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DOUG LLOYD: Bu video biz gedirik
Transmission Control haqq谋nda dan谋艧maq

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Protokol, TCP.

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Siz izl蓹yib 蓹g蓹r
internet protokol video, IP,

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Bunu ed蓹 bil蓹rsiniz
bu video seyr 蓹vv蓹l

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莽眉nki iki olduqca 蓹laq蓹lidir.

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>> Bel蓹 ki, internet protokol,
yen蓹 tez x眉las蓹,

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ki, protokol var
m蓹lumat h蓹r蓹k蓹t

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bir q蓹bul 眉莽眉n g枚nd蓹rilm蓹si ma艧谋n
艧蓹b蓹k蓹 vasit蓹sil蓹 ma艧谋n.

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>> Bel蓹 ki, TCP n蓹 var?

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Yaln谋z bir g枚nd蓹rilm蓹si h蓹r蓹k蓹t ed蓹rk蓹n
ma艧谋n q蓹bul ma艧谋n,

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Tam hekay蓹 deyil.

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Biz d蓹 proqram bilirik ki,
Bizim komp眉ter, misal 眉莽眉n,

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莽ox proqramlar谋 莽al谋艧an,
v蓹 莽ox xidm蓹tl蓹ri var

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h蓹min ma艧谋n 莽al谋艧an.

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V蓹 bel蓹 ki, biz bir paket almaq ist蓹yirsinizs蓹,
v蓹 ya x眉susi proqram informasiya,

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x眉susi ma艧谋n,
biz daha 莽ox m蓹lumat laz谋md谋r

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IP imkan verir ki, daha us almaq 眉莽眉n
bax谋m谋ndan m蓹lumat B. qeyd etm蓹k

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>> Bel蓹 ki, TCP fikir ola bil蓹r
paket y枚n蓹ldilm蓹si kimi

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d眉zg眉n proqram v蓹 ya d眉zg眉n 眉莽眉n
xidm蓹t, q蓹bul ma艧谋n.

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G眉c kimi, bel蓹 ki, vacibdir
, getm蓹k ehtimal oldu臒u bilm蓹k, g枚zl蓹m蓹k

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v蓹 paket n蓹
eyni zamanda.

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Bel蓹 ki, tez-tez, siz zaman dan谋艧maq
脰t眉r眉lm蓹y蓹 N蓹zar蓹t Protokolu, TCP,

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Siz, h蓹qiq蓹t蓹n, tez-tez e艧itm蓹k
kontekstind蓹, TCP IP do臒ramaq, v蓹 ya yaln谋z TCP / IP.

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Bu iki protokollar bel蓹
ki qar艧谋l谋ql谋, onlar 蓹sas蓹n ist蓹yirik

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vahid kimi m眉alic蓹.

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Lakin onlar iki ayr谋 protokollar
ki, iki ayr谋 艧eyl蓹r.

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>> Yen蓹 IP almaq 眉莽眉n m蓹suliyy蓹t da艧谋y谋r
bir ma艧谋n ba艧qa bu.

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V蓹 TCP 眉莽眉n m蓹suliyy蓹t da艧谋y谋r
d眉zg眉n proqram 蓹ld蓹,

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v蓹 ya bir ma艧谋n d眉zg眉n xidm蓹t.

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V蓹 bir 艧ey yoxdur
IP etmir ki, ba艧qa,

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olan z蓹man蓹t 莽atd谋r谋lmas谋.

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>> Bel蓹 ki, biz indi ne莽蓹 ma艧谋n IP 蓹g蓹r
qondarma port n枚mr蓹si il蓹 m眉raci蓹t,

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v蓹 port n枚mr蓹si nec蓹 bir x眉susi
xidm蓹t, v蓹 ya kommunal v蓹 ya proqram,

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bir ma艧谋n m眉蓹yy蓹n edilir.

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Biz indi bir IP varsa
脺nvan plus bir port n枚mr蓹si,

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indi biz benzersiz m眉蓹yy蓹n ed蓹 bil蓹r
x眉susi xidm蓹t

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x眉susi ma艧谋n 莽al谋艧an.

