1
00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:00,629

2
00:00:00,629 --> 00:00:02,170
DAVID Malan: Kull dritt, merħba lura.

3
00:00:02,170 --> 00:00:06,520
Qabel ma aħna adsa fis-cloud computing,
Ħsibt I d nieqaf għal mument

4
00:00:06,520 --> 00:00:11,740
jekk ikun hemm xi mistoqsijiet pendenti
jew suġġetti li ħarāu matul l-ikla

5
00:00:11,740 --> 00:00:13,834
li issa jista 'jkun ta' interess.

6
00:00:13,834 --> 00:00:18,470

7
00:00:18,470 --> 00:00:21,410
>> UDJENZA: [inaudible]

8
00:00:21,410 --> 00:00:22,090
>> DAVID Malan: OK.

9
00:00:22,090 --> 00:00:23,555
Oh, OK.

10
00:00:23,555 --> 00:00:24,430
UDJENZA: [inaudible]

11
00:00:24,430 --> 00:00:29,880

12
00:00:29,880 --> 00:00:31,420
>> DAVID Malan: Le, naturalment.

13
00:00:31,420 --> 00:00:35,180
OK, ukoll nisperaw li kollha tiegħek
problemi jinqalgħu fil-ftit sigħat li jmiss

14
00:00:35,180 --> 00:00:36,410
u għada speċjalment.

15
00:00:36,410 --> 00:00:42,700
Imma ejja tagħti ħarsa, imbagħad, fil fejn
l-aħħar diskussjoni dwar it-twaqqif

16
00:00:42,700 --> 00:00:45,730
websajt twassal, b'mod iktar ġenerali
meta niġu għall-sħaba computing,

17
00:00:45,730 --> 00:00:48,210
twaqqif ta 'arkitettura server,
-tipi ta 'deċiżjonijiet

18
00:00:48,210 --> 00:00:50,800
li l-inġiniera u
iżviluppaturi u l-amministraturi

19
00:00:50,800 --> 00:00:53,210
għandek bżonn tagħmel meta niġu
għal dawk li jagħmlu aktar minn sempliċiment

20
00:00:53,210 --> 00:00:56,550
iffirmar up għal $ 10 kull web ospitanti xahar
meta inti fil-fatt tixtieq li jibnu

21
00:00:56,550 --> 00:00:57,550
infrastruttura tiegħek stess.

22
00:00:57,550 --> 00:01:00,400
U aħna ser nippruvaw li torbot din l-dahar,
per eżempju, biex Dropbox u oħrajn

23
00:01:00,400 --> 00:01:01,350
bħal dawn.

24
00:01:01,350 --> 00:01:06,250
>> Mela ejja nibdew biex jikkunsidraw
liema problemi jinqalgħu bħala negozju

25
00:01:06,250 --> 00:01:09,390
gets tajba u jinqalgħu l-problemi tajba.

26
00:01:09,390 --> 00:01:14,720
Allura fil-każ stess sempliċi ta 'wara
xi kumpanija li għandha web server,

27
00:01:14,720 --> 00:01:21,470
inti jista 'jkollhom, ejja ngħidu, server li
aħna ser biss jiġbed li tidher bħal dan.

28
00:01:21,470 --> 00:01:25,620
U dawn il-ġranet, aktar servers-- u ejja
fil-fatt imqiegħda stampa biex dan biss hekk

29
00:01:25,620 --> 00:01:27,680
li huwa ftit inqas nebulous.

30
00:01:27,680 --> 00:01:31,510
>> Allura server-- rack Dell
lura fil-ġurnata, hemm

31
00:01:31,510 --> 00:01:33,730
kienu kompjuters mainframe
li ħa l-kmamar kollha.

32
00:01:33,730 --> 00:01:35,710
Dawn il-ġranet, jekk inti kienu
biex tikseb server, huwa

33
00:01:35,710 --> 00:01:38,520
tista 'tidher ftit xi ħaġa bħal din.

34
00:01:38,520 --> 00:01:41,760
Servers huma mkejla fil dak
huma msejħa unitajiet rack, jew RUs.

35
00:01:41,760 --> 00:01:45,280
U wieħed RU hija ta '1.5 pulzieri,
li huwa standard industrijali.

36
00:01:45,280 --> 00:01:49,300
Allura dan qisu server tnejn RU.

37
00:01:49,300 --> 00:01:51,240
Allura huwa 3 pulzieri tall.

38
00:01:51,240 --> 00:01:54,430
U dawn qed ġeneralment 19 pulzieri wiesgħa,
li jfisser dan kollu tip ta 'għalf

39
00:01:54,430 --> 00:01:55,160
huwa standardizzat.

40
00:01:55,160 --> 00:01:59,420
>> Mela jekk inti tfittex fil-center-- dejta
mhux biss fil server wieħed, imma ejja

41
00:01:59,420 --> 00:02:02,110
tagħti ħarsa lejn Google
ċentru tad-data u ara jekk irridu

42
00:02:02,110 --> 00:02:04,280
tara stampa sabiħa fil Images Google.

43
00:02:04,280 --> 00:02:09,090
Dan huwa ħafna aħjar mixgħula milli suppost
tipikament issib, u ħafna

44
00:02:09,090 --> 00:02:14,900
sexier tfittex bħala riżultat. iżda
dan huwa dak qisu koppja

45
00:02:14,900 --> 00:02:17,380
mitt servers kollha
dwar l-istess daqs,

46
00:02:17,380 --> 00:02:21,450
fil-fatt, fil rack wara rack wara
rack wara rack f'ċentru tad-data.

47
00:02:21,450 --> 00:02:26,150
>> Xi ħaġa bħal this-- Dan jista '
tkun Google, peress li jien Googled Google.

48
00:02:26,150 --> 00:02:28,330
Iżda tista 'tkun rappreżentattiva
ta 'aktar ġenerali

49
00:02:28,330 --> 00:02:31,480
ċentru tad-data li fiha ħafna
kumpaniji huma tipikament ko-lokat.

50
00:02:31,480 --> 00:02:34,940
U ko-lokat ġeneralment ifisser
li inti tmur għal post bħal Equinix

51
00:02:34,940 --> 00:02:40,280
jew bejjiegħa oħra li jkollhom kbir
imħażen li jkunu lottijiet ta 'enerġija,

52
00:02:40,280 --> 00:02:42,950
lottijiet ta 'tkessiħ, nisperaw
lottijiet ta 'sigurtà,

53
00:02:42,950 --> 00:02:47,910
u gaġeġ individwali jagħlaq xtillieri ta
servers, u inti jew kera l-ixtillieri

54
00:02:47,910 --> 00:02:49,150
jew inti tressaq l-ixtillieri fil.

55
00:02:49,150 --> 00:02:51,420
>> U l-kumpaniji individwali,
fetħu speċjalment,

56
00:02:51,420 --> 00:02:54,820
se jkollhom xi tip ta 'bijometriċi
li jsibu rwieħhom gaġġa tagħhom, jew ewlieni,

57
00:02:54,820 --> 00:02:55,640
jew karta ċavetta.

58
00:02:55,640 --> 00:02:56,990
Inti tiftaħ il-bieb.

59
00:02:56,990 --> 00:03:00,354
U ġewwa tal hemm biss
a filmati footprint kwadru

60
00:03:00,354 --> 00:03:03,270
li qed tħallas għal, ġewwa ta '
li inti tista 'tpoġġi xi ħaġa li trid.

61
00:03:03,270 --> 00:03:04,770
>> U inti tipikament tħallas għall-enerġija.

62
00:03:04,770 --> 00:03:06,920
U inti tħallas għall-footprints.

63
00:03:06,920 --> 00:03:08,770
U allura inti tħallas
ruħek għall-servers

64
00:03:08,770 --> 00:03:10,560
li int jġibu f'dak l-ispazju.

65
00:03:10,560 --> 00:03:12,850
U dak li inti mbagħad ikollhom l-
għażla li tagħmel huwa jħallas xi ħadd

66
00:03:12,850 --> 00:03:15,120
għall-konnettività internet service tiegħek.

67
00:03:15,120 --> 00:03:17,240
Inti tista 'tħallas kull numru
ta 'bejjiegħa, li kollha kemm huma

68
00:03:17,240 --> 00:03:19,210
tipikament jidħlu fis f'dak iċ-ċentru tad-data.

69
00:03:19,210 --> 00:03:22,740
>> Iżda l-kwistjoni interessanti vera hija,
x'inhu dak li attwalment tmur f'dawk xtillieri?

70
00:03:22,740 --> 00:03:25,020
Huma jistgħu kollha tajjeb ħafna
look like dak li aħna biss raw.

71
00:03:25,020 --> 00:03:27,870
Iżda huma jwettqu funzjonijiet differenti
u jistgħu jkunu jeħtieġu biex tagħmel affarijiet differenti.

72
00:03:27,870 --> 00:03:29,661
U ejja attwalment
jimmotivaw din id-diskussjoni

73
00:03:29,661 --> 00:03:35,370
mal-kwistjoni ta ', liema problema
jibda jinqalgħu jekk int suċċess?

74
00:03:35,370 --> 00:03:37,900
>> Allura inti ħadthom ltqajna websajt
li ħadthom mibnija.

75
00:03:37,900 --> 00:03:40,450
U forsi hija tbiegħ widgets
jew xi ħaġa bħal dik.

76
00:03:40,450 --> 00:03:43,620
U inti kont qed tagħmel tajjeb ħafna
mal-bejgħ ta 'widgets online.

77
00:03:43,620 --> 00:03:48,490
U tibda tħoss
xi sintomi,-website tiegħek.

78
00:03:48,490 --> 00:03:51,070
Liema jista 'jkun xi wħud
-sintomi tekniċi

79
00:03:51,070 --> 00:03:54,040
li l-utenti jirrappurtaw bħala negozju
qed jikber u qed jisplodu

80
00:03:54,040 --> 00:03:59,482
u l-websajt tiegħek hija
jibbenefikaw minn dik?

81
00:03:59,482 --> 00:04:02,690
>> UDJENZA: [inaudible]

82
00:04:02,690 --> 00:04:05,910

83
00:04:05,910 --> 00:04:07,050
>> DAVID Malan: Yeah, eżattament.

84
00:04:07,050 --> 00:04:10,040
Allura inti jista 'jkollhom
tnaqqis tal-website tiegħek.

85
00:04:10,040 --> 00:04:11,240
U għaliex jista 'dan iseħħ?

86
00:04:11,240 --> 00:04:12,660
Ukoll, jekk nassumu, għal
-fini ta 'diskussjoni

87
00:04:12,660 --> 00:04:15,160
dritt issa, li int fuq waħda
ta 'dawn web hosts kummerċjali

88
00:04:15,160 --> 00:04:17,860
li tkellimna dwar qabel ikla,
li inti tħallas xi numru ta 'dollari

89
00:04:17,860 --> 00:04:20,859
li kull xahar, u inti stajt diġà mħallsa
għall-ispiża annwali ta 'dominju tiegħek

90
00:04:20,859 --> 00:04:25,300
isem, li l-web ospitanti huwa probabbilment
overselling riżorsi tagħhom

91
00:04:25,300 --> 00:04:26,050
sa ċertu punt.

92
00:04:26,050 --> 00:04:29,000
Allura inti jista 'jkollhom username
u password fuq server tagħhom.

93
00:04:29,000 --> 00:04:32,410
Iżda hekk tista diversi ieħor, jew diversi
tużżana oħra, jew forsi anke diversi

94
00:04:32,410 --> 00:04:33,980
mitt, utenti oħra.

95
00:04:33,980 --> 00:04:37,190
>> U websajts ħajjin fiżikament
fuq l-istess server.

96
00:04:37,190 --> 00:04:38,340
Għaliex dan huwa possibbli?

97
00:04:38,340 --> 00:04:40,680
Ukoll dawn il-jiem, servers
bħal dan tipikament

98
00:04:40,680 --> 00:04:44,610
jkollhom hard drives multipli, forsi
daqs sitt jew aktar hard drives,

99
00:04:44,610 --> 00:04:47,665
kull waħda minnhom tista 'tkun kemm
bħala 4 ta'Terabytes dawn il-jiem.

100
00:04:47,665 --> 00:04:52,140
Allura inti jista 'jkollhom 24 ta'Terabytes ta' spazju
wieħed biss server ftit bħal dan.

101
00:04:52,140 --> 00:04:55,710
>> U anki jekk inti steal xi wħud li l-ispazju
għall redundancy, għal skopijiet backup,

102
00:04:55,710 --> 00:04:57,110
huwa għadu pjuttost ħafna ta 'spazju.

103
00:04:57,110 --> 00:05:00,070
U ċertament, websajt tipiku
ma jkunx hemm għalfejn li ħafna spazju.

104
00:05:00,070 --> 00:05:03,100
Just jirreġistra utenti
u l-ħażna zkuk ta 'ordnijiet

105
00:05:03,100 --> 00:05:04,640
ma jieħux kollu li ħafna spazju.

106
00:05:04,640 --> 00:05:07,550
Allura inti tista 'partizzjoni pjuttost
ftit u jagħtu kull utent

107
00:05:07,550 --> 00:05:08,980
biss porzjon żgħir ta 'dan.

108
00:05:08,980 --> 00:05:11,310
>> Sadanittant, kompjuter
bħal dan f'dawn il-jiem

109
00:05:11,310 --> 00:05:16,370
tipikament tkun CPUs-- multipli mhux biss
wieħed, forsi tnejn, forsi erba, forsi 16,

110
00:05:16,370 --> 00:05:17,149
jew saħansitra aktar.

111
00:05:17,149 --> 00:05:18,940
U kull waħda minn dawn CPUs
għandu xi ħaġa imsejħa

112
00:05:18,940 --> 00:05:22,230
qalba, li huwa tip ta 'prodotti simili
moħħ ġewwa ta 'moħħ.

113
00:05:22,230 --> 00:05:26,800
Allura fil-fatt l-aktar kulħadd hawn
Laptops moderna għandha probabbilment qalba doppju

114
00:05:26,800 --> 00:05:32,030
jew CPU-- qalba quad u probabbilment biss
CPU wieħed ġewwa ta 'laptop dawn il-jiem.

115
00:05:32,030 --> 00:05:35,030
Iżda kompjuters desktop
u kompjuters rack simili

116
00:05:35,030 --> 00:05:39,000
dan jista 'jkollu pjuttost ftit
Mikroproċessuri aktar, u b'mod qlub dawran.

117
00:05:39,000 --> 00:05:44,180
>> U franchement, anki fil MACs tagħna u PCs ta
illum, inti ma verament bżonn qlub doppju

118
00:05:44,180 --> 00:05:46,550
jew qlub quad biex jiċċekkjaw email tiegħek.

119
00:05:46,550 --> 00:05:49,090
Jekk hemm xi ostakolu meta
niġu għall-użu ta 'kompjuter,

120
00:05:49,090 --> 00:05:51,925
inti l-bniedem huma probabbilment l-
slowest ħaġa dwar dan il-kompjuter.

121
00:05:51,925 --> 00:05:54,800
U int mhux se tkun kapaċi li
jiċċekkja l-email tiegħek kwalunkwe aktar malajr jekk inti

122
00:05:54,800 --> 00:05:57,170
jkollhom erba 'darbiet akbar numru CPUs jew qlub.

123
00:05:57,170 --> 00:05:59,700
>> Iżda l-istess tip
ta vera ta 'server.

124
00:05:59,700 --> 00:06:02,970
sit elettroniku wieħed jista 'ma jkunx
bilfors jeħtieġu aktar minn wieħed

125
00:06:02,970 --> 00:06:05,756
CPU jew qalba waħda, wieħed
moħħ żgħir ġewwa tagħmel

126
00:06:05,756 --> 00:06:07,380
kollha ta 'l-ħsieb u l-ipproċessar.

127
00:06:07,380 --> 00:06:10,561
Allura manifatturi għandhom bl-istess mod
bdiet biex jaqsmu up dawk ir-riżorsi

128
00:06:10,561 --> 00:06:13,435
b'tali mod li forsi website tiegħek jitbaxxa waħda
qalba,-website tiegħek jitbaxxa qalba waħda,

129
00:06:13,435 --> 00:06:15,290
jew forsi aħna qed jaqsmu wieħed qalba tali.

130
00:06:15,290 --> 00:06:16,820
Aħna wkoll jaqsmu spazju disk.

131
00:06:16,820 --> 00:06:20,000
U aħna wkoll qed jaqsmu RAM,
jew Random Access Memory

132
00:06:20,000 --> 00:06:22,520
minn qabel, li minnhom
hemm ukoll ammont finit.

133
00:06:22,520 --> 00:06:23,420
>> U dak l-ċavetta.

134
00:06:23,420 --> 00:06:25,960
Ma jimpurtax kemm jiswew
il-kompjuter kien,

135
00:06:25,960 --> 00:06:28,440
għadu hemm finit
ammont ta 'riżorsi fiha.

136
00:06:28,440 --> 00:06:31,360
U għalhekk l-aktar u aktar inti
jippruvaw li jikkunsmaw dawk ir-riżorsi,

137
00:06:31,360 --> 00:06:32,850
l-affarijiet bil-mod jista 'jsir.

138
00:06:32,850 --> 00:06:34,646
Imma għala?

139
00:06:34,646 --> 00:06:39,352
Għaliex kieku l-affarijiet tnikkirx bħala
sintomu ta 'server jiġu mgħobbija żżejjed?

140
00:06:39,352 --> 00:06:40,060
X'qiegħed jiġri?

141
00:06:40,060 --> 00:06:42,895

142
00:06:42,895 --> 00:06:46,388
>> UDJENZA: [inaudible]

143
00:06:46,388 --> 00:06:54,036

144
00:06:54,036 --> 00:06:55,160
DAVID Malan: Yeah, eżattament.

145
00:06:55,160 --> 00:06:57,730
Jien proposti aktar kmieni li
RAM huwa tip ta 'memorja.

146
00:06:57,730 --> 00:07:00,290
Huwa volatili, fejn dan huwa
fejn apps u d-data

147
00:07:00,290 --> 00:07:01,890
maħżuna meta jkunu qed jiġu użati.

148
00:07:01,890 --> 00:07:03,990
U hekk għalhekk hemm
biss numru finit

149
00:07:03,990 --> 00:07:05,790
ta 'affarijiet li inti tista apparentement tagħmel f'daqqa.

150
00:07:05,790 --> 00:07:07,740
U huwa wkoll aktar mgħaġġla,
li hija ħaġa tajba.

151
00:07:07,740 --> 00:07:09,990
Imma hija wkoll aktar għaljin,
li hija ħaġa ħażina.

152
00:07:09,990 --> 00:07:15,376
U huwa wkoll għalhekk preżenti b'mod aktar baxx
kwantitajiet minn disk ispazju, hard disk

153
00:07:15,376 --> 00:07:16,750
ispazju, li għandhom tendenza li jkun irħas.

154
00:07:16,750 --> 00:07:18,830
>> Fi kliem ieħor, inti
jista 'jkollhom 4 ta'Terabytes

155
00:07:18,830 --> 00:07:20,440
ta 'spazju disk fil-kompjuter tiegħek.

156
00:07:20,440 --> 00:07:24,300
Imma inti jista 'jkollhom 4
gigabytes, jew 64 gigabytes,

157
00:07:24,300 --> 00:07:29,180
fl-ordni tal-kobor, fattur ta '
1000 inqas, ta 'RAM fil-kompjuter tiegħek.

158
00:07:29,180 --> 00:07:30,320
Allura dak li ma kompjuter do?

159
00:07:30,320 --> 00:07:32,236
Ukoll, ejja ngħidu li inti
do jkollhom 64 gigabytes

160
00:07:32,236 --> 00:07:35,110
ta 'RAM fil-server bħal dan, li
Ikun pjuttost komuni, jekk mhux baxx

161
00:07:35,110 --> 00:07:36,140
illum il-ġurnata.

162
00:07:36,140 --> 00:07:39,220
Imma ejja ngħidu li inti għandek tant
utenti jagħmlu ħafna affarijiet

163
00:07:39,220 --> 00:07:42,480
li inti tip ta 'tip ta'
jeħtieġu 65 gigabytes ta 'memorja

164
00:07:42,480 --> 00:07:44,960
biex jimmaniġġjaw kollha ta 'dak
użu simultanju?

165
00:07:44,960 --> 00:07:47,580
>> Ukoll, inti tista 'biss jgħidu,
sorry, xi numru ta 'utenti

166
00:07:47,580 --> 00:07:48,840
biss ma tistax aċċess għas-sit.

167
00:07:48,840 --> 00:07:51,410
U dan huwa l-miżura
l-aħħar għażla, ċertament.

168
00:07:51,410 --> 00:07:55,570
Jew inti, bħala l-operat
sistema, bħall-Windows jew Mac

169
00:07:55,570 --> 00:07:59,480
OS jew Linux jew Solaris jew kwalunkwe
Numru ta 'OSes oħra fuq dak is-server,

170
00:07:59,480 --> 00:08:01,280
jistgħu biss tiddeċiedi, inti taf liema?

171
00:08:01,280 --> 00:08:03,780
I biss 64 gigabytes ta 'RAM.

172
00:08:03,780 --> 00:08:05,440
I tip ta 'bżonn 65.

173
00:08:05,440 --> 00:08:06,210
Allura inti taf liema?

174
00:08:06,210 --> 00:08:10,030
Jien ser tieħu 1 gigabyte
valur tad-data fl-RAM

175
00:08:10,030 --> 00:08:15,240
li kien l-inqas l-aħħar aċċessati
u biss jmexxuha għal disk temporanjament,

176
00:08:15,240 --> 00:08:19,050
litteralment kopja mis-fast
memorja għall-memorja aktar bil-mod

177
00:08:19,050 --> 00:08:24,000
sabiex I jistgħu mbagħad jimmaniġġjaw dan
gigabyte ħtieġa 65 għall-memorja,

178
00:08:24,000 --> 00:08:25,650
jagħmlu xi komputazzjoni fuqha.

179
00:08:25,650 --> 00:08:28,580
Imbagħad meta jien jsir tagħmel dan,
I ser biss jiċċaqalqu li għal disk,

180
00:08:28,580 --> 00:08:35,030
mossa li RAM oħra jien temporanjament tqiegħed
fuq diska lura fil-hardware attwali

181
00:08:35,030 --> 00:08:37,280
b'tali mod li jien tip ta 'multitasking.

182
00:08:37,280 --> 00:08:41,190
>> Hekk jien tip ta 'tqegħid affarijiet
temporanjament f'dan l-ispazju aktar bil-mod

183
00:08:41,190 --> 00:08:44,159
so I joħolqu l-illużjoni
tat-tqandil kulħadd.

184
00:08:44,159 --> 00:08:45,290
Iżda hemm tnaqqis.

185
00:08:45,290 --> 00:08:45,790
Għaliex?

186
00:08:45,790 --> 00:08:49,380
Ukoll, ġewwa minn dawn iebes
diski dawn il-jiem huwa dak?

187
00:08:49,380 --> 00:08:52,030
Pjuttost, dak li jagħmel iebes
issuq differenti minn RAM

188
00:08:52,030 --> 00:08:53,495
bħala l-aħjar tafu issa?

189
00:08:53,495 --> 00:08:56,750
>> UDJENZA: [inaudible]

190
00:08:56,750 --> 00:08:59,540

191
00:08:59,540 --> 00:09:01,445
>> DAVID Malan: OK, vera.

192
00:09:01,445 --> 00:09:02,320
UDJENZA: [inaudible]

193
00:09:02,320 --> 00:09:05,440

194
00:09:05,440 --> 00:09:06,750
>> DAVID Malan: Allura ħafna minnu.

195
00:09:06,750 --> 00:09:13,709
U li hu effett sekondarju jew karatteristika
tal-fatt li RAM huwa tabilħaqq aktar mgħaġġel.

196
00:09:13,709 --> 00:09:15,750
U għalhekk inti tixtieq li
użu minnha għal użu attwali.

197
00:09:15,750 --> 00:09:17,290
U disk hija aktar baxxa.

198
00:09:17,290 --> 00:09:19,630
Imma hija permanenti, jew nonvolatile.

199
00:09:19,630 --> 00:09:21,480
Allura inti tagħmel użu minnha għall-ħażna fit-tul.

200
00:09:21,480 --> 00:09:25,160
Imma f'termini ta '
implimentazzjoni, jekk I ħarsa up

201
00:09:25,160 --> 00:09:29,297
dak li sejjaħ DIMM, Memorja Doppju Inline
Modulu, dan huwa dak biċċa ta 'RAM

202
00:09:29,297 --> 00:09:30,380
tista tipikament look like.

203
00:09:30,380 --> 00:09:35,050
>> Allura ġewwa tal Mac-- tagħna li l-bug.

204
00:09:35,050 --> 00:09:41,080
Ġewwa tal MACs tagħna u PCs, desktop tagħna
kompjuters jkollha bsaten tal-memorja,

205
00:09:41,080 --> 00:09:43,220
kif inti jsejħulhom,
jew DIMMs, jew SIMMs lura

206
00:09:43,220 --> 00:09:44,970
fil-ġurnata, tal-memorja
li teżamina bħal dan.

207
00:09:44,970 --> 00:09:47,900
laptops tagħna probabilment jkollhom affarijiet li
huma t-tielet l-daqs jew nofs id-daqs.

208
00:09:47,900 --> 00:09:50,066
Huma qed ftit iżgħar,
iżda l-istess ftit idea--

209
00:09:50,066 --> 00:09:52,110
biċċiet ta 'silikon aħdar
wejfer jew plastik li

210
00:09:52,110 --> 00:09:56,237
għandha ftit ċipep iswed fuqhom ma 'lottijiet
ta 'wajers interkonnessjoni kollox.

211
00:09:56,237 --> 00:09:58,820
Inti jista 'jkollhom mazz sħiħ ta'
dawn ġewwa tal-kompjuter tiegħek.

212
00:09:58,820 --> 00:10:00,903
Iżda l-takeaway hawnhekk huwa
huwa kompletament elettroniku.

213
00:10:00,903 --> 00:10:03,130
Hemm biss elettroni
flowing fuq dan il-mezz.

214
00:10:03,130 --> 00:10:08,170
B'kuntrast, jekk inħarsu lejn
il ġewwa ta 'hard drive

215
00:10:08,170 --> 00:10:10,760
u iġbed up stampa
hawn, inti minflok

216
00:10:10,760 --> 00:10:16,600
tara xi ħaġa bħal din,
li ma jkollhom l-elettriku

217
00:10:16,600 --> 00:10:17,950
għaddejja minn ġo fih finalment.

218
00:10:17,950 --> 00:10:20,265
Imma dak jumps wkoll
fi inti dwar dan ħaġa?

219
00:10:20,265 --> 00:10:21,140
UDJENZA: [inaudible]

220
00:10:21,140 --> 00:10:22,710
DAVID Malan: Yeah, hemm
apparentament partijiet li jiċċaqalqu.

221
00:10:22,710 --> 00:10:25,210
Huwa tip ta 'bħal rekord antik
player jew player fonogramma.

222
00:10:25,210 --> 00:10:26,200
U li huwa pjuttost ħafna huwa.

223
00:10:26,200 --> 00:10:28,950
Huwa ftit fancier minn that--
billi plejer fonogramma użata

224
00:10:28,950 --> 00:10:33,150
skanalaturi fir-rekord, dan fil-fatt
użi partiċelli żgħar manjetiċi ftit

225
00:10:33,150 --> 00:10:34,550
li ma nistgħux pjuttost tara.

226
00:10:34,550 --> 00:10:38,520
Imma jekk partiċelli manjetiċi ftit
tidher bħal dan, huwa meqjus bħala 1.

