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>> SAM LEVATICH: Karibu
sehemu kwa ajili ya wiki hii.

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Sina Andi.

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Andi imeshuka wagonjwa leo, na mimi
wamekuwa aina ya kuitwa katika dakika ya mwisho

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kuchukua juu.

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Ni msimu mafua, ili kuhakikisha kwamba
wanakaa safi, kuosha mikono yako,

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na kula afya ili
wewe pia si kitandani.

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>> Lakini bila zaidi
wasiwasi, hebu kuanza.

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Leo, sisi ni kwenda kuzungumza
kuhusu PHP kidogo bit-- jinsi

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PHP inahusiana na HTML, jinsi
inahusiana na CSS, na baadhi ya mtandao

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mambo alifanya juu ya zoezi la mwisho.

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Sisi ni kwenda kuzungumza
kidogo kuhusu SQL

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na jinsi gani unaweza kufanya kazi na database,
ambayo ni sehemu pretty muhimu ya P

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kuweka 8-- P kuweka 7.

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P kuweka 7.

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>> Na kisha sisi ni kwenda kuzungumza kidogo
kidogo kuhusu jinsi mtazamo controllers kazi

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na kwa nini hiyo ni falsafa nyuma baadhi
kurasa mtandao wa kisasa na kubuni mbalimbali.

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Pretty sana mengi ya aina ya programu
na maombi unaweza meli

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wanatumia mtindo huu,
mtazamo mtawala mfumo,

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kwamba utakuwa na kutumia
P kuweka 7, hivyo mimi itabidi

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kuzungumza kidogo
kuhusu nini hiyo kuwa

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maarufu, kwa nini ni muhimu na nzuri.

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Na kisha mimi itabidi hatimaye kuendelea na
baadhi ya vidokezo juu ya kukabiliana na P kuweka 7.

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Na kama tuna muda
kushoto juu mwishoni,

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sisi kweli unaweza kufanya baadhi
kazi ya kwamba pamoja.

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>> Hivyo, PHP.

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Kwa kweli, unaweza kuwa niliona Haya
wewe si kweli kuwa kupiga mbizi katika it--

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lakini P kuweka 6 na baadhi PHP
kificho kwamba kinachoendelea.

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Na kwa sababu PHP ni C-kama
lugha, PHP, tofauti na HTML na CSS,

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ni lugha ya programu,
ambapo HTML na CSS ni tuli.

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Wao ni lugha ghafi kushughulika
kwa mtindo na kwa mpangilio Visual.

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PHP ni mpango halisi.

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>> PHP ina mizunguko, ina conditions--
mambo ambayo yote hiyo ni furaha kuhusu C.

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Ina mambo machache ambayo ni kidogo
kidogo bora kuliko C, ambayo tutaweza kuona,

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lakini nadhani njia rahisi kuzungumza
kuhusu PHP ni kupiga mbizi katika.

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Hivyo mimi nina kwenda kulia
ndani ya IDE katika hatua hii.

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Jambo la kwanza tunakwenda
kufanya ni kweli kuangalia

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kidogo katika baadhi ya
PHP kificho kwamba alikuwa katika P kuweka 6.

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Hivyo njia kwamba sisi kufanya that--
kabla, kwa njia hiyo sisi walikuwa wanakimbia

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server kwa appliance
ni kwamba tunataka kuwa na type--

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ama kutumia utekelezaji yako
au utekelezaji wafanyakazi wa

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ya server.c kwa kwenda katika saraka
na kukimbia server.c na ama hakuna

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arguments-- hivyo tu kuiita juu ya
jeshi mitaa, ambayo ni nini pengine

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alifanya zaidi ya time--
na kisha kulisha yake

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saraka kwa
ambayo kutumia kama mzizi wake

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ambapo tovuti ingekuwa
kuwa kukimbia, kimsingi.

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>> Wiki hii kwa P kuweka 7, kama
kubwa kama kanuni yetu kwa server.c

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ni, kuna watu ambao tayari
Imeandikwa hayo faini juu katika CS50

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ambazo zina kidogo
utendaji zaidi,

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server programu ambayo ni uwezo
ya kushughulika na zaidi kidogo

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ya ugumu kwamba tutaweza
ona katika wote P kuweka 7 na P kuweka 8.

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Na kwa njia hiyo wewe kuanzisha
server ni kwa kuandika tu, "apache50."

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>> Na kabla ya kufanya kitu chochote,
wewe unataka kuhakikisha

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kwamba Apache 50 sio
tayari mbio kama ilivyo

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juu ya mashine yangu, ambayo mimi mtihani.

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Na unaweza kufanya hivyo kwa kupiga apache50.

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Kuacha, na utaona kwamba ni kuacha
mtandao wa kompyuta, kama unaweza kuangalia huko

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chini ya dirisha wastaafu.

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Na kisha tu kuanza, tuko
kwenda kuwaita, "apache50 kuanza."

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Na kisha tunakwenda
kulisha ni directory.

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>> Sasa, kwa sababu tunataka kuangalia
baadhi ya P kuweka 6 kificho

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kuwa tulikuwa kutekelezwa, mimi kwa kweli
kunakiliwa kidogo ya P

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kuweka 6 kificho katika folder yangu mwenyewe,
ambayo unaweza kuona upande wa kushoto huko.

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Ni wito "SECTION8"
katika barua zote mtaji

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kwa sababu mimi nina tu hivyo msisimko
kuwa kuishi-streamed leo.

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>> Hivyo kama sisi kukimbia hii, ni lazima
wote kufanya kazi kwa pretty ufanisi.

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Inasema, sawa, tovuti yetu ni sasa
inapatikana kwa anwani ya IDE,

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kimsingi, ambayo ni nini ungekuwa kutumia
hasa kama ilivyokuwa katika P kuweka 7-- P kuweka 6.

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Bahati yangu yote ni ripoti moja leo.

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Ili tuweze kwenda kuwa
mitaani, kama wewe utakuwa kumbuka,

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na tu kubonyeza hii ndogo
kifungo katika haki juu.

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>> Na wewe utakuwa kukumbuka kanuni hii, ambayo
kilichotokea wakati waliingia ndani ya hello.php.

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Na nini kificho imeundwa
kufanya ni wakati typed katika jina

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here-- kama wewe kusema Sam
kwa sababu hiyo ni name-- yangu

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na mimi bonyeza Sema Hello, wakati
tulikwenda ukurasa wa pili,

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jina kwamba ilitakiwa kuonyeshwa.

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Ni kusema, "Habari, Sam"
au "Habari," jina chochote

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kuweka ndani yake hata kama tulikwenda
kwa mpya kabisa mtandao ukurasa.

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>> Na hii ni aina ya kitu
kwamba PHP anaweza kufanya kwa ajili yenu.

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PHP ni uwezo wa kupita data
kati ya kurasa mbili za mtandao.

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Hii ni ukurasa tofauti kabisa.

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Utaona cheo ni "hello" hapa.

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Kwa kweli, wana
cheo hicho, lakini mimi

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ahadi wao ni tofauti mtandao
kurasa kama sisi kuangalia chanzo.

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Na unaweza kupita data hiyo ni
aliingia katika uwanja huu maandishi,

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wewe kuwasilisha kwa ijayo
ukurasa hiyo kuwa aitwaye up,

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na kisha takwimu ambazo ni uwezo wa
kuwa huko katika hali yake ya sasa.

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>> Sasa sisi bado kutekelezwa
huu wenyewe, ambayo

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ni nini tunakwenda kufanya hivi sasa kwa
aina kupata ladha kwa jinsi PHP kazi,

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lakini wazo la msingi ni kwamba PHP-- unaweza
aina ya kufikiria ni kama kazi.

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Kitu ambacho PHP unaweza basi wewe
Je, ni inaweza kuchukua vigezo

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kwamba mchango katika ukurasa HTML
njia ya matumizi ya PHP na fomu,

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na inaweza kupita wale kama vigezo
ukurasa wa pili kwamba ni mizigo juu.

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>> Katika kesi hiyo, sisi ni upakiaji up hii
ukurasa na "Kusema hello" kifungo.

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Lakini kwa sasa, mimi kwa kweli
kufutwa baadhi ya kwamba kanuni

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katika hello.php kwamba ilikuwa kuwa kukimbia
kwamba kweli alikuwa kuonyesha "hello,

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dunia "au" hello, Sam "au
"hello," chochote kilichokuwa pembejeo tu.

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Hivyo kwa sasa hivi, tuko
kwenda kufanya hivyo, kimsingi.

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Tunakwenda recreate kwamba na
pia kuongeza baadhi ya utendaji zaidi,

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kufanya kidogo zaidi na hayo, angalia
nini PHP ni kweli uwezo wa.

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>> Hivyo kwanza, hebu majadiliano juu ya
faili hili, hello.php.

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Hivyo kama sisi kuvuta
kidogo bit-- na sasa mimi nina

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aina ya kujaribu kitabu zote
njia around-- kuna sisi kwenda.

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Utaona ni kuitwa
hello.php, lakini syntax yake

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Inaonekana kama faili HTML.

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Hii ni kwa sababu
PHP halisi katika faili hii

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yote ni kukwama kati ya hizi
swali alama-kareti vitalu.

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Kila kitu hapa hapa
ni kuchukuliwa kanuni PHP.

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>> Na utasikia taarifa kwamba
wakati mimi kutoa maoni,

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utaona ukoo
mbili mbele mikwaju.

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Na kama wewe utakuwa kukumbuka, katika
HTML, kama mimi aina ya maoni,

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inaonekana kitu karibu na
hii, ambayo ni maoni katika HTML.

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Hivyo kweli kila kitu kati ya
hizi mabano angle mbili

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sasa PHP code, ambayo
ni yalijitokeza katika ukweli

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kwamba hii ndogo maoni ishara
yamegeuka maoni.

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>> Hivyo kila wakati kuandika kanuni PHP, hata
kama hakuna kificho HTML nje ya hiyo,

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ni daima itakuwa
iliyoambatanishwa katika mabano haya angle

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na alama ya kuuliza.

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Unaweza aina ya kufikiri juu it-- jinsi zote
wa kanuni kwamba mbio katika mipango yako C

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ilikuwa iliyoambatanishwa katika int kuu, batili,
brace curly, mwisho brace curly kauli.

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Na utaona braces curly katika
PHP, pia, lakini hii ni aina ya

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kama njia kuu ya PHP.

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>> Hivyo sasa, ni jinsi gani sisi kufanya kitu chochote katika PHP?

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Sasa, PHP ni programu
Lugha hiyo ni sana C-kama,

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lakini kazi kwenye mtandao.

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Hivyo suala moja ambalo
wewe utakuwa immediately-- moja

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ya mambo ya kwanza kweli alifanya kwa
C alikuwa wewe kuchapishwa mambo nje, sawa?

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Hivyo katika C sisi alifanya hivyo
kwa printf kazi.

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Sisi akampa kamba,
pengine kwa mstari mpya,

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na kisha sisi kuachishwa
kwa semicolon.

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>> Hivyo njia kwamba tunakwenda kufanya hivyo
katika PHP-- kwa sababu si printf kabisa.

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Ni kidogo ya syntax tofauti.

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Njia ambayo sisi magazeti mambo ya nje
katika PHP ni tunasema, "echo hodi"

134
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au "echo" neno lolote.

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Na kwamba ina athari ya kufanya
printf kwa kamba, "hello."

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Na inaongeza mstari mpya kwa hilo.

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>> Basi hebu sasa hivi kufanya sure--
Mimi itabidi zoom nje kidogo tena bit--

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hebu kuhakikisha kwamba
kwamba kanuni ni kazi

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kwa sababu nguvu huko sana
vizuri kuwa mdudu katika kanuni hii

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kwamba tutakuwa na kukabiliana na.

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Hivyo server tayari mbio.

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Hivyo kama sisi kitabu nyuma chini kwa chini,
yup, server bado mbio.

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Hivyo kama sisi tu bomba kwenye hii
kidogo haki here--

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welcome-- tunapaswa get-- kubwa.

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>> Sisi bado ni kuwa na
ukoo "Kusema hello" mazungumzo,

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lakini wakati mimi aina katika "hi," tutaona
kwamba maandishi "hello" kweli alikuwa

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kuchapishwa, ambayo ni hasa kama
sisi inatarajiwa kwa sababu echo katika PHP

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ni kama kauli printf.

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Hivyo nyuma na kanuni, jinsi katika P kuweka 6 alivyofanya
kificho usambazaji wewe ni zinazotolewa

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kufanya hivyo ili PHP ingekuwa
pato kitu kwamba

151
00:09:05,920 --> 00:09:07,920
typed katika juu ya screen ya awali?

152
00:09:07,920 --> 00:09:10,350
>> Na kwa namna ya kuchunguza
nini kinachotokea, tuko

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00:09:10,350 --> 00:09:15,510
kwenda katika index.html, ambayo
ni faili ya awali, kwamba faili

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inaonyesha juu ya screen hii
na "Kusema hello" kifungo.

155
00:09:18,710 --> 00:09:20,950
Wewe taarifa kwamba kuna
mambo yote classic

156
00:09:20,950 --> 00:09:26,910
tumekuwa kuja wanatarajia kutoka HTML kama
kama mambo haya, haya vitambulisho iliyoambatanishwa

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katika mabano angle, kama PHP
lakini bila alama ya kuuliza,

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ambayo inaonyesha jambo maalum kwa HTML.

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Tuna cheo, ambayo ni "hello."

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00:09:36,895 --> 00:09:41,010
Na utasikia taarifa kwamba kama tuliona,
cheo ni "hello" katika kesi zote mbili.

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Hebu kubadili hali hii moja
na "kusema" hivyo tu sisi

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wanaweza kutofautisha wenyewe tulipo.

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00:09:48,170 --> 00:09:49,600
>> Lakini sisi tumepewa mwili.

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Na kisha kuvutia kidogo,
kidogo kwamba inaonyesha juu katika HTML,

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ni hili kipengele fomu.

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Na hivyo sisi tumepewa fomu.

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Na hii ni muhimu.

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00:09:58,330 --> 00:10:00,530
Hii ni jinsi sisi ni kufanya kazi na PHP.

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00:10:00,530 --> 00:10:05,790
Parameter hatua ya
aina anasema kwamba hello.php

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ni nini tunakwenda kupeleka
maadili katika fomu hii.

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Hii ni pale ambapo sisi ni kupita
vigezo, hivyo kusema.

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00:10:13,830 --> 00:10:18,680
>> Utagundua kitu kingine hapa
ni kwamba mbinu ni "kupata."

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Kuna mambo mawili ya msingi
mbinu ambayo itakuwa

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00:10:24,450 --> 00:10:28,750
kuwa kutumia PHP kupita data
kati ya kurasa websites-- mtandao,

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rather-- katika zoezi hili.

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Na mbinu hizo ni "kupata" na "baada."

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Kuna baadhi ya hila
tofauti kati ya kupata na baada

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kwamba tutapata into-- sisi
itakuwa "kupata" katika, kama wewe.

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>> Lakini kwa makusudi na
madhumuni, kupata na baada

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ni wawili njia tu kwamba
kupita vigezo

181
00:10:47,120 --> 00:10:49,500
kwa kunyonga tofauti kidogo.

182
00:10:49,500 --> 00:10:53,500
Kwa sasa, sisi ni kwenda kutumia kupata kwa sababu
kupata ilikuwa ni nini ilitumika awali

183
00:10:53,500 --> 00:10:57,340
katika PHP faili la P kuweka 6.

184
00:10:57,340 --> 00:11:00,850
Na kwa kweli, kama tukienda katika na kuangalia
kabla tumekuwa mwisho kitu kingine chochote,

185
00:11:00,850 --> 00:11:03,090
Mimi nina kwenda kusema hi
to-- nini jina lako?

186
00:11:03,090 --> 00:11:03,812
>> Watazamaji: Elliot.

187
00:11:03,812 --> 00:11:04,770
SAM LEVATICH: Oh, gosh.

188
00:11:04,770 --> 00:11:05,600
Sijui jinsi ya Spell kwamba.

189
00:11:05,600 --> 00:11:06,766
Je, unaweza Spell kwamba kwa ajili yangu?

190
00:11:06,766 --> 00:11:08,710
Watazamaji: E-L-L-I-O-T.

191
00:11:08,710 --> 00:11:09,720
>> SAM LEVATICH: I-O-T?

192
00:11:09,720 --> 00:11:10,440
>> Watazamaji: Naam.

193
00:11:10,440 --> 00:11:10,960
>> SAM LEVATICH: Perfect.

194
00:11:10,960 --> 00:11:11,210
SAWA.

195
00:11:11,210 --> 00:11:12,751
Nadhani mimi kujua jinsi ya Spell kwamba.

196
00:11:12,751 --> 00:11:13,510
Pole juu ya hilo.

197
00:11:13,510 --> 00:11:16,560
Na tukisema "Sema hello," siyo
si kwenda show up kwenye screen

198
00:11:16,560 --> 00:11:18,476
lakini, kwa sababu sisi iliyopita
kificho kidogo.

199
00:11:18,476 --> 00:11:21,290
Lakini kama hatuwezi "Kusema hello" -
OK, hivyo "hello" ni hapa.

200
00:11:21,290 --> 00:11:24,137
Lakini kama sisi kuchukua karibu
angalia URL yenyewe,

201
00:11:24,137 --> 00:11:26,220
tutaweza kuona kwamba ni mwisho
na hello.php? jina = Elliot.

202
00:11:26,220 --> 00:11:30,980

203
00:11:30,980 --> 00:11:37,180
>> Hivyo, hii ni njia ya
kuwasiliana na ijayo mtandao ukurasa

204
00:11:37,180 --> 00:11:39,240
vigezo kwamba tumekuwa kupita.

205
00:11:39,240 --> 00:11:40,870
Tulisema jina = Elliot.

206
00:11:40,870 --> 00:11:46,290
Na hiyo ndiyo hatimaye jinsi P kuweka 6
kupatikana kutofautiana kwamba sisi kupita katika

207
00:11:46,290 --> 00:11:47,520
kupitia fomu.

208
00:11:47,520 --> 00:11:51,470
Na hii ni kitu ambacho
ni pekee kwa kupata ombi.

209
00:11:51,470 --> 00:11:57,480
Ombi get hufanya vigezo
inayojulikana katika URL ya tovuti.

210
00:11:57,480 --> 00:12:01,190
>> Na wewe utakuwa kukumbuka, pia,
P kuweka 6 kuwa wewe

211
00:12:01,190 --> 00:12:04,450
alikuwa na kuandika kazi
kuwa kushughulikiwa na ukweli

212
00:12:04,450 --> 00:12:09,700
kwamba kamba hii swala
inaweza kuwepo baada faili.

213
00:12:09,700 --> 00:12:14,684
Kuna inaweza kuwa alama swali ikifuatiwa
na kimsingi idadi yoyote ya wahusika.

214
00:12:14,684 --> 00:12:16,350
Na kwamba ni nini hasa kinaendelea hapa.

215
00:12:16,350 --> 00:12:21,280
Na sababu alikuwa na Hazrat kwamba
katika utekelezaji wako wa server.c katika P

216
00:12:21,280 --> 00:12:27,570
kuweka 6 ni ili kwamba unaweza kuwaambia
PHP kificho kwamba jina = Elliot.

217
00:12:27,570 --> 00:12:30,460
Wewe zinahitajika ili kuweza
Hazrat kwamba kati ya URL

218
00:12:30,460 --> 00:12:35,900
ili PHP faili katika swali
alijua nini ilikuwa kushughulika na.

219
00:12:35,900 --> 00:12:39,350
>> Hivyo hopefully hii inatoa
motisha kwa server.c

220
00:12:39,350 --> 00:12:43,900
sasa kwamba sisi ni kusonga juu ya
nje ya C katika PHP.

221
00:12:43,900 --> 00:12:48,240
Basi hebu kweli kuzingatia kupata
mambo kupita kwa njia ya kupata ombi sasa

222
00:12:48,240 --> 00:12:48,880
katika hatua hii.

223
00:12:48,880 --> 00:12:50,157
Mimi nina kwenda kuokoa hii.

224
00:12:50,157 --> 00:12:51,240
Hatukuwa kubadili jambo lolote.

225
00:12:51,240 --> 00:12:56,080
Inaonekana kama sisi tumepewa pembejeo shamba.

226
00:12:56,080 --> 00:12:58,550
>> Sisi ni kuweka tabia ya baadhi,
kama tunaweza kufanya HTML.

227
00:12:58,550 --> 00:12:59,550
Haya ni mambo rahisi.

228
00:12:59,550 --> 00:13:00,580
Hatuna haja hizo.

229
00:13:00,580 --> 00:13:03,750
Lakini sisi tumepewa autocomplete mbali,
ambayo kimsingi says-- unajua,

230
00:13:03,750 --> 00:13:05,710
wakati aina ya mambo
ndani ya mtandao, wakati mwingine

231
00:13:05,710 --> 00:13:07,355
anajaribu kujaza kwamba katika kwa ajili yenu.

232
00:13:07,355 --> 00:13:08,230
Hivyo ni kitu kizuri.

233
00:13:08,230 --> 00:13:11,700
Tunataka kugeuka kuwa mbali kwa ajili hiyo.

234
00:13:11,700 --> 00:13:13,970
Hiyo ilikuwa ni uamuzi CS50.

235
00:13:13,970 --> 00:13:15,640
Ili tuweze kufuta kwamba kama sisi alitaka.

236
00:13:15,640 --> 00:13:19,510
>> Autofocus tu vijiti mshale
katika fomu haki katika mwanzo.

237
00:13:19,510 --> 00:13:21,060
Tena, si muhimu sana.