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>> TCP v蓹 IP var n蓹 ki, var
tez-tez, qar艧谋l谋ql谋

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ki, port say谋, 莽眉nki
枚z h蓹qiq蓹t蓹n deyil

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Bir laz谋md谋r, 蓹g蓹r bir 艧ey dem蓹k
port say谋, v蓹 ma艧谋n

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ki, s枚hb蓹t edirik.

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N蓹 ma艧谋n istifad蓹 眉莽眉n n蓹z蓹rd蓹 tutulur
bu port, misal 眉莽眉n.

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>> TCP kimi, yoxdur, ba艧qa 艧ey
M蓹n 莽atd谋r谋lma z蓹man蓹t bildirib.

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Bel蓹 ki, 蓹lav蓹
port n枚mr蓹sini ifad蓹 ed蓹r蓹k,

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bu da ne莽蓹 g枚st蓹rir
paket, internet protokol, IP,

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daxil data par莽aland谋.

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V蓹 onlar h蓹min paket sifari艧
q蓹bul ed蓹n b蓹rpa oluna bil蓹r

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Onlar da received-- h蓹tta ma艧谋n,
Onlar g枚nd蓹rilib f蓹rqli 眉莽眉n.

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IP 莽眉nki ola bil蓹r ki,
bir connectionless protokoldur,

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v蓹 m眉xt蓹lif paket bil蓹r
sistemi vasit蓹sil蓹 m眉xt蓹lif yollar谋.

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>> Bu port n枚mr蓹l蓹ri b蓹zi
莽ox 莽ox istifad蓹 var,

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v蓹 onlar standart etdik
b眉t眉n komp眉terl蓹r aras谋nda,

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kimi, olduqca 莽ox h蓹r
陌ndi komp眉ter istehsal莽谋s谋d谋r.

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Bel蓹 ki, FTP deyil蓹n bir 艧ey,
fayl 枚t眉r眉lm蓹si protokolu,

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枚t眉rm蓹k 眉莽眉n istifad蓹 olunur
fayllar谋, kimi, g枚zl蓹y蓹 bil蓹r

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, bir ma艧谋n
ki, 艧蓹rti port 21 istifad蓹 edir.

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Email, SMTP, port 25 istifad蓹 edir.

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DNS, Domain Name System, olan biz
Bizim internet astar haqq谋nda dan谋艧d谋

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video, port 53 istifad蓹 edir.

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茝g蓹r g蓹z蓹n edirsinizs蓹
web, siz olduqca 莽ox ist蓹yirik

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h蓹mi艧蓹 halda, port 80 istifad蓹
Siz t蓹hl眉k蓹siz web tarama edirik

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port 443 istifad蓹 ed蓹r蓹k t蓹hl眉k蓹siz web tarama.

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>> Bel蓹 ki, bu TCP / IP proses n蓹dir?

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N蓹, h蓹m d蓹 ba艧
birlikd蓹 bu protokollar谋n?

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Yax艧谋, bu bar蓹d蓹 dan谋艧maq ed蓹k.

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Bir proqram m蓹lumat g枚nd蓹rm蓹k ist蓹yir zaman,
TCP, chunks daxil q谋rmaq k枚m蓹k edir

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v蓹 bu paket 蓹laq蓹
komp眉ter a臒 proqram.

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Bel蓹 ki, m蓹lumat v蓹 edir
onun 蓹traf谋nda m蓹lumat wraps

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n蓹 port g枚st蓹rir
getm蓹k 眉莽眉n n蓹z蓹rd蓹 tutulur,

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v蓹 n蓹 眉莽眉n ki,
paket b眉t眉n deyil.

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Bel蓹 ki, iki paket 10 biri etm蓹k
10, 10 眉莽 v蓹 s.

