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>> [Music kucheza]

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00:00:03,388 --> 00:00:05,104

3
00:00:05,104 --> 00:00:06,020
DOUG LLOYD: zote haki.

4
00:00:06,020 --> 00:00:07,680
Kufanya kazi na moja
vigezo ni pretty furaha.

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00:00:07,680 --> 00:00:09,500
Lakini nini kama tunataka kufanya kazi
na mengi ya vigezo,

6
00:00:09,500 --> 00:00:12,760
lakini hatutaki kuwa na rundo la
majina tofauti kuruka karibu kificho zetu?

7
00:00:12,760 --> 00:00:15,980
Katika kesi hiyo, arrays ni
atakuja katika kweli Handy.

8
00:00:15,980 --> 00:00:19,510
Arrays ni data kweli za msingi
muundo wa lugha yoyote programu

9
00:00:19,510 --> 00:00:20,260
kwamba utatumia.

10
00:00:20,260 --> 00:00:24,450
Na wao ni kweli, muhimu kweli kweli,
hasa, kama tutaweza kuona, katika CS 50.

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00:00:24,450 --> 00:00:27,870
>> Sisi kutumia arrays kushikilia
maadili ya data aina moja

12
00:00:27,870 --> 00:00:29,830
katika maeneo ya kumbukumbu contiguous.

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00:00:29,830 --> 00:00:32,430
Hiyo ni kusema, ni
njia hiyo tunaweza kundi

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00:00:32,430 --> 00:00:35,430
rundo la integers pamoja katika
kumbukumbu au kundi la wahusika

15
00:00:35,430 --> 00:00:38,270
au ikifungwa katika kumbukumbu kweli
karibu pamoja na kazi

16
00:00:38,270 --> 00:00:41,930
nao bila ya kuwa na kutoa kila
moja pekee yake mwenyewe jina, ambayo inaweza

17
00:00:41,930 --> 00:00:44,500
kupata mbaya baada ya muda mfupi.

18
00:00:44,500 --> 00:00:48,130
>> Sasa, njia moja ya analogize arrays
ni kufikiri kuhusu wadhifa eneo lako

19
00:00:48,130 --> 00:00:49,000
Ofisi ya pili.

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00:00:49,000 --> 00:00:51,820
Hivyo hatua mbali na kompyuta
na tu karibu na macho yako

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00:00:51,820 --> 00:00:54,120
na taswira katika akili yako
baada ya ofisi ya eneo lako.

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00:00:54,120 --> 00:00:57,160
Kwa kawaida, katika zaidi baada
ofisi, kuna benki kubwa

23
00:00:57,160 --> 00:01:00,490
masanduku ofisi ya posta kwenye ukuta.

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00:01:00,490 --> 00:01:03,510
>> Safu ni kuzuia kubwa
ya contiguous ya kumbukumbu,

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00:01:03,510 --> 00:01:06,120
njia ile ile ambayo pepe
benki katika ofisi yako baada

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00:01:06,120 --> 00:01:11,230
ni nafasi kubwa ya
ukuta wa ofisi ya mwisho.

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00:01:11,230 --> 00:01:15,750
Arrays wamekuwa partitioned ndani ya ndogo,
identically vitalu ukubwa wa nafasi,

28
00:01:15,750 --> 00:01:19,930
kila mmoja uitwao kipengele, katika
njia ile ile ambayo ukuta wa baada

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00:01:19,930 --> 00:01:23,840
Ofisi imekuwa partitioned ndani ya ndogo,
identically vitalu ukubwa wa nafasi,

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00:01:23,840 --> 00:01:27,560
ambayo sisi kuwaita SLP.

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Kila kipengele cha safu Unaweza
kuhifadhi kiasi fulani cha data,

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tu kama kila sanduku baada ya ofisi ni uwezo
kushikilia kiasi fulani cha barua.