238
00:13:21,060 --> 00:13:26,220
>> Lakini jina = "jina" - ni kidogo
gumu kwa sababu ni jina na jina.

239
00:13:26,220 --> 00:13:28,730
Lakini tunaweza wameweza kubadilishwa
huu kwa kitu kingine.

240
00:13:28,730 --> 00:13:30,563
Na kwa kweli, hiyo ni
nini tutaweza kufanya hivi sasa.

241
00:13:30,563 --> 00:13:34,830
Tutaweza kusema "mtu," ambayo
ni aina ya kama jina

242
00:13:34,830 --> 00:13:36,790
iwapo mtu inaelezwa kwa majina yao.

243
00:13:36,790 --> 00:13:41,480
>> Basi hebu kuifunga,
reopen up kwenye tovuti yetu

244
00:13:41,480 --> 00:13:46,110
tangu server yetu bado ni mbio
Apache 50, na tutaweza kusema, hello, hapa ni

245
00:13:46,110 --> 00:13:47,200
Elliot tena.

246
00:13:47,200 --> 00:13:48,460
Kwa nini?

247
00:13:48,460 --> 00:13:49,220
Hello.

248
00:13:49,220 --> 00:13:52,880
Na kama sisi kwenda juu hapa, tutaweza kuona
kisha badala ya jina = Elliot,

249
00:13:52,880 --> 00:13:55,200
inasema mtu = Elliot.

250
00:13:55,200 --> 00:14:00,060
Na hiyo ndiyo matokeo ya moja kwa moja ya ukweli
kwamba sisi tu iliyopita jina = "mtu."

251
00:14:00,060 --> 00:14:06,840
>> Hivyo katika pembejeo kipengele cha
HTML fomu, shamba jina

252
00:14:06,840 --> 00:14:10,590
ni kitambulisho kwa
parameter hiyo kuwa kupita.

253
00:14:10,590 --> 00:14:14,250
Ni kama kama wewe ni kujenga kazi
"kuongeza" kwamba alichukua katika integers mbili

254
00:14:14,250 --> 00:14:16,670
na wewe alisema int a na int b.

255
00:14:16,670 --> 00:14:22,680
Hiyo itakuwa jina a, na kama
alitaka aina nyingine, ambayo

256
00:14:22,680 --> 00:14:27,800
tunaweza kufanya tu kwa kuiga na
pasting, basi tunataka kuwa jina b.

257
00:14:27,800 --> 00:14:31,030
>> Hivyo sasa tutaweza kuwa vigezo viwili
kuwa ni kuwa kupita kwa njia ya

258
00:14:31,030 --> 00:14:36,970
kupata website-- ijayo
ijayo mtandao ukurasa, hello.php.

259
00:14:36,970 --> 00:14:39,770
Na tunaweza kweli kuona
kuwa tena kama tunataka.

260
00:14:39,770 --> 00:14:44,830
Hii ni njia rahisi ya kukabiliana na
mtandao kificho katika IDE, kimsingi.

261
00:14:44,830 --> 00:14:47,940
Wewe kuanzisha server, kupata
kukimbia, na kisha kila wakati

262
00:14:47,940 --> 00:14:50,649
kufanya baadhi ya mabadiliko, tu karibu
faili kwamba tu kuwa salama.

263
00:14:50,649 --> 00:14:52,440
Kubwa ya kifungo nyuma
ni gumu kidogo

264
00:14:52,440 --> 00:14:55,800
sababu inaweza mzigo mapema
toleo la hata mmoja zaidi updated.

265
00:14:55,800 --> 00:14:59,200
>> Na kisha bonyeza tu yako
kifungo tena, pop haki up-- loo,

266
00:14:59,200 --> 00:15:00,510
na sasa kuna aina mbili.

267
00:15:00,510 --> 00:15:10,440
Na hivyo kama sisi aina jambo moja katika kila
one-- "jason Hirshhorn," kwa instance--

268
00:15:10,440 --> 00:15:11,590
sisi kusema hello.

269
00:15:11,590 --> 00:15:12,840
Sisi kuangalia hadi saa vigezo yetu.

270
00:15:12,840 --> 00:15:18,910
Inaonekana kama sisi tumepewa, kama
ilivyotarajiwa, jason = na b = Hirshhorn,

271
00:15:18,910 --> 00:15:23,760
ambayo inawakilisha vigezo mbili
kwamba sisi kupita kwa kazi hii.

272
00:15:23,760 --> 00:15:27,900
>> Hivyo sasa hebu kweli kupata
kutekeleza kwamba utendaji kwamba sisi

273
00:15:27,900 --> 00:15:30,840
alikuwa katika P kuweka 6.

274
00:15:30,840 --> 00:15:32,490
Hivyo sasa hivi sisi ni akirejea tu hodi.

275
00:15:32,490 --> 00:15:34,310
Na si kwamba muhimu sana.

276
00:15:34,310 --> 00:15:38,530
Tunataka echo baadhi kutofautiana
kwamba ilipitishwa kwetu.

277
00:15:38,530 --> 00:15:40,320
Na tunajua jina la kutofautiana huu.

278
00:15:40,320 --> 00:15:41,770
Tuna na tuna b.

279
00:15:41,770 --> 00:15:43,500
Hivyo tunaweza kuchagua kurudia moja ama.

280
00:15:43,500 --> 00:15:45,470
>> Lakini jinsi gani sisi kupata hiyo?

281
00:15:45,470 --> 00:15:48,820
Naam, kuna baadhi ya
vigezo kimataifa katika PHP.

282
00:15:48,820 --> 00:15:51,240
Na mimi nina kwenda kuandika
nao katika maoni hapa.

283
00:15:51,240 --> 00:15:59,910
Mbili ndio muhimu zaidi ni kupata
na baada kwa madhumuni yetu hivi sasa.

284
00:15:59,910 --> 00:16:05,350
Hizi ni arrays au,
kitaalam, Mkwawa

285
00:16:05,350 --> 00:16:10,540
ambapo vigezo yetu kwamba sisi ni
kupita kwa ijayo mtandao ukurasa kuishi.

286
00:16:10,540 --> 00:16:14,520
Na sisi watakuja kuona jinsi ya matumizi yao.

287
00:16:14,520 --> 00:16:19,720
>> Mwingine kumbuka mafupi kuhusu kanuni PHP
na baadhi specifics wa hili katika C,

288
00:16:19,720 --> 00:16:23,260
kutangaza kutofautiana
au kutumia vigezo,

289
00:16:23,260 --> 00:16:24,570
wewe kwanza alikuwa na kutangaza yao.

290
00:16:24,570 --> 00:16:30,860
Na nini mnatakiwa kufanya wakati wewe
alitangaza wao alikuwa kusema int a au char b.

291
00:16:30,860 --> 00:16:35,630
Alikuwa na kutangaza aina ya haya
vigezo kabla aliwaumba.

292
00:16:35,630 --> 00:16:38,800
PHP-- huna haja ya kufanya yoyote ya kwamba.

293
00:16:38,800 --> 00:16:42,522
PHP haina kuomba
aina ya kutofautiana.

294
00:16:42,522 --> 00:16:44,480
Na kwa njia hiyo wewe
kujenga kutofautiana badala

295
00:16:44,480 --> 00:16:49,930
kuliko kusema int, char, kamba
ambayo ni kweli * Char, kama sisi know--

296
00:16:49,930 --> 00:16:52,180
badala ya kufanya yote ya
kwamba, kwa sababu kila kitu

297
00:16:52,180 --> 00:16:54,620
ni ya aina moja,
typeless, tunaweza tu

298
00:16:54,620 --> 00:16:59,210
kutumia tabia moja, ambayo
ni ishara ya dola.

299
00:16:59,210 --> 00:17:03,700
Na utaona ni tayari yanajitokeza
up, kidogo autocomplete mambo.

300
00:17:03,700 --> 00:17:11,380
Na ni kusema kwamba _GET na _POST
chaguzi mbili kuwa nina inapatikana

301
00:17:11,380 --> 00:17:11,900
kwangu.

302
00:17:11,900 --> 00:17:16,430
Baadhi ya mambo haya mengine ni
vigezo vingine kimataifa katika PHP

303
00:17:16,430 --> 00:17:18,430
kwamba wewe utakuwa kutumia zaidi ya
kozi ya P kuweka 7.

304
00:17:18,430 --> 00:17:20,569
Kwa sasa tunakwenda
kuzingatia kupata na baada.

305
00:17:20,569 --> 00:17:22,910
Lakini hii ni msaada
jambo ambalo IDE gani

306
00:17:22,910 --> 00:17:24,980
ambapo mara moja umefanya typed
kwa kuwa ishara ya dola,

307
00:17:24,980 --> 00:17:28,760
kutakuwa na kuanza kujaza vigezo kimataifa
au vigezo umefanya tayari kuelezwa.

308
00:17:28,760 --> 00:17:34,360
>> Hivyo kama alitaka kufafanua
kutofautiana kuitwa "kamba,"

309
00:17:34,360 --> 00:17:38,290
unaweza tu kuweka kwa sawa "hi".

310
00:17:38,290 --> 00:17:40,100
Na ni kimsingi rahisi kama hayo.

311
00:17:40,100 --> 00:17:44,720
Na kisha tunaweza kufanya
kitu kama "$ kamba echo."

312
00:17:44,720 --> 00:17:48,524
IDE lazima kutupa baadhi
makosa kama mimi nina kufanya kitu kibaya,

313
00:17:48,524 --> 00:17:50,190
hivyo hopefully mimi nina kufanya kila kitu sahihi.

314
00:17:50,190 --> 00:17:52,060
Lakini mende daima kufanya kutokea.

315
00:17:52,060 --> 00:17:56,670
>> Kitu kingine gumu kuhusu
PHP ni kwamba ni si ulioandaliwa.

316
00:17:56,670 --> 00:18:00,640
Hivyo, pamoja na mipango C, ungependa kufanya
kawaida ya kila siku of-- kimsingi,

317
00:18:00,640 --> 00:18:02,710
ungependa kufanya zangu kwa
kanuni yako, utaweza kuokoa yake,

318
00:18:02,710 --> 00:18:04,460
na kisha wewe ungekuwa
kufanya hivyo, ambapo ilikuwa ni kufanya

319
00:18:04,460 --> 00:18:08,830
hatua kwamba wito compiler,
Clang, ili kufanya kanuni yako, kifungu hiki

320
00:18:08,830 --> 00:18:10,570
faili, ndani ya kutekelezwa.

321
00:18:10,570 --> 00:18:15,550
PHP ni C-kama, lakini ni kunyongwa
juu ya kuruka na mtandao browser yako.

322
00:18:15,550 --> 00:18:17,640
Hivyo hakuna njia ya kujua.

323
00:18:17,640 --> 00:18:19,790
>> Kufanya bila kutupa wale
makosa na manufaa, haki?

324
00:18:19,790 --> 00:18:22,190
Itakuwa kama, wewe
hakuwa kutangaza kutofautiana huu

325
00:18:22,190 --> 00:18:23,320
kabla alijaribu kuitumia.

326
00:18:23,320 --> 00:18:29,120
Wewe alifanya hivyo mbaya stuff-- segfault wote,
segfault, kwamba aina zote za nyakati furaha

327
00:18:29,120 --> 00:18:31,000
kwamba alikuja na kufanya.

328
00:18:31,000 --> 00:18:33,920
PHP ni upanga mbili-kuwili
kwa sababu huwezi kupata makosa hayo,

329
00:18:33,920 --> 00:18:37,770
lakini hiyo pia ina maana kwamba huwezi kujua
kweli nini mbaya na mpango wako

330
00:18:37,770 --> 00:18:39,840
kama wewe kukimbia tu ni na si kazi.

331
00:18:39,840 --> 00:18:45,130
Lakini HatiJava lazima kumweka nje
baadhi ya mambo hopefully kusaidia kidogo

332
00:18:45,130 --> 00:18:47,950
syntactically kwamba unaweza kurekebisha.

333
00:18:47,950 --> 00:18:52,850
>> Hivyo sasa kama sisi kwenda juu to--
kusema, hebu karibu huo.

334
00:18:52,850 --> 00:18:54,522
Reopen.

335
00:18:54,522 --> 00:18:55,480
Na tuko nyuma kwa hapa.

336
00:18:55,480 --> 00:18:57,210
Hivyo sisi tumepewa kutofautiana
na kutofautiana b.

337
00:18:57,210 --> 00:18:58,626
Na hawa si hatimaye jambo.

338
00:18:58,626 --> 00:19:01,850
Tutaweza kuwaita h na g
kwa sababu hakuna fulani.

339
00:19:01,850 --> 00:19:03,120
>> Na sisi kusema hello.

340
00:19:03,120 --> 00:19:07,480
Sasa inaonekana kama kamba yetu
"hi" ni kweli uchapishaji.

341
00:19:07,480 --> 00:19:10,460
Sisi aliumba kutofautiana kuitwa
"kamba," kuweka kwa sawa "hi".

342
00:19:10,460 --> 00:19:15,520
Taarifa kwamba hatukuwa na kufanya
malloc au kufanya safu tabia.

343
00:19:15,520 --> 00:19:19,110
>> Katika PHP, kwa sababu vigezo
ni typeless, kamba

344
00:19:19,110 --> 00:19:22,230
ni sawa na char kwa
makusudi na madhumuni.

345
00:19:22,230 --> 00:19:23,570
Hii inaweza kuwa "hi".

346
00:19:23,570 --> 00:19:26,340
Hii inaweza kuwa tu tabia k.

347
00:19:26,340 --> 00:19:29,290
Hii inaweza kuwa namba 1.

348
00:19:29,290 --> 00:19:30,300
Na haina huduma.

349
00:19:30,300 --> 00:19:33,560
PHP haina huduma ya juu
aina ya kutofautiana yako.

350
00:19:33,560 --> 00:19:34,390
Au, haina huduma.

351
00:19:34,390 --> 00:19:36,240
Ni anayejali wakati wewe kujaribu
na kufanya mambo kwa hayo,

352
00:19:36,240 --> 00:19:38,790
lakini haina huduma katika
Tamko hatua.

353
00:19:38,790 --> 00:19:46,960
>> Na kama unaweza katika C, unaweza
kutangaza masharti juu ya stack kama hii

354
00:19:46,960 --> 00:19:51,130
ingawa akisema "mkusanyiko" ni kidogo
kidogo ya uwezo misnomer wakati

355
00:19:51,130 --> 00:19:52,230
tunazungumzia PHP.

356
00:19:52,230 --> 00:19:54,020
Lakini hatuwezi kuwa na wasiwasi juu ya hilo.

357
00:19:54,020 --> 00:19:55,936
Hivyo tulipata kamba yetu
"hi," na sisi echo kamba.

358
00:19:55,936 --> 00:19:58,880
Hivyo sasa tumekuwa kujadiliwa vigezo.

359
00:19:58,880 --> 00:20:06,060
Hivyo sasa tunahitaji majadiliano juu ya kupata na
baada na kufanya jambo la mwisho kwamba

360
00:20:06,060 --> 00:20:12,660
zinahitajika ili kweli kupata nyuma hii up
kwa utendaji wa P kuweka 6.

361
00:20:12,660 --> 00:20:14,990
Hivyo sasa hivi tuko
akirejea kamba, lakini sisi

362
00:20:14,990 --> 00:20:17,080
kufanya kuwa vigezo hivi kupata na baada.

363
00:20:17,080 --> 00:20:19,430
Na kwa sababu sisi ni kutumia
Njia kupata, ni

364
00:20:19,430 --> 00:20:24,810
Inaonekana asili kwamba kutofautiana yetu kwamba
sisi ni nia, wote a na b,

365
00:20:24,810 --> 00:20:29,870
itakuwa iko katika safu
au kamusi, kitaalam kupata.

366
00:20:29,870 --> 00:20:33,510
>> Hivyo kama sisi kuanzisha kupata kama hii
na groups-- yako mimi taabu kuingia

367
00:20:33,510 --> 00:20:36,770
na hawakupenda it--
lakini hapa tuna kupata.

368
00:20:36,770 --> 00:20:38,000
Na hivyo kupata tayari ipo.

369
00:20:38,000 --> 00:20:41,380
Ili tuweze tayari kuanza kupata
baadhi ya mambo ya kupata.

370
00:20:41,380 --> 00:20:45,000
Kama hatuwezi kupata, syntax hii kwa
arrays katika PHP ni sana C-kama.

371
00:20:45,000 --> 00:20:47,900
Sisi yetu mabano mraba mawili.

372
00:20:47,900 --> 00:20:53,440
>> Hivyo kama sisi kusema kupata katika kawaida
safu, tunaweza kupata

373
00:20:53,440 --> 00:20:55,600
0 ripoti, ripoti ya kwanza.

374
00:20:55,600 --> 00:20:56,840
PHP ni sifuri ripoti.

375
00:20:56,840 --> 00:21:00,550
Tunaweza kusema sifuri, moja,
mambo two-- kama hii.

376
00:21:00,550 --> 00:21:03,420
Na nimekuwa akisema kwamba kupata
ni kitaalam kamusi.

377
00:21:03,420 --> 00:21:08,290
Kwa hiyo kile PHP anafanya chini ya kofia,
ambayo ni kidogo nicer kuliko C,

378
00:21:08,290 --> 00:21:12,760
ni tayari kutoa baadhi ni
kamusi utendaji, ambayo

379
00:21:12,760 --> 00:21:16,240
ni meza kweli hash,
au anajaribu, eti.

380
00:21:16,240 --> 00:21:19,360
Au, kitaalam ni
inaweza kuwa kujaribu pia.

381
00:21:19,360 --> 00:21:25,500
Lakini PHP inatekeleza meza hash,
ambayo hutengeneza kamusi ufanisi.

382
00:21:25,500 --> 00:21:28,400
>> Na hivyo tunajua jina
ya kutofautiana yetu, haki?

383
00:21:28,400 --> 00:21:32,440
Ni kuwa alipita katika
kamba swala na PHP.

384
00:21:32,440 --> 00:21:37,290
Tuna = h na b = g wapi na b
ndiyo majina ya vigezo.

385
00:21:37,290 --> 00:21:41,580
Hivyo njia tuweze kupata
thamani kwamba sambamba na ufunguo

386
00:21:41,580 --> 00:21:45,055
katika kamusi yetu ni
tu kwa kusema _GET_GET [""].

387
00:21:45,055 --> 00:21:48,170

388
00:21:48,170 --> 00:21:51,365
>> Hivyo basi, tuna _GET [""].

389
00:21:51,365 --> 00:21:56,930
Na kama sisi tu kuchukua nafasi ndani ya
echo yetu, kama sisi echo _GET_GET [""] -

390
00:21:56,930 --> 00:22:02,410
na tutaweza kuona kama HatiJava
kumtupia makosa yoyote kuhusu Haya

391
00:22:02,410 --> 00:22:05,620
tutaweza kuokoa kile na kuifunga nje.

392
00:22:05,620 --> 00:22:07,130
Kufungua it up.

393
00:22:07,130 --> 00:22:10,390
Hivyo sisi ni kufanya haki tu
sasa, hivyo b bila kujali.

394
00:22:10,390 --> 00:22:12,980
"yake" na "naye" -
"hum." "yake" na "hum."

395
00:22:12,980 --> 00:22:14,810
Sauti nzuri.

396
00:22:14,810 --> 00:22:18,040
>> Na kuchapishwa
"yake," ambayo ni mwenda wazimu.

397
00:22:18,040 --> 00:22:21,920
Lakini hiyo ni nini hasa
kilichojitokeza katika P kuweka 6.

398
00:22:21,920 --> 00:22:27,240
Kimsingi, nini P kuweka 6
ilikuwa doing-- echo hodi,

399
00:22:27,240 --> 00:22:31,580
name-- pasipokuwa na
jina kutofautiana na ni haki

400
00:22:31,580 --> 00:22:35,520
anauliza wewe aina katika kwamba kidogo ya maandishi.

401
00:22:35,520 --> 00:22:37,380
Pia kulikuwa na baadhi
kanuni za ziada ambapo

402
00:22:37,380 --> 00:22:40,550
ni pamoja na kama kauli,
ambayo tunaweza kufanya hivi sasa.

403
00:22:40,550 --> 00:22:50,120
>> Tunaweza kusema kama ipo, ambayo
ni utendaji ndani ya PHP,

404
00:22:50,120 --> 00:22:55,110
_GET Na kusisitiza, "jina" -
ambayo ni kimsingi akisema,

405
00:22:55,110 --> 00:22:58,760
"kama jina imekuwa kujazwa katika" kwa sababu
tungeweza tu clicked ya kifungo

406
00:22:58,760 --> 00:23:02,580
kuwasilisha fomu bila
kuandika chochote katika shamba hilo.

407
00:23:02,580 --> 00:23:07,760
Na sisi kufuta kwamba katika yetu
kirafiki curly braces.

408
00:23:07,760 --> 00:23:09,175
Tunaweza kuwa na mwingine kauli.

409
00:23:09,175 --> 00:23:13,300

410
00:23:13,300 --> 00:23:18,820
Na kwamba wote ndani ya PHP pembe
mabano, swali alama, pembe mabano,

411
00:23:18,820 --> 00:23:20,040
kama wewe.

412
00:23:20,040 --> 00:23:21,750
>> Na sasa tutaweza kuona kama hii kazi.

413
00:23:21,750 --> 00:23:26,300
Mimi kuendelea kusubiri kwa utatuzi
na crap nje juu yangu, kimsingi,

414
00:23:26,300 --> 00:23:28,410
lakini ina bado.

