 6 na 7,

146
00:06:20,750 --> 00:06:22,860
ambayo ni juu ya 8 na 9.

147
00:06:22,860 --> 00:06:25,210
Hivyo kwamba wote maana sisi na
mti, hivyo unaweza tu aina

148
00:06:25,210 --> 00:06:26,660
ya picha hii katika kichwa yako.

149
00:06:26,660 --> 00:06:29,050
>> Sasa, sisi kuwa wanandoa wa
miti zaidi maalumu.

150
00:06:29,050 --> 00:06:31,070
Hivyo mfano mmoja ni mti binary.

151
00:06:31,070 --> 00:06:33,290
Na mti binary ni,
tena, tu kwenda kuwa

152
00:06:33,290 --> 00:06:37,040
muundo wa data na aina fulani ya
uongozi, lakini kila mmoja nodes

153
00:06:37,040 --> 00:06:38,650
unaweza kuwa saa zaidi watoto wawili.

154
00:06:38,650 --> 00:06:41,530
Hapo ndipo neno mapacha anatokea.

155
00:06:41,530 --> 00:06:43,410
Hivyo hii ni mfano wa mti binary.

156
00:06:43,410 --> 00:06:45,720
Hivyo hiyo ni jamii ndogo ya miti.

157
00:06:45,720 --> 00:06:48,960
>> Sasa hebu kupata hata zaidi maalum na
majadiliano juu ya mapacha trees-- binary tafuta

158
00:06:48,960 --> 00:06:51,310
miti, hasa.

159
00:06:51,310 --> 00:06:56,430
Hivyo hapa wazo ni sio tu
kila nodi na saa zaidi watoto wawili,

160
00:06:56,430 --> 00:07:00,300
lakini wote wa wana wa
kushoto ni kwenda kuwa ndogo

161
00:07:00,300 --> 00:07:03,450
na wote wa wana wa
haki ni kwenda kuwa kubwa.

162
00:07:03,450 --> 00:07:05,890
Hivyo taarifa katika tu wetu
mti binary, kuna

163
00:07:05,890 --> 00:07:08,650
hakuna uhusiano kati ya namba.

164
00:07:08,650 --> 00:07:12,990
Lakini katika kutafuta yetu mapacha
mti, tunaona, OK, hapa ni 44.

165
00:07:12,990 --> 00:07:17,080
Na kila idadi ya kushoto ya 44 ni
ndogo na kila kitu na haki

166
00:07:17,080 --> 00:07:17,920
ni kubwa.

167
00:07:17,920 --> 00:07:20,130
>> Na kwamba ana katika kila
Kiwango cha mti.

168
00:07:20,130 --> 00:07:24,810
Hivyo hapa, hii ni ndogo kuliko
22 na hii ni kubwa kuliko 22.

169
00:07:24,810 --> 00:07:26,390
Na hiyo ndiyo binary tafuta mti.

170
00:07:26,390 --> 00:07:28,900
Kwa nini tunadhani ni kuitwa
binary tafuta mti?

171
00:07:28,900 --> 00:07:30,651
Nini algorithm gani kuwakumbusha?

172
00:07:30,651 --> 00:07:31,650
Watazamaji: Search kisha.

173
00:07:31,650 --> 00:07:32,480
HANNAH BLUMBERG: Search kisha.

174
00:07:32,480 --> 00:07:35,150
Kwa sababu kama wewe ni kuangalia kwa
idadi fulani katika mti huu,

175
00:07:35,150 --> 00:07:38,800
katika kila hatua, unaweza tu kubisha
mbali nusu ya mti, ambayo ni kubwa.

176
00:07:38,800 --> 00:07:43,800
Na hivyo hiyo ni kwenda kutupa kitu
kwamba inaonekana mengi kama tafuta binary.

177
00:07:43,800 --> 00:07:45,870
Maswali yoyote?

178
00:07:45,870 --> 00:07:47,570
Haki wote, baridi.

179
00:07:47,570 --> 00:07:48,560
>> Haki wote, anajaribu.

180
00:07:48,560 --> 00:07:49,657
Kila mtu favorite.

181
00:07:49,657 --> 00:07:51,990
Hivyo hii ni mfano kwamba
tumeona rundo darasani.

182
00:07:51,990 --> 00:07:54,710
Na tena, hii ni nyingine tu
njia hiyo tunaweza kuhifadhi data.

183
00:07:54,710 --> 00:07:57,530
Katika kesi ya kamusi, tena,
hii ni kwenda tu kuwa masharti.

184
00:07:57,530 --> 00:08:00,870
Basi hebu angalia nini hii kwa kweli
Inaonekana kama katika ngazi ya chini kidogo.

185
00:08:00,870 --> 00:08:03,690
>> Hivyo hebu tuangalie
kwenye nodi katika trie moja.

186
00:08:03,690 --> 00:08:07,532
Na tunaona, sawa, kuna kwenda
kuwa Boolean na node,

187
00:08:07,532 --> 00:08:09,170
pointer nodi.

188
00:08:09,170 --> 00:08:11,400
Na tunaona kwamba
Boolean inaitwa is_word.

189
00:08:11,400 --> 00:08:13,490
Hivyo kimsingi, hiyo ni
kwenda yanahusiana

190
00:08:13,490 --> 00:08:16,750
kwa hawa pembetatu kidogo ambayo
anasema, kama wewe wameweza kujipatia hapa,

191
00:08:16,750 --> 00:08:19,100
Nimepata neno kamili.

192
00:08:19,100 --> 00:08:23,670
>> Tunajua kwamba "Turing" juu ya
hapa ni neno kamili,

193
00:08:23,670 --> 00:08:28,030
ilhali tu T-U-R sio neno
kwa sababu hatuoni kwamba delta kidogo.

194
00:08:28,030 --> 00:08:31,440
Na kwamba delta kidogo, tena,
sambamba na is_word hii,

195
00:08:31,440 --> 00:08:34,480
hii is_word Boolean.

196
00:08:34,480 --> 00:08:36,320
Na kisha tuna safu ya watoto.

197
00:08:36,320 --> 00:08:39,860
Hivyo katika kila ngazi,
na node fulani,

198
00:08:39,860 --> 00:08:42,470
na kwamba pointi nodi kwa
safu ya alfabeti nzima.

199
00:08:42,470 --> 00:08:44,346
>> Hivyo unaweza kuona, tena,
katika picture-- hii mimi nina

200
00:08:44,346 --> 00:08:48,170
kwenda kuweka kuruka nyuma na
sana aliye mzaa kwamba kwamba safu juu

201
00:08:48,170 --> 00:08:51,640
ina rundo la tofauti
nodes kuja mbali ya hiyo.

202
00:08:51,640 --> 00:08:57,140
Ina 26, au 27 kama unataka
ni pamoja na tabia za ziada.

203
00:08:57,140 --> 00:09:01,320
Na hii inatupa
njia ya kuhifadhi takwimu zetu

204
00:09:01,320 --> 00:09:04,450
kwa njia ambayo inaweza kuwa inaonekana juu ya
kwamba unaweza kuangalia juu super kufunga.

205
00:09:04,450 --> 00:09:06,650
Chaguo-wakati kwa trie ni nini?

206
00:09:06,650 --> 00:09:07,970
>> Watazamaji: [inaudible].

207
00:09:07,970 --> 00:09:08,300
>> HANNAH BLUMBERG: Naam.

208
00:09:08,300 --> 00:09:09,550
Katika nadharia, ni wakati wa mara kwa mara.

209
00:09:09,550 --> 00:09:13,230
Ni tu kwenda kuwa ukubwa wa
neno kwamba unataka kuangalia juu.

210
00:09:13,230 --> 00:09:15,950
Hata kama sisi kuongeza zillion
maneno zaidi kwa trie yetu,

211
00:09:15,950 --> 00:09:18,160
si kwenda kuchukua yetu
tena kuamua

212
00:09:18,160 --> 00:09:19,690
kama neno aliyopewa ni katika trie.

213
00:09:19,690 --> 00:09:21,412
Hivyo hiyo ni kweli nzuri.

214
00:09:21,412 --> 00:09:23,697
>> Watazamaji: Je, wewe tu
initialize kwamba safu?

215
00:09:23,697 --> 00:09:24,780
Amekosa hatua moja au mbili.

216
00:09:24,780 --> 00:09:26,130
Je, unaweza tu majadiliano juu ya
kwamba kwa mara ya pili?

217
00:09:26,130 --> 00:09:26,680
>> HANNAH BLUMBERG: Hakika, kabisa.

218
00:09:26,680 --> 00:09:27,590
Nzuri swali.

219
00:09:27,590 --> 00:09:31,140
Swali lilikuwa, sisi
na safu hiyo ni

220
00:09:31,140 --> 00:09:34,180
kwenda na nyota nodi kama
kinyume na node tu, sawa?

221
00:09:34,180 --> 00:09:35,180
Baridi.

222
00:09:35,180 --> 00:09:37,990
Hivyo hapa ni nini sisi ni kusema
ni safu yetu ni

223
00:09:37,990 --> 00:09:40,035
kwenda kuwa kuyatumia kwa arrays mengine.

224
00:09:40,035 --> 00:09:42,910
Hivyo ni essentially-- ni aina ya
anahisi kama orodha wanaohusishwa kwa njia hii

225
00:09:42,910 --> 00:09:46,620
ambapo kila mmoja wa watoto hawa
tu uhakika na nodi ijayo.

226
00:09:46,620 --> 00:09:49,030
>> Na kwa njia hiyo sisi
kweli kuamua, hey, sawa,

227
00:09:49,030 --> 00:09:52,320
tumekuwa iterated kupitia nzima
neno, ni neno hili katika kamusi,

228
00:09:52,320 --> 00:09:54,476
sisi tu kuangalia is_word hii.

229
00:09:54,476 --> 00:09:55,100
Mkuu swali.

230
00:09:55,100 --> 00:09:55,675
Naam.

231
00:09:55,675 --> 00:09:56,216
Watazamaji: Sawa.

232
00:09:56,216 --> 00:09:57,470
Kwa hiyo kile ni Runtime kwa trie?

233
00:09:57,470 --> 00:09:58,386
>> HANNAH BLUMBERG: Ni kweli.

234
00:09:58,386 --> 00:10:01,852
Hivyo Runtime kwa trie kwa
chaguo-ni kwenda kuwa wakati mara kwa mara.

235
00:10:01,852 --> 00:10:04,310
Hivyo ni kwenda tu kuwa
idadi ya herufi katika neno.

236
00:10:04,310 --> 00:10:06,310
Ni hautegemei
ukubwa wa kamusi

237
00:10:06,310 --> 00:10:09,510
au ukubwa wa muundo data.

238
00:10:09,510 --> 00:10:12,170
Hivyo hapa ni mfano kidogo rahisi.

239
00:10:12,170 --> 00:10:15,430
>> Katika kesi hiyo, unaweza kuona kwamba
neno popo ni katika kamusi

240
00:10:15,430 --> 00:10:18,900
na una zoom, lakini wewe
hawana kitu kama zoo.

241
00:10:18,900 --> 00:10:20,050
Jinsi gani sisi kufanya zoo?

242
00:10:20,050 --> 00:10:24,276
Je, sisi kuongeza zoo kwa wetu
kamusi, kwa trie zetu?

243
00:10:24,276 --> 00:10:24,776
Naam.

244
00:10:24,776 --> 00:10:27,014
>> Watazamaji: Tengeneza is_word
kweli kwa [inaudible].

245
00:10:27,014 --> 00:10:27,930
HANNAH BLUMBERG: Good.

246
00:10:27,930 --> 00:10:31,731
Hivyo tunatarajia kusema Z-O-O, na kisha sisi d
unataka kuangalia mbali sanduku kuwa vilevile.

247
00:10:31,731 --> 00:10:32,230
Kubwa.

248
00:10:32,230 --> 00:10:35,160

249
00:10:35,160 --> 00:10:37,930
Hebu kulinganisha kwa ufupi sana
anajaribu dhidi meza hash.

250
00:10:37,930 --> 00:10:39,770
Inajaribu ni kubwa kweli kweli
kwa sababu, kama sisi alisema,

251
00:10:39,770 --> 00:10:41,610
wao kutoa mara kwa mara wakati Luke.

252
00:10:41,610 --> 00:10:44,285
Lakini hasara kubwa ya
ni wao uko humongous.

253
00:10:44,285 --> 00:10:46,160
Unaweza kupata hisia,
hata kwa kuangalia saa yake,

254
00:10:46,160 --> 00:10:48,454
kwamba ni kwenda kuchukua
kiasi kikubwa cha kumbukumbu.

255
00:10:48,454 --> 00:10:50,620
Hivyo wao wanaenda kuwa na kiasi
kubwa kuliko meza hash,

256
00:10:50,620 --> 00:10:52,270
lakini wao wanaenda kutoa
sisi mara kwa kasi zaidi Luke.

257
00:10:52,270 --> 00:10:54,478
Hivyo hiyo ni aina ya yako
tradeoff, nini huduma ya juu,

258
00:10:54,478 --> 00:10:57,350
kama ni kasi au kumbukumbu.

259
00:10:57,350 --> 00:11:02,251
Maswali yoyote juu ya yoyote ya kwamba,
wote wa miundo C data.

260
00:11:02,251 --> 00:11:02,750
Nzuri.

261
00:11:02,750 --> 00:11:03,250
SAWA.

262
00:11:03,250 --> 00:11:07,322
Tunakwenda hoja juu ya kidogo
kidogo ya maendeleo ya mtandao kwa Maria.

263
00:11:07,322 --> 00:11:08,280
MARIA ZLATKOVA: Lovely.

264
00:11:08,280 --> 00:11:09,036
SAWA.

265
00:11:09,036 --> 00:11:10,380
>> HANNAH BLUMBERG: Unaweza kutumia laptop yangu.

266
00:11:10,380 --> 00:11:11,255
>> MARIA ZLATKOVA: Nice.

267
00:11:11,255 --> 00:11:13,320

268
00:11:13,320 --> 00:11:14,912
OK, baridi.

269
00:11:14,912 --> 00:11:17,120
Kama sisi kusonga sasa kwa mtandao
maendeleo, sisi aliyesema kidogo

270
00:11:17,120 --> 00:11:20,680
kuhusu kubadilisha ruhusa
ya files na directories

271
00:11:20,680 --> 00:11:24,190
ili waweze kuwa kupatikana
kwa watumiaji wengine, kwa dunia,

272
00:11:24,190 --> 00:11:28,640
na ili tuweze kuona ni jinsi
kimsingi tunaweza kufikisha yao

273
00:11:28,640 --> 00:11:32,600
wakati sisi kuendeleza mambo kama tovuti
kwamba tumekuwa wengi wao wakiwa wamekuwa wakifanya.

274
00:11:32,600 --> 00:11:36,400
>> Hivyo tuliona amri chmod,
ambayo ni hali ya mabadiliko, kimsingi.

275
00:11:36,400 --> 00:11:39,300
Hiyo ni amri ya Linux na
ni mabadiliko ya ruhusa

276
00:11:39,300 --> 00:11:40,410
ya mfumo wa faili vitu.

277
00:11:40,410 --> 00:11:43,370
Na mfumo wa faili kitu ni
tu directory, faili,

278
00:11:43,370 --> 00:11:46,810
chochote ambacho unaweza
mabadiliko ya ruhusa ya.

279
00:11:46,810 --> 00:11:53,750
>> Hivyo kuona ruhusa ya faili,
sisi aina ya amri ls, orodha, -l.

280
00:11:53,750 --> 00:11:56,500
Na wakati sisi aina hiyo, sisi
kawaida kuona baadhi ruhusa

281
00:11:56,500 --> 00:11:59,660
ili kuangalia aina ya kama hii
mbele ya jina directory.

282
00:11:59,660 --> 00:12:01,260
Hivyo d inahusu directory.

283
00:12:01,260 --> 00:12:05,930
Na kisha tuna tatu
triads kwamba kimsingi

284
00:12:05,930 --> 00:12:11,675
rejea ruhusa ya ama
user, kundi, au dunia.

285
00:12:11,675 --> 00:12:16,490
>> Aina ya ruhusa kwamba tunaweza
na kwa hayo makundi matatu ya watu

286
00:12:16,490 --> 00:12:20,830
ni aidha r kwa kusoma, w kwa
kuandika, na x kwa kutekeleza.

287
00:12:20,830 --> 00:12:23,650
Na tunaweza kuwa wale kwa
Kundi na dunia pia.

288
00:12:23,650 --> 00:12:26,940
Jambo gumu ni kwamba wakati mwingine
wakati sisi aina ya amri chmod,

289
00:12:26,940 --> 00:12:32,960
tunataka aina baadhi ya idadi
kwamba ilihusisha vipande tatu.

290
00:12:32,960 --> 00:12:36,990
Hivyo tunaweza kufanya kama
777 na kwamba kimsingi

291
00:12:36,990 --> 00:12:40,450
inajulikana ongezeko la thamani
ya kila moja ya triads hizi

292
00:12:40,450 --> 00:12:45,060
kwa sababu r bila kutaja 4, w ingekuwa
rejea 2, na x bila kutaja 1,

293
00:12:45,060 --> 00:12:50,020
hivyo wakati aliongeza up, kila moja ya namba
ashuke na idadi ya nyongeza

294
00:12:50,020 --> 00:12:52,750
kwa nyongeza thamani kati ya 0 na 7.

295
00:12:52,750 --> 00:12:55,150
Hivyo tunaweza pia 0
kwa ruhusa hakuna wakati wote.

296
00:12:55,150 --> 00:12:58,200
Na kwamba itakuwa kimsingi kutupa
ruhusa kwa mtumiaji ama,

297
00:12:58,200 --> 00:13:00,450
kikundi, au dunia.

298
00:13:00,450 --> 00:13:02,620
Maswali yoyote juu ya hii hadi sasa?

299
00:13:02,620 --> 00:13:05,331
>> Watazamaji: alisema anasoma ilikuwa 4?

300
00:13:05,331 --> 00:13:06,164
MARIA ZLATKOVA: Ndiyo.

301
00:13:06,164 --> 00:13:07,568
Watazamaji: [inaudible].

302
00:13:07,568 --> 00:13:08,504
HANNAH BLUMBERG: Yup.

303
00:13:08,504 --> 00:13:11,790
Watazamaji: Na kisha kwa kuongeza wale wote
wengine ingekuwa zinaonyesha namba yako.

304
00:13:11,790 --> 00:13:12,665
MARIA ZLATKOVA: Naam.

305
00:13:12,665 --> 00:13:14,970
Naam.

306
00:13:14,970 --> 00:13:17,810
Haya ni maswali makubwa.

307
00:13:17,810 --> 00:13:20,490
Nzuri.

308
00:13:20,490 --> 00:13:25,340
Baada ya hapo, sisi akaruka ndani ya HTML na a
kidogo zaidi kuhusu maendeleo ya mtandao.

309
00:13:25,340 --> 00:13:27,990
Hivyo HTML tu ina maana
HyperText ghafi lugha.

310
00:13:27,990 --> 00:13:30,460
Na kwamba ni ghafi
lugha ambayo ni kiwango cha

311
00:13:30,460 --> 00:13:32,720
kwamba ni kutumika kujenga kurasa za mtandao.

312
00:13:32,720 --> 00:13:35,750
>> Ni wito lugha ghafi
kwa sababu si kweli ulioandaliwa.

313
00:13:35,750 --> 00:13:40,310
Haisemi jinsi baadhi ya kanuni lazima
wauawe au kitu kama hicho.

314
00:13:40,310 --> 00:13:44,800
Ni tu delineates na
inaeleza jinsi mtandao

315
00:13:44,800 --> 00:13:46,840
ukurasa lazima kuanzisha
na kila moja ya mambo yake

316
00:13:46,840 --> 00:13:48,460
na jinsi wanapaswa kuangalia kwa mtumiaji.

317
00:13:48,460 --> 00:13:53,090

318
00:13:53,090 --> 00:13:57,110
>> Baadhi ya HTML kwamba sisi
wakaenda upande wa pili ni yafuatayo.

319
00:13:57,110 --> 00:14:00,500
Yote ya HTML nyaraka wetu
ilianza na DOCTYPE html.

320
00:14:00,500 --> 00:14:02,550
Kisha sisi daima kuwa html tag.

321
00:14:02,550 --> 00:14:03,930
Tuna kichwa na mwili.

322
00:14:03,930 --> 00:14:07,890
Na ni muhimu kwamba HTML ina
aina hii ya mfumo wa Furushi

323
00:14:07,890 --> 00:14:09,280
sababu ni wazi kabisa.

324
00:14:09,280 --> 00:14:13,200
Na kisha inakuwa wazi sana wakati sisi
haja ya kufungua na kweli vitambulisho karibu.

325
00:14:13,200 --> 00:14:18,400
Na sisi daima haja ya karibu
vitambulisho kwamba tumekuwa kufunguliwa.

326
00:14:18,400 --> 00:14:23,170
>> Na hapa tuna baadhi ya aina
mambo mbele kwamba tunataka kuwa nayo.

327
00:14:23,170 --> 00:14:26,580
Hivyo tuna, kwa mfano,
jina la CS50.

328
00:14:26,580 --> 00:14:31,980
Na kisha sisi kweli
Unaweza kuunganisha karatasi style

329
00:14:31,980 --> 00:14:34,030
amefafanua kuwa jinsi sisi style tovuti yetu.

330
00:14:34,030 --> 00:14:35,650
Hiyo ni CSS.

331
00:14:35,650 --> 00:14:39,320
Tunakwenda kwenda juu yake katika
michache ijayo slides pia.

332
00:14:39,320 --> 00:14:42,580
>> Ndani ya mwili, sisi kuweka
baadhi ya madarasa na vitambulisho.

333
00:14:42,580 --> 00:14:45,860
Na kama kumbukumbu, tena,
Vitambulisho vya ni ya kipekee na madarasa

334
00:14:45,860 --> 00:14:47,390
inaweza kwa ajili ya vitu mbalimbali.

335
00:14:47,390 --> 00:14:52,110
Na kwamba tu ina maana kwamba
tunaweza kutumia madarasa na vitambulisho

336
00:14:52,110 --> 00:14:55,860
ndani ya structures-- mengine hivyo, kwa
mfano, ndani ya mafaili CSS au style

337
00:14:55,860 --> 00:15:00,940
sheets-- kwa kutaja vipengele maalum
na kimsingi kusema kwamba tunataka style

338
00:15:00,940 --> 00:15:03,280
au kubuni baadhi ya kipengele
katika baadhi ya njia fulani.

339
00:15:03,280 --> 00:15:06,440
Na sisi rejea kwao na
Vitambulisho vya zao na madarasa.

340
00:15:06,440 --> 00:15:09,870
Na tunaweza pia kutaja
mambo mbalimbali na vitambulisho pia,

341
00:15:09,870 --> 00:15:13,830
lakini vitambulisho na madarasa kutupa baadhi tu
versatility na nini hasa sisi

342
00:15:13,830 --> 00:15:15,850
wanataka rejea.

343
00:15:15,850 --> 00:15:19,620
>> Hivyo mfano tu.

344
00:15:19,620 --> 00:15:22,730
Tunaweza, tena, ndani ya
CSS faili ambapo sisi

345
00:15:22,730 --> 00:15:25,770
wanataka kufafanua baadhi
style-- hivyo rangi, fonts,

346
00:15:25,770 --> 00:15:30,340
na mambo kama hicho tunaweza
kufafanua style kwa mwili.

347
00:15:30,340 --> 00:15:32,640
Hivyo kwamba itakuwa kufafanua
kwa mwili mzima tag.

348
00:15:32,640 --> 00:15:36,160
Lakini basi tunaweza pia kufafanua
style kwa #title.

349
00:15:36,160 --> 00:15:40,390
Na tena, hashtag inahusu yetu
ID na nukta inahusu darasa letu.

350
00:15:40,390 --> 00:15:44,760
>> Na kisha kwa .info, sisi
Unaweza pia kuweka baadhi ya sifa.

351
00:15:44,760 --> 00:15:49,750
Na tena, wakati sisi kurudi nyuma, tulikuwa na yetu
tabaka la inaitwa maelezo na ID kichwa yetu.

352
00:15:49,750 --> 00:15:53,422
Na tunaweza kuona kwamba sisi rejea
kwao na #title na .info.

353
00:15:53,422 --> 00:15:55,380
Watazamaji: Je, unaweza kusema
hashtag [? kupitisha kwangu? ?]