227
00:10:38,520 --> 00:10:41,230
U jekk jidher qisu dan,
tramuntana-nofsinhar minflok nofsinhar-tramuntana,

228
00:10:41,230 --> 00:10:42,252
jista 'jkun ta' 0.

229
00:10:42,252 --> 00:10:45,460
U aħna ser tara għada kif nistgħu nibnu
minn dak li affarijiet aktar interessanti.

230
00:10:45,460 --> 00:10:47,590
>> Imma xi ħaġa li l-
ltqajna biex fiżikament jimxu

231
00:10:47,590 --> 00:10:51,010
huwa żgur se jmorru bil-mod
mill-veloċità tad-dawl,

232
00:10:51,010 --> 00:10:53,250
li fit-teorija huwa dak
elettron tista 'toħroġ bi,

233
00:10:53,250 --> 00:10:54,620
għalkemm realistikament pjuttost mhux.

234
00:10:54,620 --> 00:10:56,900
devices-- hekk mekkaniku ħafna aktar kajman.

235
00:10:56,900 --> 00:10:58,320
Iżda dawn qed irħas.

236
00:10:58,320 --> 00:11:00,944
U inti tista tajbin tant
data aktar ġewwa minnhom.

237
00:11:00,944 --> 00:11:03,110
Allura l-fatt li hemm
teżisti fid-xi ħaġa dinja

238
00:11:03,110 --> 00:11:06,840
imsejħa memorja virtwali,
użu ta 'hard disk bħal dan

239
00:11:06,840 --> 00:11:10,160
daqs li kieku kienet RAM
trasparenti għall-utent,

240
00:11:10,160 --> 00:11:15,320
sempliċiment billi jiċċaqilqu dejta
mill RAM lill-hard disk,

241
00:11:15,320 --> 00:11:18,714
mbagħad jimxu lura meta għandek bżonn
mill-ġdid, joħloq it-tnaqqis.

242
00:11:18,714 --> 00:11:21,380
Għaliex inti litteralment ikollhom biex
kopja minn post għall-ieħor.

243
00:11:21,380 --> 00:11:25,100
U l-ħaġa li qed ikkupjar għal u
minn huwa attwalment aktar kajman milli l-RAM

244
00:11:25,100 --> 00:11:26,150
fejn inti tixtieq li jkun.

245
00:11:26,150 --> 00:11:29,030
>> Is-soluzzjoni here-- alternattiva
jekk inti ma simili li jmajna,

246
00:11:29,030 --> 00:11:32,014
u l-memorja virtwali tiegħek hija
tip li jkunu overtaxed,

247
00:11:32,014 --> 00:11:33,680
x'hemm soluzzjoni oħra għal din il-problema?

248
00:11:33,680 --> 00:11:35,260
>> UDJENZA: [inaudible]

249
00:11:35,260 --> 00:11:37,260
DAVID Malan: Well,
tiżdied il-memorja virtwali

250
00:11:37,260 --> 00:11:39,135
let us tagħmel dan fuq
skala saħansitra akbar.

251
00:11:39,135 --> 00:11:43,540
Nistgħu manku 66 gigabytes jiswew
ta 'ħtiġijiet memorja, jew 67 gigabytes.

252
00:11:43,540 --> 00:11:45,830
Imma ejja ngħidu jien ma simili
din stabbiliti bil-mod, fil-fatt

253
00:11:45,830 --> 00:11:49,380
Irrid li itfi virtwali
Memorja jekk dan huwa possibbli wkoll,

254
00:11:49,380 --> 00:11:52,350
x'iktar jista I tarmi fi
din il-problema biex issolviha,

255
00:11:52,350 --> 00:11:56,900
fejn nixtieq li jimmaniġġaw aktar utenti
u r-rekwiżiti tal-memorja aktar

256
00:11:56,900 --> 00:11:59,100
minn I fiżikament jkollhom fil-mument?

257
00:11:59,100 --> 00:12:02,600
>> UDJENZA: [inaudible]

258
00:12:02,600 --> 00:12:04,800

259
00:12:04,800 --> 00:12:06,140
>> DAVID Malan: Sfortunatament l-ebda.

260
00:12:06,140 --> 00:12:09,850
Allura l-CPU u l-qlub dawn qed
fil huma riżorsa limitata.

261
00:12:09,850 --> 00:12:13,280
U hemm l-ebda Analog f'dak il-kuntest.

262
00:12:13,280 --> 00:12:14,990
Mistoqsija tajba, għalkemm.

263
00:12:14,990 --> 00:12:19,270
Hekk biss li tkun ċara, wisq, jekk
ġewwa ta 'dan il-kompjuter huwa,

264
00:12:19,270 --> 00:12:24,510
ejja ngħidu, stick ta RAM li jistenna
bħall this-- u hekk aħna ser sejħa dan RAM.

265
00:12:24,510 --> 00:12:27,070
U aktar hawnhekk huwa l-hard disk drive.

266
00:12:27,070 --> 00:12:30,130
U jien ser biss jiġbed din il
pictorially bħala ċirku ftit.

267
00:12:30,130 --> 00:12:33,740
Hemm 0 u 1 ta f'dawn iż-
data these--, aħna ser tiġġeneralizza dan bħala.

268
00:12:33,740 --> 00:12:38,030
>> U essenzjalment, jekk utent ikun
running applikazzjoni simili,

269
00:12:38,030 --> 00:12:46,070
ejja ngħidu, websajt li teħtieġ dan
RAM ħafna għal kull utent, dak li jien tipproponi,

270
00:12:46,070 --> 00:12:48,380
permezz ta 'dan ħaġa
imsejħa memorja virtwali,

271
00:12:48,380 --> 00:12:53,990
huwa biss jmorru temporanjament
li minn hawn hekk li issa jien

272
00:12:53,990 --> 00:12:57,810
tista 'timxi memorja xi ħadd ieħor
Rekwiżiti hemmhekk.

273
00:12:57,810 --> 00:13:00,420
U mbagħad meta dan isir,
I tista 'kopja din il lura matul

274
00:13:00,420 --> 00:13:04,550
u dan imur hawn, u b'hekk li jiċċaqalqu
dak li ridt fil hemm x'imkien ieħor

275
00:13:04,550 --> 00:13:05,050
għal kollox.

276
00:13:05,050 --> 00:13:07,820
>> Allura hemm biss ħafna
switcheroo, huwa l-takeaway hawnhekk.

277
00:13:07,820 --> 00:13:12,380
Mela jekk inti ma bħal dan, u inti ma
tixtieq li tqiegħed xi ħaġa fuq il-hard drive,

278
00:13:12,380 --> 00:13:16,440
x'hemm tip ta 'l-ovvju
Soluzzjoni persuna fin-negozju tal

279
00:13:16,440 --> 00:13:19,684
għall-problema, jew mar-inġinier
soluzzjoni, għal dik il-kwistjoni, wisq?

280
00:13:19,684 --> 00:13:21,950
>> UDJENZA: [inaudible]

281
00:13:21,950 --> 00:13:24,750
>> DAVID Malan: Yeah, I tfisser litteralment
tarmi l-flus lejn il-problema.

282
00:13:24,750 --> 00:13:27,541
U fil-fatt, dan huwa l-perfetta
segue għal xi wħud mill-livell ogħla

283
00:13:27,541 --> 00:13:28,870
diskussjonijiet ta 'sħaba computing.

284
00:13:28,870 --> 00:13:31,390
Minħabba ħafna ta 'dan huwa mmotivat
billi deċiżjonijiet finanzjarji,

285
00:13:31,390 --> 00:13:33,040
lanqas neċessarjament teknoloġiċi.

286
00:13:33,040 --> 00:13:37,830
Jekk 64 gigs ta 'RAM huwa ftit wisq, ukoll,
għaliex ma jsibux 128 gigabytes ta 'RAM?

287
00:13:37,830 --> 00:13:40,440
Għaliex ma jiksbu 256 gigabytes ta 'RAM?

288
00:13:40,440 --> 00:13:41,732
Ukoll, għaliex le?

289
00:13:41,732 --> 00:13:42,608
>> UDJENZA: [inaudible]

290
00:13:42,608 --> 00:13:44,482
DAVID Malan: Ukoll, huwa
ispejjeż aktar flus, żgur.

291
00:13:44,482 --> 00:13:46,970
U jekk inti diġà għandhom żejda
ispazju hard disk, b'mod effettiv,

292
00:13:46,970 --> 00:13:51,407
jew b'mod ekwivalenti, l-ispazju hard disk hi tant
ferm irħas inti tista 'ukoll tagħmel użu minnha.

293
00:13:51,407 --> 00:13:54,490
Għalhekk għal darb'oħra, hemm dan il-kummerċ off li
rajna anke qabel fuq dalgħodu,

294
00:13:54,490 --> 00:13:56,656
fejn hemm verament ma
neċessarjament risposta dritt,

295
00:13:56,656 --> 00:14:01,360
hemm biss tweġiba aħjar jew agħar
ibbażati fuq dak li inti fil-fatt jimpurtahom.

296
00:14:01,360 --> 00:14:04,500
>> Allura hemm ukoll realtajiet teknoloġiċi.

297
00:14:04,500 --> 00:14:06,870
I ma jistgħux jixtru kompjuter,
sa fejn naf jien,

298
00:14:06,870 --> 00:14:09,490
bil triljun gigabytes
RAM dritt issa.

299
00:14:09,490 --> 00:14:11,540
Hija biss fiżikament ma teżistix.

300
00:14:11,540 --> 00:14:13,240
Allura hemm xi rbit superjuri.

301
00:14:13,240 --> 00:14:15,990
Imma jekk inti stajt qatt anki shopped
għal Mac konsumatur jew PC,

302
00:14:15,990 --> 00:14:20,180
wisq, ġeneralment hemm
din il-kurva ta 'karatteristiċi

303
00:14:20,180 --> 00:14:23,410
fejn jista 'jkun hemm tajba,
aħjar, u kompjuter aħjar.

304
00:14:23,410 --> 00:14:25,730
>> U l-prospetti marġinali
fuq xiri dollaru tiegħek

305
00:14:25,730 --> 00:14:30,227
l-aħjar kompjuter kontra
il-kompjuter aħjar

306
00:14:30,227 --> 00:14:32,560
ma jista 'jkun kważi bħala għoli
bħala infiq tal-flus ftit aktar

307
00:14:32,560 --> 00:14:35,599
u jkollna l-aħjar kompjuter
fuq il-kompjuter tajba.

308
00:14:35,599 --> 00:14:38,390
Fi kliem ieħor, inti qed tħallas
primjum li jiksbu l-quċċata tal-linja.

309
00:14:38,390 --> 00:14:40,790
>> U dak li aħna ser tara fil-
diskussjoni ta 'sħaba computing

310
00:14:40,790 --> 00:14:44,940
hija li dak komuni ħafna dawn
ġranet, u liema kumpaniji bħall-Google

311
00:14:44,940 --> 00:14:50,560
kmieni popularized, ma kien tħallas
għal u bini verament fancy, għaljin

312
00:14:50,560 --> 00:14:53,540
souped up kompjuters
lottijiet u lottijiet ta 'kollox,

313
00:14:53,540 --> 00:15:00,140
iżda pjuttost jixtru jew bini pretty
Kompjuters modesti imma ħafna minnhom,

314
00:15:00,140 --> 00:15:03,280
u l-użu xi ħaġa li ġeneralment
imsejħa skalar orizzontali minflok

315
00:15:03,280 --> 00:15:04,320
ta skalar vertikali.

316
00:15:04,320 --> 00:15:08,115
>> Allura skalar vertikali ikun ifisser tikseb aktar
RAM, aktar disk, aktar ta 'kollox,

317
00:15:08,115 --> 00:15:10,187
u tip ta 'investiment
vertikalment fil-hardware tiegħek

318
00:15:10,187 --> 00:15:12,520
hekk int biss jkollna l-
aħjar mill-aħjar mill-aħjar,

319
00:15:12,520 --> 00:15:13,650
imma int qed tħallas għaliha.

320
00:15:13,650 --> 00:15:17,580
skalar orizzontali tip ta 'nikseb l-
qiegħ affarijiet saff, il-mudell tajjeb,

321
00:15:17,580 --> 00:15:19,922
jew saħansitra l-mudell agħar,
iżda jiksbu ħafna minnhom.

322
00:15:19,922 --> 00:15:22,630
Iżda hekk kif ikollok lottijiet ta '
them-- pereżempju, f'dan il-każ,

323
00:15:22,630 --> 00:15:27,330
servers mill-web, jekk dan is-server wieħed
jew web ospitanti wieħed ma jkunx biżżejjed,

324
00:15:27,330 --> 00:15:32,310
allura biss intuwittivament, il
soluzzjoni għal din il-problema tat-tagħbija

325
00:15:32,310 --> 00:15:36,460
jew tagħbija żejda fuq servers tiegħek
huwa jew tikseb server akbar

326
00:15:36,460 --> 00:15:40,770
jew, dak li jien tipproponi hawn minflok
ta skalar vertikalment biex ngħidu hekk,

327
00:15:40,770 --> 00:15:41,920
Ikun, inti taf liema?

328
00:15:41,920 --> 00:15:43,580
Biss jiksbu t-tieni wieħed minn dawn.

329
00:15:43,580 --> 00:15:46,560
Jew forsi anki jiksbu terz.

330
00:15:46,560 --> 00:15:48,900
Imma issa konna maħluqa
problema ta 'inġinerija

331
00:15:48,900 --> 00:15:51,920
min-natura ta 'dan in-negozju
jew deċiżjoni finanzjarja.

332
00:15:51,920 --> 00:15:54,312
X'inhi l-problema ta 'inġinerija issa?

333
00:15:54,312 --> 00:15:56,040
>> UDJENZA: [inaudible]

334
00:15:56,040 --> 00:15:59,740
>> DAVID Malan: Yeah, kif do
inti tqabbad minnhom and-- sorry?

335
00:15:59,740 --> 00:16:00,651
>> UDJENZA: [inaudible]

336
00:16:00,651 --> 00:16:02,400
DAVID Malan: Dritt,
minħabba I għadhom have--

337
00:16:02,400 --> 00:16:07,280
jekk jien tintroduċi mill-ġdid me fis din l-istampa,
jekk dan ikun laptop tiegħi x'imkien

338
00:16:07,280 --> 00:16:12,400
fuq l-internet, li issa huwa bejn
lili u l-kumpanija aħna qed jitkellem dwar,

339
00:16:12,400 --> 00:16:17,960
issa għandi biex insemmu, li għalihom
server għandi nibgħat dan l-utent partikolari?

340
00:16:17,960 --> 00:16:25,090
U jekk hemm utenti oħra, bħall
dan, u allura dan wieħed hawn fuq,

341
00:16:25,090 --> 00:16:28,850
u forsi dan huwa utent A, dan
huwa utent B, dan huwa l-utent Ċ,

342
00:16:28,850 --> 00:16:34,720
u dan huwa server 1, 2, u 3-- issa
risposta intuwittivi jista hawn ikunu ġusti,

343
00:16:34,720 --> 00:16:37,460
aħna ser tibgħat utent A sa 1
u B għal 2 u Ċ sa 3.

344
00:16:37,460 --> 00:16:39,900
U nistgħu jimmaniġġaw 3 darbiet aktar utenti.

345
00:16:39,900 --> 00:16:41,360
>> Imma dak li oversimplification.

346
00:16:41,360 --> 00:16:44,480
Kif taħseb li tiddeċiedi min trid tintbagħat fejn?

347
00:16:44,480 --> 00:16:46,400
Mela ejja jippruvaw għal raġuni permezz ta 'dan.

348
00:16:46,400 --> 00:16:50,110
Allura jissoponi li l-kompjuters
A, B, u Ċ huma klijenti,

349
00:16:50,110 --> 00:16:53,972
u s-servers 1, 2, u 3 huma
orizzontalment skalat servers.

350
00:16:53,972 --> 00:16:55,180
Allura dawn qed tip ta identiku.

351
00:16:55,180 --> 00:16:57,200
Huma qed kollha timxi l-istess software.

352
00:16:57,200 --> 00:16:59,770
U dawn kollha jistgħu jagħmlu l-istess ħaġa.

353
00:16:59,770 --> 00:17:01,520
Iżda r-raġuni għandna
tlieta minnhom huwa hekk

354
00:17:01,520 --> 00:17:04,710
li nistgħu jimmaniġġaw tliet
darbiet ħafna nies f'daqqa.

355
00:17:04,710 --> 00:17:07,960
>> Allura nafu mill tagħna
diskussjoni minn qabel biex lunch

356
00:17:07,960 --> 00:17:11,460
li hemm ħardwer bejniethom
-laptops u s-servers.

357
00:17:11,460 --> 00:17:14,920
Iżda aħna ser biss tip ta 'jiġġeneralizza
li issa bħala l-internet jew l-sħaba.

358
00:17:14,920 --> 00:17:18,707
Imma nafu li fid-dar tiegħi,
hemm probabilment router dar.

359
00:17:18,707 --> 00:17:21,290
Ħdejn il-servers, hemm probabilment
router, server DNS, DHCP.

360
00:17:21,290 --> 00:17:24,780
Jista 'jkun hemm xejn
irridu fil din l-istorja.

361
00:17:24,780 --> 00:17:33,360
>> Allura kif do nibdew biex jiddeċiedu,
meta l-utent A tmur għall something.com,

362
00:17:33,360 --> 00:17:36,630
li server biex rotta lill-utent biex?

363
00:17:36,630 --> 00:17:39,409
Kif tista aħna jibdew tgħid l din l-istorja?

364
00:17:39,409 --> 00:17:40,450
UDJENZA: ibbilanċjar tat-tagħbija?

365
00:17:40,450 --> 00:17:41,120
DAVID Malan: ibbilanċjar tat-tagħbija.

366
00:17:41,120 --> 00:17:42,502
Xi trid tgħid biha?

367
00:17:42,502 --> 00:17:44,660
>> UDJENZA: Ritorn
fejn l-użu aktar hija

368
00:17:44,660 --> 00:17:47,472
u li wieħed minnhom għandu l-
F'ħafna riżorsi disponibbli.

369
00:17:47,472 --> 00:17:49,930
DAVID Malan: OK, so let me
tintroduċi tip ġdid ta 'hardware

370
00:17:49,930 --> 00:17:53,627
li għadna ma diskussi, li
huwa eżattament dan, balancer tagħbija.

371
00:17:53,627 --> 00:17:54,960
Dan ukoll jista 'jkun biss ta' server.

372
00:17:54,960 --> 00:17:58,130
Dan jista 'jidher eżattament bħal
l-waħda rajna mument ilu.

373
00:17:58,130 --> 00:18:01,000
A balancer tagħbija hija verament
biss biċċa ta 'softwer

374
00:18:01,000 --> 00:18:02,660
li inti tmexxi fuq biċċa ta 'hardware.

375
00:18:02,660 --> 00:18:07,310
>> Jew inti tista 'tħallas bejjiegħ, bħal
Citrix jew oħrajn, Cisco jew oħrajn.

376
00:18:07,310 --> 00:18:10,465
Inti tista 'tħallas għal ħardwer tagħhom stess,
li huwa balancer tagħbija hardware.

377
00:18:10,465 --> 00:18:12,840
Iżda dan ifisser biss li huma
installat minn qabel l-ibbilanċjar tat-tagħbija

378
00:18:12,840 --> 00:18:15,580
softwer fuq il-hardware tagħhom u
mibjugħa lill inti kollha flimkien.

379
00:18:15,580 --> 00:18:18,670
Allura aħna ser biss tiġbed bħala
rettangolu għall-għanijiet tagħna.

380
00:18:18,670 --> 00:18:22,040
>> Kif issa nista jimplimentaw balancer tagħbija?

381
00:18:22,040 --> 00:18:28,150
Fi kliem ieħor, meta l-utent A trid
żur is-sit tiegħi, it-talba tagħhom b'xi

382
00:18:28,150 --> 00:18:31,070
jew ieħor, probabbilment permezz ta 'dawk
routers tkellimna dwar preċedenti,

383
00:18:31,070 --> 00:18:33,750
se eventwalment jaslu
dan il balancer tagħbija, li mbagħad

384
00:18:33,750 --> 00:18:36,210
jeħtieġ li jagħmel deċiżjoni tar-rotta simili.

385
00:18:36,210 --> 00:18:38,320
Iżda huwa routing għall tip
ta 'skop ogħla issa.

386
00:18:38,320 --> 00:18:40,361
Huwa mhux biss dwar jkollna
minn punt A sa punt

387
00:18:40,361 --> 00:18:44,730
B. Huwa dwar jiddeċiedu liema
punt B huwa l-aħjar fost them--

388
00:18:44,730 --> 00:18:46,660
1, 2, jew 3 ta 'dan il-każ.

389
00:18:46,660 --> 00:18:51,000
>> Allura kif nista tiddeċiedi jekk
li jmorru għal 1, 2, 3?

390
00:18:51,000 --> 00:18:55,180
Liema jista din il-kaxxa iswed, hekk li
jitkellmu, tkun qiegħda tagħmel fuq ġewwa?

391
00:18:55,180 --> 00:18:57,880
Dan ukoll huwa eżempju ieħor fl
xjenza tal-kompjuter ta 'estrazzjoni.

392
00:18:57,880 --> 00:19:02,410
Għandi litteralment ġibed balancer tagħbija
bħala kaxxa sewda bil-linka sewda, ġewwa

393
00:19:02,410 --> 00:19:05,300
li minnhom hija xi interessanti
loġika, jew magic saħansitra,

394
00:19:05,300 --> 00:19:07,840
li minnhom jeħtieġ li jiġu
a decision-- 1, 2, jew 3.

395
00:19:07,840 --> 00:19:12,220
U l-input huwa biss A.

396
00:19:12,220 --> 00:19:13,442
>> UDJENZA: [inaudible]

397
00:19:13,442 --> 00:19:14,400
DAVID Malan: Im sorry?

398
00:19:14,400 --> 00:19:14,770
UDJENZA: [inaudible]

399
00:19:14,770 --> 00:19:18,310
DAVID Malan: Kull dritt, kif jista aħna
categorize it-tipi ta 'tranżazzjonijiet

400
00:19:18,310 --> 00:19:19,095
hawn?

401
00:19:19,095 --> 00:19:23,772
>> UDJENZA: Wiri webpage
versus juri dubji database.

402
00:19:23,772 --> 00:19:24,980
DAVID Malan: OK, li tajjeb.

403
00:19:24,980 --> 00:19:29,210
Allura forsi dan l-utent A
irid jara web page.

404
00:19:29,210 --> 00:19:32,954
U forsi huwa saħansitra kontenut statiku,
xi ħaġa li l-bidliet rari, jekk qatt.

405
00:19:32,954 --> 00:19:34,870
U li tidher qisha
operazzjoni pjuttost sempliċi.

406
00:19:34,870 --> 00:19:38,260
Allura forsi aħna ser biss b'mod arbitrarju,
iżda raġonevolment, jgħidu,

407
00:19:38,260 --> 00:19:42,750
servers 1, l-iskop tiegħu fil-ħajja huwa
għal ftit iservu sa kontenut statiku,

408
00:19:42,750 --> 00:19:45,150
fajls li rarament, jekk qatt, it-tibdil.

409
00:19:45,150 --> 00:19:46,870
Forsi huwa l-immaġini fuq il-paġna.

410
00:19:46,870 --> 00:19:50,180
Forsi huwa l-test fuq il-paġna jew
tali xorta oħra ta 'affarijiet uninteresting,

411
00:19:50,180 --> 00:19:52,460
xejn transazzjonali, xejn dinamiku.

412
00:19:52,460 --> 00:19:57,000
>> B'kuntrast, jekk l-utent A qed jiċċekkja
minn shopping cart tiegħu jew tagħha li

413
00:19:57,000 --> 00:20:00,972
jeħtieġ database, someplace taħżen
u ftakar li transazzjoni, sew

414
00:20:00,972 --> 00:20:02,680
forsi din it-talba
għandhom imorru għal server 2.

415
00:20:02,680 --> 00:20:03,610
Allura li tajjeb.

416
00:20:03,610 --> 00:20:07,010
Allura nistgħu tagħbija bilanċ bbażata
fuq it-tip ta 'talbiet.

417
00:20:07,010 --> 00:20:08,278
Kif inkella tista nagħmlu dan?

418
00:20:08,278 --> 00:20:13,690

419
00:20:13,690 --> 00:20:14,686
Liema other--

420
00:20:14,686 --> 00:20:17,382
>> UDJENZA: Ibbażat fuq il-s-server
utilizzazzjoni u l-kapaċità.

421
00:20:17,382 --> 00:20:18,340
DAVID Malan: Dritt, OK.

422
00:20:18,340 --> 00:20:19,950
Allura inti semma li qabel, Kareem.

423
00:20:19,950 --> 00:20:26,850
Allura dak li jekk aħna jipprovdu xi kontribut
fi [inaudible] fost servers 1, 2,

424
00:20:26,850 --> 00:20:32,070
u 3 ma 'dan balancer tagħbija b'tali mod li
dawn qed biss b'mod kostanti tinforma

425
00:20:32,070 --> 00:20:36,420
il balancer tagħbija dak l-istatus tagħhom hu?

426
00:20:36,420 --> 00:20:39,842
Bħal, ħej, balancer tagħbija,
Jien fil utilizzazzjoni ta '50%.

427
00:20:39,842 --> 00:20:41,550
Fi kliem ieħor, għandi
nofs l-utenti kif ħafna

428
00:20:41,550 --> 00:20:43,520
kif I jistgħu attwalment jimmaniġġaw id-dritt issa.

429
00:20:43,520 --> 00:20:45,480
Ħej, balancer tagħbija, jien
fil utilizzazzjoni 100%.

430
00:20:45,480 --> 00:20:47,929
Ħej, balancer tagħbija, 0% utilizzazzjoni.

431
00:20:47,929 --> 00:20:49,970
Il balancer tagħbija, jekk huwa
mfassla b'mod li

432
00:20:49,970 --> 00:20:53,990
tista 'tieħu fil dawk il-kummenti
bħala input, dan imbagħad jista '

433
00:20:53,990 --> 00:20:57,420
tiddeċiedi, ooh, numru 2 huwa ta '100%.

434
00:20:57,420 --> 00:21:01,440
Let me tibgħat ebda talbiet futuri lilu
minbarra l-utenti diġà huma konnessi.

435
00:21:01,440 --> 00:21:02,360
Dan Guy huwa ta '0%.

436
00:21:02,360 --> 00:21:03,940
Ejja jibgħat ħafna ta 'traffiku lilu.

437
00:21:03,940 --> 00:21:05,480
Dan Guy qal hu għal 50%.

438
00:21:05,480 --> 00:21:08,080
Ejja jibgħat xi traffiku lilu.

439
00:21:08,080 --> 00:21:12,012
>> Allura li tkun ingredjent, li
aħna nkunu nistgħu nieħdu tagħbija kont.

440
00:21:12,012 --> 00:21:13,470
U li għaddej biex jinbidlu maż-żmien.

441
00:21:13,470 --> 00:21:14,678
Allura l-deëiŜjonijiet se jinbidlu.

442
00:21:14,678 --> 00:21:17,350
Allura dak ta 'teknika tassew tajba,
wieħed li komunement użati.

443
00:21:17,350 --> 00:21:18,410
X'aktar jista nagħmlu?

444
00:21:18,410 --> 00:21:20,380
U ejja attwalment biss tqassar hawn.

445
00:21:20,380 --> 00:21:29,510
Allura deċiżjonijiet hawnhekk jista 'jkun
skond it-tip ta 'traffiku, jien ser sejħa hija.

446
00:21:29,510 --> 00:21:32,220
Hija tista 'tkun ibbażata fuq it-tagħbija.

447
00:21:32,220 --> 00:21:34,692
Ejja naraw jekk aħna ma tistax
toħroġ bi ftit ieħor.