415
00:23:28,410 --> 00:23:30,830
Labda ni mapenzi sasa
kwa sababu mimi kuongelea.

416
00:23:30,830 --> 00:23:31,330
Yup.

417
00:23:31,330 --> 00:23:32,510
Ilivyokuwa, kwa kweli.

418
00:23:32,510 --> 00:23:34,610
Hivyo, hakuna kitu ni kuonyesha up.

419
00:23:34,610 --> 00:23:38,750
Hii ni kwa sababu ya kitu kibaya
kwamba mimi aliandika katika kanuni PHP.

420
00:23:38,750 --> 00:23:42,844
Na mimi zilizotajwa debugging
ni gumu kwa sababu katika PHP, sisi

421
00:23:42,844 --> 00:23:45,260
hakuwa kukusanya ni kabla
na mkusanyaji haikuwa kama,

422
00:23:45,260 --> 00:23:46,710
hapa ndipo makosa yako ni.

423
00:23:46,710 --> 00:23:49,690
>> Lakini nini tunaweza kufanya
is-- kufanya watu kukumbuka

424
00:23:49,690 --> 00:23:57,010
jinsi ya kuangalia mtandao mbalimbali
maombi kwamba PHP-- au kwamba tovuti

425
00:23:57,010 --> 00:23:57,620
kutuma?

426
00:23:57,620 --> 00:24:00,290
[? Malin?] Alifanya hivyo katika
hotuba mara moja au mbili.

427
00:24:00,290 --> 00:24:05,830
Unakumbuka ambapo sisi kwenda kupata
madeni mbalimbali na 200 OKs,

428
00:24:05,830 --> 00:24:09,780
kanuni hizi zote ambazo kupelekwa
kupitia HTTP kutoka mtandao ukurasa kwa ukurasa wa mtandao?

429
00:24:09,780 --> 00:24:12,514
Je, mtu yeyote kumbuka
ambapo sisi kwenda kufanya hivyo?

430
00:24:12,514 --> 00:24:13,787
>> Watazamaji: Kwanza Chanzo.

431
00:24:13,787 --> 00:24:14,870
SAM LEVATICH: Kwanza chanzo.

432
00:24:14,870 --> 00:24:15,890
Hasa.

433
00:24:15,890 --> 00:24:19,230
Kama kwenda kwa wa Kwanza Source-- kamilifu.

434
00:24:19,230 --> 00:24:21,630
Hivyo Kwanza Chanzo pulls up mkaguzi.

435
00:24:21,630 --> 00:24:23,140
>> Na mimi nina kutumia Safari.

436
00:24:23,140 --> 00:24:25,790
Mengi ya wewe pengine
kuwa kwa kutumia Chrome au Firefox.

437
00:24:25,790 --> 00:24:27,750
Lakini kwa muda mrefu kama wewe ni
katika yoyote browser-- kisasa

438
00:24:27,750 --> 00:24:29,500
na kujisikia huru kufuata
pamoja kama unataka.

439
00:24:29,500 --> 00:24:32,560
Unaweza aina ya juu ya kanuni hii au
tu kuangalia ndani ya P seti 6

440
00:24:32,560 --> 00:24:35,820
directory kwa baadhi ya mambo kama hayo.

441
00:24:35,820 --> 00:24:41,020
hello.php ni nini tuko
sasa anafanya kazi kwenye emulating.

442
00:24:41,020 --> 00:24:42,476
>> Hivyo kuna aina ya tabo.

443
00:24:42,476 --> 00:24:43,850
Tunaweza kuangalia rasilimali zote.

444
00:24:43,850 --> 00:24:45,810
Tunaweza kuona kanuni chanzo.

445
00:24:45,810 --> 00:24:49,900
Hivyo inaonekana kama haikuwa hivyo
kupata mwili zamani katika mwisho.

446
00:24:49,900 --> 00:24:54,890
Ni kupatikana makosa katika PHP na
kusimamishwa kupakia mtandao mzima ukurasa.

447
00:24:54,890 --> 00:24:58,320
Sisi hawana hata mwisho
tag kwa HTML au kitu chochote.

448
00:24:58,320 --> 00:25:07,189
>> Na kama sisi kuangalia mtandao, tunaweza
kuona kwamba sisi ni kupelekwa ombi.

449
00:25:07,189 --> 00:25:07,980
Hii ni uwanja.

450
00:25:07,980 --> 00:25:09,270
Hii ni mahali.

451
00:25:09,270 --> 00:25:10,070
Ni waraka huo.

452
00:25:10,070 --> 00:25:14,310
Sisi ni kutumia mbinu kupata.

453
00:25:14,310 --> 00:25:15,760
>> Na ni nyekundu.

454
00:25:15,760 --> 00:25:19,030
Au, ilikuwa nyekundu wakati mimi
hakuwa kuchagua yake.

455
00:25:19,030 --> 00:25:22,680
Je, mimi unselect hilo?

456
00:25:22,680 --> 00:25:23,980
Naam, ilikuwa nyekundu.

457
00:25:23,980 --> 00:25:25,201
Napenda kupata mahitaji.

458
00:25:25,201 --> 00:25:25,700
Huko ni.

459
00:25:25,700 --> 00:25:26,640
Sasa ni nyekundu.

460
00:25:26,640 --> 00:25:30,530
>> Hivyo ni nyekundu, ambayo ina maana
alishindwa, ambayo ni mbaya.

461
00:25:30,530 --> 00:25:32,280
Basi hebu kuchunguza kwa nini haikuwa kushindwa.

462
00:25:32,280 --> 00:25:37,070
Hivyo yote Kwanza Chanzo Unaweza
kimsingi kukuambia ni kitu yako

463
00:25:37,070 --> 00:25:38,720
hakuwa na kazi, ambayo tunaweza tayari kuona.

464
00:25:38,720 --> 00:25:42,100
Hivyo walau pale ingekuwa
kuwa chombo muhimu zaidi.

465
00:25:42,100 --> 00:25:45,710
Na kuna baadhi ya upanuzi browser
kwamba kuruhusu Debug PHP,

466
00:25:45,710 --> 00:25:50,490
lakini sisi siyo kwenda kwa
kuandika tani ya PHP,

467
00:25:50,490 --> 00:25:53,190
hivyo ni pengine tu bora
kuangalia njia ya kanuni yako

468
00:25:53,190 --> 00:25:56,760
makini na tu kuhakikisha kwamba
siyo kufanya kitu kingine chochote.

469
00:25:56,760 --> 00:26:03,876
>> Basi hebu angalia kama muundo wa hii
kama kauli ni ambapo tatizo ni.

470
00:26:03,876 --> 00:26:07,420
Nataka mzigo kwamba nyuma hadi hapa.

471
00:26:07,420 --> 00:26:09,830
Hello, hi.

472
00:26:09,830 --> 00:26:11,350
Hivyo kuna tatizo huko.

473
00:26:11,350 --> 00:26:15,130
>> Hivyo kwa syntax sahihi
ya PHP, PHP ni kwenda

474
00:26:15,130 --> 00:26:17,369
kuwa C-kama katika kwamba utaona mizunguko.

475
00:26:17,369 --> 00:26:18,410
Utaona kama kauli.

476
00:26:18,410 --> 00:26:20,920
Utaona marafiki hao wote
kwamba umefanya kuwa ukoo

477
00:26:20,920 --> 00:26:24,820
kwa kipindi
ya hii muhula CS50.

478
00:26:24,820 --> 00:26:29,960
Lakini njia bora ya kufikiri jinsi ya
kufanya kitu katika PHP ni kwa Google ni

479
00:26:29,960 --> 00:26:33,170
au kuangalia baadhi ya mifano ya kanuni PHP
kwa sababu unajua utendaji.

480
00:26:33,170 --> 00:26:35,080
>> Unajua nini unaweza
kufanya na mpango huo.

481
00:26:35,080 --> 00:26:35,976
Unaweza kitanzi.

482
00:26:35,976 --> 00:26:37,600
Unaweza nyakati kitanzi kama wengi kama unataka.

483
00:26:37,600 --> 00:26:39,433
Unaweza kitanzi katika yote
aina ya njia tofauti.

484
00:26:39,433 --> 00:26:40,700
Unaweza kuunda kazi.

485
00:26:40,700 --> 00:26:43,241
Unaweza kuunda kazi ambayo
piga kazi nyingine, kazi

486
00:26:43,241 --> 00:26:44,150
kwamba wito wenyewe.

487
00:26:44,150 --> 00:26:45,733
Na una majina kwa dhana hizi.

488
00:26:45,733 --> 00:26:49,860
Nimepata kujirudia, tanzi,
kama, mtiririko mengine ya utawala.

489
00:26:49,860 --> 00:26:51,300
Na hivyo Google ni rafiki yako bora.

490
00:26:51,300 --> 00:26:53,540
Hata kusema, "PHP kama
Kauli "na kuna itabidi

491
00:26:53,540 --> 00:26:57,740
kuwa tani ya posts na
majibu ya watu wengine

492
00:26:57,740 --> 00:27:02,090
ambao wameweza alikuwa na maswali sawa na wewe,
ambao ni mapya tu nje na PHP

493
00:27:02,090 --> 00:27:03,820
na ni curious kuhusu syntax kitu.

494
00:27:03,820 --> 00:27:08,480
>> Kwa sababu tuna anasa ya kuwa
uwezo wa kuangalia kificho katika P seti 6,

495
00:27:08,480 --> 00:27:14,980
sisi kweli kuvuta it up na kuona kwamba
OK, hapa ni kitu kuvutia.

496
00:27:14,980 --> 00:27:18,070
Hivyo hii ni nini ni kweli
inaonekana kama katika P kuweka 6.

497
00:27:18,070 --> 00:27:20,340
Hivyo kama sisi kwenda kwa njia hii,
tunaweza kuona kwamba tumekuwa

498
00:27:20,340 --> 00:27:27,150
got kadhaa wa haya kidogo
PHP-kama alama swali bits.

499
00:27:27,150 --> 00:27:29,050
>> Na kuna si braces curly.

500
00:27:29,050 --> 00:27:30,250
Kuna colons.

501
00:27:30,250 --> 00:27:32,340
Na kuna curly
inakabiliwa na katika PHP, lakini hii

502
00:27:32,340 --> 00:27:38,700
ni muundo na njia ya kufanya
PHP kwamba kazi vizuri kwa HTML

503
00:27:38,700 --> 00:27:43,830
kwa sababu kama utaona, sisi ni kufunga
mbali hizi PHP bits-- elses

504
00:27:43,830 --> 00:27:49,770
na ikiwa na wote wa that-- na kisha
sisi ni interspersing HTML ndani yao

505
00:27:49,770 --> 00:27:54,640
wakati bado zifuatazo
kudhibiti mtiririko zilizowekwa na PHP.

506
00:27:54,640 --> 00:27:58,480
>> Hivyo nina kwenda tu kwa
kutembea haraka kwa njia hii

507
00:27:58,480 --> 00:28:01,740
kwa sababu ni mengi ya huo
dhana kwamba tunafanya kabla.

508
00:28:01,740 --> 00:28:07,280
Sisi tumepewa kama si tupu,
mabano, _GET_GET ["jina"].

509
00:28:07,280 --> 00:28:08,500
Hii yote ni mambo sawa.

510
00:28:08,500 --> 00:28:15,430
Sisi ni kutumia _GET kamusi kwamba
PHP inapeleka juu ya ombi la fomu,

511
00:28:15,430 --> 00:28:20,720
kwa sababu ni vigezo ya
hatua, na mbinu ni kupata.

512
00:28:20,720 --> 00:28:22,110
Na kisha kwamba mwisho kwamba.

513
00:28:22,110 --> 00:28:27,420
Matumbo ni signifier tu kufanya hivyo
kama ikiwa kauli kutathmini kwa kweli.

514
00:28:27,420 --> 00:28:29,490
Ni kama brace curly.

515
00:28:29,490 --> 00:28:33,320
Na kwa kweli, ni brace curly
katika lugha zingine kama chatu,

516
00:28:33,320 --> 00:28:37,070
ambayo unaweza kukutana kama wewe tu
kufanya hivyo kwa ajili ya mradi wako wa mwisho.

517
00:28:37,070 --> 00:28:40,170
>> Na kisha mstari huu, hodi.

518
00:28:40,170 --> 00:28:41,510
Kisha sisi tumepewa jambo hili weird.

519
00:28:41,510 --> 00:28:43,190
Sisi tumepewa mabano zaidi.

520
00:28:43,190 --> 00:28:46,140
Hakuna HTTP there-- au PHP, pole.

521
00:28:46,140 --> 00:28:47,250
Lakini kuna ishara sawa.

522
00:28:47,250 --> 00:28:50,625
Na kisha tuna kazi,
htmlspecialchars (_GEThtmlspecialchars (_GET ["jina"]).

523
00:28:50,625 --> 00:28:54,440

524
00:28:54,440 --> 00:28:58,040
Hii ni aina ya kama zaidi
juu ya toleo la echo.

525
00:28:58,040 --> 00:29:01,450
Kama tulikuwa na kurudia kama njia
magazeti mambo ya nje katika PHP.

526
00:29:01,450 --> 00:29:03,890
Hii ni kazi hiyo ni
inavyoelezwa katika PHP kwamba

527
00:29:03,890 --> 00:29:08,160
atapambana na zaidi baadhi nasty
wahusika na maadili Byte

528
00:29:08,160 --> 00:29:09,540
kwamba unaweza kuupitisha.

529
00:29:09,540 --> 00:29:11,070
Ni siku zote salama kutumia hii.

530
00:29:11,070 --> 00:29:14,930
Lakini echo kufanya kazi
faini tu kama sisi siyo

531
00:29:14,930 --> 00:29:17,620
kushughulika na kitu chochote pia nasty.

532
00:29:17,620 --> 00:29:20,340
>> Na hivyo hii ina sawa
athari za kimsingi,

533
00:29:20,340 --> 00:29:26,360
mambo haya katika kati ya swali
alama ni tathmini na PHP.

534
00:29:26,360 --> 00:29:34,490
htmlspecialchars anarudi HTML nzuri
kuchapishwa thamani ya _GET_GET ["jina"], dvs.

535
00:29:34,490 --> 00:29:36,010
chochote sisi typed katika fomu.

536
00:29:36,010 --> 00:29:40,025
Na kisha kutakuwa na kusema hello,
comma nafasi, na kisha huo.

537
00:29:40,025 --> 00:29:42,910
Hiyo jambo zima kati ya
mabano angle

538
00:29:42,910 --> 00:29:47,390
itakuwa kubadilishwa na chochote
htmlspecialchars unaweka nje.

539
00:29:47,390 --> 00:29:49,390
Hivyo kwamba kimsingi sawa
kwa nini sisi ni kufanya.

540
00:29:49,390 --> 00:29:54,760
Na tuna mwingine kauli hiyo ni
hujambo dunia, ambayo hufanya akili.

541
00:29:54,760 --> 00:29:58,070
Hivyo sasa hebu kwenda nyuma ya yetu
kificho na kuona exactly-- loo.

542
00:29:58,070 --> 00:30:02,200
Nilisema ipo, ambayo si
jambo ambalo sisi alitaka kufanya.

543
00:30:02,200 --> 00:30:05,370
Sisi alitaka kusema si tupu.

544
00:30:05,370 --> 00:30:10,020
>> Na hivyo hii lazima kazi kidogo
kidogo bora, si tupu _GET_GET ["jina"].

545
00:30:10,020 --> 00:30:12,710
Na kwamba brace curly
mechi kwamba brace curly.

546
00:30:12,710 --> 00:30:15,210
Sisi tumepewa braces curly yetu hapa.

547
00:30:15,210 --> 00:30:17,790
echo hodi _GET ["jina"].

548
00:30:17,790 --> 00:30:19,912
Hebu angalia kama hii kazi vizuri kidogo.

549
00:30:19,912 --> 00:30:21,350
Bado tuko mbio server yetu.

550
00:30:21,350 --> 00:30:23,910
Habari Jason.

551
00:30:23,910 --> 00:30:24,780
Habari Jason.

552
00:30:24,780 --> 00:30:25,810
Na ni kazi wakati huo.

553
00:30:25,810 --> 00:30:29,860
Na hivyo ndiyo ushahidi
kuwa unaweza kweli

554
00:30:29,860 --> 00:30:35,180
kutumia braces curly kwamba
kujua na upendo katika PHP kificho katika HTML.

555
00:30:35,180 --> 00:30:41,100
PHP kificho hutolewa kwa
wewe katika pset 6-- pset 6--

556
00:30:41,100 --> 00:30:44,760
hutoa njia nyingine ya
kufanya hivyo kitu kimoja.

557
00:30:44,760 --> 00:30:49,220
>> Hivyo basi, tuna nguvu.

558
00:30:49,220 --> 00:30:55,740
Tuna utendaji wa kutekeleza
PHP kificho kwamba tuliona katika pset 6

559
00:30:55,740 --> 00:30:57,390
na sisi wenyewe, kimsingi.

560
00:30:57,390 --> 00:31:01,350
Kabla ya kusonga mbele, ni nini baadhi ya
maswali kwamba una katika hatua hii?

561
00:31:01,350 --> 00:31:02,066
Ndiyo [inaudible].

562
00:31:02,066 --> 00:31:06,512
>> Watazamaji: Hivyo katika toleo katika pset6,
wakati wewe kukimbia, kuna nafasi.

563
00:31:06,512 --> 00:31:09,330
Na naona ambapo nafasi ni
baada ya comma. [Inaudible] kuanza

564
00:31:09,330 --> 00:31:10,700
mabano wazi.

565
00:31:10,700 --> 00:31:15,420
Jinsi gani unaweza kuingiza nafasi katika
njia aliandika codes yako mwenyewe?

566
00:31:15,420 --> 00:31:17,910
>> SPIKA: Hilo ni swali nzuri.

567
00:31:17,910 --> 00:31:21,650
Na hivyo hebu kufikiri kuwa nje.

568
00:31:21,650 --> 00:31:24,450
Hivyo hiyo ni swali nzuri kwa kweli
na moja kwamba sikuwa kuzingatia.

569
00:31:24,450 --> 00:31:25,950
Lakini hebu kufanya hivyo pamoja.

570
00:31:25,950 --> 00:31:30,280
>> Hivyo kwanza ya yote, nini
Mimi nina kufanya kwa echo

571
00:31:30,280 --> 00:31:33,690
ni wakati sisi tu echo
hodi, ni matokeo ya hodi.

572
00:31:33,690 --> 00:31:41,310
Kama sisi echo sasa hii kupata tarehe tofauti
line, hebu kuchunguza nini kinatokea.

573
00:31:41,310 --> 00:31:43,740
Hivyo sisi bonyeza huu.

574
00:31:43,740 --> 00:31:45,220
Sisi kuendelea kusema, hi Jason.

575
00:31:45,220 --> 00:31:48,690
Hivyo tena, hatuna nafasi hii.

576
00:31:48,690 --> 00:31:53,090
>> Na hiyo ndiyo sababu, katika
PHP, wakati tuna echo,

577
00:31:53,090 --> 00:31:55,820
bila kujali jinsi wengi
spaces-- nope, si V--

578
00:31:55,820 --> 00:32:01,770
bila kujali jinsi wengi nafasi sisi kuweka katika
here-- kama sisi sasa mzigo kwamba tena,

579
00:32:01,770 --> 00:32:03,010
hi Jason.

580
00:32:03,010 --> 00:32:05,770
Naam, kuona, wote wa wale
nafasi got kuliwa up.

581
00:32:05,770 --> 00:32:08,020
Na hicho ni kitu ambacho
kazi echo gani.

582
00:32:08,020 --> 00:32:11,110
>> Hivyo utunzaji wa
nafasi hiyo, na hii ni

583
00:32:11,110 --> 00:32:14,960
moja ya sababu
nini huna kutumia mwangwi

584
00:32:14,960 --> 00:32:18,200
na matumizi htmlspecialchars badala yake.

585
00:32:18,200 --> 00:32:22,140
Mimi nina curious gani
kutokea kama tulivyofanya hii

586
00:32:22,140 --> 00:32:26,700
ambapo sisi iliyoambatanishwa nafasi katika kamba.

587
00:32:26,700 --> 00:32:29,720
Mimi nina uhakika nini uaminifu
kitatokea wakati mimi kufanya hivyo.

588
00:32:29,720 --> 00:32:30,790
>> Hivyo hiyo ni njia moja.

589
00:32:30,790 --> 00:32:32,210
Hiyo ni njia mojawapo ya kuchukua huduma hiyo.

590
00:32:32,210 --> 00:32:34,840
Kama kufuta nafasi katika
kamba, kisha nafasi

591
00:32:34,840 --> 00:32:36,920
itakuwa pato vizuri na echo.

592
00:32:36,920 --> 00:32:41,930
Jambo salama kufanya ni
kufanya htmlspecialchars.

593
00:32:41,930 --> 00:32:43,800
Hiyo ni daima bet salama.

594
00:32:43,800 --> 00:32:47,050
Lakini sasa tuna njia ya kufanya
kwa echo kama ni lazima.

595
00:32:47,050 --> 00:32:50,700
Na katika njia sawa, tunaweza
echo mistari mpya, aina zote

596
00:32:50,700 --> 00:32:53,550
ya mambo wewe ni ukoo kufanya katika PHP.

597
00:32:53,550 --> 00:32:57,460
>> Mtu mwingine, ni tena
maswali ambayo watu wengine wana

598
00:32:57,460 --> 00:33:01,090
katika hatua hii kuhusu PHP?