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>> Nini inaweza kuhifadhiwa katika kila kipengele cha
safu ni vigezo ya data huo

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aina, kama vile int au Char, tu
kama katika yako sanduku ofisi ya posta,

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00:01:45,300 --> 00:01:47,300
unaweza tu fit mambo
ya aina hiyo,

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kama vile barua au vifurushi vidogo.

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00:01:50,430 --> 00:01:55,050
Mwisho, tuweze kupata kila kipengele cha
safu moja kwa moja na ripoti idadi,

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00:01:55,050 --> 00:01:59,770
kama tunaweza kupata ofisi yetu baada
sanduku kwa kujua mailbox namba yake.

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00:01:59,770 --> 00:02:02,750
Hopefully, kwamba mfano
husaidia kupata kichwa yako

40
00:02:02,750 --> 00:02:05,540
kuzunguka wazo la arrays na
analogizing kwa kitu kingine

41
00:02:05,540 --> 00:02:08,400
kuwa wewe ni pengine
tayari ukoo na.

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00:02:08,400 --> 00:02:13,182
>> Katika C, mambo ya safu ni
indexed kuanzia 0, si kutoka 1.

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00:02:13,182 --> 00:02:14,390
Na hii ni kweli ni muhimu.

44
00:02:14,390 --> 00:02:18,530
Na kwa kweli, hii ni kwa nini sisi, katika CS 50,
na kwa nini wanasayansi wa kompyuta mara nyingi

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kuhesabu kutoka 0, ni
kwa sababu ya C ya safu

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00:02:22,150 --> 00:02:24,660
Indexing, ambayo daima kuanza saa 0.

47
00:02:24,660 --> 00:02:28,730
Hivyo kama safu lina vipengele n,
sehemu ya kwanza ya kwamba safu

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00:02:28,730 --> 00:02:32,960
iko katika index 0, na
kipengele mwisho wa safu

49
00:02:32,960 --> 00:02:36,610
iko katika ripoti n bala 1.

50
00:02:36,610 --> 00:02:43,160
Tena, kama kuna mambo n katika yetu
safu, jana ripoti ni n bala 1.

51
00:02:43,160 --> 00:02:46,820
>> Hivyo kama safu yetu ina mambo 50,
kitu cha kwanza iko katika index 0,

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00:02:46,820 --> 00:02:51,060
na kipengele mwisho
iko katika ripoti 49.

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00:02:51,060 --> 00:02:53,940
Kwa bahati mbaya, au kwa bahati nzuri,
kutegemea na mtazamo wako,

54
00:02:53,940 --> 00:02:56,170
C ni lenient sana hapa.

55
00:02:56,170 --> 00:02:59,480
Itakuwa si kuzuia kutoka
kwenda nje ya mipaka ya safu yako.

56
00:02:59,480 --> 00:03:03,080
Unaweza kupata bala
3 kipengele cha safu yako

57
00:03:03,080 --> 00:03:07,400
au kipengele 59 wa safu yako,
kama safu yako tu ina 50 vipengele.

58
00:03:07,400 --> 00:03:11,060
Itakuwa si kuacha mpango wako kutoka
kuandaa, lakini wakati huo kukimbia,

59
00:03:11,060 --> 00:03:14,350
unaweza kukutana
dreaded segmentation kosa

60
00:03:14,350 --> 00:03:17,460
kama kuanza kupata kumbukumbu
kuwa ni nje ya mipaka ya nini

61
00:03:17,460 --> 00:03:19,260
wewe aliuliza mpango wako kukupa.

62
00:03:19,260 --> 00:03:21,250
Hivyo kuwa makini.

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00:03:21,250 --> 00:03:23,120
>> Je safu
Tamko kuangalia kama?

64
00:03:23,120 --> 00:03:26,940
Je, sisi kanuni safu katika kuwepo
kama sisi kanuni kutofautiana nyingine yoyote?