354
00:15:55,380 --> 00:15:55,725
MARIA ZLATKOVA: Sorry?

355
00:15:55,725 --> 00:15:58,120
Watazamaji: Je, unaweza kusema
hashtag [? kupitisha kwangu? ?]

356
00:15:58,120 --> 00:16:01,400
MARIA ZLATKOVA: Hashtag
ina maana kitambulisho, hivyo #title

357
00:16:01,400 --> 00:16:07,890
inahusu chochote mambo
na ID huu inaitwa taji.

358
00:16:07,890 --> 00:16:10,735
Na kisha nukta inahusu darasani.

359
00:16:10,735 --> 00:16:14,590
Hivyo .info inahusu kipengele hiki
kwa sababu ina maelezo darasani.

360
00:16:14,590 --> 00:16:15,090
Yup.

361
00:16:15,090 --> 00:16:17,905
>> Watazamaji: Kwa nini
kutofautisha yao katika HTML?

362
00:16:17,905 --> 00:16:20,985
Kwa nini unasema mambo fulani ni
Vitambulisho vya na mambo fulani ni darasa?

363
00:16:20,985 --> 00:16:22,610
MARIA ZLATKOVA: Hiyo tu hadi you--

364
00:16:22,610 --> 00:16:24,151
HANNAH BLUMBERG: Rudia swali.

365
00:16:24,151 --> 00:16:25,370
MARIA ZLATKOVA: Oh, pole.

366
00:16:25,370 --> 00:16:29,480
Kwa nini sisi kutofautisha mambo fulani
kama vitambulisho na mambo mengine kama madarasa?

367
00:16:29,480 --> 00:16:34,760
Hiyo tu kwa sababu ni
kweli mara nyingi kubuni uchaguzi.

368
00:16:34,760 --> 00:16:38,520
Ni inakupa mengi ya
versatility katika kuwa

369
00:16:38,520 --> 00:16:43,250
uwezo wa kusema nataka bidhaa hii maalum
kuwa na ID huu kwa sababu wanataka

370
00:16:43,250 --> 00:16:45,300
kufanya mambo mengi
na hayo, na mimi tu

371
00:16:45,300 --> 00:16:50,010
wanataka kufafanua mtindo, mtindo fulani
au rangi yoyote kwa bidhaa hiyo.

372
00:16:50,010 --> 00:16:52,630
Na njia ya kufanya hivyo
ni tu kutoa ni ID.

373
00:16:52,630 --> 00:16:55,060
>> Na kisha kama mimi nataka kuwa na
michache ya vitu mbalimbali

374
00:16:55,060 --> 00:16:58,940
kuwa na kwamba, badala ya
kwenda na kuweka their--

375
00:16:58,940 --> 00:17:03,840
badala ya kufanya hivyo kwa
tag kwa sababu tag ingekuwa

376
00:17:03,840 --> 00:17:07,369
kuweka kiini kwa tag nzima
kwa kila wakati tag kwamba ni kutumika,

377
00:17:07,369 --> 00:17:09,740
unaweza kuweka tabaka ya vitu mbalimbali.

378
00:17:09,740 --> 00:17:15,109
Na kisha tu kupata darasa kwamba na kusema
Nataka style darasa hili kwa njia hiyo.

379
00:17:15,109 --> 00:17:17,579
>> Na tena, darasa Unaweza
kuwa vitu mbalimbali mbalimbali

380
00:17:17,579 --> 00:17:21,150
na ID ina kuwa ya kipekee.

381
00:17:21,150 --> 00:17:21,849
Mkuu maswali.

382
00:17:21,849 --> 00:17:25,339
Yoyote maswali mengine?

383
00:17:25,339 --> 00:17:26,220
OK, kutisha.

384
00:17:26,220 --> 00:17:30,680

385
00:17:30,680 --> 00:17:35,330
Tena, hii ni jinsi selectors hizi
ni inatazamwa katika CSS, na hashtag,

386
00:17:35,330 --> 00:17:40,031
kwa nukta, au bila chochote kwa
kumshirikisha mtindo wa baadhi tag,

387
00:17:40,031 --> 00:17:40,530
kama mwili.

388
00:17:40,530 --> 00:17:43,500

389
00:17:43,500 --> 00:17:47,860
Na hapa tuna mkuu
syntax ya jinsi hii inafanywa.

390
00:17:47,860 --> 00:17:52,830

391
00:17:52,830 --> 00:17:55,680
>> Kurudia baadhi bora
mazoea kwa HTML na CSS,

392
00:17:55,680 --> 00:17:59,170
tunahitaji, tena, karibu zote
tags kwamba sisi kufungua.

393
00:17:59,170 --> 00:18:03,950
Na nini sisi ilipendekeza wewe
kufanya kwa ajili ya miradi yako ya mwisho,

394
00:18:03,950 --> 00:18:10,560
kama vile kwa ajili CS50 Fedha, ni kufanya
kuhakikisha kwamba wote wa HTML yako linatambulisha.

395
00:18:10,560 --> 00:18:12,920
Na hiyo ni kufanyika kwa W3 Validator.

396
00:18:12,920 --> 00:18:16,940
>> Na kisha nini tulifanya na
nini sisi kupendekeza kufanya

397
00:18:16,940 --> 00:18:19,790
ni kutenganisha mtindo, hivyo
CSS kutoka HTML ghafi.

398
00:18:19,790 --> 00:18:24,210
Hivyo chochote kwamba inahusiana na jinsi
ukurasa wako ni kwenda kuibua kuangalia

399
00:18:24,210 --> 00:18:27,330
na jinsi ni kwenda kurekebishwa
anatakiwa kwenda katika CSS hati.

400
00:18:27,330 --> 00:18:33,880
Na kisha ghafi yako akisema jinsi mambo
ni kuhusiana na kila mmoja ni HTML,

401
00:18:33,880 --> 00:18:37,550
na kwamba anatakiwa kwenda ndani ya
ya hati yako ya HTML.

402
00:18:37,550 --> 00:18:38,590
Maswali yoyote?

403
00:18:38,590 --> 00:18:39,226
Mhm.

404
00:18:39,226 --> 00:18:42,628
>> Watazamaji: Ni nini hasa kinachoendelea
tarehe na ukurasa uthibitisho

405
00:18:42,628 --> 00:18:47,945
wakati sisi ni kuthibitisha
HTML kwamba [inaudible] umba?

406
00:18:47,945 --> 00:18:49,850
>> MARIA ZLATKOVA: Kwa hiyo what-- unafikiri.

407
00:18:49,850 --> 00:18:53,020
Basi nini hasa kinachoendelea
tarehe na ukurasa uthibitisho

408
00:18:53,020 --> 00:18:55,570
na kwa nini tunahitaji kufanya hivyo?

409
00:18:55,570 --> 00:18:59,180
Kimsingi, sisi haja ya kufanya hivyo
kwa sababu mara nyingi, kisakuzi chako,

410
00:18:59,180 --> 00:19:01,390
kama huna funga tag
au kitu kama hicho,

411
00:19:01,390 --> 00:19:05,680
kisakuzi chako bado ni kwenda
atatoa ukurasa na bado wanaweza kufanya kazi,

412
00:19:05,680 --> 00:19:10,840
lakini ni njia bora ya kuhakikisha kwamba
umefanya, tena, imefungwa vitambulisho yako yote,

413
00:19:10,840 --> 00:19:13,190
kwamba mambo yako yote ni
njia ambayo wanapaswa kuwa,

414
00:19:13,190 --> 00:19:18,470
na kimsingi kwamba ni na
mikataba kwamba ni preset.

415
00:19:18,470 --> 00:19:21,970
>> Ni, tena, tu
Jambo kwamba ni lazima

416
00:19:21,970 --> 00:19:24,040
kuwa kujifunza kuwa kufanya,
kinyume na kuwa

417
00:19:24,040 --> 00:19:25,696
sloppier kanuni na mambo kama hayo.

418
00:19:25,696 --> 00:19:26,688
Naam.

419
00:19:26,688 --> 00:19:27,680
Oh, pole.

420
00:19:27,680 --> 00:19:29,221
Nilidhani wewe walikuwa kuongeza mkono wako.

421
00:19:29,221 --> 00:19:31,240
Watazamaji: Hapana, mimi mara tu [inaudible].

422
00:19:31,240 --> 00:19:33,800
>> MARIA ZLATKOVA: Sawa.

423
00:19:33,800 --> 00:19:34,640
>> Watazamaji: Asante.

424
00:19:34,640 --> 00:19:36,181
>> MARIA ZLATKOVA: Bila shaka, asante.

425
00:19:36,181 --> 00:19:41,680
Hivyo tena, kinachoendelea katika jinsi
habari ni kuhamishwa

426
00:19:41,680 --> 00:19:44,630
na mifano mawasiliano
kuhamisha taarifa.

427
00:19:44,630 --> 00:19:45,730
TCP / IP.

428
00:19:45,730 --> 00:19:48,600
TCP tu ina maana Transmission
Itifaki Kudhibiti na IP

429
00:19:48,600 --> 00:19:51,260
inahusu Itifaki ya internet.

430
00:19:51,260 --> 00:19:54,275
Na kwamba tu ina maana ya
njia data ni kutolewa.

431
00:19:54,275 --> 00:19:59,470

432
00:19:59,470 --> 00:20:02,710
>> Kama tuna baadhi ya data kwamba
inahitaji kutolewa kwa you-- hivyo

433
00:20:02,710 --> 00:20:06,770
wewe kufanya ombi kwa server fulani.

434
00:20:06,770 --> 00:20:09,800
Kwa mfano, wakati sisi
kujaribu kupata cs50.net,

435
00:20:09,800 --> 00:20:12,420
sisi kufanya ombi kwa
CS50 server na sisi

436
00:20:12,420 --> 00:20:14,720
kuona kwamba tunataka kupata
aina hii ya habari.

437
00:20:14,720 --> 00:20:19,294
Na kisha ni msingi itifaki hii
kwa jinsi habari hii ni kutolewa,

438
00:20:19,294 --> 00:20:21,460
server anatoa taarifa
nyuma na sisi, mteja.

439
00:20:21,460 --> 00:20:25,590
Na kisha sisi ni uwezo wa kuona
habari kwa ukurasa

440
00:20:25,590 --> 00:20:26,390
na kisha kuitumia.

441
00:20:26,390 --> 00:20:29,300

442
00:20:29,300 --> 00:20:33,050
>> Hivyo basi HyperText Transfer itifaki
ni tu mwingine itifaki au kuweka

443
00:20:33,050 --> 00:20:37,470
ya mikataba kwamba amefafanua jinsi
kivinjari na mtandao wa kompyuta

444
00:20:37,470 --> 00:20:38,890
lazima kuwasiliana.

445
00:20:38,890 --> 00:20:43,730
Na kuweka hii yote
pamoja, HTTP, tena,

446
00:20:43,730 --> 00:20:50,960
tu amefafanua jinsi HyperText hii inaelezwa
na HTML kwamba tumekuwa kazi yake,

447
00:20:50,960 --> 00:20:59,500
jinsi ni lazima kuwa mikononi wewe na
jinsi takwimu ambazo ni mikononi wewe

448
00:20:59,500 --> 00:21:00,540
anapata wewe.

449
00:21:00,540 --> 00:21:05,990
>> Na hii ndiyo maana, kama wewe guys kumbuka
kutoka darasani, tulikuwa na mengi ya maombi

450
00:21:05,990 --> 00:21:08,970
na tulikuwa na mengi ya syntax
kwa maombi hayo kuwa tuko

451
00:21:08,970 --> 00:21:10,250
kwenda juu hivi sasa.

452
00:21:10,250 --> 00:21:13,270
Hivyo tena, wakati sisi kutuma
ombi kwa kompyuta,

453
00:21:13,270 --> 00:21:15,920
tuna kufafanua mambo kadhaa.

454
00:21:15,920 --> 00:21:18,520
Hivyo tunahitaji kupata aina
ya ombi kwamba sisi ni kuweka.

455
00:21:18,520 --> 00:21:22,180
Na tena, tuna, kwa mfano,
GET ni aina moja ya njia

456
00:21:22,180 --> 00:21:25,290
kwamba sisi katika ombi letu.

457
00:21:25,290 --> 00:21:31,710
>> Na kisha HTTP / 1.1 ni tu
Itifaki kwamba sisi ni kutumia sasa.

458
00:21:31,710 --> 00:21:34,224

459
00:21:34,224 --> 00:21:36,890
Zaidi ya muda, ambayo inaenda
kwa itifaki ambayo sisi ni kutumia.

460
00:21:36,890 --> 00:21:40,290
Hivyo kama una swali
kama kwamba juu ya jaribio lako.

461
00:21:40,290 --> 00:21:43,120
Hiyo ni mikataba
kwamba tuna hadi sasa.

462
00:21:43,120 --> 00:21:46,580
>> Backslash inahusu aina gani
ya mambo ya sisi ni kuomba.

463
00:21:46,580 --> 00:21:52,810
Kisha, jeshi letu ni, kwa mfano, katika hii
kesi, sisi ni kujaribu kwenda google.com.

464
00:21:52,810 --> 00:21:57,070
Hivyo hii ni thamani kwa ajili ya jeshi.

465
00:21:57,070 --> 00:21:59,330
Hii ni aina ya ombi
ambayo inaweza kutumwa.

466
00:21:59,330 --> 00:22:02,890
>> Na kisha aina ya majibu ambayo inaweza
kutumwa, tena, kwa kuzingatia itifaki hii,

467
00:22:02,890 --> 00:22:05,190
ni mara ya pili, HTTP / 1.1.

468
00:22:05,190 --> 00:22:07,150
Hivyo hiyo ni toleo la HTTP tena.

469
00:22:07,150 --> 00:22:09,730
200 sawa tu hali ya kificho.

470
00:22:09,730 --> 00:22:12,860
Na kwamba sawa ni maneno
kulingana na kwamba hali ya kificho.

471
00:22:12,860 --> 00:22:15,520
>> Na kisha maudhui-Aina
inahusu aina

472
00:22:15,520 --> 00:22:20,295
kwamba ni kurudi na wewe kwamba ni
kwa kuwa mtandao kwamba kupokea

473
00:22:20,295 --> 00:22:22,570
na kwamba browser yako
unaweza kutoa baadaye.

474
00:22:22,570 --> 00:22:24,401
Na kwamba ni text / html.

475
00:22:24,401 --> 00:22:26,660
>> Watazamaji: Je 1.1 maana gani?

476
00:22:26,660 --> 00:22:29,910
>> MARIA ZLATKOVA: Hiyo tu
toleo la of-- loo, je 1.1 maana gani?

477
00:22:29,910 --> 00:22:37,075
Hiyo ni toleo, HTTP
toleo la itifaki ambayo sisi ni kutumia.

478
00:22:37,075 --> 00:22:37,700
Mkuu swali.

479
00:22:37,700 --> 00:22:38,366
Maswali mengine?

480
00:22:38,366 --> 00:22:41,222

481
00:22:41,222 --> 00:22:45,080
>> Watazamaji: Je, unaweza kuhitimisha
Maudhui-Aina ya haraka kweli?

482
00:22:45,080 --> 00:22:48,150
>> MARIA ZLATKOVA: Hivyo kwamba
ni nini server.

483
00:22:48,150 --> 00:22:51,020
aina ya information-- nini
aina ya maudhui mara maswali.

484
00:22:51,020 --> 00:22:53,400
Ili kwamba ilikuwa aina ya
habari kwamba kupata nyuma

485
00:22:53,400 --> 00:22:58,200
kutoka server, aina ya
data kwamba browser Unaweza kisha

486
00:22:58,200 --> 00:23:00,604
atatoa kwamba unatumia.

487
00:23:00,604 --> 00:23:03,020
Watazamaji: Ni kwamba kile hii
Itifaki ni kukueleza kwa nini?

488
00:23:03,020 --> 00:23:03,390
MARIA ZLATKOVA: Sorry?

489
00:23:03,390 --> 00:23:05,380
Watazamaji: Ni kwamba kile itifaki kusema?

490
00:23:05,380 --> 00:23:05,915
MARIA ZLATKOVA: protocol--

491
00:23:05,915 --> 00:23:07,940
Watazamaji: --what
Maudhui-Aina ni au what--

492
00:23:07,940 --> 00:23:12,040
MARIA ZLATKOVA: itifaki ni msingi
on-- ni itifaki ninawaambieni kile?

493
00:23:12,040 --> 00:23:16,070
Hiyo ni njia tu
kwamba habari hii

494
00:23:16,070 --> 00:23:18,610
ilikuwa mikononi wewe kwa kuzingatia
juu ya aina gani ya itifaki

495
00:23:18,610 --> 00:23:21,830
ilikuwa habari hii got
mikononi nyuma yenu.

496
00:23:21,830 --> 00:23:23,500
Je, hiyo mantiki aina ya?

497
00:23:23,500 --> 00:23:28,320

498
00:23:28,320 --> 00:23:30,070
HANNAH BLUMBERG: Wewe
unaweza kufikiria itifaki

499
00:23:30,070 --> 00:23:33,300
kama a-- Nadhani Profesa
Malan alieleza

500
00:23:33,300 --> 00:23:36,910
darasani kama aina ya kama a-- ni kama
sawa na handshaking binadamu.

501
00:23:36,910 --> 00:23:44,930
Kusema, kama, hey, mimi nina ombi na mimi
kujua jinsi ya kushughulikia HTTP ya toleo 1.1.

502
00:23:44,930 --> 00:23:48,770
Na kisha server anasema,
loo, sawa, I-- na wote zipo.

503
00:23:48,770 --> 00:23:51,337
Mimi pia kujua jinsi ya kukabiliana na HTTP / 1.1.

504
00:23:51,337 --> 00:23:53,170
Na mimi nina kwenda kutoa
wewe nyuma baadhi ya maudhui.

505
00:23:53,170 --> 00:23:56,230
Katika kesi hiyo, ni kwenda
kuwa wa aina text / html.

506
00:23:56,230 --> 00:23:58,480
Hivyo ni aina ya njia tu
wao kwa communicating--

507
00:23:58,480 --> 00:24:00,480
>> MARIA ZLATKOVA: Ni tu
kuthibitisha kwamba wewe ni

508
00:24:00,480 --> 00:24:03,290
wote kufuatia huo
itifaki na kwamba wote

509
00:24:03,290 --> 00:24:06,620
mteja na hivyo server--
kisakuzi chako na server--

510
00:24:06,620 --> 00:24:09,280
aina ya kujua nini uko
kuzungumza juu na kuwa na

511
00:24:09,280 --> 00:24:12,557
mkataba kwa kupita katika data.

512
00:24:12,557 --> 00:24:17,022
>> Watazamaji: Hivyo maudhui-Aina part--
maudhui-Aina maandishi / html-- hiyo ni

513
00:24:17,022 --> 00:24:18,521
sehemu tofauti ya ujumbe huo?

514
00:24:18,521 --> 00:24:20,509
Au ni sehemu ya hebu sema, 200?

515
00:24:20,509 --> 00:24:22,010
Je, 200 kuwaambia kwamba au is--

516
00:24:22,010 --> 00:24:23,770
>> MARIA ZLATKOVA: 200 inasema yote akaenda OK.

517
00:24:23,770 --> 00:24:27,900
Na kisha ni aina ya maudhui aina ya
sehemu tofauti ya ujumbe huo,

518
00:24:27,900 --> 00:24:34,274
na kusema kitu kwamba mimi
Returned ina aina hii ya maandishi / html.

519
00:24:34,274 --> 00:24:35,690
Ni kutoa tu habari zaidi.

520
00:24:35,690 --> 00:24:38,700

521
00:24:38,700 --> 00:24:39,995
Kuwa na kitu cha kuongeza?

522
00:24:39,995 --> 00:24:40,495
SAWA.

523
00:24:40,495 --> 00:24:43,590

524
00:24:43,590 --> 00:24:46,530
>> Maswali yoyote juu ya hili?

525
00:24:46,530 --> 00:24:48,370
Kutisha.

526
00:24:48,370 --> 00:24:54,070
Hivyo baadhi ya wengine statuses HTTP kwamba
tunaweza kupata pamoja na 200 sawa,

527
00:24:54,070 --> 00:24:59,500
wale ambao tumeona labda
uwezekano wa kura ni 403 na 404.

528
00:24:59,500 --> 00:25:05,190
Hivyo 404, ikiwa ungekuwa kujaribu
upatikanaji kitu ambacho haipo.

529
00:25:05,190 --> 00:25:10,460
Hivyo kwa mfano, katika yako
CS50 Fedha psets,

530
00:25:10,460 --> 00:25:15,640
kama wewe alikuwa utoaji quote.html
na wewe hawakuwa na faili kwamba,

531
00:25:15,640 --> 00:25:19,740
lakini badala yake alikuwa quote.php, kwamba
bila kusababisha 404 Haukupatikana

532
00:25:19,740 --> 00:25:21,600
kwa sababu faili inaweza hazipo.

533
00:25:21,600 --> 00:25:25,690
>> Kwa 403 haramu, kwamba
inahusu ruhusa.

534
00:25:25,690 --> 00:25:31,150
Hivyo kama baadhi ya faili si someka na
dunia, unaweza kupata 403 akarudi.

535
00:25:31,150 --> 00:25:34,510

536
00:25:34,510 --> 00:25:37,810
Baadhi ya watu wengine kwamba waweza
get-- 301, wakiongozwa Kudumu;

537
00:25:37,810 --> 00:25:41,300
302, Kupatikana; 304, mara ya;
400, Bad Ombi;

538
00:25:41,300 --> 00:25:47,330
na kisha Ndani Server Error kwa
500 na 503, Huduma hazipatikani.

539
00:25:47,330 --> 00:25:48,140
Ndiyo.

540
00:25:48,140 --> 00:25:51,490
>> Watazamaji: Je, sisi wanatarajiwa
kukariri wale statuses yote?

541
00:25:51,490 --> 00:25:53,739
MARIA ZLATKOVA: Napenda kuwa
yao juu ya kudanganya karatasi yako.

542
00:25:53,739 --> 00:25:55,146
[Kicheko]

543
00:25:55,146 --> 00:25:59,954
Watazamaji: Je, sisi wanatarajiwa
kujua nini kuchochea kila mmoja?

544
00:25:59,954 --> 00:26:00,995
MARIA ZLATKOVA: Je, wao ni?

545
00:26:00,995 --> 00:26:03,870
HANNAH BLUMBERG: Kwa wale ambao tumekuwa
kukimbia into-- hivyo swali was--

546
00:26:03,870 --> 00:26:08,010
MARIA ZLATKOVA: Je, wao unatarajiwa
kujua nini kila mmoja wa haya hadhi

547
00:26:08,010 --> 00:26:09,330
codes yapate yalisababisha na?

548
00:26:09,330 --> 00:26:13,240
Hivyo kwa wale ambao tumekuwa kutumika
na mbio katika, napenda kusema, ndiyo.

549
00:26:13,240 --> 00:26:16,610
Hivyo tumekuwa dhahiri kuonekana 200
OK na alihadhiri katika psets.

550
00:26:16,610 --> 00:26:19,071
Tumeona 403, 404.

551
00:26:19,071 --> 00:26:20,550
Kwa wale wengine?

552
00:26:20,550 --> 00:26:22,690
>> HANNAH BLUMBERG: napenda
kusema 500 inaonekana haki mchezo.

553
00:26:22,690 --> 00:26:23,330
>> MARIA ZLATKOVA: 500, yeah.

554
00:26:23,330 --> 00:26:24,246
>> HANNAH BLUMBERG: Naam.

555
00:26:24,246 --> 00:26:27,006
Tu na maana ya jumla
ya nini husababisha yao.

556
00:26:27,006 --> 00:26:28,880
Na pia tu kwa hawa
majina, unaweza aina ya

557
00:26:28,880 --> 00:26:32,890
kama kufanya nadhani elimu kama
kwa nini hasa kilichowafanya.

558
00:26:32,890 --> 00:26:36,919
Kwa mfano, hoja ya kudumu, pengine
faili limeondolewa kudumu.

559
00:26:36,919 --> 00:26:39,328
>> Watazamaji: Lakini juu ya awali
mtihani, kulikuwa na hivyo

560
00:26:39,328 --> 00:26:41,050
jinsi gani unaweza kutarajia sisi kujibu hilo?

