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>> Doug LLOYD: Allura konna
isir ħafna xogħol fis-C,

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u C hija verament jibred
lingwa minħabba li tagħtik

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l-abbiltà li adsa verament
livell baxx fil-programmi tiegħek.

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Nikbru biex tagħmel affarijiet kif
verament minuta kif timmanipula

6
00:00:16,810 --> 00:00:18,800
bytes individwali ta 'memorja.

7
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Recall li pointers verament
inessu li l-flessibilità.

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>> Imma aħna dejjem jeħtieġ li jkollhom
dak il-livell fine-grain ta 'dettall

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fil-programmi tagħna?

10
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Probabbilment le, id-dritt?

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U jekk aħna qed tmur biex ikollhom
tpattija bejn li tkun

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jistgħu jagħmlu tassew, tassew
affarijiet minuta u tassew, tassew

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affarijiet kbar li aħna ma jkollhomx biex jaħsbu
dwar, aħna ma jkollhomx biex jimplimentaw

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dawn l-ideat verament kbir jekk
dawn qed diġà mibnija għalina,

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ġeneralment għall-bini big
programmi jew proġetti kbar,

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aħna qed probabbilment se jkun jiffavorixxi s-
talli Jittieħed aktar lingwa mibnija

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għalina, minflok li
l-għalf ta 'livell baxx.

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U li fejn PHP verament jasal fil.

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>> Issa, waħda mir-raġunijiet
li aħna jgħallmu PHP fil CS50

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hija li huwa ispirat ħafna mill
C. U fil-fatt, fil-fehma tiegħi,

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hemm verament żewġ
lingwi proġenituri li

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huma komuni ħafna llum.

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C u LISP.

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U dawn qed lingwi proġenituri
għaliex kull ipprogrammar modern oħra

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lingwa li żviluppat
minn dakinhar hija ispirata

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minn waħda jew l-sintattikament oħra.

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PHP hija simili ħafna sintattikament
sa C, filwaqt lingwi bħal Iskema,

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per eżempju, li
inti tista smajt ta ',

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huwa ispirat ħafna mill lingwa
imsejħa LISP, li hija lingwa anzjani.

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>> Allura r-raġuni aħna jgħallmu
PHP fil CS50 huwa li,

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billi jkun jaf C bħala fundamentalment
kif inti tagħmel f'dan il-punt,

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picking up PHP, li tagħtik l-
ħila li jagħmlu affarijiet livell ferm ogħla

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minn C ma, mhuwiex
li ħafna ta 'ostaklu,

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għaliex inti diġà għandhom l-
idea bażika tal-sintassi.

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C kien madwar għal kważi
45 sena f'dan il-punt.

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PHP kien madwar għal madwar 20 sena.

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U f'dak il-25 sena
bejn, programmaturi

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iddeterminat li kieku ħafna
pjuttost jkollhom abilitajiet ta 'livell ogħla,

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u l-iżbalji u ġlidiet
tal-20 sena fl bejn

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wassal għal PHP u lingwi moderni oħra.

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>> Għażla kbira PHP ta '
lingwa għal softwer

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li allow-- għall
software that-- fejn inti

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bżonn tagħmel affarijiet li fil
C huma attwalment ikkumplikati.

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Hekk per eżempju, li jaħdmu
ma kordi fis-C

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hija kkumplikata ħafna, għaliex
kif nafu, kordi fis-C

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huma verament ftit arrays ta 'karattri.

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Mhuwiex tip ta 'dejta mibnija fil.

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Jew forsi b'mod iktar fundamentali,
xi ħaġa li aħna lanqas ikopru b'mod Ċ,

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dak jekk inti għandek bżonn tagħmel
xi netwerking tal-kompjuter?

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Kull dritt?

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>> C għandu l-abbiltà biex tagħmel dan, iżda huwa hekk
arcane u għalhekk diffiċli biex fil-fatt jagħmlu.

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Ma Ikun sbieħ jekk il-
lingwa kellhom mibnija fil-mod faċli

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biex jimplimentaw netwerking?

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U PHP hija lingwa li jagħmel dan,
jew tiffaċilita li, pjuttost ftit aktar.

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As I said, PHP huwa ħafna ħafna ispirat
minn C. Is-sintassi hija simili ħafna.

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U għalhekk għandu nisperaw jagħmlu l-
transizzjoni minn waħda għall-oħra

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ftit aktar artab minn xi
lingwi oħra jista 'jkun.

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>> Biex tibda tikteb PHP, biss tiftaħ
fajl bl-estensjoni fajl PHP.

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Teknikament dan mhux
attwalment meħtieġa,

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imma jekk inti tixtieq affarijiet simili sintassi
u tenfasizza b'mod IDE, hekk dak it-tip

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ismijiet, jew ismijiet varjabbli, il-funzjonijiet,
tafu, il-kliem kjavi tal-lingwa

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huma enfasizzati fil-
kulur speċifiku, inti ġeneralment

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tixtieq li l-isem fajls tiegħek ma '
estensjoni partikolari fajl.

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Allura konna jismu fajl tagħna ma 'PHP
estensjoni, iżda mbagħad wkoll ma PHP,

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l-kodiċi PHP aħna jikteb f'dik
fajl għandu jiġi mehmuż f'dawn PHP

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delimiters li naraw
hawn fuq l-iskrin.

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Bracket angolu? PHP biex tibda.

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Imbagħad aħna tikteb kollha ta 'PHP tagħna
kodiċi li rridu bejniethom.

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U allura?

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bracket angolu li tagħlaq.

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>> Jekk aħna ma tagħmel dan, allura
x'inhu jiġri?

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Huwa mhux se crash.

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Huwa mhux se
verament rovina programm tagħna.

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Iżda mhux se jkollhom
l-effett li rridu.

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X'hemm jiġri, verament, huwa
li meta aħna tipprova u run dan il-programm,

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kollox ma 'dawk delimiters bejn
se jiġu stampati verbatim.

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Huwa mhux se
fil-fatt tesegwixxi l-kodiċi,

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li għaddej biex biss
ipprintjaha verbatim.

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>> Issa għaliex huwa l-każ?

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Allura C huwa dak magħruf
bħala lingwa ikkompilati.

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Int probabilment familjari ma '
il-pass ta 'kif issir programmi tiegħek,

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tidwir-fajls .c u l-fajls .h
fi eżekutibbli waħda ma għamla,

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partikolarment bl-użu
Clang bħala kompilatur tagħna.

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PHP, għalkemm, ma
jkollhom din ekwivalenti.

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PHP huwa dak li jissejjaħ
lingwa interpretat.

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U xi jfisser?

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>> Ukoll, dan ifisser aħna ma jkollhomx biex jikkonvertu
kodiċi tas-sors tagħna li żerijiet u dawk

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qabel.

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Pjuttost, hemm programm,
li tissejjaħ ukoll

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PHP, li jifhem PHP u
jistgħu xorta ta 'jagħmilha fuq il-fly.

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Li mhux verament eżattament preċiża,
imma hija analoġija pjuttost tajba

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ta 'dak li qed jiġri.

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Huwa interpretazzjoni dawk
zeroes u dawk fuq il-fly.

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U għalhekk jekk ma tkunx taf
kif il-proċess xi ħaġa,

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jekk ma tkunx taf kif
PHP proċess, inti probabilment

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riedu li tikkontesta din test fil hemm, id-dritt?

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>> You probabbilment riedu biex tpoġġi l-kodiċi fil
hemm, anke jekk mhuwiex bejn PHP--

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l delimiters PHP.

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But-- hekk mhuwiex ser
li tħassar dan għalik,

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huwa biss se bażikament armiha.

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Allura li għaddej biex jistampaw
it out għall-iskrin.

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>> Dan jidher simili huwa ħażin
ħaġa, imma attwalment huwa

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se tkun verament
Ħaġa tajba, kif aħna ser

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tara meta nitkellmu dwar
Iżvilupp tal-web PHP,

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għaliex dan ikun ifisser li nistgħu
intersperse PHP u HTML.

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Nistgħu jużawhom flimkien biex
toħloq il-paġna web aktar dinamiku.

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Iżda aktar fuq li fil-
video fuq web iżvilupp PHP.

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>> Allura x'inhi l-sintassi ta PHP?

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Dak hu li dan il-video hija kollha madwar.

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Ejja nitkellmu dwar dan.

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>> Allura biex tibda, varjabbli.

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Jeżistu varjabbli PHP.

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Hemm biss żewġ big
differenzi mill C.

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L-ewwel hija li hemm
ebda specifier tip.

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Aħna ma jkollhom jgħidu int,
char, float, dak kollu li Jittieħed.

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Aħna ma għandek tagħmel dan aktar.

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PHP hija lingwa moderna.

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Hija tista 'ċifra barra dak li int
tipprova tagħmel jew jagħmlu l-aħjar

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raden dwar dak li qed tipprova tagħmel.

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Allura dak pjuttost sbieħ.

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>> Il-ħaġa oħra hija li l-varjabbli
ismijiet għandhom jibdew ma 'sinjal dollaru.

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Li jinsab biss xi ħaġa biex jidraw.

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Huwa ftit stramb, għaliex
huwa tant li PHP jista 'jifhem

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x'hemm varjabbli u dak li mhux.

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Allura kull isem varjabbli
jibda b'sinjal dollaru.

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Għalhekk fl C nistgħu ngħid xi ħaġa
bħal dan, int x = 54.

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Aħna ma jkollhom jagħmlu dan aktar fil-PHP.

128
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Nistgħu biss jgħidu $ x = 54.

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U nistgħu ngħidu, per eżempju, fis-C,
jekk kellna lira inklużi l .h CS50

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fajl header, nistgħu ngħidu
frażi string = "Dan huwa CS50."

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Aħna ma jkollhom biex tagħmel dan fil-PHP, għalkemm.

132
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Nistgħu biss jgħidu $ frażi
= "Dan huwa CS50."

133
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U fil-fatt, spag issa huwa
tip data built-in fil-PHP,

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jew pjuttost PHP jifhem
dak string hu.

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Huwa separata minn firxa
ta 'karattri simili huwa fil C.

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Kollha favoriti tiegħek
dikjarazzjonijiet kondizzjonali minn C

137
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għadhom disponibbli għalik għall-użu.

138
00:06:19,520 --> 00:06:21,140
Allura l-ebda tranżizzjoni big hemmhekk.

139
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Nistgħu say-- li jista 'jkollna
jekk dikjarazzjonijiet bħal dan.

140
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jekk $ y 43, jew $ Z = 15.

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Allura dak pjuttost sempliċi.

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Jista 'jkollna jekk u ieħor.

143
00:06:31,980 --> 00:06:34,210
Jista 'jkollna jekk u ieħor jekk.

144
00:06:34,210 --> 00:06:36,430
>> U avviż xi ħaġa
pretty sbieħ hawn, u dan

145
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huwa tip ta 'waħda minn dawk
vantaġġi ta 'PHP versus C, avviż

146
00:06:39,620 --> 00:06:41,510
liema funzjoni aħna mhux qed jużaw hawn?

147
00:06:41,510 --> 00:06:47,737
Aħna qed jużaw == li tqabbel
varjabbli, $ isem, għal string.

148
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Aħna ma setgħux jagħmlu dan fis-C, id-dritt?