599
00:33:01,090 --> 00:33:04,620
Kama watu walijitokeza kidogo marehemu,
Nina furaha kukaa baada ya kidogo

600
00:33:04,620 --> 00:33:06,420
na majadiliano juu ya baadhi ya mwanzo.

601
00:33:06,420 --> 00:33:10,380
Na ni pia wote livestreamed,
na jalada, ambayo ni mwenda wazimu.

602
00:33:10,380 --> 00:33:13,960
>> Hata hivyo, sasa hebu kufanya baadhi
zaidi ya juu ya mambo na PHP.

603
00:33:13,960 --> 00:33:18,790
Na moja ya mambo ya kwanza wewe
walikuwa kuletwa na katika C ni kwa mizunguko.

604
00:33:18,790 --> 00:33:24,060
Na PHP ina nguvu zaidi kwa
kitanzi foreach aitwaye kitanzi.

605
00:33:24,060 --> 00:33:37,940
Na inaonekana kama hii kwa kila tupu
kama tupu, mabano curly, kufanya lolote.

606
00:33:37,940 --> 00:33:41,500
Hivyo hii ni kimsingi shorthand.

607
00:33:41,500 --> 00:33:45,380
>> Angalia, kwa kitanzi kama
syntactical ujenzi

608
00:33:45,380 --> 00:33:50,590
ilikuwa kushauriana katika C na katika mkutano
lugha na mambo kama.

609
00:33:50,590 --> 00:33:56,300
Kushauriana katika C, just, kama shorthand
kwa mengi ya aina ya mizunguko

610
00:33:56,300 --> 00:33:57,750
kwamba watu kuona.

611
00:33:57,750 --> 00:34:01,230
Kama wakati wewe aliandika kitanzi, kuna
mara nyingi alikuwa initialization hatua

612
00:34:01,230 --> 00:34:04,700
kunyongwa haki katika mwanzo, a
hali ambapo kitanzi bila stop--

613
00:34:04,700 --> 00:34:07,030
na kwamba kipengele
hiyo ni katika wakati kitanzi,

614
00:34:07,030 --> 00:34:10,040
au kwamba wakati ina hasa
tu kwamba feature-- na kisha

615
00:34:10,040 --> 00:34:12,320
incrementation hatua mwishoni.

616
00:34:12,320 --> 00:34:16,489
Na hivyo utaweza mara nyingi kupata mwenyewe
kuandika kanuni kama yafuatayo.

617
00:34:16,489 --> 00:34:19,780
Mimi nina kwenda kufuta baadhi ya haya.

618
00:34:19,780 --> 00:34:23,850
>> Lakini kama sisi ni iterating kupitia
wahusika katika safu,

619
00:34:23,850 --> 00:34:26,960
Kwa mfano, kama tumekuwa
got safu ya wahusika.

620
00:34:26,960 --> 00:34:29,400
Pole kuleta nyuma C. Mimi najua,
unafikiri kwamba yalifanyika.

621
00:34:29,400 --> 00:34:31,900
Lakini ni tu kwa madhumuni
ya kujifunza PHP, mimi ahadi.

622
00:34:31,900 --> 00:34:38,880
Hivyo kama wewe got char str
ya urefu 8, na hebu

623
00:34:38,880 --> 00:34:46,760
kusema inasema Hellooo
na trailing null.

624
00:34:46,760 --> 00:34:48,270
Kubwa, hivyo hiyo ni kamba yetu.

625
00:34:48,270 --> 00:34:51,469
>> Na kisha tulikuwa na kwa kitanzi.

626
00:34:51,469 --> 00:34:53,730
Tuna int i sawa 0.

627
00:34:53,730 --> 00:34:57,960

628
00:34:57,960 --> 00:35:09,110
Na tunataka kujinasua wakati Str
ya i sawa si sawa kwa null,

629
00:35:09,110 --> 00:35:11,590
kwa sababu sisi kujinasua wakati ni sawa na null.

630
00:35:11,590 --> 00:35:19,170
Na kisha sisi kufanya i ++ katika kila
hatua katika kwa kitanzi.

631
00:35:19,170 --> 00:35:30,480
Kufanya kitu kwa str ya i.

632
00:35:30,480 --> 00:35:34,950
>> Hivyo fomula ya msingi ilikuwa,
tulikuwa na safu hii kwamba sisi

633
00:35:34,950 --> 00:35:37,910
alitaka kutibu mambo kama tofauti.

634
00:35:37,910 --> 00:35:45,170
Lakini nini tulikuwa na kufanya ni tulikuwa na
kimsingi kuunda integer tofauti

635
00:35:45,170 --> 00:35:50,530
kutofautiana kwamba alikuwa kuhesabu juu ya kila
wakati sisi akaenda kwa njia ya kitanzi.

636
00:35:50,530 --> 00:35:55,240
Na kisha tunataka kuwa na kisha kuwaita
strstr [i] wakati kile sisi kweli alitaka kufanya

637
00:35:55,240 --> 00:35:57,280
ni kwenda tu tabia
na tabia, sawa?

638
00:35:57,280 --> 00:36:00,185
Hatutaki increment
integer na kisha kutumia kwamba integer

639
00:36:00,185 --> 00:36:02,780
kupata kila tabia mmoja mmoja.

640
00:36:02,780 --> 00:36:04,410
Kweli tunataka tabia na tabia.

641
00:36:04,410 --> 00:36:08,600
>> Na hivyo kwa kila akili
mahesabu ya kwamba kwa ajili yetu.

642
00:36:08,600 --> 00:36:11,875
Kama tuna safu, ambayo
tunaweza kutangaza katika PHP

643
00:36:11,875 --> 00:36:15,900
kama just-- kama tuna kutofautiana
kuitwa, hebu simu yake safu.

644
00:36:15,900 --> 00:36:19,840
Miujiza ya hakuna kuandika, ni
kama kutofautiana nyingine yoyote.

645
00:36:19,840 --> 00:36:20,730
Ni tu safu.

646
00:36:20,730 --> 00:36:26,890
Na tuna kidogo [inaudible] kama 1,
2, 3, tu aina ya initialized safu.

647
00:36:26,890 --> 00:36:29,680
Ni sawa, ni hapendi foreach yangu.

648
00:36:29,680 --> 00:36:33,120
>> Lakini kama hatuwezi foreach-- kweli
Mimi niliandika kwamba makosa kidogo.

649
00:36:33,120 --> 00:36:34,840
Kuna njia mbili za kufanya foreach kitanzi.

650
00:36:34,840 --> 00:36:37,400
Kuna katika syntax na kama syntax.

651
00:36:37,400 --> 00:36:40,580
Na sisi ni kwenda kufanya
katika syntax kwanza, si kama.

652
00:36:40,580 --> 00:36:41,780
Hiyo ni kosa langu.

653
00:36:41,780 --> 00:36:53,785
>> Hivyo foreach num katika safu, echo num.

654
00:36:53,785 --> 00:36:56,970

655
00:36:56,970 --> 00:36:59,500
Na PHP ni kunguruma katika
mimi kwa sababu fulani.

656
00:36:59,500 --> 00:37:03,520
Ni kutafuta isiyotarajiwa
katika katika kitu,

657
00:37:03,520 --> 00:37:05,820
ambayo ni kidogo ya kujisumbua.

658
00:37:05,820 --> 00:37:09,105
Lakini tutaweza kufikiri
kwa nini kuwa ni katika wakati huu.

659
00:37:09,105 --> 00:37:11,960

660
00:37:11,960 --> 00:37:13,610
Hivyo si kama hiyo.

661
00:37:13,610 --> 00:37:15,040
Hebu jaribu kutumia kama.

662
00:37:15,040 --> 00:37:17,310
Ni vyema katika kama syntax ni inaonekana.

663
00:37:17,310 --> 00:37:22,550
Basi hebu kufanya foreach safu kama num.

664
00:37:22,550 --> 00:37:24,520
>> Hivyo maelezo kidogo
nini ilitokea tu

665
00:37:24,520 --> 00:37:30,670
ni kama syntax ni saying-- vizuri kwanza,
hebu tuangalie nini hii Prints nje.

666
00:37:30,670 --> 00:37:32,260
Hivyo sisi kufungua IDE yetu.

667
00:37:32,260 --> 00:37:33,110
Sisi kwenda hapa.

668
00:37:33,110 --> 00:37:35,845
Sisi tunasema, Habari Jason.

669
00:37:35,845 --> 00:37:41,390
Na ilivyokuwa 123, ambao walikuwa yaliyomo
wa safu kwamba sisi aliumba juu juu.

670
00:37:41,390 --> 00:37:45,500
>> Hivyo mbizi katika hii kitanzi foreach,
tuna kutofautiana kuitwa safu

671
00:37:45,500 --> 00:37:47,470
ambayo ni safu ya idadi mitatu.

672
00:37:47,470 --> 00:37:52,120
Na kisha tunafanya foreach
safu kama num, echo num.

673
00:37:52,120 --> 00:37:54,990
Na hiyo ndiyo zaidi
Intuitive kuliko kwa lop.

674
00:37:54,990 --> 00:38:02,380
Sisi ni kusema, kutibu kila mmoja
mambo katika safu kama num,

675
00:38:02,380 --> 00:38:05,180
Nataka unipe num.

676
00:38:05,180 --> 00:38:06,640
Na kwamba ni nini hasa ni kufanya.

677
00:38:06,640 --> 00:38:12,000
>> PHP ni kuhesabu kwamba
unaposema foreach safu,

678
00:38:12,000 --> 00:38:16,080
na wewe ni kushughulika na safu, nini
wewe ni kwenda kutaka iterate juu

679
00:38:16,080 --> 00:38:19,950
ni wahusika katika safu hiyo,
ni ints katika safu hiyo,

680
00:38:19,950 --> 00:38:21,920
ni mambo katika safu hiyo.

681
00:38:21,920 --> 00:38:26,110
Na ni kuruhusu kuhifadhi
vigezo wale kama num,

682
00:38:26,110 --> 00:38:29,360
na kisha tu pato num
mara moja badala ya kusema,

683
00:38:29,360 --> 00:38:34,090
Nina variable kuitwa i, na
kisha nataka pato strstr [i].

684
00:38:34,090 --> 00:38:39,130
>> Na hivyo kuwa inaruhusu sisi kufanya mambo ya baridi.

685
00:38:39,130 --> 00:38:43,330
Kama kimsingi hatuna kujenga
vigezo hivi kama i na kufanya yote

686
00:38:43,330 --> 00:38:45,090
mambo haya incrementation mwishoni.

687
00:38:45,090 --> 00:38:48,290
PHP inachukua huduma ya yote hayo kwa ajili yenu.

688
00:38:48,290 --> 00:38:54,470
>> Hivyo sasa hebu majadiliano juu ya foreach kama
inatumika kwa _GET kamusi yetu.

689
00:38:54,470 --> 00:38:57,170
Hivyo tutaweza kutoa maoni hii haraka nje.

690
00:38:57,170 --> 00:39:02,030
Hivyo tuna _GET yetu safu.

691
00:39:02,030 --> 00:39:04,361
Tuna kutofautiana hii.

692
00:39:04,361 --> 00:39:05,610
Na ni got baadhi ya mambo ndani yake.

693
00:39:05,610 --> 00:39:10,275
>> Hivi sasa, sisi tu kuwa na kutofautiana moja
kuwa alipita hiyo, ambayo ni jina.

694
00:39:10,275 --> 00:39:13,420
Lakini kama sisi vyombo vya habari Enter, sasa
tunaweza kuwa na vigezo mbili.

695
00:39:13,420 --> 00:39:17,910
Tunaweza kuwa na jina na umri, kwa mfano,
kama tunataka kupata umri na pia

696
00:39:17,910 --> 00:39:20,960
jina la mtu, funnily kutosha.

697
00:39:20,960 --> 00:39:25,690
>> Hivyo sasa _GET ni kwenda kuwa
kamusi na mambo mawili,

698
00:39:25,690 --> 00:39:27,980
na mbili thamani jozi ufunguo.

699
00:39:27,980 --> 00:39:33,490
Na key-- kwanza mimi nina kwenda kwa
kuandika hii moja juu ya bodi pia.

700
00:39:33,490 --> 00:39:37,136
Tuna kamusi yetu ni _GET.

701
00:39:37,136 --> 00:39:39,520
Pole, ni kidogo vigumu kuona.

702
00:39:39,520 --> 00:39:46,690
Lakini ndani ya kamusi yetu tuna
jina, ambayo ni kwenda kuwa kitu

703
00:39:46,690 --> 00:39:47,680
kwamba sisi ni kupewa.

704
00:39:47,680 --> 00:39:53,040
Na kutakuwa na umri, ambayo pia ni
kwenda kuwa kitu ambacho sisi ni kupewa.

705
00:39:53,040 --> 00:39:56,020
Na hii ni ukamilifu
ya kamusi yetu.

706
00:39:56,020 --> 00:39:57,730
>> Hivyo ni got mambo mawili ndani yake.

707
00:39:57,730 --> 00:40:01,310
Na hivyo kwa sababu foreach
mizunguko ni smart, sisi

708
00:40:01,310 --> 00:40:04,900
kufikiri, na kwa usahihi
kufikiri kwamba foreach

709
00:40:04,900 --> 00:40:08,080
Unaweza iterate kupitia hii
kamusi, uchapishaji nje

710
00:40:08,080 --> 00:40:10,850
maadili uliotolewa na jina na umri.

711
00:40:10,850 --> 00:40:14,510
>> Basi hebu kweli kufanya hivyo tu.

712
00:40:14,510 --> 00:40:17,520
Hebu kujenga foreach kitanzi.

713
00:40:17,520 --> 00:40:23,351
Na sisi ni kwenda kufanya kwa _GET kama.

714
00:40:23,351 --> 00:40:24,850
Na tunakwenda kufanya yafuatayo.

715
00:40:24,850 --> 00:40:34,186
Basi hebu angalia nini kinatokea kama sisi aina
neno tu, na kisha kusema neno echo.

716
00:40:34,186 --> 00:40:40,540
Sisi ni pia kwenda kurudia mstari mpya
tu kufanya hivyo wazi kidogo,

717
00:40:40,540 --> 00:40:41,260
nini kinaendelea.

718
00:40:41,260 --> 00:40:42,890
>> Basi hebu angalia.

719
00:40:42,890 --> 00:40:44,390
Siyo kunipa makosa yoyote.

720
00:40:44,390 --> 00:40:46,810
Na tutaweza kuifunga.

721
00:40:46,810 --> 00:40:51,020
Kwenye tovuti yetu, wewe ni kwenda kuwa kufanya
mengi ya kwamba katika kipindi cha pset7.

722
00:40:51,020 --> 00:40:53,890
Hivyo tunasema jina langu ni Sam.

723
00:40:53,890 --> 00:40:58,560
Umri wangu ni 45.

724
00:40:58,560 --> 00:41:01,060
Sio.

725
00:41:01,060 --> 00:41:05,640
Lakini Prints nje, kama ilivyotarajiwa, Sam 45.

726
00:41:05,640 --> 00:41:08,930
>> Na hivyo utasikia taarifa kwamba
nini foreach kitanzi did-- hapa,

727
00:41:08,930 --> 00:41:12,360
hebu kwenda nyuma na kwamba hivyo ni juu
juu ya board-- tunapata _GET kama neno.

728
00:41:12,360 --> 00:41:15,130
Na kulikuwa na mambo manne katika _GET.

729
00:41:15,130 --> 00:41:17,410
Lakini tu kuchapishwa mambo mawili.

730
00:41:17,410 --> 00:41:21,290
foreach, kuwa upelelezi wake binafsi,
kudhani kwamba kile sisi kweli alitaka

731
00:41:21,290 --> 00:41:24,100
Ilikuwa maadili, si funguo.

732
00:41:24,100 --> 00:41:27,800
>> Lakini kuna njia kwamba tunaweza magazeti
nje funguo pia, kama sisi alitaka.

733
00:41:27,800 --> 00:41:30,810
Kama tulitaka pia kujua nini
vigezo hivi waliitwa,

734
00:41:30,810 --> 00:41:33,540
kuna njia kwamba sisi
Unaweza kupata huu pia.

735
00:41:33,540 --> 00:41:36,840
Na njia ya aina ya kufanya hivyo,
hivyo tunaweza kusema, lets kweli

736
00:41:36,840 --> 00:41:39,485
mgawanyiko ndani thamani jozi ufunguo.

737
00:41:39,485 --> 00:41:42,370

738
00:41:42,370 --> 00:41:47,580
Basi hebu angalia nini kinatokea sasa.

739
00:41:47,580 --> 00:41:50,550
>> Hivyo tuna muhimu.

740
00:41:50,550 --> 00:41:52,290
Tuna thamani.

741
00:41:52,290 --> 00:41:56,650
Tuna mwingine mpya
mstari kwa readability.

742
00:41:56,650 --> 00:42:00,540
Na hebu angalia nini kinatokea
tukifanya hivi sasa.

743
00:42:00,540 --> 00:42:04,950

744
00:42:04,950 --> 00:42:06,720
Sijui umri gani Jason ni.

745
00:42:06,720 --> 00:42:09,180
Jason 15.

746
00:42:09,180 --> 00:42:11,650
Hivyo tuna jina Jason, umri wa miaka 15.

747
00:42:11,650 --> 00:42:15,830
Hivyo tulikuwa na uwezo wa kupata ufunguo
na jozi thamani ya kamusi huu

748
00:42:15,830 --> 00:42:18,590
tu kwa kusema pointi muhimu kwa thamani.

749
00:42:18,590 --> 00:42:23,350
Na hiyo ndiyo foreach kisintaksia
kidogo sukari ambayo inaruhusu

750
00:42:23,350 --> 00:42:25,960
wewe kupata mambo katika kamusi.

751
00:42:25,960 --> 00:42:31,190
>> Hivyo hopefully hii aina ya inasisitiza
nguvu ya foreach kitanzi.

752
00:42:31,190 --> 00:42:35,690
Unaweza kutupa pretty much
chochote ambacho inaonekana iterable,

753
00:42:35,690 --> 00:42:38,922
kama kitu chochote nyingi
mambo kama safu,

754
00:42:38,922 --> 00:42:41,880
kama dictionary-- wale ni wawili
mambo ya msingi wewe utakuwa kufanya kazi na

755
00:42:41,880 --> 00:42:45,630
wote katika maisha na katika pset 7.

756
00:42:45,630 --> 00:42:49,350
Hivyo unaweza kutupa mambo ambayo
saa hiyo, na itakuwa kufikiri

757
00:42:49,350 --> 00:42:51,030
nini unataka kufanya na hayo.

758
00:42:51,030 --> 00:42:54,250
Ni itabidi kusema, sawa, mimi nina kwenda kupata
mambo haya takwimu ambazo

759
00:42:54,250 --> 00:42:55,680
ilipitishwa na mimi.

760
00:42:55,680 --> 00:43:02,470
Na hicho ni kitu ambacho uko
itakuwa ni ya kutumia mengi ya katika pset 7.

761
00:43:02,470 --> 00:43:08,550
>> Mimi nina kwenda haraka kitabu
chini tu kuona ambapo mimi nina katika.

762
00:43:08,550 --> 00:43:11,410

763
00:43:11,410 --> 00:43:13,070
Je, watu wana maswali katika hatua hii?

764
00:43:13,070 --> 00:43:13,778
Maswali wakati wote?

765
00:43:13,778 --> 00:43:14,400
Ndiyo?

766
00:43:14,400 --> 00:43:18,320
>> Watazamaji: Hivyo kwa ufunguo na thamani,
unaweza jina hilo kitu kingine chochote

767
00:43:18,320 --> 00:43:20,507
na bado ingekuwa kazi?

768
00:43:20,507 --> 00:43:21,090
SPIKA: Oops.

769
00:43:21,090 --> 00:43:22,820
Wow, mimi kabisa kufutwa mstari mzima.

770
00:43:22,820 --> 00:43:23,380
Kazi kubwa.

771
00:43:23,380 --> 00:43:26,502
Kwa hiyo,.

772
00:43:26,502 --> 00:43:30,109
Ufunguo na thamani ni mkataba.

773
00:43:30,109 --> 00:43:30,650
Ni manufaa.

774
00:43:30,650 --> 00:43:34,010
Ungependa kupata baadhi kubuni
pointi, labda baadhi ya pointi style

775
00:43:34,010 --> 00:43:36,970
kwa kufanya hivyo kwa sababu ni
kweli zinaonyesha nia.

776
00:43:36,970 --> 00:43:39,650
Lakini tunasema a na yarp.

777
00:43:39,650 --> 00:43:42,476
>> Watazamaji: Huna kwa
kubadili jambo lolote katika HTML faili

778
00:43:42,476 --> 00:43:43,607
ili kutafakari hayo?

779
00:43:43,607 --> 00:43:44,440
SPIKA: Si wakati wote.

780
00:43:44,440 --> 00:43:47,260
Watazamaji: Na tu anajua kwamba
kwa sababu ya sawa than-- zaidi

781
00:43:47,260 --> 00:43:47,801
SPIKA: Ndiyo.

782
00:43:47,801 --> 00:43:49,489
Watazamaji: --that kiashiria kwamba that's--

783
00:43:49,489 --> 00:43:50,030
SPIKA: Ndiyo.

784
00:43:50,030 --> 00:43:52,260
Hiyo ni foreach syntax, lakini ndiyo.

785
00:43:52,260 --> 00:43:53,720
>> Watazamaji: ni Kuna si aina.

786
00:43:53,720 --> 00:43:57,230
Kwa hiyo kile kama alitaka
umri kuwa idadi tu?

787
00:43:57,230 --> 00:43:59,510
Je, kuna njia ya kufanya hivyo?