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>> IP h蓹min data chunks olur ki,
TCP b眉k眉lm眉艧 edilmi艧dir,

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v蓹 haqq谋nda daha 蓹trafl谋 m蓹lumat wraps
harada paket getm蓹k 眉莽眉n n蓹z蓹rd蓹 tutulur.

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Biz bu IP z蓹ng ed蓹 bil蓹r
paket 蓹traf qat.

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Bel蓹 ki, bu kimi sort var
o yuva bebek biridir.

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Biz m蓹lumatlar var
orta, sonra 眉st TCP

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harada izah
TCP edir daxilind蓹 data

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n蓹 port 眉莽眉n, getm蓹k 眉莽眉n n蓹z蓹rd蓹
bir ma艧谋n v蓹 ya n蓹 xidm蓹t.

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Ki, 蓹traf谋nda IP qat谋d谋r.

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N蓹 IP 眉nvan, n蓹 ma艧谋n,
蓹slind蓹 bu olur.

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>> Bel蓹likl蓹, ki, paket olmu艧dur
b眉t眉n bu qat b眉k眉lm眉艧,

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陌nternet protokolu vasit蓹sil蓹 g枚nd蓹rilir
mar艧rutla艧d谋r谋c谋lar谋 sistemi vasit蓹sil蓹 蓹ld蓹

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bax谋m谋ndan point B. zaman
ma艧谋n, v蓹 ya cihaz q蓹bul olur

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bu, IP bax谋r
qat, bu Yup ki, deyir

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M蓹nim IP 眉nvan, bel蓹 ki, davam edir
off, sort 莽atlar yumurta,

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v蓹 IP qat off edir.

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Sonra oldu臒unu g枚r眉r
bir TCP qat, v蓹 deyir,

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Bu kimi OK, g枚r眉n眉r
port x, v蓹 ya port y gedir.

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V蓹 y蓹qin ki, var
paket say谋 15 s蓹kkiz.

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Bel蓹 ki, bilm蓹k yax艧谋.

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Bel蓹 ki, o m蓹lumat ala bil蓹rsiniz,
陌ndi TCP qat 莽谋xarmaq,

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Bu port x var ki, bilm蓹d蓹n,
v蓹 bu paket say谋 s蓹kkiz var

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v蓹 daxili data almaq.

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V蓹 bu m蓹lumat haz谋rlamaq bil蓹r
d眉zg眉n 艧蓹kild蓹 t蓹艧kil olunacaq.

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V蓹 b眉t眉n bir d蓹f蓹
data q蓹bul, TCP

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d眉zg眉n onu 蓹l bil蓹r
xidm蓹t, v蓹 dem蓹k, burada siz gedin.

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00:05:13,990 --> 00:05:16,107
Burada q蓹bul data var.

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Ki, proses ola bil蓹r
bu kimi bir 艧ey.

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Bel蓹 ki, bir e-po莽t g枚nd蓹rm蓹k imkan
bir al谋c谋 眉莽眉n g枚nd蓹r蓹n.

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V蓹 bu dey蓹k
e-po莽t, olduqca ki莽ik

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bel蓹 ki, biz yaln谋z onu q谋rmaq laz谋md谋r
D枚rd paket, v蓹 biz onlar谋 A z蓹ng ed蓹c蓹yik,

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B, C, v蓹 D. B蓹li, biz h蓹r蓹k蓹t etm蓹k ist蓹yir蓹m
n蓹 ilk paket?

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00:05:29,460 --> 00:05:34,491
Yax艧谋, biz veri ki, y谋臒谋n almaq,
paket A hiss蓹sidir data,

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v蓹 蓹traf谋nda gedirik
bir TCP t蓹b蓹q蓹 il蓹 kesmek 眉莽眉n.

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00:05:38,500 --> 00:05:41,670
E-po莽t, siz geri bil蓹r
liman谋ndan 25 vasit蓹sil蓹 g枚nd蓹rilir,

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v蓹 biz m蓹lumatlar谋n d枚rd chunks var,
Burada biz istifad蓹 olacaq ki,

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v蓹 bu, onlara ilk.