149
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Kellna biex jużaw funzjoni msejħa
StrComp jew StrEndComp jew kwalunkwe

150
00:06:53,200 --> 00:06:54,840
kuġini relatati tiegħu.

151
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>> U hekk diġà naraw dawn il-vantaġġi.

152
00:06:56,980 --> 00:07:00,930
Aħna ma jkollhom jagħmlu xi ħaġa
kif iblah jew forsi unintuitive

153
00:07:00,930 --> 00:07:03,540
bħala sejħa funzjoni msejħa
StrComp jekk I biss jixtiequ jittestjaw

154
00:07:03,540 --> 00:07:05,237
jekk valur huwa ugwali għal string.

155
00:07:05,237 --> 00:07:07,820
I tista 'biss tuża ugwali ugwali,
bħal I jistgħu jagħmlu xi ħaġa oħra.

156
00:07:07,820 --> 00:07:09,560
Allura hemm xi vantaġġ.

157
00:07:09,560 --> 00:07:13,350
>> Kultant, mill-mod, inti tista '
tara inkella kelma jekk bħala waħda, elseif.

158
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U li OK fil-PHP ukoll.

159
00:07:14,910 --> 00:07:17,020
Allura xi kultant inti tista 'tara dak.

160
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Mhuwiex typo.

161
00:07:17,790 --> 00:07:21,830
PHP attwalment jifhem elseif.

162
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I do not know għaliex
ddeċidiet li timplimenta li,

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imma kif aħna stajt tidher ħafna drabi
matul videos tagħna s'issa,

164
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aħna programmaturi imħabba jekk
nistgħu nagħmlu l-affarijiet malajr,

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hekk jwarrbu dak l-ispazju
hija apparentement ta 'vantaġġ kbir.

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>> Allura dak jekk u elseif.

167
00:07:34,800 --> 00:07:37,540
Għandna wkoll l-operatur ternarji,
recall marka kwistjoni kolon,

168
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għall-formola verament qasir jekk inkella
jew kondizzjonali fergħat.

169
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U apparentement, f'dan,
dak li aħna qed tipprova tagħmel hawnhekk

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huwa jassenja l-varjabbli
$ ittra jew vera jew falza,

171
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skond jekk $ var
huwa karattru alfabetiku.

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Allura dan huwa pjuttost simili għall isalpha
li aħna qed familjari mal mit C.

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Dan huwa tip ta 'l-ekwivalenti fil-PHP.

174
00:07:59,010 --> 00:08:01,550
Il-funzjoni hija apparentement
imsejħa ctype_alpha,

175
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iżda li kif nagħmlu dan fil-PHP.

176
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Allura dan kollu se tkun qed, jekk
$ var hija ittra, $ ittra huwa veru.

177
00:08:08,560 --> 00:08:13,820
Jekk $ var mhix ittra,
$ ittra hija falza.

178
00:08:13,820 --> 00:08:15,820
>> Għandna wkoll dikjarazzjonijiet swiċċ xorta.

179
00:08:15,820 --> 00:08:17,870
Infakkru dawk minn C kif ukoll.

180
00:08:17,870 --> 00:08:22,480
Fuq nett hemm, li kif nagħmlu
xi ħaġa bħal get int jew tikseb string.

181
00:08:22,480 --> 00:08:23,845
Allura PHP li mibnija.

182
00:08:23,845 --> 00:08:25,470
M'għandniex bżonn l-librerija CS50 aktar.

183
00:08:25,470 --> 00:08:27,237
Nistgħu biss tuża l-readline funzjoni.

184
00:08:27,237 --> 00:08:29,820
What li għaddej biex tagħmel hu print
l-messaġġ, "l-istat tiegħek,

185
00:08:29,820 --> 00:08:33,820
jekk jogħġbok, "u mbagħad Teptip fil-pront
stennija għall-utent għall-input

186
00:08:33,820 --> 00:08:34,739
xi informazzjoni.

187
00:08:34,739 --> 00:08:36,530
Issa avviż x'iktar
nistgħu nagħmlu ma 'swiċċ.

188
00:08:36,530 --> 00:08:39,105
Jekk inti ħadthom użati qabel,
inti tista 'tfakkar li swiċċ

189
00:08:39,105 --> 00:08:44,960
huwa limitat pretty ħafna għall interi u
karattri, iżda issa nistgħu nużaw kordi.

190
00:08:44,960 --> 00:08:50,190
U fil-fatt, id-dikjarazzjoni swiċċ
fil-PHP huwa pjuttost ftit aktar flessibbli

191
00:08:50,190 --> 00:08:54,880
minn ku tagħha mill C.

192
00:08:54,880 --> 00:08:55,380
Loops.

193
00:08:55,380 --> 00:08:58,130
Eżatt bħal conditionals, kollha ta '
Favourites qadim tiegħek għadhom hemm.

194
00:08:58,130 --> 00:09:00,740
Għandna filwaqt loops li l-għadd
1-100 f'dan il-każ.

195
00:09:00,740 --> 00:09:03,940
Aħna tagħmel waqt loops
li għadd 1-100,

196
00:09:03,940 --> 00:09:06,200
u għandna għal-linji
li għadd 1-100.

197
00:09:06,200 --> 00:09:07,220
Allura l-ebda qabża kbira hemmhekk.

198
00:09:07,220 --> 00:09:09,360
Is-sintassi hija pjuttost
ħafna eżattament l-istess,

199
00:09:09,360 --> 00:09:11,760
ħlief issa aħna qed jużaw
dollaru sinjal varjabbli minflok

200
00:09:11,760 --> 00:09:17,260
li tiddikjara varjabbli numru sħiħ jew
xi ħaġa bħal dik għall-bankijiet tagħna.

201
00:09:17,260 --> 00:09:20,090
>> Hawn fejn l-affarijiet jiksbu
ħafna aħjar minn C, għalkemm.

202
00:09:20,090 --> 00:09:21,020
Arrays.

203
00:09:21,020 --> 00:09:23,020
Allura recall meta konna
jitkellem dwar C, sabiex

204
00:09:23,020 --> 00:09:25,560
għalina biex jikbru u tiċkien
settijiet ta 'informazzjoni,

205
00:09:25,560 --> 00:09:28,310
għandna bżonn biex issolvi nuqqas ta '
għal din l-idea ta 'lista marbuta,

206
00:09:28,310 --> 00:09:30,780
minħabba arrays C ġew iffissati fid-daqs.

207
00:09:30,780 --> 00:09:31,800
Aħna ma tista 'tiċkien minnhom.

208
00:09:31,800 --> 00:09:32,930
Aħna ma tista 'tikber minnhom.

209
00:09:32,930 --> 00:09:36,074
Kellna li jerġgħu jiġu allokati memorja
u tagħmel dan kollu dimenzja

210
00:09:36,074 --> 00:09:38,490
jew jużaw listi marbuta, li
jieħdu pjuttost ftit aktar spazju.

211
00:09:38,490 --> 00:09:41,590
Iżda fil-PHP, arrays huma
ma tkunx iffissata fid-daqs aktar.

212
00:09:41,590 --> 00:09:43,240
Huma jistgħu jikbru u jistgħu tiċkien.

213
00:09:43,240 --> 00:09:46,660
Għalhekk għal darb'oħra, dawn l-20 sena li kienet teżisti
bejn l-ewwel ħruġ ta 'C

214
00:09:46,660 --> 00:09:49,440
u l-ewwel PHP rilaxx,
aħna iddeċieda li, tafu,

215
00:09:49,440 --> 00:09:51,670
ikun verament kbir
jekk nistgħu nagħmlu dan.

216
00:09:51,670 --> 00:09:54,100
U hekk aħna implimentaw din.

217
00:09:54,100 --> 00:09:58,040
>> Allura arrays PHP mhumiex fissi fil
daqs, u minħabba PHP ma verament

218
00:09:58,040 --> 00:10:03,090
ikollhom programmer front-tiffaċċja
kunċetti ta 'tipi,

219
00:10:03,090 --> 00:10:05,110
nistgħu taħlita tipi ta 'data
fil arrays tagħna, wisq.

220
00:10:05,110 --> 00:10:08,100
Allura aħna ma jkollhomx biex tuża l
interi jew punti kollha f'wiċċ l-ilma,

221
00:10:08,100 --> 00:10:12,826
nistgħu jkollhom taħlita ta 'kollha
tipi differenti fil-firxa waħda.

222
00:10:12,826 --> 00:10:14,700
Tiddikjara firxa hija
pjuttost sempliċi.

223
00:10:14,700 --> 00:10:16,116
Huwa biss bħal kull varjabbli ieħor.

224
00:10:16,116 --> 00:10:20,020
nums $ = array (1, 2, 3,
4), array huwa funzjoni

225
00:10:20,020 --> 00:10:22,760
li l-mibnija fil PHP li
se toħloq firxa għalik.

226
00:10:22,760 --> 00:10:28,315
Dan joħloq firxa ta 'erba' valuri,
numri f'dan il-każ, imsejħa nums $.

227
00:10:28,315 --> 00:10:29,940
U hemm aktar minn mod wieħed biex tagħmel dan.

228
00:10:29,940 --> 00:10:32,420
U aħna qed tmur biex
tara dan ħafna fil-PHP.

229
00:10:32,420 --> 00:10:36,380
PHP ġiet żviluppata minn ħafna differenti
nies u tikber u tikber u tikber.

230
00:10:36,380 --> 00:10:40,050
Hemm normalment mhux biss tnejn jew
tliet modi biex tagħmel xi ħaġa fil-PHP,

231
00:10:40,050 --> 00:10:42,170
hemm normalment simili 10 jew 20.

232
00:10:42,170 --> 00:10:45,300
Hawn biss ieħor komuni
mod biex tiddikjara firxa.

233
00:10:45,300 --> 00:10:48,310
nums $ = parentesi 1, 2, 3, 4 kwadru.

234
00:10:48,310 --> 00:10:53,170
Allura dan huwa tip ta 'simili għal angolu C
br-- notazzjoni Brace kaboċċi, pjuttost. $ -

235
00:10:53,170 --> 00:10:58,525
jew ikun nums Int kwadru
parentesi ugwali Brace kaboċċi 1, 2, 3, 4.

236
00:10:58,525 --> 00:11:02,710
Fil PHP huwa nums $ = kwadru
parentesi 1, 2, 3, 4.

237
00:11:02,710 --> 00:11:08,920
Iżda dawn iż-żewġ eżempji hawn jagħtu me
firxa ta 'erba f'dan il-każ interi.

238
00:11:08,920 --> 00:11:10,920
>> X'jiġri jekk I tixtieq li tindi xi ħaġa fuq issa?

239
00:11:10,920 --> 00:11:14,760
Well I jistgħu biss jgħidu $ nums 4, li
għal darb'oħra, aħna qed għadhom qed jgħoddu minn 0 hawn

240
00:11:14,760 --> 00:11:17,800
fil-PHP, ikun il-ħames
element tad-array.

241
00:11:17,800 --> 00:11:18,990
I tista 'biss jgħidu li.

242
00:11:18,990 --> 00:11:22,860
Jien ma jmur biex jbatu minn seg
tort, minħabba firxa tiegħi huwa biss

243
00:11:22,860 --> 00:11:24,337
ser jikber biex jakkomodaw dan.

244
00:11:24,337 --> 00:11:25,420
Li pretty sbieħ, right?