448
00:21:34,692 --> 00:21:35,934
>> UDJENZA: [inaudible]

449
00:21:35,934 --> 00:21:36,850
DAVID Malan: Post.

450
00:21:36,850 --> 00:21:37,724
Allura li l-waħda tajba.

451
00:21:37,724 --> 00:21:40,880
Allura location-- kif jista inti
lieva dik l-informazzjoni?

452
00:21:40,880 --> 00:21:44,317
>> UDJENZA: [inaudible]

453
00:21:44,317 --> 00:21:54,140

454
00:21:54,140 --> 00:21:57,040
>> DAVID Malan: Oh, li tajjeb.

455
00:21:57,040 --> 00:21:59,450
U dwar kemm millisekondi
ikun jidher jonqsu

456
00:21:59,450 --> 00:22:02,466
ibbażati fuq dak li rajna dan l-
filgħodu, tgħid?

457
00:22:02,466 --> 00:22:04,330
>> UDJENZA: [inaudible]

458
00:22:04,330 --> 00:22:06,550
>> DAVID Malan: Well, ibbażata
fuq ir-rotot ta 'traċċi

459
00:22:06,550 --> 00:22:09,070
rajna qabel, li huwa biss
miżura approssimattiva ta 'xi ħaġa,

460
00:22:09,070 --> 00:22:11,800
mill-inqas kemm żmien li tieħu
għal data li tikseb minn A sa B

461
00:22:11,800 --> 00:22:16,140
iħoss bħal kull ħaġa lokali kienet, dak,
bħall 74 millisekondi, jagħtu jew jieħu?

462
00:22:16,140 --> 00:22:19,200
U allura xejn 100 plus,
200 flimkien ma kien probabbilment barra l-pajjiż.

463
00:22:19,200 --> 00:22:22,110
U hekk ibbażata fuq dik biss,
jidher li huwa raġonevoli li wieħed jassumi

464
00:22:22,110 --> 00:22:25,310
li għal utent fl-Istati Uniti
għall-aċċess għal server Ewropew

465
00:22:25,310 --> 00:22:28,900
jista 'jieħu darbtejn jew tliet darbiet
sakemm, anki fil millisekondi,

466
00:22:28,900 --> 00:22:31,280
milli jista 'jieħu jekk dik
servers kienu jinsabu hawn

467
00:22:31,280 --> 00:22:33,370
ġeografikament, jew viċi versa.

468
00:22:33,370 --> 00:22:35,120
Allura meta I propost
qabel li speċjalment

469
00:22:35,120 --> 00:22:37,880
ladarba inti jaqsmu dan 200 millisekonda
limitu, jagħtu jew jieħu,

470
00:22:37,880 --> 00:22:39,210
bnedmin do tibda l-avviż.

471
00:22:39,210 --> 00:22:42,960
U r-rotta traċċa huwa biss
jekk wieħed jassumi prima, data uninteresting.

472
00:22:42,960 --> 00:22:46,570
Meta għandek website, inti għandek
jiksbu l-utent tniżżil stampi jew movie

473
00:22:46,570 --> 00:22:49,150
fajls, lottijiet ta 'test,
jitlob sussegwenti.

474
00:22:49,150 --> 00:22:53,116
Rajna meta żorna, dak li kien
dan, Facebook jew Amazon qabel,

475
00:22:53,116 --> 00:22:55,490
hemm lott kollu ta 'għalf
li jeħtieġ li jitniżżlu.

476
00:22:55,490 --> 00:22:56,573
Allura li għaddej biex jammontaw.

477
00:22:56,573 --> 00:23:00,259
Allura multi-il sekonda tista
Ma jkun irraġonevoli.

478
00:23:00,259 --> 00:23:01,800
Allura tajjeb, ġeografija huwa ingredjent wieħed.

479
00:23:01,800 --> 00:23:05,920
Allura fil-fatt kumpaniji bħal
Akamai, jekk inti widnejna minnhom,

480
00:23:05,920 --> 00:23:10,000
jew oħrajn ilhom ħadu
ġeografija in kunsiderazzjoni.

481
00:23:10,000 --> 00:23:14,170
U jirriżulta li min-natura ta '
indirizz IP, laptop tiegħi l-indirizz IP,

482
00:23:14,170 --> 00:23:18,277
inti tista 'tiddeduċi, b'xi probabbilità,
fejn int fid-dinja.

483
00:23:18,277 --> 00:23:20,110
U fil-fatt hemm
servizzi ta 'partijiet terzi inti

484
00:23:20,110 --> 00:23:24,480
tista 'tħallas li iżommu databases
ta 'indirizzi IP u geographies

485
00:23:24,480 --> 00:23:28,660
li bil-kunfidenza għolja se jkun
minnu meta mistoqsi, fejn fid-dinja

486
00:23:28,660 --> 00:23:30,090
huwa dan l-indirizz IP?

487
00:23:30,090 --> 00:23:32,130
>> U hekk fil-fatt dak li
kumpaniji l-oħra jużaw dan?

488
00:23:32,130 --> 00:23:35,900
Jekk għandek Hulu jew Netflix, jekk
inti stajt qatt ġew jivvjaġġaw barra minn pajjiżhom,

489
00:23:35,900 --> 00:23:38,640
u inti tipprova tara xi ħaġa fuq
Hulu, u int mhux fl-Istati Uniti,

490
00:23:38,640 --> 00:23:41,280
inti tista 'tara messaġġ
qal, mhux fl-Istati Uniti.

491
00:23:41,280 --> 00:23:43,208
Jiddispjacini, inti ma tistax tara dan il-kontenut.

492
00:23:43,208 --> 00:23:44,420
>> UDJENZA: [inaudible]

493
00:23:44,420 --> 00:23:46,020
>> DAVID Malan: Oh, tassew?

494
00:23:46,020 --> 00:23:48,480
Iżda iva, b'tali mod attwalment li l-
applikazzjoni perfetta

495
00:23:48,480 --> 00:23:51,060
ta 'xi ħaġa teknika ħafna
għal problema reali.

496
00:23:51,060 --> 00:23:55,100
Jekk ġejt biex VPN minn
Ewropa jew l-Asja jew fi kwalunkwe post

497
00:23:55,100 --> 00:23:57,950
fid-dinja korporattiva tiegħek
kwartieri ġenerali fi New York

498
00:23:57,950 --> 00:24:00,670
jew fejn int, int
ser joħloq l-apparenza

499
00:24:00,670 --> 00:24:03,580
għal websajts esterni li
int attwalment fi New York,

500
00:24:03,580 --> 00:24:05,660
anki jekk int
fiżikament pjuttost bogħod.

501
00:24:05,660 --> 00:24:08,057
>> Issa inti l-utent ser
taf int ovvjament bogħod.

502
00:24:08,057 --> 00:24:11,140
Imma int wkoll se jħossu għaliex
ta 'dawk millisekondi addizzjonali.

503
00:24:11,140 --> 00:24:14,510
Dik id-distanza addizzjonali u l-
encryption li qed jiġri fil-VPN

504
00:24:14,510 --> 00:24:15,760
se jrattab affarijiet isfel.

505
00:24:15,760 --> 00:24:17,680
Allura li tista 'jew ma tistax
tkun esperjenza kbira.

506
00:24:17,680 --> 00:24:21,050
Iżda Hulu u Netflix tmur tara
inti bħala seduta x'imkien fi New York,

507
00:24:21,050 --> 00:24:23,817
kif inti stajt miġbura b'mod ċar.

508
00:24:23,817 --> 00:24:25,150
What a perfett soluzzjoni għal dan.

509
00:24:25,150 --> 00:24:28,490
>> Kull dritt, hekk ġeografija huwa deċiżjoni waħda.

510
00:24:28,490 --> 00:24:32,290
X'iktar jista nużaw biex jiddeċiedu kif
għat-traffiku rotta minn A, B, u Ċ

511
00:24:32,290 --> 00:24:37,040
għal 1, 2, u 3, għal darb'oħra, it-tqegħid
l-kappell ta 'inġinerija fuq?

512
00:24:37,040 --> 00:24:38,850
Dan kollu ħsejjes kkumplikata ħafna.

513
00:24:38,850 --> 00:24:41,490
Uh, I do not know anki fejn
li tibda l-implimentazzjoni dawk.

514
00:24:41,490 --> 00:24:44,450
Give me xi ħaġa li sempliċi.

515
00:24:44,450 --> 00:24:48,160
X'hemm l-eħfef mod
biex jagħmlu din id-deċiżjoni?

516
00:24:48,160 --> 00:24:49,840
>> UDJENZA: Il-server disponibbli?

517
00:24:49,840 --> 00:24:51,650
>> DAVID Malan: Huwa l-server disponibbli?

518
00:24:51,650 --> 00:24:53,970
Allura mhux ħażin.

519
00:24:53,970 --> 00:24:54,470
Tajjeb.

520
00:24:54,470 --> 00:24:56,260
C'est tip ta 'nuancing ta' tagħbija.

521
00:24:56,260 --> 00:24:58,070
Mela ejja iżommu dan l-kategorija tat-tagħbija.

522
00:24:58,070 --> 00:25:00,010
Jekk inti qed disponibbli, jien biss
ser tibgħat l-informazzjoni hemmhekk.

523
00:25:00,010 --> 00:25:01,343
Iżda dan jista 'backfire malajr.

524
00:25:01,343 --> 00:25:05,720
Għaliex jekk I użu li l-loġika, u jekk jien
dejjem jistaqsi 1, huma inti fuq, huma inti fuq,

525
00:25:05,720 --> 00:25:08,970
huma inti fuq, jekk it-tweġiba hija dejjem iva,
Jien ser tibgħat 100% tat-traffiku

526
00:25:08,970 --> 00:25:11,060
lilu, 0% sa kulħadd.

527
00:25:11,060 --> 00:25:14,430
U f'xi punt, aħna qed tmur biex laqat
li tnaqqis jew is-sit ma jkunx disponibbli.

528
00:25:14,430 --> 00:25:17,630
Allura x'hemm ftit aħjar minn
imma xorta pjuttost sempliċi

529
00:25:17,630 --> 00:25:22,412
u mhux kważi bħala għaqlija bħala teħid kollha
din id-dejta addizzjonali in konsiderazzjoni?

530
00:25:22,412 --> 00:25:23,992
>> UDJENZA: Spiża għal kull server.

531
00:25:23,992 --> 00:25:25,200
DAVID Malan: Spiża għal kull server.

532
00:25:25,200 --> 00:25:28,010
OK, so let me toss li
fil-kategorija tat-tagħbija, wisq.

533
00:25:28,010 --> 00:25:30,790
Minħabba dak li inti ser issib fil
kumpannija, too-- li jekk inti

534
00:25:30,790 --> 00:25:32,790
upgrade servers tiegħek
matul iż-żmien jew jixtru aktar,

535
00:25:32,790 --> 00:25:36,242
inti tista 'ma tkun kapaċi tikseb eżattament
l-istess verżjonijiet ta 'hardware.

536
00:25:36,242 --> 00:25:37,450
Minħabba li jaqa skadut.

537
00:25:37,450 --> 00:25:38,491
Inti ma tistax tixtri hija aktar.

538
00:25:38,491 --> 00:25:39,360
Prezzijiet bidla.

539
00:25:39,360 --> 00:25:42,500
>> Allura inti jista 'jkollhom servers differenti
fil cluster tiegħek, biex ngħidu hekk.

540
00:25:42,500 --> 00:25:43,890
C'est totalment multa.

541
00:25:43,890 --> 00:25:47,100
Iżda b'hardware sena d-dieħla
jista 'jkun darbtejn aktar malajr,

542
00:25:47,100 --> 00:25:49,390
darbtejn bħala kapaċi kif din is-sena.

543
00:25:49,390 --> 00:25:51,500
Allura nistgħu toss li
fil-kategorija tat-tagħbija.

544
00:25:51,500 --> 00:25:54,260
Din il feedback loop bejn l-1,
2, u 3 fil-balancer tagħbija

545
00:25:54,260 --> 00:25:57,650
jista 'ċertament għid,
ħej, jien fuq jesa '50%.

546
00:25:57,650 --> 00:26:00,100
Iżda mill-mod, I wkoll
għandhom id-doppju qlub.

547
00:26:00,100 --> 00:26:02,319
Jużaw l-informazzjoni.

548
00:26:02,319 --> 00:26:05,110
Anki simpler-- u dan se
li tkun tema fix-xjenza tal-kompjuter.

549
00:26:05,110 --> 00:26:08,990
Meta fid-dubju, jew meta inti tixtieq sempliċi
soluzzjoni li ġeneralment taħdem tajjeb

550
00:26:08,990 --> 00:26:12,730
matul iż-żmien, ma jagħżlu l-istess
server il-ħin kollu, iżda choose--

551
00:26:12,730 --> 00:26:14,039
>> UDJENZA: A waħda każwali?

552
00:26:14,039 --> 00:26:15,330
DAVID Malan: --a server każwali.

553
00:26:15,330 --> 00:26:16,780
Yeah, jagħżlu wieħed jew l-oħra.

554
00:26:16,780 --> 00:26:21,160
Allura randomness huwa attwalment
dan l-ingredjent qawwija ħafna

555
00:26:21,160 --> 00:26:23,170
fix-xjenza tal-kompjuter,
u fl-inġinerija aktar

556
00:26:23,170 --> 00:26:27,160
Ġeneralment, speċjalment meta inti tixtieq
biex jagħmlu deċiżjoni sempliċi malajr

557
00:26:27,160 --> 00:26:30,480
mingħajr ma tikkomplika bl kollu
minn dawn ħafna għaqlija, iżda wkoll

558
00:26:30,480 --> 00:26:34,330
ħafna għaqlija, soluzzjonijiet li jirrikjedu
l-inġinerija aktar, kollha

559
00:26:34,330 --> 00:26:36,220
il-ħsieb aktar, meta
tassew, għaliex ma I

560
00:26:36,220 --> 00:26:39,200
biss it-tip ta flip munita, jew
tlieta naħat muniti f'dan il-każ,

561
00:26:39,200 --> 00:26:41,690
u jiddeċiedi jekk imorru 1, 2, 3?

562
00:26:41,690 --> 00:26:45,610
>> Li jista 'backfire probabilistically,
iżda ħafna bħall-odds

563
00:26:45,610 --> 00:26:48,860
tal flipping irjus darb'oħra u
ġdid u għal darb'oħra u għal darb'oħra

564
00:26:48,860 --> 00:26:53,870
u għal darb'oħra u għal darb'oħra huwa possibbli fil
super reality--, improbabbli super.

565
00:26:53,870 --> 00:26:58,170
Allura matul iż-żmien, odds huma
biss jibgħat utenti każwali

566
00:26:58,170 --> 00:27:00,660
għal 1, 2, u 3 se
taħdem perfettament multa.

567
00:27:00,660 --> 00:27:03,380
U dan hija teknika
ġeneralment magħrufa bħala Robin tond.

568
00:27:03,380 --> 00:27:05,160
>> Jew fil-fatt, li mhux round robin.

569
00:27:05,160 --> 00:27:06,980
Dan ikun l-approċċ każwali.

570
00:27:06,980 --> 00:27:09,250
U jekk inti tixtieq li tkun saħansitra
ftit aktar sempliċi minn dik,

571
00:27:09,250 --> 00:27:12,820
round robin tkun, minn naħa persuna tmur
għal 1, it-tieni persuna għal 2, it-tielet persuna

572
00:27:12,820 --> 00:27:16,056
sa 3, ir-raba 'persuna għal 1.

573
00:27:16,056 --> 00:27:17,430
U fih tinsab il-round robin.

574
00:27:17,430 --> 00:27:19,580
Inti biss tip ta 'jmorru madwar f'ċiklu.

575
00:27:19,580 --> 00:27:21,300
>> Issa, inti għandek tkun intelliġenti dwar dan.

576
00:27:21,300 --> 00:27:26,490
Inti m'għandekx addoċċ jibgħat lill-utent biex
servers numru wieħed, jekk dak ikun il-każ?

577
00:27:26,490 --> 00:27:30,060

578
00:27:30,060 --> 00:27:32,870
Jekk huwa fil-kapaċità max, jew
huwa biss m'għadux jirrispondu.

579
00:27:32,870 --> 00:27:35,270
Allura idealment tixtieq xi
tip ta 'feedback loop.

580
00:27:35,270 --> 00:27:38,040
Inkella, inti biss tibgħat kull
ta 'utenti tiegħek għal tmiem mejta.

581
00:27:38,040 --> 00:27:40,790
Iżda dan jista 'jittieħed in kunsiderazzjoni, wisq.

582
00:27:40,790 --> 00:27:46,520
>> Allura ma taħt japprezzaw il-valur ta '
biss randomness, li huwa spiss

583
00:27:46,520 --> 00:27:48,970
soluzzjoni għal dawn it-tipi ta 'problemi.

584
00:27:48,970 --> 00:27:51,580
U aħna ser jikteb round robin.

585
00:27:51,580 --> 00:27:55,090
Allura kif do xi kumpaniji jimplimentaw
Robin tond jew randomness

586
00:27:55,090 --> 00:27:56,840
jew xi waħda minn dawn id-deċiżjonijiet?

587
00:27:56,840 --> 00:28:01,840
Ukoll sfortunatament, dawn
tagħmel affarijiet bħal dan.

588
00:28:01,840 --> 00:28:03,660
Let me pull up screenshot ieħor malajr.

589
00:28:03,660 --> 00:28:13,052

590
00:28:13,052 --> 00:28:14,470
>> Attwalment, ejja do tnejn.

591
00:28:14,470 --> 00:28:17,420

592
00:28:17,420 --> 00:28:21,370
I do not know għaliex aħna qed
jkollna kollha ta 'dawn il-platti.

593
00:28:21,370 --> 00:28:22,280
C'est stramba ħafna.

594
00:28:22,280 --> 00:28:31,714

595
00:28:31,714 --> 00:28:33,630
Kull dritt, dak I really
trid huwa screenshot.

596
00:28:33,630 --> 00:28:36,990

597
00:28:36,990 --> 00:28:40,100
Dan huwa stramb.

598
00:28:40,100 --> 00:28:42,930
Kull dritt, hekk nista 'spoof dan il.

599
00:28:42,930 --> 00:28:46,080
I do not know kemm aktar il-bogħod
Irrid li żżomm scrolling.

600
00:28:46,080 --> 00:28:53,220
>> Allura komuni ħafna, inti ser issib ruħek
f'indirizz simili www.2.acme.com,

601
00:28:53,220 --> 00:28:56,030
forsi www.3 jew 4 jew 5.

602
00:28:56,030 --> 00:28:57,424
U żżomm għajnejk għal dan.

603
00:28:57,424 --> 00:28:58,590
Inti ma tara dan li spiss.

604
00:28:58,590 --> 00:29:02,621
Imma meta inti tagħmel, dan it-tip ta 'tendenza li
jkun akbar, anzjani, il-kumpaniji stodgier

605
00:29:02,621 --> 00:29:05,370
li teknoloġikament ma verament
jidhru li jafu dak li qed isir.

606
00:29:05,370 --> 00:29:08,150
U inti tara dan fuq kumpaniji tat-teknoloġija
kultant, dawk l-anzjani.

607
00:29:08,150 --> 00:29:09,270
>> Allura liema huma jagħmlu?

608
00:29:09,270 --> 00:29:11,890
Kif huma implimentattivi
ibbilanċjar tat-tagħbija, ikun jidher?

609
00:29:11,890 --> 00:29:15,986
Jekk issib ruħek bħala l-
ittajpjar utent www.something.com,

610
00:29:15,986 --> 00:29:19,760
u f'daqqa waħda int fuq
www.2.something.com,

611
00:29:19,760 --> 00:29:21,866
dak li tagħbija tagħhom
balancer probabbilment isir?

612
00:29:21,866 --> 00:29:22,741
UDJENZA: [inaudible]

613
00:29:22,741 --> 00:29:28,210

614
00:29:28,210 --> 00:29:31,079
>> DAVID Malan: Yeah, hekk il-
balancer tagħbija huwa preżumibbilment

615
00:29:31,079 --> 00:29:33,870
teħid ta 'deċiżjoni bbażata fuq waħda mill
dawn teħid processes-- deċiżjoni

616
00:29:33,870 --> 00:29:35,210
ma verament kwistjoni liema.

617
00:29:35,210 --> 00:29:38,650
Imma ferm simili stajt miġbuda l
numri fuq il-bord hawn,

618
00:29:38,650 --> 00:29:40,650
-servers huma mhux biss
imsejħa 1, 2, u 3.

619
00:29:40,650 --> 00:29:43,870
Huma qed probabbilment imsejħa
www1, www2, www3.

620
00:29:43,870 --> 00:29:47,200
U jirriżulta li ġewwa tal
talba HTTP hija din il-karatteristika.

621
00:29:47,200 --> 00:29:48,950
U jien ser
jissimulaw dan bħala ġej.

622
00:29:48,950 --> 00:29:53,230
>> Jien ser jiftħu l-istess
tab netwerk iżviluppatur bħal qabel biss

623
00:29:53,230 --> 00:29:55,560
hekk nistgħu naraw x'inhu għaddej
fuq taħt il-barnuża.

624
00:29:55,560 --> 00:29:57,130
Jien ser ċar l-iskrin.

625
00:29:57,130 --> 00:30:03,420
U jien ser tmur, ejja
jgħidu, http://harvard.edu.

626
00:30:03,420 --> 00:30:06,560
Issa għal kwalunkwe
raġunijiet ta 'negozju, Harvard

627
00:30:06,560 --> 00:30:08,930
iddeċieda, bħal ħafna,
websajts oħra ħafna,

628
00:30:08,930 --> 00:30:12,712
jiġu standardizzati tagħha
websajt fuq www.harvard.edu

629
00:30:12,712 --> 00:30:14,420
kemm tekniku
u r-raġunijiet ta 'kummerċjalizzazzjoni.

630
00:30:14,420 --> 00:30:16,326
Huwa biss tip ta 'fil
Vogue li jkollhom l-www.

631
00:30:16,326 --> 00:30:20,500
>> Allura l-server fil-Harvard għandha
li b'xi mod idawwru l-utent,

632
00:30:20,500 --> 00:30:23,830
kif I iżommu qal, mill-
wieħed URL għall-ieħor.

633
00:30:23,830 --> 00:30:24,670
Kif ma li jaħdem?

634
00:30:24,670 --> 00:30:26,740
Well, let me imorru quddiem u hit Ikteb.

635
00:30:26,740 --> 00:30:30,830
U tinnota l-URL tabilħaqq malajr
mibdula għal www.harvard.edu.

636
00:30:30,830 --> 00:30:35,560
Let me iscroll lura f'dan il-
istorja u kklikkja fuq din debug

637
00:30:35,560 --> 00:30:37,650
informazzjoni djanjostika, jekk inti se.

638
00:30:37,650 --> 00:30:39,170
Let me ħarsa fuq talba tiegħi.

639
00:30:39,170 --> 00:30:41,020
>> Allura hawnhekk-talba I magħmula.

640
00:30:41,020 --> 00:30:44,870
U avviż huwa konsistenti mal-tip
tal jitolbu I magħmula mill Facebook qabel.

641
00:30:44,870 --> 00:30:48,010
Iżda avviż-rispons.

642
00:30:48,010 --> 00:30:50,430
X'hemm differenti fl
-rispons din id-darba?

643
00:30:50,430 --> 00:30:51,890
>> UDJENZA: [inaudible]

644
00:30:51,890 --> 00:30:54,290
>> DAVID Malan: Yeah, dan mhuwiex ta '200 OK.

645
00:30:54,290 --> 00:30:56,130
Mhuwiex 404 Not Found.

646
00:30:56,130 --> 00:31:00,150
Huwa 301 Ittrasferit permanenti, li
huwa tip ta 'mod umoristiċi ta' tgħid,

647
00:31:00,150 --> 00:31:05,270
Harvard tkun upped u mċaqalqa
x'imkien ieħor biex www.harvard.edu.

648
00:31:05,270 --> 00:31:08,220
Il 301 ifisser li
dan huwa direzzjoni ġdida.

649
00:31:08,220 --> 00:31:12,812
U fejn għandhom l-utent
apparentament jiġu dirottati?

650
00:31:12,812 --> 00:31:15,520
Hemm xi tidbit addizzjonali ta '
informazzjoni minn ġewwa dak il-pakkett.

651
00:31:15,520 --> 00:31:19,650
U kull wieħed dawn il-linji se issa
tibda sejħa header HTTP.

652
00:31:19,650 --> 00:31:23,620
Header huwa biss valur ewlieni
pair-- xi ħaġa kolon xi ħaġa.

653
00:31:23,620 --> 00:31:24,850
Huwa biċċa informazzjoni.

654
00:31:24,850 --> 00:31:27,131
Fejn għandu l-ġdida
post apparentament tkun?

655
00:31:27,131 --> 00:31:31,120

656
00:31:31,120 --> 00:31:33,692
Avviż tal-aħħar linja
fost dawk headers kollha.

657
00:31:33,692 --> 00:31:34,940
>> UDJENZA: [inaudible]

658
00:31:34,940 --> 00:31:37,148
>> DAVID Malan: Yeah, b'hekk m'hemm l-
Informazzjoni addizzjonali.

659
00:31:37,148 --> 00:31:40,120
L-ewwel linja li stajt enfasizzat
jgħid 301 Ittrasferit permanenti.

660
00:31:40,120 --> 00:31:42,820
Ukoll, meta jara li jiġi mċaqlaq?

661
00:31:42,820 --> 00:31:45,340
L-aħħar line-- u dawn ma
għandhom ikunu fil din l-ordni.

662
00:31:45,340 --> 00:31:47,020
Jista 'jkun każwali.

663
00:31:47,020 --> 00:31:52,120
kolon lokazzjoni ifisser, ħej
browser, mur dan il-URL minflok.

664
00:31:52,120 --> 00:31:55,180
>> Allura browsers jifhmu HTTP redirects.

665
00:31:55,180 --> 00:31:57,540
U dan huwa ħafna, ħafna
Mod komuni ta 'bouncing

666
00:31:57,540 --> 00:31:59,680
l-utent minn post għall-ieħor.

667
00:31:59,680 --> 00:32:02,660
Per eżempju, jekk inti stajt qatt ppruvaw
biex iżuru websajt li int mhux

668
00:32:02,660 --> 00:32:06,360
logged in, inti tista 'f'daqqa waħda ssib
lilek innifsek URL ġdid għal kollox qed

669
00:32:06,360 --> 00:32:07,530
imħeġġa li log fil.

670
00:32:07,530 --> 00:32:08,400
>> Kif ma li jaħdem?

671
00:32:08,400 --> 00:32:10,920
Il-server huwa probabbilment tibgħat 301.

672
00:32:10,920 --> 00:32:14,510
Hemm ukoll numri oħra, bħall
302, kemmxejn differenti fit-tifsira,

673
00:32:14,510 --> 00:32:16,490
li inti tibgħat lill URL ieħor.

674
00:32:16,490 --> 00:32:18,770
U allura l-server,
ladarba inti ħadthom logged in,

675
00:32:18,770 --> 00:32:22,000
inti se tibgħat lura lejn fejn
inti fil-fatt maħsub.

676
00:32:22,000 --> 00:32:27,700
>> Allura dak, allura, huma ma tantx
websajts inġinerija tagħmel?

677
00:32:27,700 --> 00:32:31,340
Meta inti żżur
www.acme.com, u huma biss

678
00:32:31,340 --> 00:32:35,490
jiġri li ikunu semmew servers tagħhom
www1, www2, www3, u oħrajn,

679
00:32:35,490 --> 00:32:39,100
huma simply-- ħafna
li tkun ġusta, iżda ħafna

680
00:32:39,100 --> 00:32:46,080
tip ta 'foolishly-- ridirezzjonar inti
server attwalment differenti jismu.