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Bel蓹 ki, b蓹lk蓹 bizim TCP qat var
m蓹lumat yax艧谋, biz ist蓹yirik, haqq谋nda

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liman谋na 25 gedir v蓹 bu,
paket say谋 d枚rd biridir.

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>> Ki, 蓹traf谋nda, bel蓹 ki, indi biz b眉t眉n var ki,
m蓹lumat birlikd蓹 hediye

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Biz ist蓹diyiniz dem蓹k olacaq
getm蓹k 眉莽眉n n蓹 ma艧谋n, n蓹 IP 眉nvan谋

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00:06:03,000 --> 00:06:04,910
bu paket almaq 眉莽眉n n蓹z蓹rd蓹 tutulur.

116
00:06:04,910 --> 00:06:06,604
V蓹 IP qat hiss蓹si.

117
00:06:06,604 --> 00:06:08,770
V蓹 dig蓹r m蓹lumatlar var
Orada h蓹m莽inin, bel蓹

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00:06:08,770 --> 00:06:11,300
qaytar谋lmas谋 眉nvan kimi
hal bir 艧ey yanl谋艧 gedir

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g枚nd蓹rm蓹k 眉莽眉n harada bilir
m蓹lumat geri, v蓹 s.

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00:06:14,390 --> 00:06:16,475
>> Amma IP qat gedir
ki, b眉t眉n 蓹traf谋nda.

121
00:06:16,475 --> 00:06:19,860
Ki, b眉t眉n 艧ey paketlenmi艧tir
birlikd蓹, b枚y眉k bir vahid kimi,

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00:06:19,860 --> 00:06:22,080
v蓹 IP transfer vasit蓹sil蓹 g枚nd蓹ril蓹c蓹k.

123
00:06:22,080 --> 00:06:26,180
Bel蓹 ki, router vasit蓹sil蓹 g枚t眉r蓹 olur
艧蓹b蓹k蓹, internet protokolu istifad蓹 ed蓹r蓹k.

124
00:06:26,180 --> 00:06:28,700
V蓹 q蓹buledici q蓹bul
b眉t眉n 艧ey.

125
00:06:28,700 --> 00:06:31,910
V蓹 sonra ba艧laya bil蓹rsiniz
burada neler aradan g枚t眉r眉lm蓹si.

126
00:06:31,910 --> 00:06:36,030
Bu IP qat bax谋r,
Bu data k蓹narda qat,

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00:06:36,030 --> 00:06:38,560
v蓹 yep ki, m蓹nim IP var, deyir
脺nvan bel蓹 ki, imtina ed蓹 bil蓹r.

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00:06:38,560 --> 00:06:40,685
M蓹n c眉r onu iqnor ed蓹 bil蓹r,
art谋q laz谋m deyil,

129
00:06:40,685 --> 00:06:42,480
v蓹 bir s蓹viyy蓹d蓹 daha d蓹rin baxmaq olar.

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OK, bu veri ki, g枚r眉r ki,
port 25-d蓹 q蓹bul 眉莽眉n n蓹z蓹rd蓹 tutulub.

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00:06:47,590 --> 00:06:50,560
Bu y蓹qin d枚rd birinci hiss蓹si.

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Bel蓹 ki, m蓹n ki, saxlamaq 眉莽眉n gedir蓹m
a臒la, v蓹 data baxmaq,

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00:06:54,260 --> 00:06:57,349
v蓹 t蓹xmin蓹n harada slot
M蓹n getm蓹k olacaq edir蓹m.

134
00:06:57,349 --> 00:07:00,140
陌ndi, 莽眉nki internet protokol
m眉tl蓹q bel蓹 deyil

135
00:07:00,140 --> 00:07:03,442
ki, n枚vb蓹ti paket
al谋c谋 olur paket iki.

136
00:07:03,442 --> 00:07:05,150
茝slind蓹, n枚vb蓹ti
艧ey al谋c谋 olur

137
00:07:05,150 --> 00:07:08,230
paket say谋 ola bil蓹r
眉莽 bu paket 莽眉nki

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00:07:08,230 --> 00:07:11,777
莽眉nki m眉xt蓹lif yollar谋 etdi
艧蓹b蓹k蓹 m眉xt蓹lif yol.