245
00:11:25,420 --> 00:11:28,400
U fil-fatt, jien ma anki ħtieġa li
tispeċifika fejn nixtieq li tqiegħed lilha.

246
00:11:28,400 --> 00:11:31,220
I tista 'biss jgħidu dan u biss
tindi dan id-dritt fuq il-għan,

247
00:11:31,220 --> 00:11:34,099
jew I jistgħu anki sempliċement
jgħidu nums $ 20 jew 1000.

248
00:11:34,099 --> 00:11:35,140
Hija ma verament kwistjoni.

249
00:11:35,140 --> 00:11:38,330
Huwa għadu biss ser
tindi dan id-dritt fuq l-aħħar.

250
00:11:38,330 --> 00:11:41,490
>> So I jistgħu jikbru, u as-- aħna qed
mhux ser tkun koperta fil hawn,

251
00:11:41,490 --> 00:11:45,360
imma nista splice jew strixxa
Elementi barra mill-firxa kif ukoll,

252
00:11:45,360 --> 00:11:50,064
u l-firxa se tiċkien biex jakkomodaw
li l-ispazju issa nieqsa jew vojta.

253
00:11:50,064 --> 00:11:52,230
Hemm mod ieħor biex tindi
xi ħaġa fuq firxa,

254
00:11:52,230 --> 00:11:54,330
li huwa funzjoni msejħa array_push.

255
00:11:54,330 --> 00:11:57,860
Għalhekk għal darb'oħra, biss din l-idea li tkun
jistgħu jagħmlu affarijiet f'ħafna modi differenti.

256
00:11:57,860 --> 00:12:01,950
Allura aħna stajt tidher tliet modi differenti issa
li tindi element ieħor fuq firxa.

257
00:12:01,950 --> 00:12:06,900
Allura dan iżid element ieħor
sa l-aħħar tal-firxa nums $.

258
00:12:06,900 --> 00:12:08,340
U nistgħu ħallat tipi ta 'data tagħna.

259
00:12:08,340 --> 00:12:13,110
So I jista 'jkollhom firxa ta' mhux
1, 2, 3, 4, iżda 1, vera, 3, 4,

260
00:12:13,110 --> 00:12:16,420
fejn vera hija Boolean, u mbagħad
jekk irrid li tindi fuq element ieħor

261
00:12:16,420 --> 00:12:20,860
għal dak array, forsi string,
l-sekwenza "ħames," I jistgħu jagħmlu dan.

262
00:12:20,860 --> 00:12:26,110
U issa firxa tiegħi kieku
jkun 1, vera, 3, 4, ħamsa.

263
00:12:26,110 --> 00:12:28,640
Il-kelma ħames, mhux l-eqreb numru sħiħ 5.

264
00:12:28,640 --> 00:12:31,270
Allura ħafna ta 'flessibilità hemmhekk.

265
00:12:31,270 --> 00:12:33,290
>> Il-flessibbiltà gets
anki aħjar, għalkemm,

266
00:12:33,290 --> 00:12:37,530
minħabba PHP għandha l-appoġġ għal xi ħaġa
imsejħa firxa assoċjattiva.

267
00:12:37,530 --> 00:12:40,660
U aħna tip ta 'vagament tkellmu
arrays dwar assoċjattiva fis-C

268
00:12:40,660 --> 00:12:44,740
fil-kuntest ta 'tabelli hash, minħabba
liema arrays assoċjattiva huma verament kollha

269
00:12:44,740 --> 00:12:48,950
dwar qed jagħmlu ewlenija
mappings par valur.

270
00:12:48,950 --> 00:12:53,410
U f'dan il-każ, il-keys-- jekk
aħna qed familjari mal arrays minn C,

271
00:12:53,410 --> 00:12:55,440
l-ċwievet huma numri indiċi.

272
00:12:55,440 --> 00:12:57,530
0, 1, 2, 3.

273
00:12:57,530 --> 00:13:03,070
U l-valuri huma dak insibu li
firxa 0, array 1, array 2, u l-bqija.

274
00:13:03,070 --> 00:13:06,310
Allura l-ċwievet huma indiċi,
u l-valuri huma

275
00:13:06,310 --> 00:13:10,060
dak li huwa f'dak il-lok firxa,
speċifikati minn dak l-indiċi.

276
00:13:10,060 --> 00:13:15,130
>> Iżda fil-PHP, aħna ma għandekx tagħmel dan
kunċett ta 'firxa 0, array 1, array 2

277
00:13:15,130 --> 00:13:15,830
aktar.

278
00:13:15,830 --> 00:13:21,025
Aħna issa jistgħu jużaw kliem attwali
Mappa ċwievet għall-valuri.

279
00:13:21,025 --> 00:13:22,650
U hekk nista 'ngħid xi ħaġa bħal din.

280
00:13:22,650 --> 00:13:26,710
I tista 'toħloq firxa tuża l-
bracket sintassi kwadru kif ġej.

281
00:13:26,710 --> 00:13:30,685
$ pizez = bracket kwadru
"ġobon" u mbagħad

282
00:13:30,685 --> 00:13:37,210
dan it-tip ta 'notazzjoni vleġġa doppja,
8.99, "pepperoni," vleġġa 10.99-- 9.99,

283
00:13:37,210 --> 00:13:37,880
u l-bqija.

284
00:13:37,880 --> 00:13:39,060
U hekk x'inhu għaddej hawn?

285
00:13:39,060 --> 00:13:41,040
What am I fil-fatt jagħmlu?

286
00:13:41,040 --> 00:13:43,990
Jien ħolqien mappings ewlenin par valur.

287
00:13:43,990 --> 00:13:49,060
Allura minflok ta 'tgħid, per eżempju,
pizez 0, biċċiet 1, pizez 2,

288
00:13:49,060 --> 00:13:52,350
I issa 'ngħid pizez
ġobon, pizez pepperoni,

289
00:13:52,350 --> 00:13:55,120
u jirreferu għall-valuri
assoċjati magħhom.

290
00:13:55,120 --> 00:13:56,970
>> Allura hawnhekk huma ċ-ċwievet tagħna fl-aħdar.

291
00:13:56,970 --> 00:13:59,870
Ġobon, pepperoni,
ħaxix, tiġieġ buflu.

292
00:13:59,870 --> 00:14:04,200
Hawn hu l-vleġġa li jagħmel
dan mapping ewlieni par valur.

293
00:14:04,200 --> 00:14:07,420
U allura hawnhekk huma l-valuri
f'dak il-post array.

294
00:14:07,420 --> 00:14:10,330
Allura huwa simili qal firxa 0 ugwali 8.99.

295
00:14:10,330 --> 00:14:11,720
Il-muftieħ huwa ta '0.

296
00:14:11,720 --> 00:14:13,600
Il-valur huwa 8.99.

297
00:14:13,600 --> 00:14:19,370
I issa 'ngħid ġobon firxa, jew f'dan
każ ġobon pizez, ġobon huwa essenzjali,

298
00:14:19,370 --> 00:14:23,340
u dak I ssib fil
ġobon pizez huwa 8.99.

299
00:14:23,340 --> 00:14:25,540
Dik hija l-valur li nsib hemm.

300
00:14:25,540 --> 00:14:28,124
>> So I tista 'tgħid affarijiet simili.
ġobon $ pizza = 7.99.

301
00:14:28,124 --> 00:14:29,040
Say Jien jkollhom bejgħ.

302
00:14:29,040 --> 00:14:31,750
Irrid dis-- nixtieq li tinżel
il-prezz tal-pizza ġobon.

303
00:14:31,750 --> 00:14:35,620
Jew I jistgħu jużaw l-ħxejjex
pizza bħala parti minn kundizzjoni,

304
00:14:35,620 --> 00:14:39,990
jew I tista 'żżid element ġdid li tiegħi
firxa, bħad I tista 'tagħmel qabel.

305
00:14:39,990 --> 00:14:44,680
I tista 'żżid element ġdid għal dan
array assoċjattiva il-formula "bacon"

306
00:14:44,680 --> 00:14:49,250
u l-valur 13.49.

307
00:14:49,250 --> 00:14:53,820
>> Iżda dan it-tip ta jintroduċi problema,
jekk inti taħseb dwarha għat-tieni.

308
00:14:53,820 --> 00:14:55,721
Kif aħna jtenni permezz ta 'dan array?

309
00:14:55,721 --> 00:14:56,220
Dritt?

310
00:14:56,220 --> 00:14:59,820
Fl C, aħna se biss ikollhom
għall loop, tipikament, li

311
00:14:59,820 --> 00:15:03,650
imur minn 0 sa l-
daqs tal-array minus 1.

312
00:15:03,650 --> 00:15:08,060
Il-firxa għandha elementi n f'mill, il
indiċi validi huma 0 sa n minus 1.

313
00:15:08,060 --> 00:15:11,530
Allura aħna tista 'tuża għall-loop biex
pass permezz ta 'kull element wieħed.

314
00:15:11,530 --> 00:15:13,530
>> Iżda li mhux verament
il-każ aktar, id-dritt?

315
00:15:13,530 --> 00:15:17,360
Issa fejn għandna par valur ewlieni
mappings fejn il-ċwievet huma kliem,

316
00:15:17,360 --> 00:15:19,970
kif nistgħu jtenni fuq kollha tal-kliem?

317
00:15:19,970 --> 00:15:22,420
Ukoll, fortunatament, PHP
mod biex jittrattaw ma 'dan ukoll,

318
00:15:22,420 --> 00:15:24,580
u hekk aħna ser jaqbżu lura
għal-linji għat-tieni

319
00:15:24,580 --> 00:15:30,780
li tintroduċi r-raba 'tip ta' loop li
teżisti PHP tissejjaħ loop foreach.

320
00:15:30,780 --> 00:15:34,430
U liema loop foreach ma huwa
huwa bażikament l-istess idea.

321
00:15:34,430 --> 00:15:36,060
Tista 'tagħmel użu minnha għal kwalunkwe tip ta' firxa.

322
00:15:36,060 --> 00:15:38,100
Imma hija bażikament l-
istess idea bħala għall loop,

323
00:15:38,100 --> 00:15:40,750
ħlief minflok li jużaw
numri ta 'indiċi, inti biss

324
00:15:40,750 --> 00:15:45,830
jkollhom din sintassi stramb fejn
inti sejħa kull element wieħed

325
00:15:45,830 --> 00:15:47,550
isem għall-finijiet ta 'dan loop.

326
00:15:47,550 --> 00:15:49,258
>> Allura f'dan il-każ,
foreach ($ array kif $ ċavetta).

327
00:15:49,258 --> 00:15:52,900

328
00:15:52,900 --> 00:15:56,450
Bażikament, kif li l-karti kumment,
ġewwa ta 'dan loop foreach,

329
00:15:56,450 --> 00:16:00,466
huwa se jmorru fuq kull waħda
element ta '$ array, li huwa tipikament

330
00:16:00,466 --> 00:16:03,340
se tkun firxa assoċjattiva,
iżda tista 'verament tkun xi tip ta' firxa

331
00:16:03,340 --> 00:16:05,419
li trid fil PHP.

332
00:16:05,419 --> 00:16:07,210
U kull darba li
a għal loop inti tista

333
00:16:07,210 --> 00:16:13,780
qalu $ array parenteżi kwadri
$ i, inti tista 'biss jgħidu $ ewlenin.