681
00:32:46,080 --> 00:32:48,650
U taħdem perfettament multa.

682
00:32:48,650 --> 00:32:49,930
Huwa sabiħ u faċli.

683
00:32:49,930 --> 00:32:52,200
>> Rajna kif ikun
isir taħt il-barnuża

684
00:32:52,200 --> 00:32:53,490
fil-pakkett virtwali.

685
00:32:53,490 --> 00:32:56,450
Iżda għaliex hija din probabbilment l-
deċiżjoni ħażina inġinerija?

686
00:32:56,450 --> 00:33:00,345
U għaliex jien tip ta 'condescending
lejn dan il-inġinerija partikolari

687
00:33:00,345 --> 00:33:00,845
approċċ?

688
00:33:00,845 --> 00:33:06,420

689
00:33:06,420 --> 00:33:07,850
Jargumentaw għaliex dan huwa ħażin.

690
00:33:07,850 --> 00:33:09,375
Ben?

691
00:33:09,375 --> 00:33:10,250
UDJENZA: [inaudible]

692
00:33:10,250 --> 00:33:12,864

693
00:33:12,864 --> 00:33:16,030
DAVID Malan: Kull server ikollu
jkollhom kopja duplikata tal-websajt.

694
00:33:16,030 --> 00:33:16,738
Jien OK ma 'dak.

695
00:33:16,738 --> 00:33:19,490
U fil-fatt, dan huwa dak li jien
jekk jitqies għal din l-istorja kollha,

696
00:33:19,490 --> 00:33:22,104
peress li jekk aħna wanted-- sew
fil-fatt, ħlief għal Dan iktar kmieni

697
00:33:22,104 --> 00:33:25,270
suġġeriment, fejn jekk għandek differenti
servers nagħmlu l-affarijiet differenti, allura

698
00:33:25,270 --> 00:33:27,740
forsi dawn jista 'attwalment jiġi
funzjonalment nagħmlu l-affarijiet differenti.

699
00:33:27,740 --> 00:33:30,698
>> Iżda anke dakinhar, f'xi punt, tiegħek
database se tikseb mgħobbijin.

700
00:33:30,698 --> 00:33:33,030
Assi statiku tiegħek server
hija se tikseb mgħobbijin.

701
00:33:33,030 --> 00:33:34,850
Allura f'xi punt, aħna qed
lura lejn din l-istorja, fejn aħna

702
00:33:34,850 --> 00:33:36,475
jeħtieġu kopji multipli ta 'l-istess ħaġa.

703
00:33:36,475 --> 00:33:37,395
Hekk jien OK ma 'dak.

704
00:33:37,395 --> 00:33:38,270
UDJENZA: [inaudible]

705
00:33:38,270 --> 00:33:42,340

706
00:33:42,340 --> 00:33:45,350
>> DAVID Malan: OK, hekk xi paġni
jista 'jkun sproporzjonat popolari.

707
00:33:45,350 --> 00:33:50,460
U hekk fixating fuq l-indirizz waħda
mhuwiex neċessarjament l-aħjar ħaġa.

708
00:33:50,460 --> 00:33:51,110
[Inaudible]?

709
00:33:51,110 --> 00:33:51,985
>> UDJENZA: [inaudible]

710
00:33:51,985 --> 00:33:54,770

711
00:33:54,770 --> 00:33:57,623
>> DAVID Malan: X'tifhem minn dak?

712
00:33:57,623 --> 00:33:58,498
UDJENZA: [inaudible]

713
00:33:58,498 --> 00:34:03,820

714
00:34:03,820 --> 00:34:05,072
>> DAVID Malan: Yeah, eżattament.

715
00:34:05,072 --> 00:34:07,280
Allura inti ma tridx li
neċessarjament have-- inti żgur

716
00:34:07,280 --> 00:34:11,370
ma jridux li jkollhom l-utenti tiegħek
manwalment ittajpjar fid www1 jew www2.

717
00:34:11,370 --> 00:34:14,550
Minn perspettiva branding, huwa
biss jistenna ftit redikoli.

718
00:34:14,550 --> 00:34:17,340
Jekk inti biss trid tip ta '
nadif, l-esperjenza eleganti,

719
00:34:17,340 --> 00:34:20,364
wara dawn it-tip ta 'saltwarjament
URLs numerati huwa verament mhux tajba.

720
00:34:20,364 --> 00:34:22,780
Għaliex imbagħad utenti huma żgur
ser kopja u paste minnhom

721
00:34:22,780 --> 00:34:24,449
fis-emails jew messaġġi instantanji.

722
00:34:24,449 --> 00:34:25,659
>> Issa dawn qed propagazzjoni.

723
00:34:25,659 --> 00:34:28,600
Issa int tip ta 'konfużjoni tiegħek
inqas udjenza teknika, li jaħseb

724
00:34:28,600 --> 00:34:32,239
indirizz tal-web tiegħek hija www2.something.com.

725
00:34:32,239 --> 00:34:35,434
M'hemm l-ebda semantika konvinċenti għal dan.

726
00:34:35,434 --> 00:34:38,100
Hija biss jiġri li jkun sottostanti
dettall tekniku li inti stajt

727
00:34:38,100 --> 00:34:40,190
numerati servers tiegħek b'dan il-mod.

728
00:34:40,190 --> 00:34:45,760
>> U agħar għadu, dak li jekk, per eżempju,
forsi madwar żmien il-Milied meta

729
00:34:45,760 --> 00:34:50,090
negozju hu verament jisplodu,
inti ħadthom ltqajna www1 permezz www99,

730
00:34:50,090 --> 00:34:53,530
iżda f'Jannar u Frar u
onward, inti itfi nofs dawk

731
00:34:53,530 --> 00:34:56,440
sabiex inti biss għandek www1 permezz www50?

732
00:34:56,440 --> 00:35:01,963
X'hemm-implikazzjoni issa għal dak
deċiżjoni kummerċjali raġonevoli ħafna?

733
00:35:01,963 --> 00:35:02,838
UDJENZA: [inaudible]

734
00:35:02,838 --> 00:35:05,628

735
00:35:05,628 --> 00:35:07,752
DAVID Malan: Ikollok bżonn li
jimmaniġġjaw kollha ta 'dawk li għadhom.

736
00:35:07,752 --> 00:35:10,515
UDJENZA: [inaudible]

737
00:35:10,515 --> 00:35:11,390
DAVID Malan: Eżattament.

738
00:35:11,390 --> 00:35:12,681
Dik hija tip tal-qabda hemmhekk.

739
00:35:12,681 --> 00:35:16,800
Jekk il-klijenti tiegħek huma fil-drawwa ta '
bookmarking affarijiet, email lilhom, biss

740
00:35:16,800 --> 00:35:19,351
iffrankar l-URL x'imkien, jew
jekk huwa biss fil-karozzi tagħhom

741
00:35:19,351 --> 00:35:22,350
ilestu fil-browser tagħhom allura jkunu
mhux verament intenzjonalment ittajpjar,

742
00:35:22,350 --> 00:35:25,560
huwa biss jiġri, huma jistgħu,
għal 11-il xahar mill-sena

743
00:35:25,560 --> 00:35:27,190
effettivament, jilħqu tmiem mejta.

744
00:35:27,190 --> 00:35:30,100
U biss l-aktar astute ta
utenti se realizzata,

745
00:35:30,100 --> 00:35:32,040
forsi I għandhom manwalment
neħħi dan in-numru.

746
00:35:32,040 --> 00:35:35,610
I mean, huwa biss ma jiġri
ma 'ħafna utenti, hekk ħżiena għan-negozju,

747
00:35:35,610 --> 00:35:37,750
inġinerija implimentazzjoni ħażina għaqli.

748
00:35:37,750 --> 00:35:40,230
>> Allura Thankfully, mhuwiex anki neċessarju.

749
00:35:40,230 --> 00:35:43,120
Jirriżulta li dak
balancers tagħbija tista 'tagħmel

750
00:35:43,120 --> 00:35:48,130
huwa minflok ta 'tgħid, meta A
jagħmel request-- ħej A, mur 1.

751
00:35:48,130 --> 00:35:50,280
Fi kliem ieħor, minflok
ta 'jibgħat dik direzzjoni ġdida

752
00:35:50,280 --> 00:35:53,540
b'tali mod li wieħed pass f'din id-
proċess huwa l-go hawn,

753
00:35:53,540 --> 00:35:55,280
huwa mbagħad qal li jmorru x'imkien ieħor.

754
00:35:55,280 --> 00:35:57,530
U għalhekk pass tliet huwa, imur x'imkien ieħor.

755
00:35:57,530 --> 00:36:04,600
>> Tista minflok tibqa 'rotta, sabiex
tkompli tuża dan il-kunċett, kollha tad-data A tal

756
00:36:04,600 --> 00:36:10,590
permezz tal-balancer tagħbija sabiex hu
qatt kuntatti 1, 2, jew 3 direttament.

757
00:36:10,590 --> 00:36:15,150
Kollha tat-traffiku ma jiksbu "mwassla"
billi t-tagħbija Balancer innifsu.

758
00:36:15,150 --> 00:36:17,524
U hekk issa aħna qed tip ta '
deliberatament ċajpir-linji

759
00:36:17,524 --> 00:36:18,690
fost dawn il-mezzi varji.

760
00:36:18,690 --> 00:36:20,930
A balancer tagħbija tista 'data rotta.

761
00:36:20,930 --> 00:36:22,435
Huwa biss funzjoni li għandha.

762
00:36:22,435 --> 00:36:25,420
>> Allura balancer tagħbija, wisq, huwa
biċċa ta 'softwer, verament.

763
00:36:25,420 --> 00:36:27,130
U router hija biċċa ta 'softwer.

764
00:36:27,130 --> 00:36:29,660
U inti tista 'assolutament ma
żewġ biċċiet ta 'softwer ġewwa

765
00:36:29,660 --> 00:36:34,000
tal-kompjuter fiżiku wieħed sabiex tagħbija
balancer tista 'tagħmel dawn l-affarijiet multipli.

766
00:36:34,000 --> 00:36:36,130
>> Allura hemm mod wieħed ieħor
biex jagħmlu dan, li attwalment

767
00:36:36,130 --> 00:36:39,670
tmur lura għall tip ta 'l-ewwel prinċipji
ta DNS, li tkellimna dwar

768
00:36:39,670 --> 00:36:40,230
qabel pawża.

769
00:36:40,230 --> 00:36:41,634
DNS kien Isem ta 'Dominju Sistema.

770
00:36:41,634 --> 00:36:43,550
Ftakar li inti tista '
staqsi server DNS, x'hemm

771
00:36:43,550 --> 00:36:46,460
-indirizz IP ta '
google.com, facebook.com?

772
00:36:46,460 --> 00:36:48,250
>> U nistgħu ngħidu jagħmlu dan.

773
00:36:48,250 --> 00:36:51,940
Għodda aħna ma użatx aktar kmieni huwa
wieħed li jinsab biss bħala aċċessibbli,

774
00:36:51,940 --> 00:36:55,510
sejjaħ NSLOOKUP, għal Lookup server isem.

775
00:36:55,510 --> 00:36:57,410
U jien biss ser tip facebook.com.

776
00:36:57,410 --> 00:37:02,500
U nara li PI Facebook
indirizz huwa apparentement dan il.

777
00:37:02,500 --> 00:37:05,520
Let me imorru quddiem u kopja
li, mur browser,

778
00:37:05,520 --> 00:37:11,690
u mur http: // u li
indirizz IP u hit Ikteb.

779
00:37:11,690 --> 00:37:14,140
U żgur biżżejjed, jidher li jaħdem.

780
00:37:14,140 --> 00:37:18,610
>> Issa ħidma lura, dak li kien
ġewwa tal-pakkett virtwali

781
00:37:18,610 --> 00:37:25,454
li Facebook rrisponda meta
I miżjura li PI indirizzati direttament?

782
00:37:25,454 --> 00:37:26,745
Minħabba avviż, fejn jien issa?

783
00:37:26,745 --> 00:37:29,250

784
00:37:29,250 --> 00:37:32,484
Fejn am I issa,-indirizz?

785
00:37:32,484 --> 00:37:33,450
>> UDJENZA: [inaudible]

786
00:37:33,450 --> 00:37:36,116
>> DAVID Malan: Fil-verżjoni sigura,
u fl-www.facebook.com.

787
00:37:36,116 --> 00:37:38,520
Allura huwa lanqas biss
-indirizz IP sigur.

788
00:37:38,520 --> 00:37:42,650
Facebook ħadet għandu s-saħħa
ngħid, dan huwa ħaġa redikola.

789
00:37:42,650 --> 00:37:45,710
Aħna mhux ser iżommok f'dan
ikrah tfittex URL li l numerika.

790
00:37:45,710 --> 00:37:50,120
Aħna ser inti tibgħat HTTP
idawru permezz ta 'dak l-istess intestatura tal

791
00:37:50,120 --> 00:37:53,010
li rajna before--
post xi ħaġa kolon.

792
00:37:53,010 --> 00:37:56,340
>> U għalhekk dan sempliċiment ifisser li taħtha
il-barnuża għadu dan l-indirizz IP.

793
00:37:56,340 --> 00:37:59,010
Kull kompjuter fuq l-internet
għandu l-indirizz IP, jidher.

794
00:37:59,010 --> 00:38:01,480
Imma inti ma neċessarjament ikollhom
biex jesponu li l-utent.

795
00:38:01,480 --> 00:38:07,190
U ħafna bħall lura fil-ġurnata, hemm
kien 1-800-Iġbor, 1-800-C-O L-L-E-C-T,

796
00:38:07,190 --> 00:38:11,700
fl-Istati Uniti, kien mod ta 'kif issir jiġbru
jitlob permezz ta 'telefon faċilment memorabbli

797
00:38:11,700 --> 00:38:17,140
numru, jew 1-800-saqqu biex jixtru sodda,
u mnemonics simili li inti anki tara

798
00:38:17,140 --> 00:38:20,460
fuq it-telefon tip ta tip ta
xorta, li l-ittri map għal numri.

799
00:38:20,460 --> 00:38:21,470
>> Issa, għaliex huwa li?

800
00:38:21,470 --> 00:38:26,080
Ukoll, huwa ħafna aktar faċli li jimmemorizza
1-800-saqqu jew 1-800-Iġbor minflok

801
00:38:26,080 --> 00:38:29,100
tal 1-800 ħaġa ħaġa ħaġa
xi ħaġa ħaġa ħaġa

802
00:38:29,100 --> 00:38:31,030
xi ħaġa, fejn kull
minn dawn huwa ċifra.

803
00:38:31,030 --> 00:38:34,390
Bl-istess mod, id-dinja tgħallmu
malajr li aħna m'għandhomx

804
00:38:34,390 --> 00:38:35,940
nies jimmemorizza indirizzi IP.

805
00:38:35,940 --> 00:38:36,826
Dan ikun iblah.

806
00:38:36,826 --> 00:38:38,200
Aħna qed tmur biex jużaw ismijiet minflok.

807
00:38:38,200 --> 00:38:40,420
U hu għalhekk li DNS twieled.

808
00:38:40,420 --> 00:38:45,510
>> Kull dritt, hekk ma 'dak imsemmi, f'termini
ta ibbilanċjar tat-tagħbija, ejja ipprova yahoo.com.

809
00:38:45,510 --> 00:38:47,030
Ukoll, li interessanti.

810
00:38:47,030 --> 00:38:51,464
Yahoo jidher li jirritorna tliet IPs.

811
00:38:51,464 --> 00:38:53,940
Allura dedott minn dan,
jekk inti tista ', dak li huwa

812
00:38:53,940 --> 00:38:58,600
Mod ieħor li nistgħu jimplimentaw
dan il-kunċett ta 'l-ibbilanċjar tat-tagħbija

813
00:38:58,600 --> 00:39:04,310
forsi anki mingħajr użu ta 'fiżika
apparat, dan it-tagħmir fiżiku ġdid?

814
00:39:04,310 --> 00:39:08,070
>> Fi kliem ieħor, nista 'tieħu l bogħod l-
finanzjament għandek għall-balancer tagħbija

815
00:39:08,070 --> 00:39:10,990
u jgħidlek biex tuża xi eżistenti
biċċa ta 'hardware li jimplimentaw

816
00:39:10,990 --> 00:39:12,680
dan il-kunċett ta 'l-ibbilanċjar tat-tagħbija?

817
00:39:12,680 --> 00:39:18,870

818
00:39:18,870 --> 00:39:22,510
U l-spoiler huwa,
iva, imma dak, jew kif?

819
00:39:22,510 --> 00:39:27,605
X'inhi Yahoo forsi tagħmel hawn?

820
00:39:27,605 --> 00:39:29,200
Kareem?

821
00:39:29,200 --> 00:39:30,635
OK, Chris?

822
00:39:30,635 --> 00:39:31,510
UDJENZA: [inaudible]

823
00:39:31,510 --> 00:39:35,119

824
00:39:35,119 --> 00:39:36,910
DAVID Malan: Yeah, Kollha
tlieta minn dawk tax-xogħol.

825
00:39:36,910 --> 00:39:39,890
Allura randomness, round robin,
location-- inti tista 'sempliċement

826
00:39:39,890 --> 00:39:44,160
lieva biċċa eżistenti tal-puzzle
li tkellimna dwar preċedenti tal-DNS

827
00:39:44,160 --> 00:39:49,580
sistema u sempliċement jgħidu, meta l-ewwel
utent tal-ġurnata jitlob yahoo.com,

828
00:39:49,580 --> 00:39:52,970
jagħtihom l-ewwel indirizz IP,
bħal dak li jintemm f'45 up hemm.

829
00:39:52,970 --> 00:39:55,762
U l-ħin li jmiss xi talbiet utent
-indirizz IP ta 'yahoo.com

830
00:39:55,762 --> 00:39:57,970
minn x'imkien fid-dinja,
jagħtuhom it-tieni PI,

831
00:39:57,970 --> 00:39:59,920
allura l-tielet PI, allura l-
ewwel PI, imbagħad it-tieni.

832
00:39:59,920 --> 00:40:01,850
Jew tkun intelliġenti dwar dan
u tagħmel dan grafikament.

833
00:40:01,850 --> 00:40:05,200
Jew dan saltwarjament u mhux biss tagħmel
dan tond Robin b'dan il-mod.

834
00:40:05,200 --> 00:40:07,580
>> U f'dan il-każ, allura
aħna lanqas biss bżonn

835
00:40:07,580 --> 00:40:10,190
biex jintroduċu dan iswed
kaxxa fis-istampa tagħna.

836
00:40:10,190 --> 00:40:11,690
M'għandniex bżonn ta 'strument ġdid.

837
00:40:11,690 --> 00:40:16,930
Aħna sempliċiment javżak kompjuters
biex tmur fil-servers direttament,

838
00:40:16,930 --> 00:40:18,680
b'mod effettiv, iżda mhux
permezz ta 'isimhom.

839
00:40:18,680 --> 00:40:20,054
Huma qatt ma jeħtieġ li tkun taf l-isem.

840
00:40:20,054 --> 00:40:25,690
Huma qed biss jghidulek li yahoo.com
mapep għal kull waħda minn dawn l-indirizzi IP.

841
00:40:25,690 --> 00:40:28,180
>> Allura tibgħat l-istess talba eżatt.

842
00:40:28,180 --> 00:40:30,100
Imma fuq il-barra tal
l-envelop, hija sempliċement

843
00:40:30,100 --> 00:40:32,740
tpoġġi l-PI li ġiet informata dwar.

844
00:40:32,740 --> 00:40:35,590
U b'dan il-mod, wisq, tista
aħna tagħbija bilanċ it-talbiet

845
00:40:35,590 --> 00:40:39,330
bi ftit jibgħat l-envelop għal
differenti wieħed mill-servers Yahoo stess?

846
00:40:39,330 --> 00:40:42,390
>> U jekk inżommu tħaffir, aħna ser tara
probabbilment kumpaniji oħra b'aktar.

847
00:40:42,390 --> 00:40:44,380
CNN żewġ esposta pubblikament.

848
00:40:44,380 --> 00:40:49,610
Għalkemm fil-fatt jekk nagħmlu dan jerġa
u again-- cnn.com-- tista 'tara

849
00:40:49,610 --> 00:40:51,730
dawn qed jinbidlu ordni, fil-fatt.

850
00:40:51,730 --> 00:40:56,680
Allura dak li mekkaniżmu huwa
CNN bl-użu, apparentement?

851
00:40:56,680 --> 00:40:57,440
>> UDJENZA: Random.

852
00:40:57,440 --> 00:40:59,440
DAVID Malan: Ukoll, huwa
jista 'jkun bl-addoċċ, għalkemm

853
00:40:59,440 --> 00:41:01,110
jidher li jkun iċ-ċikliżmu u lura.

854
00:41:01,110 --> 00:41:04,380
Allura huwa probabbilment round robin fejn
dawn qed biss jaqilbu l-ordni hekk

855
00:41:04,380 --> 00:41:05,880
li jien ser probabbilment jieħu l-ewwel.

856
00:41:05,880 --> 00:41:08,860
My kompjuter se jieħu
-ewwel kull darba.

857
00:41:08,860 --> 00:41:10,490
Allura dak ibbilanċjar tat-tagħbija.

858
00:41:10,490 --> 00:41:18,450
U li jippermetti, fl-aħħar nett,
jikklassifikaw id-dejta, jew talbiet mappa,

859
00:41:18,450 --> 00:41:21,240
madwar servers multipli.

860
00:41:21,240 --> 00:41:24,226
Allura liema tipi ta '
problemi issa għadhom jeżistu?

861
00:41:24,226 --> 00:41:26,350
Hija tħoss bħal aħna biss verament
solvuta problema tajba.

862
00:41:26,350 --> 00:41:28,740
Sirna utenti għal servers differenti.

863
00:41:28,740 --> 00:41:31,420
But-- oh, u Chris, ma
Għandek xi mistoqsija qabel?

864
00:41:31,420 --> 00:41:34,378
>> UDJENZA: [inaudible]

865
00:41:34,378 --> 00:41:43,670

866
00:41:43,670 --> 00:41:45,120
>> DAVID Malan: Totalment jiddependi.

867
00:41:45,120 --> 00:41:47,042
Allura dak li qed jiġri hawn?

868
00:41:47,042 --> 00:41:48,250
U nistgħu ngħidu tara dan.

869
00:41:48,250 --> 00:41:51,649
Mela ejja jippruvaw Yahoo.

870
00:41:51,649 --> 00:41:52,940
Attwalment, ejja mur Facebook.

871
00:41:52,940 --> 00:41:54,520
Għaliex aħna nafu li wieħed jaħdem.

872
00:41:54,520 --> 00:41:56,545
Hekk jien ser kopja
dak l-indirizz IP mill-ġdid.

873
00:41:56,545 --> 00:41:58,820
Jien ser jagħlaq dawn tabs kollha.

874
00:41:58,820 --> 00:42:03,800
Jien se jmorru miftuħ li
tab speċjali netwerk stabbiliti hawn.

875
00:42:03,800 --> 00:42:07,800
U jien ser iżuru biss http: //.

876
00:42:07,800 --> 00:42:10,694
U issa jien ser hit Ikteb.

877
00:42:10,694 --> 00:42:11,860
U ejja ara dak li ġara.

878
00:42:11,860 --> 00:42:20,662
>> Jekk I ħarsa lejn din it-talba, notifika
li Facebook my-- huwa eżempju ħażin.

879
00:42:20,662 --> 00:42:22,370
Minħabba li għandhom
teknika super fancy

880
00:42:22,370 --> 00:42:25,960
li l-ġlud li dettall minna.

881
00:42:25,960 --> 00:42:30,690
Let me użu Yahoo
instead-- http: // dik PI.

882
00:42:30,690 --> 00:42:36,030
Ejja miftuħa netwerk tagħna
tab, jippreservaw log.

883
00:42:36,030 --> 00:42:37,945
U here we go, Ikteb.

884
00:42:37,945 --> 00:42:40,669

885
00:42:40,669 --> 00:42:41,210
Li umoristiċi.

886
00:42:41,210 --> 00:42:44,480
OK, hekk hawn huwa l-famed 404 messaġġ.

887
00:42:44,480 --> 00:42:48,500
X'hemm umoristiċi hawnhekk huwa li dawn
probabbilment qatt mhu se jkun lura.

888
00:42:48,500 --> 00:42:51,430
Minħabba li hemm probabbilment
mhux xi ħaġa ħażina per se.

889
00:42:51,430 --> 00:42:54,050
Huma għandhom biss deliberatament
iddeċieda li ma jappoġġjawx

890
00:42:54,050 --> 00:42:56,250
-forma numerika bl-indirizz tagħhom.

891
00:42:56,250 --> 00:43:00,270
>> Allura dak li aħna qed attwalment tara fil-
tab Netwerk, jekk I pull dan up hawn,

892
00:43:00,270 --> 00:43:06,140
huwa, kif ngħid jien, il-famed 404, fejn
jekk I ħarsa lejn l-intestaturi ta 'rispons,

893
00:43:06,140 --> 00:43:09,070
dan huwa dak li sibt here-- 404 Not Found.

894
00:43:09,070 --> 00:43:11,360
Mela ejja jippruvaw ieħor.

895
00:43:11,360 --> 00:43:13,180
Ejja naraw jekk CNN tikkoopera magħna.

896
00:43:13,180 --> 00:43:19,440
I ser grab f'wieħed mill-indirizzi IP CNN,
tagħti permess għal din http Dah, Dah, Dah, Dah.

897
00:43:19,440 --> 00:43:21,620
Allura Bi tweġiba għall Chris
mistoqsija, li wieħed maħduma.

898
00:43:21,620 --> 00:43:24,140

899
00:43:24,140 --> 00:43:26,255
>> U ejja mur headers rispons.

900
00:43:26,255 --> 00:43:30,810

901
00:43:30,810 --> 00:43:33,640
Attwalment ebda, id-dritt, I am
jitħabtu biex isibu eżempju tax-xogħol.

902
00:43:33,640 --> 00:43:38,270
Allura CNN iddeċieda, aħna ser biss tħallik
fi kwalunkwe indirizz inti fil-fatt żjara,

903
00:43:38,270 --> 00:43:40,359
Kwistjonijiet branding twarrib.

904
00:43:40,359 --> 00:43:43,275
Imma dak ma jkunx jiġri, jekk
nistgħu naraw dan fil-każ Facebook,

905
00:43:43,275 --> 00:43:46,700
huwa aħna se tikseb 301 Ittrasferit
B'mod permanenti, x'aktarx,

906
00:43:46,700 --> 00:43:54,420
ġewwa tiegħu huwa
lokazzjoni: https: //www.facebook.com.

907
00:43:54,420 --> 00:44:01,210
U odds huma www.facebook.com huwa
alias għall-istess server eżatt aħna biss

908
00:44:01,210 --> 00:44:01,710
marru għall.

909
00:44:01,710 --> 00:44:03,500
>> Allura huwa kontroproduttiv ftit.

910
00:44:03,500 --> 00:44:05,170
Aħna qed litteralment iżuru l-server.

911
00:44:05,170 --> 00:44:07,040
Il-server huwa mbagħad tgħidilna, imorru.

912
00:44:07,040 --> 00:44:08,320
Mur għal dan indirizz ieħor.

913
00:44:08,320 --> 00:44:10,870
Iżda aħna biss hekk jiġri li jkun
tmur lura għal dak istess server.

914
00:44:10,870 --> 00:44:14,550
Imma preżumibbilment aħna issa jibqgħu fuq dik
servers mingħajr din quddiem u lura.

915
00:44:14,550 --> 00:44:18,600
Minħabba li issa aħna qed jużaw l jismu
Verżjoni tas-sit, mhux il-numerika.