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00:07:11,777 --> 00:07:14,360
Bel蓹likl蓹, m蓹n getm蓹k fikrind蓹 deyil蓹m
bu bina diaqram vasit蓹sil蓹

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00:07:14,360 --> 00:07:17,560
yenid蓹n, lakin paket 眉莽
h蓹r蓹k蓹t 眉z l眉t olur

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00:07:17,560 --> 00:07:20,410
onun qat b眉t眉n,
IP qat, TCP qat,

142
00:07:20,410 --> 00:07:22,420
v蓹 m蓹lumat sa臒 spot qoymaq olur.

143
00:07:22,420 --> 00:07:25,200
V蓹 sonra, onu dey蓹k
paket d枚rd al谋r.

144
00:07:25,200 --> 00:07:29,290
>> 陌ndi ki, var, dem蓹k buna imkan
bir daha m蓹lumat almaq deyil.

145
00:07:29,290 --> 00:07:30,300
N蓹 olacaq?

146
00:07:30,300 --> 00:07:32,110
IP bizim 眉莽眉n bir 艧ey deyil.

147
00:07:32,110 --> 00:07:33,260
Amma TCP yoxdur.

148
00:07:33,260 --> 00:07:38,250
TCP yax艧谋, m蓹n bir q蓹bul etdik, bilir
d枚rd, d枚rd, 眉莽 v蓹 d枚rd d枚rd.

149
00:07:38,250 --> 00:07:41,100
M蓹n bir daha m蓹lumat almaq deyil蓹m.

150
00:07:41,100 --> 00:07:43,770
Bel蓹 ki, bir 艧ey yanl谋艧 ke莽mi艧dir.

151
00:07:43,770 --> 00:07:45,050
Amma 莽atd谋r谋lmas谋 t蓹min ed蓹 bil蓹r.

152
00:07:45,050 --> 00:07:49,300
Hesab edir蓹m ki, paket bilir蓹m
say谋 iki yoxdur.

153
00:07:49,300 --> 00:07:52,470
V蓹 bel蓹 TCP indi t蓹l蓹b ed蓹 bil蓹r,
sort, 蓹ks istiqam蓹td蓹.

154
00:07:52,470 --> 00:07:55,170
Onun t蓹l蓹bi up komplektl蓹艧dirilm蓹sin蓹
莽ox eyni 艧蓹kild蓹,

155
00:07:55,170 --> 00:07:57,230
v蓹 IP vasit蓹sil蓹 g枚nd蓹rilm蓹si,
ki, bilir蓹m, ola bil蓹r

156
00:07:57,230 --> 00:08:00,880
sonsuz loop bir n枚v s蓹b蓹b
ham谋 yolda paket d眉艧m蓹.

157
00:08:00,880 --> 00:08:05,580
>> Amma ki, TCP dem蓹k kifay蓹tdir
M蓹n bir paket itkin al谋ram, deyir.

158
00:08:05,580 --> 00:08:08,670
M蓹n m蓹lumat g枚nd蓹rm蓹k laz谋md谋r
geri g枚nd蓹r蓹n.

159
00:08:08,670 --> 00:08:12,025
Xo艧b蓹xtlikd蓹n g枚nd蓹r蓹n IP 眉nvan, var
sort, IP qat q蓹d蓹r hediye.

160
00:08:12,025 --> 00:08:15,780
Bu qaytar谋lmas谋 var of-- Bu hiss蓹si
z蓹rfin 眉z蓹rind蓹 莽谋x谋艧.

161
00:08:15,780 --> 00:08:18,800
M蓹n paket say谋 itkin al谋ram dem蓹k
iki, siz onu yenid蓹n edin bil蓹r.