334
00:16:13,780 --> 00:16:22,340
Allura li $ ewlenija isir alias għal kull
indiċi ta 'firxa tiegħek assoċjattiva PHP,

335
00:16:22,340 --> 00:16:23,710
u għalhekk inti tista 'tuża dan bħal dik.

336
00:16:23,710 --> 00:16:25,897
>> Hekk per eżempju, konna
issa ltqajna pizez firxa tagħna.

337
00:16:25,897 --> 00:16:27,730
Stajt tip ta 'tucked dan
fil-kantuniera hemm

338
00:16:27,730 --> 00:16:31,080
hekk nistgħu nużaw biex jagħmlu eżempju malajr.

339
00:16:31,080 --> 00:16:36,420
Jekk ngħid foreach ($ pizez bħala
$ pizza), ukoll, dak li qed jiġri?

340
00:16:36,420 --> 00:16:42,400
Well, jien ser jtenni permezz ta 'kull
element wieħed ta 'l-pizez firxa $,

341
00:16:42,400 --> 00:16:46,670
u billi jagħmlu dan, jien ser sejħa
kull element, meta jien ġewwa

342
00:16:46,670 --> 00:16:49,400
tal-korp ta 'dak għall loop, $ pizza.

343
00:16:49,400 --> 00:16:52,440
>> Allura dak it-tip ta '
stand-in, irtirar, li $ pizza

344
00:16:52,440 --> 00:16:59,140
huwa stand-in biex tgħid
pizez $ parentesi kwadri $ i

345
00:16:59,140 --> 00:17:03,370
jekk konna jużaw għall loop, fejn aħna
tista 'tmur minn $ i = 0 sa, f'dan il-każ,

346
00:17:03,370 --> 00:17:06,089
$ i = 3.

347
00:17:06,089 --> 00:17:09,780
Jekk aħna ma kellhiex pari b'valur ewlenin
hawn, dan ikun element 0, 1, 2, 3,

348
00:17:09,780 --> 00:17:16,390
u aħna ser jużaw għal loop li jmorru
$ pizez 0, $ pizez 1, $ 2, pizez

349
00:17:16,390 --> 00:17:17,750
$ pizez 3.

350
00:17:17,750 --> 00:17:23,130
Allura issa ftit $ pizza hija tissostitwixxi
għal dak ċavetta individwali.

351
00:17:23,130 --> 00:17:25,630
>> Allura dak li huwa dan se jistampa?

352
00:17:25,630 --> 00:17:29,030
Jien stampar ta $ pizza.

353
00:17:29,030 --> 00:17:35,270
What am I ser issib at--
jekk I jistampa $ pizez, $ i?

354
00:17:35,270 --> 00:17:35,770
Dritt?

355
00:17:35,770 --> 00:17:38,680
Jekk jien ser jistampa
l-element ith ta pizez,

356
00:17:38,680 --> 00:17:40,070
dak am I morna għall-istampa?

357
00:17:40,070 --> 00:17:42,580
Jien ser jistampa l-
Valuri f'dak il-post, id-dritt?

358
00:17:42,580 --> 00:17:45,370
Simili jekk aħna kienu qed jagħmlu
dan fil-kuntest ta 'C,

359
00:17:45,370 --> 00:17:49,786
aħna ma normalment jużaw iterator tagħna
varjabbli, int i = 0, i huwa inqas minn 3,

360
00:17:49,786 --> 00:17:52,900
i ++, biex jistampa 0, 1, 2, 3.

361
00:17:52,900 --> 00:17:57,500
Aħna istampar out firxa 0,
firxa 1, array 2, array 3.

362
00:17:57,500 --> 00:17:59,580
U iva, liema dan prints out hija din.

363
00:17:59,580 --> 00:18:01,150
Hu l-lista tal-prezzijiet.

364
00:18:01,150 --> 00:18:05,750
8.99, 9.99, 10.99, 11.99.

365
00:18:05,750 --> 00:18:06,900
>> Issa nota ta 'malajr hawn.

366
00:18:06,900 --> 00:18:10,900
A loop foreach mhux bilfors
jistampa affarijiet fl-ordni.

367
00:18:10,900 --> 00:18:12,770
Mhuwiex garantit.

368
00:18:12,770 --> 00:18:13,550
Normalment ma.

369
00:18:13,550 --> 00:18:17,667
Huwa normalment ibbażat fuq l-ordni li
liema elementi huma miżjuda mal-firxa,

370
00:18:17,667 --> 00:18:18,750
hekk biss dan f'moħħhom.

371
00:18:18,750 --> 00:18:20,830
Jista 'ma jkunx fl-ordni.

372
00:18:20,830 --> 00:18:23,930
Iżda loop foreach se jtenni
madwar kull element wieħed

373
00:18:23,930 --> 00:18:25,060
mill-firxa in kwistjoni.

374
00:18:25,060 --> 00:18:27,980
F'dan il-każ, għal darb'oħra,
li array huwa $ pizez.

375
00:18:27,980 --> 00:18:32,920
>> I jistgħu jibdlu l-sintassi, għalkemm, jekk
Irrid kemm iċ-ċavetta u l-valur.

376
00:18:32,920 --> 00:18:37,179
Minflok qal pizez $
kif $ pizza, nista 'ngħid dan.

377
00:18:37,179 --> 00:18:39,470
U jekk inti tħares lejn dak li stajt
enfasizzat fl-aħdar hawn,

378
00:18:39,470 --> 00:18:42,130
jidher qisu mapping ewlieni par valur.

379
00:18:42,130 --> 00:18:45,980
U hekk jekk you-- anke jekk m'intix
totalment ċert dak li għaddej biex jagħmlu,

380
00:18:45,980 --> 00:18:49,300
inti tista 'probabbilment raden
li $ topping huwa għaddej

381
00:18:49,300 --> 00:18:53,800
li jkun iċ-ċavetta f'dan il-każ u
prezz $ se jkun il-valur.

382
00:18:53,800 --> 00:18:59,200
Hekk jien tissostitwixxi issa kull element
ta '$ pizez bħala par valur ewlieni,

383
00:18:59,200 --> 00:19:03,900
u issa I tista 'tirreferi għall-ċavetta u
il-valur, li jista 'fil handy,

384
00:19:03,900 --> 00:19:05,590
per eżempju, kif ġej.

385
00:19:05,590 --> 00:19:10,170
>> "A sħiħ" - dan huwa ħafna
istampar għaddej here-- "A sħiħ"

386
00:19:10,170 --> 00:19:17,300
topping "pizza ispejjeż $" prezz, u mbagħad
I jistampa perjodu u n backslash.

387
00:19:17,300 --> 00:19:23,420
Allura issa, avviż għal darb'oħra I jkollhom aċċess għal
ewlieni, $ topping, u valur, prezz $.

388
00:19:23,420 --> 00:19:26,647
Allura inti tista raden dak li dan
se jistampa?

389
00:19:26,647 --> 00:19:29,480
Hemm ħafna ta 'dikjarazzjonijiet istampar,
imma hemm biss backslash n waħda,

390
00:19:29,480 --> 00:19:33,410
hekk li għaddej biex jistampaw xi ħaġa fuq
l entire-- fuq linja waħda tal-kodiċi.

391
00:19:33,410 --> 00:19:36,965
>> Jekk I tista 'tirreferi lill-muftieħ
u l-valur, allura issa,

392
00:19:36,965 --> 00:19:39,090
minflok sempliċiment tkun tista
biex jistampa l-prezzijiet,

393
00:19:39,090 --> 00:19:41,330
I tista 'jistampa xi ħaġa bħal din.

394
00:19:41,330 --> 00:19:43,780
"A pizza ġobon kollu ispejjeż $ 8.99."

395
00:19:43,780 --> 00:19:47,150
U issa jien jużaw kollha ta 'l-keys--
ġobon, pepperoni, ħaxix,

396
00:19:47,150 --> 00:19:49,640
buflu chicken-- u l-valuri.

397
00:19:49,640 --> 00:19:53,980
8.99, 9.99, 10.99, 11.99 So
li jinsab biss b'mod differenti

398
00:19:53,980 --> 00:19:57,840
li tagħmel loop foreach li minflok
biss jagħtik aċċess għall-valuri,

399
00:19:57,840 --> 00:20:02,950
hija biss jagħti you-- li tagħtik
aċċess għall-ċwievet u l-valuri.

400
00:20:02,950 --> 00:20:04,411
>> Allura stampar ta 'informazzjoni.

401
00:20:04,411 --> 00:20:07,410
Stajt diġà għamlu dan ftit
modi differenti, inti jista 'jkollok ndunat.

402
00:20:07,410 --> 00:20:11,080
Iż-żewġ funzjonijiet konna primarjament
jidhru huma print u eku.

403
00:20:11,080 --> 00:20:14,380
U għal pretty ħafna kull fini u
skopijiet, dawn qed eżattament l-istess.

404
00:20:14,380 --> 00:20:17,130
They're-- hemm sottili ħafna
differenza li lanqas worth

405
00:20:17,130 --> 00:20:21,130
jkollna fis, imma bażikament kullimkien
inti tista 'tuża print inti tista' probabbilment tuża

406
00:20:21,130 --> 00:20:22,370
eku ukoll.

407
00:20:22,370 --> 00:20:23,610
>> U li mhux l-uniku tnejn.

408
00:20:23,610 --> 00:20:26,970
PHP għandha ħafna ta 'differenti
modi biex jistampa affarijiet out,

409
00:20:26,970 --> 00:20:30,520
u għandha wkoll modi biex jintegraw
varjabbli fil-nofs ta 'sekwenza.

410
00:20:30,520 --> 00:20:32,860
Allura lura mit C, do you
tiftakar dak funzjoni

411
00:20:32,860 --> 00:20:37,580
nistgħu nużaw biex tissostitwixxi varjabbli
fis-affarijiet li rridu li jistampa?

412
00:20:37,580 --> 00:20:40,160
You probabbilment tuża dan
funzjoni pjuttost ħafna.

413
00:20:40,160 --> 00:20:42,290
printf, id-dritt?

414
00:20:42,290 --> 00:20:45,290
Allura dan huwa dak li kellna qabel ġewwa
tal-kuntest tal loop foreach tagħna.

415
00:20:45,290 --> 00:20:48,000
Kellna dawn il-ħames
dikjarazzjonijiet separati istampar,

416
00:20:48,000 --> 00:20:50,330
minħabba li kienet l-unika
mod I really kien jaf fiż-żmien

417
00:20:50,330 --> 00:20:52,450
kif jistampa messaġġi.

418
00:20:52,450 --> 00:20:59,560
I ma kinux jafu kif biex jintegraw il-
$ varjabbli topping fis kodiċi PHP tiegħi.

419
00:20:59,560 --> 00:21:03,700
Ukoll, jekk I biss ħa raden selvaġġi,
printf, huwa ħadmu effettivament se.

420
00:21:03,700 --> 00:21:08,980
printf hija funzjoni li nista 'nuża
fil-PHP, bħad I jistgħu jużawha fil C.

421
00:21:08,980 --> 00:21:11,880
>> U hekk xi ħaġa bħal din, printf,
għal darb'oħra, aħna qed familjari ma 'dak.

422
00:21:11,880 --> 00:21:16,420
L-ewwel% s huwa mibdul
mal-valur ta '$ topping.