561
00:26:41,050 --> 00:26:42,883
>> HANNAH BLUMBERG: Hiyo
ilikuwa na thamani ya pointi sifuri.

562
00:26:42,883 --> 00:26:45,870
Swali juu ya 418 juu ya buli
ni kitaalam hali HTTP,

563
00:26:45,870 --> 00:26:47,090
lakini ilikuwa yenye thamani pointi sifuri.

564
00:26:47,090 --> 00:26:48,320
Ni wazi, wewe si
unatarajiwa kujua yao.

565
00:26:48,320 --> 00:26:49,670
>> Watazamaji: Je, ni moja ya kweli?

566
00:26:49,670 --> 00:26:51,970
>> HANNAH BLUMBERG: Ni kweli
moja, lakini haina maana yoyote.

567
00:26:51,970 --> 00:26:52,700
Ni tu mzaha.

568
00:26:52,700 --> 00:26:55,480

569
00:26:55,480 --> 00:26:57,010
Internet watu ni funny.

570
00:26:57,010 --> 00:26:59,680
>> MARIA ZLATKOVA: maswali Mkuu, nyie.

571
00:26:59,680 --> 00:27:01,452
Yoyote maswali mengine?

572
00:27:01,452 --> 00:27:04,891
>> Watazamaji: ni hitilafu ya seva ndani nini?

573
00:27:04,891 --> 00:27:06,640
MARIA ZLATKOVA: Ndani
hitilafu ya seva tu

574
00:27:06,640 --> 00:27:10,050
ina maana kwamba umekuwa
hawawezi kuwasiliana

575
00:27:10,050 --> 00:27:13,400
na server kwa sababu fulani.

576
00:27:13,400 --> 00:27:15,400
Hivyo ni si lazima
kitu ambacho ina nini

577
00:27:15,400 --> 00:27:19,170
na mteja au kitu kama hicho.

578
00:27:19,170 --> 00:27:22,170
Sijui wa mfano yoyote maalum
kwamba tumeenda juu ya kueleza,

579
00:27:22,170 --> 00:27:23,000
lakini yeah.

580
00:27:23,000 --> 00:27:23,250
>> HANNAH BLUMBERG: Ni kweli.

581
00:27:23,250 --> 00:27:25,625
Hivyo kwa mfano, kama hebu
kusema wewe walikuwa wakifanya kazi kwenye mashup

582
00:27:25,625 --> 00:27:30,440
na server Google walishuka kwa baadhi
sababu, kukatika kwa umeme, hebu sema.

583
00:27:30,440 --> 00:27:33,400
Hiyo itakuwa server ndani
makosa au aina fulani of-- kama wewe

584
00:27:33,400 --> 00:27:34,630
bila kupata majibu nyuma.

585
00:27:34,630 --> 00:27:35,260
>> MARIA ZLATKOVA: Naam.

586
00:27:35,260 --> 00:27:37,050
Ni tu wakati uko
hawawezi kuwasiliana

587
00:27:37,050 --> 00:27:40,299
na server kwa sababu fulani kwa sababu
yake kwenda chini au sababu nyingine.

588
00:27:40,299 --> 00:27:44,430

589
00:27:44,430 --> 00:27:47,690
Hivyo kuruka ndani PHP.

590
00:27:47,690 --> 00:27:49,930
PHP, tofauti na HTML, ni
lugha ya programu.

591
00:27:49,930 --> 00:27:54,820
Na sisi kuanza kutumia kwa sababu ni
muhimu sana kwa ajili ya maendeleo ya mtandao.

592
00:27:54,820 --> 00:27:56,940
>> Sisi kwanza kutumika katika CS50 Fedha.

593
00:27:56,940 --> 00:28:02,240
Na kimsingi inatusaidia kuleta
pamoja ghafi huu, kubuni,

594
00:28:02,240 --> 00:28:07,460
na jinsi sisi kweli kutumia taarifa
kuonyesha mambo kwenye mtandao.

595
00:28:07,460 --> 00:28:11,870
Hivyo PHP yenyewe ina maana PHP
HyperText Preprocessor,

596
00:28:11,870 --> 00:28:15,360
hivyo ni backnorym kujirudia kwa yenyewe.

597
00:28:15,360 --> 00:28:22,330
Na kufungua vitambulisho kwa PHP sisi kushoto
na kulia mishale na alama ya kuuliza

598
00:28:22,330 --> 00:28:23,060
na php.

599
00:28:23,060 --> 00:28:25,890
>> Hivyo tumekuwa tayari kuona rundo la hayo.

600
00:28:25,890 --> 00:28:29,150
Sasa, sisi ni kwenda tu kwenda juu
baadhi ya mambo ya msingi kuhusu suala hilo.

601
00:28:29,150 --> 00:28:32,280
Hivyo, pamoja na PHP, kutofautiana
majina kuanza na ishara ya dola.

602
00:28:32,280 --> 00:28:35,660
Sisi si bayana, tena,
kutofautiana aina tena.

603
00:28:35,660 --> 00:28:38,450
Tu kama tulivyofanya kwa C,
hatuna haja ya kufanya hivyo.

604
00:28:38,450 --> 00:28:41,670

605
00:28:41,670 --> 00:28:44,490
>> Tunaweza kufanya rundo la tofauti
mambo na vigezo.

606
00:28:44,490 --> 00:28:47,750
Tunaweza kuziweka pamoja
na concatenating yao

607
00:28:47,750 --> 00:28:52,900
kwa dot nukuu, ambayo
sisi hakuweza kufanya katika C tena.

608
00:28:52,900 --> 00:28:57,490
Tena, tuna uhodari kidogo zaidi
na PHP katika suala la vigezo.

609
00:28:57,490 --> 00:29:00,080
Tena, hatuna kazi kuu.

610
00:29:00,080 --> 00:29:03,370
>> Na PHP ni kufasiriwa
kinyume na ulioandaliwa,

611
00:29:03,370 --> 00:29:09,970
Hivyo tu jinsi hatukuwa kufanya kwa mafaili C,
hatuna kufanya hivyo kwa PHP.

612
00:29:09,970 --> 00:29:15,440
Lakini badala yake, kwa njia hiyo lugha
inaendeshwa kwa wenyewe, ni kufasiriwa.

613
00:29:15,440 --> 00:29:18,550
Na kisha loosely typed
tu ina maana kwamba sisi

614
00:29:18,550 --> 00:29:22,490
hawana kutaja kutofautiana
Aina na aina kutofautiana

615
00:29:22,490 --> 00:29:25,415
kufahamika katika Runtime.

616
00:29:25,415 --> 00:29:29,185
>> Watazamaji: Lakini nini alifanya wewe
maana kwa nukta concatenation?

617
00:29:29,185 --> 00:29:30,060
MARIA ZLATKOVA: Ni kweli.

618
00:29:30,060 --> 00:29:37,660
Wakati tunataka kuweka mambo together--
hivyo kama tulikuwa na baadhi ya kutofautiana kwamba

619
00:29:37,660 --> 00:29:41,500
alikuwa na thamani ya 3 na tulikuwa na mwingine
kutofautiana kwamba alikuwa na thamani ya kamba,

620
00:29:41,500 --> 00:29:45,920
tunaweza kuweka vigezo pamoja
kwa kuweka dot katika baina yao

621
00:29:45,920 --> 00:29:46,970
na concatenating yao.

622
00:29:46,970 --> 00:29:52,670
Au tunaweza kujenga
kutofautiana kuitwa jina

623
00:29:52,670 --> 00:29:56,900
na kuiweka pamoja na
concatenating masharti mawili.

624
00:29:56,900 --> 00:30:00,680
>> Hivyo kama tulikuwa na kamba katika mara mbili
quotes na sisi kuweka nukta baada yake,

625
00:30:00,680 --> 00:30:03,660
na kisha tulikuwa na kamba ya lingine
ingekuwa kujenga kamba kabisa.

626
00:30:03,660 --> 00:30:05,242
>> Watazamaji: Sawa.

627
00:30:05,242 --> 00:30:06,450
MARIA LATVIA: Je kwamba wazi?

628
00:30:06,450 --> 00:30:07,099
Watazamaji: Naam.

629
00:30:07,099 --> 00:30:07,890
MARIA ZLATKOVA: Sawa.

630
00:30:07,890 --> 00:30:08,766
Ndiyo.

631
00:30:08,766 --> 00:30:11,146
>> Watazamaji: Unaposema
kufasiriwa badala ya ulioandaliwa,

632
00:30:11,146 --> 00:30:14,160
ni wewe kuzungumza juu huna
haja ya kuwa maalumu wakati

633
00:30:14,160 --> 00:30:15,906
suala la PHP dhidi C?

634
00:30:15,906 --> 00:30:18,085

635
00:30:18,085 --> 00:30:20,710
MARIA ZLATKOVA: Tunaposema
kufasiriwa kinyume na ulioandaliwa,

636
00:30:20,710 --> 00:30:21,850
je, sisi ina maana gani?

637
00:30:21,850 --> 00:30:26,220
Hivyo kwamba maana yake ni kwamba hatuna haja
kutekelezwa mafaili ya kuendesha PHP.

638
00:30:26,220 --> 00:30:29,870
Ina maana kwamba anaendesha kama unaendelea.

639
00:30:29,870 --> 00:30:31,650
Je, hiyo mantiki?

640
00:30:31,650 --> 00:30:32,495
Kidogo zaidi.

641
00:30:32,495 --> 00:30:34,620
HANNAH BLUMBERG: Kwa hiyo wewe
unaweza kufikiria mkalimani

642
00:30:34,620 --> 00:30:38,980
kama mpango mwingine kwamba ni wajibu
kwa ajili ya kwenda mstari kwa mstari kupitia PHP

643
00:30:38,980 --> 00:30:42,745
na kwa kweli utekelezaji yake, kinyume
kwa kuandaa yake yote chini ya mapacha.

644
00:30:42,745 --> 00:30:46,050
Haina kweli maana yoyote
kuhusu jinsi maalum tunahitaji kuwa.

645
00:30:46,050 --> 00:30:49,470
Bado tunahitaji kuwa sahihi, na wala
kusahau semicolon yako, na kuhakikisha

646
00:30:49,470 --> 00:30:51,470
una ishara yako dola,
na mambo kama hayo.

647
00:30:51,470 --> 00:30:52,240
Nzuri swali.

648
00:30:52,240 --> 00:30:53,115
>> MARIA ZLATKOVA: Naam.

649
00:30:53,115 --> 00:30:55,590
Hivyo mstari kwa mstari, kama
kinyume na na mafaili C,

650
00:30:55,590 --> 00:30:59,100
tuna kufanya fainali nzima
kabla tunaweza kweli kuendesha.

651
00:30:59,100 --> 00:31:00,360
Hiyo ni tofauti kuu.

652
00:31:00,360 --> 00:31:02,655
Lakini tena, hatuwezi
kweli kuwa chini maalum.

653
00:31:02,655 --> 00:31:08,760

654
00:31:08,760 --> 00:31:13,950
Hivyo arrays katika PHP kuwakilisha
kweli ramani aliamuru.

655
00:31:13,950 --> 00:31:17,550
>> Hivyo maadili arrays mshirika kwa funguo.

656
00:31:17,550 --> 00:31:23,350
Njia mbili kutangaza
safu, kulingana na syntax hii,

657
00:31:23,350 --> 00:31:26,380
tunaweza kuwa wazi zaidi
kwa kusema tuna safu

658
00:31:26,380 --> 00:31:31,010
na tuna key1 hii kwamba ramani kwa
value1 hii, key2 kwamba ramani value2.

659
00:31:31,010 --> 00:31:34,660
Au tunaweza tu kujenga safu
ambayo ina maadili yenyewe

660
00:31:34,660 --> 00:31:38,360
na kisha funguo ni
kueleweka kwa namna.

661
00:31:38,360 --> 00:31:40,000
Maswali yoyote juu ya hili?

662
00:31:40,000 --> 00:31:42,500
>> Watazamaji: Je, ingekuwa funguo
kuwa katika mfano wa pili?

663
00:31:42,500 --> 00:31:47,100

664
00:31:47,100 --> 00:31:47,920
0, 1, 2, 3?

665
00:31:47,920 --> 00:31:50,650

666
00:31:50,650 --> 00:31:55,780
>> MARIA ZLATKOVA: Kwa mfano, ni tu
funguo katika hii si lazima

667
00:31:55,780 --> 00:31:56,550
kufanya tofauti.

668
00:31:56,550 --> 00:32:01,720
Wao tu kufafanua jinsi unaweza
kutumia maadili ndani yake.

669
00:32:01,720 --> 00:32:08,660
Hivyo kama tulikuwa na foreach
kitanzi katika PHP kwamba ingekuwa

670
00:32:08,660 --> 00:32:14,760
kuruhusu sisi kwenda kwa njia ya maadili yote,
tunaweza kwenda kwa maadili yote,

671
00:32:14,760 --> 00:32:19,570
hata kama tulikuwa na au ulikuwa bado inaelezwa
ufunguo maalum ndani ya tovuti ya

672
00:32:19,570 --> 00:32:20,820
syntax uliopita.

673
00:32:20,820 --> 00:32:23,460
>> Hivyo hata kwa aina hii
wa safu, sisi bado anaweza

674
00:32:23,460 --> 00:32:26,260
na foreach kitanzi
kwamba huenda kwa njia ya kila

675
00:32:26,260 --> 00:32:31,240
kuhusu maadili katika muhimu katika safu.

676
00:32:31,240 --> 00:32:36,180
Hivyo syntax ya foreach
kitanzi, sisi kuanza na safu.

677
00:32:36,180 --> 00:32:38,720

678
00:32:38,720 --> 00:32:43,900
Hii kutofautiana $ arr ni safu yetu halisi
kwamba sisi inavyoelezwa katika slide uliopita

679
00:32:43,900 --> 00:32:47,550
kama thamani halisi inakwenda kwamba
kupitia katika kila maadili,

680
00:32:47,550 --> 00:32:50,122
bila kujali kama
tulikuwa na ufunguo au la.

681
00:32:50,122 --> 00:32:53,080
Na kisha tunaweza kufanya kitu kwa
thamani ndani ya foreach kitanzi.

682
00:32:53,080 --> 00:32:57,730
Hivyo tena, kama tulikuwa na safu
kama hii hapa created--

683
00:32:57,730 --> 00:33:03,270
hivyo tuna ufunguo wa foo na thamani ya
bar, ufunguo wa bazi na thamani ya qux--

684
00:33:03,270 --> 00:33:09,730
tunaweza kuwa foreach kitanzi kwamba
huenda kwa njia ya safu kama thamani ufunguo

685
00:33:09,730 --> 00:33:11,900
na kisha kufanya kitu
na muhimu na / au thamani.

686
00:33:11,900 --> 00:33:15,980
Lakini sisi si lazima kila mara
kuwa na foreach matanzi kwamba

687
00:33:15,980 --> 00:33:19,410
huenda kwa njia ya safu kama ramani muhimu kwa thamani.

688
00:33:19,410 --> 00:33:26,060
Tunaweza kwenda kwa njia ya
foreach kitanzi safu kama thamani.

689
00:33:26,060 --> 00:33:28,990
>> HANNAH BLUMBERG: Na nadhani
to-- ilikuwa swali lako, nini

690
00:33:28,990 --> 00:33:31,229
ni thabiti ripoti?

691
00:33:31,229 --> 00:33:31,895
Watazamaji: Kinda.

692
00:33:31,895 --> 00:33:32,240
MARIA ZLATKOVA: Oh.

693
00:33:32,240 --> 00:33:33,406
HANNAH BLUMBERG: Ndio, ndio.

694
00:33:33,406 --> 00:33:36,150
Hivyo kimsingi, kama huna bayana
ufunguo, ni kwenda kuwa 01.

695
00:33:36,150 --> 00:33:37,140
>> MARIA ZLATKOVA: Naam.

696
00:33:37,140 --> 00:33:41,718
Tu kama na C, ni sifuri
indexed kama huna bayana muhimu.

697
00:33:41,718 --> 00:33:42,384
Watazamaji: Sorry.

698
00:33:42,384 --> 00:33:43,827
Je, unaweza kujaribu akizungumza
kidogo nguvu zaidi?

699
00:33:43,827 --> 00:33:45,270
Mimi nina kuwa kidogo ya
shida ya kusikia kila kitu.

700
00:33:45,270 --> 00:33:46,478
>> MARIA ZLATKOVA: Mimi ni hivyo pole.

701
00:33:46,478 --> 00:33:48,439
Naam, bila shaka.

702
00:33:48,439 --> 00:33:50,230
Hivyo unataka mimi
kwenda juu hii tena?

703
00:33:50,230 --> 00:33:51,680
Au ni hii

704
00:33:51,680 --> 00:33:54,930
Watazamaji: Hivyo katika slide-- uliopita ikiwa
unaweza tu kwenda nyuma kwa ajili ya pili moja.

705
00:33:54,930 --> 00:33:57,313
MARIA ZLATKOVA: Bila shaka, pole.

706
00:33:57,313 --> 00:33:59,237
Watazamaji: Hivyo pili
safu hapa hana

707
00:33:59,237 --> 00:34:04,135
wanaonekana kuwa na thamani kwa ufunguo,
aina ya [? Sababu. ?]

708
00:34:04,135 --> 00:34:05,343
MARIA ZLATKOVA: Haki, haki.

709
00:34:05,343 --> 00:34:07,608
Watazamaji: Hivyo ni jinsi gani kazi
unaposema ni wote au hakuna.

710
00:34:07,608 --> 00:34:08,969
Kwangu mimi, kwamba inaonekana kama
[? foo?] tayari.

711
00:34:08,969 --> 00:34:10,093
>> MARIA ZLATKOVA: Ndio, ndio.

712
00:34:10,093 --> 00:34:12,969
Hivyo tena, hii ni
kuamuru ramani kwa maana hii

713
00:34:12,969 --> 00:34:15,639
kwamba kuna ni kueleweka,
Kwa mfano, bahati

714
00:34:15,639 --> 00:34:20,159
hapa inaweza kueleweka kama 0, 1, 2, 3.

715
00:34:20,159 --> 00:34:25,929
Tena, hiyo ni kuwa wale
bahati ni sawa wetu

716
00:34:25,929 --> 00:34:28,980
ya kuwa na funguo mapped kwenye maadili.

717
00:34:28,980 --> 00:34:34,710
Hivyo kama ufunguo yetu ilikuwa 0-- pole.

718
00:34:34,710 --> 00:34:36,524
>> HANNAH BLUMBERG: Hapana,
kuna chaki hapa.

719
00:34:36,524 --> 00:34:36,929
Ni kweli ni nzuri.

720
00:34:36,929 --> 00:34:37,460
>> MARIA ZLATKOVA: Hiyo ni kubwa.

721
00:34:37,460 --> 00:34:38,260
SAWA.

722
00:34:38,260 --> 00:34:49,489
Hivyo tena, $ arr 0 itakuwa
muhimu kwa ajili ya thamani 1.

723
00:34:49,489 --> 00:34:51,138
0 itakuwa muhimu kwa thamani 1.

724
00:34:51,138 --> 00:34:51,971
Watazamaji: Samahani.

725
00:34:51,971 --> 00:34:53,190
Ni asiyeonekana.

726
00:34:53,190 --> 00:34:53,659
>> HANNAH BLUMBERG: zote haki, Nevermind.

727
00:34:53,659 --> 00:34:54,980
Chalk ilikuwa wazo mbaya.

728
00:34:54,980 --> 00:34:58,030
Mimi kuchukua nyuma.

729
00:34:58,030 --> 00:35:01,425
Unaweza kufikiria funguo
kama 0 ramani kwa thamani 1.

730
00:35:01,425 --> 00:35:02,300
MARIA ZLATKOVA: Naam.

731
00:35:02,300 --> 00:35:04,630
Hivyo hii ni 0, hii ni 1, 2, 3.

732
00:35:04,630 --> 00:35:05,760
Hizi zinaweza kuwa funguo yako.

733
00:35:05,760 --> 00:35:10,020
Unaweza kufikiri wao as-- yeah.

734
00:35:10,020 --> 00:35:12,740
Hivyo badala ya kuwa
funguo wazi, wao uko

735
00:35:12,740 --> 00:35:17,180
aina ya kueleweka kama kuwa
bahati kuanzia saa 0.

736
00:35:17,180 --> 00:35:21,630

737
00:35:21,630 --> 00:35:24,820
Chaki hakuwa na msaada.

738
00:35:24,820 --> 00:35:25,722
Naam.

739
00:35:25,722 --> 00:35:30,914
>> Watazamaji: Kwa foreach kitanzi,
kama sisi alitaka kuona kama thamani,

740
00:35:30,914 --> 00:35:33,245
ingekuwa tu moja kwa moja ripoti ya 0?

741
00:35:33,245 --> 00:35:34,120
MARIA ZLATKOVA: Naam.

742
00:35:34,120 --> 00:35:35,745
Ingekuwa kwenda kwa njia ya kila mmoja wa maadili.

743
00:35:35,745 --> 00:35:39,130
Watazamaji: [inaudible] kama
0 au ingekuwa kwamba tu kufanya 0?

744
00:35:39,130 --> 00:35:43,710
>> MARIA ZLATKOVA: Ingekuwa
kusema kama dola ishara na kisha

745
00:35:43,710 --> 00:35:46,266
baadhi jina kutofautiana, thamani.

746
00:35:46,266 --> 00:35:47,182
Watazamaji: [inaudible].

747
00:35:47,182 --> 00:35:50,048

748
00:35:50,048 --> 00:35:50,964
MARIA ZLATKOVA: Sorry?

749
00:35:50,964 --> 00:35:52,839
Watazamaji: Samahani, mimi nina
tu kujaribu kukumbuka.

750
00:35:52,839 --> 00:35:57,190
Jinsi gani unaweza kufanya kwamba kama unaweza kufanya hivyo
moja kwa moja Indexing ni 0 tu ya?

751
00:35:57,190 --> 00:36:00,780
>> MARIA ZLATKOVA: Hivyo ni jinsi gani unaweza kufanya hivyo
kama wewe hawakuwa na majina maalum ufunguo?

752
00:36:00,780 --> 00:36:01,710
>> Watazamaji: Naam.

753
00:36:01,710 --> 00:36:07,820
>> MARIA ZLATKOVA: Wewe ingekuwa tu define--
tu kusema mwenyewe kama baadhi jina.

754
00:36:07,820 --> 00:36:17,950
Hivyo katika psets yako, nyie nguvu
kumbuka foreach $ mstari kama $ safu,

755
00:36:17,950 --> 00:36:24,610
sisi aliumba wenyewe hii mstari $ akisema
tunataka kwenda kupitia mfululizo kama $ safu.

756
00:36:24,610 --> 00:36:28,360
Hata kama hatukuwa na
$ huu wazi safu inavyoelezwa,

757
00:36:28,360 --> 00:36:31,990
tunaweza tu kwenda na
kusema hii inaweza kuwa muhimu zetu,

758
00:36:31,990 --> 00:36:33,615
na kwenda tu kwa njia ya kila ya maadili.

759
00:36:33,615 --> 00:36:37,295

760
00:36:37,295 --> 00:36:41,660
>> Watazamaji: Hivyo ni thamani kutofautiana mpya
sisi ni kujenga kuhifadhi [inaudible]?

761
00:36:41,660 --> 00:36:46,820

762
00:36:46,820 --> 00:36:49,990
>> MARIA ZLATKOVA: Hivyo si
asili kutofautiana mpya.

763
00:36:49,990 --> 00:37:00,310
Ni kutofautiana kwamba inahusu
ndani ya safu ya kila mmoja wao.

764
00:37:00,310 --> 00:37:02,060
HANNAH BLUMBERG: Ni
mpya kutofautiana jina.

765
00:37:02,060 --> 00:37:04,018
MARIA ZLATKOVA: Yeah,
ni mpya jina kutofautiana ni,

766
00:37:04,018 --> 00:37:06,680
lakini siyo inherently-- yeah.

767
00:37:06,680 --> 00:37:08,950
Ni tu kutofautiana mpya
kwamba unaweza kufanya hivyo.

768
00:37:08,950 --> 00:37:12,680
Hivyo tu jinsi gani tulivyofanya
$ mstari kama $ safu, safu

769
00:37:12,680 --> 00:37:17,980
ilikuwa mpya jina kutofautiana kwamba sisi
inaweza kujenga katika foreach yetu kitanzi.