162
00:08:18,800 --> 00:08:20,550
Zaman g枚nd蓹r蓹n q蓹bul
ki, informasiya,

163
00:08:20,550 --> 00:08:22,599
Bu g枚nd蓹rm蓹k yoxdur
B眉t眉n e-po莽t yenid蓹n.

164
00:08:22,599 --> 00:08:25,390
Bu, yaln谋z f蓹rdi g枚nd蓹rm蓹k laz谋md谋r
bu par莽a itkin ki,

165
00:08:25,390 --> 00:08:27,590
bel蓹 ki, biz paket say谋 iki g枚nd蓹r蓹 bil蓹r.

166
00:08:27,590 --> 00:08:32,610
Bu olur zaman, indi TCP deyir
M蓹n data b眉t眉n d枚rd 蓹d蓹d var

167
00:08:32,610 --> 00:08:34,100
M蓹n laz谋md谋r.

168
00:08:34,100 --> 00:08:39,590
Bel蓹 ki, m蓹n onlara birlikd蓹 topla艧maq ed蓹 bil蓹rsiniz
m蓹lumat bu b眉t眉n blok etm蓹k

169
00:08:39,590 --> 00:08:44,169
v蓹 port 25 birlikd蓹 ke莽m蓹k
bir e-po莽t kimi t蓹fsir olunacaq.

170
00:08:44,169 --> 00:08:47,010
V蓹 biz bu 艧蓹kild蓹 that--
陌ndi g枚nd蓹r蓹n bir e-po莽t g枚nd蓹rm蓹k

171
00:08:47,010 --> 00:08:49,273
TCP / IP istifad蓹 ed蓹r蓹k al谋c谋 眉莽眉n.

172
00:08:49,273 --> 00:08:51,430

173
00:08:51,430 --> 00:08:54,180
Bel蓹 ki, m蓹n dediyim kimi h蓹r hans谋 bir anda 蓹g蓹r
yol boyunca bir 艧ey yanl谋艧 getdi

174
00:08:54,180 --> 00:08:56,600
TCP il蓹 m蓹艧臒ul ola bil蓹r.

175
00:08:56,600 --> 00:09:00,010
Bu t蓹l蓹b ed蓹 bil蓹r ki,
m蓹lumat geri g枚nd蓹ril蓹n olur.

176
00:09:00,010 --> 00:09:01,840
V蓹 bu mesaj谋 yenid蓹n bil蓹r.

177
00:09:01,840 --> 00:09:05,090
V蓹 bu mesaj谋 yenid蓹n bir d蓹f蓹
b眉t眉n paket onu q蓹bul edir,

178
00:09:05,090 --> 00:09:10,350
sonra onlar谋 t蓹艧kil ed蓹 bil蓹r v蓹
d眉zg眉n xidm蓹t verm蓹k.

179
00:09:10,350 --> 00:09:11,990
>> Bel蓹 ki, 枚zetle TCP var.

180
00:09:11,990 --> 00:09:14,550
Y蓹ni biz z蓹man蓹t nec蓹
m蓹lumat 莽atd谋r谋lmas谋.

181
00:09:14,550 --> 00:09:16,540
TCP saxla
tez-tez IP il蓹 i艧l蓹yir,

182
00:09:16,540 --> 00:09:18,990
bel蓹 ki, bu iki protokol
h蓹qiq蓹t蓹n 蓹l-蓹l蓹 getm蓹k yoxdur.

183
00:09:18,990 --> 00:09:22,160
Biz bir ne莽蓹 video onlar谋 m眉zakir蓹
burada onlar f蓹rqli 艧eyl蓹r 莽眉nki,

184
00:09:22,160 --> 00:09:26,190
lakin onlar, bel蓹 ki, qar艧谋l谋ql谋 ist蓹yirik
Siz ad蓹t蓹n onlara birlikd蓹 istifad蓹 ed蓹c蓹yik.

185
00:09:26,190 --> 00:09:27,150
>> M蓹n Doug Lloyd edir蓹m.

186
00:09:27,150 --> 00:09:29,160
Bu CS50 edir.

187
00:09:29,160 --> 00:09:31,233