423
00:21:16,420 --> 00:21:19,700
It-tieni% s huwa mibdul
mal-valur tal-prezz $.

424
00:21:19,700 --> 00:21:22,630
U hekk jien interpellating,
li huwa biss mod fancy

425
00:21:22,630 --> 00:21:25,400
ta 'tgħid jien teħel il
varjabbli fis f'dak il-post.

426
00:21:25,400 --> 00:21:31,000
Hekk jien ħofor fil $ topping fejn il
aħmar% s huwa u $ prezz fejn il-blu% s

427
00:21:31,000 --> 00:21:36,060
huwa, u mbagħad I se tikseb il-messaġġ,
"A pizza ġobon kollu ispejjeż $ 8.99."

428
00:21:36,060 --> 00:21:37,750
>> Mhux l-uniku mod I tista 'tagħmel dan, għalkemm.

429
00:21:37,750 --> 00:21:39,760
Forsi I tixtieq li tuża dan il-metodu.

430
00:21:39,760 --> 00:21:44,890
Dan huwa attwalment dak l-aktar komunement
imsejħa interpellation varjabbli.

431
00:21:44,890 --> 00:21:45,690
I jistgħu jużaw eku.

432
00:21:45,690 --> 00:21:47,737
I jistgħu jużaw print wisq, kif Ser naraw.

433
00:21:47,737 --> 00:21:48,820
Imma dak li qed jiġri hawn?

434
00:21:48,820 --> 00:21:51,520
>> L-ewwelnett, ikolli
jaħarbu l-sinjal dollaru.

435
00:21:51,520 --> 00:21:55,140
Minħabba ftakar, meta konna fil-fatt
istampar l-prezzijiet tal-pizez,

436
00:21:55,140 --> 00:21:59,370
I kien attwalment ifformattjar bħala
b'ċifri monetarji b'sinjal dollaru.

437
00:21:59,370 --> 00:22:05,635
Iżda aħna qed tuża sinjali dollaru wkoll
li jirrappreżenta ismijiet varjabbli fil-PHP,

438
00:22:05,635 --> 00:22:08,010
u b'mod partikolari meta jien
jużaw dan il-metodu ta 'l-kaboċċi

439
00:22:08,010 --> 00:22:10,040
Brace varjabbli
Metodu interpellation, I bżonn

440
00:22:10,040 --> 00:22:13,490
jaħarbu sinjal dollaru tiegħi għalhekk ma
think jien jitkellem dwar varjabbli.

441
00:22:13,490 --> 00:22:16,920
Huwa ser fil-fatt,
litteralment stampar ta 'sinjal dollaru.

442
00:22:16,920 --> 00:22:19,530
>> Allura tip ta 'analogize lill
dak li tara fl-aħħar hemmhekk.

443
00:22:19,530 --> 00:22:22,832
Ma attwalment
print backslash n, id-dritt?

444
00:22:22,832 --> 00:22:24,290
Hija prints out karattru linja ġdida.

445
00:22:24,290 --> 00:22:26,750
Dan is-- mhuwiex se
print sinjal dollaru backslash,

446
00:22:26,750 --> 00:22:30,130
li għaddej biex jistampa biss
karattru sinjal dollaru.

447
00:22:30,130 --> 00:22:30,640
Istess idea.

448
00:22:30,640 --> 00:22:32,760
Jaħarbu sekwenzi, dak
dawn l-affarijiet huma msejħa.

449
00:22:32,760 --> 00:22:37,080
>> Imma avviż li jiena ma nagħmilx
kwalunkwe tip ta '% s sostituzzjonijiet,

450
00:22:37,080 --> 00:22:40,050
Jien biss litteralment fejn jitwaħħal
fil dawn il-varjabbli.

451
00:22:40,050 --> 00:22:45,110
U hekk fl this-- x'jista 'jiġri hawn
huwa li l-valur ta '$ topping-- mill-ġdid,

452
00:22:45,110 --> 00:22:48,390
biss iż-żamma ma 'dak li aħna kont qed
jitkellem dwar ġobon hekk far-- se tikseb

453
00:22:48,390 --> 00:22:49,720
pplaggjat fil hemmhekk.

454
00:22:49,720 --> 00:22:54,780
U l-prezz $ ikun x'ikun valur huwa
fil pizez, parentesi kwadri, ġobon,

455
00:22:54,780 --> 00:22:56,270
li kien 8.99.

456
00:22:56,270 --> 00:23:01,860
U għalhekk dan ikun ukoll jistampa
"A pizza ġobon kollu ispejjeż $ 8.99."

457
00:23:01,860 --> 00:23:05,160
U bħal I said, I jistgħu jużaw
print hawn minflok eku,

458
00:23:05,160 --> 00:23:08,040
u l-funzjonalità tkun
pretty ħafna eżattament l-istess.

459
00:23:08,040 --> 00:23:09,660
Ikun jistampa l-istess ħaġa.

460
00:23:09,660 --> 00:23:12,680
>> Hemm mod ieħor biex tagħmel dan,
u dan huwa vantaġġ ieħor

461
00:23:12,680 --> 00:23:14,710
ta PHP ħidma ma kordi.

462
00:23:14,710 --> 00:23:17,130
Nistgħu nagħmlu konkatenazzjoni sekwenza.

463
00:23:17,130 --> 00:23:19,660
Stajna nagħmlu dan fis-C, wisq,
użu ta 'funzjoni msejħa strcat,

464
00:23:19,660 --> 00:23:21,180
iżda għal darb'oħra, kellna biex
sejħa funzjonijiet separati.

465
00:23:21,180 --> 00:23:22,640
Kien dan mess kollu li tagħmel.

466
00:23:22,640 --> 00:23:24,590
Kellna biex lira jinkludu string.h.

467
00:23:24,590 --> 00:23:25,780
Kienet produzzjoni, id-dritt?

468
00:23:25,780 --> 00:23:30,070
Imma issa I tista 'biss tuża dan l-operatur dot
li concatenate kordi flimkien.

469
00:23:30,070 --> 00:23:34,910
>> Hekk jien concatenating "A sħiħ" u
imbagħad ikun x'ikun il-valur ta '$ topping huwa,

470
00:23:34,910 --> 00:23:38,860
u mbagħad ieħor
spag, "spejjeż pizza $"

471
00:23:38,860 --> 00:23:42,340
u mbagħad concatenating x'ikun
il-valur tal-prezz $ hija,

472
00:23:42,340 --> 00:23:45,670
u mbagħad fl-aħħar nett jien
klassifikazzjoni hija stabbilita fuq perjodu backslash n.

473
00:23:45,670 --> 00:23:47,926
U hekk dan ikun ukoll
jistampa "A sħiħa" - għal darb'oħra,

474
00:23:47,926 --> 00:23:50,550
jekk aħna qed jitkellem dwar l-ewwel
element ta 'dik array-- pizez

475
00:23:50,550 --> 00:23:54,710
"A pizza ġobon kollu ispejjeż $ 8.99."

476
00:23:54,710 --> 00:24:01,260
Perjodu, backslash n, għal darb'oħra, ma
il- $ topping u $ prezz jissostitwixxi

477
00:24:01,260 --> 00:24:06,580
għal dak li kellna speċifikat fl foreach tagħna
loop bħala l-immappjar ċavetta par valur.

478
00:24:06,580 --> 00:24:08,050
>> PHP jistgħu jimmaniġġjaw funzjonijiet.

479
00:24:08,050 --> 00:24:11,250
Funzjonijiet kienu tip ta '
integrali sa C, kif rajna.

480
00:24:11,250 --> 00:24:14,870
Bħal varjabbli, ma kellniex bżonn biex
ispeċifika t-tip ritorn tal-funzjoni,

481
00:24:14,870 --> 00:24:16,350
minħabba li ma verament kwistjoni.

482
00:24:16,350 --> 00:24:18,660
U aħna ma jispeċifikawx il-
tipi ta 'data ta' xi parametri,

483
00:24:18,660 --> 00:24:21,410
għaliex ma verament
kwistjoni, bħal Rajna fil-PHP.

484
00:24:21,410 --> 00:24:24,510
Kull funzjoni hija introdotta
bil-keyword funzjoni.

485
00:24:24,510 --> 00:24:27,920
Li kif aħna jindika lill PHP li
dak li aħna qed jitkellem dwar huwa funzjoni.

486
00:24:27,920 --> 00:24:29,720
>> U aħna ma jkollhomx biex
jittrattaw prinċipali fil-livelli kollha,

487
00:24:29,720 --> 00:24:33,690
minħabba li l-interpretu, il-PHP
interpretu, xogħlijiet minn fuq għal isfel,

488
00:24:33,690 --> 00:24:34,190
indipendentement.

489
00:24:34,190 --> 00:24:35,640
Jekk jidhrilha inti tista 'tagħmel
sejħa funzjoni, dan ser

490
00:24:35,640 --> 00:24:37,850
tmur issib is-sejħa funzjoni,
anki jekk tiġi l-aħħar.

491
00:24:37,850 --> 00:24:40,360
Iżda li għaddej biex jaqra minn fuq għal
qiegħ, hekk aħna ma bżonn li jispeċifikaw,

492
00:24:40,360 --> 00:24:41,500
hawn fejn tibda.

493
00:24:41,500 --> 00:24:46,700
Tibda fuq il-linja 1 ta 'tiegħek
PHP u x-xogħol isfel minn hemm.

494
00:24:46,700 --> 00:24:49,690
>> Allura hawnhekk hija kif aħna se toħloq
funzjoni msejħa hard_square.

495
00:24:49,690 --> 00:24:54,100
Huwa apparentement tieħu waħda
parametru, li jien ssejjaħ $ x.

496
00:24:54,100 --> 00:24:58,424
Din il-funzjoni hija kkumplikata biss
biex juru affarijiet varji.

497
00:24:58,424 --> 00:24:59,590
Għad għandna valuri ritorn.

498
00:24:59,590 --> 00:25:00,870
Jien jużaw għall loop hawn.

499
00:25:00,870 --> 00:25:04,970
Iżda huwa bażikament biss, dak li dan
jammonta għal huwa biss $ x drabi $ x.

500
00:25:04,970 --> 00:25:10,520
Dak li jien fil-fatt jagħmlu huwa sempliċement tiżdied
x għal 0 x ħinijiet jew $ x biex żero ħinijiet $ x.

501
00:25:10,520 --> 00:25:15,850
Imma hija effettivament eżattament l-
istess bħal multiplikazzjoni $ x drabi $ x.

502
00:25:15,850 --> 00:25:18,700
I xorta jistgħu jirritornaw valur,
f'dan il-każ $ riżultat,

503
00:25:18,700 --> 00:25:22,060
u stajt għamel funzjoni PHP.

504
00:25:22,060 --> 00:25:24,160
>> Ara kif inti tista 'tagħmel użu minnha fil-kuntest.

505
00:25:24,160 --> 00:25:26,020
Hekk forsi jien ġewwa ta 'xi fajl PHP.

506
00:25:26,020 --> 00:25:29,240
Avviż bil-blu hemmhekk li
Stajt użati delimiters PHP tiegħi,

507
00:25:29,240 --> 00:25:31,010
bracket angolu trade mark in kwistjoni PHP.

508
00:25:31,010 --> 00:25:35,180
Fil bejn dawn huma kollha
il PHP li nixtieq li tikteb.