770
00:37:17,980 --> 00:37:22,065
Haina kwa preexist kabla ya hapo.

771
00:37:22,065 --> 00:37:25,777
>> Watazamaji: Je, unaweza kwenda kwa njia ya
mantiki kwa kila mmoja, kwa kutumia mfano huko?

772
00:37:25,777 --> 00:37:26,610
MARIA ZLATKOVA: Mhm.

773
00:37:26,610 --> 00:37:31,240

774
00:37:31,240 --> 00:37:32,080
Oh, pole.

775
00:37:32,080 --> 00:37:33,780
Hapa ni mfano.

776
00:37:33,780 --> 00:37:34,280
Uhakika.

777
00:37:34,280 --> 00:37:38,950
Hivyo kwa kila array-- hivyo
hiyo ina maana kwenda safu hii

778
00:37:38,950 --> 00:37:43,930
kama ufunguo value-- ambayo inaenda
kupitia safu hii

779
00:37:43,930 --> 00:37:49,480
na kwanza kwenda na kupata foo,
foo muhimu na bar thamani.

780
00:37:49,480 --> 00:37:51,570
Na kisha juu ya pili
iteration ya kwa kitanzi,

781
00:37:51,570 --> 00:37:55,090
itakuja kupitia na kuchukua
bazi muhimu na thamani qux.

782
00:37:55,090 --> 00:38:00,512
Na kisha unaweza kufanya kitu kwa
ama wao au wote wawili.

783
00:38:00,512 --> 00:38:03,488
>> Watazamaji: Hivyo wazo nyuma
kuwa hatua muhimu kwa thamani,

784
00:38:03,488 --> 00:38:07,470
je, wewe kuishia kupata?

785
00:38:07,470 --> 00:38:10,680
>> MARIA ZLATKOVA: ni wazo gani
ya kuwa akizungumzia muhimu kuthamini?

786
00:38:10,680 --> 00:38:16,400
Ni mwingine tu mkataba huo, mwingine
njia ya kwenda kupitia safu

787
00:38:16,400 --> 00:38:22,600
na kuwa na uwezo wa kupata ama
muhimu au thamani au wote wawili na matumizi yao.

788
00:38:22,600 --> 00:38:27,100
>> Watazamaji: Nini jukumu kwa
kuamuru kwamba foreach anaendesha katika?

789
00:38:27,100 --> 00:38:29,250
Hivyo kama tulikuwa kuongeza
mambo ya safu baadaye,

790
00:38:29,250 --> 00:38:32,140
ingekuwa wale kuwa ndio kwanza
kuitwa katika foreach safu,

791
00:38:32,140 --> 00:38:33,750
au itakuwa ni baadaye?

792
00:38:33,750 --> 00:38:37,770
>> MARIA ZLATKOVA: Kwa hiyo kile ni
Ili foreach

793
00:38:37,770 --> 00:38:39,210
kitanzi huenda kwa njia ya safu katika?

794
00:38:39,210 --> 00:38:42,220
Ni inakwenda kupitia kwanza
kipengele kwa kipengele mwisho,

795
00:38:42,220 --> 00:38:43,400
kwa mwisho aliongeza kipengele.

796
00:38:43,400 --> 00:38:48,020
Ikiwa kuongeza vipengele baadaye, wangeweza
kuwa accessed-- mambo ya kwanza ingekuwa

797
00:38:48,020 --> 00:38:51,410
kulipata kama kwanza
mambo ya safu,

798
00:38:51,410 --> 00:38:57,620
na kisha wewe d kwenda kwa njia ya kila mmoja wa
mambo kama aina ya ordered--

799
00:38:57,620 --> 00:39:02,930
si amri, lakini njia hiyo
wao wamekuwa kuweka katika safu.

800
00:39:02,930 --> 00:39:06,855
>> Watazamaji: Hivyo mambo mapya
ni aliongeza baadaye?

801
00:39:06,855 --> 00:39:10,680
Hivyo wao ni added-- wao utakuwa
ndio mwisho katika [? iteration. ?]

802
00:39:10,680 --> 00:39:14,280
>> MARIA ZLATKOVA: mambo New can--
kimsingi, wakati mambo mapya ni aliongeza,

803
00:39:14,280 --> 00:39:16,520
ni waliongeza hadi mwisho wa safu?

804
00:39:16,520 --> 00:39:17,632
>> Watazamaji: Naam.

805
00:39:17,632 --> 00:39:18,840
MARIA ZLATKOVA: Naamini hivyo.

806
00:39:18,840 --> 00:39:20,850
Ndiyo.

807
00:39:20,850 --> 00:39:24,330
Na kisha kwa foreach yako kitanzi,
baada ya umefanya aliongeza mambo mapya

808
00:39:24,330 --> 00:39:26,790
na wewe kwenda kwa njia yao,
mambo mapya ingekuwa

809
00:39:26,790 --> 00:39:30,930
kuwa accessed-- kipengele mpya, ikiwa ni
aliongeza mwisho, ingekuwa kupatikana jana.

810
00:39:30,930 --> 00:39:34,416
>> Watazamaji: Je, unaweza tu kutoa mfano
wa kitu ambacho ingekuwa [inaudible]

811
00:39:34,416 --> 00:39:37,404
na kitu na thamani
kama [inaudible] au thamani,

812
00:39:37,404 --> 00:39:38,910
like jinsi wewe d muundo huo?

813
00:39:38,910 --> 00:39:39,785
>> MARIA ZLATKOVA: Ni kweli.

814
00:39:39,785 --> 00:39:42,340

815
00:39:42,340 --> 00:39:46,410
Naweza kutoa mfano wa kile
tunataka kufanya na thamani?

816
00:39:46,410 --> 00:39:52,440
Kwa hiyo kile nyie inaweza kuwa na mazoea na
ni kwamba tumeenda kupitia safu

817
00:39:52,440 --> 00:39:55,380
na kimsingi kuchapishwa
kila moja ya mambo,

818
00:39:55,380 --> 00:40:00,910
Kwa mfano, kama sehemu ya
kuamuru orodha au kitu hicho.

819
00:40:00,910 --> 00:40:02,674
Je, hiyo mantiki au kufanya tunataka to--

820
00:40:02,674 --> 00:40:04,340
Watazamaji: Je, sisi magazeti maadili haya nje?

821
00:40:04,340 --> 00:40:13,220
MARIA ZLATKOVA: Yeah, tunaweza magazeti
na kisha kimsingi $ thamani kwa sababu katika

822
00:40:13,220 --> 00:40:16,570
thamani hiyo maalum, tunataka kuwa
uchapishaji thamani ndani yake.

823
00:40:16,570 --> 00:40:20,150
Hivyo kama sisi walikuwa katika iteration yetu ya kwanza
yake na sisi kuchapishwa $ thamani,

824
00:40:20,150 --> 00:40:23,775
tunataka kuwa uchapishaji bar.

825
00:40:23,775 --> 00:40:27,020
>> Watazamaji: Je, kuna pia kwa
mizunguko katika PHP au tu foreach matanzi?

826
00:40:27,020 --> 00:40:30,430
>> MARIA ZLATKOVA: Kuna
pia kwa mizunguko katika PHP.

827
00:40:30,430 --> 00:40:33,399
Na mantiki yao ni zaidi ya
sawa na nini tumekuwa kutumika.

828
00:40:33,399 --> 00:40:34,690
Watazamaji: Hivyo thamani yake ni batili.

829
00:40:34,690 --> 00:40:35,090
MARIA ZLATKOVA: Ni kama huo.

830
00:40:35,090 --> 00:40:35,590
Naam.

831
00:40:35,590 --> 00:40:37,747
Watazamaji: Mimi tu kwenda kuuliza.

832
00:40:37,747 --> 00:40:39,695
Hivyo wakati wewe kutangaza
safu, huna haja

833
00:40:39,695 --> 00:40:42,617
kuwaambia kile kawaida ni kwenda
kuwa, ambayo ina maana kwamba unaweza tu

834
00:40:42,617 --> 00:40:44,417
kuongeza na kuondoa vipengele [inaudible].

835
00:40:44,417 --> 00:40:45,250
MARIA ZLATKOVA: Yup.

836
00:40:45,250 --> 00:40:45,750
Yup.

837
00:40:45,750 --> 00:40:46,251
Hasa.

838
00:40:46,251 --> 00:40:48,875
Wakati sisi kutangaza safu, sisi
huna haja ya kusema kile kawaida ni,

839
00:40:48,875 --> 00:40:51,022
ili tuweze kuongeza tu vipengele
kwenye hilo baadaye pia.

840
00:40:51,022 --> 00:40:55,075

841
00:40:55,075 --> 00:40:55,700
Maswali zaidi?

842
00:40:55,700 --> 00:40:59,870

843
00:40:59,870 --> 00:41:05,950
Hivyo kuleta PHP na HTML pamoja,
nini sisi tumeona vema,

844
00:41:05,950 --> 00:41:15,130
Kwa mfano, katika mfano huu, tuna
HTML fomu ambayo ina uwanja pembejeo.

845
00:41:15,130 --> 00:41:18,830
>> Na pembejeo shamba ni jina tu
na basi ina Kuwasilisha kifungo.

846
00:41:18,830 --> 00:41:26,040
Na wakati waandishi Kuwasilisha
kifungo, katika hello.php faili wetu,

847
00:41:26,040 --> 00:41:32,130
kwa sababu mbinu kwa ajili ya aina ni
kupata, tunaweza kupata chochote ni katika jina

848
00:41:32,130 --> 00:41:40,360
na hii kupata kutofautiana kimataifa ambayo
is-- syntax kwa kuwa ni $ _GET.

849
00:41:40,360 --> 00:41:44,520
Na kisha tunaweza kupata chochote
user pembejeo ndani ya kwamba fomu kwa ajili ya jina

850
00:41:44,520 --> 00:41:47,410
na kubainisha jina la uwanja huo.

851
00:41:47,410 --> 00:41:51,480

852
00:41:51,480 --> 00:41:55,060
>> Maswali mengine yoyote au yoyote
maswali juu ya mfano huu maalum?

853
00:41:55,060 --> 00:41:58,275
>> Watazamaji: wapi PHP?

854
00:41:58,275 --> 00:41:59,150
MARIA ZLATKOVA: Hapa.

855
00:41:59,150 --> 00:42:01,150
Hivyo hii ni ufunguzi tag wetu kwa PHP.

856
00:42:01,150 --> 00:42:01,530
>> Watazamaji: Oh, haki.

857
00:42:01,530 --> 00:42:02,363
>> MARIA ZLATKOVA: Ndiyo.

858
00:42:02,363 --> 00:42:05,320

859
00:42:05,320 --> 00:42:09,609
>> HANNAH BLUMBERG:? = Ni shorthand
maana hayo ni PHP na tu echo.

860
00:42:09,609 --> 00:42:10,150
Watazamaji: Oh.

861
00:42:10,150 --> 00:42:10,720
MARIA ZLATKOVA: Yeah, sorry.

862
00:42:10,720 --> 00:42:12,040
Mimi ni lazima kuwa alionyesha hilo wazi.

863
00:42:12,040 --> 00:42:13,759
>> HANNAH BLUMBERG: Magazeti.

864
00:42:13,759 --> 00:42:16,800
MARIA ZLATKOVA: Ni tu kazi
ambayo inaruhusu sisi magazeti kitu.

865
00:42:16,800 --> 00:42:19,795

866
00:42:19,795 --> 00:42:20,420
Mkuu swali.

867
00:42:20,420 --> 00:42:24,140

868
00:42:24,140 --> 00:42:25,495
Hivyo going-- ndiyo.

869
00:42:25,495 --> 00:42:31,940
>> Watazamaji: Je, kuna kwenda kuwa kabisa
kidogo ya mkono coding ya PHP na HTML

870
00:42:31,940 --> 00:42:33,450
juu ya jaribio 1?

871
00:42:33,450 --> 00:42:36,310

872
00:42:36,310 --> 00:42:38,810
MARIA ZLATKOVA: Kuna kuwa
haki kiasi cha tafsiri

873
00:42:38,810 --> 00:42:43,330
ya PHP na HTML, si lazima
kama kiasi kikubwa cha coding,

874
00:42:43,330 --> 00:42:46,960
ingawa unaweza kuwa na kuandika
foreach kitanzi, ingawa, a kwa kitanzi.

875
00:42:46,960 --> 00:42:49,790
Yoyote ya mizunguko kwamba sisi
kufunika hapa ni haki mchezo.

876
00:42:49,790 --> 00:42:51,889
Na hiyo ndiyo hasa hilo.

877
00:42:51,889 --> 00:42:53,430
HANNAH BLUMBERG: Napenda kuwa tayari.

878
00:42:53,430 --> 00:42:57,010
Katika njia sawa kwamba sisi aliuliza wewe
kuandika rundo la kazi C juu ya jaribio 0,

879
00:42:57,010 --> 00:42:59,766
Napenda kuwa tayari kufanya
sawa katika PHP na JavaScript.

880
00:42:59,766 --> 00:43:00,640
MARIA ZLATKOVA: Naam.

881
00:43:00,640 --> 00:43:03,210
HANNAH BLUMBERG: Naweza kusema
a little-- kama sisi siyo

882
00:43:03,210 --> 00:43:06,251
kwenda kufanya wewe kuandika HTML mkubwa
ukurasa sababu tu kwamba kidogo kidogo

883
00:43:06,251 --> 00:43:08,240
nyeti, lakini unaweza kuwa na sehemu.

884
00:43:08,240 --> 00:43:09,310
Hiyo ni haki kabisa mchezo.

885
00:43:09,310 --> 00:43:11,082
Kama dogo HTML ukurasa, kabisa haki.

886
00:43:11,082 --> 00:43:11,623
Watazamaji: Sawa.

887
00:43:11,623 --> 00:43:13,814
Vipi kuhusu katika JavaScript vile vile?

888
00:43:13,814 --> 00:43:14,730
HANNAH BLUMBERG: Naam.

889
00:43:14,730 --> 00:43:15,250
JavaScript wa haki mchezo.

890
00:43:15,250 --> 00:43:15,635
>> MARIA ZLATKOVA: Naam.

891
00:43:15,635 --> 00:43:16,801
Hiyo ni haki kabisa mchezo.

892
00:43:16,801 --> 00:43:19,280
HANNAH BLUMBERG: Tutaweza kupata
kwa kuwa katika kama dakika 10.

893
00:43:19,280 --> 00:43:23,750
>> MARIA ZLATKOVA: SQL, tena,
Uliza muundo lugha.

894
00:43:23,750 --> 00:43:28,651
Ni kimsingi inaruhusu sisi kusimamia data
katika kimahusiano database usimamizi

895
00:43:28,651 --> 00:43:29,150
mfumo.

896
00:43:29,150 --> 00:43:31,149
Kwamba tu kimsingi ina maana
kwamba tuna mahali fulani

897
00:43:31,149 --> 00:43:37,980
kuhifadhi baadhi ya data kwamba sisi kutaka
kutumia katika tovuti au katika aina nyingine.

898
00:43:37,980 --> 00:43:42,190
Na kisha tuna maswali ili kupata
habari kutoka database yetu,

899
00:43:42,190 --> 00:43:44,320
au kuingiza maelezo katika wao.

900
00:43:44,320 --> 00:43:47,560
Mengi ya kawaida ones-- UPDATE,
Insert, SELECT, na kufuta.

901
00:43:47,560 --> 00:43:50,790
>> Hivyo kwa UPDATE, hii ni syntax
kwa kuongezea data katika database.

902
00:43:50,790 --> 00:43:53,330

903
00:43:53,330 --> 00:43:57,340
Kuhuisha meza hii inaitwa
meza kwa kusema SET,

904
00:43:57,340 --> 00:44:04,170
tunaweza kuweka baadhi maadili katika yote
safu ya kitu kingine chochote sawa.

905
00:44:04,170 --> 00:44:09,410
Ili tuweze pia kutaja baadhi maalum
viingilio kwamba tunataka kurekebisha

906
00:44:09,410 --> 00:44:11,240
na kwamba wanaweza kuwa kutumia WAPI.

907
00:44:11,240 --> 00:44:16,380
Na tunaweza bayana kwamba sisi tu wanataka
kurekebisha baadhi ya mistari ambapo nyumba kwa,

908
00:44:16,380 --> 00:44:19,830
kama tulikuwa na meza ya wanafunzi
na wanafunzi wote alikuwa na nyumba,

909
00:44:19,830 --> 00:44:24,890
hivyo tunataka tu kurekebisha baadhi maadili
ambapo nyumba ni sawa na Currier,

910
00:44:24,890 --> 00:44:25,430
kwa mfano.

911
00:44:25,430 --> 00:44:29,120

912
00:44:29,120 --> 00:44:31,800
>> Kwa kuingiza, tunaweza kuingiza
maadili fulani katika meza.

913
00:44:31,800 --> 00:44:35,150
Hivyo Kuingiza ndani ya meza,
na kisha maadili,

914
00:44:35,150 --> 00:44:39,080
na kisha katika mabano, sisi kutaja
ambayo maadili unataka kuingiza.

915
00:44:39,080 --> 00:44:43,220
Hivyo Kuingiza ndani ya meza, col1 na
col2, thamani ya kitu val1 na val2.

916
00:44:43,220 --> 00:44:48,930
Hivyo hii kuwekeza kimsingi mstari mpya katika
meza zenye maadili ya 1 na 2

917
00:44:48,930 --> 00:44:50,850
chini ya nguzo ya 1 na 2.

918
00:44:50,850 --> 00:44:54,760
>> Na kisha tunakwenda kwenda juu
mfano wa haraka wa jinsi hii inaonekana

919
00:44:54,760 --> 00:44:56,310
kama katika database yetu kidogo.

920
00:44:56,310 --> 00:44:58,685
Lakini swala hii ya mwisho kwamba mimi
kufikiri tunakwenda kwenda juu,

921
00:44:58,685 --> 00:45:01,450
SELECT, ni tu inaruhusu sisi
kuchagua data kutoka meza

922
00:45:01,450 --> 00:45:03,080
kwa uwezekano wa matumizi yake baadaye.

923
00:45:03,080 --> 00:45:05,830
Na njia ya sisi kufanya hivyo ni sisi
tu kuhifadhi katika baadhi kutofautiana.

924
00:45:05,830 --> 00:45:07,780
Na kisha tunaweza uwezekano kuitumia tena.

925
00:45:07,780 --> 00:45:10,260
>> Hivyo SELECT nyota ina maana kuchagua wote.

926
00:45:10,260 --> 00:45:13,280
Hiyo tu shorthand
kwa ajili ya kuchagua wote.

927
00:45:13,280 --> 00:45:19,760
KUTOKA meza WAPI, sisi ni kuangalia
kwa baadhi ya masharti maalum,

928
00:45:19,760 --> 00:45:22,290
hivyo ambapo safu sawa na
kitu, kwa mfano.

929
00:45:22,290 --> 00:45:24,410
Kama sisi tu alitaka
kuchagua wote kutoka meza,

930
00:45:24,410 --> 00:45:28,400
hii huchagua tu nguzo zote
na safu yote kwenye meza.

931
00:45:28,400 --> 00:45:32,040
>> Na kisha kufuta kutoka meza
WAPI Kanali sawa na kitu,

932
00:45:32,040 --> 00:45:36,440
hii deletes tu baadhi
mstari kutoka meza yetu

933
00:45:36,440 --> 00:45:38,860
ambapo tuna baadhi ya masharti maalum.

934
00:45:38,860 --> 00:45:41,870
Katika kesi hiyo, hali
ni safu sawa na kitu.

935
00:45:41,870 --> 00:45:43,460
Hivyo tu mfano wa haraka wa hii.

936
00:45:43,460 --> 00:45:49,100
Kama tuna meza hii hapa hapa na sisi
kuingiza ndani ya meza, maadili haya,

937
00:45:49,100 --> 00:45:50,400
ambayo ingeweza kuingiza safu mpya.

938
00:45:50,400 --> 00:45:56,380
Na kama tulikuwa na auto-increment, hii ingekuwa
tu increment ID wetu 0-1 kwa 2.

939
00:45:56,380 --> 00:46:00,010
>> Kama sisi kuchaguliwa zote kutoka kwa wanafunzi, ni
tu anarudi nyanja zote na safu yote.

940
00:46:00,010 --> 00:46:02,430
Ambapo mwaka ni mkubwa
kuliko au sawa na 2016,

941
00:46:02,430 --> 00:46:04,390
ambayo ingeweza tu kurudi
Hana na mimi mwenyewe.

942
00:46:04,390 --> 00:46:08,360
Na kisha kama sisi tu kuchaguliwa
id mwaka na mwaka KUTOKA wanafunzi

943
00:46:08,360 --> 00:46:11,710
ambapo nyumba ni Cabot House, kwamba
ingekuwa, tena, kurudi Hana na mimi mwenyewe.

944
00:46:11,710 --> 00:46:14,430
>> Kisha kama sisi kufutwa kutoka wanafunzi
ambapo jina ni sawa na Rob,

945
00:46:14,430 --> 00:46:16,760
ambayo ingeweza kufuta mstari mzima.

946
00:46:16,760 --> 00:46:19,696
Na kisha kama sisi kuweka
jina, UPDATE wanafunzi

947
00:46:19,696 --> 00:46:21,570
SET jina sawa na Daven
WAPI nyumba ni sawa

948
00:46:21,570 --> 00:46:27,010
Cabot House, ambayo inaenda kwenda
safu hizo na kisha update jina.

949
00:46:27,010 --> 00:46:31,470
>> Na kisha chache aina SQL data
CHAR, VARCHAR, INT, na kuelea.

950
00:46:31,470 --> 00:46:32,760
Hizi ni haki mchezo.

951
00:46:32,760 --> 00:46:36,740
Napenda kwenda tena
na kuhakikisha kujua

952
00:46:36,740 --> 00:46:40,930
na kuwa nao juu ya kudanganya karatasi yako,
nini kila mmoja wa wahusika wale

953
00:46:40,930 --> 00:46:44,140
zimetumika kwa nini
wewe kutumika yao juu ya psets yako,

954
00:46:44,140 --> 00:46:48,050
na kuhakikisha wewe ni ukoo na
starehe na kuwa na kuchagua

955
00:46:48,050 --> 00:46:51,450
aina tofauti ya data katika pset yako.

956
00:46:51,450 --> 00:46:51,950
Ndiyo.

957
00:46:51,950 --> 00:46:54,300
>> Watazamaji: Je, ilikuwa meza kwamba kuhifadhiwa?

958
00:46:54,300 --> 00:46:57,119
Yeah, ambapo ni meza hii kuhifadhiwa?

959
00:46:57,119 --> 00:46:59,160
MARIA ZLATKOVA: Naam,
sasa hivi, siyo kuhifadhiwa.

960
00:46:59,160 --> 00:47:00,700
Hata hivyo, ambapo ni meza hii kuhifadhiwa?

961
00:47:00,700 --> 00:47:04,503
Lakini inaweza kuhifadhiwa katika database SQL.

962
00:47:04,503 --> 00:47:07,330
>> Watazamaji: Na ambapo ni SQL database?

963
00:47:07,330 --> 00:47:11,200
Katika kompyuta, online
mahali fulani, server?

964
00:47:11,200 --> 00:47:15,000
>> MARIA ZLATKOVA: Ni inaweza kuwa
idadi ya mambo mbalimbali.

965
00:47:15,000 --> 00:47:19,690
>> HANNAH BLUMBERG: Tumekuwa interfaced na
Meza SQL wengi wao wakiwa na phpMyAdmin.

966
00:47:19,690 --> 00:47:22,060
Hivyo tunaweza kuuliza server
kuvihifadhi kwa ajili yetu.

967
00:47:22,060 --> 00:47:23,830
Tunaweza kuhifadhi yao kwenye kompyuta yetu wenyewe.

968
00:47:23,830 --> 00:47:27,950
>> MARIA ZLATKOVA: Ni inategemea tu
jinsi gani unataka kufanya hivyo mwenyewe.

969
00:47:27,950 --> 00:47:30,075
Lakini tumekuwa kuhifadhi
yao, kama Hana zilizotajwa,

970
00:47:30,075 --> 00:47:31,755
juu ya phpMyAdmin, ambayo ni online.

971
00:47:31,755 --> 00:47:36,550

972
00:47:36,550 --> 00:47:39,280
Na kisha jinsi tunavyotumia
PHP na SQL, sisi kuhifadhi

973
00:47:39,280 --> 00:47:43,450
ndani ya baadhi ya kutofautiana
nini tumekuwa aliuliza kwa.