65
00:03:26,940 --> 00:03:31,250
Kuna sehemu tatu kwa safu
declaration-- aina, jina,

66
00:03:31,250 --> 00:03:31,880
na ukubwa.

67
00:03:31,880 --> 00:03:34,088
Hii ni sawa na
kutofautiana tamko, ambayo

68
00:03:34,088 --> 00:03:36,970
ni tu aina na jina,
ukubwa kipengele kuwa

69
00:03:36,970 --> 00:03:39,860
kesi maalum kwa safu,
kwa sababu sisi ni kupata rundo la yao

70
00:03:39,860 --> 00:03:41,830
wakati huo huo.

71
00:03:41,830 --> 00:03:45,560
>> Hivyo ni aina ni aina gani ya kutofautiana wewe
wanataka kila kipengele cha safu kuwa.

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00:03:45,560 --> 00:03:47,150
Je, unataka kwa safu ya integers?

73
00:03:47,150 --> 00:03:49,010
Kisha, aina yako data inapaswa kuwa int.

74
00:03:49,010 --> 00:03:51,760
Je, unataka kuwa ni
safu ya mara mbili au ikifungwa?

75
00:03:51,760 --> 00:03:54,545
Takwimu aina wanapaswa kuwa mara mbili au kuelea.

76
00:03:54,545 --> 00:03:56,420
Jina ni nini
unataka simu safu yako.

77
00:03:56,420 --> 00:04:00,970
Unataka nini kwa jina kubwa hii
benki ya integers au ikifungwa au chars

78
00:04:00,970 --> 00:04:03,250
au mara mbili, au chochote na wewe?

79
00:04:03,250 --> 00:04:04,700
Je, unataka simu yake?

80
00:04:04,700 --> 00:04:06,110
Pretty maelezo binafsi.

81
00:04:06,110 --> 00:04:08,610
>> Mwisho, ukubwa, ambayo inakwenda
ndani ya mabano mraba,

82
00:04:08,610 --> 00:04:12,180
ni jinsi mambo mengi wewe ungekuwa
kama safu yako na vyenye.

83
00:04:12,180 --> 00:04:13,530
Jinsi integers wengi unataka?

84
00:04:13,530 --> 00:04:15,570
Jinsi ikifungwa nyingi unataka?

85
00:04:15,570 --> 00:04:19,070
>> Hivyo kwa mfano, int darasa mwanafunzi 40.

86
00:04:19,070 --> 00:04:26,020
Hii inatangaza safu kuitwa Mwanafunzi
darasa, ambalo lina 40 integers.

87
00:04:26,020 --> 00:04:28,180
Pretty maelezo binafsi, mimi matumaini.

88
00:04:28,180 --> 00:04:29,330
Hapa ni mfano mwingine.

89
00:04:29,330 --> 00:04:31,560
Double orodha bei 8.

90
00:04:31,560 --> 00:04:34,610
Hii inajenga safu kuitwa
Orodha ya bei, ambalo lina

91
00:04:34,610 --> 00:04:38,300
ya chumba katika kumbukumbu kwa mara mbili nane.

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00:04:38,300 --> 00:04:42,000

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00:04:42,000 --> 00:04:45,750
>> Kama unafikiri ya kila kipengele
ya safu ya aina data-aina,

94
00:04:45,750 --> 00:04:49,860
hivyo kwa mfano, kipengele moja ya
safu ya aina int, kwa njia hiyo hiyo

95
00:04:49,860 --> 00:04:52,770
kudhani ya mtu mwingine yeyote
kutofautiana wa aina int,

96
00:04:52,770 --> 00:04:56,440
shughuli zote ukoo kwamba sisi
kujadiliwa hapo awali katika Uendeshaji

97
00:04:56,440 --> 00:04:58,270
video itakuwa mantiki.

98
00:04:58,270 --> 00:05:01,620
Hivyo hapa, tunaweza kutangaza safu
ya Booleans aitwaye Truthtable,

99
00:05:01,620 --> 00:05:05,590
ambalo lina nafasi ya 10 Booleans.