916
00:44:18,600 --> 00:44:20,060
Good kwistjoni.

917
00:44:20,060 --> 00:44:23,690
>> OK, hekk jekk aħna issa assume-- aħna
solvejna ibbilanċjar tat-tagħbija.

918
00:44:23,690 --> 00:44:25,894
Issa għandna mekkaniżmu,
jekk huwa permezz DNS,

919
00:44:25,894 --> 00:44:29,060
jekk huwa permezz ta 'din il-kaxxa iswed, sew jekk
huwa jintuża xi wieħed minn dawn it-tekniki.

920
00:44:29,060 --> 00:44:33,810
Nistgħu nkunu talba ta 'utent fi u
figura li server, 1, 2, jew 3,

921
00:44:33,810 --> 00:44:35,420
li tibgħat lilu jew lilha.

922
00:44:35,420 --> 00:44:39,180
>> Liema jibda biex ikissru dwar website tagħna?

923
00:44:39,180 --> 00:44:41,160
Fi kliem ieħor, għandna
mibnija negozju li

924
00:44:41,160 --> 00:44:43,480
kien qabel fuq server waħda waħda.

925
00:44:43,480 --> 00:44:46,870
Issa dak in-negozju qed taħdem
madwar servers multipli.

926
00:44:46,870 --> 00:44:51,770
Liema tip ta 'suppożizzjonijiet,
liema tipi ta 'deċiżjonijiet tad-disinn,

927
00:44:51,770 --> 00:44:54,870
issa jista 'jiġi breaking?

928
00:44:54,870 --> 00:44:55,745
>> Dan huwa inqas ovvji.

929
00:44:55,745 --> 00:44:58,620
Imma ejja ara jekk aħna ma tista 'tpoġġi tagħna
swaba fuq xi wħud mill-problema konna

930
00:44:58,620 --> 00:44:59,780
maħluqa għalina.

931
00:44:59,780 --> 00:45:02,750
Għal darb'oħra, huwa tip ta 'prodotti simili azjenda
l-nixxija fil-pajp.

932
00:45:02,750 --> 00:45:05,094
U issa xi kwistjoni ġdida
ikun popped up hawn.

933
00:45:05,094 --> 00:45:07,880

934
00:45:07,880 --> 00:45:11,380
>> UDJENZA: [inaudible]

935
00:45:11,380 --> 00:45:16,574

936
00:45:16,574 --> 00:45:19,240
DAVID Malan: OK, hekk aħna li
jibqgħu jikbru ispazju tagħna hard disk.

937
00:45:19,240 --> 00:45:20,450
Jien OK ma 'dak id-dritt issa.

938
00:45:20,450 --> 00:45:23,212
Minħabba I think I tista '
iskala orizzontalment.

939
00:45:23,212 --> 00:45:26,420
Bħal jekk niġri baxx, jien ser biss tikseb
raba server, forsi wieħed minn ħamsa server,

940
00:45:26,420 --> 00:45:30,820
u mbagħad tiżdied il-kapaċità tagħna
bi 30% oħra jew 50% jew whatnot.

941
00:45:30,820 --> 00:45:32,759
Hekk jien OK ma 'dan, għall-inqas għal issa.

942
00:45:32,759 --> 00:45:33,634
UDJENZA: [inaudible]

943
00:45:33,634 --> 00:45:37,314

944
00:45:37,314 --> 00:45:38,980
DAVID Malan: OK, b'tali mod li punt tajjeb.

945
00:45:38,980 --> 00:45:42,340
Allura jissoponi l-servers
mhumiex identiċi.

946
00:45:42,340 --> 00:45:45,260
U klijent tas-servizz
jew l-email ekwivalenti

947
00:45:45,260 --> 00:45:48,690
huwa jkollna xi messaġġ mill-utent
qal, dan mhux dritt tax-xogħol.

948
00:45:48,690 --> 00:45:52,070
Huwa ferm possibbli, xi kultant,
li s-servers forsi wieħed jew aktar

949
00:45:52,070 --> 00:45:55,000
qed jaġixxi daqsxejn awry, iżda mhux
-oħrajn, li żgur tista '

950
00:45:55,000 --> 00:45:57,096
jagħmilha aktar diffiċli biex chase stabbiliti l-kwistjoni.

951
00:45:57,096 --> 00:45:58,720
Inti jista 'jkollok biex tfittex postijiet multipli.

952
00:45:58,720 --> 00:46:00,960
>> Dan huwa manifestazzjoni
ta 'tip ieħor ta' bug,

953
00:46:00,960 --> 00:46:03,950
li huwa li inti probabilment għandhom
fasslu infrastruttura tiegħek sabiex

954
00:46:03,950 --> 00:46:06,200
li kollox huwa verament identiċi.

955
00:46:06,200 --> 00:46:10,390
Iżda dan ma jiżvelaw problema ġdida
li aħna ma kellhiex qabel.

956
00:46:10,390 --> 00:46:11,715
X'aktar?

957
00:46:11,715 --> 00:46:12,590
UDJENZA: [inaudible]

958
00:46:12,590 --> 00:46:16,390

959
00:46:16,390 --> 00:46:19,500
>> DAVID Malan: Yeah,
hemm aktar kumplessità.

960
00:46:19,500 --> 00:46:20,792
Hemm fiżikament aktar wajers.

961
00:46:20,792 --> 00:46:21,750
Hemm mezz ieħor.

962
00:46:21,750 --> 00:46:26,310
Fil-fatt, stajt introduċa fundamentali
kunċett u l-problema fundamentali hawn

963
00:46:26,310 --> 00:46:28,300
magħrufa bħala punt wieħed
ta 'falliment, li,

964
00:46:28,300 --> 00:46:30,110
anki jekk inti stajt qatt semgħu
il-frażi, inti tista 'probabbilment

965
00:46:30,110 --> 00:46:31,780
issa qed jaħdmu lura u figura hija out.

966
00:46:31,780 --> 00:46:35,560
Xi jfisser li għandi wieħed
punt ta 'falliment fl-arkitettura tiegħi?

967
00:46:35,560 --> 00:46:39,694
U mill-arkitettura, I biss
tfisser il-topoloġija ta 'dan.

968
00:46:39,694 --> 00:46:40,610
>> UDJENZA: [inaudible]

969
00:46:40,610 --> 00:46:42,901
>> DAVID Malan: Yeah, dak li jekk
il balancer tagħbija jinżel?

970
00:46:42,901 --> 00:46:46,290
Stajt mdaħħal dan il-bniedem tan-nofs li
iskop fil-ħajja huwa li ssolvi problema.

971
00:46:46,290 --> 00:46:47,740
Imma stajt introduċiet problema ġdida.

972
00:46:47,740 --> 00:46:49,350
A tnixxija ġdid mmullata fil-pajp.

973
00:46:49,350 --> 00:46:53,500
Minħabba li issa jekk il balancer tagħbija
imut jew tinkiser jew misfunctions,

974
00:46:53,500 --> 00:46:56,350
issa I jitilfu l-aċċess għall
-tlieta ta 'servers tiegħi.

975
00:46:56,350 --> 00:46:58,880
U qabel, I ma
jkollhom din pitkal.

976
00:46:58,880 --> 00:47:03,020
U għalhekk din hija problema ġdida, forsi.

977
00:47:03,020 --> 00:47:05,245
Aħna ser terga 'lura għal
kif nistgħu jiffissaw dak.

978
00:47:05,245 --> 00:47:06,734
>> UDJENZA: [inaudible]

979
00:47:06,734 --> 00:47:08,400
DAVID Malan: Dan ikun l-approċċ wieħed.

980
00:47:08,400 --> 00:47:13,926
Yeah, u għalhekk dan se jkun pjuttost
toqba tal-far li nibdew biex jinżlu.

981
00:47:13,926 --> 00:47:15,800
Imma ejja terga 'lura
li fi ftit mument.

982
00:47:15,800 --> 00:47:17,299
Liema problemi oħra jkunu ħloqna?

983
00:47:17,299 --> 00:47:25,540

984
00:47:25,540 --> 00:47:27,470
>> Allura Dan issemma database qabel ma.

985
00:47:27,470 --> 00:47:29,500
U anki jekk int ma
wisq familjari teknikament,

986
00:47:29,500 --> 00:47:33,220
database huwa biss server fejn
jinbidlu data hija tipikament maħżuna,

987
00:47:33,220 --> 00:47:36,430
forsi xi ħadd ordni poġġiet,
profil tal-utent tiegħek, ismek,

988
00:47:36,430 --> 00:47:40,810
-indirizz email tiegħek, affarijiet li tista
jiġu inputted jew mibdula matul iż-żmien.

989
00:47:40,810 --> 00:47:44,599
>> Preċedentement, id-database tiegħi kienet fuq
is-server istess bħal web server tiegħi.

990
00:47:44,599 --> 00:47:46,390
Minħabba I biss kellhom wieħed
web hosting kont.

991
00:47:46,390 --> 00:47:48,480
Kollox kien kollu fl-istess post.

992
00:47:48,480 --> 00:47:54,200
Fejn għandi tpoġġi dejtabejż tiegħi
issa, fuq is-server 1, 2, jew 3?

993
00:47:54,200 --> 00:47:55,100
>> UDJENZA: 4.

994
00:47:55,100 --> 00:47:58,070
>> DAVID Malan: 4, OK, kollha
dritt, so ejja jmorru hemm.

995
00:47:58,070 --> 00:48:01,650
Hekk jien ser tpoġġi tiegħi
database-- u ejja

996
00:48:01,650 --> 00:48:06,520
tibda ittikkettjar dawn www www www.

997
00:48:06,520 --> 00:48:08,780
U jien se ngħid,
dan huwa numru erbgħa.

998
00:48:08,780 --> 00:48:11,270
U jien ser jgħidu db għall dejtabejż.

999
00:48:11,270 --> 00:48:12,870
OK, I bħal dan.

1000
00:48:12,870 --> 00:48:17,021
Liema linja għandi
preżumibbilment tiġi tpinġija hawn?

1001
00:48:17,021 --> 00:48:18,850
>> UDJENZA: [inaudible]

1002
00:48:18,850 --> 00:48:22,740
>> DAVID Malan: Yeah, hekk il-kodiċi,
kif aħna ser jiddiskutu għada,

1003
00:48:22,740 --> 00:48:24,900
preżumibbilment ikun l-istess
fuq kull tlieta servers.

1004
00:48:24,900 --> 00:48:28,374
Imma issa jeħtieġ li jgħaqqdu mhux għal
database ta running lokalment imma xi mkien ieħor.

1005
00:48:28,374 --> 00:48:29,040
U li l-multa.

1006
00:48:29,040 --> 00:48:31,623
Nistgħu biss jagħtu d-database ta '
isem, kif għandna, jew numru.

1007
00:48:31,623 --> 00:48:33,930
U li kollox xogħlijiet multa.

1008
00:48:33,930 --> 00:48:35,820
Imma dak li aħna jsir?

1009
00:48:35,820 --> 00:48:40,640
Imxejna orizzontalment skalat billi
tliet servers minflok waħda, li

1010
00:48:40,640 --> 00:48:41,140
hija tajba.

1011
00:48:41,140 --> 00:48:44,240
Minħabba li issa nistgħu jimmaniġġaw
tliet darbiet bħala tagħbija aktar.

1012
00:48:44,240 --> 00:48:47,710
>> U aħjar għadhom, jekk wieħed jew tnejn
ta 'dawk servers jinżel,

1013
00:48:47,710 --> 00:48:49,350
negozju tiegħi tista 'tkompli topera.

1014
00:48:49,350 --> 00:48:53,960
Minħabba I għad għandhom wieħed, anke jekk jien
tip ta limping flimkien ta 'prestazzjoni għaqli.

1015
00:48:53,960 --> 00:49:01,020
Imma dak problema ġdida jiena
introdott billi mexxew il-bażi tad-dejta

1016
00:49:01,020 --> 00:49:04,350
għal dan is-server separat
minflok fl-1, 2, u 3?

1017
00:49:04,350 --> 00:49:05,412
>> UDJENZA: [inaudible]

1018
00:49:05,412 --> 00:49:08,120
DAVID Malan: Yeah, hekk issa għandi
punt uniku ieħor ta 'falliment.

1019
00:49:08,120 --> 00:49:12,330
Jekk id-database tiegħi imut, jew jeħtieġ li
jiġu aġġornati, jew kwalunkwe, issa żgur,

1020
00:49:12,330 --> 00:49:13,610
-website tiegħi huwa online.

1021
00:49:13,610 --> 00:49:16,270
U nista 'sservi statiku,
Kontenut ma jinbidlux.

1022
00:49:16,270 --> 00:49:21,210
Imma ma nistax let utenti login jew bidla
xejn jew xejn ordni, agħar għadu.

1023
00:49:21,210 --> 00:49:24,120
Għaliex jekk 4 offline,
imbagħad 1, 2, u 3

1024
00:49:24,120 --> 00:49:27,710
verament ma tistax titkellem għaliha skond id-definizzjoni.

1025
00:49:27,710 --> 00:49:31,560
>> OK hekk yeah, u għalhekk dan huwa għaliex
Jien hesitating biex tiġbed dan il.

1026
00:49:31,560 --> 00:49:32,690
Mela ejja terga 'lura għal dan.

1027
00:49:32,690 --> 00:49:33,700
I ma jfissirx li żżomm imbuttar inti off.

1028
00:49:33,700 --> 00:49:36,030
Iżda l-istampa hija ħafna
malajr se tikseb stressanti.

1029
00:49:36,030 --> 00:49:38,620
Għaliex ikollok bżonn biex tibda
li jkollhom żewġ ta 'kollox.

1030
00:49:38,620 --> 00:49:41,850
Fil-fatt, jekk inti stajt qatt dehru l-
Kuntatt movie ftit snin ilu

1031
00:49:41,850 --> 00:49:45,310
bl Jodie Foster-- ebda?

1032
00:49:45,310 --> 00:49:47,410
>> OK, hekk għall-tnejn
minna li stajt tidher Kuntatt,

1033
00:49:47,410 --> 00:49:50,800
hemm relazzjoni hemmhekk fejn dawn
essenzjalment xtrat żewġ ta 'xi ħaġa

1034
00:49:50,800 --> 00:49:53,250
pjuttost milli wieħed, għalkemm
għal darbtejn il-prezz.

1035
00:49:53,250 --> 00:49:55,922
Allura kien tip ta 'jilgħab
jikkummentaw fil-film.

1036
00:49:55,922 --> 00:49:57,130
Huwa tip ta relatati ma 'din.

1037
00:49:57,130 --> 00:49:58,290
Nistgħu assolutament tagħmel dan.

1038
00:49:58,290 --> 00:50:00,123
U inti ħadthom biss spiża
lilna darbtejn daqshekk flus.

1039
00:50:00,123 --> 00:50:01,300
Iżda aħna ser terga 'lura għal dan.

1040
00:50:01,300 --> 00:50:02,400
>> Allura konna solvuta din.

1041
00:50:02,400 --> 00:50:03,108
Allura inti taf liema?

1042
00:50:03,108 --> 00:50:04,450
Dan huwa simili inklinazzjoni tiżloq.

1043
00:50:04,450 --> 00:50:07,033
Ma rridx li jittrattaw ma jkollhom
li jkollhom database duplikat.

1044
00:50:07,033 --> 00:50:08,037
Huwa wisq flus.

1045
00:50:08,037 --> 00:50:08,620
Taf xiex?

1046
00:50:08,620 --> 00:50:12,880
Irrid li jkollhom bażi ta 'data tiegħi
eżatt bħal fil-verżjoni waħda

1047
00:50:12,880 --> 00:50:17,450
fejn kull server ikollu
-database lokali tagħha stess.

1048
00:50:17,450 --> 00:50:19,480
Hekk jien biss ser
jiġbed db fuq kull wieħed minn dawn.

1049
00:50:19,480 --> 00:50:22,240
>> Allura issa kull web server
huwa identiku sa fejn

1050
00:50:22,240 --> 00:50:25,650
kif għamlet l-istess kodiċi, l-istess
assi statiċi, stampi istess u t-test

1051
00:50:25,650 --> 00:50:26,720
u oħrajn.

1052
00:50:26,720 --> 00:50:29,580
U kull wieħed għandu database tagħha stess.

1053
00:50:29,580 --> 00:50:31,450
I fiss il-punt waħdieni
ta 'problema falliment.

1054
00:50:31,450 --> 00:50:32,570
Issa I jkollhom database.

1055
00:50:32,570 --> 00:50:36,210
Ma jimpurtax liema tnejn jew waħda minn dawn
affarijiet die, dejjem hemm waħda xellug.

1056
00:50:36,210 --> 00:50:41,156
Imma dak problema ġdida jiena maħluqa
din is-soluzzjoni Dan l evitat?

1057
00:50:41,156 --> 00:50:42,470
>> UDJENZA: [inaudible]

1058
00:50:42,470 --> 00:50:44,386
>> DAVID Malan: Yeah, I
għandek sync, id-dritt?

1059
00:50:44,386 --> 00:50:47,860
Għaliex jew I-ħtieġa li sinkronizzazzjoni
li għaddej where-- fi kliem ieħor,

1060
00:50:47,860 --> 00:50:50,570
jekk Alice iżur tiegħi
sit, u hi ġara

1061
00:50:50,570 --> 00:50:55,070
biex tikseb robined saltwarjament jew tondi
jew kwalunkwe, għal server numru wieħed,

1062
00:50:55,070 --> 00:50:58,770
wara I għandhom dejjem
tibgħat tagħha għal server 1.

1063
00:50:58,770 --> 00:50:59,420
Għaliex?

1064
00:50:59,420 --> 00:51:01,540
Għaliex jekk I tibgħat tagħha
għal server 2, li għaddej

1065
00:51:01,540 --> 00:51:03,140
tfittex simili hi ma jeżistix hemmhekk.

1066
00:51:03,140 --> 00:51:04,450
>> Jien mhux ser ikollhom storja ordni tagħha.

1067
00:51:04,450 --> 00:51:06,300
Jien mhux ser ikollhom profil tagħha hemmhekk.

1068
00:51:06,300 --> 00:51:09,360
U li biss iħoss bħal
huwa tistieden problemi.

1069
00:51:09,360 --> 00:51:11,400
U meta Bob iżur, jien
għandek tibgħat lilu dejjem

1070
00:51:11,400 --> 00:51:14,800
għall-istess server, 2, jew liema
wieħed, u Charlie lil terz,

1071
00:51:14,800 --> 00:51:15,797
u konsistenti.

1072
00:51:15,797 --> 00:51:17,130
Dan mhux irraġonevoli, għalkemm.

1073
00:51:17,130 --> 00:51:19,270
Din tissejjaħ
taqsim database tiegħek.

1074
00:51:19,270 --> 00:51:21,270
U fil-fatt dan kien dak li
Facebook għamlet kmieni.

1075
00:51:21,270 --> 00:51:24,020
>> Jekk inti segwa l-istorja ta '
Facebook, dan beda hawn fuq kampus

1076
00:51:24,020 --> 00:51:25,770
kif www.thefacebook.com.

1077
00:51:25,770 --> 00:51:29,260
Imbagħad evolviet darba Mark beda
jinfirex fil-kampus oħra

1078
00:51:29,260 --> 00:51:34,450
li jkun harvard.thefacebook.com u
mit.thefacebook.com, u probabbilment

1079
00:51:34,450 --> 00:51:37,027
bu.thefacebook.com, u simili.

1080
00:51:37,027 --> 00:51:38,860
U li kien minħabba
kmieni, jiena ma naħsibx

1081
00:51:38,860 --> 00:51:40,484
inti jista 'jkollhom ħbieb madwar kampus.

1082
00:51:40,484 --> 00:51:41,410
Imma li l-multa.

1083
00:51:41,410 --> 00:51:43,930
Minħabba ħadd minn Harvard
ltqajna mibgħuta lil dan is-server.

1084
00:51:43,930 --> 00:51:45,744
Kulħadd minn BU ltqajna mibgħuta lil dan is-server.

1085
00:51:45,744 --> 00:51:47,910
Xi ħadd mill-MIT ltqajna mibgħuta
għal dan server-- fit-teorija.

1086
00:51:47,910 --> 00:51:50,540
Jien ma pjuttost jafu kollha l
dettalji ta 'implementazzjoni sottostanti.

1087
00:51:50,540 --> 00:51:55,610
Imma hu preżumibbilment imqassam lin-nies mill
kampus tagħhom, fejn in-netwerk tagħhom kien.

1088
00:51:55,610 --> 00:51:58,772
>> Allura li tajjeb sal-punt
fejn għandek bżonn żewġ servers għall Harvard,

1089
00:51:58,772 --> 00:51:59,980
jew tliet servers għall Harvard.

1090
00:51:59,980 --> 00:52:01,800
U allura dak sempliċità
tip ta 'ikisser.

1091
00:52:01,800 --> 00:52:03,174
Imma dak li hu approċċ raġjonevoli.

1092
00:52:03,174 --> 00:52:04,950
Ejja dejjem jibgħat Alice
għall-istess post,

1093
00:52:04,950 --> 00:52:06,366
dejjem jibgħat Bob għall-istess post.

1094
00:52:06,366 --> 00:52:09,680
Imma x'jiġri jekk Alice
servers tmur offline?

1095
00:52:09,680 --> 00:52:12,300
Bob u Charlie xorta jistgħu jixtru
affarijiet u log fis-sit.

1096
00:52:12,300 --> 00:52:13,462
Iżda Alice ma jistgħux.

1097
00:52:13,462 --> 00:52:15,170
Allura inti tilfu terz
tal-bażi utent tiegħek.

1098
00:52:15,170 --> 00:52:16,980
Forsi dan huwa aħjar minn 100%?

1099
00:52:16,980 --> 00:52:20,580
Iżda forsi d jkun sbieħ jekk nistgħu
xorta tappoġġja 100% tal-utenti tagħna

1100
00:52:20,580 --> 00:52:23,470
anke meta terz ta 'tagħna
servers tmur offline.

1101
00:52:23,470 --> 00:52:24,760
>> Allura nistgħu sync liema?

1102
00:52:24,760 --> 00:52:29,250
Mhux l-utenti, per se, iżda l-
database ta madwar dawn is-servers kollha.

1103
00:52:29,250 --> 00:52:33,350
Allura issa għandna tip ta 'bżonn ftit
tip ta 'interkonnessjoni

1104
00:52:33,350 --> 00:52:37,880
hawn hekk li l-servers huma stess
jista sync-- mhux irraġonevoli.

1105
00:52:37,880 --> 00:52:40,090
U fil-fatt, din it-teknoloġija teżisti.

1106
00:52:40,090 --> 00:52:45,550
Fid-dinja ta 'databases, hemm
il-kunċett ta 'databases kaptan iskjavi,

1107
00:52:45,550 --> 00:52:48,240
jew primarja-sekondarja,
fejn fost il-karatteristiċi

1108
00:52:48,240 --> 00:52:51,050
huwa mhux biss għad-data jaħżnu
u jirrispondu ma 'data,

1109
00:52:51,050 --> 00:52:53,375
iżda wkoll biss li kontinwament
sync ma 'xulxin.

1110
00:52:53,375 --> 00:52:56,480
Allura kwalunkwe ħin li inti tikteb jew ħlief
xi ħaġa li din id-database,

1111
00:52:56,480 --> 00:53:00,040
immedjatament gets "replikati"
għad-databases oħrajn ukoll.

1112
00:53:00,040 --> 00:53:02,870
>> U kull darba li inti taqra minnha,
ma jimpurtax fejn int.

1113
00:53:02,870 --> 00:53:05,170
Għaliex jekk fit-teorija
li ħadthom kollha synced, int

1114
00:53:05,170 --> 00:53:07,710
ser tikseb l-istess fehma tad-data.

1115
00:53:07,710 --> 00:53:10,800
Allura dan ħsejjes perfetta.

1116
00:53:10,800 --> 00:53:11,883
Hemm ltqajna biex tkun qabda.

1117
00:53:11,883 --> 00:53:15,200

1118
00:53:15,200 --> 00:53:18,990
Liema jista 'qabda tkun?

1119
00:53:18,990 --> 00:53:21,790
>> UDJENZA: [inaudible]

1120
00:53:21,790 --> 00:53:25,830
>> DAVID Malan: Yeah, hekk tliet darbiet
kemm Jittieħed tista 'tmur ħażin.

1121
00:53:25,830 --> 00:53:26,930
Li l-realtà.

1122
00:53:26,930 --> 00:53:28,480
Dan kollu jista 'jkun l-istess fl-ispirtu.

1123
00:53:28,480 --> 00:53:30,404
Iżda xi ħadd jeħtieġ li jiġi kkonfigurat dawn.

1124
00:53:30,404 --> 00:53:33,070
Hemm aktar possibbli li
xi ħaġa għaddej biex tmur ħażin.

1125
00:53:33,070 --> 00:53:38,130
Biss combinatorially għandek
Jittieħed aktar suxxettibbli għall-iżbalji.

1126
00:53:38,130 --> 00:53:40,505
X'iktar huwa ħażin potenzjalment?

1127
00:53:40,505 --> 00:53:41,380
UDJENZA: [inaudible]

1128
00:53:41,380 --> 00:53:44,100

1129
00:53:44,100 --> 00:53:46,180
>> DAVID Malan: Yeah, hekk
syncing jista 'jkun ħażin.

1130
00:53:46,180 --> 00:53:48,110
Anke kif inti tista 'taf
minn backups u bħal dawn,

1131
00:53:48,110 --> 00:53:50,520
jekk inti biss qed bl-addoċċ teħid
backups, dak li jekk xi ħaġa ma

1132
00:53:50,520 --> 00:53:51,560
imorru ħażin fuq id-database waħda?

1133
00:53:51,560 --> 00:53:53,018
Inti tħassar xi ħaġa li inti m'għandekx.

1134
00:53:53,018 --> 00:53:56,299
You ħadthom immedjatament replikati
dik il-problema kullimkien ieħor.

1135
00:53:56,299 --> 00:53:58,840
Allura Rabat kien backups talking--
tkun ħaġa tajba hawn.

1136
00:53:58,840 --> 00:54:00,549
U hekk aħna ser terġa 'lura għal dan.

1137
00:54:00,549 --> 00:54:03,090
U li jkun ċar, aħna qed jitkellem
Mhuwiex dwar backups hawn per se.

1138
00:54:03,090 --> 00:54:08,240
Aħna qed jitkellem dwar replikazzjoni reali
jew is-sinkronizzazzjoni bejn servers.

1139
00:54:08,240 --> 00:54:09,110
Huma qed kollha ħajjin.

1140
00:54:09,110 --> 00:54:12,074
Dawn mhux qed maħsuba biex
jintużaw għall-backups.

1141
00:54:12,074 --> 00:54:13,294
>> UDJENZA: [inaudible]

1142
00:54:13,294 --> 00:54:14,335
DAVID Malan: X'hemm li?

1143
00:54:14,335 --> 00:54:14,710
UDJENZA: Higher--

1144
00:54:14,710 --> 00:54:15,751
DAVID Malan: Spejjeż ogħla.

1145
00:54:15,751 --> 00:54:20,180
Imxejna ttriplikat l-ispiża għall
żgur, għalkemm inqas f'termini

1146
00:54:20,180 --> 00:54:21,100
tal-hardware.

1147
00:54:21,100 --> 00:54:23,200
Minħabba database huwa
biss biċċa ta 'softwer.

1148
00:54:23,200 --> 00:54:25,189
U web server hija biċċa ta 'softwer.

1149
00:54:25,189 --> 00:54:27,980
Huwa probabbilment b'xejn jekk aħna qed jużaw
kwalunkwe numru ta 'affarijiet open source.