788
00:43:59,510 --> 00:44:04,550
>> SPIKA: Kuna njia ya kuangalia kama
vigezo kuendana na aina fulani.

789
00:44:04,550 --> 00:44:08,482
Hivyo PHP anauliza kidogo zaidi kutoka
wewe kwa sababu hakuna aina katika.

790
00:44:08,482 --> 00:44:09,440
Baadhi ya njia anauliza chini.

791
00:44:09,440 --> 00:44:11,070
Katika baadhi ya njia anauliza zaidi.

792
00:44:11,070 --> 00:44:13,320
Kwa sababu kama una tu
kitu katika kutofautiana,

793
00:44:13,320 --> 00:44:14,960
hawana wazo ni aina gani ni.

794
00:44:14,960 --> 00:44:19,310
Lakini kama wewe ni smart kuhusu vigezo
kwamba kuwapa aina ya na kuhakikisha

795
00:44:19,310 --> 00:44:22,750
kwamba kazi tu wewe return--
wanataka kazi kwa kurudi tu

796
00:44:22,750 --> 00:44:26,210
aina moja ya thamani ili
kuwa unaweza kimsingi

797
00:44:26,210 --> 00:44:31,090
kutarajia kwamba kutofautiana kupata nyuma
kutoka kazi itakuwa ya aina

798
00:44:31,090 --> 00:44:32,780
ambayo unadhani itakuwa, kimsingi.

799
00:44:32,780 --> 00:44:36,550
>> Lakini kuna baadhi ya mbinu
ambayo unaweza kuangalia.

800
00:44:36,550 --> 00:44:39,801
Sikumbuki yao
mbali juu ya kichwa yangu.

801
00:44:39,801 --> 00:44:43,300
Mimi nina kusubiri kwa kuwa na kurejea bluu.

802
00:44:43,300 --> 00:44:45,560
isint?

803
00:44:45,560 --> 00:44:48,070
isstr?

804
00:44:48,070 --> 00:44:52,000
Kuna njia
kujengwa katika PHP ambayo yanaweza

805
00:44:52,000 --> 00:44:54,440
kuangalia aina ya vigezo kwa ajili yenu.

806
00:44:54,440 --> 00:44:58,250
Lakini kama wewe kuwapa vigezo
smartly, unapaswa

807
00:44:58,250 --> 00:45:01,330
kuwa kufanya hivyo sana katika pset 7.

808
00:45:01,330 --> 00:45:02,780
Lakini njia hizo kufanya kuwepo.

809
00:45:02,780 --> 00:45:06,704
Na hicho ni kitu ambacho
ni katika lugha yenyewe.

810
00:45:06,704 --> 00:45:08,370
Na Sikumbuki syntax sahihi.

811
00:45:08,370 --> 00:45:09,930
Tunaweza hata kuangalia ni juu.

812
00:45:09,930 --> 00:45:11,974
Lakini muda ni kiini.

813
00:45:11,974 --> 00:45:13,890
Je, kuwa na mtu mwingine
una maswali yoyote zaidi?

814
00:45:13,890 --> 00:45:14,660
Ndiyo.

815
00:45:14,660 --> 00:45:15,951
>> Watazamaji: Nina moja tu zaidi.

816
00:45:15,951 --> 00:45:19,050
Hivyo alieleza njia GET, lakini
wewe hakutaja njia POST.

817
00:45:19,050 --> 00:45:20,500
Je, sisi kuja nyuma na kwamba?

818
00:45:20,500 --> 00:45:21,540
>> SPIKA: Ndiyo, sisi
kuwa kuja nyuma na kwamba.

819
00:45:21,540 --> 00:45:24,840
Hiyo ni nini hasa nilikuwa kutafuta
katika simu yangu, ambayo sasa usingizi,

820
00:45:24,840 --> 00:45:26,960
lakini mimi itabidi kupata hiyo.

821
00:45:26,960 --> 00:45:30,680
Tu kuhakikisha sisi kugonga
wote wa maelezo PHP.

822
00:45:30,680 --> 00:45:35,640
Yep, hakuna toleo la debugging.

823
00:45:35,640 --> 00:45:41,940
Ndiyo, tuna mambo kadhaa zaidi kwamba
tunataka kufanya sasa katika hatua hii.

824
00:45:41,940 --> 00:45:45,980
>> Hivyo kuzungumza juu POST,
ambayo zilizotajwa,

825
00:45:45,980 --> 00:45:49,630
Tofauti pekee
kati ya kupata na POST ni

826
00:45:49,630 --> 00:45:53,150
kwamba kukumbuka wakati sisi inaonekana
katika URL hii na tuliona, loo,

827
00:45:53,150 --> 00:45:58,270
jina ni sawa na umri na ni sawa na yarp
ni haki URL huko kwa ajili yetu.

828
00:45:58,270 --> 00:46:03,300
POST ni kidogo zaidi ya siri
kwa kupita wake wa habari.

829
00:46:03,300 --> 00:46:08,090
>> Hivyo kama wewe hakutaka mtumiaji
kujua, kwa mfano, wewe

830
00:46:08,090 --> 00:46:11,160
hakutaka jina
na neno la siri ya mtu

831
00:46:11,160 --> 00:46:15,080
sasa watumiaji katika na kuonyeshwa katika
URL, ambayo ni jambo nzuri

832
00:46:15,080 --> 00:46:17,770
kwa sitaki katika URL,
kwa sababu kuna mtu anaweza kuiona.

833
00:46:17,770 --> 00:46:21,520
Kama wao kuhusisha mtu ukurasa, wewe
hawataki URL yao plastered huko,

834
00:46:21,520 --> 00:46:27,850
kwa sababu ambayo ingeweza kuruhusu watu kuingia
tu kwa pasting ya URL badala

835
00:46:27,850 --> 00:46:29,670
ya kweli kujaza fomu.

836
00:46:29,670 --> 00:46:31,710
POST ni kidogo siri zaidi.

837
00:46:31,710 --> 00:46:34,150
>> Na mambo tu kwamba
tutaweza kuwa na mabadiliko

838
00:46:34,150 --> 00:46:38,550
ni njia hii, mabadiliko
kutoka kupata baada.

839
00:46:38,550 --> 00:46:42,367
Na kisha ndani ya HTTP, badala
ya kupata safu _GET,

840
00:46:42,367 --> 00:46:43,950
tunakwenda kupata safu _POST.

841
00:46:43,950 --> 00:46:48,600
>> Na tutaweza taarifa kwamba, ikiwa
sisi kufungua nyuma hii tena,

842
00:46:48,600 --> 00:46:51,910
Jason polepole kupungua katika umri.

843
00:46:51,910 --> 00:46:53,230
jina Jason, umri wa miaka 14.

844
00:46:53,230 --> 00:46:54,280
Mambo sawa pops up.

845
00:46:54,280 --> 00:46:57,190
Lakini sisi kwenda URL na
vigezo wale ni huko.

846
00:46:57,190 --> 00:47:00,540
>> Na kwa njia hiyo POST
passes-- hivyo kumbuka

847
00:47:00,540 --> 00:47:02,750
jinsi ya kuangalia chanzo cha ukurasa.

848
00:47:02,750 --> 00:47:04,570
Sisi kwenda kwa mtandao.

849
00:47:04,570 --> 00:47:06,920
Sisi kupata mahitaji.

850
00:47:06,920 --> 00:47:10,690
Na hili ni jambo jingine ambalo
POST nitakupa onyo kuhusu.

851
00:47:10,690 --> 00:47:15,050
Unaweza kuwa na kuonekana sanduku, maandishi
sanduku kama hiki katika kivinjari chako.

852
00:47:15,050 --> 00:47:18,170
Una uhakika unataka
kupeleka fomu tena?

853
00:47:18,170 --> 00:47:21,170
POST ni nini 's kutuma fomu hizo.

854
00:47:21,170 --> 00:47:24,680
>> Kwa sababu kimsingi kama wewe alimtuma yako
kadi habari kwa mtu,

855
00:47:24,680 --> 00:47:26,350
kwamba si kwenda show up katika URL.

856
00:47:26,350 --> 00:47:28,180
Hiyo inaenda kuwa ombi POST.

857
00:47:28,180 --> 00:47:32,905
Hivyo wakati wewe kupata mahitaji ukurasa,
ni resending kwamba ombi baada.

858
00:47:32,905 --> 00:47:35,530
Hivyo sasa hatuna unataka kutuma
kuunda tena kwa sababu si kwenda

859
00:47:35,530 --> 00:47:37,340
kujenga manunuzi yoyote duplicate.

860
00:47:37,340 --> 00:47:41,160
>> Na tutaweza taarifa kwamba chini hapa,
Njia sisi ni kutumia ni POST.

861
00:47:41,160 --> 00:47:43,065
Na kweli alifanya kuhamisha ka.

862
00:47:43,065 --> 00:47:45,460
Ni kuhamishiwa 401 kati yao.

863
00:47:45,460 --> 00:47:47,190
Programu hiyo pretty vidogo.

864
00:47:47,190 --> 00:47:51,600
Lakini kuna mahali pa tuweze kuona
maadili ambayo ni kuwa alipita.

865
00:47:51,600 --> 00:47:59,540
Kurasa za mtandao wenyewe unaweza kuona,
lakini sisi kama watumiaji si na uwezo wa kuona,

866
00:47:59,540 --> 00:48:01,650
kama wewe ni hacker.

867
00:48:01,650 --> 00:48:05,340
Kama uko hacker nzuri, unaweza kuangalia.

868
00:48:05,340 --> 00:48:09,360
>> Kama unajua msingi
muundo wa HTML,

869
00:48:09,360 --> 00:48:11,790
maadili itafanya
wenyewe inayojulikana katika kurasa.

870
00:48:11,790 --> 00:48:13,160
Wewe utakuwa na uwezo wa kuona.

871
00:48:13,160 --> 00:48:16,720
Maadili watakuwepo, wao uko
kidogo tu chini ya dhahiri kwa ajili yenu

872
00:48:16,720 --> 00:48:19,522
kupata, kimsingi.

873
00:48:19,522 --> 00:48:23,620
>> Je, tuna lolote zaidi
maswali kuhusu GET, POST

874
00:48:23,620 --> 00:48:26,800
kabla, nini tunakwenda kufanya ijayo
ni kweli kuangalia baadhi ya kanuni

875
00:48:26,800 --> 00:48:30,837
kwamba wewe ni kutoa katika pset 7, majadiliano juu ya
jinsi anatumia baadhi ya dhana hizi,

876
00:48:30,837 --> 00:48:32,670
na majadiliano juu ya
mambo ambayo unaenda

877
00:48:32,670 --> 00:48:35,090
kwa kufanya kidogo katika pset 7.

878
00:48:35,090 --> 00:48:36,760
Maswali yoyote zaidi kabla ya kuwa?

879
00:48:36,760 --> 00:48:38,047
Maswali zaidi nyie na?

880
00:48:38,047 --> 00:48:41,250

881
00:48:41,250 --> 00:48:41,840
Kubwa.

882
00:48:41,840 --> 00:48:45,370
>> Haki wote, hebu angalia
kidogo katika pset 7,

883
00:48:45,370 --> 00:48:49,530
hakuna shaka kile wewe ni
msisimko wote zaidi kuhusu.

884
00:48:49,530 --> 00:48:52,126

885
00:48:52,126 --> 00:48:54,750
I mean, hii ni kitu ambacho
Daudi huenda kwa njia kidogo.

886
00:48:54,750 --> 00:49:00,890
Lakini tutaweza kuwa directories tatu katika
juu, ikiwa ni pamoja na faili Configuration.

887
00:49:00,890 --> 00:49:04,650
Hiyo ni kwa databaser, ambayo tutaweza
majadiliano juu katika dakika tano.

888
00:49:04,650 --> 00:49:07,220
Pamoja na, kamwe haja
kuangalia katika saraka hii

889
00:49:07,220 --> 00:49:12,480
kama wewe hawataki lakini ni nzuri kwa
kujua kuna kila aina ya wasaidizi.

890
00:49:12,480 --> 00:49:14,210
Wasaidizi ni kama kazi na manufaa.

891
00:49:14,210 --> 00:49:18,120
Na kisha tuna config,
ambayo unaweka baadhi ya mambo up.

892
00:49:18,120 --> 00:49:24,590
>> Kuna baadhi ya kazi ambayo CS50 ina
Imeandikwa kwamba ni katika msaidizi na config.

893
00:49:24,590 --> 00:49:27,250
Na baadhi ya PHP kwamba
Tayari exits katika mafaili

894
00:49:27,250 --> 00:49:30,880
kufanya mengi ya aina zaidi
ya butu mguu kazi kwa ajili yenu.

895
00:49:30,880 --> 00:49:35,250
Kama tukienda kwenye umma
login.php, ambayo ni nini

896
00:49:35,250 --> 00:49:38,350
inaonyesha juu ya haki wakati wa kwenda katika pset 7.

897
00:49:38,350 --> 00:49:40,580
Tutaweza kuona kwamba kuna
huu zinahitaji taarifa.

898
00:49:40,580 --> 00:49:43,420
Na kwamba aina ya kama
mkali ni pamoja na alama

899
00:49:43,420 --> 00:49:46,850
pamoja na kama wewe ni wa kizazi karibu zaidi.

900
00:49:46,850 --> 00:49:49,740
Lakini hii kimsingi
inasema kwamba mimi haja ya upatikanaji

901
00:49:49,740 --> 00:49:52,260
kwa kazi zote katika config.php.

902
00:49:52,260 --> 00:49:55,290
Na unaweza kuwa na kuhitaji
kwa kila aina ya mambo mengine.

903
00:49:55,290 --> 00:49:59,670
>> config kweli inahitaji wasaidizi.

904
00:49:59,670 --> 00:50:02,490
Hivyo wakati wowote unahitaji
config, uko pia

905
00:50:02,490 --> 00:50:05,660
ikiwa ni pamoja na au wanaohitaji wasaidizi pia.

906
00:50:05,660 --> 00:50:09,590
Hivyo kwamba inatoa huduma kwa watu wote
baridi kazi ambayo sisi ni kwenda kutumia,

907
00:50:09,590 --> 00:50:10,420
mambo kama atatoa.

908
00:50:10,420 --> 00:50:13,490
Mimi nina kweli kwenda kupunguza
huu chini kidogo.

909
00:50:13,490 --> 00:50:16,280
Hivyo kazi kisha tuko
kwenda kutembea kwa njia

910
00:50:16,280 --> 00:50:22,380
muda mfupi kabla ya kuendelea na SQL kidogo
kidogo ni login.php kazi, tu

911
00:50:22,380 --> 00:50:26,586
kwa sababu inatumia baadhi ya mada
kwamba sisi tu kuongelea katika PHP.

912
00:50:26,586 --> 00:50:30,840
>> Unaweza kuona jambo la kwanza ni kama $ _SERVER.

913
00:50:30,840 --> 00:50:34,500
Hii ni kutofautiana nyingine kimataifa ambayo
wewe ni kwenda kuwa kushughulika na.

914
00:50:34,500 --> 00:50:38,460
Ni kama _GET na _POST, lakini kile
server ina ni hii unaweza basi wewe

915
00:50:38,460 --> 00:50:42,730
kujua kama njia ya ombi
ilikuwa GET au POST.

916
00:50:42,730 --> 00:50:47,250
Kama hapo awali nini tunafanya
ni tu katika kanuni zetu kwamba sisi aliandika,

917
00:50:47,250 --> 00:50:51,880
tulikuwa kubadilisha tu kuwa ni kupata na
POST kutegemea na nini HTML ina.

918
00:50:51,880 --> 00:50:55,120
Lakini kuna kurasa ambazo zinaweza
kupatikana kwa aina zote mbili ya maombi.

919
00:50:55,120 --> 00:50:57,410
Na unaweza kutaka kufanya
mambo tofauti kulingana

920
00:50:57,410 --> 00:50:59,740
na aina ya ombi,
kama kuingia gani.

921
00:50:59,740 --> 00:51:04,400
>> Hivyo unaweza kuangalia ombi hilo
Njia kupitia kupata funguo,

922
00:51:04,400 --> 00:51:08,630
kupitia kwa kutumia ufunguo na kupata
thamani ya kitu katika kamusi

923
00:51:08,630 --> 00:51:10,260
_SERVER.

924
00:51:10,260 --> 00:51:13,800
Hivyo hiyo ni mwingine wa kimataifa
kutofautiana kama _GET na _POST.

925
00:51:13,800 --> 00:51:16,990
>> Kama ni kupata, tunataka
atatoa fomu ya kuingia.

926
00:51:16,990 --> 00:51:21,920
Atatoa ni kazi ambayo kimsingi
tu unaweka juu HTML sahihi

927
00:51:21,920 --> 00:51:24,500
na hupita baadhi ya vigezo.

928
00:51:24,500 --> 00:51:28,740
Jina hili ni parameter kwamba ni
kutumika katika kuonyesha, oddly kutosha,

929
00:51:28,740 --> 00:51:32,670
jina la ukurasa katika
swali, kitu hapa,

930
00:51:32,670 --> 00:51:34,850
kusema au hodi katika mfano wetu uliopita.

931
00:51:34,850 --> 00:51:36,100
Sasa tuna jambo tofauti.

932
00:51:36,100 --> 00:51:38,570
Mwingine kama ni POST, sisi
kufanya baadhi ya mambo mengine.

933
00:51:38,570 --> 00:51:40,790
Sisi ni kutumia mbinu kwamba tupu.

934
00:51:40,790 --> 00:51:42,750
Ni haipo, ni mtupu.

935
00:51:42,750 --> 00:51:45,440
Na tuliona kabla, PHP
ina kiasi haki ya kujengwa

936
00:51:45,440 --> 00:51:52,370
katika mbinu kwamba Daudi will-- kama kuna
ni mbinu ambayo ni muhimu kwako,

937
00:51:52,370 --> 00:51:55,560
watakuwa wamehamasika na wewe
katika kutembea kwa njia ya kwamba Daudi

938
00:51:55,560 --> 00:51:59,770
inatoa maelezo ya jumla katika mwanzo,
na pia Zamyla ya kusaidia bits.

939
00:51:59,770 --> 00:52:01,040
Yeye ni nyuma ya kila mtu.

940
00:52:01,040 --> 00:52:03,100
Tunaweza vyote hufurahi.

941
00:52:03,100 --> 00:52:06,530
kuomba msamaha ni aptly aitwaye kazi
kuwa tu kimsingi Prints nje

942
00:52:06,530 --> 00:52:10,130
ujumbe baadhi makosa,
kwa sababu CS50 ni heshima sana.

943
00:52:10,130 --> 00:52:14,770
>> Na sasa hii, hii ni
gumu kidogo kwa sababu hii

944
00:52:14,770 --> 00:52:16,697
Hapa ndipo sisi ni querying database.

945
00:52:16,697 --> 00:52:18,280
Sasa sisi si aliyesema kuhusu database.

946
00:52:18,280 --> 00:52:22,220
Na tunakwenda katika kipindi cha
muda wa dakika tano au hivyo, kiwango cha juu.

947
00:52:22,220 --> 00:52:24,980
Lakini hii ni kazi
kwamba CS50 ameandika

948
00:52:24,980 --> 00:52:38,050
kupata meza kimsingi kutoka orodha
kwamba sisi ni kufanya kazi na katika pset 7.

949
00:52:38,050 --> 00:52:40,860
Mimi kwa kweli mbaya na yangu
sifuri Indexing leo.

950
00:52:40,860 --> 00:52:42,060
Lakini ndiyo, ni 7.

951
00:52:42,060 --> 00:52:46,340
>> Hivyo swala hilo kwenda na kurudi
safu, kimsingi ni muhimu kidogo.

952
00:52:46,340 --> 00:52:54,130
Na kwa sababu ya hayo hawana
kuandika, hivyo safu ni safu ya arrays.

953
00:52:54,130 --> 00:52:59,480
Kwa sababu wakati sisi ni kufikiri kuhusu
meza, nini tunakwenda kufanya

954
00:52:59,480 --> 00:53:04,830
ni, kama wewe kujifunza katika psets
kama mchezo wa 15, hata hivyo

955
00:53:04,830 --> 00:53:06,990
ambapo alikuwa na kutumia
mara mbili safu, sisi kimsingi

956
00:53:06,990 --> 00:53:15,210
safu ya wengine
arrays hufanya meza.

957
00:53:15,210 --> 00:53:18,150
Na nimepata safu na nguzo.

958
00:53:18,150 --> 00:53:24,450
Na kisha unaweza kuzipata kama
[0] [1], kupata [0] [1].

959
00:53:24,450 --> 00:53:26,900
Mambo ya msingi kama hayo.

960
00:53:26,900 --> 00:53:29,380
>> Hivyo nini sisi ni kufanya
hapa katika kazi hii,

961
00:53:29,380 --> 00:53:35,070
sisi ni kuuliza orodha
kama mtumiaji hiyo ni

962
00:53:35,070 --> 00:53:40,200
kujaribu kuingia, ambayo itakuwa
kutumwa kwa njia ya mbinu POST.

963
00:53:40,200 --> 00:53:43,950
Tutaweza kuona sisi ni kupata
jina la mtumiaji kutoka _POST.

964
00:53:43,950 --> 00:53:46,900
Wao itabidi wametuma, user
au wewe, atapeleka thamani

965
00:53:46,900 --> 00:53:50,750
kupitia fomu kupitia POST kwa sababu
ni username na password mambo ya ajabu.

966
00:53:50,750 --> 00:53:54,830
Sisi ni kuangalia jina la mtumiaji
kuona, ni hii katika meza?