100
00:05:05,590 --> 00:05:09,650
>> Na kisha, tu kama sisi inaweza tu kuwapa
thamani ya kutofautiana nyingine yoyote ya aina

101
00:05:09,650 --> 00:05:13,470
Boolean, tunaweza kusema kitu
kama Truthtable mraba mabano

102
00:05:13,470 --> 00:05:18,040
2, ambayo ni jinsi sisi zinaonyesha,
ambayo kipengele cha meza kweli?

103
00:05:18,040 --> 00:05:20,350
Sehemu ya tatu ya
ukweli meza, kwa sababu kumbuka,

104
00:05:20,350 --> 00:05:21,800
sisi ni kuhesabu kutoka 0.

105
00:05:21,800 --> 00:05:25,690
Hivyo hiyo ni jinsi sisi zinaonyesha
Sehemu ya tatu ya meza ukweli.

106
00:05:25,690 --> 00:05:28,680
Truthtable 2 sawa na uongo,
kama tungeweza declare--

107
00:05:28,680 --> 00:05:33,560
au tunaweza kuwapa, badala yake, yoyote
Boolean aina kutofautiana kuwa uongo.

108
00:05:33,560 --> 00:05:35,050
>> Tunaweza pia kutumia katika hali ya.

109
00:05:35,050 --> 00:05:39,000
kama (truthtable 7 ==
kweli), ambayo ni kusema,

110
00:05:39,000 --> 00:05:42,370
kama kipengele nane
ya Truthtable ni kweli,

111
00:05:42,370 --> 00:05:46,760
labda tunataka magazeti ujumbe
kwa mtumiaji, printf ("KWELI! n") ;.

112
00:05:46,760 --> 00:05:50,290
Ambayo inatufanya kusema Truthtable
10 sawa na kweli, haki?

113
00:05:50,290 --> 00:05:53,590
Naam, naweza, lakini ni pretty
hatari, kwa sababu kumbuka,

114
00:05:53,590 --> 00:05:56,260
tuna safu ya 10 Booleans.

115
00:05:56,260 --> 00:06:02,340
Hivyo ripoti juu kwamba
compiler ametupa ni 9.

116
00:06:02,340 --> 00:06:06,010
>> Mpango huu kukusanya, lakini
kama kitu kingine katika kumbukumbu

117
00:06:06,010 --> 00:06:09,110
lipo ambapo tunataka
wanatarajia Truthtable 10 kwenda,

118
00:06:09,110 --> 00:06:13,980
tunaweza kuteseka segmentation kosa. Sisi
inaweza kupata mbali na hayo, lakini kwa ujumla,

119
00:06:13,980 --> 00:06:14,710
pretty hatari.

120
00:06:14,710 --> 00:06:19,759
Hivyo nini mimi kufanya hapa ni kisheria C,
lakini si lazima hoja bora.

121
00:06:19,759 --> 00:06:22,300
Sasa, wakati wewe kutangaza na
initialize safu wakati huo huo,

122
00:06:22,300 --> 00:06:23,960
kuna kweli pretty
syntax maalum kwamba

123
00:06:23,960 --> 00:06:26,250
Unaweza kutumia kujaza juu safu
na maadili yake ya kuanza.

124
00:06:26,250 --> 00:06:30,130
Inaweza kupata mbaya kwa
kutangaza safu ya ukubwa 100,

125
00:06:30,130 --> 00:06:33,430
na kisha kusema, kipengele 0
sawa huu; kipengele 1 ni sawa na hii;

126
00:06:33,430 --> 00:06:34,850
kipengele 2 sawa na hiyo.

127
00:06:34,850 --> 00:06:36,370
Nini maana, sawa?

128
00:06:36,370 --> 00:06:39,470
>> Kama ni safu ndogo, wewe
anaweza kufanya kitu kama hiki.