974
00:47:43,450 --> 00:47:48,370
>> Hivyo kama sisi CHAGUA zote kutoka historia
ambapo USER_ID sawa na KIPINDI id,

975
00:47:48,370 --> 00:47:53,900
ambayo ingeweza kuchagua safu zote
kwa mtu ambaye maalum

976
00:47:53,900 --> 00:47:58,327
ni watumiaji katika kutokana na historia
meza na aina yao katika safu.

977
00:47:58,327 --> 00:48:00,410
Jambo zuri kujua ni
kwamba CS50 swala kazi

978
00:48:00,410 --> 00:48:02,180
kulinda dhidi ya vitambulisho SQL sindano.

979
00:48:02,180 --> 00:48:07,420
Hiyo ina maana tu kwamba inafanya kuhakikisha
pembejeo kwamba ni aliingia ni sahihi

980
00:48:07,420 --> 00:48:09,920
na kwamba mtu ambaye
ni kuingia pembejeo

981
00:48:09,920 --> 00:48:15,100
si kujaribu pembejeo baadhi makusudi
kificho kwa ama kuacha meza yetu

982
00:48:15,100 --> 00:48:17,305
au kufuta kila kitu
ndani ya database yetu.

983
00:48:17,305 --> 00:48:20,060

984
00:48:20,060 --> 00:48:23,400
>> Maelezo ya haraka ya
Mfano View Mdhibiti mfano,

985
00:48:23,400 --> 00:48:27,360
ni njia tu ya kuandaa
na kufikiri kuhusu kanuni.

986
00:48:27,360 --> 00:48:29,100
Ni tena, kubuni dhana.

987
00:48:29,100 --> 00:48:33,380
Nini maana ni kwamba sisi
can-- na ni mazoezi mazuri

988
00:48:33,380 --> 00:48:37,790
kutenganisha sehemu mbalimbali
wa kanuni zetu na wanayo

989
00:48:37,790 --> 00:48:40,530
kudhibiti ndani ya mitizamo hayo matatu.

990
00:48:40,530 --> 00:48:46,700
>> Hivyo mtazamo wetu ni mara nyingi wetu
templates, kwa mpangilio yetu, njia

991
00:48:46,700 --> 00:48:48,260
kwamba sisi kuweka jinsi kificho yetu inaonekana.

992
00:48:48,260 --> 00:48:55,190
Hiyo ni zaidi mafaili yetu CSS na njia
kwamba sisi kuelezwa mpango wa kanuni zetu,

993
00:48:55,190 --> 00:48:55,710
kimsingi.

994
00:48:55,710 --> 00:48:59,280
Mtawala wetu ni zaidi ya kile
tumekuwa kufanya na PHP mafaili.

995
00:48:59,280 --> 00:49:03,030
Hivyo tena, kufanya kazi na
habari kwamba tuna

996
00:49:03,030 --> 00:49:06,700
na kufafanua jinsi
habari ni kutumika,

997
00:49:06,700 --> 00:49:10,660
na kisha kupita maelezo kwamba
ama kwenye mtazamo au mfano wa kuigwa.

998
00:49:10,660 --> 00:49:13,880
Na mfano wa kuigwa, kwa njia hiyo tumekuwa
wamekuwa wakitumia ipo imekuwa database yetu,

999
00:49:13,880 --> 00:49:17,510
hivyo ambapo habari wetu ni
kuhifadhiwa hivyo ina mahali fulani

1000
00:49:17,510 --> 00:49:21,490
kuishi katika, na yoyote ya
kificho kwamba inahusiana na njia

1001
00:49:21,490 --> 00:49:25,410
kwamba tunapata kwamba maelezo au
njia ambayo sisi update habari hiyo.

1002
00:49:25,410 --> 00:49:28,940

1003
00:49:28,940 --> 00:49:33,200
>> Hivyo katika mfano MVC, HTTP
maombi waliotumwa mtandao wa kompyuta.

1004
00:49:33,200 --> 00:49:36,220
Kisha, mtawala kutafsiri
ombi kutoka kwa mtumiaji

1005
00:49:36,220 --> 00:49:38,260
na kisha linatambulisha pembejeo mtumiaji.

1006
00:49:38,260 --> 00:49:41,580
Ni hiari kwamba tuna
mtawala kuwasiliana

1007
00:49:41,580 --> 00:49:44,000
kwa mfano, ili kitu
kama database yetu

1008
00:49:44,000 --> 00:49:47,500
au baadhi ya utendaji mwingine
kwamba RELAYS habari.

1009
00:49:47,500 --> 00:49:50,340
Na kisha hatimaye, mtawala
hupita maelezo kwenye mtazamo

1010
00:49:50,340 --> 00:49:52,090
ili iweze kuwa
kulipwa na kwamba inaweza

1011
00:49:52,090 --> 00:49:55,860
kuwa wazi kwa mtu yeyote
kupata ukurasa wa mtandao.

1012
00:49:55,860 --> 00:49:58,440

1013
00:49:58,440 --> 00:50:01,340
>> Maswali yoyote?

1014
00:50:01,340 --> 00:50:01,840
Kutisha.

1015
00:50:01,840 --> 00:50:04,530

1016
00:50:04,530 --> 00:50:08,469
Hivyo tena, mfano,
kazi yake, tena,

1017
00:50:08,469 --> 00:50:11,260
ni kuendelea hifadhi ya taarifa,
kusimamia na kuandaa data.

1018
00:50:11,260 --> 00:50:13,890
Na kile tumeona hivyo
mbali ni database MySQL

1019
00:50:13,890 --> 00:50:16,200
na mafaili yoyote data ambayo inaweza kutumia.

1020
00:50:16,200 --> 00:50:20,580
>> View, uwasilishaji wa taarifa kwa
user, UI, au user interface.

1021
00:50:20,580 --> 00:50:22,350
Na Mfano wa hili ni HTML.

1022
00:50:22,350 --> 00:50:23,950
Na kisha tupate kuwa na PHP ndogo.

1023
00:50:23,950 --> 00:50:28,360
Hivyo kwa kitanzi kwamba iterates
zaidi ya takwimu ambazo ni kuchapishwa

1024
00:50:28,360 --> 00:50:30,720
ni sehemu ya maoni, kama
kinyume na mtawala.

1025
00:50:30,720 --> 00:50:35,660
Na kisha mengi ya mafaili yetu PHP
kuanguka katika mtawala jamii.

1026
00:50:35,660 --> 00:50:38,410
Ni tu Hushughulikia maombi user na
anapata habari kutoka mfano wa kuigwa.

1027
00:50:38,410 --> 00:50:42,880

1028
00:50:42,880 --> 00:50:45,590
>> Kuruka ndani Document
Kitu Mfano, hii tu

1029
00:50:45,590 --> 00:50:47,700
inahusu njia HTML
hati ni kupangwa.

1030
00:50:47,700 --> 00:50:51,600
Na wao ni kupangwa katika mti
muundo ambayo ina uongozi.

1031
00:50:51,600 --> 00:50:56,720
Hivyo kama sisi kupata [inaudible]
uwakilishi wa hati,

1032
00:50:56,720 --> 00:51:02,750
tunaweza kufanya kazi na hati, kama
sisi kuendesha vitu kimsingi.

1033
00:51:02,750 --> 00:51:06,630
>> Na kufanya a huu
wazi kidogo kidogo, wakati

1034
00:51:06,630 --> 00:51:10,540
tuna mengi ya yetu
vitambulisho tofauti kujibu

1035
00:51:10,540 --> 00:51:12,590
kwa njia tofauti tofauti katika mti wetu.

1036
00:51:12,590 --> 00:51:17,070
Na kisha kwa mfano huu, sisi
na kuanzia hati nodi.

1037
00:51:17,070 --> 00:51:20,010
Tuna, basi, yetu HTML nodi
kuwa kugawanyika katika kichwa na mwili.

1038
00:51:20,010 --> 00:51:22,810
Kichwa ina jina na kisha
kichwa ina hello, ulimwengu.

1039
00:51:22,810 --> 00:51:24,860
Na mwili wetu tu ina
hello, dunia pia.

1040
00:51:24,860 --> 00:51:28,700

1041
00:51:28,700 --> 00:51:31,900
>> Hivyo maswali yoyote juu ya yoyote ya
mambo ambayo sisi kufunikwa hadi sasa?

1042
00:51:31,900 --> 00:51:35,891
Na kama sio, Hana mapenzi
kuchukua na JavaScript.

1043
00:51:35,891 --> 00:51:36,390
Kutisha.

1044
00:51:36,390 --> 00:51:37,473
>> HANNAH BLUMBERG: Sawa, baridi.

1045
00:51:37,473 --> 00:51:40,980
Kama kitu anakuja na PHP au HTML,
au yoyote ya mambo Maria kufunikwa,

1046
00:51:40,980 --> 00:51:42,700
sisi daima wanaweza kupima.

1047
00:51:42,700 --> 00:51:46,430
Sisi ni kufanya vizuri zaidi juu ya
muda tena, hivyo kushangaza.

1048
00:51:46,430 --> 00:51:48,770
Na tu kurudi
kweli haraka na hayo,

1049
00:51:48,770 --> 00:51:51,010
kama ukiangalia kila
mtihani mwaka uliopita, hili

1050
00:51:51,010 --> 00:51:54,120
anakuja juu either-- hapa ni
baadhi HTML, kufanya mchoro huu.

1051
00:51:54,120 --> 00:51:58,380
Au hapa ni mchoro huu, kufanya baadhi ya
HTML, hivyo dhahiri kwamba mazoezi.

1052
00:51:58,380 --> 00:52:01,500
Na kisha hiyo ni moja uhakika
swali kwamba unaweza kupata haki.

1053
00:52:01,500 --> 00:52:02,000
Baridi.

1054
00:52:02,000 --> 00:52:04,510
Basi hebu majadiliano juu JavaScript
na jinsi ni kidogo

1055
00:52:04,510 --> 00:52:09,130
tofauti na lugha kama PHP na
C, lugha mbili tuliona kabla ya wakati.

1056
00:52:09,130 --> 00:52:10,780
Hivyo namba moja, ni loosely typed.

1057
00:52:10,780 --> 00:52:14,630
Hiyo ni kama PHP, lakini tofauti na C.

1058
00:52:14,630 --> 00:52:15,890
>> Ni lugha kufasiriwa.

1059
00:52:15,890 --> 00:52:19,870
Tena, hiyo ni kama
PHP, tofauti na C. Na hii

1060
00:52:19,870 --> 00:52:24,630
ni kwenda kuruhusu sisi use-- ni
kazi kweli nicely kwa kurasa za mtandao.

1061
00:52:24,630 --> 00:52:28,350
Ni kwenda kuruhusu sisi kuendesha
maudhui na jinsi inaonekana

1062
00:52:28,350 --> 00:52:30,300
na kile yake.

1063
00:52:30,300 --> 00:52:32,330
>> Tunakwenda kuona kidogo ya Ajax.

1064
00:52:32,330 --> 00:52:36,140
Ni inaruhusu sisi kuwasiliana
asynchronously na seva tofauti

1065
00:52:36,140 --> 00:52:37,950
na kupata taarifa.

1066
00:52:37,950 --> 00:52:42,820
Na hili ni jambo kwamba kweli
hutenganisha JavaScript na PHP na C

1067
00:52:42,820 --> 00:52:45,590
ni kwamba ni mteja upande.

1068
00:52:45,590 --> 00:52:49,860
Wote PHP na C ni
kawaida server-upande.

1069
00:52:49,860 --> 00:52:51,960
>> Kwa sehemu kubwa na
karibu kabisa kile

1070
00:52:51,960 --> 00:52:53,900
tumeona, angalau katika
darasa hili, JavaScript

1071
00:52:53,900 --> 00:52:57,040
vitendo juu ya mteja upande, ambayo ina maana
kwamba browser ni kweli

1072
00:52:57,040 --> 00:52:58,597
jukumu la kuendesha hiyo.

1073
00:52:58,597 --> 00:53:01,180
Na hiyo ina maana kwamba hatuna
haja ya kiutendaji na kompyuta.

1074
00:53:01,180 --> 00:53:04,380
Hivyo ina maana inaweza kuwa mengi kwa kasi
kwa sababu ni kweli tu ni Chrome,

1075
00:53:04,380 --> 00:53:10,420
ni Safari, ni Firefox, chochote
kutumia kweli mbio wako JavaScript.

1076
00:53:10,420 --> 00:53:12,290
>> Watazamaji: Je Asynchronous maana gani?

1077
00:53:12,290 --> 00:53:13,620
>> HANNAH BLUMBERG: Ah, nini
haina asynchronously maana gani?

1078
00:53:13,620 --> 00:53:14,250
Mkuu swali.

1079
00:53:14,250 --> 00:53:17,890
Asynchronously means--
vizuri, maudhui ambayo

1080
00:53:17,890 --> 00:53:22,140
tunatumia ni, sawa, sisi
ni kujenga mtandao

1081
00:53:22,140 --> 00:53:23,860
na tunahitaji kupata baadhi ya taarifa.

1082
00:53:23,860 --> 00:53:28,250
Hivyo, pamoja na mfano wa mashup,
baadhi ya taarifa kwamba sisi kutaka

1083
00:53:28,250 --> 00:53:30,580
ni majina ya makala.

1084
00:53:30,580 --> 00:53:33,330
Sasa, sisi could-- chaguo moja
ni kufanya hivyo synchronously

1085
00:53:33,330 --> 00:53:37,940
na hiyo ina maana hebu
kuacha, kwenda kupata makala,

1086
00:53:37,940 --> 00:53:41,275
kupata makala nyuma, na kisha
atatoa, lakini kwamba itakuwa kweli polepole.

1087
00:53:41,275 --> 00:53:44,150
Hiyo itakuwa mbaya user uzoefu
kwa sababu wewe ingekuwa tu kuwa wamekaa

1088
00:53:44,150 --> 00:53:46,630
kuna kusubiri kwa kitu cha kujibu.

1089
00:53:46,630 --> 00:53:50,020
>> Asynchronously ina maana tutaweza
kuendelea kwenda kuhusu biashara yetu,

1090
00:53:50,020 --> 00:53:52,529
utoaji ukurasa, na
tutaweza kutuma mbali ombi

1091
00:53:52,529 --> 00:53:54,570
hiyo ni aina ya kwenda
kutokea kwa nyuma.

1092
00:53:54,570 --> 00:53:57,610
Nadhani sisi kutumia mfano katika
hotuba ya wito Rob na kusema,

1093
00:53:57,610 --> 00:53:59,980
hey, unaweza ukiangalia hii up
kwa ajili yangu na kupata nyuma yangu,

1094
00:53:59,980 --> 00:54:02,870
kinyume na mimi tu
kusubiri juu ya simu.

1095
00:54:02,870 --> 00:54:07,020
Hivyo asynchronously ina maana yanapotokea
kwa nyuma mbali na sisi

1096
00:54:07,020 --> 00:54:08,676
katika sambamba.

1097
00:54:08,676 --> 00:54:10,400
>> Mkuu swali.

1098
00:54:10,400 --> 00:54:11,830
Kitu kingine?

1099
00:54:11,830 --> 00:54:12,330
Kubwa.

1100
00:54:12,330 --> 00:54:15,020
Tutaweza kuruka mengi zaidi katika
maombi Asynchronous na Ajax.

1101
00:54:15,020 --> 00:54:18,287
>> Watazamaji: Je, JavaScript-- wapi
hivyo kuanguka kwa mfano-mtazamo-mtawala?

1102
00:54:18,287 --> 00:54:19,620
HANNAH BLUMBERG: Mkuu swali.

1103
00:54:19,620 --> 00:54:23,320
Wapi JavaScript kuanguka
kwa mfano-mtazamo-mtawala?

1104
00:54:23,320 --> 00:54:23,930
Hm.

1105
00:54:23,930 --> 00:54:28,350
Nadhani inaweza fall--
hivyo hatuna kawaida

1106
00:54:28,350 --> 00:54:31,340
kama squish ndani kwamba
dhana, lakini mimi nadhani naweza kusema,

1107
00:54:31,340 --> 00:54:34,280
OK, hivyo JavaScript
kweli ni kwenda kuruhusu

1108
00:54:34,280 --> 00:54:37,587
sisi kukusanya takwimu,
kutafsiri data, kweli kufanya

1109
00:54:37,587 --> 00:54:38,920
mambo ya maana na data.

1110
00:54:38,920 --> 00:54:41,100
Kwa njia hiyo, ni sana kudhibiti-kama.

1111
00:54:41,100 --> 00:54:43,900
>> Lakini pia ni kwenda kuruhusu sisi
kuonyesha mambo na magazeti mambo.

1112
00:54:43,900 --> 00:54:47,021
Kwa njia hiyo, ni sana mtazamo-kama.

1113
00:54:47,021 --> 00:54:47,520
Naam.

1114
00:54:47,520 --> 00:54:51,710
Hivyo ni aina ya kama PHP katika
ambapo inaweza aina ya kuwa wote.

1115
00:54:51,710 --> 00:54:53,330
Nzuri swali.

1116
00:54:53,330 --> 00:54:55,209
Kitu kingine?

1117
00:54:55,209 --> 00:54:56,000
Haki wote, kutisha.

1118
00:54:56,000 --> 00:54:57,120
Kusonga haki pamoja.

1119
00:54:57,120 --> 00:54:59,110
>> Basi hebu angalia mfano
jinsi tunaweza kutumia

1120
00:54:59,110 --> 00:55:02,250
JavaScript katika moja ya mtandao mipango yetu.

1121
00:55:02,250 --> 00:55:05,680
Hivyo mimi itabidi kufikiria hili
index.html pamoja na kundi la HTML.

1122
00:55:05,680 --> 00:55:08,800
Na jambo nataka wewe
kuzingatia ni tag hii script.

1123
00:55:08,800 --> 00:55:13,280
Na hii anasema, sawa, nataka kukimbia baadhi
JavaScript na hapa ni mahali ambapo anaishi.

1124
00:55:13,280 --> 00:55:15,400
Ni maisha katika hello.js.

1125
00:55:15,400 --> 00:55:21,120
>> Na mengi sana kama CSS, tunaweza
kuweka JavaScript ndani ya HTML.

1126
00:55:21,120 --> 00:55:24,000
Kwa nini huenda tunataka tofauti kumtoa?

1127
00:55:24,000 --> 00:55:24,500
Naam.

1128
00:55:24,500 --> 00:55:25,486
>> Watazamaji: rahisi kuandika upya?

1129
00:55:25,486 --> 00:55:26,402
>> HANNAH BLUMBERG: Naam.

1130
00:55:26,402 --> 00:55:28,450
Ni rahisi kutumia hela
kurasa za mtandao tofauti.

1131
00:55:28,450 --> 00:55:29,980
Ni anaendelea mambo safi.

1132
00:55:29,980 --> 00:55:32,090
Ni tu mazoezi mazuri.

1133
00:55:32,090 --> 00:55:32,590
Kutisha.

1134
00:55:32,590 --> 00:55:33,930
Jibu nzuri.

1135
00:55:33,930 --> 00:55:36,690
Hivyo nzuri, hivyo hii ni kwenda
kuwa index.html yetu.

1136
00:55:36,690 --> 00:55:39,430
Na kisha chini hapa ni wetu
kidogo kidogo JavaScript file.

1137
00:55:39,430 --> 00:55:42,410
>> Na wote ni anasema ni tahadhari Habari, dunia.

1138
00:55:42,410 --> 00:55:46,040
Hivyo kile kinachotokea ni wakati
hii renders-- ukurasa

1139
00:55:46,040 --> 00:55:49,680
hivyo kama wewe kwenda kwenye tovuti yoyote
hii is-- yote kitatokea

1140
00:55:49,680 --> 00:55:53,330
je, ni kwenda kusema, OK, mimi nina
kwenda kukimbia hii code JavaScript.

1141
00:55:53,330 --> 00:55:56,370
Na hii kanuni JavaScript
tu anasema tahadhari Habari, dunia.

1142
00:55:56,370 --> 00:55:59,090
Hivyo nina kwenda kupata hii
kirafiki kidogo pop-up.

1143
00:55:59,090 --> 00:56:00,360
>> Baridi?

1144
00:56:00,360 --> 00:56:04,746
Hiyo ni aina ya kama yetu sana kwanza
JavaScript mpango, Habari wetu, dunia.

1145
00:56:04,746 --> 00:56:07,690

1146
00:56:07,690 --> 00:56:12,190
Hebu tuangalie kidogo zaidi kuhusu nini
syntax ya JavaScript inaonekana kama.

1147
00:56:12,190 --> 00:56:16,330
Na hasa, hebu kulinganisha kwa
C na PHP, ambayo tumeona kabla.

1148
00:56:16,330 --> 00:56:20,610
>> Katika JavaScript, tunakwenda na
var, jina la kutofautiana, na kisha

1149
00:56:20,610 --> 00:56:21,690
thamani yake halisi.

1150
00:56:21,690 --> 00:56:26,170
Na hatuna kutaja aina, tu
kama katika PHP, lakini sana tofauti na katika C.

1151
00:56:26,170 --> 00:56:28,850
Hivyo kwa mfano, kama sisi alitaka
kuhifadhi thamani 50,

1152
00:56:28,850 --> 00:56:32,490
katika C, tunataka kuwa na kusema,
hey, C, nataka integer,

1153
00:56:32,490 --> 00:56:35,076
Mimi nina kwenda kuiita
i, na thamani yake ni 50.

1154
00:56:35,076 --> 00:56:36,450
Katika PHP, ni rahisi kidogo.

1155
00:56:36,450 --> 00:56:41,880
Sisi tunasema, hey, nataka kutofautiana
kuitwa i na thamani yake ni 50.

1156
00:56:41,880 --> 00:56:45,890
Sana vile vile, katika JavaScript, sisi
kusema hey, nataka variable kuitwa i,

1157
00:56:45,890 --> 00:56:47,080
thamani yake ni 50.

1158
00:56:47,080 --> 00:56:52,140
Kila wakati baadae kwamba mimi kutumia
i, mimi hawana haja ya kuandika var.

1159
00:56:52,140 --> 00:56:53,810
Ni tu i kutoka kwamba uhakika juu.

1160
00:56:53,810 --> 00:56:58,660
Kwa njia hiyo hiyo, katika C, ambapo
mara moja tunasema int i, sisi tu kutumia i.

1161
00:56:58,660 --> 00:57:00,340
Baridi?

1162
00:57:00,340 --> 00:57:01,800
Sawa.

1163
00:57:01,800 --> 00:57:03,710
>> Kuhamia kwenye mizunguko,
bahati, hizi karibu

1164
00:57:03,710 --> 00:57:06,720
kuangalia exactly-- nadhani wao ni
sawa kama yale

1165
00:57:06,720 --> 00:57:09,799
mizunguko ni kwenda kuangalia kama katika
kitu kama C ambapo yako kwa kitanzi

1166
00:57:09,799 --> 00:57:11,840
ni kwenda na tatu
parts-- initialization,

1167
00:57:11,840 --> 00:57:13,640
hali, na update.

1168
00:57:13,640 --> 00:57:15,340
Kitanzi wakati, inaonekana exact.

1169
00:57:15,340 --> 00:57:16,390
Sisi tu kutoa hali hiyo.

1170
00:57:16,390 --> 00:57:18,264
>> Na kufanya wakati kitanzi,
tena, sawa.

1171
00:57:18,264 --> 00:57:20,190
Sisi kuwapa hali hiyo.

1172
00:57:20,190 --> 00:57:24,510
Hebu sema nilitaka iterate over--
Nilitaka kufanya kitu mara tano.

1173
00:57:24,510 --> 00:57:27,840
Katika C, tupate kuandika
kwa init i sawa 0.

1174
00:57:27,840 --> 00:57:30,480
i ni chini ya 5, i ++.

1175
00:57:30,480 --> 00:57:34,240
Tofauti pekee, katika JavaScript,
badala ya kusema int i sawa 0,

1176
00:57:34,240 --> 00:57:36,820
tunasema var i sawa 0.

1177
00:57:36,820 --> 00:57:38,370
Nzuri.

1178
00:57:38,370 --> 00:57:41,320
Hiyo ni tofauti tu.