1150
00:54:27,980 --> 00:54:30,480
Imma jekk aħna qed jużaw
xi ħaġa bħal Oracle,

1151
00:54:30,480 --> 00:54:36,574
aħna qed tħallas Oracle aktar flus għal kull
liċenzji, jew Microsoft għal aċċess.

1152
00:54:36,574 --> 00:54:38,240
Hemm ltqajna biex tkun xi qabda oħra hawn.

1153
00:54:38,240 --> 00:54:39,240
Ma jistax ikun dan sempliċi.

1154
00:54:39,240 --> 00:54:42,990

1155
00:54:42,990 --> 00:54:47,300
>> Allura biex punt tiegħek, naħseb li kien
Kareem, għal ġeografija earlier-- jew le,

1156
00:54:47,300 --> 00:54:50,870
Rumana, ma kien, għal geography-- jissoponi
li aħna qed qed intelliġenti dwar dan,

1157
00:54:50,870 --> 00:54:54,080
u aħna qed tqegħid wieħed mill servers tagħna,
u min-naħa dejtabejżis tagħna, fl-Istati Uniti,

1158
00:54:54,080 --> 00:54:56,910
u ieħor fl-Ewropa, ieħor fil
Amerika t'Isfel, ieħor fl-Afrika,

1159
00:54:56,910 --> 00:55:00,290
ieħor fl-Asja, kullimkien aħna
tista 'tixtieq madwar id-dinja.

1160
00:55:00,290 --> 00:55:04,220
Aħna diġà jafu mill-traċċa tagħna
rotot dan il-punt A u punt

1161
00:55:04,220 --> 00:55:06,910
B, jekk dawn qed mbegħdin minn xulxin,
huma ser jieħdu aktar ħin.

1162
00:55:06,910 --> 00:55:10,312
>> U jekk xi wħud minnkom użajt
għodod, bħal Facebook jew Twitter

1163
00:55:10,312 --> 00:55:13,520
jew kwalunkwe minn dawn is-siti dawn il-jiem li
qed jinbidlu minħabba l-utent

1164
00:55:13,520 --> 00:55:16,880
informazzjoni kollha maħluqa, xi kultant jekk inti
hit Reload jew miftuħa l-istess paġna

1165
00:55:16,880 --> 00:55:20,270
fil-browser ieħor, tara
Verżjonijiet differenti, kważi.

1166
00:55:20,270 --> 00:55:22,875
Inti tista 'tara l-istatus ta' xi ħadd
taġġorna hawn imma mhux hawn,

1167
00:55:22,875 --> 00:55:25,500
u allura inti rikarigu, u allura
jidher, u inti rikarigu darb'oħra,

1168
00:55:25,500 --> 00:55:26,640
u dan jispiċċa.

1169
00:55:26,640 --> 00:55:29,076
Fi kliem ieħor, żżomm
għajnejk għal din hija, għallinqas

1170
00:55:29,076 --> 00:55:30,950
jekk inti qed tuża soċjali
netwerking speċjalment.

1171
00:55:30,950 --> 00:55:33,320
>> Għal darb'oħra, biss minħabba l-
dejta qed tinbidel hekk malajr,

1172
00:55:33,320 --> 00:55:35,710
kultant servers do nikseb minn sync.

1173
00:55:35,710 --> 00:55:37,230
U forsi huwa tieqa super żgħira.

1174
00:55:37,230 --> 00:55:39,970
Iżda 200 millisekondi, forsi
saħansitra aktar minn that-- huwa

1175
00:55:39,970 --> 00:55:43,415
ser jieħu ftit mhux żero ammont
ta 'żmien għal dawn id-databases sync.

1176
00:55:43,415 --> 00:55:45,290
U aħna mhux qed biss
jitkellem dwar talba waħda.

1177
00:55:45,290 --> 00:55:48,540
Jekk kumpanija għandha eluf ta '
utenti jużawh fl-istess ħin,

1178
00:55:48,540 --> 00:55:49,460
huma jistgħu buffer.

1179
00:55:49,460 --> 00:55:52,240
Fi kliem ieħor, hemm jista
jkun kju jew linja stenna

1180
00:55:52,240 --> 00:55:54,950
qabel dawk kollha dejtabejż
mistoqsijiet jistgħu jiksbu sinkronizzata.

1181
00:55:54,950 --> 00:55:56,610
Allura forsi huwa attwalment ftit sekondi.

1182
00:55:56,610 --> 00:55:59,820
>> U fil-fatt dan huwa minnu naħseb anke
din il-ġurnata ma Facebook, fejn

1183
00:55:59,820 --> 00:56:02,010
meta synchronize minn
East Coast biex West Coast,

1184
00:56:02,010 --> 00:56:06,026
hija għandha mhux trivjali
dewmien tal-propagazzjoni, biex ngħidu hekk,

1185
00:56:06,026 --> 00:56:07,650
li inti biss tip ta 'għandek jittolleraw.

1186
00:56:07,650 --> 00:56:11,210
U dan mhuwiex daqstant
bug kif hi realtà

1187
00:56:11,210 --> 00:56:14,230
li l-utenti tiegħek ma tista 'tara
id-dejta korretta għal mill-inqas

1188
00:56:14,230 --> 00:56:14,970
ftit sekondi.

1189
00:56:14,970 --> 00:56:17,410
>> Nara dan fuq Twitter lott
fil-fatt fejn kultant I ser

1190
00:56:17,410 --> 00:56:21,227
tweet tieqa waħda, miftuħa ieħor biex
mbagħad tara li tikkonferma li fil-fatt

1191
00:56:21,227 --> 00:56:22,560
marru up, u huwa ma wasalniex.

1192
00:56:22,560 --> 00:56:25,340
U I għandhom tip ta rikarigu,
rikarigu, reload-- oh, hemm hu.

1193
00:56:25,340 --> 00:56:27,150
U li mhux għax ma kienx salvat.

1194
00:56:27,150 --> 00:56:29,850
Hija biss ma propagati
għal servers oħra.

1195
00:56:29,850 --> 00:56:33,120
>> Allura dan kompromess, too-- do int verament
jridu jesponu lilek innifsek biex ir-riskju

1196
00:56:33,120 --> 00:56:37,254
li jekk l-utent tmur għall-ordni tagħhom
istorja, mhuwiex attwalment wasalniex?

1197
00:56:37,254 --> 00:56:38,420
Nara dan fuq ċerti banek.

1198
00:56:38,420 --> 00:56:42,100
Hija dejjem annoys me meta, ukoll, għal wieħed,
inti tista 'biss tmur bħal sitt xhur wara

1199
00:56:42,100 --> 00:56:45,160
fil dikjarazzjonijiet tal-bank tiegħek f'xi banek,
anki jekk fit-teorija suppost

1200
00:56:45,160 --> 00:56:46,576
ikunu jistgħu jkollhom fuq l-internet kollox.

1201
00:56:46,576 --> 00:56:48,630
Huma biss jieħdu offline Jittieħed kultant.

1202
00:56:48,630 --> 00:56:51,430
Kultant, too-- liema website huwa?

1203
00:56:51,430 --> 00:56:53,570
Hemm one-- oh, huwa GoDaddy, naħseb.

1204
00:56:53,570 --> 00:56:56,620
GoDaddy, meta inti check out
xiri ta 'isem ta' dominju jew xi ħaġa,

1205
00:56:56,620 --> 00:56:58,630
dawn ser spiss jagħtuk
link għall irċevuta tiegħek.

1206
00:56:58,630 --> 00:57:01,470
U jekk tikklikkja dak id-dritt rabta
bogħod, li ħafna drabi ma taħdimx.

1207
00:57:01,470 --> 00:57:03,290
Hija biss jgħid, mejta għan, xejn hawn.

1208
00:57:03,290 --> 00:57:05,450
>> U dan huwa wisq minħabba
dan id-dewmien propagazzjoni.

1209
00:57:05,450 --> 00:57:08,290
Minħabba li għal kwalunkwe raġuni, dawn
qed tieħu xi ftit ta 'żmien

1210
00:57:08,290 --> 00:57:09,670
li attwalment tiġġenera dan.

1211
00:57:09,670 --> 00:57:12,070
Allura dan huwa tip ta 'bħal inti tixtieq li
pull xagħar tiegħek out f'xi punt.

1212
00:57:12,070 --> 00:57:14,486
Minħabba li kull ma qed tipprova
tagħmel hu issolvi problema sempliċi.

1213
00:57:14,486 --> 00:57:16,590
U inżommu ħolqien ġodda
problemi għalina.

1214
00:57:16,590 --> 00:57:18,770
Mela ejja ara jekk irridu
tista tip ta jħoll dan l.

1215
00:57:18,770 --> 00:57:22,730
>> Jirriżulta li tgħaqqad
databases dwar kollha ta 'servers mill-web tiegħek

1216
00:57:22,730 --> 00:57:25,090
mhuwiex verament l-aħjar prattika.

1217
00:57:25,090 --> 00:57:27,950
Ġeneralment, liema inġinier
se tagħmel, jew sistemi perit,

1218
00:57:27,950 --> 00:57:30,340
jkun li jkollhom differenti
livelli ta 'servers.

1219
00:57:30,340 --> 00:57:33,160
U biss għall-finijiet ispazju, jiena ser
ifasslu dejtabejż tagħhom hawn.

1220
00:57:33,160 --> 00:57:38,060
>> Aħna jista 'jkollhom database u
servers numru erbgħa hawn

1221
00:57:38,060 --> 00:57:42,430
li ma jkollhom konnessjonijiet mal
kull wieħed minn dawn is-servers hawn.

1222
00:57:42,430 --> 00:57:45,400
Allura dan jista 'jkun ta' quddiem tagħna
tmiem livell, kif in-nies jgħidu.

1223
00:57:45,400 --> 00:57:47,770
U dan ikun lura l saff tagħna.

1224
00:57:47,770 --> 00:57:50,580
U dan ifisser biss li
dawn jiffaċċjaw l-utent.

1225
00:57:50,580 --> 00:57:53,010
U d-databases ma jiffaċċjawx l-utent.

1226
00:57:53,010 --> 00:57:55,480
L-ebda utent jista direttament
jaċċessaw id-dejtabejż.

1227
00:57:55,480 --> 00:57:59,280
>> Mela ejja issa forsi jinżlu
-rotta Rabat propost.

1228
00:57:59,280 --> 00:58:00,940
Dan huwa punt uniku ta 'falliment.

1229
00:58:00,940 --> 00:58:02,290
Li jagħmel me skomda.

1230
00:58:02,290 --> 00:58:05,790
Allura x'inhu l forsi l-
aktar soluzzjoni ovvja?

1231
00:58:05,790 --> 00:58:06,665
UDJENZA: [inaudible]

1232
00:58:06,665 --> 00:58:09,979

1233
00:58:09,979 --> 00:58:11,437
DAVID Malan: Jiddispjacini, jgħidu li għal darb'oħra.

1234
00:58:11,437 --> 00:58:12,352
UDJENZA: [inaudible]

1235
00:58:12,352 --> 00:58:13,810
DAVID Malan: server Nuqqas ta 'preżentazzjoni.

1236
00:58:13,810 --> 00:58:15,364
Xi trid tfisser?

1237
00:58:15,364 --> 00:58:17,120
>> UDJENZA: [inaudible]

1238
00:58:17,120 --> 00:58:19,120
>> DAVID Malan: Oh, OK, hekk backups.

1239
00:58:19,120 --> 00:58:21,110
OK, hekk nistgħu nagħmlu dan, ċertament.

1240
00:58:21,110 --> 00:58:23,790
U fil-fatt dan huwa komuni ħafna jsir.

1241
00:58:23,790 --> 00:58:26,470
Dan jista 'jkun in-numru bażi ta' data ta 'ħames.

1242
00:58:26,470 --> 00:58:28,510
Imma dak li biss
konnessi ma numru erbgħa.

1243
00:58:28,510 --> 00:58:31,110
U inti tista 'sejħa hija ta' rikambju sħun.

1244
00:58:31,110 --> 00:58:35,080
Dawn iż-żewġ bażijiet tad-dejta jista 'jiġi kkonfigurat
għal ftit kontinwament synchronize

1245
00:58:35,080 --> 00:58:35,850
xulxin.

1246
00:58:35,850 --> 00:58:39,010
U hekk jekk din il-magna imut, għal
tkun xi tkun stupid reason---hard drive

1247
00:58:39,010 --> 00:58:42,100
imut, xi ħadd vjaġġi fuq il-
korda, xi softwer huwa difettuż

1248
00:58:42,100 --> 00:58:46,560
u l prekarja magna jew crashes--
inti jista 'jkollhom uman litteralment

1249
00:58:46,560 --> 00:58:51,090
unplug dan wieħed mill-ħajt
u minflok plug dan wieħed fil.

1250
00:58:51,090 --> 00:58:56,340
U allura fit, ejja ngħidu aħna,
ftit minuti, forsi nofs siegħa,

1251
00:58:56,340 --> 00:58:57,210
int lura fuq l-internet.

1252
00:58:57,210 --> 00:58:59,259
>> Mhuwiex kbir, iżda
huwa wkoll mhux horrible.

1253
00:58:59,259 --> 00:59:01,800
U inti ma għandekx għalfejn tinkwieta
dwar xi kwistjonijiet sinkronizzazzjoni.

1254
00:59:01,800 --> 00:59:03,080
Għaliex kollox huwa diġà hemmhekk.

1255
00:59:03,080 --> 00:59:05,000
Għaliex inti kellhom perfetta
backup lesta li tmur.

1256
00:59:05,000 --> 00:59:07,100
>> Inti tista 'tkun ftit
fancier dwar dan,

1257
00:59:07,100 --> 00:59:12,990
kif xi nies spiss jagħmlu, fejn inti
jista 'jkollhom id-database numru erbgħa hawn,

1258
00:59:12,990 --> 00:59:17,480
Numru dejtabejż ħamsa hawn,
li qed nitkellmu ma 'xulxin.

1259
00:59:17,480 --> 00:59:24,120
Imma inti ukoll għandek din il
tip ta arrangement--

1260
00:59:24,120 --> 00:59:27,440
u deliberatament
jistenna messy, minħabba li

1261
00:59:27,440 --> 00:59:30,220
is-- fejn kollha ta 'l-
servers ta 'quddiem jista'

1262
00:59:30,220 --> 00:59:32,870
kellem kollha tas-servers tmiem lura.

1263
00:59:32,870 --> 00:59:38,130
U hekk jekk din id-database ma jkunx
jirrispondu, dawn is-servers tarf ta 'quddiem għandhom

1264
00:59:38,130 --> 00:59:40,212
li jkollhom l-ipprogrammar
kodiċi fihom li tgħid,

1265
00:59:40,212 --> 00:59:42,170
jekk inti ma tieħux
konnessjoni għal din id-database,

1266
00:59:42,170 --> 00:59:45,830
primarja minnufih jibda
tkellem lill-sekondarja.

1267
00:59:45,830 --> 00:59:48,310
>> Imma dan issa timbotta l-
kumplessità tal-kodiċi.

1268
00:59:48,310 --> 00:59:52,070
U issa l-iżviluppaturi tiegħek, software tiegħek
iżviluppaturi, għandek tkun taf dwar dan.

1269
00:59:52,070 --> 00:59:56,454
U int it-tip ta irbit l-kodiċi li
int bil-miktub li aħħar lura attwali tiegħek

1270
00:59:56,454 --> 00:59:58,370
Dettalji ta 'implimentazzjoni,
li jagħmilha aktar diffiċli,

1271
00:59:58,370 --> 01:00:00,670
speċjalment akbar
kumpannija jew website akbar,

1272
01:00:00,670 --> 01:00:05,020
fejn inti ma neċessarjament
jridu li l-programmaturi li jkollhom

1273
01:00:05,020 --> 01:00:10,890
tkun taf kif il-bażi tad-dejta
inġiniera qed jagħmlu l-impjiegi tagħhom.

1274
01:00:10,890 --> 01:00:13,810
Inti tista 'tixtieq li żżomm dawk ir-rwoli
tip ta funzjonalment distinta hekk

1275
01:00:13,810 --> 01:00:16,810
li hemm dan is-saff ta '
estrazzjoni bejn it-tnejn.

1276
01:00:16,810 --> 01:00:17,940
>> Allura kif tista nistgħu jiffissaw dan?

1277
01:00:17,940 --> 01:00:20,290
Ukoll, aħna tip ta solvuti
din il-problema darba qabel.

1278
01:00:20,290 --> 01:00:25,680
Għaliex ma we tpoġġi wieħed mill
dawn l-affarijiet hawn fejn

1279
01:00:25,680 --> 01:00:30,947
taħdidiet mbagħad biex numru erbgħa u
ħames, kollha tas-servers tal-web tarf ta 'quddiem

1280
01:00:30,947 --> 01:00:33,780
kellem għal dan pitkal, u l-
middleman fil rotot dawran data tagħhom?

1281
01:00:33,780 --> 01:00:38,494
Fil-fatt, dak li jista 'jkun
isem tajjeb għal dan il-ħaġa?

1282
01:00:38,494 --> 01:00:39,704
>> UDJENZA: [inaudible]

1283
01:00:39,704 --> 01:00:41,120
DAVID Malan: OK, manager tad-database.

1284
01:00:41,120 --> 01:00:48,030
Imma dak li jista 'terminu jkun li
nistgħu terġa għal dan l-apparat?

1285
01:00:48,030 --> 01:00:49,760
Aħna qed ibbilanċjar.

1286
01:00:49,760 --> 01:00:52,480
Yeah, hekk fil-fatt, jien
li ma jkunux ġusti hawn.

1287
01:00:52,480 --> 01:00:56,760
Allura balancer tagħbija ikun jimplika li
aħna qed toggling quddiem u lura hawn,

1288
01:00:56,760 --> 01:00:58,836
li jeħtieġu mhux attwalment il-każ.

1289
01:00:58,836 --> 01:01:00,460
Allura hemm ftit modi nistgħu tagħmel dan.

1290
01:01:00,460 --> 01:01:03,920
>> Jekk dan huwa fil-fatt balancer tagħbija, il
istorja huwa eżattament l-istess bħal qabel.

1291
01:01:03,920 --> 01:01:05,230
Uħud mill-talbiet imorru sa 4.

1292
01:01:05,230 --> 01:01:06,150
Xi wħud minnhom imorru sa 5.

1293
01:01:06,150 --> 01:01:06,710
U li tajjeb.

1294
01:01:06,710 --> 01:01:08,835
Minħabba li issa nistgħu jimmaniġġaw
darbtejn daqs throughput.

1295
01:01:08,835 --> 01:01:11,120
Iżda f'dan il-kuntest
hawnhekk huwa super importanti.

1296
01:01:11,120 --> 01:01:14,050
Huma għandhom jibqgħu kontinwament
sinkronizzata u nisperaw

1297
01:01:14,050 --> 01:01:17,670
mhumiex ġeografikament 'l bogħod wisq hekk
li l sinkronizzazzjoni huwa essenzjalment

1298
01:01:17,670 --> 01:01:18,520
istantanja.

1299
01:01:18,520 --> 01:01:20,410
Inkella aħna jista 'jkollok problema.

1300
01:01:20,410 --> 01:01:21,330
>> Allura dak mhux ħażin.

1301
01:01:21,330 --> 01:01:25,132
Iżda għal darb'oħra, aħna ħadthom
introduċiet problema ġdida.

1302
01:01:25,132 --> 01:01:26,590
Liema problema kienu I biss recreated?

1303
01:01:26,590 --> 01:01:30,000

1304
01:01:30,000 --> 01:01:31,020
punt waħdieni ta 'falliment.

1305
01:01:31,020 --> 01:01:32,390
Allura x'inhu l-risposta għal din?

1306
01:01:32,390 --> 01:01:39,270
Hekk kif l-Belt Victoria fond biex jonfqu l-flus,
nistgħu nieħdu dan Guy out u jagħmlu dan.

1307
01:01:39,270 --> 01:01:41,731
U jien biss ser
jimxu hawn biżżejjed spazju.

1308
01:01:41,731 --> 01:01:43,230
U li għaddej biex tkun ftit messy.

1309
01:01:43,230 --> 01:01:44,563
Jien ser iżommu linji tpinġija.

1310
01:01:44,563 --> 01:01:47,080
Ejja ngħidu li kollha ta '
dawk il-linji jmorru fil tnejn?

1311
01:01:47,080 --> 01:01:52,670
>> A teknika komuni ħafna hawn ikunu
li tintuża teknika msejħa qalb

1312
01:01:52,670 --> 01:01:57,390
li permezz tagħha kull wieħed minn dawn il-mezzi,
balancers xellug u tal-lemin tat-tagħbija,

1313
01:01:57,390 --> 01:02:00,740
jew xi rridu li jsejħu lilhom,
huwa kontinwament qal, jien ħaj,

1314
01:02:00,740 --> 01:02:03,220
Jien ħaj, jien ħaj, jien ħaj.

1315
01:02:03,220 --> 01:02:05,910
Waħda minnhom fil-kontumaċja
taġixxi bħala l-primarja.

1316
01:02:05,910 --> 01:02:09,620
Allura traffiku kollu qed jiġi jgħaddu
il-wieħed fuq ix-xellug, per eżempju,

1317
01:02:09,620 --> 01:02:11,260
-kontumaċja, b'mod arbitrarju.

1318
01:02:11,260 --> 01:02:16,890
>> Iżda hekk kif il-Guy fuq il-lemin
ma tisma 'mill-Guy xellug aktar,

1319
01:02:16,890 --> 01:02:20,440
il-wieħed fuq il-lemin huwa pprogrammat
li awtomatikament, pereżempju,

1320
01:02:20,440 --> 01:02:24,110
tieħu f'idejha l-indirizz IP
tal-wieħed fuq ix-xellug,

1321
01:02:24,110 --> 01:02:28,240
u għalhekk isiru l-primarja, u
forsi ibgħat email jew messaġġ test

1322
01:02:28,240 --> 01:02:31,570
għall-bnedmin li jgħidu, ħej,
primarja baqa 'huwa offline.

1323
01:02:31,570 --> 01:02:33,310
I se jsiru primarja għal issa.

1324
01:02:33,310 --> 01:02:35,760
Allura viċi president isir
President, biex ngħidu hekk.

1325
01:02:35,760 --> 01:02:38,180
U xi ħadd irid imur isalva
il-president, jekk inti tixtieq.

1326
01:02:38,180 --> 01:02:41,090
Minħabba li issa għandna temporanju
punt waħdieni ta 'falliment.

1327
01:02:41,090 --> 01:02:45,020
>> Hekk kif ikkumplikati jew stressanti kif
dan jista 'jidher li jibdew jiġu,

1328
01:02:45,020 --> 01:02:46,990
dan huwa kif issolvi dawn il-problemi.

1329
01:02:46,990 --> 01:02:48,190
You do tarmi l-flus fiha.

1330
01:02:48,190 --> 01:02:49,370
Inti tarmi hardware fiha.

1331
01:02:49,370 --> 01:02:52,170
Imma sfortunatament inti
żid kumplessità għal dan.

1332
01:02:52,170 --> 01:02:56,450
Imma r-riżultat, finalment, huwa li
ikollok ħafna aktar, fit-teorija,

1333
01:02:56,450 --> 01:02:57,670
tkun miftuħa u robusta.

1334
01:02:57,670 --> 01:02:58,850
Huwa għadu mhux perfett.

1335
01:02:58,850 --> 01:03:02,470
Għaliex anki meta aħna have-- nistgħu
mhux ikollhom punt wieħed ta 'falliment.

1336
01:03:02,470 --> 01:03:05,240
Issa għandna punti doppji ta 'falliment.

1337
01:03:05,240 --> 01:03:07,630
Iżda jekk iż-żewġ affarijiet imorru ħażin,
li assolutament jistgħu,

1338
01:03:07,630 --> 01:03:09,030
aħna qed għadhom għaddejjin li tkun offline.

1339
01:03:09,030 --> 01:03:11,660
>> U hekk komuni ħafna fil-
industrija huwa li jiddeskrivi

1340
01:03:11,660 --> 01:03:14,000
-ħin up tiegħek f'termini ta 'nines.

1341
01:03:14,000 --> 01:03:18,610
U sort tal-mira
li jaspiraw li huwa 99.999%

1342
01:03:18,610 --> 01:03:21,580
tal-ħin sit tiegħek huwa online.

1343
01:03:21,580 --> 01:03:24,170
Jew anki aħjar, żid
Ftit aktar nines għal dan.

1344
01:03:24,170 --> 01:03:28,159
Sfortunatament, dawn
nines huma għaljin ħafna.

1345
01:03:28,159 --> 01:03:29,450
U ejja fil-fatt jagħmlu dan.

1346
01:03:29,450 --> 01:03:35,510
Mela jekk jien jiftħu kalkulatur kbir tiegħi għal darb'oħra,
365 jum fis-sena, 24 siegħa kuljum,

1347
01:03:35,510 --> 01:03:44,780
60 minuta siegħa, u
60 sekonda fil-minuta,

1348
01:03:44,780 --> 01:03:48,690
li kif ħafna sekondi hemm
f'sena jekk I ma 'dan b'mod korrett.

1349
01:03:48,690 --> 01:03:55,740
Mela jekk aħna drabi dan billi 0.99999, li
kemm ħin irridu jaspiraw li.

1350
01:03:55,740 --> 01:04:00,600
Allura dan ifisser għandna nkunu up
dan ħafna sekondi matul is-sena.

1351
01:04:00,600 --> 01:04:03,920
Mela jekk jien issa naqqas il
valur oriġinali, jew pjuttost

1352
01:04:03,920 --> 01:04:07,480
dan il-valur il-ġdid mill-
first-- 316 sekondi,

1353
01:04:07,480 --> 01:04:09,640
li naturalment huwa ħames minuti.

1354
01:04:09,640 --> 01:04:13,770
>> Mela jekk website tiegħek jew il-kumpanija tiegħek hija
titlob "ħames nines," li bihom int

1355
01:04:13,770 --> 01:04:17,050
sa 99.99% tal-ħin,
dan ifisser li inti aħjar

1356
01:04:17,050 --> 01:04:23,470
kienu intelliġenti biżżejjed u ta 'malajr
biżżejjed u flush biżżejjed b'riżorsi

1357
01:04:23,470 --> 01:04:27,890
li s-servers tiegħek huma biss offline
ħames minuti mill-sena.

1358
01:04:27,890 --> 01:04:29,980
Huwa ta 'għalja u
ħaġa iebsa li jaspiraw li.

1359
01:04:29,980 --> 01:04:31,430
>> Allura huwa kummerċ off, wisq.

1360
01:04:31,430 --> 01:04:35,866
99.999% tal-ħin hija pjuttost
darn diffiċli u għaljin.

1361
01:04:35,866 --> 01:04:38,740
Ta 'ħames minutes-- inti tista bilkemm tikseb
lis-server li fiżikament jissostitwixxu

1362
01:04:38,740 --> 01:04:40,040
xi ħaġa li marret ħażin.

1363
01:04:40,040 --> 01:04:42,810
U hu għalhekk li nibdew wajers
affarijiet flimkien aktar ikkumplikati

1364
01:04:42,810 --> 01:04:48,240
apriori sabiex il-kompjuters
tista tip ta 'jiffissaw huma stess.

1365
01:04:48,240 --> 01:04:49,446
Yeah.

1366
01:04:49,446 --> 01:04:52,344
>> UDJENZA: [inaudible]

1367
01:04:52,344 --> 01:05:02,014

1368
01:05:02,014 --> 01:05:04,430
DAVID Malan: Il-problema tista '
jkunu fi kwalunkwe numru ta 'postijiet.