129
00:06:39,470 --> 00:06:44,360
Bool truthtable 3 sawa na ya wazi
curly brace na kisha comma

130
00:06:44,360 --> 00:06:48,060
kutenganisha orodha ya mambo
kwamba unataka kuweka katika safu.

131
00:06:48,060 --> 00:06:50,520
Kisha kufunga curly brace semicolon.

132
00:06:50,520 --> 00:06:53,910
Hii inajenga safu ya
ukubwa tatu aitwaye Truthtable,

133
00:06:53,910 --> 00:06:56,090
na mambo ya uongo, kweli, na kweli.

134
00:06:56,090 --> 00:06:59,270
Na kwa kweli, instantiation
syntax nina hapa ni

135
00:06:59,270 --> 00:07:03,350
sawa kama kufanya
mtu binafsi kipengele syntax hapa chini.

136
00:07:03,350 --> 00:07:09,380
Hizi njia mbili za coding ingekuwa
kuzalisha halisi safu moja.

137
00:07:09,380 --> 00:07:11,740
>> Vile vile, tunaweza iterate
zaidi ya yote ya mambo

138
00:07:11,740 --> 00:07:15,400
wa safu kutumia kitanzi, ambayo, kwa
kweli, ni sana sana ilipendekeza

139
00:07:15,400 --> 00:07:16,790
at-nyumbani zoezi hilo.

140
00:07:16,790 --> 00:07:20,720
Jinsi gani unaweza kuunda safu
100 integers, ambapo

141
00:07:20,720 --> 00:07:23,477
kila kipengele cha safu ni ripoti yake?

142
00:07:23,477 --> 00:07:26,560
Hivyo kwa mfano, tuna safu ya 100
integers, na katika kipengele kwanza,

143
00:07:26,560 --> 00:07:27,790
tunataka kuweka 0.

144
00:07:27,790 --> 00:07:29,810
Katika kipengele cha pili, tunataka kuweka 1.

145
00:07:29,810 --> 00:07:33,319
Katika kipengele cha tatu, tunataka
kuweka 2; na kadhalika na kadhalika.

146
00:07:33,319 --> 00:07:35,360
Hiyo ni nzuri kwa kweli
at-nyumbani zoezi kwa kufanya hivyo.

147
00:07:35,360 --> 00:07:38,190

148
00:07:38,190 --> 00:07:40,220
>> Hapa, haina kuangalia
kama sana yamebadilika.

149
00:07:40,220 --> 00:07:44,170
Lakini taarifa kwamba katika kati ya
mabano mraba, wakati huu,

150
00:07:44,170 --> 00:07:45,830
Nimekuwa kwa kweli liliondolewa idadi.

151
00:07:45,830 --> 00:07:48,000
Kama unatumia hii sana
instantiation maalum

152
00:07:48,000 --> 00:07:50,380
syntax kujenga
safu, wewe kweli kufanya si

153
00:07:50,380 --> 00:07:53,491
haja ya kuonyesha ukubwa
wa safu ya mbele.

154
00:07:53,491 --> 00:07:55,740
Compiler ni smart kutosha
kujua kwamba kweli

155
00:07:55,740 --> 00:07:58,980
wanataka safu ya ukubwa 3,
kwa sababu wewe kuweka mambo matatu

156
00:07:58,980 --> 00:08:00,640
na haki ya ishara sawa.

157
00:08:00,640 --> 00:08:04,140
Kama alikuwa na kuweka nne, ingekuwa
kutokana na ukweli meza ya ukubwa nne;

158
00:08:04,140 --> 00:08:06,270
na kadhalika na kadhalika.

159
00:08:06,270 --> 00:08:09,380
>> Arrays si pungufu ya moja
mwelekeo, ambayo ni pretty cool.

160
00:08:09,380 --> 00:08:12,000
Unaweza kweli kuwa kama wengi
upande specifiers kama unataka.