1179
00:57:41,320 --> 00:57:43,200
Maswali yoyote juu ya yoyote ya kwamba?

1180
00:57:43,200 --> 00:57:44,160
Ndiyo.

1181
00:57:44,160 --> 00:57:48,480
>> Watazamaji: Hivyo katika PHP, ni sawa
Jambo, isipokuwa lakini kama kutofautiana?

1182
00:57:48,480 --> 00:57:49,564
Au ni kwamba var mfano?

1183
00:57:49,564 --> 00:57:50,480
HANNAH BLUMBERG: Naam.

1184
00:57:50,480 --> 00:57:52,310
Hivyo katika PHP, ni kwenda
kuwa ishara ya dola.

1185
00:57:52,310 --> 00:57:59,450
Hivyo ni kwenda kwa $ i sawa
0, $ i ni chini ya 5, $ i ++.

1186
00:57:59,450 --> 00:58:02,490
Mkuu swali.

1187
00:58:02,490 --> 00:58:04,570
>> Sasa hebu majadiliano juu ya
kazi maazimio.

1188
00:58:04,570 --> 00:58:07,010
Katika C, wakati sisi alitangaza
kazi, sisi akampa jina

1189
00:58:07,010 --> 00:58:08,490
na sisi akampa baadhi ya vigezo.

1190
00:58:08,490 --> 00:58:10,670
Na mwanzoni, tuliandika aina.

1191
00:58:10,670 --> 00:58:12,440
Katika JavaScript, kila sisi
una kufanya ni kuandika

1192
00:58:12,440 --> 00:58:15,080
keyword kazi ambayo
anasema, hey, JavaScript,

1193
00:58:15,080 --> 00:58:16,570
Mimi nina kuhusu kufafanua kazi.

1194
00:58:16,570 --> 00:58:18,520
>> Katika kesi hiyo, ina jina jibu.

1195
00:58:18,520 --> 00:58:20,820
Na inachukua hoja mbili, x na y.

1196
00:58:20,820 --> 00:58:23,280
Taarifa kwamba hatuna huduma
juu ya aina ya x na y.

1197
00:58:23,280 --> 00:58:26,280
Na kama C, tuna
hii kurudi Keyword,

1198
00:58:26,280 --> 00:58:29,140
ili tuweze kufanya kitu
kama kurudi x na y.

1199
00:58:29,140 --> 00:58:32,540
>> Na sasa kwa mara nyingine tumekuwa imeandikwa huu kwanza
kazi, tunaweza kutumia kiasi popote.

1200
00:58:32,540 --> 00:58:34,740
Na hiyo ndiyo kabisa faini.

1201
00:58:34,740 --> 00:58:37,530
Jambo moja kweli ya baridi kuhusu
JavaScript kwamba ni sana tofauti na C

1202
00:58:37,530 --> 00:58:40,770
ni kwamba kazi wanaweza
kutendewa kama maadili.

1203
00:58:40,770 --> 00:58:43,895
Hivyo tunaweza kufanya kitu kama hapa
ambapo nadhani kufunika huu up--

1204
00:58:43,895 --> 00:58:46,400
Mimi kufunikwa juu var Jumla
part-- na sisi tu alisema

1205
00:58:46,400 --> 00:58:49,850
kazi xy sawa na kurudi x pamoja y.

1206
00:58:49,850 --> 00:58:52,140
>> Hiyo ni kitu gani kuitwa
kazi bila majina.

1207
00:58:52,140 --> 00:58:53,920
Ni kazi bila jina.

1208
00:58:53,920 --> 00:58:56,290
Wakati huu anasema kazi
Jumla, blah, blah, blah,

1209
00:58:56,290 --> 00:58:59,340
hii itakuwa tu kusema kazi.

1210
00:58:59,340 --> 00:59:02,020
Lakini sasa hata kama nina
kazi hii bila majina,

1211
00:59:02,020 --> 00:59:03,630
kazi ambayo ni kweli tu thamani.

1212
00:59:03,630 --> 00:59:05,160
Tunaweza kutibu kama thamani.

1213
00:59:05,160 --> 00:59:10,180
>> Ili tuweze kuokoa ni katika kutofautiana sawa
njia tunaweza kuhifadhi 50 katika kutofautiana.

1214
00:59:10,180 --> 00:59:13,870
Hivyo tunaweza kusema, sawa, nataka
kutofautiana, ni kuitwa jumla,

1215
00:59:13,870 --> 00:59:16,011
na ni kazi huu.

1216
00:59:16,011 --> 00:59:18,760
Hivyo mambo haya mawili ni kweli
kwenda kufanya exact kitu,

1217
00:59:18,760 --> 00:59:21,576
lakini syntax ni kidogo
tofauti na aina ya furaha kumbuka.

1218
00:59:21,576 --> 00:59:22,076
Naam.

1219
00:59:22,076 --> 00:59:25,548
>> Watazamaji: Hivyo unaweza kuwaita
kazi ambayo ilikuwa bila majina kwa kusema,

1220
00:59:25,548 --> 00:59:28,244
Jumla mabano 2, 5?

1221
00:59:28,244 --> 00:59:29,160
HANNAH BLUMBERG: Naam.

1222
00:59:29,160 --> 00:59:32,280
Unaweza kupiga simu bila majina huu
kazi kwa njia sawa.

1223
00:59:32,280 --> 00:59:33,350
Ungependa kufanya kiasi (2, 5) ;.

1224
00:59:33,350 --> 00:59:36,180

1225
00:59:36,180 --> 00:59:38,200
Hiyo itakuwa kabisa faini.

1226
00:59:38,200 --> 00:59:41,575
>> Kama mimi si kufanya var Jumla sawa na
kazi, kama mimi tu kufutwa

1227
00:59:41,575 --> 00:59:45,480
Haya Najua ni upande wangu,
lakini kujifanya mimi kufutwa Haya basi

1228
00:59:45,480 --> 00:59:46,964
kazi ambayo ni aina ya tu wamekwenda.

1229
00:59:46,964 --> 00:59:49,630
Unaweza kamwe kuitumia tena kwa sababu
huna jina kwa ajili yake.

1230
00:59:49,630 --> 00:59:53,497
Ni vigumu kutaja kitu
wewe hawajui nini kuwaita.

1231
00:59:53,497 --> 00:59:54,080
Nzuri swali.

1232
00:59:54,080 --> 00:59:54,580
Naam.

1233
00:59:54,580 --> 00:59:59,580
>> Watazamaji: Je, unaweza rejea jumla katika
maeneo mengine kwa thamani ya x pamoja y?

1234
00:59:59,580 --> 01:00:01,940
>> HANNAH BLUMBERG: Je, unaweza
kumbukumbu Jumla katika maeneo mengine

1235
01:00:01,940 --> 01:00:03,360
kwa thamani x pamoja y?

1236
01:00:03,360 --> 01:00:05,130
Sina hakika kabisa nini.

1237
01:00:05,130 --> 01:00:10,582
>> Watazamaji: Hivyo yako ya zamani nusu bila majina
kazi ni jumla ni sawa na hii

1238
01:00:10,582 --> 01:00:14,452
kazi bila majina, hivyo jumla ni
sasa kutofautiana kwamba can--

1239
01:00:14,452 --> 01:00:15,410
HANNAH BLUMBERG: Haki.

1240
01:00:15,410 --> 01:00:18,980
Hivyo kiasi ni kutofautiana,
lakini ni actually--

1241
01:00:18,980 --> 01:00:23,770
hivyo jumla ni kutofautiana ambao
thamani ya kazi.

1242
01:00:23,770 --> 01:00:27,030
Hivyo ni kazi, ambayo ni aina ya
Jambo weird kwa wrap kichwa yako karibu

1243
01:00:27,030 --> 01:00:29,880
tangu tumekuwa kucheza na
C na huwezi kufanya hivyo katika C.

1244
01:00:29,880 --> 01:00:32,679
Lakini sasa tunaweza kuwaita kuhitimisha
njia ile ile tunaweza kuita Jumla hapa.

1245
01:00:32,679 --> 01:00:33,220
Watazamaji: Sawa.

1246
01:00:33,220 --> 01:00:33,970
HANNAH BLUMBERG: Naam.

1247
01:00:33,970 --> 01:00:34,553
Nzuri swali.

1248
01:00:34,553 --> 01:00:35,438
Naam.

1249
01:00:35,438 --> 01:00:39,862
>> Watazamaji: Hivyo hatuwezi kutumia
prototypes katika PHP au JavaScript?

1250
01:00:39,862 --> 01:00:42,070
HANNAH BLUMBERG: Hapana, sisi
huna haja ya kutumia prototypes,

1251
01:00:42,070 --> 01:00:43,880
hasa katika JavaScript.

1252
01:00:43,880 --> 01:00:49,380
Hivyo moja mbaya mazoezi jambo kwamba mimi nina
kwenda kusema kwamba unapaswa kufanya

1253
01:00:49,380 --> 01:00:52,620
ni huna kuandika var i = 50.

1254
01:00:52,620 --> 01:00:54,840
Unaweza tu kuanza kufanya i = 50.

1255
01:00:54,840 --> 01:00:57,490
Na ingekuwa tu kufanya i kutofautiana kimataifa.

1256
01:00:57,490 --> 01:01:00,550
>> Ni mila mbaya sana kwa ni
kamwe kusema explicity var i,

1257
01:01:00,550 --> 01:01:01,800
lakini ni kitu unaweza kufanya.

1258
01:01:01,800 --> 01:01:03,591
Mkalimani siyo
kwenda yell saa wewe.

1259
01:01:03,591 --> 01:01:05,920
JavaScript ni mzuri kama,
unaweza kufanya nini unataka.

1260
01:01:05,920 --> 01:01:09,301

1261
01:01:09,301 --> 01:01:09,800
Oh, pole.

1262
01:01:09,800 --> 01:01:10,300
Kuna wawili.

1263
01:01:10,300 --> 01:01:12,150
Katika suruali machungwa.

1264
01:01:12,150 --> 01:01:13,190
Endelea.

1265
01:01:13,190 --> 01:01:14,390
>> Watazamaji: Hapana, wewe kwenda kwanza.

1266
01:01:14,390 --> 01:01:16,765
>> Watazamaji: Hapana, mimi alikuwa akisema tu
Sikuwa na mkono wangu juu.

1267
01:01:16,765 --> 01:01:20,248

1268
01:01:20,248 --> 01:01:20,748
SAWA.

1269
01:01:20,748 --> 01:01:26,604
Hivyo kama ungekuwa kuwaita
Wakati huo wa kwanza, sasa kuhitimisha,

1270
01:01:26,604 --> 01:01:29,864
sisi kuiita njia ile ile, x,
y, kama kila wakati?

1271
01:01:29,864 --> 01:01:30,780
HANNAH BLUMBERG: Naam.

1272
01:01:30,780 --> 01:01:32,572
Hivyo hizi mbili kimsingi
kufanya kitu kimoja.

1273
01:01:32,572 --> 01:01:35,113
Watazamaji: Na nini faida
ya kutumia moja au nyingine?

1274
01:01:35,113 --> 01:01:37,500
HANNAH BLUMBERG: Hakuna faida
ya kutumia moja au nyingine.

1275
01:01:37,500 --> 01:01:40,080
Mimi nilitaka kuonyesha mbili
vipande mbalimbali ya syntax.

1276
01:01:40,080 --> 01:01:42,770
Mara nyingi ambapo bila majina
kazi kufanya kuwa lengo

1277
01:01:42,770 --> 01:01:48,220
ni kama hoja hadi nyingine
kazi lazima kazi.

1278
01:01:48,220 --> 01:01:50,600
Na tutaweza kuona kwamba katika
haki ya pili na Ajax.

1279
01:01:50,600 --> 01:01:53,577
>> Hivyo kama kwamba hakuwa na maana yoyote,
kuhifadhi katika nyuma ya kichwa yako.

1280
01:01:53,577 --> 01:01:55,660
Hapo ndipo bila majina
kazi inaweza kuwa na manufaa

1281
01:01:55,660 --> 01:01:58,284
kwa sababu si kweli thamani
kutoa ni jina tangu tuko tu

1282
01:01:58,284 --> 01:01:59,443
kwenda kuitumia mara moja.

1283
01:01:59,443 --> 01:02:00,370
Naam.

1284
01:02:00,370 --> 01:02:03,635
>> Watazamaji: Kama x na y mabadiliko baadaye
juu, itakuwa kuhitimisha mabadiliko pia?

1285
01:02:03,635 --> 01:02:06,510
HANNAH BLUMBERG: Kama x na y mabadiliko
baadaye, itakuwa kuhitimisha mabadiliko pia?

1286
01:02:06,510 --> 01:02:08,840
Hivyo hii ni kweli mimi
kufikiri kitu ambacho ni,

1287
01:02:08,840 --> 01:02:12,260
tena, ni tu anahisi tofauti sana
kutoka C. Hii si thamani.

1288
01:02:12,260 --> 01:02:13,620
Siyo 5.

1289
01:02:13,620 --> 01:02:15,550
Ni tu kazi yenyewe.

1290
01:02:15,550 --> 01:02:19,110
Hivyo kwa haraka kama wewe kuwapa vigezo,
basi utasikia kweli mahesabu ya thamani.

1291
01:02:19,110 --> 01:02:21,193
>> MARIA ZLATKOVA: Na kisha
unaweza piga kazi

1292
01:02:21,193 --> 01:02:23,272
na matumizi yake ya kupata baadhi ya thamani.

1293
01:02:23,272 --> 01:02:24,230
HANNAH BLUMBERG: Haki.

1294
01:02:24,230 --> 01:02:25,250
Hasa.

1295
01:02:25,250 --> 01:02:25,863
Naam.

1296
01:02:25,863 --> 01:02:27,946
>> Watazamaji: Hivyo kama wewe tu
kuhifadhi katika kutofautiana,

1297
01:02:27,946 --> 01:02:31,430
kama var x sawa Jumla ya wawili values--

1298
01:02:31,430 --> 01:02:32,420
>> HANNAH BLUMBERG: Naam.

1299
01:02:32,420 --> 01:02:35,320
Hivyo unaweza tu kufanya var Jumla
sawa Jumla ya maadili mbili.

1300
01:02:35,320 --> 01:02:37,670
Naam.

1301
01:02:37,670 --> 01:02:38,680
Yoyote maswali mengine?

1302
01:02:38,680 --> 01:02:39,642
Naam.

1303
01:02:39,642 --> 01:02:42,047
>> Watazamaji: Lakini ingekuwa kwamba
kuchanganya jumla na kiasi?

1304
01:02:42,047 --> 01:02:45,062
Kama kama wewe piga Jumla yako kutofautiana,
ingekuwa wewe piga kazi kiasi?

1305
01:02:45,062 --> 01:02:45,895
HANNAH BLUMBERG: Mm.

1306
01:02:45,895 --> 01:02:46,395
Mm.

1307
01:02:46,395 --> 01:02:51,253
Kama alifanya kitu
kama, jumla ni sawa na kiasi 2, 5?

1308
01:02:51,253 --> 01:02:53,170
>> Watazamaji: Naam.

1309
01:02:53,170 --> 01:02:56,465
>> HANNAH BLUMBERG: Naamini kuwa
ingekuwa overwrite thamani ya jumla.

1310
01:02:56,465 --> 01:02:59,290
Hivyo mwingine kuvutia
Jambo kuhusu JavaScript

1311
01:02:59,290 --> 01:03:02,950
ni kwamba kutofautiana mmoja anaweza kuchukua
juu ya rundo ya aina mbalimbali.

1312
01:03:02,950 --> 01:03:03,790
Bad mazoezi.

1313
01:03:03,790 --> 01:03:06,280
Ni lazima si kufanya kitu
kama yale tu alisema.

1314
01:03:06,280 --> 01:03:10,240
>> Lakini katika C, kama i ni kuweka
sawa na integer,

1315
01:03:10,240 --> 01:03:13,570
Tunajua kwamba ni kamwe
inaenda kuwa kamba.

1316
01:03:13,570 --> 01:03:15,670
Hii si kesi katika JavaScript.

1317
01:03:15,670 --> 01:03:17,770
Yeah, swali zuri.

1318
01:03:17,770 --> 01:03:20,151
Kitu kingine?

1319
01:03:20,151 --> 01:03:20,650
Sawa.

1320
01:03:20,650 --> 01:03:21,850
Kufanya sawa kwa wakati.

1321
01:03:21,850 --> 01:03:23,050
Kuweka kwenda.

1322
01:03:23,050 --> 01:03:25,200
Sawa.

1323
01:03:25,200 --> 01:03:27,780
>> Tukiangalia safu
katika JavaScript, hapa ni

1324
01:03:27,780 --> 01:03:30,250
mfano wa haraka wa safu ya masharti.

1325
01:03:30,250 --> 01:03:31,967
Na arrays unaweza kukua dynamically.

1326
01:03:31,967 --> 01:03:33,675
Hawana
ukubwa fasta njia ile ile

1327
01:03:33,675 --> 01:03:37,990
wanayo yafanya katika C. Tunaweza kupata
vipengele na tu mabano mraba.

1328
01:03:37,990 --> 01:03:41,720
>> Hiyo inaonekana mengi kama PHP na mengi
kama C, ambapo tunaweza kusema, katika kesi hii,

1329
01:03:41,720 --> 01:03:48,360
kama nilitaka neno JavaScript, napenda
Je, ARR mabano mraba na 0, 1, 2.

1330
01:03:48,360 --> 01:03:51,450

1331
01:03:51,450 --> 01:03:55,390
Na kisha kama unakumbuka katika C wakati sisi
alitaka kupata urefu wa safu,

1332
01:03:55,390 --> 01:03:56,820
ni kweli annoying.

1333
01:03:56,820 --> 01:03:58,460
Lakini katika JavaScript, super rahisi.

1334
01:03:58,460 --> 01:03:59,910
Wote sisi kufanya, .length.

1335
01:03:59,910 --> 01:04:01,120
Anatoa ni urefu.

1336
01:04:01,120 --> 01:04:01,892
Hiyo ni.

1337
01:04:01,892 --> 01:04:03,140
>> Watazamaji: Hiyo ni rahisi.

1338
01:04:03,140 --> 01:04:05,306
>> HANNAH BLUMBERG: Yeah, hufanya
maisha yako rahisi sana.

1339
01:04:05,306 --> 01:04:08,950

1340
01:04:08,950 --> 01:04:11,560
OK, object-- huko.

1341
01:04:11,560 --> 01:04:15,480
Vitu katika JavaScript kujisikia
mengi kama structs katika C

1342
01:04:15,480 --> 01:04:18,280
na arrays associative katika PHP.

1343
01:04:18,280 --> 01:04:20,270
Kwa hiyo kile tumeona
mengi ya ni JSON, ambayo

1344
01:04:20,270 --> 01:04:23,150
anasimama kwa JavaScript Object nukuu.

1345
01:04:23,150 --> 01:04:25,550
Na ni kimsingi njia
ya jinsia takwimu zetu.

1346
01:04:25,550 --> 01:04:27,880
>> Basi hebu angalia mfano,
pengine njia rahisi.

1347
01:04:27,880 --> 01:04:32,540
Hivyo hapa ni mfano wa kitu
kwamba maduka darasani, CS50.

1348
01:04:32,540 --> 01:04:37,790
Na wakati mimi kusema darasani, I mean kweli,
si like-- yeah, bila shaka, CS50.

1349
01:04:37,790 --> 01:04:40,730
Na utaona kwamba
kila kitu katika kitu

1350
01:04:40,730 --> 01:04:43,526
ni kwenda kuwa zilizomo
katika braces curly.

1351
01:04:43,526 --> 01:04:48,260
>> Na sisi kuanza kuhusisha majina uwanja
au funguo na maadili tofauti.

1352
01:04:48,260 --> 01:04:52,920
Hivyo unaweza kuanza kuona ni jinsi gani aina hii ya
anahisi kama safu associative katika PHP.

1353
01:04:52,920 --> 01:04:57,450
Hivyo sisi ni kwenda kujiunga uwanja au
ufunguo jina, bila shaka, pamoja na kamba,

1354
01:04:57,450 --> 01:04:58,510
CS50.

1355
01:04:58,510 --> 01:04:59,940
>> Tunakwenda kuwa na mwalimu.

1356
01:04:59,940 --> 01:05:00,940
Tunakwenda kuwa na TFS.

1357
01:05:00,940 --> 01:05:05,240
Tunakwenda kuwa na idadi ya psets
na tunakwenda na kumbukumbu.

1358
01:05:05,240 --> 01:05:10,720
Na moja jambo zuri kutambua ni wote wa
mambo haya na aina mbalimbali,

1359
01:05:10,720 --> 01:05:12,020
na kwamba ni kabisa faini.

1360
01:05:12,020 --> 01:05:15,330
>> Ni faini kwa kitu, kwa kweli,
ni pengine inatarajiwa ajili kitu

1361
01:05:15,330 --> 01:05:19,620
kuwa na mchanganyiko wa masharti
na idadi na Booleans na arrays

1362
01:05:19,620 --> 01:05:23,420
na kingine chochote waweza
wanataka kuwa na kitu ndani ya yako.

1363
01:05:23,420 --> 01:05:28,570
Na kumbuka kuwa hawa ni kwenda kuwa
majina au funguo, na kisha sisi tu

1364
01:05:28,570 --> 01:05:30,300
kuweka sawa na matumbo kidogo.

1365
01:05:30,300 --> 01:05:32,015
>> Watazamaji: Nini hasa gani JSON maana gani?

1366
01:05:32,015 --> 01:05:33,890
HANNAH BLUMBERG: Nini
hasa gani JSON maana gani?

1367
01:05:33,890 --> 01:05:36,470
JSON tu anasimama kwa
JavaScript Object nukuu.

1368
01:05:36,470 --> 01:05:38,430
Ni njia tu ya formatting.

1369
01:05:38,430 --> 01:05:40,040
Naam.

1370
01:05:40,040 --> 01:05:41,800
Ni njia ya formatting takwimu zetu.

1371
01:05:41,800 --> 01:05:43,620
>> Katika C, ni structs.

1372
01:05:43,620 --> 01:05:45,800
Katika PHP, ni associative arrays.

1373
01:05:45,800 --> 01:05:47,120
Katika JavaScript, tuna vitu.

1374
01:05:47,120 --> 01:05:48,969
>> Watazamaji: Hivyo CS50 ni kitu?

1375
01:05:48,969 --> 01:05:51,010
HANNAH BLUMBERG: CS50 ni
kitu katika kesi hii.

1376
01:05:51,010 --> 01:05:54,830

1377
01:05:54,830 --> 01:05:57,880
Sasa, jinsi gani sisi kweli kupata
mashamba hayo au kubadilisha mashamba hayo.

1378
01:05:57,880 --> 01:06:03,920
Kwa mfano, tuseme tuliamua kwamba
alitaka moja wachache pset muhula huu.

1379
01:06:03,920 --> 01:06:06,300
Badala ya tisa, tuko
tu kwenda na nane.

1380
01:06:06,300 --> 01:06:08,240
Jinsi gani sisi kubadili hali hiyo?

1381
01:06:08,240 --> 01:06:09,436
>> Loo, njia sahihi.

1382
01:06:09,436 --> 01:06:11,060
Kuna njia mbili za tuweze kufanya hivyo.

1383
01:06:11,060 --> 01:06:13,490
Namba moja ni kwa nukta
nukuu na namba mbili

1384
01:06:13,490 --> 01:06:15,750
ni pamoja na mraba bracket nukuu.

1385
01:06:15,750 --> 01:06:19,720
Hivyo, kwa mfano, kama mimi
alitaka mabadiliko au upatikanaji

1386
01:06:19,720 --> 01:06:26,820
psets uwanja katika CS50 yetu kitu,
kile atafanya ni CS50.psets,

1387
01:06:26,820 --> 01:06:30,770
hivyo jina la kitu nukta
jina la uwanja au muhimu.

1388
01:06:30,770 --> 01:06:37,120
>> Sana vile vile, ni hasa
sawa kufanya CS50, na kisha

1389
01:06:37,120 --> 01:06:42,050
katika braces mraba, psets.

1390
01:06:42,050 --> 01:06:42,837
Baridi?

1391
01:06:42,837 --> 01:06:44,298
Naam.

1392
01:06:44,298 --> 01:06:47,707
>> Watazamaji: Hivyo ni JSON
kitaalam bado JavaScript,

1393
01:06:47,707 --> 01:06:51,814
ingawa katika psets sisi
kutenganisha ni nje [inaudible]?