1369
01:05:04,430 --> 01:05:05,090
U fil fact--

1370
01:05:05,090 --> 01:05:07,101
>> UDJENZA: [inaudible]

1371
01:05:07,101 --> 01:05:08,600
DAVID Malan: Assolutament, assolutament.

1372
01:05:08,600 --> 01:05:10,720
U kif l-istampa hija
jkollna aktar ikkumplikata,

1373
01:05:10,720 --> 01:05:12,110
jista 'jkun il-servers mill-web.

1374
01:05:12,110 --> 01:05:14,690
Dan jista 'jkun il-poter li l-bini.

1375
01:05:14,690 --> 01:05:17,900
Dan jista 'jkun xi ħaġa fiżiku, bħal
-kejbils ltqajna frayed jew kicked out.

1376
01:05:17,900 --> 01:05:19,879
Dan jista 'jkun il-bażi tad-dejta
ma jkunx jirrispondi.

1377
01:05:19,879 --> 01:05:22,920
Jista 'jiġi ikunu aġġornati operat tagħhom
sistema u xi ħaġa huwa mdendlin.

1378
01:05:22,920 --> 01:05:24,634
Allura hemm tant partijiet oħra li jiċċaqilqu.

1379
01:05:24,634 --> 01:05:27,050
U għalhekk ħafna ta 'l-inġinerija
li irid imur wara dan

1380
01:05:27,050 --> 01:05:30,431
huwa verament ftit kummerċ offs, bħal kif
ħafna ħin, kemm flus huwa attwalment

1381
01:05:30,431 --> 01:05:32,930
jiswew, u liema huma l-theddid
int verament inkwetat dwar?

1382
01:05:32,930 --> 01:05:35,471
Per eżempju, fil-
korsijiet ngħallem fil-Harvard,

1383
01:05:35,471 --> 01:05:38,470
nużaw ħafna ta 'cloud computing, li
aħna ser tibda tieħu ħarsa lejn issa,

1384
01:05:38,470 --> 01:05:41,107
fil-fatt, fejn nużaw
Amazon Web Services.

1385
01:05:41,107 --> 01:05:42,940
Sempliċiment għax dak l-
wieħed bdejna bil.

1386
01:05:42,940 --> 01:05:45,856
Imma dejjem aktar hemmhekk f'dawn il-jiem
mill-Google u Microsoft u oħrajn.

1387
01:05:45,856 --> 01:05:50,030
U aħna konxjament jagħżlu li jitqiegħdu kollha
ta 'magni virtwali korsijiet tagħna,

1388
01:05:50,030 --> 01:05:55,400
kif dawn qed jissejjaħ, fil-naħseb
huwa tal-Punent Virginia data center.

1389
01:05:55,400 --> 01:05:57,560
Ħafna mill-istudenti tagħna
jiġri li jkun minn tal-Istati Uniti,

1390
01:05:57,560 --> 01:05:59,820
għalkemm hemm ċertament
xi internazzjonalment.

1391
01:05:59,820 --> 01:06:02,630
>> Iżda r-realtà hija li huwa biss
aktar sempliċi u huwa irħas għalina

1392
01:06:02,630 --> 01:06:05,540
biex jitqiegħdu kollha ta 'bajd tagħna
fil-basket Virginia,

1393
01:06:05,540 --> 01:06:08,050
anke jekk naf jekk xi ħaġa
tmur ħażin fil Virginia,

1394
01:06:08,050 --> 01:06:12,760
kif għandha kultant happened-- simili
jekk ikun hemm uragan jew xi temp

1395
01:06:12,760 --> 01:06:15,890
F'każ bħal dan, jekk ikun hemm xi
qawwa ħruġ grilja jew l like-- kollha

1396
01:06:15,890 --> 01:06:20,240
tad-dejta korsijiet tagħna "jista 'jmur offline
għal xi wħud numru ta 'minuti jew ta' sigħat

1397
01:06:20,240 --> 01:06:21,600
jew saħansitra itwal.

1398
01:06:21,600 --> 01:06:24,020
>> Iżda l-ammont ta 'kumplessità
li tkun meħtieġa,

1399
01:06:24,020 --> 01:06:26,895
u l-ammont ta 'flus li kieku
ikunu meħtieġa, biex joperaw kollox

1400
01:06:26,895 --> 01:06:31,420
b'mod parallel fl-Ewropa jew fil-California
biss ma jagħmilx sens tant.

1401
01:06:31,420 --> 01:06:35,080
Allura huwa kummerċ razzjonali
off, iżda waħda bl-uġigħ

1402
01:06:35,080 --> 01:06:37,740
meta int fil-fatt
wara li perijodi ta 'waqfien.

1403
01:06:37,740 --> 01:06:41,830
>> Ukoll, ejja tranżizzjoni dritt issa biex
xi wħud mill-soluzzjonijiet ibbażati fuq sħaba

1404
01:06:41,830 --> 01:06:43,320
għal xi wħud minn dawn il-problemi.

1405
01:06:43,320 --> 01:06:45,040
Kollox aħna kont qed
jiddiskutu s'issa

1406
01:06:45,040 --> 01:06:47,527
huwa tip ta 'problemi li għandhom
kienu magħna għal xi żmien,

1407
01:06:47,527 --> 01:06:49,610
jekk għandek tiegħek stess
servers fil-kumpanija tiegħek,

1408
01:06:49,610 --> 01:06:52,740
jekk inti tmur għal ko-lokazzjoni
poġġi bħal ċentru tad-data u s-sehem

1409
01:06:52,740 --> 01:06:55,110
ispazju ma 'xi ħadd ieħor,
jew illum fil-sħaba.

1410
01:06:55,110 --> 01:06:57,040
>> U x'hemm sbieħ dwar
-sħaba hija li kollha

1411
01:06:57,040 --> 01:06:59,540
ta 'dawn l-affarijiet jien
tpinġija bħala oġġetti fiżiċi

1412
01:06:59,540 --> 01:07:02,400
issa jistgħu jiġu meqjusa bħala
tip ta 'oġġetti virtwali

1413
01:07:02,400 --> 01:07:04,659
fil-sħaba li huma
simulati ma 'softwer.

1414
01:07:04,659 --> 01:07:07,700
Fi kliem ieħor, il-kompjuters llum,
servers illum, bħall-istampa Dell

1415
01:07:07,700 --> 01:07:11,720
I wera qabel, huma daqstant b'mod mgħaġġel, ikollhom
tant RAM, tant CPU, tant disk

1416
01:07:11,720 --> 01:07:16,140
ispazju, li n-nies kitbu
software biex partition virtwalment

1417
01:07:16,140 --> 01:07:21,130
wieħed server up fis-illużjoni ta 'dan
qed żewġ servers, jew 200 servers, hekk

1418
01:07:21,130 --> 01:07:24,150
li kull wieħed minna klijenti
għandha l-illużjoni ta 'wara

1419
01:07:24,150 --> 01:07:29,110
mhux biss kont fuq xi web
ospitanti, iżda magna tagħna stess li aħna qed

1420
01:07:29,110 --> 01:07:30,490
kiri minn xi ħadd ieħor.

1421
01:07:30,490 --> 01:07:34,140
>> Imma hija magna virtwali fil
safejn fuq is-server Dell waħda,

1422
01:07:34,140 --> 01:07:39,160
mill-ġdid jista 'jkun maqsum up fis
tnejn jew 200 jew aktar magni virtwali,

1423
01:07:39,160 --> 01:07:43,770
li kollha tagħti xi ħadd amministrattiva
aċċess, imma b'mod fejn l-ebda wieħed minna

1424
01:07:43,770 --> 01:07:48,040
jaf jew jista 'jkollu aċċess ieħor virtwali
Magni fuq l-istess ħardwer.

1425
01:07:48,040 --> 01:07:53,430
Allura li żebgħa stampa fil slajds tal-lum,
Għandi dan il shot hawn minn websajt

1426
01:07:53,430 --> 01:07:54,160
imsejħa Docker.

1427
01:07:54,160 --> 01:07:56,970
>> Allura dan huwa xi ftit aktar
Dettall minn għandna attwalment ħtieġa.

1428
01:07:56,970 --> 01:07:59,830
Imma jekk inti tara dan bħala
infrastructure-- tiegħek

1429
01:07:59,830 --> 01:08:02,910
hekk biss l-hardware tiegħek stess,
servers tiegħek,-ixtillieri, id-data

1430
01:08:02,910 --> 01:08:06,480
ċentru, u kollha ta 'that-- inti
tipikament tmexxi sistema operattiva ospitanti.

1431
01:08:06,480 --> 01:08:08,275
Allura xi ħaġa like-- jista 'jkun Windows.

1432
01:08:08,275 --> 01:08:09,430
Ma jkunx Mac OS.

1433
01:08:09,430 --> 01:08:11,430
Minħabba li mhux verament
intrapriża dawn il-jiem.

1434
01:08:11,430 --> 01:08:15,670
Għalhekk ikun Linux jew Solaris
jew Unix jew BSD jew FreeBSD

1435
01:08:15,670 --> 01:08:19,779
jew kwalunkwe numru ta 'sistemi operattivi oħra
li huma b'xejn jew kummerċjali.

1436
01:08:19,779 --> 01:08:22,120
>> U allura inti tmexxi
programm, programm speċjali,

1437
01:08:22,120 --> 01:08:26,479
imsejħa hypervisor, jew
tissorvelja magna virtwali, VMM.

1438
01:08:26,479 --> 01:08:31,649
U dawn huma prodotti, jekk int
familjari, bħal VMware jew VirtualBox

1439
01:08:31,649 --> 01:08:34,080
jew virtwali PC jew oħrajn.

1440
01:08:34,080 --> 01:08:38,430
U x'inhuma dawn il-programmi tagħmel huwa eżattament
dik il-karatteristika I deskritt qabel.

1441
01:08:38,430 --> 01:08:41,779
Hija toħloq l-illużjoni
li l-apparat fiżiku wieħed

1442
01:08:41,779 --> 01:08:44,550
jista 'jkun magni virtwali multipli.

1443
01:08:44,550 --> 01:08:48,260
>> U hekk dawn il-kaxxi mlewna up ewlenija hija
pittura stampa minn dawn li ġejjin.

1444
01:08:48,260 --> 01:08:50,260
Dan il-hypervisor, dan
biċċa ta 'softwer, sejħa hija

1445
01:08:50,260 --> 01:08:54,090
VMware, li jaħdem fuq xi oħra
sistema operattiva, sejħa hija Linux,

1446
01:08:54,090 --> 01:08:56,910
qed toħloq l-illużjoni li
dan il-kompjuter fiżika hija attwalment

1447
01:08:56,910 --> 01:09:00,149
wieħed, tnejn, tlieta kompjuters virtwali.

1448
01:09:00,149 --> 01:09:04,270
Allura stajt issa xtara, bħala s-sid ta '
dan il ħardwer, kompjuter wieħed fiżiku.

1449
01:09:04,270 --> 01:09:06,200
U issa jien kiri
dan għal tliet klijenti.

1450
01:09:06,200 --> 01:09:09,731
>> U dawk it-tliet klijenti jaħsbu
dawn ikollhom magna virtwali dedikat.

1451
01:09:09,731 --> 01:09:10,939
U mhuwiex bait and switch.

1452
01:09:10,939 --> 01:09:13,750
Huwa aktar divulgazzjoni dik
inti qed tuża magna virtwali.

1453
01:09:13,750 --> 01:09:17,589
Iżda teknoloġikament, aħna kollha
jkollhom kontroll amministrattiv sħiħ

1454
01:09:17,589 --> 01:09:19,880
fuq kull wieħed minn dawk mistieden
sistemi li joperaw, li jistgħu

1455
01:09:19,880 --> 01:09:21,370
jkun kull numru ta 'sistemi operattivi.

1456
01:09:21,370 --> 01:09:23,029
>> I tista 'tinstalla xejn irrid.

1457
01:09:23,029 --> 01:09:24,640
I tista 'titjieb bħala irrid.

1458
01:09:24,640 --> 01:09:27,470
U jien lanqas biss tkun taf jew
kura dwar il-operattiv ieħor

1459
01:09:27,470 --> 01:09:29,678
sistemi fuq li l-kompjuter,
-magni virtwali oħra,

1460
01:09:29,678 --> 01:09:35,290
sakemm is-sid ta 'dan kollu griż
Jittieħed qed ftit greedy

1461
01:09:35,290 --> 01:09:37,540
U overselling riżorsi tiegħu jew tagħha.

1462
01:09:37,540 --> 01:09:40,800
>> Mela jekk inti qed tieħu waħda
magna fiżika u jbiegħu

1463
01:09:40,800 --> 01:09:44,399
li mhux 200 imma 400
klijenti, f'xi punt

1464
01:09:44,399 --> 01:09:47,270
aħna qed tmur għall-vjaġġ in dawk
istess kwistjonijiet ta 'prestazzjoni bħal qabel.

1465
01:09:47,270 --> 01:09:50,460
Għaliex inti biss għandek finit
ammont ta 'disk u RAM, u ibqa' sejjer hekk.

1466
01:09:50,460 --> 01:09:53,450
U magna virtwali
huwa biss programm li l-

1467
01:09:53,450 --> 01:09:56,140
feint tkun
kompjuter żviluppata sħiħa.

1468
01:09:56,140 --> 01:09:58,040
Allura ikollok dak li inti tħallas għall hawn.

1469
01:09:58,040 --> 01:10:02,150
>> Allura inti ser issib online inti tista 'tħallas
kumpannija ta 'fama forsi $ 100 fix-xahar

1470
01:10:02,150 --> 01:10:05,660
għall-magna virtwali tiegħek stess, jew
stess server privati ​​tiegħek virtwali,

1471
01:10:05,660 --> 01:10:07,090
li huwa terminu ieħor għal dan.

1472
01:10:07,090 --> 01:10:10,400
Jew inti tista 'ssib xi fly permezz
lejl fejn inti tħallas $ 5.99 fix-xahar

1473
01:10:10,400 --> 01:10:12,080
għall-magna virtwali tiegħek stess.

1474
01:10:12,080 --> 01:10:15,614
Imma odds huma inti ma għandekx kważi
kemm prestazzjoni disponibbli lilek,

1475
01:10:15,614 --> 01:10:18,530
minħabba li ħadthom ġew overselling lilha
hekk, minn inti ma 'l-ogħla

1476
01:10:18,530 --> 01:10:22,340
saff tan-notifika jew il-bejjiegħ aħjar.

1477
01:10:22,340 --> 01:10:24,590
>> Allura dak li jfisser dan fil-fatt tfisser għalina?

1478
01:10:24,590 --> 01:10:26,110
So let me go għal dan.

1479
01:10:26,110 --> 01:10:29,580
Jien se jmorru għall aws.amazon.com.

1480
01:10:29,580 --> 01:10:31,590
Sempliċiment għax iridu
menu sbieħ ta 'għażliet.

1481
01:10:31,590 --> 01:10:34,700
Iżda dawn l-istess lezzjonijiet japplikaw għal
mazz sħiħ ta 'bejjiegħa sħaba oħra.

1482
01:10:34,700 --> 01:10:38,201
Sfortunatament, huwa spiss aktar
kummerċjalizzazzjoni jitkellmu minn kull ħaġa oħra.

1483
01:10:38,201 --> 01:10:39,200
U dan jżomm jinbidlu.

1484
01:10:39,200 --> 01:10:41,820
Allura inti tmur għal websajt bħal dan.

1485
01:10:41,820 --> 01:10:44,560
U dan verament ma
jgħidlek ħafna ta 'xejn.

1486
01:10:44,560 --> 01:10:47,780
>> U anke jien, kif I ħarsa lejn din, ma
verament jafu liema kwalunkwe minn dawn l-affarijiet

1487
01:10:47,780 --> 01:10:49,334
neċessarjament do sal I adsa.

1488
01:10:49,334 --> 01:10:50,875
Imma ejja nibdew fuq ix-xellug, ikkalkula.

1489
01:10:50,875 --> 01:10:52,980
U jien ser għal dan ikklikkja.

1490
01:10:52,980 --> 01:10:56,960
U issa Amazon għandha franchement ta '
Numru kbir ta 'servizzi

1491
01:10:56,960 --> 01:10:57,960
illum il-ġurnata.

1492
01:10:57,960 --> 01:11:01,040
Iżda Amazon EC2 hija forsi l-aktar sempliċi.

1493
01:11:01,040 --> 01:11:05,840
>> Amazon EC2 se toħloq għalina eżattament
-istampa rajna mument ilu.

1494
01:11:05,840 --> 01:11:10,240
Huwa mod kif dawn jagħmlu ħafna ta '
flus tagħhom fil-sħaba.

1495
01:11:10,240 --> 01:11:12,910
Apparentement Netflix u oħrajn
huma fil-sħaba magħhom.

1496
01:11:12,910 --> 01:11:16,260
Din hija kollha tipikament
fluffy jitkellmu kummerċjalizzazzjoni.

1497
01:11:16,260 --> 01:11:19,720
Allura dak li nixtieq tagħmel hu li tmur għall Pricing--
jew pjuttost ejja mur Każijiet

1498
01:11:19,720 --> 01:11:23,790
ewwel biss li jagħti stampa ta 'din il-.

1499
01:11:23,790 --> 01:11:25,800
>> Allura dan se jvarjaw minn bejjiegħ.

1500
01:11:25,800 --> 01:11:29,590
U aħna ma bżonn li tikseb wisq fil-fond fil
l-ħaxix ħażin hawn 'kif dan xogħlijiet kollha.

1501
01:11:29,590 --> 01:11:34,720
Iżda l-mod Amażonja, per eżempju,
tikri inti magna virtwali jew server

1502
01:11:34,720 --> 01:11:37,200
fil-sħaba hija li ħadthom ltqajna
dawn it-tip ta 'ismijiet umoristiċi,

1503
01:11:37,200 --> 01:11:41,000
bħall t2.nano, li jfisser żgħar,
jew t2.large, li jfisser kbar.

1504
01:11:41,000 --> 01:11:43,970
Kull wieħed minnhom jagħtik jew
wieħed jew tnejn CPUs virtwali.

1505
01:11:43,970 --> 01:11:45,470
>> Għaliex huwa CPU virtwali?

1506
01:11:45,470 --> 01:11:49,440
Ukoll, il-magna fiżika tista
jkollhom 64 jew aktar mikroproċessuri attwali.

1507
01:11:49,440 --> 01:11:52,125
Iżda għal darb'oħra, permezz ta 'software,
dawn joħolqu l-illużjoni

1508
01:11:52,125 --> 01:11:55,410
li li l-apparat wieħed jista 'jkun
divvied sa utenti multipli.

1509
01:11:55,410 --> 01:11:58,765
Allura nistgħu naħsbu ta 'dan bħala
wara CPU Intel wieħed jew tnejn.

1510
01:11:58,765 --> 01:12:01,290
krediti CPU għal kull hour-- nixtieq
għandek taqra l-istampar multa

1511
01:12:01,290 --> 01:12:02,581
dwar din xi fatt tfisser.

1512
01:12:02,581 --> 01:12:05,850
Dan ifisser kemm tal-magna
inti tista 'tuża kull siegħa vis-a-vis

1513
01:12:05,850 --> 01:12:07,730
klijenti oħra fuq dik l-hardware.

1514
01:12:07,730 --> 01:12:11,560
>> Hawn kemm RAM jew memorja inti
get-- jew nofs gigabyte, jew 500

1515
01:12:11,560 --> 01:12:14,120
megabytes, jew 1 gigabyte, jew 2.

1516
01:12:14,120 --> 01:12:17,390
U allura l-ħażna biss jirreferi għall
liema tip ta 'diski li jagħtuk.

1517
01:12:17,390 --> 01:12:19,950
Hemm ħażna differenti
teknoloġiji li huma joffru.

1518
01:12:19,950 --> 01:12:22,870
Iżda aktar interessanti minn hekk
allura tista 'tkun l-ipprezzar.

1519
01:12:22,870 --> 01:12:25,860
>> Mela jekk inti l-CTO jew
inġinier li ma

1520
01:12:25,860 --> 01:12:28,420
tixtieq li tmexxi server tiegħek
uffiċċju, għal kwalunkwe raġuni,

1521
01:12:28,420 --> 01:12:30,230
u huwa mod wisq
ikkumplikati jew għaljin

1522
01:12:30,230 --> 01:12:33,930
li jixtru servers u ko-jsibu lilhom u
tħallas il-kera fil xi spazju gaġġa fiżiku

1523
01:12:33,930 --> 01:12:36,670
somewhere-- inti biss tixtieq li tiltaqa
fil-laptop tiegħek tard bil-lejl,

1524
01:12:36,670 --> 01:12:40,480
tip fl-informazzjoni tiegħek karta ta 'kreditu,
u s-servers kera fil-cloud-- ukoll,

1525
01:12:40,480 --> 01:12:41,920
nistgħu nagħmlu dan hawnhekk.

1526
01:12:41,920 --> 01:12:45,769
Jien ser jinżlu to-- Linux
huwa sistema operattiva popolari.

1527
01:12:45,769 --> 01:12:47,310
U ejja biss jiksbu sens ta 'affarijiet.

1528
01:12:47,310 --> 01:12:48,990
Whoops-- kbir wisq.

1529
01:12:48,990 --> 01:12:53,670
>> Mela ejja nħarsu lejn tiniest tagħhom
magna virtwali, li jidher li jkollhom,

1530
01:12:53,670 --> 01:12:57,440
għall-għanijiet tagħna, wieħed CPU
u 500 megabytes tal-RAM.

1531
01:12:57,440 --> 01:12:58,440
Li pretty żgħar.

1532
01:12:58,440 --> 01:13:00,820
Iżda franchement, servers mill-web ma
bżonn tagħmel dak kollu li ħafna.

1533
01:13:00,820 --> 01:13:02,630
Inti għandek specs aħjar fil-laptop tiegħek.

1534
01:13:02,630 --> 01:13:04,990
Imma inti m'għandekx bżonn dawk
specs f'dawn il-jiem għal affarijiet.

1535
01:13:04,990 --> 01:13:11,490
Inti qed tmur biex tħallas $ 0.0065 għal kull siegħa.

1536
01:13:11,490 --> 01:13:12,080
>> Mela ejja ara.

1537
01:13:12,080 --> 01:13:15,970
Jekk ikun hemm 24 siegħa kuljum, u
aħna qed tħallas dan ħafna fis-siegħa,

1538
01:13:15,970 --> 01:13:20,680
se jiswik $ 0.15 għall-kera li
partikolari server fil-sħaba.

1539
01:13:20,680 --> 01:13:22,210
U dan huwa biss għal jum.

1540
01:13:22,210 --> 01:13:27,050
Jekk nagħmlu dan 365-- $ 57 sa
kera server partikolari.

1541
01:13:27,050 --> 01:13:28,420
Allura ħsejjes super cheap.

1542
01:13:28,420 --> 01:13:31,100
>> Li wkoll prestazzjoni baxxa super.

1543
01:13:31,100 --> 01:13:37,169
Allura aħna, għall-korsijiet ngħallem hawn, it-tendenza
għall-użu Naħseb t2.smalls jew t2.mediums.

1544
01:13:37,169 --> 01:13:39,960
U aħna jista 'jkollhom ftit mijiet
utenti, ftit eluf utenti, total.

1545
01:13:39,960 --> 01:13:40,900
Huwa pjuttost modesta.

1546
01:13:40,900 --> 01:13:42,360
Mela ejja ara dak li dan ikun jiswa.

1547
01:13:42,360 --> 01:13:49,260
Mela jekk jien tagħmel dan darbiet ispiża 24
sigħat żminijiet 365, dan wieħed $ 225.

1548
01:13:49,260 --> 01:13:51,160
U għall-korsijiet
I jgħallmu, aħna ġeneralment

1549
01:13:51,160 --> 01:13:54,970
amministraw tnejn ta 'kollox, per
redundancy u wkoll għall-prestazzjoni.

1550
01:13:54,970 --> 01:13:59,230
Allura nistgħu jonfqu, għalhekk,
$ 500 għal-servers

1551
01:13:59,230 --> 01:14:00,860
li għandna jistgħu jeħtieġu kull sena.

1552
01:14:00,860 --> 01:14:05,210
>> Issa, jekk inti teħtieġ aktar performance--
ejja tagħti ħarsa lejn memorja.

1553
01:14:05,210 --> 01:14:06,810
Imxejna tkellem dwar memorja pjuttost ftit.

1554
01:14:06,810 --> 01:14:09,330
U jekk inti teħtieġ aktar
memory-- u 64 gigabytes

1555
01:14:09,330 --> 01:14:12,310
huwa n-numru I tinżamm mentioning--
dan huwa kważi $ 1 għal kull siegħa.

1556
01:14:12,310 --> 01:14:16,180
U inti tista 'pretty malajr tara fejn
dan il goes-- hekk 24 siegħa darbiet 365.

1557
01:14:16,180 --> 01:14:20,580
Allura issa huwa $ 8000 kull sena
għal server pretty deċenti.

1558
01:14:20,580 --> 01:14:23,010
>> Allura f'xi punt, hemm
dan il-punt inflessjoni

1559
01:14:23,010 --> 01:14:29,510
fejn issa nistgħu jonfqu $ 6000
probabbilment u jixtru magna bħal dik

1560
01:14:29,510 --> 01:14:33,800
u tamortizza l-ispiża tagħha fuq forsi tnejn,
tliet snin, il-ħajja tal-magna.

1561
01:14:33,800 --> 01:14:38,880
Imma dak li jista 'push inti fis
jiffavorixxu jew disfavor ta 'kiri

1562
01:14:38,880 --> 01:14:41,230
magna fil-sħaba bħal din?

1563
01:14:41,230 --> 01:14:44,110
Għal darb'oħra, dan huwa komparabbli, probabbilment,
lil wieħed minn dawn il-servers Dell

1564
01:14:44,110 --> 01:14:47,208
aħna raw stampa daqsxejn ilu.

1565
01:14:47,208 --> 01:14:51,016
>> UDJENZA: [inaudible]

1566
01:14:51,016 --> 01:14:54,350

1567
01:14:54,350 --> 01:14:56,190
>> DAVID Malan: Yeah, li l-rasu enormi.

1568
01:14:56,190 --> 01:14:58,640
Għaliex aħna mhux qed jixtru l-
magna, aħna ma jkollhomx biex unbox dan.

1569
01:14:58,640 --> 01:14:59,600
Aħna ma jkollhom lift.

1570
01:14:59,600 --> 01:15:01,110
Aħna ma jkollhom biex plagg fil rack tagħna.

1571
01:15:01,110 --> 01:15:02,080
Aħna ma jkollhom plagg fil.

1572
01:15:02,080 --> 01:15:03,140
Aħna ma jkollhom iħallsu
il-kont elettriku.

1573
01:15:03,140 --> 01:15:05,120
>> Aħna ma jkollhom biex inbiddlu
l-arja kondizzjonata dwar.

1574
01:15:05,120 --> 01:15:07,620
Meta hard drive tmut, aħna ma jkollhomx
li jsuq fit fin-nofs tal-lejl

1575
01:15:07,620 --> 01:15:08,172
li tiffissa lilha.

1576
01:15:08,172 --> 01:15:09,630
Aħna ma jkollhom biex jitwaqqaf monitoraġġ.

1577
01:15:09,630 --> 01:15:13,750
Aħna ma jkollhomx to-- l-lista tkompli
u fuq kollox ta 'l-affarijiet fiżiċi

1578
01:15:13,750 --> 01:15:15,810
inti m'għandekx bżonn tagħmel
minħabba "l-sħaba."

1579
01:15:15,810 --> 01:15:18,620
>> U biex ikunu ċari, kompjuters sħaba
huwa dan it-terminu Overused ħafna.

1580
01:15:18,620 --> 01:15:22,790
Huwa verament ifisser biss li jħallsu lil xi ħadd
inkella jiddekorri servers għalik,

1581
01:15:22,790 --> 01:15:25,300
jew kiri ta 'spazju fuq
servers xi ħadd ieħor.