161
00:08:12,000 --> 00:08:16,470
Hivyo kwa mfano, kama unataka kujenga
bodi kwa vita ya mchezo, ambayo,

162
00:08:16,470 --> 00:08:20,910
kama wewe milele kucheza, ni mchezo kuwa ni
alicheza na vigingi juu ya 10 na 10 gridi ya taifa,

163
00:08:20,910 --> 00:08:22,450
unaweza kujenga safu kama hii.

164
00:08:22,450 --> 00:08:26,030
Unaweza kusema Bool
vita ya mraba mabano 10

165
00:08:26,030 --> 00:08:29,590
kufungwa mraba mabano mraba
mabano 10 kufungwa mraba mabano.

166
00:08:29,590 --> 00:08:32,710
>> Na kisha, unaweza kuchagua
kutafsiri hii katika akili yako kama 10

167
00:08:32,710 --> 00:08:35,576
na 10 gridi ya seli.

168
00:08:35,576 --> 00:08:37,409
Sasa, kwa kweli, katika kumbukumbu,
ni kweli haina tu

169
00:08:37,409 --> 00:08:42,440
kubaki 100 kipengele,
moja ya pande safu.

170
00:08:42,440 --> 00:08:46,070
Na hii, kwa kweli, huenda kwa maana kama
kuwa na vipimo tatu au nne au tano.

171
00:08:46,070 --> 00:08:49,420
Ni kweli tu haina kuzidisha
wote wa indices--

172
00:08:49,420 --> 00:08:51,130
au yote ya ukubwa
specifiers-- pamoja,

173
00:08:51,130 --> 00:08:53,480
na wewe tu kupata mwelekeo mmoja
safu ya kwamba ukubwa.

174
00:08:53,480 --> 00:08:57,090
>> Lakini katika suala la utaratibu na
taswira na mtazamo wa binadamu,

175
00:08:57,090 --> 00:08:59,240
inaweza kuwa rahisi sana
kufanya kazi na gridi

176
00:08:59,240 --> 00:09:02,980
kama wewe ni kufanya kazi katika mchezo
kama Tic-TAC-toe au vita,

177
00:09:02,980 --> 00:09:05,179
au kitu kama hicho.

178
00:09:05,179 --> 00:09:06,970
Ni uchukuaji kubwa,
badala ya kuwa

179
00:09:06,970 --> 00:09:09,340
kufikiri juu Tic-TAC-toe
bodi kama mstari wa tisa

180
00:09:09,340 --> 00:09:13,810
viwanja au bodi Vita
kama mstari wa viwanja 100.

181
00:09:13,810 --> 00:09:16,010
10 na 10 gridi ya taifa au tatu
na tatu gridi pengine ni

182
00:09:16,010 --> 00:09:17,225
mengi zaidi rahisi kujua.

183
00:09:17,225 --> 00:09:19,820

184
00:09:19,820 --> 00:09:22,280
>> Sasa, kitu kweli
muhimu kuhusu arrays.

185
00:09:22,280 --> 00:09:25,950
Tunaweza kutibu kila mtu binafsi
kipengele cha safu kama kutofautiana.

186
00:09:25,950 --> 00:09:27,700
Tuliona kwamba mapema
tulipokuwa kumshirikisha

187
00:09:27,700 --> 00:09:32,240
thamani Kweli kwa baadhi ya Booleans
au kuwapima katika conditionals.

188
00:09:32,240 --> 00:09:35,960
Lakini hatuwezi kutibu nzima
arrays wenyewe kama vigezo.

189
00:09:35,960 --> 00:09:41,760
Hatuwezi, kwa mfano, kuwapa safu moja
kwa safu mwingine kwa kutumia zoezi

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operator.

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Siyo kisheria C.

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>> Kama tunataka, kwa nini example--
tunataka kuwa kufanya katika mfano kwamba

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itakuwa nakala safu moja hadi nyingine.