1394
01:06:51,814 --> 01:06:52,730
HANNAH BLUMBERG: Ni kweli.

1395
01:06:52,730 --> 01:06:56,290
Hivyo swali ni, ni
JavaScript na JSON sawa?

1396
01:06:56,290 --> 01:07:00,750
Hivyo JSON ni nukuu, kimsingi
njia ambayo sisi kuandika

1397
01:07:00,750 --> 01:07:02,700
kitu kutoka JavaScript.

1398
01:07:02,700 --> 01:07:05,190
Hivyo wao siyo sawa.

1399
01:07:05,190 --> 01:07:08,950
>> Napenda kusema JavaScript, kuna
ni vitu katika JavaScript.

1400
01:07:08,950 --> 01:07:12,590
JSON inachukua vitu wale na
Prints yao na maonyesho yao

1401
01:07:12,590 --> 01:07:15,160
au maduka yao kwa njia nzuri.

1402
01:07:15,160 --> 01:07:18,110
Hivyo JSON si Programu
lugha kwa njia hiyo JavaScript ni.

1403
01:07:18,110 --> 01:07:20,900
Ni tu nukuu kwa
vitu yetu katika JavaScript.

1404
01:07:20,900 --> 01:07:21,400
Naam.

1405
01:07:21,400 --> 01:07:24,144
>> Watazamaji: Hivyo nini hasa
[Inaudible] kukamilisha?

1406
01:07:24,144 --> 01:07:25,060
HANNAH BLUMBERG: Ni kweli.

1407
01:07:25,060 --> 01:07:27,727
Hivyo hii kweli haina chochote.

1408
01:07:27,727 --> 01:07:28,935
Hii ni njia ya kupata.

1409
01:07:28,935 --> 01:07:31,393
Hivyo hebu sema tulitaka mabadiliko
idadi ya seti tatizo

1410
01:07:31,393 --> 01:07:32,450
9-8.

1411
01:07:32,450 --> 01:07:34,383
Tunachofanya ni kufanya kitu
kama CS50.psets = 8 ;.

1412
01:07:34,383 --> 01:07:38,500

1413
01:07:38,500 --> 01:07:39,400
>> Yeah, swali kubwa.

1414
01:07:39,400 --> 01:07:40,733
Hii ni tu kuonyesha syntax.

1415
01:07:40,733 --> 01:07:43,620
Haina kweli kufanya kitu chochote muhimu.

1416
01:07:43,620 --> 01:07:46,085
Maswali yoyote?

1417
01:07:46,085 --> 01:07:48,210
Kusonga haki pamoja.

1418
01:07:48,210 --> 01:07:51,960
>> Basi hebu tuangalie mfano wa jinsi ya haraka
JavaScript kazi kwa sababu niliwaambia ni

1419
01:07:51,960 --> 01:07:55,170
anafanya mambo yote haya ya baridi na
inaruhusu sisi kurekebisha kurasa za mtandao.

1420
01:07:55,170 --> 01:07:56,970
Hebu kweli kuona katika hatua.

1421
01:07:56,970 --> 01:07:59,850
Hivyo kuchukua, kwa mfano, faili hili HTML.

1422
01:07:59,850 --> 01:08:04,350
>> Na jambo nataka wewe kuzingatia ni
tag hasa hili, ambayo ni kifungo,

1423
01:08:04,350 --> 01:08:06,182
na kitambulisho search_button.

1424
01:08:06,182 --> 01:08:08,670
Ni tu juu ya ukurasa.

1425
01:08:08,670 --> 01:08:10,690
Hivyo sasa hebu angalia nini
sisi kweli wanaweza kufanya.

1426
01:08:10,690 --> 01:08:12,560
>> Naam, tuseme wakati
wewe click kwamba kifungo,

1427
01:08:12,560 --> 01:08:16,010
tunataka kufanya alert--
wewe clicked kifungo.

1428
01:08:16,010 --> 01:08:17,840
Hebu angalia jinsi tunaweza kufanya hivyo.

1429
01:08:17,840 --> 01:08:23,869
Hivyo window.onload-- hii si kitu
kwamba wameweza kuona darasani, kwa hiyo

1430
01:08:23,869 --> 01:08:26,180
Huwezi haja ya kujua kwa jaribio.

1431
01:08:26,180 --> 01:08:33,660
Lakini hii kimsingi anasema, sawa, wito
kazi hii wakati dirisha mizigo.

1432
01:08:33,660 --> 01:08:35,080
>> Hivyo hiyo ni aina tu ya kuanzisha kanuni.

1433
01:08:35,080 --> 01:08:36,390
Msiwe na wasiwasi sana kuhusu hilo.

1434
01:08:36,390 --> 01:08:39,170
Nini nataka wewe kuzingatia ni katika hapa.

1435
01:08:39,170 --> 01:08:44,020
Tunasema var searchButton sawa na
document.getElementByID search_button.

1436
01:08:44,020 --> 01:08:46,450
>> Hivyo kama unaweza nadhani,
nini hii haina ni inasema,

1437
01:08:46,450 --> 01:08:50,920
OK, kwenda kupata kipengele
pamoja ID search_button.

1438
01:08:50,920 --> 01:08:52,790
Na sasa tuna kuwa
halisi kipengele na mimi nina

1439
01:08:52,790 --> 01:08:56,279
kwenda kuhifadhi katika
kutofautiana searchButton.

1440
01:08:56,279 --> 01:09:00,651
Na sasa tunaweza kweli matumizi ya kwamba kipengele
na mabadiliko hayo, au kupata maadili yake,

1441
01:09:00,651 --> 01:09:01,359
mambo kama hayo.

1442
01:09:01,359 --> 01:09:04,649
Tunaweza kweli kuanza
kujihusisha na mtandao.

1443
01:09:04,649 --> 01:09:10,330
>> Hivyo hapa nasema, sawa, sasa kwamba nina
kuwa kifungo, wakati ni clicked,

1444
01:09:10,330 --> 01:09:12,859
piga kazi hii bila majina.

1445
01:09:12,859 --> 01:09:16,811
Hivyo hii ni mahali ambapo bila majina
kazi kuwa na manufaa.

1446
01:09:16,811 --> 01:09:18,060
Na je kazi nini?

1447
01:09:18,060 --> 01:09:20,529
Naam, ni tu wito huu
kazi macho na inasema,

1448
01:09:20,529 --> 01:09:22,910
wewe clicked Search kifungo.

1449
01:09:22,910 --> 01:09:29,670
>> Hivyo nini kitatokea kama mimi kwenda popote
HTML huu anaishi na mimi bonyeza kifungo,

1450
01:09:29,670 --> 01:09:33,729
Mimi itabidi kupata tahadhari dhana kidogo
kwamba anasema wewe clicked kifungo.

1451
01:09:33,729 --> 01:09:40,710
Hivyo mambo kwa kuzingatia
here-- document.getElementByID

1452
01:09:40,710 --> 01:09:44,960
anapata HTML fulani
kipengele na kitambulisho huo.

1453
01:09:44,960 --> 01:09:48,529
Na sasa tunaweza kuweka
kile lazima kutokea wakati

1454
01:09:48,529 --> 01:09:50,702
kwamba kipengele fulani ni clicked.

1455
01:09:50,702 --> 01:09:52,670
>> Watazamaji: Tuna kuweka yote ya kwamba katika?

1456
01:09:52,670 --> 01:09:53,162
>> HANNAH BLUMBERG: Sorry?

1457
01:09:53,162 --> 01:09:55,130
>> Watazamaji: Je, tuna
kanuni kimwili yote hayo?

1458
01:09:55,130 --> 01:09:56,340
>> HANNAH BLUMBERG: Je, tuna
kanuni kimwili yote hayo?

1459
01:09:56,340 --> 01:09:56,839
Ndiyo.

1460
01:09:56,839 --> 01:09:58,120
Si aina hii ya annoying?

1461
01:09:58,120 --> 01:10:00,032
Hii ni mengi ya kificho.

1462
01:10:00,032 --> 01:10:01,574
>> Watazamaji: Unaweza kuagiza kitu fulani.

1463
01:10:01,574 --> 01:10:02,532
HANNAH BLUMBERG: Haki.

1464
01:10:02,532 --> 01:10:03,610
Tunaweza kutumia kitu fulani.

1465
01:10:03,610 --> 01:10:08,140
Na katika particular-- loo, ni
kuniambia nina kufundisha sehemu.

1466
01:10:08,140 --> 01:10:11,061
Hasa, hebu
kutumia maktaba jQuery,

1467
01:10:11,061 --> 01:10:13,060
kwa sababu hiyo ilikuwa kweli
muda mrefu na kweli annoying

1468
01:10:13,060 --> 01:10:16,860
na mimi nataka kuwa na uwezo wa kurahisisha hilo
na kufanya hivyo mfupi na rahisi kuandika.

1469
01:10:16,860 --> 01:10:19,810
>> Hivyo jQuery ni maktaba JavaScript.

1470
01:10:19,810 --> 01:10:24,930
Hivyo JavaScript ni programu
lugha; jQuery ni maktaba.

1471
01:10:24,930 --> 01:10:27,190
Na inafanya rundo la vitu rahisi zaidi.

1472
01:10:27,190 --> 01:10:33,230
Inafanya kubadilisha na kwenda katika
kiasi HTML hati rahisi zaidi.

1473
01:10:33,230 --> 01:10:35,030
>> Inafanya utunzaji matukio rahisi zaidi.

1474
01:10:35,030 --> 01:10:37,580
Inafanya uhuishaji rahisi
na inafanya Ajax rahisi zaidi.

1475
01:10:37,580 --> 01:10:40,140
Basi hebu kuruka ndani wawili wa
mambo hayo hivi sasa.

1476
01:10:40,140 --> 01:10:40,900
Samahani.

1477
01:10:40,900 --> 01:10:42,620
Kabla ya kufanya, baadhi syntax ya msingi.

1478
01:10:42,620 --> 01:10:46,870
>> Hii ni nini zaidi wito kwa
maktaba jQuery kuangalia kama.

1479
01:10:46,870 --> 01:10:50,520
Sisi kutumia dola hii sign--
hakuna dalili uhusiano na PHP,

1480
01:10:50,520 --> 01:10:56,030
tu inconvenient-- jina la
selector, dot, na kisha hatua.

1481
01:10:56,030 --> 01:10:58,860
Basi hebu angalia baadhi
mifano halisi ya jambo hilo.

1482
01:10:58,860 --> 01:11:02,980
>> Hivyo hii kweli ni sawa
kificho kutokana na tukio slide.

1483
01:11:02,980 --> 01:11:08,740
Hivyo hii kwa muda mrefu, mbaya kitu inakuwa
hii nicer, ndogo jambo.

1484
01:11:08,740 --> 01:11:10,370
Basi hebu jaribu kuvunja hii chini.

1485
01:11:10,370 --> 01:11:17,090
Hii inasema, sawa, jQuery-- dola hii
sign-- jQuery, kupata mimi dirisha.

1486
01:11:17,090 --> 01:11:18,480
Hivyo hiyo ni selector.

1487
01:11:18,480 --> 01:11:21,800
>> Wakati ni mizigo, piga kazi hii.

1488
01:11:21,800 --> 01:11:23,880
Hivyo hiyo ni kila kitu ndani.

1489
01:11:23,880 --> 01:11:24,380
SAWA.

1490
01:11:24,380 --> 01:11:25,740
Hadi sasa, hivyo nzuri?

1491
01:11:25,740 --> 01:11:26,750
Sawa.

1492
01:11:26,750 --> 01:11:32,970
>> Sasa, jQuery, kupata mimi
Jambo na kitambulisho search_button.

1493
01:11:32,970 --> 01:11:36,090
Na nini ni clicked,
piga kazi hii.

1494
01:11:36,090 --> 01:11:37,900
Na kisha hii kazi ya
sawa.

1495
01:11:37,900 --> 01:11:41,052
Tu kufanya kidogo ya tahadhari,
wewe clicked Search kifungo.

1496
01:11:41,052 --> 01:11:42,650
>> Hivyo ni kweli ni nzuri.

1497
01:11:42,650 --> 01:11:46,260
Ni kweli unabadilika na
simplifies kanuni zetu.

1498
01:11:46,260 --> 01:11:49,030
Jinsi gani mimi kujua kwamba
ni ID search_button

1499
01:11:49,030 --> 01:11:50,960
na si kama darasa search_button?

1500
01:11:50,960 --> 01:11:52,024
>> Watazamaji: Hashtag?

1501
01:11:52,024 --> 01:11:52,940
HANNAH BLUMBERG: Naam.

1502
01:11:52,940 --> 01:11:56,450
Alama hii hash, ni tu kama CSS.

1503
01:11:56,450 --> 01:12:00,080
Basi kumbuka, na CSS, wakati sisi
alitaka kuchagua kitu na kitambulisho,

1504
01:12:00,080 --> 01:12:01,590
tulikuwa chupa ishara.

1505
01:12:01,590 --> 01:12:05,400
Na wakati sisi alitaka kuchagua
kitu na darasa, sisi kutumia dot.

1506
01:12:05,400 --> 01:12:06,870
Kubwa.

1507
01:12:06,870 --> 01:12:08,230
Mantiki?

1508
01:12:08,230 --> 01:12:11,500
Hivyo jQuery zinatakiwa
tu kufanya maisha yetu rahisi.

1509
01:12:11,500 --> 01:12:12,000
Naam.

1510
01:12:12,000 --> 01:12:15,660
>> Watazamaji: Hivyo mimi nina kuchanganyikiwa kidogo kama
kwa jinsi kazi bila majina kazi.

1511
01:12:15,660 --> 01:12:19,027
Je, wewe jina anonymouse hii
kazi, kazi?

1512
01:12:19,027 --> 01:12:20,594
Jinsi ni wito?

1513
01:12:20,594 --> 01:12:21,510
HANNAH BLUMBERG: Ni kweli.

1514
01:12:21,510 --> 01:12:25,812
Hivyo kazi ni tu Keyword kwamba
anasema, mimi nina kuhusu kufafanua kazi.

1515
01:12:25,812 --> 01:12:26,520
Watazamaji: Oh, Sawa.

1516
01:12:26,520 --> 01:12:27,353
HANNAH BLUMBERG: OK?

1517
01:12:27,353 --> 01:12:32,120
Na kisha sisi kupita kama
Hoja to-- hebu kuchukua

1518
01:12:32,120 --> 01:12:37,040
one-- hii ndani ya click kazi.

1519
01:12:37,040 --> 01:12:39,420
Hivyo yeah, hivyo kazi hiyo,
kazi hii bila majina,

1520
01:12:39,420 --> 01:12:40,910
inakuwa hoja halisi.

1521
01:12:40,910 --> 01:12:43,632
Basi kumbuka katika JavaScript, sisi
unaweza kutibu kazi kama maadili.

1522
01:12:43,632 --> 01:12:44,340
Watazamaji: Oh, Sawa.

1523
01:12:44,340 --> 01:12:45,256
HANNAH BLUMBERG: Naam.

1524
01:12:45,256 --> 01:12:46,035
Mimi kama kwamba "loo."

1525
01:12:46,035 --> 01:12:47,490
Nzuri.

1526
01:12:47,490 --> 01:12:49,915
Maswali mengine?

1527
01:12:49,915 --> 01:12:50,505
Muda?

1528
01:12:50,505 --> 01:12:51,380
MARIA ZLATKOVA: Good.

1529
01:12:51,380 --> 01:12:52,760
Nzuri.

1530
01:12:52,760 --> 01:12:54,210
>> HANNAH BLUMBERG: Ajabu.

1531
01:12:54,210 --> 01:12:55,720
Baadhi ya haraka na manufaa jQuery.

1532
01:12:55,720 --> 01:12:57,559
Mimi si kwenda
kupitia yote haya.

1533
01:12:57,559 --> 01:12:59,350
Slides hizi itakuwa
up online kidogo

1534
01:12:59,350 --> 01:13:02,040
baadaye, hivyo unaweza kuangalia
nje kidogo ya baadaye.

1535
01:13:02,040 --> 01:13:07,120
Lakini kimsingi, kwa ujumla
mfano ana ambapo tunasema,

1536
01:13:07,120 --> 01:13:11,510
OK, hey, jQuery, hapa ni yangu
selector na kisha hapa ni utekelezaji.

1537
01:13:11,510 --> 01:13:15,940
Na unaweza kufanya mambo kama upatikanaji
thamani ya fomu, kupata baadhi HTML,

1538
01:13:15,940 --> 01:13:19,195
kudhibiti kile kinachotokea wakati mtumiaji
elekeza fomu, mambo kama hayo.

1539
01:13:19,195 --> 01:13:20,106
Ndiyo.

1540
01:13:20,106 --> 01:13:22,090
>> Watazamaji: Hivyo katika
mtihani, sisi ni kwenda haja

1541
01:13:22,090 --> 01:13:25,066
kujua mengi kabisa kutoka
jQuery nyaraka.

1542
01:13:25,066 --> 01:13:31,018
Hivyo kutokana na kwamba sisi nakala / kuweka jQuery
nyaraka na kudanganya karatasi yetu,

1543
01:13:31,018 --> 01:13:32,506
ambapo ni mstari inayotolewa?

1544
01:13:32,506 --> 01:13:33,957
Kama wangapi tunahitaji kujua?

1545
01:13:33,957 --> 01:13:35,290
HANNAH BLUMBERG: Mkuu swali.

1546
01:13:35,290 --> 01:13:37,765
Swali ni
kimsingi kutokana na kwamba wewe

1547
01:13:37,765 --> 01:13:41,330
hawawezi kupata nyaraka jQuery
wakati wa mtihani, ni kiasi gani lazima wewe

1548
01:13:41,330 --> 01:13:41,830
kujua?

1549
01:13:41,830 --> 01:13:45,540
Sisi bila kutarajia wewe kuja
na baadhi ya kazi random

1550
01:13:45,540 --> 01:13:47,240
kwamba tunataka wanatarajia Google.

1551
01:13:47,240 --> 01:13:52,930
>> Mambo ambayo ni haki mchezo ni napenda
kusema tu aina ya syntax ujumla,

1552
01:13:52,930 --> 01:13:58,310
kuwa na uwezo wa kuchagua na ID na
na class-- hivyo tu kama CSS.

1553
01:13:58,310 --> 01:14:01,876
Na kisha kazi halisi
themself, tutaweza uwezekano kukuambia.

1554
01:14:01,876 --> 01:14:02,376
Naam.

1555
01:14:02,376 --> 01:14:05,591
>> Watazamaji: Hivyo wakati wewe kuchagua
na darasa itakuwa na maana nukta.

1556
01:14:05,591 --> 01:14:06,840
HANNAH BLUMBERG: Ndiyo, hasa.

1557
01:14:06,840 --> 01:14:07,340
Nzuri.

1558
01:14:07,340 --> 01:14:10,461
Wakati kuchagua na darasa, ni kwenda
kuwa dot badala ya chupa ishara.

1559
01:14:10,461 --> 01:14:10,960
Ndiyo.

1560
01:14:10,960 --> 01:14:12,710
>> Watazamaji: Je, wewe
kwenda juu tofauti

1561
01:14:12,710 --> 01:14:14,310
kati ya kuchagua na ID na kwa tabaka la?

1562
01:14:14,310 --> 01:14:14,560
>> HANNAH BLUMBERG: Ni kweli.

1563
01:14:14,560 --> 01:14:17,510
Tofauti kati ya kuchagua
ID na kuchagua na darasa.

1564
01:14:17,510 --> 01:14:20,685
Hivyo kama Maria alisema
kidogo mapema, kuna

1565
01:14:20,685 --> 01:14:26,280
inaweza tu kuwa moja HTML kipengele
pamoja ID kupewa, ambapo darasani,

1566
01:14:26,280 --> 01:14:29,740
inaruhusu sisi kundi kundi
mambo ya tofauti pamoja,

1567
01:14:29,740 --> 01:14:34,300
hivyo mambo ambayo ni kuhusiana,
lakini si sawa.

1568
01:14:34,300 --> 01:14:35,685
Je, hiyo kujibu swali?

1569
01:14:35,685 --> 01:14:36,200
Kutisha.

1570
01:14:36,200 --> 01:14:37,194
Ndiyo.

1571
01:14:37,194 --> 01:14:40,680
>> Watazamaji: Je, kama una nyingi
mambo ambayo ni katika darasa moja?

1572
01:14:40,680 --> 01:14:42,150
>> HANNAH BLUMBERG: Nini kinatokea
kama una mambo mbalimbali kwamba

1573
01:14:42,150 --> 01:14:43,280
ni darasa moja?

1574
01:14:43,280 --> 01:14:45,829
Hivyo, kwa mfano, kama sisi ni
kutumia safi tu JavaScript,

1575
01:14:45,829 --> 01:14:48,120
tunataka kufanya kitu kama
document.getElementsByClass.

1576
01:14:48,120 --> 01:14:52,280

1577
01:14:52,280 --> 01:14:56,320
Na kisha nini kwamba kweli haina
ni faida safu ya vipengele.

1578
01:14:56,320 --> 01:14:59,517
>> Na una ama iterate juu ya
yao au kupata ambayo moja unataka.

1579
01:14:59,517 --> 01:15:01,350
Ni si kwenda kutoa
wewe kipengele moja.

1580
01:15:01,350 --> 01:15:03,450
Ni kwenda kukupa
safu ya vipengele.

1581
01:15:03,450 --> 01:15:05,280
Mkuu swali.

1582
01:15:05,280 --> 01:15:07,700
Kitu kingine?

1583
01:15:07,700 --> 01:15:09,520
Kutisha.

1584
01:15:09,520 --> 01:15:12,860
>> Hivyo nadhani kama wewe ni ukoo na
yoyote jQuery wewe aliona katika pset,

1585
01:15:12,860 --> 01:15:15,600
unapaswa kuwa vizuri kwenda.

1586
01:15:15,600 --> 01:15:16,325
Swali?

1587
01:15:16,325 --> 01:15:17,610
Oh, hakuna.

1588
01:15:17,610 --> 01:15:18,859
Mimi kwa kweli kuwa na kufundisha.

1589
01:15:18,859 --> 01:15:19,358
Kupumzika.

1590
01:15:19,358 --> 01:15:20,035
Ni utakuwa faini.

1591
01:15:20,035 --> 01:15:20,660
Mimi itabidi kupata huko.

1592
01:15:20,660 --> 01:15:24,670

1593
01:15:24,670 --> 01:15:26,870
>> Hebu majadiliano juu ya Ajax.

1594
01:15:26,870 --> 01:15:31,350
Hivyo Ajax ni kwenda kuwa a-- vizuri,
hebu kuanza na kile anasimama kwa.

1595
01:15:31,350 --> 01:15:32,350
Ni kifupi.

1596
01:15:32,350 --> 01:15:35,855
Ni anasimama kwa Asynchronous
JavaScript na XML.

1597
01:15:35,855 --> 01:15:39,800
Na XML ni kimsingi ni kwenda kuwa
[Inaudible] kwa aina ya takwimu zetu.

1598
01:15:39,800 --> 01:15:42,100
Lakini sisi si kweli kutumika XML.

1599
01:15:42,100 --> 01:15:43,430
Badala yake, sisi tu kutumia JSON.

1600
01:15:43,430 --> 01:15:48,350
>> Hivyo kimsingi, ni baadhi data--
Asynchronous, JavaScript, na data,

1601
01:15:48,350 --> 01:15:50,040
katika kesi hiyo, JSON.

1602
01:15:50,040 --> 01:15:52,820
Na lengo letu, kama sisi zilizotajwa
kidogo mapema,

1603
01:15:52,820 --> 01:15:56,880
ni kuwa na uwezo wa kufanya
ombi, kuwa ombi hilo kufanya

1604
01:15:56,880 --> 01:16:00,700
Jambo wake katika
nyuma, lakini kuendelea

1605
01:16:00,700 --> 01:16:02,550
kufanya lolote tulikuwa na madhumuni ya kufanya.

1606
01:16:02,550 --> 01:16:06,650
Na kisha wakati habari ambazo ni
tayari, basi tutaweza kuingiza.

1607
01:16:06,650 --> 01:16:08,470
>> Basi hebu angalia nini hii
kweli inaonekana kama.