967
00:53:54,830 --> 00:53:58,070
Kwa sababu kama mtumiaji ni magogo
katika, basi jina la mtumiaji yao

968
00:53:58,070 --> 00:54:03,320
kuhifadhiwa katika meza ya
watumiaji ambazo zipo kwa ajili ya tovuti hii.

969
00:54:03,320 --> 00:54:09,360
Hivyo kimsingi kama
user ni katika orodha,

970
00:54:09,360 --> 00:54:16,400
swala ni kwenda na kurudi
kuwa mstari, ambayo ni safu.

971
00:54:16,400 --> 00:54:24,560
>> Lakini sehemu gumu ni kwamba kama hata kama
safu mbili tu ya mstari mmoja,

972
00:54:24,560 --> 00:54:31,900
hata kama ni mstari mmoja array--
kama nimepata basically--

973
00:54:31,900 --> 00:54:36,900
kama nimepata ukubwa moja safu
hiyo ni kufanya safu mwingine,

974
00:54:36,900 --> 00:54:38,940
wewe ni kweli kushughulika na safu moja.

975
00:54:38,940 --> 00:54:41,420
Lakini bado kutibiwa
kama safu mbili.

976
00:54:41,420 --> 00:54:44,560
>> Na hii ni mahali ambapo wakati mwingine kupata
gumu, kwa sababu sisi tumepewa safu hapa.

977
00:54:44,560 --> 00:54:46,440
Kutofautiana yetu ni safu.

978
00:54:46,440 --> 00:54:48,590
Na kisha sisi ni kujenga
kutofautiana kuitwa safu mpya

979
00:54:48,590 --> 00:54:51,450
na kuiandaa sawa na
safu ya kwanza ya safu.

980
00:54:51,450 --> 00:54:55,150
Na utasikia taarifa kwamba maoni
anasema ni mstari wa kwanza na pekee.

981
00:54:55,150 --> 00:54:57,080
>> Hivyo hii ni gumu
sehemu ambapo sasa kazi

982
00:54:57,080 --> 00:54:59,660
anaweza kurudi arrays kwa urahisi sana.

983
00:54:59,660 --> 00:55:01,270
Kuna si mallocs.

984
00:55:01,270 --> 00:55:02,280
Huwezi kuona mallocs.

985
00:55:02,280 --> 00:55:03,940
Hivyo huwezi kuona makosa seg.

986
00:55:03,940 --> 00:55:08,380
Lakini kazi bado kuwa kupita
karibu arrays na data katika vikundi.

987
00:55:08,380 --> 00:55:12,250
Na una kuwa na wasiwasi wa nini
hasa kazi yako atarudi.

988
00:55:12,250 --> 00:55:15,160
Na hata kama ni moja
safu kama hii, swala

989
00:55:15,160 --> 00:55:17,520
bado ni kwenda na kurudi safu mbili.

990
00:55:17,520 --> 00:55:21,390
Hivyo kwa upatikanaji kwamba column-- au wewe
unaweza kufikiria yote haya kama inverted

991
00:55:21,390 --> 00:55:22,870
tangu tunazungumzia safu.

992
00:55:22,870 --> 00:55:26,810
Lakini kupata kwamba mstari mmoja,
huwezi tu kusema safu.

993
00:55:26,810 --> 00:55:31,540
Hata ingawa ni mstari mmoja, una
Je, rowsrows [0] kwa aina ya kuondoa hii

994
00:55:31,540 --> 00:55:37,360
nje kidogo ya safu na
na tu yako mstari mmoja.

995
00:55:37,360 --> 00:55:38,342
>> Je, baadhi ya mambo mengine.

996
00:55:38,342 --> 00:55:40,050
Kuna kazi
aitwaye password_verify

997
00:55:40,050 --> 00:55:42,980
kwamba inathibitisha
neno la siri kwamba alikuwa posted.

998
00:55:42,980 --> 00:55:48,500
Na kisha sisi kuona mwingine wa kimataifa
kutofautiana hapa, _SESSION.

999
00:55:48,500 --> 00:55:51,340
Kimsingi kikao id
ni jinsi gani kuweka wimbo

1000
00:55:51,340 --> 00:55:53,990
ya kama mtu ni watumiaji katika au la.

1001
00:55:53,990 --> 00:55:58,590
Hivyo sasa hivi kwa login.php,
sisi ni magogo mtumiaji katika.

1002
00:55:58,590 --> 00:56:01,920
Basi nini tunataka kufanya ni tunataka
kusema kikao id ni sawa na mstari

1003
00:56:01,920 --> 00:56:05,890
kitambulisho, ambayo inafanya hisia tu kwa sababu
kila mstari itakuwa na kitambulisho mbalimbali

1004
00:56:05,890 --> 00:56:07,239
idadi kama sehemu ya meza.

1005
00:56:07,239 --> 00:56:09,280
Tutaweza kupata katika SQL katika
pili, hivyo kama mojawapo ya hii

1006
00:56:09,280 --> 00:56:13,500
Inaonekana kidogo kama blah,
kisha wote watakuwa kuchukuliwa.

1007
00:56:13,500 --> 00:56:18,450
Lakini tunakwenda kuweka kitambulisho sawa na
Jambo sahihi, magogo mtumiaji katika.

1008
00:56:18,450 --> 00:56:20,530
Kuomba msamaha kama kitu kitaenda vibaya.

1009
00:56:20,530 --> 00:56:27,600
Na kwamba ni logins lengo katika
maisha kama Profesa Malan kusema.

1010
00:56:27,600 --> 00:56:29,130
>> Ili kwamba ilikuwa login.php.

1011
00:56:29,130 --> 00:56:33,750
Na mengi ya kanuni PHP kuandika
katika pset 7, wao utakuwa kidogo.

1012
00:56:33,750 --> 00:56:36,470
Usisahau chmod kwa
ruhusa sahihi.

1013
00:56:36,470 --> 00:56:40,180
Kutakuwa na kidogo kuhusu
kuwa katika mwanzo wa spec.

1014
00:56:40,180 --> 00:56:46,382
>> Lakini PHP kwamba wewe ni
kuandika ni kwenda kuwa

1015
00:56:46,382 --> 00:56:47,840
kufanya mambo ambayo ni sawa na hii.

1016
00:56:47,840 --> 00:56:49,715
Wewe ni kwenda kuwa
kupata baadhi ya mambo ambayo

1017
00:56:49,715 --> 00:56:52,760
ni aliyopewa na wewe katika
vigezo kimataifa ya PHP kwamba

1018
00:56:52,760 --> 00:56:56,105
ni kushughulika na sasa
watumiaji katika user, kama kuna

1019
00:56:56,105 --> 00:57:00,460
wamekuwa maombi kupelekwa huu
ukurasa, mambo mbalimbali kama hicho.

1020
00:57:00,460 --> 00:57:05,790
Na pia itakuwa uwezekano
iterating kupitia safu ya jambo hili.

1021
00:57:05,790 --> 00:57:09,010
>> Katika mbalimbali kazi, swala
haina kurudi safu hii mara mbili.

1022
00:57:09,010 --> 00:57:11,450
Na kama kuna zaidi
kuliko safu moja ndani yake,

1023
00:57:11,450 --> 00:57:15,080
kama kuna are-- ndiyo, kama kuna
ni safu zaidi ya moja ndani yake,

1024
00:57:15,080 --> 00:57:16,870
basi itakuwa meza.

1025
00:57:16,870 --> 00:57:20,500
Na unaweza kutaka iterate
kupitia safu ya safu hii kwa kutumia

1026
00:57:20,500 --> 00:57:22,860
foreach kitanzi kwamba sisi ilivyoelezwa.

1027
00:57:22,860 --> 00:57:30,270
>> Hivyo kama wewe kufanya foreach juu ya mara mbili
safu, nini mapenzi word-- hapa,

1028
00:57:30,270 --> 00:57:31,909
Mimi itabidi kweli kuandika hayo.

1029
00:57:31,909 --> 00:57:32,950
Mimi itabidi kuandika haraka hapa.

1030
00:57:32,950 --> 00:57:44,280
>> Kama tuna foreach wa safu
kama mstari, nini aina ya mstari?

1031
00:57:44,280 --> 00:57:45,390
Je, mtu yeyote kujua?

1032
00:57:45,390 --> 00:57:54,000

1033
00:57:54,000 --> 00:57:54,500
Umeipata?

1034
00:57:54,500 --> 00:57:57,110
Hivyo safu safu mbili.

1035
00:57:57,110 --> 00:58:02,810
Kwa hiyo kile ni foreach kwenda kudai
kwamba tunataka kutoka safu hii mara mbili

1036
00:58:02,810 --> 00:58:04,280
kama sisi ni iterating juu yake?

1037
00:58:04,280 --> 00:58:07,170

1038
00:58:07,170 --> 00:58:10,770
Tunaweza kudhani kuwa kimsingi
ni kwenda kuwa mambo aidha,

1039
00:58:10,770 --> 00:58:14,970
au safu, au nguzo, kimsingi.

1040
00:58:14,970 --> 00:58:18,740
Na hivyo safu na nguzo sisi
unaweza kutibu kama kitu kimoja.

1041
00:58:18,740 --> 00:58:23,880
>> Kimsingi nini foreach kitanzi ni kwenda
kufanya ni kwenda na kurudi safu.

1042
00:58:23,880 --> 00:58:28,500
mstari ni kwenda kuwa ya aina mfululizo,
ambapo safu safu mbili.

1043
00:58:28,500 --> 00:58:32,290
Hivyo kama wewe kutoa foreach
safu mbili, ni

1044
00:58:32,290 --> 00:58:35,830
si kwenda iterate
kiwango cha zaidi ya moja kirefu.

1045
00:58:35,830 --> 00:58:44,464
Ambayo kimsingi ni kusema kama kuna
ni seli nane katika hii table-- 1,2,

1046
00:58:44,464 --> 00:58:48,110
3: 4, 5, 6, 7, 8--
foreach kitanzi ni si

1047
00:58:48,110 --> 00:58:51,880
kwenda kwenda kupitia katika kila seli hizi.

1048
00:58:51,880 --> 00:58:56,390
Nini foreach kitanzi kufanya
ilikuwa ni watapitia mstari huu,

1049
00:58:56,390 --> 00:58:57,870
kukupa safu hii nzima.

1050
00:58:57,870 --> 00:58:59,410
Na kisha kutakuwa na kwenda kwa njia ya mstari huo.

1051
00:58:59,410 --> 00:59:01,850
>> Hivyo iterates tu ngazi moja kirefu.

1052
00:59:01,850 --> 00:59:05,310
Ikiwa kuongeza nested
foreach kitanzi, basi

1053
00:59:05,310 --> 00:59:16,280
unaweza kutibu kila mstari akarudi kutoka
safu, unaweza kufanya foreach mstari kama kipengele,

1054
00:59:16,280 --> 00:59:17,640
hebu sema.

1055
00:59:17,640 --> 00:59:22,750
Na kisha unaweza echo kipengele.

1056
00:59:22,750 --> 00:59:24,930
Hivyo hiyo ni mafupi
rejea kidogo juu ya jinsi

1057
00:59:24,930 --> 00:59:30,220
unaweza kuwa na kutumia foreach
loops katika mazingira ya swala.

1058
00:59:30,220 --> 00:59:32,840
>> Je, kuna maswali juu ya PHP?

1059
00:59:32,840 --> 00:59:36,520
Chochote wakati wote kabla ya sisi
hoja juu ya kuzungumza juu ya SQL

1060
00:59:36,520 --> 00:59:37,820
na furaha ya orodha?

1061
00:59:37,820 --> 00:59:41,480

1062
00:59:41,480 --> 00:59:42,110
Hisia nzuri?

1063
00:59:42,110 --> 00:59:42,750
Hisia nzuri.

1064
00:59:42,750 --> 00:59:43,470
Sawa.

1065
00:59:43,470 --> 00:59:49,130
>> Hebu hoja juu nyuma
PowerPoint, ambayo pengine miss.

1066
00:59:49,130 --> 00:59:51,800
SQL, yay.

1067
00:59:51,800 --> 00:59:57,900
Watu walio katika sehemu yangu kawaida
watajua kwamba vichwa vidogo ya Vifupisho

1068
00:59:57,900 --> 01:00:01,220
ni daima tu maneno ya kwanza
Nadhani ya kwamba mechi kwamba

1069
01:00:01,220 --> 01:00:02,690
algorithm kwamba kifupi.

1070
01:00:02,690 --> 01:00:04,090
Siyo algorithm.

1071
01:00:04,090 --> 01:00:08,050
>> Hivyo SQL ni database.

1072
01:00:08,050 --> 01:00:11,060
Ni lugha ambayo
kazi na database.

1073
01:00:11,060 --> 01:00:14,440
Na database yote ni ni
meza, angalau kwa njia

1074
01:00:14,440 --> 01:00:17,220
kwamba SQL inawakilisha yao.

1075
01:00:17,220 --> 01:00:23,610
>> Njia nyingine ya kufikiri juu databaser ni
databaser ni seti ya funguo na maadili

1076
01:00:23,610 --> 01:00:24,110
kimsingi.

1077
01:00:24,110 --> 01:00:29,530
Unaweza kufikiri juu database kama
kamusi na pia kama meza.

1078
01:00:29,530 --> 01:00:34,300
Kimsingi ni njia kujiunga
data tofauti na data nyingine,

1079
01:00:34,300 --> 01:00:36,270
mara nyingi kupitia safu na nguzo.

1080
01:00:36,270 --> 01:00:38,470
Na hivyo ndivyo
hiyo ni SQL kazi bora.

1081
01:00:38,470 --> 01:00:40,880
>> Hivyo hii ni mfano mmoja wa meza.

1082
01:00:40,880 --> 01:00:44,610
Mimi nimepata mifano michache ya
Watu katika sehemu yangu, ambayo

1083
01:00:44,610 --> 01:00:45,970
Sikuwa na muda wa mabadiliko.

1084
01:00:45,970 --> 01:00:52,020
Lakini sisi tumepewa mambo kama kitambulisho,
jina, superpower, na mji.

1085
01:00:52,020 --> 01:00:54,100
Sijui ambapo mtu yeyote ni
kutoka katika sehemu zangu,

1086
01:00:54,100 --> 01:00:56,266
hivyo mimi nina kwenda tu kudhani
kila mtu kutoka New York

1087
01:00:56,266 --> 01:00:59,370
Mji sababu mimi na takwimu juu
uwezekano wa kuwa sahihi.

1088
01:00:59,370 --> 01:01:04,200
>> SQL moja kwa moja kuchukua
huduma ya ID safu kwa ajili yenu.

1089
01:01:04,200 --> 01:01:07,560
Kama kuingiza safu mpya
ndani ya SQL database,

1090
01:01:07,560 --> 01:01:09,700
itakuwa increment kwamba
Nambari ya kitambulisho na tu

1091
01:01:09,700 --> 01:01:14,890
kimsingi fimbo kama majina matano,
superpower, mji, kila mtu

1092
01:01:14,890 --> 01:01:16,430
kwenye mwisho wa meza hiyo.

1093
01:01:16,430 --> 01:01:19,160
Hivyo ID ni safu utasikia
kamwe kuwa na wasiwasi kuhusu.

1094
01:01:19,160 --> 01:01:22,770
Lakini, kama katika kesi
ya login.php, wakati sisi

1095
01:01:22,770 --> 01:01:26,610
walikuwa kupata kikao ID
kutoka meza na tu kwa kutumia kitambulisho,

1096
01:01:26,610 --> 01:01:30,320
ID ni njia ya kipekee kutambua
kipengele cha orodha.

1097
01:01:30,320 --> 01:01:34,980
>> Hivyo kama tulikuwa wawili Sams, wote wawili wa
ambayo kufundishwa CS50, na wote wawili wa nani

1098
01:01:34,980 --> 01:01:39,370
walitoka katika Milwaukee, wale ingekuwa
bado kuwa na idadi tofauti ID

1099
01:01:39,370 --> 01:01:43,420
na hivyo kuwa na tofauti katika
mazingira ya meza.

1100
01:01:43,420 --> 01:01:48,700
Hivyo hii ni nini SQL ni kushughulika
pamoja, kufanya kazi na katika mwisho ya nyuma.

1101
01:01:48,700 --> 01:01:54,160
>> Hivi ndivyo amri nne
kwamba itabidi kufanya kazi na SQL.

1102
01:01:54,160 --> 01:01:56,390
Na mimi kurusha yao yote juu ya moja slide.

1103
01:01:56,390 --> 01:01:59,530
Lakini tunakwenda kupitia
wote mmoja mmoja.

1104
01:01:59,530 --> 01:02:03,300
>> Amri ya kwanza ni UPDATE,
ambayo anafanya nini unaweza kutarajia.

1105
01:02:03,300 --> 01:02:07,240
Sema una baadhi ya data katika
meza hiyo ni nje ya sasa.

1106
01:02:07,240 --> 01:02:09,470
Kama wewe ni kuweka kama
wimbo wa majina ya watu

1107
01:02:09,470 --> 01:02:13,350
na umri, kama mtu ni
umri kuongezeka, kisha

1108
01:02:13,350 --> 01:02:18,590
wewe ni kwenda unataka kwenda katika na
kuboresha umri tu kwamba mtu huyo.

1109
01:02:18,590 --> 01:02:21,902
Kwa mfano ambayo inafanya kazi
na table-- yetu ya kwanza

1110
01:02:21,902 --> 01:02:24,610
msiwe na wasiwasi juu ya kuandika yote ya
amri hizi kwa wakati mmoja.

1111
01:02:24,610 --> 01:02:27,640
Lakini kama nimepata update chini,
kwamba utakuwa mzuri kwa sehemu hii,

1112
01:02:27,640 --> 01:02:29,790
kwa sababu tunakwenda
kurudi nyuma na meza.

1113
01:02:29,790 --> 01:02:33,920
>> Hivyo kama sisi kurudi nyuma kwa meza,
hebu sema kitu kilichotokea

1114
01:02:33,920 --> 01:02:38,480
ilikuwa palikuwa na tetemeko au
kosa mstari kwamba mgawanyiko moja kwa moja

1115
01:02:38,480 --> 01:02:39,920
kupitia jiji la New York.

1116
01:02:39,920 --> 01:02:45,130
Na tulitaka update kila mtu
waliokuwa wakiishi katika jiji la New York.

1117
01:02:45,130 --> 01:02:49,670
Wao wote walikuwa na hoja ya Pennsylvania.

1118
01:02:49,670 --> 01:02:51,130
Hiyo si mji.

1119
01:02:51,130 --> 01:02:53,180
Wao wote walikuwa na hoja ya New Haven.

1120
01:02:53,180 --> 01:02:54,030
Kuna sisi kwenda.

1121
01:02:54,030 --> 01:02:57,630
Hivyo kila mtu mjini New York
hatua ya New Haven.

1122
01:02:57,630 --> 01:03:01,300
>> Na hivyo ndiyo kitu ambacho ni
uhariri safu tatu katika meza hii.

1123
01:03:01,300 --> 01:03:04,716
Lakini katika SQL, unaweza kufanya
kuwa katika taarifa yake moja tu.

1124
01:03:04,716 --> 01:03:05,715
Hivyo sisi kurudi nyuma kwa UPDATE.

1125
01:03:05,715 --> 01:03:09,670
Napenda haraka kufuta bodi hii tena.

1126
01:03:09,670 --> 01:03:14,570
Wakati tunazungumzia
uboreshaji, kuna

1127
01:03:14,570 --> 01:03:17,640
sehemu chache ya syntax kwamba ni muhimu.

1128
01:03:17,640 --> 01:03:19,770
Naam, yote ya syntax ni muhimu.

1129
01:03:19,770 --> 01:03:22,210
Lakini mambo katika kijani ni ya hiari.

1130
01:03:22,210 --> 01:03:25,680
Nyeupe wanatakiwa,
kama predefined majina.

1131
01:03:25,680 --> 01:03:30,750
Na bluu mwanga ni mambo
kwamba kutofautiana kulingana na meza.

1132
01:03:30,750 --> 01:03:34,640
Hivyo kwamba ni nini kinaendelea na
mpango wa rangi hapa, hadi pale.

1133
01:03:34,640 --> 01:03:40,250
>> Hivyo kama tunataka update tu wale mistari
ya watu ambao wanaishi mjini New York,

1134
01:03:40,250 --> 01:03:43,490
hivyo nini tunataka kufanya kama sisi alisema UPDATE?

1135
01:03:43,490 --> 01:03:46,320
Hivyo meza ni mahali ambapo sisi kuweka
jina la meza yetu.

1136
01:03:46,320 --> 01:03:49,170
Hebu tu kusema jina
ya meza yetu ni meza moja.

1137
01:03:49,170 --> 01:03:52,515
Hivyo tunataka UPDATE meza moja.

1138
01:03:52,515 --> 01:03:57,470
Na tunataka set--
je, tunataka kuweka?

1139
01:03:57,470 --> 01:04:05,160
Naam tunataka kusema, hivyo column-- PHP
chipsi safu kama vitambulisho vya kipekee.

1140
01:04:05,160 --> 01:04:07,930
Na kisha nguzo ni
nyanja mbalimbali

1141
01:04:07,930 --> 01:04:09,940
ya mambo hayo ya database.

1142
01:04:09,940 --> 01:04:14,210
>> Hivyo kipengele kwanza ya orodha
ina jina la Sam, superpower ya CS50,

1143
01:04:14,210 --> 01:04:16,210
na mji wa Milwaukee.

1144
01:04:16,210 --> 01:04:20,710
Hivyo kama sisi alisema kuweka, hebu tuangalie
vigezo tena kwamba kuweka inachukua.