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Kama tunataka kufanya hivyo, sisi kweli
haja ya kutumia kitanzi kwa nakala zaidi

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kila kipengele binafsi moja kwa wakati mmoja.

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Najua ni muda mfupi tu kuteketeza.

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>> Hivyo kwa mfano, kama tulikuwa na hizi wanandoa
ya mstari wa kanuni, ingekuwa kazi hii?

198
00:10:04,022 --> 00:10:05,230
Naam, hapana, hakutaka, sawa?

199
00:10:05,230 --> 00:10:07,860
Kwa sababu sisi ni kujaribu
kuwapa chakula kwa bar.

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Hiyo si kwenda kufanya kazi,
kwa sababu ni safu,

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na sisi tu ilivyoelezwa
kwamba si kwamba kisheria C.

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>> Badala yake, kama tunataka
nakala yaliyomo ya chakula

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ndani ya bar, ambayo ni nini
sisi ni kujaribu kufanya hapa,

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tunataka haja syntax kama hii.

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Tuna kwa kitanzi kwamba huenda
kutoka J ni sawa na 0 hadi 5,

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na sisi increment J juu ya kila iteration ya
kitanzi na mambo hawawajui kama hicho.

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00:10:28,390 --> 00:10:33,360
Hii ingeweza kusababisha bar pia
kuwa moja, mbili, tatu, nne, tano,

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lakini sisi kufanya hivyo huu sana
polepole kipengele-na-kipengele njia,

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badala ya tu na
kuiga safu nzima.

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Katika programu zingine
lugha, wale wa kisasa zaidi,

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unaweza, kwa kweli, kufanya tu
kuwa rahisi sawa na syntax.

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Lakini C, kwa bahati mbaya, sisi ni
haruhusiwi kufanya hivyo.

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>> Sasa, kuna mtu mwingine
Jambo nataka kutaja

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kuhusu arrays kwamba inaweza kuwa ni kidogo
kidogo Tricky mara ya kwanza

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kazi nao.

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Sisi kujadiliwa katika video
kuhusu wigo kutofautiana,

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kwamba vigezo zaidi katika C, wakati wewe piga
nao katika kazi, ni wanapita thamani.

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Unakumbuka nini maana
kupita kitu na thamani?

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00:11:08,620 --> 00:11:12,570
Ina maana sisi ni kufanya nakala ya
kutofautiana hiyo kuwa kupita katika.

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Callee kazi, kazi
hiyo ni kupokea kutofautiana,

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haina kupata kutofautiana yenyewe.

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Anapata yake mwenyewe mitaa
nakala yake kufanya kazi pamoja.

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>> Arrays, bila shaka, kufanya
si kufuata kanuni hii.

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Badala yake, ni nini sisi wito huu
anapita kumbukumbu.

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Callee kweli
haina kupokea safu.

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Haina kupokea wake
nakala mwenyewe ndani yake.

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Na kama unadhani kuhusu
hivyo, hii hufanya akili.

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Kama arrays ni kweli kubwa, ni
inachukua muda sana na juhudi

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kufanya nakala ya safu ya
Mambo 100 au 1000 au 10,000,

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kwamba siyo thamani yake kwa
kazi ya kupokea nakala yake,

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kufanya baadhi ya kazi na hayo, na kisha
tu kufanywa na nakala;

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haina haja ya kuwa na
ni kunyongwa karibu tena.

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>> Kwa sababu arrays ni baadhi
bulky na mbaya,

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sisi tu kupita yao kwa kumbukumbu.

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Sisi tu imani kwamba kazi
kwa, wala kuvunja chochote.

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00:12:01,210 --> 00:12:03,010
Hivyo hana kweli kupata safu.

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Haina kupata nakala yake mwenyewe ndani yake.

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>> Hivyo hii ina maana gani,
basi, wakati callee

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kuyaharibu mambo ya safu?

240
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Nini kinatokea?