509
00:25:35,180 --> 00:25:37,840
Hekk jien apparentement ser get--
Jien ser pront lill-utent

510
00:25:37,840 --> 00:25:41,550
li tagħti me numru, maħżen li
varjabbli, jaħżnu f'dak varjabbli $ x,

511
00:25:41,550 --> 00:25:43,320
kull ma tatni.

512
00:25:43,320 --> 00:25:48,590
Imbagħad jien ser eku
hard_square ta 'dak il-valur,

513
00:25:48,590 --> 00:25:50,370
u dan milli jidher,
li tindi fuq linja ġdida

514
00:25:50,370 --> 00:25:53,590
kif ukoll, u mbagħad aktar tard I ser
jiddefinixxu l-funzjoni hard_square hekk

515
00:25:53,590 --> 00:25:55,550
li meta I jagħmlu l-
sejħa għall hard_square,

516
00:25:55,550 --> 00:25:58,160
huwa jaf dak li nkun qiegħed jitkellem dwar.

517
00:25:58,160 --> 00:26:00,705
>> Issa, I jistgħu wkoll jagħmlu
xi ħaġa bħal din.

518
00:26:00,705 --> 00:26:02,050
Dan huwa kemmxejn differenti.

519
00:26:02,050 --> 00:26:04,190
Huwa kważi eżattament l-
istess bħal dak rajna qabel,

520
00:26:04,190 --> 00:26:08,400
ħlief minflok ta 'tgħid ftit $ x
hemm bħala l-parametru li hard_square,

521
00:26:08,400 --> 00:26:11,730
Jien qal $ x = 10.

522
00:26:11,730 --> 00:26:14,330
Allura dan huwa eżempju ta '
programmazzjoni difensiva,

523
00:26:14,330 --> 00:26:17,070
għassa programmi tiegħek
kontra l-utenti malizzjużi.

524
00:26:17,070 --> 00:26:20,020
>> Dan huwa mod wieħed biex tagħmel xi żball
verifika li aħna ma verament

525
00:26:20,020 --> 00:26:24,670
jkollhom bħala għażla C. Nistgħu qatt
tispeċifika l-valur ta 'default ta' xi ħaġa.

526
00:26:24,670 --> 00:26:27,010
Aħna dejjem kellha tivverifika
jekk il-, per eżempju,

527
00:26:27,010 --> 00:26:30,820
jekk għamilna sejħa għal GetString, kien
aktar xierqa jekk immedjatament wara we

528
00:26:30,820 --> 00:26:33,300
ċċekkjati dan, aħna ċċekkjati
jekk il-sekwenza

529
00:26:33,300 --> 00:26:35,504
li l-utent tawna
mhuwiex ugwali għal nulla,

530
00:26:35,504 --> 00:26:37,920
għaliex aħna ma jridu jibdew
taħdem bi string null.

531
00:26:37,920 --> 00:26:39,670
>> Hawnhekk, dan huwa mod
biex iħarsu kontra dan.

532
00:26:39,670 --> 00:26:43,480
Jekk l-utent ma tawniex xi ħaġa
b'xi, dak li aħna se jagħmlu?

533
00:26:43,480 --> 00:26:46,080
Well, aħna ser biss jgħidu dak kollu
huma ma tawniex,

534
00:26:46,080 --> 00:26:47,705
aħna qed biss se plagg fil-10 minflok.

535
00:26:47,705 --> 00:26:52,030
Mela jekk dawn ma tagħtina valur,
biss użu 10 fil-kontumaċja. U hekk hawn,

536
00:26:52,030 --> 00:26:53,940
avviż li jien jagħmlu
Sejħa għall-hard_square,

537
00:26:53,940 --> 00:26:55,980
iżda hemm ebda pront
lill-utent, id-dritt?

538
00:26:55,980 --> 00:26:57,540
Jien biss tagħmel sejħa vojta.

539
00:26:57,540 --> 00:27:00,860
>> Iżda funzjoni tiegħi hard_square
qed tistenna parametru.

540
00:27:00,860 --> 00:27:02,222
X'inhu dan se jistampa?

541
00:27:02,222 --> 00:27:03,680
Huwa ser jistampa 100, id-dritt?

542
00:27:03,680 --> 00:27:05,720
Minħabba li l-utent ma
tagħti me xejn.

543
00:27:05,720 --> 00:27:08,970
U hekk jien biss ser jassumi
li 10-- 10 huwa l-valur ta 'default.

544
00:27:08,970 --> 00:27:13,760
U għalhekk dan ikun jistampaw
out 100 fuq il-linja tagħha stess.

545
00:27:13,760 --> 00:27:16,390
>> Fajls PHP ma għandekx
jkun biss f'fajl wieħed.

546
00:27:16,390 --> 00:27:19,480
Tista 'tikkombina fajls multipli flimkien,
bħad inti tista 'fil C. Il-mod

547
00:27:19,480 --> 00:27:24,330
għamilna li C kien tipikament do a
#include tikseb fajls header jinġibed.

548
00:27:24,330 --> 00:27:26,180
Aħna ma tagħmel dan fil-PHP.

549
00:27:26,180 --> 00:27:29,110
We do xi ħaġa imsejħa require_once.

550
00:27:29,110 --> 00:27:33,360
U allura hemm dan kollu
ħaġa, x'hemm dan __dir__?

551
00:27:33,360 --> 00:27:36,510
Li jinsab biss speċjali
varjabbli, jew kostanti speċjali,

552
00:27:36,510 --> 00:27:39,030
tassew, li tispeċifika liema
direttorju kurrenti tiegħek huwa.

553
00:27:39,030 --> 00:27:41,320
U hekk li għaddej biex tfittex
fl-direttorju kurrenti tiegħek

554
00:27:41,320 --> 00:27:44,900
għal fajl imsejjaħ cs50.php
f'dan l-eżempju hawn,

555
00:27:44,900 --> 00:27:50,490
u li għaddej biex twaħħal dan il-fajl
fil-quċċata tal-programm PHP tiegħek,

556
00:27:50,490 --> 00:27:56,980
jekk wieħed jassumi li inti tpoġġi l-bżonn
ladarba linja fil-quċċata tal-fajl PHP tiegħek.

557
00:27:56,980 --> 00:28:01,474
>> Allura PHP hija użata primarjament,
iżda mhux esklussivament,

558
00:28:01,474 --> 00:28:03,140
bħala lingwa għall-ipprogrammar web-based.

559
00:28:03,140 --> 00:28:05,270
Li tassew kif beda jiġi.

560
00:28:05,270 --> 00:28:06,980
Iżda huwa sħiħa
lingwa, kif aħna stajt tidher.

561
00:28:06,980 --> 00:28:10,105
Rajna pretty ħafna l-affarijiet kollha
li tista 'tagħmel dan huma simili għal C,

562
00:28:10,105 --> 00:28:13,290
u tista 'tagħmel Heck ta
ħafna aktar minn dak.

563
00:28:13,290 --> 00:28:16,950
>> Iżda għaliex dan huwa lingwa sħiħ u aħna
tista 'tagħmel programmazzjoni linja tal-kmand fiha.

564
00:28:16,950 --> 00:28:18,630
Aħna tista 'taħdem programmi linja ta' kmand.

565
00:28:18,630 --> 00:28:22,580
Kollha li meħtieġa biex tmexxi kmand
programm line li l-miktub fil-PHP

566
00:28:22,580 --> 00:28:24,260
huwa li inti għandek interpretu PHP.

567
00:28:24,260 --> 00:28:27,460
Allura huwa tip ta 'analogi għal
li jkollhom kompilatur fis-sistema tiegħek

568
00:28:27,460 --> 00:28:31,100
jekk inti tixtieq li jikkompilaw kodiċi C tiegħek
biex dan isir fajls eżekutibbli.

569
00:28:31,100 --> 00:28:33,810
Ikollok bżonn li jkollhom interpretu PHP
li teżisti fis-sistema tiegħek

570
00:28:33,810 --> 00:28:37,330
sabiex inti tista 'tinterpreta fajls PHP.

571
00:28:37,330 --> 00:28:40,370
>> Jekk wieħed jassumi inti tagħmel, u normalment
dan interpretu huwa msejjaħ PHP,

572
00:28:40,370 --> 00:28:44,300
u huwa normalment marbuta mal-maġġoranza
downloads jew installazzjonijiet ta PHP

573
00:28:44,300 --> 00:28:47,430
li tista 'tikseb online, u ċertament
l-isem tal-interpretu PHP

574
00:28:47,430 --> 00:28:49,550
għandna fil CS50, IDE.

575
00:28:49,550 --> 00:28:51,819
Kulma għandek tagħmel huwa fajl PHP tip.

576
00:28:51,819 --> 00:28:53,610
U s liema program tiegħek
ser tagħmel hu li huwa

577
00:28:53,610 --> 00:28:55,360
ser tgħaddi minn ġos
l-interpretu, huwa

578
00:28:55,360 --> 00:28:58,040
ser jinjoraw dak kollu li l-
mhux bejn kwistjoni mark--

579
00:28:58,040 --> 00:29:03,160
jew, marka kwistjoni parentesi angolu PHP,
l delimiters PHP, u ipprintjaha,

580
00:29:03,160 --> 00:29:07,660
u se jinterpretaw u jesegwixxi l-
kodiċi ta 'ġewwa tal delimiters PHP tiegħek.

581
00:29:07,660 --> 00:29:12,850
>> Mela ejja pop quddiem għall IDE CS50 u
agħti ħarsa lejn koppja ta 'fajls PHP,

582
00:29:12,850 --> 00:29:19,850
tmexxija ta 'koppja ta' fajls PHP, fil
linja ta 'kmand interface tal IDE CS50.

583
00:29:19,850 --> 00:29:22,100
Allura aħna qegħdin hawn fil IDE CS50,
u stajt ħadet il-libertà

584
00:29:22,100 --> 00:29:25,800
ta jiftħu fajl imsejjaħ hello1.php.

585
00:29:25,800 --> 00:29:29,920
U apparentement, il-kontenut ta 'dan
fajl huma biss l-delimiters PHP hemm,

586
00:29:29,920 --> 00:29:32,220
u fl bejn, eku ("hello, dinja").

587
00:29:32,220 --> 00:29:34,710
Dan huwa programm PHP pretty sempliċi.

588
00:29:34,710 --> 00:29:37,670
Jien biss ser iscroll
tieqa terminal tiegħi hawn,

589
00:29:37,670 --> 00:29:44,320
u jien ser tip PHP
hello1.php, hit jidħol.

590
00:29:44,320 --> 00:29:44,950
Hello dinja.

591
00:29:44,950 --> 00:29:48,110
Li probabbilment dak li konna
jistennew li tagħmel, right?

592
00:29:48,110 --> 00:29:51,140
>> Ejja ħa mmorru u jieħdu
ieħor tħares lejn programm.

593
00:29:51,140 --> 00:29:52,924
hello2.php.

594
00:29:52,924 --> 00:29:55,090
Pjuttost l-istess ħaġa,
mhux ħafna jiġri hawn fuq.

595
00:29:55,090 --> 00:29:57,190
Din id-darba, għalkemm, jien ser pront
l-utent li tagħti me ismijiet tagħhom.

596
00:29:57,190 --> 00:29:59,290
Jien jużaw dik il-funzjoni readline mill-ġdid.