1582
01:15:25,300 --> 01:15:27,110
Allura l-kelma "cloud computing" huwa ġdid.

1583
01:15:27,110 --> 01:15:30,260
L-idea hi deċennji qodma.

1584
01:15:30,260 --> 01:15:32,070
Allura dak pjuttost konvinċenti.

1585
01:15:32,070 --> 01:15:33,960
>> U dak li aktar tista 'tikseb?

1586
01:15:33,960 --> 01:15:38,287
Ukoll, inti tirċievi wkoll il-ħila biex
jagħmlu dak kollu fuq laptop fid-dar.

1587
01:15:38,287 --> 01:15:40,620
Fi kliem ieħor, dawn kollha li
stampi I kien biss drawing--

1588
01:15:40,620 --> 01:15:44,010
u ma kienx dak twil ilu li anki
I kien crawling madwar fuq l-art server

1589
01:15:44,010 --> 01:15:46,680
fejn jitwaħħal il-kejbils in għall
kull waħda mill-linji li tara,

1590
01:15:46,680 --> 01:15:49,590
u aġġornament tal-operat
sistemi, u li qed jinbidlu drives madwar.

1591
01:15:49,590 --> 01:15:51,610
Hemm ħafna ta '
fiżiċità kollha ta 'dak.

1592
01:15:51,610 --> 01:15:55,300
>> Imma x'hemm sbieħ dwar virtwali
magni, l-isem tip ta jissuġġerixxi,

1593
01:15:55,300 --> 01:15:57,600
issa hemm fuq l-internet
Interfaces li permezz tagħha

1594
01:15:57,600 --> 01:15:59,900
jekk inti tixtieq l-ekwivalenti
ta 'linja minn dan is-server

1595
01:15:59,900 --> 01:16:03,959
għall-ieħor, biss tip, tip, tip,
ikklikkja u drag, ikklikkja Submit, u voila,

1596
01:16:03,959 --> 01:16:05,250
ikollok fili up prattikament.

1597
01:16:05,250 --> 01:16:07,235
Minħabba dan kollu jsir fis-software.

1598
01:16:07,235 --> 01:16:09,110
U r-raġuni huwa magħmul
fis-software hija għal darb'oħra

1599
01:16:09,110 --> 01:16:12,650
għaliex għandna RAM tant u hekk
ħafna CPU disponibbli lilna f'dawn il-jiem,

1600
01:16:12,650 --> 01:16:14,880
minkejja kollha ta '
li Jittieħed jieħu ż-żmien,

1601
01:16:14,880 --> 01:16:18,450
huwa kajman biex imexxu l-affarijiet
fis-software minn hardware,

1602
01:16:18,450 --> 01:16:23,710
bħalma huwa kajman li tuża mekkaniku
apparat bħal hard drive milli RAM,

1603
01:16:23,710 --> 01:16:25,190
xi ħaġa purament elettroniċi.

1604
01:16:25,190 --> 01:16:27,490
Għandna tant riżorsi
disponibbli lilna.

1605
01:16:27,490 --> 01:16:29,920
Aħna bnedmin huma tip ta 'invariantly kajman.

1606
01:16:29,920 --> 01:16:33,840
U għalhekk issa l-magni jistgħu jagħmlu
tant aktar għal kull unità ta 'ħin.

1607
01:16:33,840 --> 01:16:36,640
Għandna dawn l-abbiltajiet
biex tagħmel affarijiet prattikament.

1608
01:16:36,640 --> 01:16:39,120
>> U jien ser ngħid għal korsijiet
I jgħallmu, per eżempju, hawn,

1609
01:16:39,120 --> 01:16:43,464
aħna għandna madwar forsi tużżana jew
hekk totali ta 'magni virtwali

1610
01:16:43,464 --> 01:16:45,880
bħal dik running fi kwalunkwe partikolari
ħin tagħmel Jittieħed tarf ta 'quddiem,

1611
01:16:45,880 --> 01:16:47,620
tagħmel lura Jittieħed aħħar.

1612
01:16:47,620 --> 01:16:50,237
Aħna kollha ta 'ħażna tagħna.

1613
01:16:50,237 --> 01:16:52,820
Allura xi videos, inklużi affarijiet
bħal dan li aħna qed isparar,

1614
01:16:52,820 --> 01:16:54,330
aħna jispiċċaw tqegħid fis-sħaba.

1615
01:16:54,330 --> 01:16:58,710
Amazon għandha Servizzi ta imsejħa Amazon S3,
ħażna tas-servizz sempliċi tagħhom, li

1616
01:16:58,710 --> 01:17:00,397
huwa bħad-ispazju disk fil-sħaba.

1617
01:17:00,397 --> 01:17:02,230
Huma għandhom xi ħaġa
Imsejħa CloudFront, li

1618
01:17:02,230 --> 01:17:06,040
huwa servizz CDN, Kontenut
servizz Netwerk Kunsinna, li

1619
01:17:06,040 --> 01:17:10,190
jfisser li jieħdu kollha ta 'fajls tiegħek u
għalik automagically jirreplika dan

1620
01:17:10,190 --> 01:17:11,290
madwar id-dinja.

1621
01:17:11,290 --> 01:17:12,780
>> Allura ma jagħmlux dan preemptively.

1622
01:17:12,780 --> 01:17:15,159
Iżda l-ewwel darba li xi ħadd
fl-Indja jitlob fajl tiegħek,

1623
01:17:15,159 --> 01:17:16,700
dawn ser potenzjalment cache dan lokalment.

1624
01:17:16,700 --> 01:17:19,325
L-ewwel darba fiċ-Ċina, il-
ewwel darba fil-Brażil li jiġri,

1625
01:17:19,325 --> 01:17:20,880
dawn ser jibdew caching dan lokalment.

1626
01:17:20,880 --> 01:17:22,730
U inti ma għandekx tagħmel xi ta 'dak.

1627
01:17:22,730 --> 01:17:26,710
U għalhekk huwa tant oerhört
konvinċenti dawn il-jiem biex jiċċaqalqu l-affarijiet

1628
01:17:26,710 --> 01:17:27,890
fil-sħaba.

1629
01:17:27,890 --> 01:17:31,890
Għaliex inti għandek din il-ħila litteralment
li ma jkollhomx nies qed jagħmlu kważi daqs

1630
01:17:31,890 --> 01:17:32,390
xogħol.

1631
01:17:32,390 --> 01:17:35,930
U inti litteralment ma għandekx bżonn kemm
bnedmin jagħmlu dawn l-impjiegi anymore--

1632
01:17:35,930 --> 01:17:38,450
"ops," jew rwoli operattivi, jibqgħalu.

1633
01:17:38,450 --> 01:17:43,150
Int verament biss bżonn
iżviluppaturi u inqas inġiniera

1634
01:17:43,150 --> 01:17:44,840
li tista 'biss tagħmel affarijiet prattikament.

1635
01:17:44,840 --> 01:17:46,590
Fil-fatt, just biex jagħtu
sens ta 'dan,

1636
01:17:46,590 --> 01:17:51,800
let me go għall-ipprezzar għal
prodott wieħed ieħor hawnhekk.

1637
01:17:51,800 --> 01:17:58,170
Ejja naraw xi ħaġa simili CDN S3.

1638
01:17:58,170 --> 01:18:01,140
Allura dan huwa essenzjalment
virtwali hard drive fil-sħaba.

1639
01:18:01,140 --> 01:18:14,360
U jekk aħna iscroll biex pricing--
dan huwa 0.007 $ kull gigabyte.

1640
01:18:14,360 --> 01:18:16,300
U that's-- kif nistgħu nagħmlu dan?

1641
01:18:16,300 --> 01:18:17,410
Naħseb li kull xahar.

1642
01:18:17,410 --> 01:18:21,530
>> Mela jekk dan huwa kull month-- jew għal kull ġurnata?

1643
01:18:21,530 --> 01:18:23,200
Dan, hija din kuljum?

1644
01:18:23,200 --> 01:18:24,700
Dan huwa kull xahar, OK.

1645
01:18:24,700 --> 01:18:28,280
Mela jekk dan ikun għal kull month--
sorry, huwa l-$ 0.03 kull xahar.

1646
01:18:28,280 --> 01:18:29,820
Hemm 12-il xahar mill-sena.

1647
01:18:29,820 --> 01:18:32,250
Allura kemm tad-data tista '
inti jaħżen fil-sħaba?

1648
01:18:32,250 --> 01:18:37,410
A gigabyte mhix enormi, imma jien
ma nafx, bħal 1 terabyte,

1649
01:18:37,410 --> 01:18:38,460
hekk bħal 1,000 minn dawn.

1650
01:18:38,460 --> 01:18:39,501
Li mhux kollha li ħafna.

1651
01:18:39,501 --> 01:18:44,382
Huwa $ 368 tad taħżen terabyte
ta 'dejta fis sħaba Amazon.

1652
01:18:44,382 --> 01:18:46,090
Allura dak li huma wħud mill
l kompromessi, allura?

1653
01:18:46,090 --> 01:18:47,970
Ma jistax kollha tkun tajba.

1654
01:18:47,970 --> 01:18:52,260
Xejn konna tkellimna dwar llum hija
tip ta mingħajr qabda jew spiża.

1655
01:18:52,260 --> 01:18:55,269
Allura x'hemm ħażin dwar jiċċaqilqu
kollox fis-sħaba?

1656
01:18:55,269 --> 01:18:56,060
UDJENZA: Sigurtà.

1657
01:18:56,060 --> 01:18:57,721
DAVID Malan: OK, liema do you jfisser?

1658
01:18:57,721 --> 01:18:58,596
UDJENZA: [inaudible]

1659
01:18:58,596 --> 01:19:01,589

1660
01:19:01,589 --> 01:19:02,630
DAVID Malan: Yeah, id-dritt.

1661
01:19:02,630 --> 01:19:05,130
U do int verament tixtieq
xi inġiniera każwali

1662
01:19:05,130 --> 01:19:08,750
fil-Amazon li int qatt ser jiltaqa jkollhom
aċċess fiżiku għal dawk il-kompjuters,

1663
01:19:08,750 --> 01:19:11,010
u jekk verament
mfittxija, aċċess virtwali?

1664
01:19:11,010 --> 01:19:15,070
U anki jekk fil
teorija software-- sew,

1665
01:19:15,070 --> 01:19:17,442
encryption jista assolutament
tipproteġik kontra dan.

1666
01:19:17,442 --> 01:19:19,150
Mela jekk dak li int
ħażna fuq servers tiegħek

1667
01:19:19,150 --> 01:19:21,470
huwa encrypted-- inqas ta 'tħassib.

1668
01:19:21,470 --> 01:19:25,010
>> Iżda hekk kif bniedem għandu fiżiku
aċċess għal magna, encryption twarrib,

1669
01:19:25,010 --> 01:19:26,100
imħatri jsiru tip ta 'off.

1670
01:19:26,100 --> 01:19:28,240
Inti tista 'taf minn imgħoddi
li PCs speċjalment,

1671
01:19:28,240 --> 01:19:30,360
anki jekk kellek dawk l-affarijiet
imsejħa "passwords BIOS,"

1672
01:19:30,360 --> 01:19:33,360
kienu meta desktop tiegħek Booted up,
youd tkun imħeġġa bil-password li

1673
01:19:33,360 --> 01:19:35,980
m'għandha x'taqsam xejn ma '
Twieqi, inti tista tipikament

1674
01:19:35,980 --> 01:19:39,750
biss tiftaħ il-xàsi tal-
magna, issib pinnijiet ftit żgħira,

1675
01:19:39,750 --> 01:19:42,240
u l-użu xi ħaġa imsejħa
jumper u biss qabbad

1676
01:19:42,240 --> 01:19:45,690
dawn iż-żewġ wajers għal madwar sekonda,
b'hekk tlestija ta 'ċirkwit.

1677
01:19:45,690 --> 01:19:47,360
U li jelimina l-password.

1678
01:19:47,360 --> 01:19:49,800
>> Allura meta jkollok aċċess fiżiku għal
apparat, inti tista 'tagħmel affarijiet bħal dik.

1679
01:19:49,800 --> 01:19:51,110
Inti tista 'tneħħi l-hard drive.

1680
01:19:51,110 --> 01:19:53,060
Inti tista 'tikseb aċċess għal dan il-mod.

1681
01:19:53,060 --> 01:19:55,442
U għalhekk dan huwa għaliex, fil
-każ ta 'Dropbox,

1682
01:19:55,442 --> 01:19:57,900
per eżempju, huwa ftit
tħassib li mhux biss huma

1683
01:19:57,900 --> 01:20:02,860
jkollhom l-informazzjoni, anki jekk huwa
kriptata, huma wkoll ikollhom il-ċavetta.

1684
01:20:02,860 --> 01:20:04,993
inkwiet oħra?

1685
01:20:04,993 --> 01:20:08,430
>> UDJENZA: [inaudible]

1686
01:20:08,430 --> 01:20:27,740

1687
01:20:27,740 --> 01:20:30,240
DAVID Malan: Yeah, huwa ferm
true-- il Google, il Tuffieħ,

1688
01:20:30,240 --> 01:20:31,406
l Microsofts tad-dinja.

1689
01:20:31,406 --> 01:20:34,400
U fil-fatt, kemm żmien għandek
kellek iPhone tiegħek għall?

1690
01:20:34,400 --> 01:20:35,885
Yeah, jagħtu jew jieħu.

1691
01:20:35,885 --> 01:20:36,760
UDJENZA: [inaudible]

1692
01:20:36,760 --> 01:20:37,780
DAVID Malan: Im sorry?

1693
01:20:37,780 --> 01:20:39,667
Inti fost dawk li
għandha iPhone, id-dritt?

1694
01:20:39,667 --> 01:20:40,250
UDJENZA: Iva.

1695
01:20:40,250 --> 01:20:42,208
DAVID Malan: Kemm idum
kellek iPhone tiegħek?

1696
01:20:42,208 --> 01:20:43,372
UDJENZA: [inaudible]

1697
01:20:43,372 --> 01:20:45,080
DAVID Malan: OK, hekk
Apple litteralment jaf

1698
01:20:45,080 --> 01:20:49,030
fejn inti ħadthom ġiet kull siegħa ta '
il-jum għall-aħħar ħames snin.

1699
01:20:49,030 --> 01:20:51,112
>> UDJENZA: [inaudible]

1700
01:20:51,112 --> 01:20:54,626

1701
01:20:54,626 --> 01:20:56,375
DAVID Malan: Liema huwa
karatteristika isbaħ.

1702
01:20:56,375 --> 01:20:57,860
UDJENZA: [inaudible]

1703
01:20:57,860 --> 01:21:00,875
DAVID Malan: Yeah, iżda
kummerċ off għall-żgur.

1704
01:21:00,875 --> 01:21:01,750
UDJENZA: [inaudible]

1705
01:21:01,750 --> 01:21:04,720

1706
01:21:04,720 --> 01:21:07,813
>> DAVID Malan: Yeah, huwa faċli ħafna li.

1707
01:21:07,813 --> 01:21:08,688
UDJENZA: [inaudible]

1708
01:21:08,688 --> 01:21:12,040

1709
01:21:12,040 --> 01:21:13,248
DAVID Malan: aspetti negattivi oħra?

1710
01:21:13,248 --> 01:21:16,995
UDJENZA: [inaudible]

1711
01:21:16,995 --> 01:21:26,151

1712
01:21:26,151 --> 01:21:27,900
DAVID Malan: Absolutely--
teknoloġikament,

1713
01:21:27,900 --> 01:21:31,550
ekonomikament, huwa pjuttost konvinċenti biex
tip ta 'jiksbu dawn l-ekonomiji ta' skala

1714
01:21:31,550 --> 01:21:33,579
u jimxu kollox fis
l-sħaba hekk imsejħa.

1715
01:21:33,579 --> 01:21:35,870
Imma inti probabilment tixtieq li
jmorru ma 'wħud mill-akbar

1716
01:21:35,870 --> 01:21:39,380
ħut, il Amazons, il Google, il-
Microsofts-- Rackspace hija pjuttost big--

1717
01:21:39,380 --> 01:21:42,200
u ftit oħrajn, u mhux
neċessarjament jtiru minn folks lejl

1718
01:21:42,200 --> 01:21:45,640
li għalihom huwa faċli ħafna li tagħmel
dan it-tip ta 'teknika illum.

1719
01:21:45,640 --> 01:21:49,140
U li min inti tista '
tħallas $ 5.99 kull xahar għal.

1720
01:21:49,140 --> 01:21:50,890
Imma inti żgur
nikseb dak li inti tħallas għall.

1721
01:21:50,890 --> 01:21:54,014
>> Meta inti tgħidli [inaudible], li meta
affarijiet simili dawn il-ħames nines toħroġ,

1722
01:21:54,014 --> 01:21:58,017
li permezz tagħha anki jekk teknoloġikament
ma nistgħux verament tiggarantixxi 99.999,

1723
01:21:58,017 --> 01:22:00,350
aħna ser biss nibnu f'xi tip
tal-piena tal-kuntratt

1724
01:22:00,350 --> 01:22:03,910
b'tali mod li jekk dan ma jseħħx, għall-inqas
hemm xi spejjeż lilna, il-bejjiegħ.

1725
01:22:03,910 --> 01:22:07,950
U dan huwa dak li inti tipikament
tkun jkollna biex jiftehmu.

1726
01:22:07,950 --> 01:22:09,590
>> UDJENZA: [inaudible]

1727
01:22:09,590 --> 01:22:12,290
>> DAVID Malan: U l-
tip wieħed ta 'barka

1728
01:22:12,290 --> 01:22:15,630
huwa li anke meta aħna jinżlu, għal
istanza, jew saħansitra ċerti kumpanniji,

1729
01:22:15,630 --> 01:22:17,800
ir-realtà hija Amażonja,
per eżempju, tkun tant

1730
01:22:17,800 --> 01:22:21,780
klijenti darn, klijenti magħrufa sew,
jopera minn ċerti ċentri tad-data

1731
01:22:21,780 --> 01:22:26,224
li meta xi ħaġa verament tmur ħażin,
bħal atti ta 'Alla u tat-temp u bħal dawn,

1732
01:22:26,224 --> 01:22:29,390
jekk ikun hemm xi tip ta 'kisja tal-fidda,
huwa li int fil-kumpanija tajba ħafna.

1733
01:22:29,390 --> 01:22:30,680
Your website jista 'jkun offline.

1734
01:22:30,680 --> 01:22:32,750
Imma hekk hija nofs simili ta
l-internet popolari.

1735
01:22:32,750 --> 01:22:36,230
U dan huwa forsi ftit
aktar togħma lill-klijenti tiegħek

1736
01:22:36,230 --> 01:22:38,780
jekk huwa aktar ta 'l-internet
Ħaġa minn ħaġa acme.com.

1737
01:22:38,780 --> 01:22:41,780
Imma dak li daqsxejn ta 'iqarrqu.

1738
01:22:41,780 --> 01:22:46,740
>> Allura f'termini ta 'affarijiet oħra li tħares lejn,
biss hekk li aħna ma jeskludix oħrajn,

1739
01:22:46,740 --> 01:22:51,210
jekk inti tmur lill-Microsoft Azure, huma
għandhom kemm Linux u l-għalf Windows

1740
01:22:51,210 --> 01:22:53,190
li l komparabbli ma 'Amazon.

1741
01:22:53,190 --> 01:22:57,540
Jekk inti tmur Google Ikkomputa magna,
li jkunu xi ħaġa simili kif ukoll.

1742
01:22:57,540 --> 01:23:00,500
U biss li jarrotondaw l
dawn l-offerti sħaba,

1743
01:23:00,500 --> 01:23:02,762
I ser isemmu ħaġa waħda oħra.

1744
01:23:02,762 --> 01:23:04,720
Din hija website popolari
dan huwa rappreżentattiv

1745
01:23:04,720 --> 01:23:08,590
ta 'klassi ta' teknoloġiji.

1746
01:23:08,590 --> 01:23:12,350
Dawk aħna biss tkellmu
dwar, Amazon, ikun IaaS,

1747
01:23:12,350 --> 01:23:17,150
Infrastruttura Għax A Service, fejn inti
tip ta 'hardware fiżiċi bħala servizz.

1748
01:23:17,150 --> 01:23:18,757
Hemm SAAs.

1749
01:23:18,757 --> 01:23:20,090
Attwalment, let me LOGHOME dawn l isfel.

1750
01:23:20,090 --> 01:23:23,290

1751
01:23:23,290 --> 01:23:28,190
>> Infrastruttura IAAS--
Bħala servizz, SAAs,

1752
01:23:28,190 --> 01:23:31,870
u PAAS, li huma
akronimi notevolment konfuża

1753
01:23:31,870 --> 01:23:34,400
li ma jiddeskrivu tliet
tipi differenti ta 'affarijiet.

1754
01:23:34,400 --> 01:23:36,400
U l-akronimi infushom
ma verament kwistjoni.

1755
01:23:36,400 --> 01:23:38,360
Dan huwa kollu ta 'l-għalf sħaba
konna biss kien jitkellem dwar,

1756
01:23:38,360 --> 01:23:41,570
l-għalf livell aktar baxx, il-
Virtualization ta 'hardware u l-ħażna

1757
01:23:41,570 --> 01:23:44,890
fil-sħaba hekk imsejħa, kemm jekk huwa
Amazon, Microsoft, Google, jew oħrajn.

1758
01:23:44,890 --> 01:23:47,270
>> Software bħala service--
lkoll tip ta jużaw dan.

1759
01:23:47,270 --> 01:23:49,810
Jekk tuża apps Google
għall Gmail jew illixxar,

1760
01:23:49,810 --> 01:23:52,530
kwalunkwe minn dawn il-web ibbażat
applikazzjonijiet li 10 snin ilu aħna

1761
01:23:52,530 --> 01:23:55,560
ikollu ikoni doppju għafast fuq
desktop tagħna, softwer bħala servizz

1762
01:23:55,560 --> 01:23:57,400
issa huwa verament web applikazzjoni.

1763
01:23:57,400 --> 01:24:00,110
U l-pjattaforma bħala
servizz tip ta tiddependi.

1764
01:24:00,110 --> 01:24:03,140
>> U l-eżempju wieħed I ser jagħtuk hawn
fil-kuntest tal computing-- sħaba

1765
01:24:03,140 --> 01:24:06,250
hemm kumpanija waħda li pjuttost
popolari dawn il-jiem, Heroku.

1766
01:24:06,250 --> 01:24:08,940
U huma servizz,
pjattaforma, jekk inti se,

1767
01:24:08,940 --> 01:24:11,730
li timxi fuq quċċata ta '
infrastruttura Amazon.

1768
01:24:11,730 --> 01:24:15,800
U huma biss jagħmilha ferm eħfef
għall-iżviluppaturi u l-inġiniera

1769
01:24:15,800 --> 01:24:18,330
biex tikseb l-applikazzjonijiet fuq l-internet fuq l-internet.

1770
01:24:18,330 --> 01:24:22,170
>> Huwa uġigħ, inizjalment, għall-użu
Amazon Web Services u affarijiet oħra.

1771
01:24:22,170 --> 01:24:24,170
Għaliex inti fil-fatt ikollhom
jkunu jafu u jifhmu

1772
01:24:24,170 --> 01:24:27,617
dwar databases u servers mill-web u
balancers tagħbija u l-għalf

1773
01:24:27,617 --> 01:24:28,450
I biss tkellem dwar.

1774
01:24:28,450 --> 01:24:32,780
Minħabba li kull Amazon għamlet mhix
moħbija dawk l-isfidi tad-disinn.

1775
01:24:32,780 --> 01:24:35,790
Huma ħadthom biss virtualized minnhom
u mċaqalqa ġo browser,

1776
01:24:35,790 --> 01:24:37,770
fis-softwer minflok ta 'hardware.

1777
01:24:37,770 --> 01:24:43,020
>> Iżda kumpaniji bħal Heroku u oħrajn
fornituri PaaS, Pjattaforma Għax A Service,

1778
01:24:43,020 --> 01:24:46,900
huma jużaw dawn il-prinċipji fundamentali barebone
li aħna biss tkellem dwar,

1779
01:24:46,900 --> 01:24:50,340
u dawn jibnu aktar faċli biex
tuża softwer fuq nett tagħha

1780
01:24:50,340 --> 01:24:54,241
b'tali mod li jekk inti tixtieq li tikseb 'web ibbażat
Applikazzjoni Online f'dawn il-jiem,

1781
01:24:54,241 --> 01:24:55,990
inti żgur għandek
taf kif program.

1782
01:24:55,990 --> 01:25:00,280
Inti għandek bżonn tkun taf Java jew Python jew PHP
jew Ruby jew mazz ta 'lingwi oħra.

1783
01:25:00,280 --> 01:25:02,180
>> Iżda jeħtieġ ukoll post li tqiegħed lilha.

1784
01:25:02,180 --> 01:25:04,790
U tkellimna aktar kmieni dwar
jkollna web hosting kumpanija.

1785
01:25:04,790 --> 01:25:08,630
Dik hija tip ta 'bħalhom nofs is-snin 2000
approċċ għall jkollna xi ħaġa online.

1786
01:25:08,630 --> 01:25:12,140
Illum inti tista 'minflok tħallas xi ħadd
bħall Heroku ftit dollari fix-xahar.

1787
01:25:12,140 --> 01:25:15,370
U essenzjalment, ladarba inti ħadthom
isir xi konfigurazzjoni inizjali,

1788
01:25:15,370 --> 01:25:18,704
li taġġorna l-website tiegħek, inti
biss tat-tip ta 'kmand fil-tieqa.

1789
01:25:18,704 --> 01:25:21,370
U tkun xi kodiċi ħadthom bil-miktub
hawn fuq laptop tiegħek immedjatament

1790
01:25:21,370 --> 01:25:24,350
gets imqassma għal kull numru
ta 'servers fl-sħaba.

1791
01:25:24,350 --> 01:25:26,440
>> U Heroku jieħu ħsieb ta '
kollha tal-kumplessità.

1792
01:25:26,440 --> 01:25:28,930
Dawn il-figura l-bażi tad-data
Jittieħed, l-ibbilanċjar tat-tagħbija,

1793
01:25:28,930 --> 01:25:31,480
kollha ta 'l-ras li aħna stajt
biss bil-miktub fuq il-bord,

1794
01:25:31,480 --> 01:25:33,320
u jistaħbew kollha ta 'dik għalik.

1795
01:25:33,320 --> 01:25:36,170
U fl-ritorn, inti biss
tħallas lilhom daqsxejn aktar.

1796
01:25:36,170 --> 01:25:39,810
Allura inti għandek dawn l-infrastrutturi huma
servizz, pjattaformi bħala servizz,

1797
01:25:39,810 --> 01:25:41,400
u mbagħad softwer bħala servizz.

1798
01:25:41,400 --> 01:25:45,390
Huwa, għal darb'oħra, din
estrazzjoni jew saffi.

1799
01:25:45,390 --> 01:25:51,187
>> Kwalunkwe mistoqsijiet dwar l-sħaba jew
bini ta 'infrastruttura tiegħu stess?

1800
01:25:51,187 --> 01:25:52,270
Kull dritt, li kien ħafna.

1801
01:25:52,270 --> 01:25:54,200
Għaliex ma we go quddiem u
jieħu pawża tagħna 15 minuta hawnhekk.

1802
01:25:54,200 --> 01:25:57,241
Aħna ser terga 'lura ma' kunċetti ġodda ftit
u daqsxejn ta 'hands-on opportunità

1803
01:25:57,241 --> 01:25:59,110
qabel il-lejla huwa fuq.

1804
01:25:59,110 --> 01:26:00,332