241
00:12:10,780 --> 00:12:13,210
Kwa sasa, tutaweza Gloss
zaidi ya nini hasa hii

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00:12:13,210 --> 00:12:15,320
itatendeka, kwa nini arrays
ni kupita kwa kumbukumbu

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00:12:15,320 --> 00:12:17,810
na kila kitu kingine ni wanapita thamani.

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00:12:17,810 --> 00:12:20,470
Lakini mimi ahadi yenu, sisi
kurudi na kukupa jibu

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kwa hii katika video ya baadaye.

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00:12:23,750 --> 00:12:28,110
>> Hapa ni moja zaidi kwa ajili ya zoezi wewe
kabla ya sisi kufuta mambo juu ya arrays.

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Kundi la kanuni hapa, hiyo ni
si hasa mtindo mzuri,

248
00:12:31,400 --> 00:12:33,400
tu mimi itabidi kufanya kwamba caveat.

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Hakuna maoni katika hapa,
ambayo ni aina pretty mbaya.

250
00:12:36,660 --> 00:12:39,750
Lakini ni kwa sababu tu nilitaka kuwa
uwezo walionao kila kitu kwenye screen.

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>> Saa ya juu, unaweza kuona kwamba nina
mbili maazimio kazi kwa seti safu

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na kuweka int.

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Kuweka safu inaonekana inachukua safu
integers nne kama mchango wake.

254
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Na kuweka int inaonekana inachukua
integer moja kama mchango wake.

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00:12:52,767 --> 00:12:54,350
Lakini wote wawili hawana pato.

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Pato, kurudi
aina, ya kila mmoja ni batili.

257
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Katika Kuu, tuna
michache ya mstari wa kanuni.

258
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Tunatangaza integer kutofautiana
aitwaye A na hawawajui thamani 10.

259
00:13:02,730 --> 00:13:07,080
Sisi kutangaza safu ya integers nne
aitwaye B na kuwapa mambo 0, 1,

260
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2, na 3, kwa mtiririko huo.

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00:13:08,730 --> 00:13:12,190
Kisha, tuna wito wa kuweka
int na wito wa kuweka safu.

262
00:13:12,190 --> 00:13:15,910
Ufafanuzi wa kuweka safu na kuweka
int ni chini chini, chini.

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00:13:15,910 --> 00:13:17,640
>> Na hivyo, tena, mimi kuuliza swali.

264
00:13:17,640 --> 00:13:20,770
Nini anapata kuchapishwa
hapa mwishoni mwa Kuu?

265
00:13:20,770 --> 00:13:23,020
Kuna printout col. Mimi nina
uchapishaji nje integers mbili.

266
00:13:23,020 --> 00:13:28,010
Mimi uchapishaji nje yaliyomo ya A na
yaliyomo ya B mraba mabano 0.

267
00:13:28,010 --> 00:13:29,880
Pause video hapa na kuchukua dakika.

268
00:13:29,880 --> 00:13:35,482
Je, unaweza kufikiri nini hii
kazi itakuwa magazeti mwishoni?

269
00:13:35,482 --> 00:13:38,190
Hopefully, kama unakumbuka
tofauti kati ya kupita na thamani

270
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na kupita kwa kumbukumbu, hii
Tatizo halikuwa gumu sana kwa ajili yenu.

271
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Na jibu wewe ungekuwa
wamegundua ni hii.

272
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Kama huna uhakika kama kwa
kwa nini hiyo kesi, kuchukua pili,

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kurudi nyuma, kupitia kile Nilikuwa tu
kujadili kuhusu kupita arrays

274
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ukihusishwa, dhidi ya kupita
vigezo vingine na thamani,

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na hopefully, kutakuwa na kufanya
kidogo zaidi hisia.

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00:13:56,680 --> 00:13:59,760
>> Mimi nina Doug Lloyd, na hii ni CS50.

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00:13:59,760 --> 00:14:01,467