1145
01:04:20,710 --> 01:04:23,880
Tuna safu sawa na thamani.

1146
01:04:23,880 --> 01:04:27,290
Hivyo tunataka kusema baadhi
column-- ambayo kumbuka

1147
01:04:27,290 --> 01:04:31,850
ni shamba lake; tunataka kuona
shamba sawa na kitu kipya.

1148
01:04:31,850 --> 01:04:42,340
>> Hivyo kama sisi tu alisema update
meza 1, kuweka jina sawa Elliot.

1149
01:04:42,340 --> 01:04:46,310
Kupata baadhi ya watu kutoka
sehemu mpya katika juu ya hili.

1150
01:04:46,310 --> 01:04:51,540
Lakini kama sisi tu alifanya update meza 1
kuweka jina sawa Elliot, gani

1151
01:04:51,540 --> 01:04:55,530
meza ya kuangalia kama baada ya hapo?

1152
01:04:55,530 --> 01:04:56,410
Watu kuwa na wazo lolote?

1153
01:04:56,410 --> 01:04:59,710

1154
01:04:59,710 --> 01:05:00,210
Naam.

1155
01:05:00,210 --> 01:05:03,195
>> Watazamaji: Kila kitu katika kuwa
mstari bila kuwa Elliot.

1156
01:05:03,195 --> 01:05:04,570
SPIKA: Kila kitu ambayo mstari?

1157
01:05:04,570 --> 01:05:06,067
Watazamaji: Katika safu ya kwanza.

1158
01:05:06,067 --> 01:05:07,150
SPIKA: Katika safu ya kwanza?

1159
01:05:07,150 --> 01:05:09,724
Kwa nini safu ya kwanza?

1160
01:05:09,724 --> 01:05:10,890
Sina maana ya kuchukua juu yenu.

1161
01:05:10,890 --> 01:05:13,287
>> Watazamaji: Labda kila kitu
katika meza nzima?

1162
01:05:13,287 --> 01:05:15,120
SPIKA: Kila kitu katika
meza nzima, ndiyo.

1163
01:05:15,120 --> 01:05:19,520
Na kwamba ni kweli kabisa because-- mimi
mara tu kusaidia nje kidogo

1164
01:05:19,520 --> 01:05:22,650
there-- kwa sababu sisi liliondolewa
hiari WAPI kifungu.

1165
01:05:22,650 --> 01:05:27,260
Kama huna WAPI
kifungu, nini amri hii kufanya

1166
01:05:27,260 --> 01:05:32,240
ni kutakuwa na kazi kwa kila
moja mstari katika meza.

1167
01:05:32,240 --> 01:05:35,430
Jina la kila mtu mapenzi
kuwa Elliott, kimsingi,

1168
01:05:35,430 --> 01:05:37,360
ambayo Elliot ni furaha sana kuhusu.

1169
01:05:37,360 --> 01:05:40,070
Au Yanni, mmoja wa hao wawili.

1170
01:05:40,070 --> 01:05:42,490
Lakini jina la kila mtu itabadilika.

1171
01:05:42,490 --> 01:05:47,880
>> Hivyo jinsi tunavyotumia WAPI clause--
na hii inatumika kwa wote wa Wheres

1172
01:05:47,880 --> 01:05:51,410
walio katika kila moja ya
hizi mambo mbalimbali.

1173
01:05:51,410 --> 01:05:54,380
Hivyo utasikia taarifa kwamba SET
ina safu thamani sawa.

1174
01:05:54,380 --> 01:05:55,190
Na hivyo haina WAPI.

1175
01:05:55,190 --> 01:06:00,040
Lakini haya ni tofauti
aina ya kauli.

1176
01:06:00,040 --> 01:06:04,400
Hivyo safu sawa na thamani
katika SET ni katika kazi.

1177
01:06:04,400 --> 01:06:08,320
Kama sisi ni kusema tunataka
kuweka jina sawa na Elliot.

1178
01:06:08,320 --> 01:06:15,390
Lakini katika vifungu WAPI,
hizi ni kauli usawa.

1179
01:06:15,390 --> 01:06:20,410
Hivyo hebu sema sisi tu alitaka
kubadili jina la mtu kwa Elliot

1180
01:06:20,410 --> 01:06:23,940
kama jina yao ilikuwa Ryan, hebu sema.

1181
01:06:23,940 --> 01:06:24,920
>> Hivyo wakati sisi kusema

1182
01:06:24,920 --> 01:06:32,700
>> WAPI jina sawa na Ryan, kwamba
ingekuwa mabadiliko kwa mafanikio tu

1183
01:06:32,700 --> 01:06:37,440
name-- ingekuwa tu
kubadili jina uwanja katika safu

1184
01:06:37,440 --> 01:06:40,770
ambapo uwanja jina lake ni sawa na Ryan.

1185
01:06:40,770 --> 01:06:44,430
Hivyo kama tulikuwa na watu mbalimbali
aitwaye Ryan, wote majina yao

1186
01:06:44,430 --> 01:06:45,730
bila mabadiliko kwa Elliot.

1187
01:06:45,730 --> 01:06:48,169
>> Hii ni sawa na mfano
ya kama kosa mstari kugawanyika

1188
01:06:48,169 --> 01:06:50,960
New York City na kila mtu ana
hoja ya New Haven, njia tunaweza

1189
01:06:50,960 --> 01:06:56,570
kufanya hivyo katika taarifa moja ni UPDATE
table1 SET mji = New Haven

1190
01:06:56,570 --> 01:07:00,210
ambapo mji ni sawa na New York City.

1191
01:07:00,210 --> 01:07:03,410
Hii ni nguvu ya
UPDATE taarifa.

1192
01:07:03,410 --> 01:07:10,530
Tunaweza kuchagua idadi yoyote ya
safu kupitia kauli ya kweli

1193
01:07:10,530 --> 01:07:12,860
kuhusu mashamba katika safu hizo.

1194
01:07:12,860 --> 01:07:19,510
Hatuwezi kusema UPDATE table1 kuweka
jina = Elliot WAPI mstari = 1,

1195
01:07:19,510 --> 01:07:24,820
isipokuwa kwamba tunaweza tukisema ID = 1.

1196
01:07:24,820 --> 01:07:27,350

1197
01:07:27,350 --> 01:07:29,830
>> Hivyo sisi ni kwenda kuwa
kufanya kazi na usawa

1198
01:07:29,830 --> 01:07:32,830
ya mashamba, usawa wa nguzo.

1199
01:07:32,830 --> 01:07:38,030
Lakini kwa kutumia uwanja ID ni njia ya
kuchagua safu ya mtu binafsi hasa,

1200
01:07:38,030 --> 01:07:43,210
kwa sababu uwanja ID ni ya kipekee
kitambulisho katika SQL database.

1201
01:07:43,210 --> 01:07:45,860
Hivyo kama kuhuisha mstari mmoja, ID ni sawa na 1.

1202
01:07:45,860 --> 01:07:49,560
Kuhuisha mstari wawili, tu
mabadiliko hayo ID idadi.

1203
01:07:49,560 --> 01:07:51,610
Lakini nguvu za
WAPI kauli ni kwamba sisi

1204
01:07:51,610 --> 01:07:57,480
anaweza kuweka upya mambo kulingana na kile wao
maadili ya sasa ya mambo fulani ni.

1205
01:07:57,480 --> 01:07:58,155
Ndiyo Elliot?

1206
01:07:58,155 --> 01:08:02,678
>> Watazamaji: Na nini kama unataka to--
tena, hii ni swali jingine.

1207
01:08:02,678 --> 01:08:07,660
Lakini swali langu la kwanza lilikuwa,
ambapo hii inatokea?

1208
01:08:07,660 --> 01:08:09,130
Ambapo mimi kuhuisha hili?

1209
01:08:09,130 --> 01:08:11,100
Je, hii ni katika kanuni PHP?

1210
01:08:11,100 --> 01:08:13,379
>> SPIKA: wapi wewe update, ndiyo.

1211
01:08:13,379 --> 01:08:15,170
Sisi ni kwenda kuzungumza
kuhusu ambapo yote haya

1212
01:08:15,170 --> 01:08:18,729
ikitokea aina ya mara moja sisi kwenda
kupitia amri zote.

1213
01:08:18,729 --> 01:08:21,130
Lakini nini unahitaji
kujua kwa sasa ni kimsingi

1214
01:08:21,130 --> 01:08:26,279
kwamba SQL database yako
lipo kama kitu

1215
01:08:26,279 --> 01:08:30,090
kupatikana kwa swala
kazi, ambayo CS50 amefafanua.

1216
01:08:30,090 --> 01:08:33,800
Hivyo kama wewe kutumia kazi swala,
unaweza kupata meza hii.

1217
01:08:33,800 --> 01:08:39,529
>> Hivyo utakuwa kutuma hizi
amri meza yako katika mafaili PHP

1218
01:08:39,529 --> 01:08:41,420
kupitia kazi swala.

1219
01:08:41,420 --> 01:08:45,410
Unaweza pia kucheza karibu
na meza yako moja kwa moja.

1220
01:08:45,410 --> 01:08:49,050
Na hiyo ndiyo njia bora ya
mtihani aina hii ya amri.

1221
01:08:49,050 --> 01:08:52,720
Na tutaweza kwenda kupitia hasa jinsi
kufanya hivyo katika kidogo tu.

1222
01:08:52,720 --> 01:08:54,910
>> Hivyo hiyo ni UPDATE amri.

1223
01:08:54,910 --> 01:08:57,939
Na maeneo mengine ya amri
ni kwenda kuwa aina ya sawa,

1224
01:08:57,939 --> 01:08:59,069
kazi ya mambo kama hayo.

1225
01:08:59,069 --> 01:09:02,740
Kuingiza KATIKA pengine ni
zaidi tofauti na UPDATE.

1226
01:09:02,740 --> 01:09:06,170
Mimi ataondoka kwamba hadi pale kwa
kidogo tu na kazi zaidi ya hapa.

1227
01:09:06,170 --> 01:09:10,215
Hivyo Kuingiza ndani, utaona
meza kwamba bado ni sawa.

1228
01:09:10,215 --> 01:09:17,010
Unataka Kuingiza ndani.

1229
01:09:17,010 --> 01:09:20,286
Mtaji, SQL
ni kesi isiyojali.

1230
01:09:20,286 --> 01:09:22,160
Hivyo huna kwa
capitalize mambo haya.

1231
01:09:22,160 --> 01:09:27,960
Kwa mkataba huo, maneno
katika nyeupe ni mtaji.

1232
01:09:27,960 --> 01:09:31,590
Lakini pia rangi coded yao.

1233
01:09:31,590 --> 01:09:34,390
Sababu tu kwamba wewe capitalize
hizo, wakati wewe ni kuandika yao

1234
01:09:34,390 --> 01:09:36,609
ni tu kusisitiza
kwamba wale ni constants.

1235
01:09:36,609 --> 01:09:39,189
Na hivyo unaweza ama tuangalie
mtaji au ukweli

1236
01:09:39,189 --> 01:09:40,740
kwamba nimepata rangi yao tofauti.

1237
01:09:40,740 --> 01:09:44,910
>> Hivyo sisi tumepewa kuingiza KATIKA,
hebu kufanya table1 tena.

1238
01:09:44,910 --> 01:09:45,930
Hii yote ni juu ya mstari mmoja.

1239
01:09:45,930 --> 01:09:48,609
Mimi tu kutenganisha hiyo kwa
Taarifa mbalimbali.

1240
01:09:48,609 --> 01:09:52,399
Hivyo msiwe na wasiwasi kuhusu ukweli kwamba
table1 alifanya hivyo kwenye mstari wa pili.

1241
01:09:52,399 --> 01:09:56,130
>> Hivyo tunataka kuingiza
KATIKA table1 baadhi maadili.

1242
01:09:56,130 --> 01:09:58,922
Na utasikia taarifa ya hiari
kidogo, ambayo mimi itabidi kupata katika pili.

1243
01:09:58,922 --> 01:09:59,755
Hivyo sisi tumepewa MAADILI.

1244
01:09:59,755 --> 01:10:03,640

1245
01:10:03,640 --> 01:10:08,100
>> Basi hebu kusema tunataka kuongeza Andi
kwa meza yetu, kwa sababu sisi miss Andi.

1246
01:10:08,100 --> 01:10:09,390
Andi ni wagonjwa.

1247
01:10:09,390 --> 01:10:12,490
Basi hebu kuongeza Andi kwa meza yetu.

1248
01:10:12,490 --> 01:10:15,150
Kumbuka kwamba idadi ID
ni updated moja kwa moja.

1249
01:10:15,150 --> 01:10:17,320
Hivyo mashamba tu sisi
haja ya kuwa na wasiwasi kuhusu

1250
01:10:17,320 --> 01:10:20,230
ni jina, superpower, na mji.

1251
01:10:20,230 --> 01:10:23,660
>> Na hivyo kwa njia hiyo sisi kufanya hivyo,
kuangalia syntax yetu, ni tumekuwa

1252
01:10:23,660 --> 01:10:28,780
just got mabano, na comma
maadili kutengwa, ambayo kila mmoja

1253
01:10:28,780 --> 01:10:29,890
ni thamani.

1254
01:10:29,890 --> 01:10:35,530
Hivyo kama sisi alitaka kuingiza Andi katika yetu
meza, wote tuna kufanya ni haki Andi.

1255
01:10:35,530 --> 01:10:38,630
Nini superpower Andi wa,
Watu katika sehemu Andi Mungu?

1256
01:10:38,630 --> 01:10:45,406

1257
01:10:45,406 --> 01:10:47,545
Yeye kama ndege, au kama
kasi, au kitu.

1258
01:10:47,545 --> 01:10:48,920
Je, tayari tuna huko juu?

1259
01:10:48,920 --> 01:10:53,425
Tuna CS50, ndege,
kasi, na nguvu.

1260
01:10:53,425 --> 01:10:54,850
>> Watazamaji: Muda kusafiri.

1261
01:10:54,850 --> 01:10:56,180
>> SPIKA: Muda kusafiri, ajabu.

1262
01:10:56,180 --> 01:11:04,280
Hivyo sisi tumepewa Andi, wakati
usafiri, na mji wake.

1263
01:11:04,280 --> 01:11:05,530
Hilo ni swali zuri.

1264
01:11:05,530 --> 01:11:09,210
New York City, isipokuwa mtu anajua.

1265
01:11:09,210 --> 01:11:13,600
Kila mtu ni kutoka New York ni
somo kuchukua mbali na leo.

1266
01:11:13,600 --> 01:11:17,710
>> Hivyo kauli hii ingekuwa
kuingiza, kama mstari wa tano,

1267
01:11:17,710 --> 01:11:21,900
na superpower muda wa kusafiri
na mji wa New York City.

1268
01:11:21,900 --> 01:11:25,660
Lakini shamba hiari
kimsingi ni njia

1269
01:11:25,660 --> 01:11:30,090
bayana hasa ambayo nguzo
unataka kuingiza mambo katika.

1270
01:11:30,090 --> 01:11:33,710
>> Njia ambayo sisi ni kufanya hivyo sasa,
Andi, wakati usafiri, New York City,

1271
01:11:33,710 --> 01:11:38,150
kinaenda ili halisi ya yetu
jina table--, superpower, mji.

1272
01:11:38,150 --> 01:11:42,290
Na kama wewe alitaka kufanya
kitu kingine zaidi ya kwamba,

1273
01:11:42,290 --> 01:11:44,970
kama kusema sikujua
superpower ya mtu,

1274
01:11:44,970 --> 01:11:47,660
kama jinsi Sikujua Andi ya
superpower mwanzoni.

1275
01:11:47,660 --> 01:11:50,450
Basi wote nilijua alikuwa wake
jina na mji wake.

1276
01:11:50,450 --> 01:11:54,550
Kitu ambacho ninaweza kufanya ni mimi naweza
do-- mimi itabidi kufuta hii haraka.

1277
01:11:54,550 --> 01:11:57,910

1278
01:11:57,910 --> 01:12:00,090
>> Nataka tu update nguzo.

1279
01:12:00,090 --> 01:12:04,100
Na hii ni mahali ambapo hiari
safu orodha linachukua nafasi.

1280
01:12:04,100 --> 01:12:09,185
Mimi tu wanataka update jina na mji.

1281
01:12:09,185 --> 01:12:12,650

1282
01:12:12,650 --> 01:12:16,480
Na kisha nasema MAADILI.

1283
01:12:16,480 --> 01:12:24,430
Mimi itabidi kufanya Andi na New York City.

1284
01:12:24,430 --> 01:12:28,980
>> Kama mimi alikuwa kuachwa orodha ya nguzo
na tu kufanyika mambo haya mawili,

1285
01:12:28,980 --> 01:12:32,450
ambapo ingekuwa jiji la New York wamekwenda?

1286
01:12:32,450 --> 01:12:35,900
Ambayo safu ingekuwa New York
Mji wamewekwa katika?

1287
01:12:35,900 --> 01:12:38,950
Watu kuwa na wazo lolote?

1288
01:12:38,950 --> 01:12:40,160
Superpower, hasa.

1289
01:12:40,160 --> 01:12:41,890
>> Hivyo hii itakuwa tu kwenda kwa utaratibu.

1290
01:12:41,890 --> 01:12:45,530
Na mara moja inafikia mwisho wa
orodha, kutakuwa na kuacha tu kujaza mambo katika.

1291
01:12:45,530 --> 01:12:49,080
Na maadili ambayo kutakuwa na fimbo katika
nguzo wote watakuwa tu kuwa null.

1292
01:12:49,080 --> 01:12:51,840
Hivyo kwa sababu sisi maalum
jina na mji,

1293
01:12:51,840 --> 01:12:56,110
tunakwenda kuwa na ID 5,
jina Andi, superpower null.

1294
01:12:56,110 --> 01:12:58,750
Hivyo superpower ni thamani uninitialized.

1295
01:12:58,750 --> 01:13:01,340
Huwezi lazima kupata
sawa Valgrind makosa kama wewe kujaribu

1296
01:13:01,340 --> 01:13:01,970
na kupata huduma hiyo.

1297
01:13:01,970 --> 01:13:05,160
Kila kitu itakuwa vizuri alizungumzia zaidi hali ilivyo
nje, kwa sababu NULL ni thamani katika SQL.

1298
01:13:05,160 --> 01:13:06,780
Hiyo ni mara kwa mara.

1299
01:13:06,780 --> 01:13:08,980
Na kisha mji itakuwa jiji la New York.

1300
01:13:08,980 --> 01:13:11,860
Hivyo hiyo ni kuingiza KATIKA amri.

1301
01:13:11,860 --> 01:13:13,610
Kabla ya kuendelea, kuna
mbili amri zaidi.

1302
01:13:13,610 --> 01:13:19,060
Je, watu wana maswali yoyote kuhusu
UPDATE, kuhusu kuingiza KATIKA, kuhusu SQL

1303
01:13:19,060 --> 01:13:21,556
kwa ujumla kabla ya sisi kusonga
kwenye vipande yetu ya mwisho?

1304
01:13:21,556 --> 01:13:25,500

1305
01:13:25,500 --> 01:13:26,910
Watu kujisikia vizuri, kubwa.

1306
01:13:26,910 --> 01:13:27,410
Naipenda.

1307
01:13:27,410 --> 01:13:29,480
Basi hebu majadiliano juu SELECT.

1308
01:13:29,480 --> 01:13:33,445
Kwenda shimoni UPDATE zaidi ya hapa.

1309
01:13:33,445 --> 01:13:35,720
>> Na SELECT ni kwenda kuwa sawa sana.

1310
01:13:35,720 --> 01:13:38,790
Lengo la SELECT,
Madhumuni SELECT katika maisha

1311
01:13:38,790 --> 01:13:45,910
ni kukupa rundo la nguzo
kwamba kukidhi hali fulani.

1312
01:13:45,910 --> 01:13:48,230
Na wakati mimi kusema kukidhi
hali fulani,

1313
01:13:48,230 --> 01:13:50,800
akili yako nguvu mara moja
kurudi nyuma na kwamba WAPI kifungu

1314
01:13:50,800 --> 01:13:52,090
waliopanda katika UPDATE.

1315
01:13:52,090 --> 01:13:54,880
Na kuwa kifungu hicho ni
hasa pale katika SELECT.

1316
01:13:54,880 --> 01:14:06,020
>> Kama hatuwezi kuweka WAPI
kifungu na tunasema jina SELECT,

1317
01:14:06,020 --> 01:14:16,490
hometown-- yameandikwa kwamba kidogo
jina wrong--, mji kutoka table1.

1318
01:14:16,490 --> 01:14:19,690
Kama sisi tu kusema kwamba, kile CHAGUA
ni kwenda kutupa ni ni

1319
01:14:19,690 --> 01:14:23,730
kwenda kutupa
double-- meza, badala.

1320
01:14:23,730 --> 01:14:27,450
Safu mbili kama tuko
kufikiria juu katika PHP akili.

1321
01:14:27,450 --> 01:14:33,239
Lakini ni tu kwenda kutupa
mara mbili safu ya mbili jina columns--,

1322
01:14:33,239 --> 01:14:33,780
na mji.

1323
01:14:33,780 --> 01:14:36,400

1324
01:14:36,400 --> 01:14:38,130
Na itakuwa kupuuza ID.

1325
01:14:38,130 --> 01:14:41,310
Na itakuwa kupuuza superpower.

1326
01:14:41,310 --> 01:14:44,696
Na kutakuwa na kutupa tu kila
moja mstari wa meza hiyo.