1608
01:16:08,470 --> 01:16:11,210
Na hii, unapaswa kuwa
kidogo ukoo

1609
01:16:11,210 --> 01:16:13,680
kutoka pset8, moja tu akageuka katika.

1610
01:16:13,680 --> 01:16:16,200
Hivyo hapa ni jQuery halali
kazi ili tupate

1611
01:16:16,200 --> 01:16:18,250
wanataka kujua about-- ishara hii dola.

1612
01:16:18,250 --> 01:16:21,500
Hivyo anasema jQuery kazi, .getJson.

1613
01:16:21,500 --> 01:16:25,020
>> Na nini kazi hii haina ni
inachukua URL na baadhi parameters--

1614
01:16:25,020 --> 01:16:28,000
hivyo nadhani katika kesi
ya pset8, ilikuwa ni kama,

1615
01:16:28,000 --> 01:16:33,520
URL ilikuwa articles.php na
vigezo alikuwa kwenda = baadhi ya kanuni za posta.

1616
01:16:33,520 --> 01:16:41,580
Na inasema, sawa, kufanya ombi kwa
URL hii na vigezo fulani.

1617
01:16:41,580 --> 01:16:43,480
Na kwamba hutokea tu.

1618
01:16:43,480 --> 01:16:47,730
>> Wakati kukamilisha kufanya, ni ama
kwenda kwa mafanikio kamili

1619
01:16:47,730 --> 01:16:49,370
au ni kwenda kushindwa.

1620
01:16:49,370 --> 01:16:53,480
Hivyo hii ni sawa na wito
Rob na kumuuliza kufanya kitu fulani.

1621
01:16:53,480 --> 01:17:00,260
Na kisha wakati yeye wito nyuma, yeye ni ama
kwenda kusema mimi nina kufanyika au nilishindwa.

1622
01:17:00,260 --> 01:17:04,030
>> Hivyo katika kesi ambapo uko
kufanyika, unaweza kusema, OK, mimi nina kufanyika.

1623
01:17:04,030 --> 01:17:05,980
Na kisha wewe piga kazi hii.

1624
01:17:05,980 --> 01:17:08,915
Katika kesi hiyo, ni kwenda kuwa
kazi ambayo inachukua baadhi ya habari.

1625
01:17:08,915 --> 01:17:12,890
Moja sisi kwa kawaida huduma ya juu ni data,
data kwamba tulikuwa kweli akarudi

1626
01:17:12,890 --> 01:17:15,900
kutokana na wito .getJSON.

1627
01:17:15,900 --> 01:17:17,470
>> Na unaweza kufanya kitu kwa hayo.

1628
01:17:17,470 --> 01:17:23,670
Hivyo katika kesi ya pset8,
sisi kuonyeshwa kama orodha.

1629
01:17:23,670 --> 01:17:29,050
Tahadhari ni kwenda kuwa kazi
kiitwacho kama ombi inashindwa

1630
01:17:29,050 --> 01:17:30,450
kwa sababu yoyote.

1631
01:17:30,450 --> 01:17:35,104
Na katika kesi ya pset8,
sisi tu console.log yake.

1632
01:17:35,104 --> 01:17:36,020
Maswali yoyote juu ya hilo?

1633
01:17:36,020 --> 01:17:36,300
Naam.

1634
01:17:36,300 --> 01:17:39,633
>> Watazamaji: Je, sisi tu kutumia kazi theta
badala ya kazi, textStatus, jqHXR.

1635
01:17:39,633 --> 01:17:43,464

1636
01:17:43,464 --> 01:17:44,380
HANNAH BLUMBERG: Ni kweli.

1637
01:17:44,380 --> 01:17:46,713
Hivyo yeah, nadhani katika pset,
sisi tu kuona kazi data.

1638
01:17:46,713 --> 01:17:48,700
Hivyo ni the-- tu ndiyo, sawa.

1639
01:17:48,700 --> 01:17:50,510
Hiyo ni nini tuliona katika pset.

1640
01:17:50,510 --> 01:17:51,480
Hiyo ni kabisa faini.

1641
01:17:51,480 --> 01:17:54,210
>> Hizi ni baadhi tu kama alitaka
kujiondoa habari zaidi,

1642
01:17:54,210 --> 01:17:57,190
haya ni mambo ambayo
unaweza kupata kutoka .getJSON.

1643
01:17:57,190 --> 01:17:59,040
Nzuri swali.

1644
01:17:59,040 --> 01:17:59,706
Kitu kingine?

1645
01:17:59,706 --> 01:18:00,206
Naam.

1646
01:18:00,206 --> 01:18:01,787
>> Watazamaji: Hivyo .getJSON ni Ajax?

1647
01:18:01,787 --> 01:18:02,620
HANNAH BLUMBERG: Sawa.

1648
01:18:02,620 --> 01:18:05,700
Hivyo hii ni aina ya gumu sehemu.

1649
01:18:05,700 --> 01:18:12,390
Ni kazi jQuery ambayo inaruhusu
ufanye wito Asynchronous.

1650
01:18:12,390 --> 01:18:16,080
Na simu hizo Asynchronous, hiyo ni
nini tumekuwa akimaanisha kama Ajax.

1651
01:18:16,080 --> 01:18:16,850
Naam.

1652
01:18:16,850 --> 01:18:20,185
Kwamba alichukua yangu kweli kwa muda mrefu kwa
kuvuta mbali nilipokuwa mwanafunzi.

1653
01:18:20,185 --> 01:18:21,560
Watazamaji: Je, unaweza kusema kwamba tena?

1654
01:18:21,560 --> 01:18:22,476
HANNAH BLUMBERG: Naam.

1655
01:18:22,476 --> 01:18:23,630
Naweza kusema kwamba tena?

1656
01:18:23,630 --> 01:18:29,010
Hii kazi .getJSON,
ni kazi jQuery.

1657
01:18:29,010 --> 01:18:31,970
Na itakuja kufanya
wito Asynchronous.

1658
01:18:31,970 --> 01:18:35,700
Na simu hizi Asynchronous, tumekuwa
wamekuwa akimaanisha wale kama Ajax.

1659
01:18:35,700 --> 01:18:39,610

1660
01:18:39,610 --> 01:18:41,872
>> Yoyote maswali mengine?

1661
01:18:41,872 --> 01:18:43,330
Tuna tu dakika kadhaa wa kushoto.

1662
01:18:43,330 --> 01:18:45,080
Na Maria kwenda
kufuta na usalama

1663
01:18:45,080 --> 01:18:47,464
na kisha tunakwenda
kuwa tu kuhusu kosa.

1664
01:18:47,464 --> 01:18:48,630
MARIA ZLATKOVA: Ajabu, sawa.

1665
01:18:48,630 --> 01:18:54,030
Hivyo hii is-- tu kuchukua michache
hilo la sekunde ya kuangalia juu ya hili.

1666
01:18:54,030 --> 01:18:56,750
Na hii si kitu kubwa kweli kweli.

1667
01:18:56,750 --> 01:18:59,430
Na unaweza mtu kuniambia kwa nini?

1668
01:18:59,430 --> 01:19:05,650
Ni nini kinachoendelea katika foo na inaweza naweza
uwezekano wa kusababisha jambo baya,

1669
01:19:05,650 --> 01:19:06,770
na kile kwamba wito?

1670
01:19:06,770 --> 01:19:07,270
Naam.

1671
01:19:07,270 --> 01:19:10,391
Watazamaji: Kama hoja hiyo ni
kupita katika ni wahusika zaidi ya 12,

1672
01:19:10,391 --> 01:19:11,454
inaweza kufurika.

1673
01:19:11,454 --> 01:19:12,370
MARIA ZLATKOVA: Haki.

1674
01:19:12,370 --> 01:19:14,180
Kamilifu.

1675
01:19:14,180 --> 01:19:15,384
Je, ni kwa aitwaye?

1676
01:19:15,384 --> 01:19:16,300
Wewe tu zilizotajwa yake.

1677
01:19:16,300 --> 01:19:16,840
>> Watazamaji: Buffer kufurika.

1678
01:19:16,840 --> 01:19:18,381
>> MARIA ZLATKOVA: Yup, buffer kufurika.

1679
01:19:18,381 --> 01:19:21,230
Hivyo hii ni kitu ambacho sisi
rejea kama buffer kufurika.

1680
01:19:21,230 --> 01:19:25,500
Na tunaona kwamba ndani ya foo,
tumekuwa defined buffer yetu, c,

1681
01:19:25,500 --> 01:19:27,240
na ukubwa wa 12.

1682
01:19:27,240 --> 01:19:32,680
Hata hivyo, katika kuu, hatufanyi
kuangalia kwa njia yoyote wakati wote

1683
01:19:32,680 --> 01:19:36,480
iwapo argv1-- ili
hizo ndizo hoja ya pili.

1684
01:19:36,480 --> 01:19:39,630
Hatuna kuangalia kama
ukubwa wa ni sahihi.

1685
01:19:39,630 --> 01:19:43,380
>> Hivyo kama tulikuwa na
user hasa kwa makusudi

1686
01:19:43,380 --> 01:19:47,170
wanaoweka katika baadhi hoja kuwa alikuwa
muda mrefu zaidi ya 12, na kisha uwezekano

1687
01:19:47,170 --> 01:19:50,850
mipaka ya kwamba
hoja, alikuwa na baadhi kificho kutekelezwa

1688
01:19:50,850 --> 01:19:55,570
kwamba alikuwa anajaribu kufanya kitu mbaya
nayo; basi hii, nini kitatokea,

1689
01:19:55,570 --> 01:19:59,310
ingekuwa kupuuza kurudi
pepe ya foo kazi,

1690
01:19:59,310 --> 01:20:04,370
kusababisha kazi kwa wakati
kurudi kutekeleza kwamba kanuni.

1691
01:20:04,370 --> 01:20:07,540
Na kisha mambo mabaya inaweza kutokea.

1692
01:20:07,540 --> 01:20:09,850
Je, hii maana kufanya kila mtu?

1693
01:20:09,850 --> 01:20:12,424
>> Na tunawezaje kujikinga na hili?

1694
01:20:12,424 --> 01:20:13,090
Mapendekezo yoyote?

1695
01:20:13,090 --> 01:20:16,480

1696
01:20:16,480 --> 01:20:21,890
Kimsingi, ndani ya
uwezekano wa foo, jinsi

1697
01:20:21,890 --> 01:20:28,294
Tunaweza kuangalia kuhakikisha
kuwa kwamba haiwezi kutokea?

1698
01:20:28,294 --> 01:20:33,879
>> Watazamaji: Kama kawaida 12 ni ulizidi,
ungependa kutenga kumbukumbu za ziada?

1699
01:20:33,879 --> 01:20:37,170
MARIA ZLATKOVA: Pendekezo ni, kutenga
kumbukumbu ya ziada ya ukubwa ilizidi.

1700
01:20:37,170 --> 01:20:39,800
Kwa kweli, tunaweza kufanya kitu a
rahisi sana kuliko kuwa vilevile.

1701
01:20:39,800 --> 01:20:44,870
Tunaweza tu kupata urefu wa kamba
ya hoja kwamba ni aliingia,

1702
01:20:44,870 --> 01:20:48,590
kuangalia kama kwamba ni chini
kuliko au sawa na 12--

1703
01:20:48,590 --> 01:20:50,790
ambayo ni nini tunataka
kuwa kwa sababu hatutaki

1704
01:20:50,790 --> 01:20:52,373
ni kuzidi mipaka ya buffer yetu.

1705
01:20:52,373 --> 01:20:55,690
Na kisha kama hana, sisi
wanaweza kufanya kazi na hoja.

1706
01:20:55,690 --> 01:21:00,296
Na kisha kama itakuwa hivyo, sisi kweli wanataka
kwa Yello uwezekano katika user.

1707
01:21:00,296 --> 01:21:01,670
Lakini hii ni jinsi gani tunataka kufanya hivyo.

1708
01:21:01,670 --> 01:21:02,443
Ndiyo.

1709
01:21:02,443 --> 01:21:04,360
>> Watazamaji: Je wewe
kueleza memcpy halisi haraka?

1710
01:21:04,360 --> 01:21:05,443
MARIA ZLATKOVA: Oh, pole.

1711
01:21:05,443 --> 01:21:06,040
Ndiyo.

1712
01:21:06,040 --> 01:21:11,290
Memcpy inachukua chochote is-- pole, sawa.

1713
01:21:11,290 --> 01:21:15,850
Memcpy inachukua vilivyomo
katika bar, chochote ni kupita

1714
01:21:15,850 --> 01:21:18,050
kwenye foo kama hoja mstari amri.

1715
01:21:18,050 --> 01:21:19,440
Hivyo ni kwenda kuchukua argv1.

1716
01:21:19,440 --> 01:21:21,420
Argv1 inaitwa bar hapa.

1717
01:21:21,420 --> 01:21:24,453
Hivyo ni kwenda kuchukua bar na
itakuja nakala yake ndani ya c.

1718
01:21:24,453 --> 01:21:25,402
>> Watazamaji: Sawa.

1719
01:21:25,402 --> 01:21:28,360
MARIA ZLATKOVA: Na itakuja
copy-- Hoja ya tatu tu inahusu

1720
01:21:28,360 --> 01:21:30,601
kwa kiasi gani ni kwenda nakala katika c.

1721
01:21:30,601 --> 01:21:31,142
Watazamaji: Ah.

1722
01:21:31,142 --> 01:21:33,030
Hivyo hii moja ya kuiga wote wa basi.

1723
01:21:33,030 --> 01:21:34,310
>> MARIA ZLATKOVA: Yeah,
ni kuiga yote.

1724
01:21:34,310 --> 01:21:34,810
Yep.

1725
01:21:34,810 --> 01:21:38,400

1726
01:21:38,400 --> 01:21:41,910
Kwanza, sisi kuhakikisha bar si
sawa kwa null sababu ni pointer.

1727
01:21:41,910 --> 01:21:44,680
Kisha sisi kupata urefu wa kamba bar.

1728
01:21:44,680 --> 01:21:47,530
Sisi kuhakikisha kwamba ni
chini ya au sawa hadi 12.

1729
01:21:47,530 --> 01:21:50,070
Na kisha kwa sababu tumekuwa
alihakikisha, tunaweza kweli

1730
01:21:50,070 --> 01:21:53,122
memcpy na kuwa na uhakika kwamba hiyo ni sawa.

1731
01:21:53,122 --> 01:21:53,705
Maswali yoyote?

1732
01:21:53,705 --> 01:21:56,280

1733
01:21:56,280 --> 01:21:58,690
Kubwa.

1734
01:21:58,690 --> 01:22:00,400
Nina maswali mawili kweli au uongo.

1735
01:22:00,400 --> 01:22:05,470
Yeyote anaweza kuniambia mara moja
kama hizi ni kweli au uongo?

1736
01:22:05,470 --> 01:22:07,460
Ndiyo, ni uongo.

1737
01:22:07,460 --> 01:22:07,960
Hasa.

1738
01:22:07,960 --> 01:22:09,330
Wote wawili ni uongo.

1739
01:22:09,330 --> 01:22:12,682
Hivyo kwa kutumia password moja
ni wazo nzuri kwa kweli kamwe

1740
01:22:12,682 --> 01:22:14,890
kwa sababu kama mtu anajua
password yako, wanaweza tu

1741
01:22:14,890 --> 01:22:16,260
kupata akaunti yako mengine yote.

1742
01:22:16,260 --> 01:22:19,260
Na kisha icons kufanya lolote
kuhakikisha usalama.

1743
01:22:19,260 --> 01:22:24,900
Tunapaswa kawaida kuangalia kwa HTTPS
badala ya HTTP na URL.

1744
01:22:24,900 --> 01:22:28,560
>> Na aina nyingine ya
mashambulizi kwamba tumekuwa zilizotajwa,

1745
01:22:28,560 --> 01:22:31,390
Daudi ametaja katika
hotuba, mashambulizi SQL sindano.

1746
01:22:31,390 --> 01:22:37,310
Sisi tayari kuona kwamba kama sisi do not
CS50 swala kazi anahakikisha kuwa SQL

1747
01:22:37,310 --> 01:22:39,530
mashambulizi sindano haiwezi kutokea.

1748
01:22:39,530 --> 01:22:42,640
Lakini kama sisi si kutumia CS50,
quote, unquote "katika swala,"

1749
01:22:42,640 --> 01:22:46,830
tunataka kuwa ili kuhakikisha kuwa
pembejeo mtumiaji si kweli baadhi SQL

1750
01:22:46,830 --> 01:22:49,670
swala ambayo kusababisha zote
meza yetu kuwa imeshuka

1751
01:22:49,670 --> 01:22:54,070
au kitu mbaya kwa
kutokea kwa database yetu.

1752
01:22:54,070 --> 01:22:56,790
>> Kikao cha utekaji nyara ni
aina nyingine ya shambulio

1753
01:22:56,790 --> 01:23:05,940
kwamba kinachotokea wakati baadhi mbaya
mtu anatumia kikao baadhi mhasiriwa

1754
01:23:05,940 --> 01:23:08,740
ID ya kupata habari kuingia.

1755
01:23:08,740 --> 01:23:13,620
Hivyo mfano yasiyo na maana sana ya kwamba ni
kama kama tuna kompyuta ya umma,

1756
01:23:13,620 --> 01:23:21,120
kisha mtu mbaya magogo katika na kisha
wana kuki kwamba ni kuokolewa.

1757
01:23:21,120 --> 01:23:23,380
Na kuki wala mabadiliko kwa kikao.

1758
01:23:23,380 --> 01:23:27,620
>> Kisha sisi kuwa muathirika kwenda katika
na kisha kuingia katika tovuti.

1759
01:23:27,620 --> 01:23:30,290
Kuki wala mabadiliko
kwa ajili ya kikao fulani.

1760
01:23:30,290 --> 01:23:33,060
Na kisha muathirika magogo katika
tovuti na kisha majani.

1761
01:23:33,060 --> 01:23:36,190
Na kisha mtu ambaye huenda nyuma
Basi unaweza bado kutumia ID yao kikao

1762
01:23:36,190 --> 01:23:37,430
kupata taarifa zao.

1763
01:23:37,430 --> 01:23:40,050
Hivyo hiyo ni mfano mmoja wa
jinsi ambayo inaweza kutokea.

1764
01:23:40,050 --> 01:23:45,570
>> Na kisha napenda wasiwasi sana
kuhusu kificho maalum au chochote

1765
01:23:45,570 --> 01:23:49,270
kama kwamba ambayo inaweza kusababisha hii,
lakini kuwa na aina fulani ya wazo nini

1766
01:23:49,270 --> 01:23:51,400
vigezo kushiriki katika hii ni.

1767
01:23:51,400 --> 01:23:53,897
Na kisha kufanyia kichwa
data ni aina nyingine ya shambulio

1768
01:23:53,897 --> 01:23:55,230
ambayo ina Daudi kuongelea.

1769
01:23:55,230 --> 01:23:59,730
Na ni haki inahusu
nini kinaweza kutokea wakati

1770
01:23:59,730 --> 01:24:04,300
majibu, HTTP
majibu ndani ya kichwa yetu

1771
01:24:04,300 --> 01:24:05,720
si sanitized vizuri.

1772
01:24:05,720 --> 01:24:14,340
>> Na yeyote kati fields-- kwa mfano,
kama mtu overwrites moja ya kichwa

1773
01:24:14,340 --> 01:24:18,860
maadili vyenye chochote zaidi ya
nini wanapaswa contain-- na kwa kweli

1774
01:24:18,860 --> 01:24:22,720
vyenye Kwa mfano, 200
OK hali kificho, basi wao

1775
01:24:22,720 --> 01:24:26,890
inaweza uwezekano wa kufanya kwa makusudi
mambo wakati wao ni hawatakiwi.

1776
01:24:26,890 --> 01:24:30,815
Lakini napenda kuwa na wasiwasi sana
mengi kuhusu kificho maalum

1777
01:24:30,815 --> 01:24:34,110
ambayo inaweza kusababisha hii,
tu aina ya uelewa

1778
01:24:34,110 --> 01:24:37,290
ngazi ya juu mambo kama hayo.

1779
01:24:37,290 --> 01:24:39,570
>> Nadhani hii yote ni
kwamba tuna ili kufidia.

1780
01:24:39,570 --> 01:24:40,090
Ajabu.

1781
01:24:40,090 --> 01:24:43,310
Mtu yeyote una maswali yoyote juu ya yoyote
ya mambo ambayo sisi kufunikwa?

1782
01:24:43,310 --> 01:24:44,213
Ndiyo.

1783
01:24:44,213 --> 01:24:48,077
>> Watazamaji: Hivyo aina moja ya
zaidi vifaa swali.

1784
01:24:48,077 --> 01:24:53,400
Ni bidhaa hasa ililenga
juu ya mambo baada ya jaribio 1?

1785
01:24:53,400 --> 01:24:55,730
>> MARIA ZLATKOVA: Kwa hiyo
Swali ni kwamba, ni maudhui

1786
01:24:55,730 --> 01:24:59,720
mkazo zaidi juu ya mambo baada ya jaribio 1?

1787
01:24:59,720 --> 01:25:06,070
Hivyo lengo ni juu baada ya
Jaribio 1, isipokuwa

1788
01:25:06,070 --> 01:25:10,914
kuwa tunahitaji kuzingatia mambo katika
pset5 na mengi ya miundo data

1789
01:25:10,914 --> 01:25:11,580
kwamba sisi mifuniko.

1790
01:25:11,580 --> 01:25:14,300
Na hatuwezi kusema kwamba sisi
Unaweza kupuuza chochote kabla

1791
01:25:14,300 --> 01:25:17,120
kwamba kwa sababu hujenga juu yake pia.

1792
01:25:17,120 --> 01:25:21,845
>> Hivyo kuzingatia kwamba, pamoja na pset5 nyenzo
kama ikiwa ni pamoja na wanaohusishwa orodha, mwingi,

1793
01:25:21,845 --> 01:25:23,720
foleni, na kila kitu
Hana akaenda juu.

1794
01:25:23,720 --> 01:25:24,050
>> HANNAH BLUMBERG: Haki.

1795
01:25:24,050 --> 01:25:27,450
Naam, tulikwenda juu ya yote C mambo
mwanzoni sana kwa haraka sana.

1796
01:25:27,450 --> 01:25:29,090
Lakini kuhakikisha kufanya mapitio ya kwamba.

1797
01:25:29,090 --> 01:25:32,700
Kurudi nyuma na kuangalia jaribio 0 mapitio.

1798
01:25:32,700 --> 01:25:36,110
>> Wanandoa maelezo zaidi vifaa,
tu wakati tuna mawazo yako.

1799
01:25:36,110 --> 01:25:39,100
Sisi ni kwenda na masaa ya ofisi
wote juu ya Jumatatu na Jumanne usiku.

1800
01:25:39,100 --> 01:25:41,540
Wao wanaenda kuwa katika MD 119.

1801
01:25:41,540 --> 01:25:44,220
Hii ni yote katika tovuti, hivyo
kama huna kusikia, hakuna wasiwasi.

1802
01:25:44,220 --> 01:25:45,266
>> MARIA ZLATKOVA: 8:30-11:00.

1803
01:25:45,266 --> 01:25:46,260
>> HANNAH BLUMBERG: Yeah, 8:30-11:00.

1804
01:25:46,260 --> 01:25:46,910
Tutaweza kuwa huko.

1805
01:25:46,910 --> 01:25:48,368
Tutaweza kuwa kuna kujibu maswali.

1806
01:25:48,368 --> 01:25:49,480
Ni pretty baridi na furaha.

1807
01:25:49,480 --> 01:25:53,240
Nyie wanaweza kuuliza maswali yoyote
kwamba una juu ya jaribio 1.

1808
01:25:53,240 --> 01:25:55,740
Na jaribio 1 ni juu ya
Jumatano, hivyo bahati nzuri.

1809
01:25:55,740 --> 01:25:59,770
Kama una maswali yoyote, labda
kuja kuzungumza na sisi hapa moja kwa moja.

1810
01:25:59,770 --> 01:26:00,880
Baridi.

1811
01:26:00,880 --> 01:26:01,630
Asante sana.

1812
01:26:01,630 --> 01:26:02,880
>> MARIA ZLATKOVA: Asante sana, nyie.

1813
01:26:02,880 --> 01:26:03,480
>> Watazamaji: Yay.

1814
01:26:03,480 --> 01:26:05,930
>> [Makofi]

1815
01:26:05,930 --> 01:26:07,530