597
00:29:59,290 --> 00:30:01,340
$ isem = readline.

598
00:30:01,340 --> 00:30:03,070
Dik hija l--pront, "X'jismek?"

599
00:30:03,070 --> 00:30:04,880
>> Apparentement Jien istampar
fuq linja tagħha stess.

600
00:30:04,880 --> 00:30:07,220
U mbagħad, sabiex il-linja li hemm isfel
li se jkun fil-pront

601
00:30:07,220 --> 00:30:08,750
fejn l-utent jista 'jidħol isem tagħhom.

602
00:30:08,750 --> 00:30:12,030
U mbagħad jien jużaw ftit ta '
interpellation varjabbli hawn fuq il-linja 3

603
00:30:12,030 --> 00:30:14,780
biex jistampa "Hello" u
ikun x'ikun it-tipi utent.

604
00:30:14,780 --> 00:30:22,040
Allura dan huwa simili għal qal, Hello,
comma,% s kieku konna jużaw printf fil C.

605
00:30:22,040 --> 00:30:24,910
>> Mela ejja go u jinterpretaw dan il-programm.

606
00:30:24,910 --> 00:30:27,400
Għalhekk għal darb'oħra, jien ser iscroll down
tieqa terminal tiegħi.

607
00:30:27,400 --> 00:30:29,070
hello2.php PHP.

608
00:30:29,070 --> 00:30:31,920

609
00:30:31,920 --> 00:30:33,820
X'inhu l-isem tiegħek?

610
00:30:33,820 --> 00:30:35,490
Doug.

611
00:30:35,490 --> 00:30:36,526
Hello, Doug.

612
00:30:36,526 --> 00:30:39,440
Għandi wkoll ieħor
fajl imsejħa hello3.php.

613
00:30:39,440 --> 00:30:42,850
Jien ser ċara tiegħi
iskrin bl Kontroll L,

614
00:30:42,850 --> 00:30:46,210
u jien ser tesegwixxi dan.

615
00:30:46,210 --> 00:30:47,640
X'inhu l-isem tiegħek?

616
00:30:47,640 --> 00:30:49,020
Doug.

617
00:30:49,020 --> 00:30:49,780
Hello, Doug.

618
00:30:49,780 --> 00:30:56,540
Allura l-imġieba hija identika għal
hello2.php, iżda għaliex hi hello3.php?

619
00:30:56,540 --> 00:30:58,040
>> Well, hawn l-differenza.

620
00:30:58,040 --> 00:31:00,620
F'dan il-każ, l-avviż
li fuq il-linja 1 hawn,

621
00:31:00,620 --> 00:31:04,270
Għandi xi ħaġa li mhux
fl bejn il-delimiters PHP.

622
00:31:04,270 --> 00:31:07,760
Jien biss istampar out-- jew I
biss ittajpjat, "X'jismek?"

623
00:31:07,760 --> 00:31:12,060
Meta l-interpretu PHP jara dan,
m'għandha l-ebda idea kif għandha tkun interpretata bħala PHP,

624
00:31:12,060 --> 00:31:15,060
u hekk minflok ta 'nuqqas,
huwa biss se bżiq out.

625
00:31:15,060 --> 00:31:19,010
>> Allura avviż fuq il-linja 3 issa, sejħa tiegħi għal
readline, hemm ebda pront aktar.

626
00:31:19,010 --> 00:31:21,750
Jien biss attwalment għaddejjin to-- meta
l-interpretu PHP jara dan,

627
00:31:21,750 --> 00:31:23,400
li għaddej biex jistampa
"X'jismek?"

628
00:31:23,400 --> 00:31:25,941
Imbagħad jara, oh, OK, here's--
kull ħaġa oħra se tkun

629
00:31:25,941 --> 00:31:29,970
interpretat bħala PHP, hekk
hu għalhekk li din taħdem.

630
00:31:29,970 --> 00:31:34,990
I m'għandhomx neċessarjament pront
l to-- utent ġewwa tal readline,

631
00:31:34,990 --> 00:31:37,490
I tista 'biss jkollhom it barra
mill-delimiters PHP

632
00:31:37,490 --> 00:31:41,490
u jippermettu l-interpretu
għal ftit ipprintjaha għalija.

633
00:31:41,490 --> 00:31:45,364
>> Allura inti ma attwalment biss ikollhom
li jkollhom sett wieħed ta 'delimiters PHP

634
00:31:45,364 --> 00:31:46,030
fil-programm tiegħek.

635
00:31:46,030 --> 00:31:49,887
Inti tista 'attwalment jkollhom diversi minnhom,
ftuħ u għeluq minnhom kif meħtieġ.

636
00:31:49,887 --> 00:31:51,720
Mela ejja tagħti ħarsa
lejn koppja ta 'programmi

637
00:31:51,720 --> 00:31:55,070
fil IDE CS50 fejn aħna
juru din l-idea ta 'wara

638
00:31:55,070 --> 00:31:58,376
settijiet multipli ta 'PHP delimitata.

639
00:31:58,376 --> 00:32:02,010
>> OK, hekk stajt fetħet fajl
hawn imsejjaħ add1.php.

640
00:32:02,010 --> 00:32:03,390
U avviż dak li qed jiġri hawn.

641
00:32:03,390 --> 00:32:08,077
Eżatt bħal qabel, għandi
PHP wieħed sett ta 'delimiters.

642
00:32:08,077 --> 00:32:10,660
Jien ser jistampa l-
messaġġ, "Jekk jogħġbok agħti me numru."

643
00:32:10,660 --> 00:32:13,394
Imbagħad jien ser taqra linja u
jaħżnuh fil-$ varjabbli num1.

644
00:32:13,394 --> 00:32:14,810
Imbagħad jien ser jistampa mill-ġdid.

645
00:32:14,810 --> 00:32:16,310
Agħti me tieni numru.

646
00:32:16,310 --> 00:32:20,450
Aqra linja mill-utent, maħżen
liema jkunu ittajpjat fil fl $ num2.

647
00:32:20,450 --> 00:32:23,980
Żid flimkien u jaħżnu dik
jirriżulta fi varjabbli imsejjaħ $ somma,

648
00:32:23,980 --> 00:32:26,180
u mbagħad jistampa, "Il-
somma ta 'dawn iż-żewġ numri

649
00:32:26,180 --> 00:32:29,254
huwa, "u mbagħad interpellate
hemm il-$ varjabbli somma.

650
00:32:29,254 --> 00:32:31,170
Mela ejja biss run dan
permezz tal-interpretu

651
00:32:31,170 --> 00:32:33,720
biex jikkonferma li dan huwa dak li nistennew.

652
00:32:33,720 --> 00:32:37,540
add1.php PHP.

653
00:32:37,540 --> 00:32:38,665
Jekk jogħġbok agħti me numru, 3.

654
00:32:38,665 --> 00:32:40,410
Jekk jogħġbok agħtini t-tieni numru, 4.

655
00:32:40,410 --> 00:32:43,370
Is-somma ta 'dawn iż-żewġ numri hija ta' 7.

656
00:32:43,370 --> 00:32:45,030
C'est 3 flimkien ma '4.

657
00:32:45,030 --> 00:32:45,530
KOLLOX SEW?

658
00:32:45,530 --> 00:32:47,770
Allura xejn terriblement fancy hemmhekk.

659
00:32:47,770 --> 00:32:51,080
>> U issa ejja jiftħu add2.php.

660
00:32:51,080 --> 00:32:54,460
Hawnhekk, stajt ltqajna koppja ta 'PHP
settijiet delimitata hemm, id-dritt?

661
00:32:54,460 --> 00:32:59,107
Linji 1, 3-- linji 1 u
3 m'għandhom l-ebda delimiters PHP.

662
00:32:59,107 --> 00:33:00,940
Allura meta l-interpretu
jarhom, huwa biss

663
00:33:00,940 --> 00:33:03,220
ser bżiq out eżattament
dak I ittajpjat hemmhekk.

664
00:33:03,220 --> 00:33:05,011
Allura dak fejn jien
tagħmel kollha suġġeriment tiegħi.

665
00:33:05,011 --> 00:33:11,220
Fuq linji 2 u 4, naraw il-ħafna
$ familjari? php tip ta 'delimiters,

666
00:33:11,220 --> 00:33:15,210
hekk dawn iż-żewġ linji huma
ser tesegwixxi bħala PHP.

667
00:33:15,210 --> 00:33:18,270
U mbagħad fuq il-linja 5, I jkollhom din
ħaġa stramb dritt hawn, id-dritt?

668
00:33:18,270 --> 00:33:20,480
Dan bracket angolu
kwistjoni marka sinjal ugwali.

669
00:33:20,480 --> 00:33:22,660
I ser anki zoom ftit aktar.

670
00:33:22,660 --> 00:33:29,270
Tista 'tara dan huwa dak li jien
jitkellem dwar id-dritt hemmhekk, dan $? =.

671
00:33:29,270 --> 00:33:33,420
>> Jirriżulta li huwa tant komuni li
r-raġuni li aħna jiftħu sett ta 'PHP

672
00:33:33,420 --> 00:33:36,055
delimiters huwa li jistampa valur.

673
00:33:36,055 --> 00:33:37,430
U li kollox aħna qed tmur biex tagħmel.

674
00:33:37,430 --> 00:33:39,220
Iżda hemm anke qosor għal dak.

675
00:33:39,220 --> 00:33:46,490
$? = Hija shorthand PHP biex tgħid
xi ħaġa simili $? PHP eku-somma

676
00:33:46,490 --> 00:33:48,350
tal num1 u num2.

677
00:33:48,350 --> 00:33:51,900
Allura dan huwa biss ieħor
shorthand għal dan.

678
00:33:51,900 --> 00:33:55,550
>> Mela jekk I run dan il-programm, add2.php PHP.

679
00:33:55,550 --> 00:33:57,530
I ser zoom isfel ftit.

680
00:33:57,530 --> 00:33:59,000
Jekk jogħġbok agħti me numru, 4.

681
00:33:59,000 --> 00:34:00,350
Jekk jogħġbok agħtini t-tieni numru.

682
00:34:00,350 --> 00:34:04,650
U peress li jien ma verament jimpurtak
tipi ta 'data fil PHP, nista' ngħid 4.8.

683
00:34:04,650 --> 00:34:07,160
Is-somma ta 'dawn iż-żewġ numri hija 8.8.

684
00:34:07,160 --> 00:34:10,179
Dik il-funzjoni iġib ruħu pretty ħafna
eżattament l-istess kif aħna nistennew,

685
00:34:10,179 --> 00:34:10,989
kif ukoll.

686
00:34:10,989 --> 00:34:13,114
And I jkollhom waħda aktar miftuħa
up here imsejħa dice.php.

687
00:34:13,114 --> 00:34:25,625

688
00:34:25,625 --> 00:34:26,250
Ipprova dan mill-ġdid.

689
00:34:26,250 --> 00:34:29,429

690
00:34:29,429 --> 00:34:33,280
Jiena għandi iktar waħda hawn imsejjaħ
dice1.php, li wkoll, ara,

691
00:34:33,280 --> 00:34:37,440
għandha din id-domanda bracket angolu
jimmarkaw notazzjoni sinjal ugwali fil hemm,

692
00:34:37,440 --> 00:34:40,659
iżda tinnota li f'dan il-każ jien
sejħa tal-rand funzjoni, li kif inti

693
00:34:40,659 --> 00:34:42,790
jistenna jiġġenera numru bl-addoċċ.