1327
01:14:44,696 --> 01:14:46,570
Hivyo kama sisi tu kuingizwa
Andi, tutaweza kuwa Andi.

1328
01:14:46,570 --> 01:14:48,605
Na kutakuwa na awali minne.

1329
01:14:48,605 --> 01:14:53,720
Kama wao tumekuwa updated, kwamba mapenzi
yalijitokeza, nakadhalika, nakadhalika.

1330
01:14:53,720 --> 01:14:56,520
>> Hivyo hii ni kwa sababu sisi
hakutumia WAPI kifungu.

1331
01:14:56,520 --> 01:14:59,200
Lakini tunaweza kuitumia katika hasa
njia ile ile tulikuwa katika UPDATE.

1332
01:14:59,200 --> 01:15:05,310
Kama sisi tu wanataka meza ya majina
na nguvu super ya watu wanaoishi

1333
01:15:05,310 --> 01:15:13,430
mjini New York, tunaweza kutekeleza kauli
kama jina SELECT, superpower--

1334
01:15:13,430 --> 01:15:27,190
Mimi tu kwenda kuondoka that-- kutoka
table1 WAPI mji = jiji la New York.

1335
01:15:27,190 --> 01:15:33,370
>> Hivyo hii unaendelea kuonyesha kuwa unaweza
kupata nguzo tofauti kabisa,

1336
01:15:33,370 --> 01:15:36,920
na kisha kuweka nguzo kwamba wewe si
hata kupata nyuma katika WAPI kifungu.

1337
01:15:36,920 --> 01:15:39,200
Hatuwezi hata wanataka
mji wa kila mtu.

1338
01:15:39,200 --> 01:15:41,920
Lakini tunataka jina na
superpower ya watu

1339
01:15:41,920 --> 01:15:43,817
ambao ni mji wa New York.

1340
01:15:43,817 --> 01:15:45,650
Hivyo hiyo ni kitu sisi
unaweza kufanya na wapi

1341
01:15:45,650 --> 01:15:49,112
kifungu ni tunaweza kukabiliana na nguzo
kwamba sisi si lazima wanataka nyuma.

1342
01:15:49,112 --> 01:15:52,320
Kwa njia hiyo hiyo katika UPDATE, tunaweza kukabiliana
na nguzo kwamba sisi si lazima

1343
01:15:52,320 --> 01:15:53,270
unataka update.

1344
01:15:53,270 --> 01:15:58,890
Tunaweza kuboresha mji wa kila mtu
ambaye ni jina lake ni Sam, kwa mfano.

1345
01:15:58,890 --> 01:16:02,080
Tunaweza kuboresha mji wa
kila mtu ambaye nambari ya kitambulisho ni 2.

1346
01:16:02,080 --> 01:16:04,960
Hivyo tu update
mji wa safu ya pili

1347
01:16:04,960 --> 01:16:08,220
ambapo hatuna kukabiliana na
muhimu swali la kawaida.

1348
01:16:08,220 --> 01:16:13,264
>> Na kufuta ni, kama wewe d
kutarajia, kufuta kutoka table1.

1349
01:16:13,264 --> 01:16:14,930
Na kisha sisi tumepewa mwingine kifungu WAPI.

1350
01:16:14,930 --> 01:16:17,940
Hivyo tunaweza kusema WAPI ID = 1.

1351
01:16:17,940 --> 01:16:18,950
Kufuta safu ya kwanza.

1352
01:16:18,950 --> 01:16:23,240
Na kufuta daima kufuta mstari,
au itakuwa kufuta baadhi ya idadi ya mistari.

1353
01:16:23,240 --> 01:16:26,990
Kufuta kutoka meza WAPI
mji = jiji la New York

1354
01:16:26,990 --> 01:16:28,740
kufuta kila mtu katika jiji la New York.

1355
01:16:28,740 --> 01:16:30,985
Hiyo ni kama kulikuwa na
kutisha pigo ghafla

1356
01:16:30,985 --> 01:16:33,360
na wewe tu alitaka kuondoa
kila mtu kutoka meza ambao

1357
01:16:33,360 --> 01:16:35,760
aliishi katika mji fulani
kwamba ilikumbwa na pigo.

1358
01:16:35,760 --> 01:16:38,050
Huenda wao kupumzika kwa amani.

1359
01:16:38,050 --> 01:16:43,849
>> Hizi ni nne amri SQL
kwamba utakuwa haja ya kutumia.

1360
01:16:43,849 --> 01:16:45,390
Unaweza hata haja kuzitumia zote.

1361
01:16:45,390 --> 01:16:47,690
Lakini haya ni nne
kwamba CS50 anatarajia wewe

1362
01:16:47,690 --> 01:16:53,630
kuwa starehe na kwenda katika
wote Jaribio 1 na pia pset7 na pset8.

1363
01:16:53,630 --> 01:16:55,820
>> Kuna tu kwamba meza tena.

1364
01:16:55,820 --> 01:16:58,930
Katika hii moja, superpower Roy ina
wamekuwa updated mihimili laser, ambayo

1365
01:16:58,930 --> 01:17:00,880
ni mfano sikuweza kutumia.

1366
01:17:00,880 --> 01:17:05,480
Sijui ni yupi kati
Roy anapendelea, lakini nguvu.

1367
01:17:05,480 --> 01:17:07,670
Roy ina superpower ya nguvu.

1368
01:17:07,670 --> 01:17:09,090
Katherine hakuwa na kufanya hivyo leo.

1369
01:17:09,090 --> 01:17:10,260
Hiyo ni bahati mbaya.

1370
01:17:10,260 --> 01:17:11,260
Lakini yeye ana super kasi.

1371
01:17:11,260 --> 01:17:13,780

1372
01:17:13,780 --> 01:17:14,670
>> Vizuri kwamba alikuwa PHP.

1373
01:17:14,670 --> 01:17:19,410
Kabla tunazungumzia kuhusu MVC, anafanya
mtu yeyote kuwa na maswali kuhusu PHP?

1374
01:17:19,410 --> 01:17:23,864
Sasa SQL, au PHP kama wewe ghafla na
kuja na swali kuhusu PHP?

1375
01:17:23,864 --> 01:17:27,560

1376
01:17:27,560 --> 01:17:28,460
Kubwa.

1377
01:17:28,460 --> 01:17:29,920
Haki wote, sisi ni kuweka wote wakati huo.

1378
01:17:29,920 --> 01:17:33,660
>> Hivyo kuzungumza kidogo
kuhusu mfano wa kuigwa maoni controllers,

1379
01:17:33,660 --> 01:17:38,770
hebu kwenda nyuma ya baadhi
ya mambo katika pset7.

1380
01:17:38,770 --> 01:17:42,470
Kwa hiyo kile mtindo mtazamo
mtawala is-- Sina

1381
01:17:42,470 --> 01:17:45,660
kwenda kuokoa mabadiliko yangu ya kuingia
kwa sababu mimi kabisa kutumbuliwa yake.

1382
01:17:45,660 --> 01:17:49,220
Lakini kimsingi tuna mbili
mambo tofauti kinachoendelea.

1383
01:17:49,220 --> 01:17:52,390
Tuna umma
directory ambayo ina

1384
01:17:52,390 --> 01:17:56,460
kificho kwamba kinaendelea wauawe
na kurasa za mtandao ambayo itakuwa alitembelea.

1385
01:17:56,460 --> 01:17:58,780
Na sisi pia kuwa maoni hii directory.

1386
01:17:58,780 --> 01:18:01,780
Na maoni ina templates.

1387
01:18:01,780 --> 01:18:04,390
>> Hii ni nini kazi
render-- tuliona atatoa

1388
01:18:04,390 --> 01:18:08,240
kazi katika kundi la kanuni PHP
kwamba CS50 tayari imeandikwa kwa ajili yenu,

1389
01:18:08,240 --> 01:18:10,550
kwamba inachukua katika vigezo fulani.

1390
01:18:10,550 --> 01:18:14,510
Nini kwamba kanuni ni kufanya
ni itakuja ndani ya maoni,

1391
01:18:14,510 --> 01:18:18,000
ambayo ni seti ya kama
prewritten HTML code,

1392
01:18:18,000 --> 01:18:20,720
na ni kuingiza maadili
ndani ya maeneo fulani.

1393
01:18:20,720 --> 01:18:23,990
Hivi ndivyo wakati
kwenda katika CS50 Fedha,

1394
01:18:23,990 --> 01:18:25,760
kichwa hicho ni juu ya kila ukurasa.

1395
01:18:25,760 --> 01:18:28,130
Footer huo ni juu ya kila ukurasa.

1396
01:18:28,130 --> 01:18:31,880
Hii ni kwa sababu njia
kwamba atatoa matendo yake itabidi

1397
01:18:31,880 --> 01:18:36,720
moja kwa moja kiraka katika kichwa hicho na
mtazamaji ambayo unaweza kupata katika maoni.

1398
01:18:36,720 --> 01:18:41,400
>> Tunaweza kweli kwenda katika mpira wa kichwa, na
kuangalia, ni HTML faili na kichwa.

1399
01:18:41,400 --> 01:18:43,280
Ni got baadhi stylesheets.

1400
01:18:43,280 --> 01:18:48,450
Huwezi haja ya kuangalia CSS
kwa pset7 kama wewe hawataki.

1401
01:18:48,450 --> 01:18:50,560
Lakini unaweza kurekebisha
yao kama unataka, kufanya

1402
01:18:50,560 --> 01:18:53,470
Fedha yako kuangalia tofauti kidogo.

1403
01:18:53,470 --> 01:18:57,560
>> Ni got baadhi PHP katika
kichwa kidogo kuona

1404
01:18:57,560 --> 01:19:01,240
kama kuna ilani tofauti
ni lazima kuweka katika kichwa hii.

1405
01:19:01,240 --> 01:19:04,300
Lakini baadhi tu ya maandiko mengine,
na viungo, na mambo mengine.

1406
01:19:04,300 --> 01:19:08,700
Kichwa kumalizika, mwili huanza, na oops,
tuna hii weird kidogo mwisho kidogo.

1407
01:19:08,700 --> 01:19:14,730
Na kuna div, kama vile
aina ukiwa wa kipengele

1408
01:19:14,730 --> 01:19:17,120
ambayo ina wazo la katikati.

1409
01:19:17,120 --> 01:19:22,450
>> Na kisha wakati tunaona footer,
tuna mwishoni mwa div.

1410
01:19:22,450 --> 01:19:25,000
Tuna chini, ambayo ni
ambapo footer Nakala ni.

1411
01:19:25,000 --> 01:19:26,770
Mwishoni mwa div, mwisho wa mwili, mwishoni mwa HTML.

1412
01:19:26,770 --> 01:19:29,070
>> Kwa hiyo kile ni atatoa
kufanya ni kutoa ni aina

1413
01:19:29,070 --> 01:19:33,150
ya patching up kichwa, a
mbalimbali PHP faili kwamba

1414
01:19:33,150 --> 01:19:37,110
vyenye mambo halisi kwamba
utasikia kuona, kama meza yako ya hifadhi

1415
01:19:37,110 --> 01:19:39,690
kama wewe ni kununua au kuuza hisa.

1416
01:19:39,690 --> 01:19:41,480
Na kisha itabidi kuongeza katika footer.

1417
01:19:41,480 --> 01:19:44,890
Na mfano wa kuigwa mtazamo
mtawala Wazo ni kwamba sisi

1418
01:19:44,890 --> 01:19:49,590
wanataka kutenganisha jinsi
mambo kuangalia kutoka kanuni.

1419
01:19:49,590 --> 01:19:53,420
Ni tunataka tofauti frontend
na mazingira ya nyuma, ambapo frontend ni

1420
01:19:53,420 --> 01:20:00,440
mambo ambayo mtumiaji anaona, nzuri
visuals-- HTML, CSS, mambo kama hayo,

1421
01:20:00,440 --> 01:20:02,320
picha, na kadhalika.

1422
01:20:02,320 --> 01:20:05,780
Na backend ni PHP.

1423
01:20:05,780 --> 01:20:07,710
Hii ni kificho kwamba wewe kuandika.

1424
01:20:07,710 --> 01:20:10,240
Hii ni pale ambapo kificho hiyo ni
kufanya shughuli halisi.

1425
01:20:10,240 --> 01:20:12,400
Huu ni wakati wewe ni kuongeza
hisa kwa meza yako,

1426
01:20:12,400 --> 01:20:14,890
wakati wewe ni kununua na
kuuza, hiyo ni backend.

1427
01:20:14,890 --> 01:20:20,210
>> Na tunaweza, kama wewe aliona,
ikiwa ni pamoja na PHP moja kwa moja katika HTML.

1428
01:20:20,210 --> 01:20:23,210
Hivyo kile sisi wangefanya kwa
zoezi hili ni alikuwa tu

1429
01:20:23,210 --> 01:20:26,200
HTML faili kwa kila ukurasa, kama kuingia.

1430
01:20:26,200 --> 01:20:30,260
Na kisha juu ya ukurasa kwamba, tu
alikuwa kuzuia mkubwa wa kanuni PHP,

1431
01:20:30,260 --> 01:20:33,822
ikiwa ni pamoja na yote ya kificho kwamba
ukurasa kwamba hasa bila haja.

1432
01:20:33,822 --> 01:20:35,780
Na kisha tunaweza kuwa na
amefanya hivyo kwa kwingineko.

1433
01:20:35,780 --> 01:20:40,250
Sisi wangefanya wote wa kununua
na kuuza ndani ya kurasa binafsi.

1434
01:20:40,250 --> 01:20:43,680
>> Lakini kwa sababu sisi ni utoaji
tofauti na ambapo

1435
01:20:43,680 --> 01:20:46,660
sisi ni kuandika backend
kanuni, tunaweza kwa urahisi

1436
01:20:46,660 --> 01:20:52,660
mabadiliko ya jinsi mambo kuangalia bila
kubadilisha kila faili moja.

1437
01:20:52,660 --> 01:20:55,460
Sisi kufanya mambo kama tu kuongeza
div mpya hadi chini

1438
01:20:55,460 --> 01:21:00,720
of-- Hello I iliyopita footer.

1439
01:21:00,720 --> 01:21:03,710
Unaweza tu kufanya mambo kama hayo.

1440
01:21:03,710 --> 01:21:07,250
Lakini pia, unaweza kubadilisha
nzima ya Visual mpangilio

1441
01:21:07,250 --> 01:21:09,290
bila kuathiri nini
kwenda katika mazingira ya nyuma.

1442
01:21:09,290 --> 01:21:12,000
Na unaweza kubadilisha
backend nzima na bado

1443
01:21:12,000 --> 01:21:13,900
kuwa ni kuangalia kama ilivyokuwa kabla.

1444
01:21:13,900 --> 01:21:14,400
Hii

1445
01:21:14,400 --> 01:21:16,170
>> Ni wazo la mtindo mtazamo mtawala.

1446
01:21:16,170 --> 01:21:19,992
Na ni kweli dhana zilizowekwa
katika baadhi ya lugha ya programu

1447
01:21:19,992 --> 01:21:21,700
unaweza kutaka kutumia
kwa ajili ya miradi ya mwisho.

1448
01:21:21,700 --> 01:21:25,100
Kama wewe kufanya iOS maendeleo,
wana maoni,

1449
01:21:25,100 --> 01:21:29,120
ambayo ni nini kuona juu ya iPhone, na
kisha backend kama kama jambo tofauti.

1450
01:21:29,120 --> 01:21:31,260
>> Unaweza kufikiri juu kidogo.

1451
01:21:31,260 --> 01:21:35,190
Kuna mengi ya binaries katika
sayansi ya kompyuta, ambayo ni funny,

1452
01:21:35,190 --> 01:21:37,270
kwa sababu kila kitu ni katika mapacha.

1453
01:21:37,270 --> 01:21:38,550
Mimi hakuwa na mpango huo.

1454
01:21:38,550 --> 01:21:41,590
Hiyo ilikuwa ni pun zisizotarajiwa.

1455
01:21:41,590 --> 01:21:43,860
Ndiyo, pun si nia.

1456
01:21:43,860 --> 01:21:49,070
>> Lakini kama mafaili h na c mafaili, kuna
mengi ya kutenganisha ya mambo ambayo sisi

1457
01:21:49,070 --> 01:21:49,900
wanaweza haja.

1458
01:21:49,900 --> 01:21:54,330
Ili tuweze tu kuhariri faili h, au
mtu anaweza tu kuona faili h na kujua

1459
01:21:54,330 --> 01:21:57,650
hasa kazi ambayo ni katika
c faili bila lazima kujua

1460
01:21:57,650 --> 01:21:58,870
utekelezaji wake.

1461
01:21:58,870 --> 01:22:02,800
Wazo hili la kutenganisha vipengele
ambazo zinategemea kila mmoja

1462
01:22:02,800 --> 01:22:06,990
lakini unaweza aina ya kupata kila mmoja
kupitia njia mbalimbali, kupita

1463
01:22:06,990 --> 01:22:09,310
ya vigezo, tu
pamoja na kauli, mambo

1464
01:22:09,310 --> 01:22:14,440
kama hicho, kanuni hii
husaidia kujenga maombi

1465
01:22:14,440 --> 01:22:17,080
ambayo inaweza kwa urahisi zaidi
mwisho na watu mbalimbali,

1466
01:22:17,080 --> 01:22:20,440
inaweza kwa urahisi zaidi iliyopita
au iliyopita kwa kiwango kubwa,

1467
01:22:20,440 --> 01:22:24,880
na ni rahisi
Debug katika njia nyingi.

1468
01:22:24,880 --> 01:22:28,254
>> Kweli haraka, nina
tips chache kwa ajili pset7,

1469
01:22:28,254 --> 01:22:31,420
ambayo mimi itabidi kufanya screen kamili hivyo si
tu kuangalia the-- ncha ncha tippee.

1470
01:22:31,420 --> 01:22:33,964

1471
01:22:33,964 --> 01:22:35,130
Kuna si ncha kwamba wengi.

1472
01:22:35,130 --> 01:22:38,060
>> Lakini nilivyoeleza PHP ni vigumu utatuzi.

1473
01:22:38,060 --> 01:22:39,290
Mbili na tatu kuangalia ni.

1474
01:22:39,290 --> 01:22:41,550
Kama kanuni yako ni tu si
kuonyesha juu kwenye ukurasa,

1475
01:22:41,550 --> 01:22:46,240
pengine PHP makosa, pole.

1476
01:22:46,240 --> 01:22:48,570
>> Huwezi haja ya kuangalia
CSS kama wewe hawataki.

1477
01:22:48,570 --> 01:22:52,150
Lakini mara moja ni kumaliza, inaweza kuwa
nzuri na furaha kidogo jambo tu kwenda katika

1478
01:22:52,150 --> 01:22:54,770
na fujo na vigezo CSS.

1479
01:22:54,770 --> 01:22:58,700
CSS na HTML ni mfano wa kuigwa
Jambo mtazamo mtawala style pia, sawa?

1480
01:22:58,700 --> 01:23:02,150
Unaweza kuwa na vitambulisho style
ndani ya vipengele HTML.

1481
01:23:02,150 --> 01:23:04,800
Lakini kama wewe ni aina ya
outsourcing yao kwa CSS,

1482
01:23:04,800 --> 01:23:08,180
wao uko rahisi kuhariri, na kucheza
karibu na, na kuwa na furaha na.

1483
01:23:08,180 --> 01:23:10,816
>> Kutibu CS50 msaidizi
kazi kama masanduku nyeusi.

1484
01:23:10,816 --> 01:23:12,940
Huna haja ya kujua
nini hasa atatoa anafanya,

1485
01:23:12,940 --> 01:23:16,770
lakini imani yake kwa siku zote kufanya haki
Jambo kutegemea na nini kuupitisha,

1486
01:23:16,770 --> 01:23:17,690
mambo kama haya.

1487
01:23:17,690 --> 01:23:21,040
Na napenda kupendekeza
kuangalia walkthrough Daudi,

1488
01:23:21,040 --> 01:23:24,490
kwenda kwa yote
mambo, si tu todos,

1489
01:23:24,490 --> 01:23:26,960
lakini kwa kweli wanaweza kutibu
hizi masanduku kama nyeusi.

1490
01:23:26,960 --> 01:23:29,280
Je, si kwenda katika hizo
kazi kutafuta mende.

1491
01:23:29,280 --> 01:23:33,510
>> Na kuwakaribisha kurudi
ya overlord Zamyla yetu.

1492
01:23:33,510 --> 01:23:34,010
Kubwa.

1493
01:23:34,010 --> 01:23:40,430
>> Je, kuna maswali ya mwisho kabla ya
sisi aina ya bounce kwa siku?

1494
01:23:40,430 --> 01:23:42,610
Mimi bado wanaishi?

1495
01:23:42,610 --> 01:23:44,700
Kubwa.

1496
01:23:44,700 --> 01:23:47,120
Hi wa mtiririko wa watu.

1497
01:23:47,120 --> 01:23:47,620
Kubwa.

1498
01:23:47,620 --> 01:23:50,260
Je, kuna tena maswali?

1499
01:23:50,260 --> 01:23:50,760
Hakuna?

1500
01:23:50,760 --> 01:23:52,884
>> Na kisha Nadhani tuko
vizuri kwenda kwa leo.

1501
01:23:52,884 --> 01:23:55,550
Mimi itabidi fimbo karibu kidogo
baadaye kama watu walikuwa na maswali

1502
01:23:55,550 --> 01:23:57,480
walikuwa na hofu ya kuuliza juu ya mkondo.

1503
01:23:57,480 --> 01:23:59,790
Lakini vinginevyo, kuwa na siku njema.

1504
01:23:59,790 --> 01:24:01,933