694
00:34:42,790 --> 00:34:46,889
"You rrumblati," u li għaddej biex
jikkalkulaw xi numru bl-addoċċ, mod 6 +

695
00:34:46,889 --> 00:34:47,389
1.

696
00:34:47,389 --> 00:34:49,989
Allura li ser tagħti me numru
fil-medda bejn 1 u 6.

697
00:34:49,989 --> 00:34:53,040
>> Ftakar li mod 6 jagħtu me
numru fil-medda ta '0 sa 5,

698
00:34:53,040 --> 00:34:56,630
imma jekk jien jissimulaw f'rombli dice,
li huwa dak li qed nagħmel hawn,

699
00:34:56,630 --> 00:35:00,040
Ma rridx dawn dice li tmur minn 0
sa 5, nixtieq dice li jmorru 1-6.

700
00:35:00,040 --> 00:35:02,800
U għalhekk dan huwa mod biex jiksbu
lili fil-medda bejn 1 sa 6.

701
00:35:02,800 --> 00:35:04,720
Jien tagħmel dan darbtejn.

702
00:35:04,720 --> 00:35:08,630
So apparentement I am rolling
żewġ dice f'dan il-programm.

703
00:35:08,630 --> 00:35:15,210
>> So I ser ċara iskrin tiegħi,
u jien ser tagħmel dice1.php PHP.

704
00:35:15,210 --> 00:35:16,640
Inti rrumblati 4 u 2.

705
00:35:16,640 --> 00:35:19,156
U jekk I run-programm
għal darb'oħra, inti rrumblati 5 u 5.

706
00:35:19,156 --> 00:35:21,780
Hekk kull darba I tmexxi l-programm,
Jien jkollna numri differenti,

707
00:35:21,780 --> 00:35:24,280
għaliex kull darba I do
hekk, huwa bidu fuq.

708
00:35:24,280 --> 00:35:27,250
Huwa ser jiġġeneraw ġdida
sett ta 'numri bl-addoċċ għalija.

709
00:35:27,250 --> 00:35:29,790
>> Allura jekk aħna qed jintużaw biex
running programmi minn C,

710
00:35:29,790 --> 00:35:32,520
aħna qed jintużaw biex ittajpjar ./ ​​l
isem ta 'programm, id-dritt?

711
00:35:32,520 --> 00:35:35,090
Li kif aħna ghamilt kollha
ta 'programmi tagħna fis-C s'issa.

712
00:35:35,090 --> 00:35:37,555
Nistgħu nagħmlu dan fil-PHP kif ukoll
billi żżid xi ħaġa imsejħa

713
00:35:37,555 --> 00:35:40,026
a shebang għall-quċċata tal-fajl PHP tagħna.

714
00:35:40,026 --> 00:35:41,400
Naf huwa tip ta 'kelma iblah.

715
00:35:41,400 --> 00:35:44,540
Huwa qasir għall bang hash.

716
00:35:44,540 --> 00:35:46,300
Dik hija l-ewwel żewġ karattri hemmhekk.

717
00:35:46,300 --> 00:35:50,030
Ftakar nitolbu punt exclamation
spiss bang fix-xjenza tal-kompjuter.

718
00:35:50,030 --> 00:35:51,690
Hija wkoll tista 'tkun li bang qawwija.

719
00:35:51,690 --> 00:35:53,273
Hemm modi koppja biex jinterpretaw dan.

720
00:35:53,273 --> 00:35:57,320
Imma hija bażikament tip speċjali
tal kmand li l-interpretu PHP

721
00:35:57,320 --> 00:36:00,160
jifhem kif, oh, I tixtieq
inti teżegwixxi dan il-programm,

722
00:36:00,160 --> 00:36:05,250
li hija apparentement / utent / bin / PHP, li
huwa attwalment fejn l-interpretu PHP

723
00:36:05,250 --> 00:36:08,590
speċifikament ħajjiet fuq is-sistema tagħna.

724
00:36:08,590 --> 00:36:12,530
Allura it's-- dak li jiġri hawn huwa
l-interpretu jifhem, oh,

725
00:36:12,530 --> 00:36:17,270
Jien apparentement suppost għall-użu
f'dan il-programm jiddekorri dan il-fajl.

726
00:36:17,270 --> 00:36:20,010
U għalhekk tippermetti li inti
li skip fuq il-pass

727
00:36:20,010 --> 00:36:22,979
ta 'wara li jgħidu something.php PHP.

728
00:36:22,979 --> 00:36:25,020
Hemm qabda waħda oħra
hawnhekk, li huwa li jekk aħna

729
00:36:25,020 --> 00:36:27,320
tixtieq programmi tagħna għall
xogħol kif mistenni, aħna

730
00:36:27,320 --> 00:36:30,220
bżonn tagħmel xi ħaġa imsejħa
bidla permess fajl.

731
00:36:30,220 --> 00:36:33,380
U aħna ser go-- u nitkellmu ftit
ftit iktar bidliet permess dwar fajl

732
00:36:33,380 --> 00:36:37,550
fil-video tagħna fuq MVC, iżda huwa biżżejjed li jiġi
jgħidu li dan huwa dak li għandek bżonn tagħmel

733
00:36:37,550 --> 00:36:42,760
sabiex jagħmlu tiegħek
fajls PHP eżekutibbli.

734
00:36:42,760 --> 00:36:49,330
Mela ejja tagħti ħarsa lejn dan bħala
Eżempju finali tagħna fuq fil CS50 IDE.

735
00:36:49,330 --> 00:36:53,910
>> Allura hawn fil IDE Għandi żewġ fajls f'dan
Direttorju PHP li jidhru li mhux se

736
00:36:53,910 --> 00:36:55,310
imsejħa PHP.

737
00:36:55,310 --> 00:36:58,170
I jkollhom funzjoni msejħa add--
I jkollhom fajl imsejjaħ ADD3

738
00:36:58,170 --> 00:37:00,650
u fajl imsejjaħ dice2.

739
00:37:00,650 --> 00:37:03,680
Mela ejja tagħti quick
dehra u jiftħu ADD3.

740
00:37:03,680 --> 00:37:08,300
U kif tista 'tara, fil-bidu
tal-fajl tiegħi I jkollhom dan shebang, id-dritt?

741
00:37:08,300 --> 00:37:11,420
Dan il-punt marka hash exclamation.

742
00:37:11,420 --> 00:37:15,115
Issa, inti ser ukoll forsi
Avviż li għal xi raġuni,

743
00:37:15,115 --> 00:37:16,990
Jien m'għandi l-ebda sintassi
tenfasizza aktar,

744
00:37:16,990 --> 00:37:20,198
u dan huwa dak I allużjoni għall qabel,
li kien li jekk jien ma isem fajl tiegħi

745
00:37:20,198 --> 00:37:23,040
PHP, I ma jkollhomx il-benefiċċju
tal sintassi tenfasizza aktar.

746
00:37:23,040 --> 00:37:26,220
Dan il-fajl huwa biss imsejħa ADD3.

747
00:37:26,220 --> 00:37:30,960
B'tali mod li nista run aktar tard
ma ./ ADD3 u mhux ./ add3.php.

748
00:37:30,960 --> 00:37:33,680
>> Allura l-reason-- huwa għadu
multa, huwa għadu PHP valida,

749
00:37:33,680 --> 00:37:37,000
iżda mhux Sintassi enfasizzat, għaliex
dan il-fajl mhijiex ikkontestata something.php.

750
00:37:37,000 --> 00:37:41,580
Dik hija l-unika differenza reali
hawn, flimkien mal-shebang.

751
00:37:41,580 --> 00:37:45,170
Mela ejja ara dak li jiġri meta
Nipprova u run dan il-programm.

752
00:37:45,170 --> 00:37:50,780
./ ADD3, bħad nixtieq ma C. Bash.

753
00:37:50,780 --> 00:37:53,190
./ Permess ADD3 miċħuda.

754
00:37:53,190 --> 00:37:55,390
Dan huwa dak li int ser
biex tara jekk tinsa

755
00:37:55,390 --> 00:37:59,280
li tuża l-kmand chmod għall-bidla
l-permessi tal-fajl.

756
00:37:59,280 --> 00:38:03,845
>> Kif jirriżulta, PHP regolari
fajls tista 'mhux biss jiġu esegwiti.

757
00:38:03,845 --> 00:38:06,970
Dawn jistgħu jiġu interpretati, iżda aħna qed
tagħmel xi ħaġa ftit differenti hawn.

758
00:38:06,970 --> 00:38:07,761
Aħna qed eżekuzzjoni tagħha.

759
00:38:07,761 --> 00:38:12,970
U so I bżonn li jiżdiedu l-permess
ta 'eżekuzzjoni, chmod a + x biex ADD3.

760
00:38:12,970 --> 00:38:15,680
Imbagħad nista 'ngħid ./ ADD3.

761
00:38:15,680 --> 00:38:16,860
Jekk jogħġbok agħti me numru.

762
00:38:16,860 --> 00:38:18,060
5, 6.

763
00:38:18,060 --> 00:38:20,490
Is-somma ta 'dawn iż-żewġ numri hija 11.

764
00:38:20,490 --> 00:38:26,530
>> Bl-istess mod, diġà chmoded
dice2, so I tista 'biss tip ./ dice2,

765
00:38:26,530 --> 00:38:31,260
inti rolled ta '1 u 1, inti
rolled 5 u 4, u l-bqija.

766
00:38:31,260 --> 00:38:33,680
>> Allura dak pjuttost l-
idea ta 'sintassi PHP, right?

767
00:38:33,680 --> 00:38:35,221
Hemm ħafna li tinkiseb permezz, I know.

768
00:38:35,221 --> 00:38:39,160
Iżda nisperaw inti stajt tidher issa li PHP
mhuwiex verament li differenti minn C

769
00:38:39,160 --> 00:38:43,670
u verament tagħtina l-abbiltà
biex jieħdu l-affarijiet up a talja jew tnejn.

770
00:38:43,670 --> 00:38:48,230
Aħna ma tantx ikollhom għalfejn tinkwieta
wisq about-- aħna ma verament

771
00:38:48,230 --> 00:38:51,605
għandekx għalfejn tinkwieta wisq dwar
id-dettalji ta 'livell baxx aħna

772
00:38:51,605 --> 00:38:52,980
kellhom joqogħdu jinkwetaw dwar il-punt C, id-dritt?

773
00:38:52,980 --> 00:38:56,170
Aħna tista 'tiffoka fuq l-ogħla
Jittieħed livell li PHP

774
00:38:56,170 --> 00:39:01,090
jippermetti li jagħmlu u li jieħdu għal
mogħtija li ser jaħdem għalina.

775
00:39:01,090 --> 00:39:04,350
Għalhekk tagħtina l-abbiltà issa,
transizzjonijiet minn C sa PHP,

776
00:39:04,350 --> 00:39:08,280
biex jagħmlu programmi li huma ħafna aktar
kumpless u forsi ħafna aktar robusta.

777
00:39:08,280 --> 00:39:13,070
>> So I hope ikollok ħidma gost
ma PHP, u jien Doug Lloyd.

778
00:39:13,070 --> 00:39:15,050
Dan huwa CS50.

779
00:39:15,050 --> 00:39:17,637